JP2008220040A - Brush device and commutator motor - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a brush device that stabilizes a contact pressure between a carbon brush and a commutator so as to have high reliability, a longer service lifetime, and almost no variation in efficiency by rectification stabilization, and a commutator motor. <P>SOLUTION: The brush device 10 is provided with a brush 11 whose tip part is brought into sliding contact with the outer peripheral face of a substantially cylindrical commutator, a spring 14 for biasing the brush 11 to the commutator side, and a brush holder 13 for storing and holding the spring 14 and the brush 11. A damping material 16 is arranged between the brush 11 and the spring 14. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2008,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a commutator motor and a brush device used particularly for household vacuum cleaners and electric tools.

Generally, a brush device used for a commutator motor is provided with a brush that slides on the commutator, a spring as a biasing means that biases the brush toward the commutator, and a brush holder that stores and holds the brush and the spring. Is known. (For example, see Patent Document 1)
The commutator motor is configured such that a predetermined current flows through the armature winding when the current flowing through the brush is rectified by the commutator, thereby generating a magnetic field in the armature winding. In addition, the armature rotates when a current flows through the field winding connected in series with the brush.
JP-A-8-289507

  The problem to be solved by the invention is that in the brush device used in the commutator motor, the brush vibrates by sliding contact with the commutator during high-speed rotation of the commutator, and a resonance phenomenon between the commutator and the spring occurs. Occurrence has become a factor in the occurrence of sparks, leading to a reduction in brush life and an increase in efficiency.

  In order to solve the above-described problems, the present invention provides a plastic whose tip is in sliding contact with the outer peripheral surface of a substantially cylindrical commutator, a spring that urges the brush toward the commutator, the spring, and the brush. In the brush device comprising a brush holder for storing and holding a vibration damping material, a damping material is disposed between the brush portion and the spring portion.

  Thus, according to the present invention, the resonance between the commutator and the spring can be absorbed and the occurrence of sparks can be suppressed.

  Further, in the present invention, when the loss coefficient of the damping material is 0.1 or more, the vibration absorption effect is effective, which is preferable.

  In the present invention, it is preferable that the vibration damping material is made of resin since it can be produced at low cost by molding.

  Further, according to the present invention, when the vibration damping material is made of a resin having a glass transition temperature lower than the use environment temperature, the vibration absorption effect is stably obtained regardless of the change in the use environment temperature from the low temperature to the high temperature. Since it is obtained, it is suitable.

  Further, according to the present invention, when the vibration damping material is composed of a silicone resin, the glass transition temperature is low, and a vibration absorbing effect can be stably obtained regardless of the change in the use environment temperature from the low temperature to the high temperature. Is preferred.

  In addition, the commutator motor using the brush device according to the present invention can suppress resonance between the commutator and the spring, thereby enabling stable commutation and suppressing the occurrence of sparks.

  According to the brush device and the commutator motor of the present invention, since the damping material is disposed between the brush portion and the spring, the resonance between the commutator and the spring can be absorbed and the occurrence of sparks can be suppressed.

  In addition, when the loss coefficient of the damping material is 0.1 or more, a vibration absorption effect can be expected, the resonance between the commutator and the spring can be absorbed more, and the occurrence of sparks can be suppressed.

  Further, when the vibration damping material is made of resin, it can be produced at a low cost by molding, and also has an effect that does not lead to a weight gain since the specific gravity is low.

  Further, when the vibration damping material is composed of a silicone resin, the glass transition temperature is low, and a vibration absorbing effect can be stably obtained regardless of the change in the use environment temperature from the low temperature to the high temperature.

  Further, according to the commutator motor of the present invention, since the brush device having the above structure is used, it is possible to prevent the resonance of the spring, thereby suppressing the occurrence of sparks during the operation of the commutator motor, A long-life and high-efficiency commutator motor can be obtained.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. In addition, this invention is not limited by the example of embodiment. It can be implemented as appropriate within the scope of design ingenuity.

(Embodiment 1)
An embodiment of the present invention will be described based on FIGS. 1 to 2 with respect to a brush device for a commutator motor relating to a motor used in a vacuum cleaner or the like.

  A motor main body 1 that can be used in a vacuum cleaner or the like is constituted by a field 3 and an armature 4 provided in a bracket 2. The motor shaft 5 is provided on the armature 4 and serves as a rotating shaft. The motor shaft 5 is rotatably held in the fan case 2 and fixed. The fan 6 is fixed to the motor shaft 5 and is rotated by the rotation of the armature 4. An air guide 7 is provided on the armature side of the fan 6. The fan case 8 is provided on the bracket 2 and covers the fan 6 and the air guide 7. Then, air is sucked from the air inlet 9 by the fan 6, rectified by the air guide 7, and exhausted from an opening (not shown) formed in the bracket 2.

