JP2008196242A - Snow melting paved body, clearance member used in it, and construction method for snow melting paved body - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a snow melting paved body, a clearance member used in it, and a construction method for the snow melting paved body for melting the snow on a road surface efficiently by increasing resistance to heat transfer when heat from a heat source moves to a roadbed side by a simple and inexpensive method. <P>SOLUTION: In this snow melting paved body 3 having a paved part 3a having a surface formed on the road surface and provided with the heat source for melting the snow accumulated on the road surface in the paved part, an air layer 32 is formed by the clearance member 31 arranged between the paved part and a roadbed S below the paved part. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2008,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention provides a snow-melting pavement that is provided on a roadbed for melting snow such as a tunnel entrance / exit in a cold district, a chain desorption site, a slope or viaduct in a multilevel parking lot, and melts snow accumulated on the road surface with heat supplied from a heat source In particular, the present invention relates to a method for constructing a gap member and a snow melting pavement used therein, and more particularly, to the snow melting pavement and the like that can prevent heat from escaping from the snow melting pavement to the roadside and can efficiently melt snow. Is.

  2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, there have been proposed snow melting pavements and snow melting devices that have a pavement portion having a surface formed on a road surface, and a heat source that melts snow accumulated on the road surface by heat. The heat source is composed of, for example, a heat radiating pipe through which a heat medium circulates.

  As an example of such a snow melting pavement or a snow melting apparatus, the one shown in FIG. 10 is known. In other words, fluid such as water, antifreeze water, air, etc., which is a heat medium with a heat source such as underground heat, electric heat, solar heat, etc. is heated to meander in a spiral or hairpin shape, increasing the contact area with the road surface. In this way, the road surface is melted by supplying and circulating the fluid with a circulation pump or the like to a heat radiating pipe stretched in the snow melting pavement.

  However, in a snow melting pavement or snow melting device in which a heat source is simply provided inside the pavement as shown in FIG. 10, the heat from the heat source is not only on the road surface side but also on the road surface side such as the ground or the frame. Since the heat is transmitted, there is a problem that the supplied heat is not efficiently used for melting snow and melting.

  In order to solve such a problem, a metal grid-like frame body is provided in the pavement to increase the thermal conductivity toward the road surface (for example, Patent Document 1). However, in such a snowmelt pavement panel described in Patent Document 1, since a metal grid-like frame must be provided in the pavement, not only the installation cost increases, but the pavement becomes obsolete. There is a maintenance problem that it gets in the way when replacing, and it is difficult to align the upper edge of the frame and the road surface of the pavement on a roadbed that is inclined or curved, and the upper edge of the frame protrudes from the road surface. There were also problems in construction and safety that it was dangerous.

  Moreover, what provided the heat insulation layer in the roadbed side below a pavement part is proposed (for example, patent documents 2, 3). In the snow melting device described in Patent Document 2, the heat insulating layer is a heat insulating member such as polystyrene foam, and in the heat insulating method described in Patent Document 3, the heat insulating layer is cement mortar containing foamable fine particles. Both are expensive and increase the installation cost. In the snow melting device of Patent Document 2, the adhesion between the pavement made of concrete, asphalt or the like and the heat insulating member made of foamed resin such as expanded polystyrene is poor, and the pavement is displaced or partially depressed. In the heat insulation method of Patent Document 3, a curing period is required until the cement mortar forming the heat insulation layer is hardened, and the number of construction days is long. There is a problem that the installation cost increases because of the increase.

Japanese Patent No. 3051087 Japanese Patent No. 3268286 JP 11-336038 A

  Therefore, the present invention solves the problems of the above-described conventional technology, and can efficiently melt snow on the road surface by increasing the heat transfer resistance by which heat from the heat source moves to the roadbed side by a simple and inexpensive method. An object of the present invention is to provide a snow melting pavement, a gap member used therefor, and a method for constructing the snow melting pavement.

  In order to solve the above-mentioned problem, the invention according to claim 1 has a pavement portion having a surface formed on a road surface, and a heat source for melting snow accumulated on the road surface with heat is provided in the pavement portion. The pavement is characterized in that an air layer is formed below the pavement by a gap member disposed between the pavement and the roadbed.

  The invention according to claim 2 is a gap member used in the snow melting pavement according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of flat main bodies and a plurality of protrusions provided on the lower surface of the main body are provided at substantially the same height. It consists of a part.

  The invention according to claim 3 is the invention according to claim 2, wherein the protrusion has a flat bottom end surface.

