JP2008212900A - Device carrying out concentration, cooling, and degassing, and cogeneration system using the same - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a compact chiller having a small installation area, and a cold water, purified water manufacturing device and a cogeneration system using the same. <P>SOLUTION: The chiller comprises a body 11 consisting of a condensed part 23 and a steam part 13 isolated and respectively held airtight, a steam ejector 17 having a suction mouth 18 opening on the steam part 13 and a discharge mouth 19 opening on the condensed part 23, a steam supply means 51 for injecting steam to the suction mouth 18 of the steam ejector 17, a supply means 53 for supplying a liquid to the steam part 13, a discharge means 55 supplying for use a condensed coolant produced in the steam part 13, a decompression means 35 for reducing pressure inside the condensed part 23, and a heat exchanger 31 which is a heat-exchange means for exchanging heat with the steam ejected from the discharge mouth 19 of the steam ejector 17. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2008,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to an apparatus for concentrating, cooling, and degassing a steam ejector built in a main body and a cogeneration system using the same.

  Cooling with a high cooling capacity and fast cooling rate, as one of the refrigeration equipment, using a steam ejector to depressurize the interior and cool the interior with the evaporation heat of the droplets sprayed in the interior Refrigeration equipment is used.

  As such a cooling and refrigeration apparatus, in Patent Document 1, a suction end of a steam ejector is connected to an exhaust line of a cooling tank of a vacuum cooling apparatus, and a positive displacement vacuum is connected to the discharge side of the steam ejector via a heat exchanger. A vacuum cooling apparatus having a configuration in which a pump is connected has been proposed. In this vacuum cooling device, even if the inside of the cooling tank is at a low temperature and a very low pressure, the inside of the cooling tank can be vacuum-sucked by the steam ejector, and the steam is heated from the mixed fluid compressed and pressurized by the steam ejector. It is disclosed that the vacuum pressure in the cooling tank is lowered and the time to this vacuum pressure is greatly shortened because the remaining air is sucked and exhausted by the positive displacement vacuum pump after being condensed by the exchanger. ing.

  Patent Document 2 discloses a highly functional water generation system that obtains degassed cooling water by using the cooling device having such a structure and aims to efficiently use the cooling water. That is, a steam ejector provided in a steam supply line from the steam generating unit and connected to an appropriate decompressed unit, an indirect condensing unit that condenses the steam that has passed through the steam ejector, and the inside of the indirect condensing unit There is disclosed a high-function water generation system comprising a decompression means for reducing pressure and a high-function water discharge means for discharging high-function water from the indirect condensing unit.

  On the other hand, in Patent Document 3, steam is generated by a waste heat steam boiler that uses waste heat of an engine for driving a generator, and an engine for driving a generator using a refrigerant generated by a cooling device that uses a steam ejector. A cogeneration system that cools the cooling water and uses the steam discharged from the steam ejector for use is disclosed.

  In Patent Document 4, steam is generated by a waste heat boiler that uses the heat of exhaust gas from a marine gas turbine, and pure water is manufactured from seawater by a flash-type pure water manufacturing apparatus that uses the generated steam and a steam ejector. At the same time, the steam discharged from the steam ejector is jetted and condensed in the pure water storage tank, and the obtained pure water in the pure water storage tank is used as drinking water, and is pressurized to a waste heat boiler. The marine gas turbine system provided with the pure water manufacturing apparatus heated by this and using for a marine gas turbine is disclosed.

Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 09-296975 JP 2006-346577 A Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2002-4943 JP2003-312588

  A steam ejector used for such a cooling device, a pure water production device or a cogeneration system is generally a long object having a length of several meters, and a heat exchanger for condensing the steam discharged from the steam ejector. When provided, the overall size and installation area of these devices are considerably increased. However, in the conventional cooling device, pure water production device or cogeneration system, no consideration has been given to how to reduce the size and installation area of the entire device to make it a compact device. In particular, in order to promote the spread of cogeneration systems, it is necessary to make the entire apparatus compact.

  The cooling device disclosed in Patent Document 1 has a condensing mechanism for steam discharged from the steam ejector, but there is no mechanism for using the energy of the steam or the steam itself. On the other hand, the highly functional water generation system proposed in Patent Document 2 has a mechanism that uses steam discharged from the steam ejector as highly functional water, and the energy efficiency is higher than that of the cooling device disclosed in Patent Document 1. Although it is high, there is a problem that the heat exchanger part is not compact.

  In the cogeneration system disclosed in Patent Document 3, almost no steam energy discharged from the steam ejector is used. In the marine gas turbine system disclosed in Patent Document 4, steam energy discharged from the steam ejector. Is used as it is for the steam utilization facility, there is a problem that it is not possible to supply steam with stable characteristics.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above-described problems and requirements of the prior art, and an object of the present invention is to provide a compact, small installation area concentration, cooling, and deaeration device and a cogeneration system using the same.

