JP2008201627A - Granular explosive composition - Google Patents
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- JP2008201627A JP2008201627A JP2007040188A JP2007040188A JP2008201627A JP 2008201627 A JP2008201627 A JP 2008201627A JP 2007040188 A JP2007040188 A JP 2007040188A JP 2007040188 A JP2007040188 A JP 2007040188A JP 2008201627 A JP2008201627 A JP 2008201627A
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- 239000002360 explosive Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 61
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 52
- -1 polyoxyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- PAWQVTBBRAZDMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(3-bromo-2-fluorophenyl)acetic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC1=CC=CC(Br)=C1F PAWQVTBBRAZDMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 229920003171 Poly (ethylene oxide) Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- BFNBIHQBYMNNAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium sulfate Chemical compound N.N.OS(O)(=O)=O BFNBIHQBYMNNAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052921 ammonium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000011130 ammonium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 abstract description 19
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 150000005215 alkyl ethers Chemical class 0.000 abstract 1
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 49
- 239000002283 diesel fuel Substances 0.000 description 18
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 6
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 5
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 5
- IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene oxide Chemical compound C1CO1 IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005422 blasting Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000009257 reactivity Effects 0.000 description 3
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O Ammonium Chemical compound [NH4+] QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 2
- 238000005474 detonation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000007873 sieving Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 125000000129 anionic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001186 cumulative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000295 fuel oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 1
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003350 kerosene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013307 optical fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011056 performance test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002545 silicone oil Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 description 1
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- Inorganic Compounds Of Heavy Metals (AREA)
Abstract
Description
本発明は、砕石、採鉱等の産業発破に用いられる粒状の爆薬組成物に関する。 The present invention relates to a granular explosive composition used for industrial blasting such as crushed stone and mining.
従来、多孔質プリル硝安と油剤からなる爆薬組成物としては、軽油を油剤とした硝安油剤爆薬（以下「ＡＮＦＯ」と略記）があり、単純な設備で効率的に製造できること、優れた流動性により、流し込みやＡＮＦＯローダーによる効率的な発破孔への装填ができること、衝撃感度が低く安全に取り扱えること及び安価であること等から、産業用爆薬の中では最も大量に消費されている。
このような爆薬組成物には、通常、見掛け密度０．７２〜０．７８の多孔質プリル硝安が用いられるが、より威力を高めるため、内部細孔を増大させて爆轟反応における反応性を向上させた見掛け密度０．５８〜０．７０ｇ／ｃｍ3 及び／又は吸油率１５〜２８重量％の多孔質プリル硝安が用いられることがある。しかしながら、この内部細孔を増大させた多孔質プリル硝安を用いた爆薬組成物は、高威力であると同時に衝撃に対する感度も上昇しており、取り扱い時の安全性が低いという問題を有していることが、例えば、特許文献１に開示されている。
Conventionally, as explosive compositions composed of porous prill ammonium nitrate and an oil agent, there is a ammonium oil explosive explosive (hereinafter abbreviated as “ANFO”) using light oil as an oil agent, which can be manufactured efficiently with simple equipment, and has excellent fluidity. They are most consumed among industrial explosives because they can be efficiently loaded into blast holes by pouring or using an ANFO loader, can be handled safely with low impact sensitivity, and are inexpensive.
For such explosive compositions, porous prill ammonium sulfate with an apparent density of 0.72 to 0.78 is usually used. In order to increase the power, the internal pores are increased to increase the reactivity in the detonation reaction. Porous ammonium nitrate with an apparent apparent density of 0.58 to 0.70 g / cm 3 and / or an oil absorption of 15 to 28% by weight may be used. However, the explosive composition using the porous prill ammonium nitrate with increased internal pores has a problem that it is not only high in power but also has high sensitivity to impact and is low in safety during handling. For example, this is disclosed in Patent Document 1.
本発明は、高威力で且つ衝撃に対する感度が低く、取り扱い時の安全性が高い、新規な粒状の爆薬組成物を提供することを目的とする。 An object of the present invention is to provide a novel granular explosive composition that has high power, low sensitivity to impact, and high safety during handling.