  The brush device 10 is a brush 11 made of carbon for energizing a commutator 12 provided in the armature 4, and the brush 11 is a metal deformed tube provided in a brush holder 13 as shown in FIG. 13a, and is urged from the deformed tube 13a to the commutator 12 side by a spring 14 so as to protrude. A pigtail 15 and a damping material 16 for supplying power to the brush 11 are provided on the surface of the brush 11 opposite to the side in contact with the commutator 12.

  Thus, since the damping material 16 is arrange | positioned between the brush 11 and the spring 14, the resonance between the commutator 12 and the spring 14 can be absorbed and generation | occurrence | production of a spark can be suppressed.

  The damping material 16 may be made of resin or damping steel plate. If the damping material 16 is made of a resin, it can be made by molding as compared with the damping steel plate, so that it can be made inexpensive, and the specific gravity is light, so an increase in weight can be suppressed.

(Embodiment 2)
As the damping material 16, a commutator motor was produced by changing the loss coefficient of the damping material, and the effect was confirmed at the brush life level. The results are shown in Table 1.

表１において、検討１は損失係数０．３の材料、検討２は損失係数１．４、検討３は損失係数０．０５、比較用として従来品のブラシにて整流子電動機を作成した。

In Table 1, Study 1 was a material with a loss factor of 0.3, Study 2 was a loss factor of 1.4, Study 3 was a loss factor of 0.05, and a commutator motor was made with a conventional brush for comparison.

  As is apparent from Table 1, the material of the damping material 16 having a larger loss factor tends to improve the brush life, and if the loss factor is generally 0.1 or more, the brush life level It is effective as an improvement.

(Embodiment 3)
As the damping material 16, a commutator motor was prepared by changing the glass transition temperature of the resin material of the damping material 16, and the effect was confirmed at the brush life level. The implementation results are as shown in Table 1 above.

  In Table 1, Study 1 is a material having a glass transition temperature of −45 ° C., Study 2 is a glass transition temperature of −10 ° C., Study 3 is a glass transition temperature of 135 ° C., and a commutator motor is created with a conventional brush for comparison. .

  As is apparent from Table 1, the brush life tends to be improved with a material having a low glass transition temperature. Since the material of Study 3 has a relatively high glass transition temperature, the effect of improving the brush life is small.

  Generally, the operating environment temperature of a commutator motor is about 10 ° C to 40 ° C, and the glass transition temperature of the resin material of the damping material is lower than the operating environment temperature of the commutator motor as is clear from the results of this study. In this case, it is effective for improving the brush life level.

(Embodiment 4)
As the damping material 16, a commutator motor was created using a silicone resin or an epoxy resin as the resin material of the damping material 16, and the effect was confirmed at the brush life level. The results are shown in Table 1 above.

  In Table 1, a commutator electric trajectory was created using a silicone resin for Study 1 and Study 2, an epoxy resin for Study 3, and a conventional brush for comparison.

  As is apparent from Table 1, the silicone resin has a low glass transition temperature and tends to improve the brush life. Since the epoxy resin has a relatively high glass transition temperature, the effect of improving the brush life is small. As is clear from the results of this study, Sisocorn resin is effective as a resin material for the vibration damping material.

  The brush device and the commutator motor of the present invention are optimal for improving reliability, and are useful for industrial vacuum cleaner applications that require a long life.

Half sectional view showing a commutator motor according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention. Sectional drawing which shows the brush device concerning Example 1 of this invention

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Motor main body 10 Brush apparatus 11 Brush 12 Commutator 13 Brush holder 13a Deformed pipe 14 Spring 16 Damping material

Claims (6)

A brush comprising: a brush whose tip is in sliding contact with the outer peripheral surface of a substantially cylindrical commutator; a spring that urges the brush toward the commutator; and a brush holder that houses and holds the spring and the brush. In the apparatus, a vibration damping material is disposed between the brush part and the spring part. 2. The brush device according to claim 1, wherein the loss coefficient is 0.1 or more. The brush device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the vibration damping material is made of resin. 4. The brush device according to claim 1, wherein the vibration damping material uses a resin having a glass transition temperature lower than a use environment temperature. 5. The brush device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the damping material uses a silicone resin. A commutator motor using the brush device according to any one of claims 1 to 5.

Images