  The cooling device according to the present invention includes a main body composed of an evaporation unit and a condensation unit that are separated and kept airtight, a vapor ejector in which a suction port is opened in the evaporation unit, and a discharge port is opened in the condensation unit, Steam supply means for injecting steam to the suction port of the steam ejector, supply means for supplying liquid to the evaporation section, discharge means for using the concentrated coolant generated in the evaporation section, and inside the condensation section Pressure reducing means for reducing pressure, and heat exchanging means for exchanging heat with the steam ejected from the discharge port of the steam ejector.

  In the above invention, the main body is preferably provided with an evaporating part above the condensing part, and the heat exchanging means is a coiled heat exchanger that surrounds the steam ejector in multiple layers. Is good. Moreover, in the said invention, it is good to provide the apparatus which detects the quality of the functional water produced | generated in the condensation part, and it is good to provide a heat insulating material around the vapor ejector and / or the boundary part of the evaporation part of a main body, and a condensation part. Good.

  By using such an apparatus, it is possible to configure a cogeneration system having a generator, an engine that drives the generator, and an exhaust gas boiler or a waste heat boiler that uses exhaust gas from the engine. In the above-mentioned cogeneration system, the exhaust gas boiler or the waste heat boiler preferably has a steam header for storing the generated steam, and means for supplying steam to the device when the pressure of the steam header becomes a predetermined value or more. It is good to provide.

  Since the apparatus according to the present invention has a steam ejector portion built in the main body, the apparatus is compact, and there is little risk of vacuum leakage and the like, and the sealing structure can be simplified. By using such an apparatus, a compact and efficient apparatus or cogeneration system capable of concentrating, cooling, and degassing a liquid can be configured.

  The best mode for carrying out the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a layout diagram of an apparatus according to the present invention and a cogeneration system using the apparatus. FIG. 2 is an enlarged sectional view of the main body portion of the apparatus according to the present invention. As shown in FIG. 1, the present apparatus 10 is operated by being supplied with steam by a steam supply means 51 from an exhaust gas boiler 5 of a cogeneration system, which will be described later, through a steam header 7. The exhaust gas boiler 5 may be a waste heat boiler.

  As shown in FIG. 1, an apparatus 10 according to the present invention is provided with an evaporating part 13 and a condensing part 23 which are separated from a main body 11 arranged vertically and are kept airtight, respectively. The evaporating unit 13 is provided with a condensing unit 23 in the lower part thereof. As shown in FIG. 2, a vapor ejector 17 having a suction port 18 opening in the evaporation unit 13 and a discharge port 19 opening in the condensation unit 23 is provided above the central portion of the main body 11, and extends to the condensation unit 23. A heat exchanger 31 as heat exchange means is provided so as to surround the outer periphery of the steam ejector 17 that performs the operation. By incorporating the steam ejector 17 in the main body 11 in this way, the apparatus 10 can be configured compactly. Further, the conventional problem of vacuum leakage from the steam ejector portion can be solved.

  The evaporation section 13 of the main body 11 is provided with a steam supply means 51 for ejecting steam to the suction port 18 of the steam ejector 17 and a supply means 53 for supplying a liquid to the evaporation section 13. As shown in FIG. 2, the liquid is ejected into the evaporation section 13 through the nozzle 15 constituting the supply means 53. Further, a high-speed steam flow is allowed to flow from the suction port 18 of the steam ejector 17 through the nozzle 16 from the steam supply means 51. As the liquid supplied from the nozzle 15 by the supply means 53, various liquids such as water, refreshing or fruit juice drinks, factory waste water, and the like can be used. Further, these liquids can be supplied into the evaporation section 13 in a sprayed state or a jet state.

  The evaporating unit 13 is provided with a discharging means 55 for using the concentrated cooling liquid generated by the apparatus. By this discharging means 55, the concentrated coolant stored in the evaporation section 13 is used for cooling and other uses. For example, when the liquid supplied from the supply means 53 is water, it is used for cooling, and when it is a refreshing or fruit juice drink, those concentrated liquids are used. Further, when the liquid supplied from the supply means 53 is factory wastewater, the concentrated waste liquid is removed by removing the evaporation components such as water contained therein, leading to cooling and reduction of the factory wastewater.

  On the other hand, in the condensing part 23 provided at the lower part of the main body 11, the steam ejector 17 extends as described above, and the heat exchanger 31 as heat exchanging means is provided so as to surround the outer periphery thereof. Note that the heat exchanger 31 further performs heat exchange with a known cooling tower 33.

  The heat exchanger 31 has a coil shape in which spirally swirling water tubes are provided in multiple layers, and efficiently absorbs the energy of the steam ejected from the discharge port 19 of the steam ejector 17 and condenses it. be able to. Further, it can be stored compactly in the main body 11, which can contribute to the compactness of the apparatus 10.