本発明者らは、上記課題を解決するために鋭意研究を重ねた結果、特定の見掛け密度を有する多孔質プリル硝安、油剤及び特定の界面活性剤を含有する粒状爆薬組成物が、その目的に適合することを見出し、本発明を完成するに至った。
すなわち、本発明は、
（１）見掛け密度０．５８〜０．７０ｇ／ｃｍ3 の多孔質プリル硝安、油剤及びポリオキシエチレンアルキルエーテルリン酸エステルを含有することを特徴とする粒状爆薬組成物、
（２）ポリオキシエチレンアルキルエーテルリン酸エステルがＨＬＢ６．６〜１０のものであることを特徴とする上記（１）に記載の粒状爆薬組成物、
（３）ポリオキシエチレンアルキルエーテルリン酸エステルが油剤に対して１．４〜１７重量％含有されてなることを特徴とする上記（１）又は（２）に記載の粒状爆薬組成物、
（４）油剤が６〜７重量％含有されてなることを特徴とする上記（１）〜（３）のいずれかに記載の粒状爆薬組成物、
（５）多孔質プリル硝安が吸油率１５〜２８重量％のものであることを特徴とする上記（１）〜（４）のいずれかに記載の粒状爆薬組成物、
（６）多孔質プリル硝安が平均粒径１．０〜１．８ｍｍのものであることを特徴とする上記（１）〜（５）のいずれかに記載の粒状爆薬組成物、
に関する。
As a result of intensive studies to solve the above problems, the present inventors have developed a granular explosive composition containing a porous prill ammonium nitrate, an oil agent and a specific surfactant having a specific apparent density. As a result, the present invention has been completed.
That is, the present invention
(1) A granular explosive composition comprising porous prill ammonium sulfate having an apparent density of 0.58 to 0.70 g / cm 3 , an oil agent, and a polyoxyethylene alkyl ether phosphate,
(2) The granular explosive composition as described in (1) above, wherein the polyoxyethylene alkyl ether phosphate ester is HLB 6.6-10.
(3) The granular explosive composition as described in (1) or (2) above, wherein the polyoxyethylene alkyl ether phosphate is contained in an amount of 1.4 to 17% by weight based on the oil.
(4) The granular explosive composition according to any one of (1) to (3) above, wherein the oil agent is contained in an amount of 6 to 7% by weight,
(5) The granular explosive composition according to any one of (1) to (4) above, wherein the porous prill ammonium nitrate has an oil absorption of 15 to 28% by weight,
(6) The granular explosive composition according to any one of (1) to (5) above, wherein the porous prill ammonium nitrate has an average particle size of 1.0 to 1.8 mm,
About.
本発明の粒状爆薬組成物は、産業発破において、高い威力による良好な破砕効果を示し、しかもＪＩＳ−Ｋ−４８０１；産業爆薬に規定される起爆感度試験方法Ａにおいて、６号雷管１本で起爆しないほどの低い衝撃感度を有しているため、取り扱い時の安全性に優れている。 The granular explosive composition of the present invention exhibits a good crushing effect due to high power in industrial blasting, and in addition, in JIS-K-4801: Explosive Sensitivity Test Method A defined for industrial explosives, it is initiated with one No. 6 detonator Because of its low impact sensitivity, it has excellent safety during handling.
以下、本発明を具体的に説明する。
本発明において用いられる多孔質プリル硝安は、見掛け密度が０．５８〜０．７０ｇ／ｃｍ3 のものであり、好ましくは見掛け密度が０．６０〜０．６８ｇ／ｃｍ3 のものである。
見掛け密度は、主に多孔質プリル硝安内部の細孔容積に左右され、細孔容積が大きなものほど見掛け密度は小さい値となって爆薬組成物の威力は高まるが、同時に強度が低下して粉化し易くなる傾向があるため、小さ過ぎるものは実用に適さない。上記範囲内のものであれば、実用上の強度を有すると共に、高い威力の爆薬組成物を得ることができる。
The present invention will be specifically described below.
The porous prill ammonium used in the present invention has an apparent density of 0.58 to 0.70 g / cm 3 , and preferably has an apparent density of 0.60 to 0.68 g / cm 3 .
The apparent density mainly depends on the pore volume inside the porous prill ammonium nitrate. The larger the pore volume, the smaller the apparent density and the greater the power of the explosive composition. Since it tends to be easily converted, those that are too small are not suitable for practical use. If it is in the said range, while having practical intensity | strength, a highly powerful explosive composition can be obtained.