  According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in the invention of the second or third aspect, the protrusion is formed in a hollow shape having an open upper end, and the main body has an upper end opening of the protrusion at a portion where the protrusion is provided. An opening that communicates with the head is formed.

  The invention according to claim 5 is the invention according to any one of claims 2 to 4, characterized in that the main body and the protrusion are integrally formed of resin.

  According to the sixth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a gap member comprising a flat plate-like main body and a plurality of protrusions provided at substantially the same height on the lower surface of the main body, and the lower end surface of the protrusion is on the roadbed. And a step of arranging a heat source on the main body of the gap member, and a step of arranging a pavement portion by paving with a pavement material such as concrete so as to embed the heat source. And

  The present invention is as described above. According to the invention described in claim 1, the surface has a pavement portion formed on the road surface, and a heat source for melting snow accumulated on the road surface with heat is provided in the pavement portion. In the snow melting pavement provided, an air layer is formed below the pavement by a gap member disposed between the pavement and the roadbed, so that heat from a heat source provided in the pavement is generated. It is possible to increase the heat transfer resistance moving to the roadbed side and efficiently melt snow on the road surface. That is, the thermal conductivity of the ground and concrete is about 1.6 W / mK, the thermal conductivity of lightweight concrete is about 0.8 W / mK, and the thermal conductivity of air is about 0.0 because it is a gas. 026 W / mK is an order of magnitude, and by providing an air layer in this way, exceptional heat insulation performance can be exhibited.

  According to the second aspect of the present invention, the gap member is composed of a flat plate-like main body and a plurality of protrusions provided on the lower surface of the main body at substantially the same height. An air layer can be easily formed on the snowmelt pavement simply by placing it between the roadbed and the roadbed. Further, the gap member may have any shape as described above, and therefore can be manufactured at low cost.

  According to invention of Claim 3, in addition to the said effect, since the lower end surface is flat shape, the protrusion part becomes easy at the time of construction of a snowmelt pavement, and installation and fixation of a gap member become easy, and construction effort Reduction and shortening of construction time can be aimed at, and therefore the cost of construction can be reduced.

  According to the invention described in claim 4, in addition to the above effect, the protrusion is formed in a hollow shape having an open upper end, and the main body is an opening communicating with the upper end opening of the protrusion at a portion where the protrusion is provided. As a result, pavement materials such as concrete and asphalt used for pavement of the pavement part have entered the protruding part of the gap member, dramatically improving the adhesion between the pavement part and the gap member. Therefore, the durability of the snowmelt pavement can be improved.

  According to the invention described in claim 5, in addition to the above effect, the main body and the protruding portion are integrally formed of resin, so that it can be made inexpensive and lightweight. In addition, it is possible to transport without preparing a special lifting facility at the time of construction, and the construction cost can be reduced.

  According to the sixth aspect of the present invention, a gap member comprising a flat main body and a plurality of protrusions provided on the lower surface of the main body at substantially the same height is provided, and the lower end surface of the protrusion is a roadbed. Since it has a step of arranging so as to be in contact with each other, a step of arranging a heat source on the main body of the gap member, and a step of arranging a pavement portion by paving with a paving material such as concrete so as to embed the heat source. An air layer can be easily formed on the snow melting pavement. Therefore, the construction time of the snow melting pavement can be shortened, and an inexpensive and effective heat insulating layer can be formed on the snow melting pavement.

  An embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. Moreover, this embodiment is a type of snow melting device in which the heat source is a heat radiating pipe provided in the pavement, uses the ground heat, and circulates the circulating water in the heat radiating pipe with a circulation pump to exchange heat with the ground heat. Is shown as an example.

  FIG. 1 is an overall schematic diagram showing an overall outline of a snow melting apparatus according to an embodiment. 1 is a snow melting device, 2 is a heat excavation pile. The snow melting apparatus 1 performs heat exchange between the heat medium flowing in the pile and the surrounding ground in the ground by the heat excavation pile 2, and heat energy is applied to the snow melting pavement 3 installed on the ground surface by the heat medium. It is configured to carry and melt snow on the road surface when the snow melting pavement 3 accumulates snow. This snow-melting pavement 3 is installed at a place where snow melting is desired, such as a tunnel entrance / exit, a chain desorption site, a slope of a three-dimensional parking lot, and a viaduct.