  Further, the condensing unit 23 is provided with a depressurizing means 35 for depressurizing the inside of the condensing unit 23. The decompression means 35 can bring the condensing unit 23 into a vacuum state. The main body 11 is hermetically sealed and the condensing unit 23 and the evaporating unit 13 are communicated with each other by the steam ejector 17, so that the evaporating unit 13 can be evacuated. For example, both the condensing unit 23 and the evaporating unit 13 can be set to 2.3 kPa. As a result, the condensation of the vapor is performed quickly, and the present apparatus 10 can smoothly operate continuously. In the above case, the pressure of the evaporator 13 and the condenser 23 during operation depends on the specifications of the apparatus, the processing amount, etc., for example, the evaporator 13 is 1.2 kPa and the condenser 23 is 7.3 kPa. . The decompression means 35 can be constituted by a water ring vacuum pump.

  Although the present apparatus 10 has been described above, the pure water condensed and generated in the condensing unit 23 has various characteristics described below. In order to use this pure water, as shown in FIG. 1, it is preferable to provide the apparatus 10 with a discharge means 56 for using the pure water. As a result, it is possible to configure a highly energy efficient apparatus that can use a compact and efficient concentrated coolant and pure water. In this case, since the condensing unit 23 is in a vacuum state, in order to use the pure water 63, the head of the pure water 63 stored in the condensing unit 23 is effectively sucked into the pump constituting the discharge means 56. It must be held above. For this reason, as shown in FIG. 2, the mount frame 70 which installs the main body 11 upward can be provided. Providing such a pedestal 70 is easy because the main body 11 is vertical.

  The same applies to the discharging means 55 for using the concentrated cooling liquid 61 stored in the evaporation unit 13. In the case of the discharge means 55, the amount of the concentrated cooling liquid 61 stored in the evaporation unit 13 is considerably larger than the amount of pure water 63 stored in the condensing unit 23, but the main body 11 is a vertical type and the evaporation unit Since 13 is disposed on the upper part of the condensing unit 23, it is easy to hold the head of the concentrated cooling liquid 61 stored in the evaporating unit 13 more than the effective suction head with respect to the pump constituting the discharge means 55. .

  Hereinafter, the operation of the apparatus 10 will be described. When the inside of the main body 11 is in a vacuum state, when the liquid is ejected from the nozzle 15, the inside of the evaporation unit 13 is filled with the saturated liquid and the saturated vapor. Next, when the steam flow is caused to flow from the nozzle 16 to the steam ejector 17 by the steam supply means 51, the saturated steam and the gas component in the evaporator 13 are sucked from the suction port 18. At this time, the degree of vacuum further increases in the evaporation unit 13, the liquid evaporates and takes the heat of vaporization from the evaporation unit 13 to lower the temperature in the evaporation unit 13, and the concentrated cooling liquid 61 (see FIG. 1) is generated and accumulated. The produced concentrated cooling liquid 61 is used by the discharging means 55. As described above, the concentrated cooling liquid 61 can be used as it is, and can be used for various purposes such as cooling.

  On the other hand, steam and air are discharged from the discharge port 19 of the steam ejector 17 to the condensing unit 23. The discharged steam is absorbed by the heat exchanger 31 and condensed, and pure water 63 is generated at the bottom of the condensing unit 23. The pure water 63 is discharged by the discharge means 56 and can be used. Pure water 63 has been degassed, and its purity can be less than 20 μS / cm, and can also be less than 5 μS / cm.

  When such pure water 63 is used as make-up water for the exhaust gas boiler 5 of the cogeneration system, the drainage amount (blow amount) of concentrated water can be reduced, and there is no hardness component such as calcium and magnesium. Adhesion can be suppressed. Further, since there is no sulfate ion or chloride ion which is a corrosive factor of the water pipe or the like constituting the exhaust gas boiler 5, it is possible to suppress the occurrence of corrosion of the water pipe or the like. Furthermore, since the pure water 63 is warm water, it is possible to suppress energy for water supply preheating.

  In addition, when such pure water 63 is used as makeup water for the cooling tower 33, since it does not contain hardness, it is possible to suppress the growth of algae, slime, Legionella, and circulating water. Concentration can be reduced, and the drainage amount (blow amount) of concentrated water can be reduced. Further, since there are no sulfate ions and chloride ions, the occurrence of corrosion of the components of the heat exchange means 30 can be suppressed. As described above, the pure water 63 has various characteristics and can be used as functional water. For this reason, in order to use according to each purpose, it is necessary to provide equipment for detecting water quality as functional water, for example, ion concentration measuring device, electrical conductivity measuring device, water temperature measuring device, dissolved oxygen concentration measuring device, etc. Good. In addition, a monitor for displaying the measurement results obtained by these measuring devices can be provided.