この見掛け密度は、以下の測定方法によって得られる。
先ず、下端にダンパーが備わった上端内径９３ｍｍ、下端内径１５．５ｍｍ、高さ１２０ｍｍのホッパーを、内径４０ｍｍ、深さ８０ｍｍの容器の上に、容器上端とホッパー下端の間隔が３６．５ｍｍとなるよう配置する。次いで、多孔質プリル硝安の試料約１２０ｃｍ3 をホッパーに入れ、ダンパーを引き抜いて容器内へ自然流下させる。その後、容器の上に盛り上がっている試料を、容器上端に沿って水平のヘラですり切り、受容器内に残った試料の重量を上皿天秤で秤量する。秤量後、下記式（ａ）により見掛け密度を算出する。
見掛け密度（ｇ／ｃｍ3 ）＝Ｗ／Ｖ ・・・（ａ）
（式中、Ｗは容器内の試料の重量（ｇ）、Ｖは容器の容積（ｃｍ3 ）を表す。）
また、多孔質プリル硝安は、吸油率１５〜２８重量％のものが好ましく、より好ましくは吸油率１８〜２３重量％のものである。
This apparent density is obtained by the following measuring method.
First, a hopper having an upper end inner diameter of 93 mm, a lower end inner diameter of 15.5 mm, and a height of 120 mm provided with a damper at the lower end is placed on a container having an inner diameter of 40 mm and a depth of 80 mm, and the distance between the upper end of the container and the lower end of the hopper is 36.5 mm. Arrange so that. Next, a sample of about 120 cm 3 of porous prill ammonium nitrate is placed in a hopper, and the damper is pulled out and allowed to flow naturally into the container. Thereafter, the sample raised on the container is cut with a horizontal spatula along the upper end of the container, and the weight of the sample remaining in the receiver is weighed with an upper pan balance. After weighing, the apparent density is calculated by the following formula (a).
Apparent density (g / cm 3 ) = W / V (a)
(Wherein, W represents the weight (g) of the sample in the container, and V represents the volume (cm 3 ) of the container.)
The porous prill ammonium nitrate preferably has an oil absorption of 15 to 28% by weight, more preferably an oil absorption of 18 to 23% by weight.
吸油率は、主に多孔質プリル硝安内部の細孔容積に左右され、細孔容積が大きなものほど大きい値となって爆薬組成物の威力は高まるが、同時に強度が低下して粉化し易くなる傾向があるため、大き過ぎるものは実用に適さない。上記範囲内のものであれば、実用上の強度を有すると共に、高い威力の爆薬組成物を得ることができる。
この吸油率は、以下の測定方法によって得られる。
先ず、予め重量を秤量しておいた直径４０ｍｍ、内容量６０ｃｃのブフナーロート型ガラスフィルターに、フィルター板上面から４０ｍｍの高さまで多孔質プリル硝安の試料を入れて、全体重量を秤量する。次いで、ガラスフィルターの先にピンチコックで穴を塞いだゴム管を装着し、試料が完全に没するまで２号軽油を加えて５分間放置する。放置後、ゴム管を外して２号軽油を２分間自然落下させ、さらにその後、真空ポンプをつないで５分間吸引する。吸引終了後、真空ポンプから取り外して全体重量を秤量し、下記式（ｂ）により吸油率を算出する。
吸油率（重量％）＝（Ｗ２−Ｗ１−０．１）／（Ｗ１−Ｗ０）×１００ ・・・（ｂ）
（式中、Ｗ０はブフナーロート型ガラスフィルターの重量（ｇ）、Ｗ１は２号軽油を加える前の全体重量（ｇ）、Ｗ２は真空ポンプ吸引後の全体重量（ｇ）を表す。また、０．１はブフナーロート型ガラスフィルターの内壁に付着する軽油の補正値である。）
The oil absorption depends mainly on the pore volume inside the porous prill ammonium nitrate, and the larger the pore volume, the larger the value and the power of the explosive composition increases, but at the same time the strength decreases and it becomes easy to powder. Due to the tendency, too large ones are not suitable for practical use. If it is in the said range, while having practical intensity | strength, a highly powerful explosive composition can be obtained.
This oil absorption is obtained by the following measuring method.
First, a porous prill ammonium nitrate sample is put in a Buchner funnel type glass filter having a diameter of 40 mm and an internal volume of 60 cc, which has been weighed in advance, to a height of 40 mm from the upper surface of the filter plate, and the total weight is weighed. Next, a rubber tube whose hole is closed with a pinch cock is attached to the tip of the glass filter, and No. 2 light oil is added until the sample is completely submerged and left for 5 minutes. After leaving, the rubber tube is removed, and No. 2 diesel oil is allowed to fall naturally for 2 minutes, and then sucked for 5 minutes by connecting a vacuum pump. After completion of the suction, the whole weight is removed from the vacuum pump, and the oil absorption rate is calculated by the following formula (b).