  The snow melting device 1 includes a so-called coaxial double pipe type heat exchange excavation pile 2 having a double pipe 20 in which an inner pipe 21 is arranged coaxially in an outer pipe 22, and concrete or asphalt, and the surface is on the road surface. The snowmelt pavement 3 having the formed pavement 3a (see FIG. 2), and the heat radiating pipe 4 embedded in the pavement 3a of the snowmelt pavement 3 and arranged in a meandering manner in a hairpin curve shape. Further, the heat excavation pile 2 is connected so that the inner pipe 21 and one end of the heat radiating pipe 4 communicate with each other through the pipe 5, and the outer pipe 22 and the other end communicate with each other through the pipe 6. The heat medium is pumped and circulated in the direction of the arrow in the figure. As the heat medium according to this embodiment, circulating water is used. However, the heat medium may be a fluid, and generally a liquid such as water or antifreeze liquid or a gas such as air is used. Yes.

  As shown by arrows in FIG. 1, in the snow melting device 1, the circulating water heated by exchanging heat with the surrounding ground in the heat excavation pile 2 becomes hot water and is pumped by the pump 7 to become this hot water. The circulated water passes through the pipe 6 and reaches the heat radiating pipe 4 to exchange heat with the pavement 3a of the snowmelt pavement 3 to warm the pavement 3a and melt snow. And the circulating water cooled by the heat exchange with the pavement part 3a of the snow melting pavement 3 passes through the pipe 5 and returns to the inner pipe 21 of the heat exchange excavation pile 2, and is again underground by the heat exchange excavation pile 2. Heat exchange with the ground is carried out so that it can be warmed.

  Next, the snow melting pavement according to the present embodiment will be described in detail. FIG. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view of the snow melting pavement according to the present embodiment, and illustrates a case where the snow melting pavement is installed on the ground surface such as a parking lot or a chain desorption site. The snow melting pavement 3 includes a pavement portion 3 a having a thickness of about 160 mm and a heat insulating layer portion 3 b having a thickness of about 20 mm, and is installed on the roadbed S. In the pavement part 3a, the heat radiating pipe 4 meanderingly arranged in a hairpin curve at a predetermined depth from the road surface is embedded, and the periphery of the heat radiating pipe 4 is paved with a paving material 30. In the present embodiment, concrete is used for the pavement material 30, but other pavement materials such as asphalt may be used. Moreover, the heat insulation layer part 3b is comprised from the gap | interval member 31 which consists of the main body 31a and the protrusion part 31b which are mentioned later, and the air layer 32 formed in the clearance gap between the main body 31a and the protrusion part 31b, and the roadbed S.

Next, an example of a method for constructing a snowmelt pavement according to the present embodiment will be described in the case where the snowmelt pavement is installed on the ground surface such as a parking lot or a chain desorption site.
(1) The position where the snow melting pavement 3 is installed is determined, and the portion of the ground is scraped off according to the thickness of the snow melting pavement 3 to form the roadbed S. The roadbed S lays crushed stone on the surface layer portion as necessary and rolls it to a predetermined thickness, and places base concrete having a predetermined thickness. Placing the base concrete in this way makes it easy to position the snow melting pavement 3. (2) The gap members 31 are laid on the roadbed S without gaps and fixed with nails or the like. (3) A predetermined amount of reinforcing bars are arranged and bound in a lattice shape above the gap member 31 and installed so as to have a predetermined height with a spacer or the like. (4) The heat radiating pipe 4 is piped in a predetermined shape at a predetermined height above the gap member 31, and a pedestal or the like is provided and fixed so as not to move or float when the concrete that is the paving material 30 is placed. (5) Placing concrete and setting a curing period, forming the pavement 3a.
In addition, when using asphalt as the pavement material 30, (3 ') Asphalt of the predetermined thickness of the pavement part 3a at the time of completion according to the depth which installs the heat radiating pipe 4 after the process of (2). Pave halfway and (4 ′) radiate pipe 4 in a predetermined shape on this asphalt. (5 ') Pave the finished asphalt material and finish the surface of the road with a finisher or roller.