  The apparatus according to the present invention has been described above. As described above, this apparatus can stably produce a concentrated coolant or pure water (functional water) with a compact configuration. However, the apparatus according to the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. For example, in the evaporator 13, the steam ejector 17 is at a high temperature, and the concentrated coolant 61 is at a low temperature. Therefore, as shown in FIG. As a result, the temperature of the concentrated coolant 61 can be prevented from rising, and the temperature of the steam ejector 17 and the condensing unit 23 can be prevented from falling. Similarly, in order to prevent the temperature of the concentrated cooling liquid 61 from rising and the temperature of the condensing part 23 from falling, it is preferable to provide a heat insulating material 42 at the boundary between the evaporation part 13 and the condensing part 23. By providing such heat insulating materials 41 and 42, the energy efficiency of the apparatus 10 according to the present invention can be further improved. For the heat insulating materials 41 and 42, for example, urethane foam can be used.

  A compact and efficient cogeneration system described below can be configured using such an apparatus. That is, as shown in FIG. 1, the generator 3 is operated by an internal combustion engine 1, the exhaust gas of the engine 1 is absorbed by the exhaust gas boiler 5 to generate steam, and the steam is supplied to the device 10 by the steam supply means 51. A cogeneration system can be configured to be supplied.

  In this cogeneration system, the steam generated in the exhaust gas boiler 5 is normally used in the steam utilization equipment 8 by the equipment steaming means 9, and when surplus steam is generated, the steam is stored in the steam header 7 and necessary. Accordingly, the steam can be supplied to the steam supply means 51. In this case, it is preferable to provide a means for supplying steam to the steam supply means 51 when the pressure of the steam header becomes a predetermined value or more. Thereby, the energy efficiency of a cogeneration system can be improved.

Concentrated coolant and pure water production tests were conducted using the apparatus 10 shown in FIGS. The liquid supplied by the supply means 53 was water (factory water, water temperature 20 ° C.). The installation area of the apparatus 10 was 2.6 × 3.8 m ² including the cooling tower 33 and attached equipment. The overall height of the main body 11 was about 4 m, and the length of the steam ejector 17 was about 2 m. The amount of steam supplied by the steam supply means 51 was 206 kg / h (vapor pressure 0.44 MPa). During the operation of the apparatus 10, the degree of vacuum of the evaporation part 13 was 1.2 kPa, and the degree of vacuum of the condensing part 23 was 7.3 kPa.

  The apparatus 10 was able to produce 5000 kg / h of a concentrated coolant having a water temperature of 10 ° C. and 300 kg / h of pure water having a water temperature of 40 ° C. The purity of pure water was 5 μS / cm.

1 is a layout diagram of a cogeneration system using an apparatus according to the present invention. It is an expanded sectional view of the main-body part of the apparatus which concerns on this invention.

Explanation of symbols

1 engine
3 Generator
5 Exhaust gas boiler
7 Steam header
8 Steam equipment
9 Facility steaming means
10 Equipment
11 Body
13 Evaporator
15 Spray nozzle
16 nozzles
17 Steam ejector
18 Suction port
19 Discharge port
23 Condensing section
31 Heat exchanger
33 Cooling tower
35 Pressure reducing means
41, 42 Insulation
51 Steam supply means
53 Supply means
55, 56 Discharge means
61 Concentrated coolant
63 Pure water
70 frame

Claims (8)

  A main body composed of an evaporation unit and a condensation unit which are separated and kept airtight, a vapor ejector having a suction port opened in the evaporation unit, and a discharge port opened in the condensation unit, and a vapor in the suction port of the vapor ejector Vapor supply means for injecting liquid, supply means for supplying liquid to the evaporation section, discharge means for using the concentrated coolant generated in the evaporation section, decompression means for reducing the pressure in the condensation section, and the steam An apparatus having heat exchange means for exchanging heat with steam ejected from an ejection port of an ejector.   The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the main body has the evaporating unit disposed on an upper part of the condensing unit.   The apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the heat exchange means is a coiled heat exchanger having a multilayer structure surrounding the steam ejector.   The apparatus in any one of Claims 1-3 provided with the apparatus which detects the quality of the functional water produced | generated in the said condensation part.   The apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein a heat insulating material is provided around the steam ejector and / or a boundary portion between the evaporation section and the condensation section of the main body.   The generator, the engine that drives the generator, the exhaust gas boiler or the waste heat boiler that uses the exhaust gas of the engine, and the steam supplied from the exhaust gas boiler or the waste heat boiler are used. A cogeneration system comprising the device according to claim 1.   The cogeneration system according to claim 6, wherein the exhaust gas boiler or the waste heat boiler has a steam header for storing the generated steam.   The cogeneration system according to claim 6 or 7, further comprising means for supplying steam to the device when the pressure of the steam header becomes a predetermined value or more.

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