Oil absorption (% by weight) = (W2-W1-0.1) / (W1-W0) × 100 (b)
(W0 represents the weight (g) of the Buchner funnel type glass filter, W1 represents the total weight (g) before adding No. 2 diesel oil, and W2 represents the total weight (g) after suction of the vacuum pump. 0 .1 is a correction value for light oil adhering to the inner wall of the Buchner funnel type glass filter.)
さらに、多孔質プリル硝安は、平均粒径１．０〜１．８ｍｍのものが好ましく、より好ましくは平均粒径１．１〜１．７ｍｍのものである。この範囲のものであれば、良好な油剤との混合性によって高威力の爆薬組成物が得られると共に、良好な流動性も維持できるためである。
この平均粒径は、篩い分けした多孔質プリル硝安の累積粒度が５０重量％となる粒径であって、多孔質プリル硝安の試料を、目開き２．３８ｍｍ、１．７０ｍｍ、１．１９ｍｍ、０．８４ｍｍ、０．４２ｍｍの篩を組み合わせて篩い分けた結果から求められる。なお、篩い分けにおける多孔質プリル硝安の試料は１００ｇとし、篩は目開きの小さいものから順に重ねて振とう機に装着し、５分間振とうさせる。
Further, the porous prill ammonium nitrate preferably has an average particle diameter of 1.0 to 1.8 mm, more preferably an average particle diameter of 1.1 to 1.7 mm. This is because, within this range, a highly powerful explosive composition can be obtained by mixing with a good oil agent, and good fluidity can be maintained.
This average particle size is a particle size at which the cumulative particle size of the sieved porous prill ammonium nitrate is 50% by weight, and a sample of the porous prill ammonium nitrate is divided into 2.38 mm, 1.70 mm, 1.19 mm, It is obtained from the result of sieving with a combination of 0.84 mm and 0.42 mm sieves. In addition, the sample of the porous prill ammonium nitrate in sieving shall be 100 g, and a sieve is put on a shaker in order from a thing with a small opening, and it shakes for 5 minutes.
本発明において用いられる特定の界面活性剤は、ポリオキシエチレンアルキルエーテルリン酸エステルであり、アニオン性を有することで多孔質プリル硝安への吸着性が良く、爆薬組成物の固化抑制効果に優れていることから選択されている。
ポリオキシエチレンアルキルエーテルリン酸エステルは、下記式（１）により表されるものであって、Ｒ（アルキル基）の種類及びｎ（エチレンオキサイドの付加モル数）の数は特に限定されないが、例えば、アルキル基としては炭素数８〜１２のもの等が挙げられ、ｎは３〜２３のもの等が挙げられる。
（ＲＯ（ＣＨ2 ＣＨ2 Ｏ）n ）3-X ＰＯ（ＯＨ）X ・・・（１）
（式中、Ｒはアルキル基、ｎはエチレンオキサイドの付加モル数を表す。また、Ｘは水酸基の付加モル数を表し、その数は１又は２である。）
The specific surfactant used in the present invention is a polyoxyethylene alkyl ether phosphate ester, and has an anionic property, so that it has good adsorptivity to porous prill ammonium sulfate and is excellent in the effect of suppressing solidification of the explosive composition. Have been selected.
The polyoxyethylene alkyl ether phosphate ester is represented by the following formula (1), and the type of R (alkyl group) and the number of n (added mole number of ethylene oxide) are not particularly limited. Examples of the alkyl group include those having 8 to 12 carbon atoms, and examples of n include those having 3 to 23 carbon atoms.
(RO (CH 2 CH 2 O) n ) 3-X PO (OH) X (1)
(In the formula, R represents an alkyl group, and n represents the number of moles of ethylene oxide added. X represents the number of moles of hydroxyl group added, and the number is 1 or 2.)