Next, the gap member according to the present embodiment will be described in detail. FIG. 3 is a longitudinal sectional view showing an example of a single gap member according to the present embodiment, and FIG. 4 is a perspective view of the gap member of FIG.
The gap member 31 has a flat main body 31a having a predetermined thickness (thickness of about 1 mm) and a plurality of hollow frustoconical protrusions projecting downward from the main body 31a and having a flat bottom end and opening upward. It is comprised from the part 31b. As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the protruding portion 31b is formed in a hollow portion 31c having an open upper end, and the main body 31a communicates with the upper end opening of the protruding portion 31b at a portion where the protruding portion 31b is provided. In this way, since the protrusion 31b has the hollow part 31c whose upper end is opened, the pavement material 30 is formed when the pavement part 3a is formed above the gap member 31. Can penetrate into the hollow portion 31c of the protrusion 31b of the gap member 31 and dramatically improve the adhesion between the pavement 3a and the gap member 31 and improve the durability of the snowmelt pavement 3 (FIG. 2). reference). The gap member 31 is integrally formed from a hard resin such as polyethylene by injection molding or press molding, and a predetermined number (9 in the present embodiment) of the protrusions 31b is formed as one unit. . For this reason, it has the proof stress required at the time of construction of the snowmelt pavement 3, and is cheap and lightweight. Moreover, since what united the several protrusion part 31b from hard resin, such as polyethylene, is united and formed as one unit, construction speed improves and a cutting | disconnection is easy. Therefore, the degree of freedom of the area of the snow melting pavement 3 to be installed is increased, the construction of the end portion of the snow melting pavement is easy, and the construction time can be further shortened.

  Next, the effectiveness of the heat insulation layer part of the snowmelt pavement according to the present embodiment is verified. FIG. 5 is a graph in which the transition of the amount of snow is measured by comparing the case where the snowmelt pavement of FIG. That is, two snow melting pavements 3 as described above are provided side by side on the ground surface of a certain parking lot, one is provided with the heat insulating layer 3b, and the other is not provided with the heat insulating layer 3b. It is the graph which installed the thing and measured and compared the snow cover amount on the snowmelt pavement 3 for a fixed period. As is apparent from the graph, it can be seen that when the heat insulating layer 3b is provided, the amount of snow accumulation is smaller in all cases and the snow melting ability is higher. In particular, the difference becomes significant when the amount of snow accumulation increases.

  FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view showing the measurement position of the vertical temperature distribution of the snow melting pavement according to the embodiment, and FIG. 7 is a graph of the vertical temperature distribution of the snow melting pavement showing the measurement result. As can be seen from FIG. 7, the vertical temperature distribution of the snowmelt pavement and its roadbed usually increases gradually as the depth of the ground increases, but in the snowmelt pavement 3 according to the embodiment, the heat insulating layer portion A local maximum point in which only the temperature near 3b partially protrudes to the high temperature side can be seen. In short, it is clear that heat is blocked by the heat insulating layer portion 3b, the resistance value of heat transfer increases, the heat transfer to the roadbed S side is delayed, and heat is used for melting snow on the road surface side. . As described above, the snow melting pavement 3 according to the present embodiment increases the heat transfer resistance that heat from the heat source moves to the roadbed S side by providing the heat insulating layer portion 3b, and efficiently melts snow on the road surface. It was verified that it could be done.

  Next, other uses of the gap member according to the present embodiment will be described. FIG. 8 is a longitudinal sectional view of a wall of a building structure showing another example of use of the gap member according to the present embodiment, and FIG. 9 is a building structure showing an example of use of the gap member different from FIG. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the floor of a thing. As shown in FIG. 8, when the gap member 31 according to the present embodiment is used for the outer wall surface of the RC wall of the building structure, the RC wall is arranged as usual, and then the formwork such as a concrete panel is formed. Prior to standing up, the gap member 31 is arranged inside the mold on the side of the outer wall surface thereof so that the protrusion 31b is on the outside and the hollow portion 31c is on the inside, and fixed with a nail or the like. Then, an air layer can be easily formed on the outer wall by setting up the formwork, placing concrete as usual, and attaching a finishing material or the like of the outer wall to the flat surface of the protrusion 31b.

  As shown in FIG. 9, when the gap member 31 is used for a floor slab of a building structure to form a hollow slab, the gap member 31 is on the slab 1 with the main body 31a on the upper side and the protrusion 31b on the lower side. Install as follows. And the slab 2 is laid on it. At this time, the slab 2 may be an RC slab formed by placing concrete and placing concrete as usual, or may be a floor finishing material such as mortar. Further, as shown in the figure, any number of layers may be stacked as necessary, such as a two-layer stack.

  As described above, since the gap member according to the present embodiment is used for the wall or floor of the building structure, an air layer can be easily formed on the building structure, so the gap member according to the present embodiment. The heat insulation of the building structure using can be improved. Therefore, the energy consumption of air conditioning of a building structure can be reduced. Further, since the building structure can be made light by forming the air layer, the construction cost can be reduced and the earthquake resistance can be improved. In general, a double wall (floor) with a hollow layer (air layer) can increase the transmission loss in the mid-high range compared to a single-layer wall (floor) with the same surface density. The sound insulation performance can be improved. By the way, there is a so-called coincidence effect in which the transmission loss in the vicinity of the resonance frequency of the wall material (floor material) is significantly lower than the mass law. By using the gap member 31 for a building structure, the thickness of the air layer can be sufficiently increased to about 20 mm, and it can be formed of different materials such as concrete and finishing material and insulated. Sound insulation can be effectively performed. If this air layer is filled with a sound absorbing material such as glass wool, the transmission loss increases over the entire frequency band, and the sound insulation can be improved.