ポリオキシエチレンアルキルエーテルリン酸エステルのＨＬＢは、下記式（ｃ）により算出され、アルキル基の種類及びエチレンオキサドの付加モル数によって変化する。
ＨＬＢ＝７＋１１．７ｌｏｇ（Ｍｗ／Ｍｏ） ・・・（ｃ）
（式中、Ｍｗは親水基（エチレンオキサイド）の総分子量を表し、Ｍｏは親油基（アルキル基）の総分子量を表す。）
このＨＬＢは、一般的に親油性または親水性の強さを表す尺度として用いられる値であって、１０を境界として、それより大きなものになると親水性が強く油剤への溶解性が悪くなり、小さくなると親油性が強く油剤への溶解性が良好になることが知られている。ポリオキシエチレンアルキルエーテルリン酸エステルを他の成分と混合し爆薬組成物にする場合、一旦油剤に溶解して添加すれば容易に爆薬組成物全体へ均一分散することができるが、油剤への溶解性が悪いものではこの方法は使えないため、ポリオキシエチレンアルキルエーテルリン酸エステルは、油溶性を有するＨＬＢ１０以下のものが好ましい。他方、本発明者らは、ＨＬＢが爆薬組成物の衝撃感度を低下させる効果とも相関があり、数値が大きなものほど高い効果を示すことを見出した。下記実施例１〜４に示すごとく、爆薬組成物の衝撃感度はＨＬＢ６．６のもので低下し、さらにＨＬＢ８．７のもので大きく低下している。これらのことから、ポリオキシエチレンアルキルエーテルリン酸エステルは、ＨＬＢ６．６〜１０のものが好ましく、より好ましくはＨＬＢ６．７〜８．７のものである。
The HLB of the polyoxyethylene alkyl ether phosphate ester is calculated by the following formula (c) and varies depending on the type of alkyl group and the number of moles of ethylene oxide added.
HLB = 7 + 11.7 log (Mw / Mo) (c)
(In the formula, Mw represents the total molecular weight of the hydrophilic group (ethylene oxide), and Mo represents the total molecular weight of the lipophilic group (alkyl group).)
This HLB is a value generally used as a scale representing the strength of lipophilicity or hydrophilicity, with 10 being the boundary, when it is larger, the hydrophilicity is strong and the solubility in the oil becomes poor. It is known that when it is small, the lipophilicity is strong and the solubility in the oil is improved. When polyoxyethylene alkyl ether phosphate ester is mixed with other ingredients to make an explosive composition, once dissolved and added to the oil, it can be easily dispersed uniformly throughout the explosive composition, but it can be dissolved in the oil. Since this method cannot be used if the property is poor, the polyoxyethylene alkyl ether phosphate is preferably HLB 10 or less having oil solubility. On the other hand, the present inventors have found that HLB has a correlation with the effect of lowering the impact sensitivity of the explosive composition, and that a larger value indicates a higher effect. As shown in Examples 1 to 4 below, the impact sensitivity of the explosive composition is lowered with the HLB 6.6, and further with the HLB 8.7. From these, the polyoxyethylene alkyl ether phosphate ester is preferably HLB 6.6 to 10, more preferably HLB 6.7 to 8.7.
また、ポリオキシエチレンアルキルエーテルリン酸エステルの添加量は、油剤の量が多孔質プリル硝安と油剤からなる爆薬組成物において一般的に採用される６重量％の場合、実施例１〜４に示すごとく、油剤に対して８重量％にて爆薬組成物の衝撃感度が低下し、１７重量％まで著しい威力低下はない。ところが、本発明者らは、油剤量を７重量％に増量すると、さらに少ない添加量でも衝撃感度の低下に効果を発揮することを見出した。実施例５と６に示すごとく、油剤量７重量％の場合、油剤に対して１．４重量％にて爆薬組成物の衝撃感度が低下し、さらに４重量％で大きく低下しているが、著しい威力低下もない。これらのことから、ポリオキシエチレンアルキルエーテルリン酸エステルの添加量は１．４〜１７重量％が好ましく、安全性向上と経済性を加味すると、より好ましいのは４〜８重量％である。 Moreover, the addition amount of polyoxyethylene alkyl ether phosphate is shown in Examples 1 to 4 when the amount of the oil agent is 6% by weight generally employed in explosive compositions composed of porous prill ammonium nitrate and the oil agent. Thus, the impact sensitivity of the explosive composition decreases at 8% by weight relative to the oil, and there is no significant reduction in power up to 17% by weight. However, the present inventors have found that when the amount of the oil agent is increased to 7% by weight, an effect of lowering the impact sensitivity is exhibited even with a smaller addition amount. As shown in Examples 5 and 6, when the amount of the oil agent is 7% by weight, the impact sensitivity of the explosive composition decreases at 1.4% by weight with respect to the oil agent, and further decreases significantly at 4% by weight. There is no significant power drop. From these facts, the addition amount of polyoxyethylene alkyl ether phosphate is preferably 1.4 to 17% by weight, and more preferably 4 to 8% by weight considering safety and economy.
油剤の添加量は、爆轟時に多孔質プリル硝安が放出する酸素量と油剤を完全酸化するのに必要な酸素量のバランスを考慮し、先述のごとく、一般的にそのバランスが適切で良好な反応性を得られる６重量％が採用される。このバランスが不適切であると、油剤と多孔質プリル硝安の反応性が悪化し威力が低下する傾向となるが、本発明においては、実施例１〜６に示すごとく、油剤量７重量％までは著しい威力低下はない。さらに油剤量７重量％であれば、衝撃感度の低下に必要なポリオキシエチレンアルキルエーテルリン酸エステルの添加量が少なく経済的にも有利であることから、油剤の添加量は６〜７重量％が好ましい。
また、本発明において用いられる油剤は、液状であるものが好ましい。液状であれば、多孔質プリル硝安との混合が容易となるためであり、液状の油剤の例としては、軽油、灯油、重油、シリコン油、スピンドル油等が挙げられるが、なかでも軽油は低粘度で多孔質プリル硝安への浸透性が良く、しかも安価であることから優れた油剤である。
The amount of oil added is generally appropriate and good as described above, considering the balance between the amount of oxygen released by porous prill ammonium nitrate during detonation and the amount of oxygen required to fully oxidize the oil. 6% by weight is used to obtain reactivity. If this balance is inappropriate, the reactivity between the oil agent and porous prill ammonium nitrate tends to deteriorate and the power tends to decrease. In the present invention, as shown in Examples 1 to 6, the oil agent amount is up to 7% by weight. There is no significant power drop. Furthermore, if the amount of the oil agent is 7% by weight, the amount of the oil agent added is 6 to 7% by weight because the amount of polyoxyethylene alkyl ether phosphate ester required for reducing the impact sensitivity is small and economically advantageous. Is preferred.
In addition, the oil used in the present invention is preferably liquid. This is because if it is liquid, it can be easily mixed with porous prill ammonium nitrate. Examples of liquid oils include light oil, kerosene, heavy oil, silicone oil, spindle oil, etc. It is an excellent oil agent because it has good viscosity and permeability to porous prill ammonium nitrate and is inexpensive.
以下、本発明を実施例などに基づいて更に具体的に説明するが、本発明はこれら実施例などにより何ら限定されるものではない。
［実施例１］
２号軽油６重量％にＨＬＢ６．６のポリオキシエチレンアルキルエーテルリン酸エステル（第一工業製薬株式会社製；プライサーフＡ２０８Ｂ）０．４８重量％（２号軽油に対して８重量％）を溶解し、これを見掛け密度０．６７ｇ／ｃｍ3 、吸油率１８重量％、平均粒径１．６ｍｍの多孔質プリル硝安９３．５２重量％に添加して均一に混合することにより、本発明の粒状爆薬組成物を得た。
EXAMPLES Hereinafter, although this invention is demonstrated more concretely based on an Example etc., this invention is not limited at all by these Examples.
[Example 1]
Dissolve 0.48% by weight of polyoxyethylene alkyl ether phosphate ester of HLB6.6 (Daiichi Kogyo Seiyaku Co., Ltd .; Prisurf A208B) (8% by weight of No. 2 diesel oil) in 6% by weight of No. 2 diesel oil By adding this to an apparent density of 0.67 g / cm 3 , an oil absorption of 18% by weight, and an average particle size of 1.6 mm porous prill ammonium nitrate of 93.52% by weight and mixing uniformly, An explosive composition was obtained.
［実施例２］
２号軽油６重量％にＨＬＢ６．６のポリオキシエチレンアルキルエーテルリン酸エステル（第一工業製薬株式会社製；プライサーフＡ２０８Ｂ）１．０２重量％（２号軽油に対して１７重量％）を溶解し、これを実施例１と同じ多孔質プリル硝安９２．９８重量％に添加して均一に混合することにより、本発明の粒状爆薬組成物を得た。
［実施例３］
２号軽油６重量％にＨＬＢ８．７のポリオキシエチレンアルキルエーテルリン酸エステル（第一工業製薬株式会社製；プライサーフＡ２０８Ｆ）０．４８重量％（２号軽油に対して８重量％）を溶解し、これを実施例１と同じ多孔質プリル硝安９３．５２重量％に添加して均一に混合することにより、本発明の粒状爆薬組成物を得た。
[Example 2]
HLB6.6 polyoxyethylene alkyl ether phosphate (Daiichi Kogyo Seiyaku Co., Ltd .; Prisurf A208B) 1.02% by weight (17% by weight of No. 2 light oil) dissolved in 6% by weight of No. 2 diesel oil This was added to the same porous prill ammonium nitrate 92.98% by weight as in Example 1 and mixed uniformly to obtain the granular explosive composition of the present invention.