  As described above, the snow melting apparatus 1 is the heat radiating pipe 4 whose heat source is provided in the pavement portion 3a, and uses the underground heat and circulates the circulating water in the heat radiating pipe 4 with the circulation pump 7 in the ground. Although a snow melting device of a type that exchanges heat with heat has been described as an example, this is only a preferable example, and instead of using a heat excavation pile and using geothermal heat, a solar water heater As described above, the circulating water may be warmed by sunlight, or the resistance heating element may be heated by Joule heat by arranging a heating wire instead of the heat radiating pipe 4 and energizing. In short, the heat source for warming the snow melting pavement 3 can be replaced with the conventional technique, and even in that case, it is clear that the same effect is obtained. Of course, the term “melting snow” includes the action of deicing the ice on the road surface and the action of removing snow from the snow.

  Moreover, although the case where the snowmelt pavement 3 is installed on the ground surface such as a parking lot or a chain desorption place has been described, this is also a preferable example to the last, and the snowmelt pavement is a slope or viaduct of a multilevel parking lot. Etc. may be provided. That is, the roadbed may be a building structure such as a concrete frame. And when the roadbed is a concrete frame, that is, when heavy objects such as vehicles pass through the road surface and sound is transmitted downward, the snowmelt pavement vibrates. Although there is a problem that noise is generated, according to the present invention, as described above, by forming an air layer, a snow-melting pavement having sound insulation that is effective against the coincidence effect is provided. be able to.

  In addition, in the said embodiment, the shape, structure, etc. of members, such as the snow melting apparatus 1, the heat excavation excavation pile 2, the snow melting pavement 3, the heat radiating pipe 4, and the gap | interval member 31, shown with drawing etc. are a preferable example to the last. In the implementation, design changes and modifications can be arbitrarily made within the scope of the claims.

1 is an overall schematic diagram showing a snow melting device according to an embodiment of the present invention. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the snow melting pavement of the snow melting apparatus of FIG. FIG. 3 is a longitudinal sectional view of the gap member in FIG. 2. FIG. 4 is a perspective view of the gap member of FIG. 3. It is the graph which measured transition of the amount of snow accumulation comparing the case where a heat insulation layer does not exist in the snowmelt pavement of FIG. It is sectional drawing showing the measurement position of the vertical temperature distribution of the snowmelt pavement which concerns on embodiment. It is a graph of the vertical temperature distribution of the snowmelt pavement showing the measurement result of FIG. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the wall of the building structure which shows the other usage example of the gap | interval member which concerns on this Embodiment. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the floor of a building structure which shows the usage example different from FIG. 8 of a gap | interval member. It is a whole schematic diagram which shows the snow melting apparatus which concerns on a prior art example.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Snow melting apparatus 3 Snow melting pavement 3a Pavement part 3b Heat insulation layer part 30 Pavement material 31 Gap member 31a Main body 31b Projection part 31c Hollow part 31d Opening 32 Air layer

Claims (6)

  A snow melting pavement having a pavement portion having a surface formed on a road surface, and a heat source for melting snow accumulated on the road surface by heat in the pavement portion, wherein the pavement portion and the roadbed are below the pavement portion. A snow melting pavement characterized in that an air layer is formed by a gap member disposed between the two.   A gap member used in the snowmelt pavement according to claim 1, comprising a flat plate-like main body and a plurality of protrusions provided at substantially the same height on the lower surface of the main body. Gap member.   The gap member according to claim 2, wherein the protrusion has a flat bottom end surface.   4. The gap member according to claim 2, wherein the protrusion is formed in a hollow shape with an upper end opened, and the main body is formed with an opening communicating with the upper end opening of the protrusion at a portion where the protrusion is provided. A gap member.   The gap member according to any one of claims 2 to 4, wherein the main body and the protrusion are integrally formed of resin.   A step of disposing a gap member comprising a flat main body and a plurality of protrusions provided on the lower surface of the main body at substantially the same height so that a lower end surface of the protrusion contacts the roadbed; A method for constructing a snowmelt pavement, comprising: a step of arranging a heat source on a main body of a gap member; and a step of arranging a pavement portion by paving with a pavement material such as concrete so as to bury the heat source.

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