[Example 3]
Dissolve HLB8.7 polyoxyethylene alkyl ether phosphate ester (Daiichi Kogyo Seiyaku Co., Ltd .; Prisurf A208F) 0.48 wt% (8 wt% to No.2 diesel oil) in 6 wt% diesel oil And this was added to the same porous prill ammonium nitrate 93.52 weight% as Example 1, and it mixed uniformly, and the granular explosive composition of this invention was obtained.
［実施例４］
２号軽油６重量％にＨＬＢ８．７のポリオキシエチレンアルキルエーテルリン酸エステル（第一工業製薬株式会社製；プライサーフＡ２０８Ｆ）１．０２重量％（２号軽油に対して１７重量％）を溶解し、これを実施例１と同じ多孔質プリル硝安９２．９８重量％に添加して均一に混合することにより、本発明の粒状爆薬組成物を得た。
［実施例５］
２号軽油７重量％にＨＬＢ８．７のポリオキシエチレンアルキルエーテルリン酸エステル（第一工業製薬株式会社製；プライサーフＡ２０８Ｆ）０．０９８重量％（２号軽油に対して１．４重量％）を溶解し、これを実施例１と同じ多孔質プリル硝安９２．９０２重量％に添加して均一に混合することにより、本発明の粒状爆薬組成物を得た。
[Example 4]
HLB8.7 polyoxyethylene alkyl ether phosphate ester (Daiichi Kogyo Seiyaku Co., Ltd .; Prisurf A208F) 1.02 wt% (17 wt% with respect to No.2 light oil) was dissolved in 6 wt% of No.2 diesel oil This was added to the same porous prill ammonium nitrate 92.98% by weight as in Example 1 and mixed uniformly to obtain the granular explosive composition of the present invention.
[Example 5]
Polyoxyethylene alkyl ether phosphate ester of HLB8.7 to 7% by weight of No. 2 diesel oil (Daiichi Kogyo Seiyaku Co., Ltd .; Prisurf A208F) 0.098% by weight (1.4% by weight of No. 2 diesel oil) Was dissolved in the same porous prill ammonium nitrate 92.902% as in Example 1 and mixed uniformly to obtain the granular explosive composition of the present invention.
［実施例６］
２号軽油７重量％にＨＬＢ８．７のポリオキシエチレンアルキルエーテルリン酸エステル（第一工業製薬株式会社製；プライサーフＡ２０８Ｆ）０．２８重量％（２号軽油に対して４重量％）を溶解し、これを実施例１と同じ多孔質プリル硝安９２．７２重量％に添加して均一に混合することにより、本発明の粒状爆薬組成物を得た。
［実施例７］
２号軽油６重量％にＨＬＢ８．７のポリオキシエチレンアルキルエーテルリン酸エステル（第一工業製薬株式会社製；プライサーフＡ２０８Ｆ）０．４８重量％（２号軽油に対して８重量％）を溶解し、これを見掛け密度０．６４ｇ／ｃｍ3 、吸油率２１重量％、平均粒径１．２ｍｍの多孔質プリル硝安９３．５２重量％に添加して均一に混合することにより、本発明の粒状爆薬組成物を得た。
[Example 6]
Dissolve 0.28 wt% of polyoxyethylene alkyl ether phosphate ester of HLB8.7 (Daiichi Kogyo Seiyaku Co., Ltd .; Prisurf A208F) (4 wt% with respect to No.2 diesel oil) in 7 wt% of No.2 diesel oil This was added to 92.72% by weight of the same porous prill ammonium nitrate as in Example 1 and mixed uniformly to obtain the granular explosive composition of the present invention.
[Example 7]
Dissolve HLB8.7 polyoxyethylene alkyl ether phosphate ester (Daiichi Kogyo Seiyaku Co., Ltd .; Prisurf A208F) 0.48 wt% (8 wt% to No.2 diesel oil) in 6 wt% diesel oil By adding this to an apparent density of 0.64 g / cm 3 , an oil absorption of 21% by weight, and an average particle size of 1.2 mm of porous prill ammonium nitrate of 93.52% by weight and mixing uniformly, An explosive composition was obtained.
［比較例１］
２号軽油６重量％を見掛け密度０．６７ｇ／ｃｍ3 、吸油率１８重量％、平均粒径１．６ｍｍの多孔質プリル硝安９４重量％に添加して均一に混合することにより、公知の爆薬組成物を得た。
［比較例２］
２号軽油７重量％を見掛け密度０．６７ｇ／ｃｍ3 、吸油率１８重量％、平均粒径１．６ｍｍの多孔質プリル硝安９３重量％に添加して均一に混合することにより、公知の爆薬組成物を得た。
[Comparative Example 1]
No. 2 diesel oil 6% by weight Addition to 94% by weight of porous prill ammonium nitrate with apparent density 0.67g / cm 3 , oil absorption 18% by weight, average particle size 1.6mm A composition was obtained.
[Comparative Example 2]
No. 2 diesel oil 7% by weight Addition to 93% by weight of porous prill ammonium nitrate with an apparent density of 0.67g / cm 3 , oil absorption of 18% by weight and average particle size of 1.6mm, a known explosive A composition was obtained.
［比較例３］
２号軽油６重量％を見掛け密度０．６４ｇ／ｃｍ3 、吸油率２１重量％、平均粒径１．２ｍｍの多孔質プリル硝安９４重量％に添加して均一に混合することにより、公知の爆薬組成物を得た。
［比較例４］
２号軽油６重量％を見掛け密度０．７６ｇ／ｃｍ3 、吸油率１０重量％、平均粒径２．０ｍｍの多孔質プリル硝安９４重量％に添加して均一に混合することにより、公知の爆薬組成物を得た。
[Comparative Example 3]
No. 2 diesel oil 6% by weight Addition to an apparent density of 0.64g / cm 3 , an oil absorption of 21% by weight, and an average particle size of 1.2mm of porous prill ammonium nitrate of 94% by weight, and mixing them uniformly, a known explosive A composition was obtained.
[Comparative Example 4]
A known explosive is obtained by adding 6% by weight of No. 2 diesel oil to 94% by weight of porous prill ammonium nitrate with an apparent density of 0.76 g / cm 3 , an oil absorption of 10% by weight, and an average particle size of 2.0 mm. A composition was obtained.
これら実施例１〜７及び比較例１〜４の爆薬組成物を試料とし、爆速試験及び６号雷管の爆発衝撃に対する感度試験を実施した。爆速試験は、爆薬組成物の起爆薬として２号榎ダイナマイト５０ｇを用い、ＪＩＳ−Ｋ−４８１０；火薬類性能試験に規定される光ファイバー法による爆速試験に従って行った。また、６号雷管の爆発衝撃に対する感度試験については、ＪＩＳ−Ｋ−４８０１；産業爆薬に規定される起爆感度試験方法Ａに従って行い、６号雷管起爆後の合否判定用導爆線の爆、不爆及び試料の残量を基に衝撃感度のレベルを０、１、２の３段階に分類して表した。
表１から明らかなように、公知の爆薬組成物は高威力化すると衝撃感度も上昇しているのに対し、本発明の爆薬組成物は高威力であるにも関わらず低い衝撃感度を有している。
Using the explosive compositions of Examples 1 to 7 and Comparative Examples 1 to 4 as samples, an explosion speed test and a sensitivity test for explosion shock of No. 6 detonator were performed. The explosive speed test was conducted according to the explosive speed test by the optical fiber method specified in JIS-K-4810; explosives performance test, using 50 g of No. 2 dynamite as an explosive for the explosive composition. The sensitivity test for explosion shock of No. 6 detonator shall be conducted in accordance with JIS-K-4801: Explosion Sensitivity Test Method A stipulated in Industrial Explosives. The impact sensitivity level is classified into three levels, 0, 1, and 2, based on the explosion and the remaining amount of the sample.
As can be seen from Table 1, the impact explosive composition of the present invention has a low impact sensitivity despite the fact that the explosive composition of the present invention has a high impact, while the known explosive composition increases the impact sensitivity as the power increases. ing.
本発明の粒状爆薬組成物は高威力且つ低衝撃感度であり、産業発破に好適である。 The granular explosive composition of the present invention has high power and low impact sensitivity, and is suitable for industrial blasting.
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| CN103896695A (en) * | 2012-12-30 | 2014-07-02 | 南京理工大学 | Microporous pelletal ammonium nitrate and preparation method thereof |
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| JP2011168458A (en) * | 2010-02-22 | 2011-09-01 | Japan Carlit Co Ltd:The | Explosive composition |
| CN103896695A (en) * | 2012-12-30 | 2014-07-02 | 南京理工大学 | Microporous pelletal ammonium nitrate and preparation method thereof |
| CN103896695B (en) * | 2012-12-30 | 2016-04-20 | 南京理工大学 | Many micropores spherulitic ammonium nitrate and method for making thereof |
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