JP2008193136A - Communication terminal and communication control method - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To maintain the fairness of resource consumption across a whole network by preventing unnecessary congestion in the network while maintaining the basic operation of an OLSR. <P>SOLUTION: Each communication terminal 10 is provided with a resource consumption monitor module 106 for monitoring whether or not self or peripheral resource consumption exceeds a predetermined threshold; and an MPR refusal notification module 105 for transmitting refusal notification to the transmission origin of notification when the resource consumption exceeds the predetermined threshold upon receiving the MPR selection notification as an MPR selected side function. Also, each communication terminal 10 is provided with the preparation function of an adjacent terminal list and a 2 hop neighbor list and an MPR management module 103 for selecting an MPR communication terminal, and for giving MPR selection notification to the selected MPR communication terminal, and for, when receiving the MPR refusal notification, removing any refused entry relating to the adjacent terminal from the adjacent terminal list and the 2 hop neighbor list, and for reselecting the MPR communication terminal as the MPR selection side function. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2008,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a communication terminal existing in an ad hoc network in which OLSR is adopted as a routing protocol, and a communication control method executed between the communication terminals.

  So-called OLSR (Optimized Link State Routing Protocol: see Non-Patent Document 1) is a typical routing protocol of a proactive routing protocol in a mobile ad hoc network (MANET). This OLSR is designed to reduce the transmission load of the control packet of the existing run-state routing protocol (see Non-Patent Document 2), and to suppress the resource consumption due to the propagation of the control packet in MANET with few resources. Such OLSR is characterized by selecting a communication terminal called Multi Point Relay (MPR) (hereinafter referred to as “MPR communication terminal”) and generating, propagating, processing, and transferring control packets only by the MPR communication terminal. . As a result, communication terminals other than MPR communication terminals can significantly reduce resource consumption in the network by not generating control packets.

  Incidentally, in an ad hoc network, a load distribution method has not been proposed so much, and only a QoS-oriented routing method for avoiding congestion due to load concentration has been proposed. For example, in the case of a real-time application or the like that requires high QoS conditions, a low-load, high-bandwidth, and low-interference path is selected according to the request of the real-time application (Non-Patent Document 3). 4). However, this method can be said to be a method of bypassing a route in which congestion occurs for the real-time application rather than preventing congestion due to load concentration. In addition, in this method, the transmission source monitors the entire route, and the determination of route switching is also performed by the transmission source, so that the load on the transmission source increases and the switching of the route takes time.

Non-Patent Document 5 describes a method in which a load state of a communication terminal is defined by the number of sessions passing through the communication terminal, and a communication terminal having a large number of sessions (that is, a high load) is removed from the route. ing. However, since the load status greatly depends on the packet rate of the session and the processing capability of the communication terminal, the number of sessions alone is insufficient to represent the load status of the communication terminal. Further, since the technique described in Non-Patent Document 5 is for an on-demand type routing protocol, it is difficult to adapt to the OLSR which is a precondition of the present invention.
T. Clausen, P. Jacquet, “Optimized Link State Routing Protocol (OLSR)”, RFC 3626, October, 2003. J. Moy, “OSPF Version 2,” RFC2328, April 1998. H. Badis, K. Al Agha, “An Efficient QOLSR Extension Protocol For QoS in Ad hoc Networks,” The 60th IEEE Vehicular Technology Conference (VTC2004-fall), Vol. 4, pp. 2650-2653, 26-29 Sept. , 2004. Dang-Quan Nguyen, P. Minet, “Interference-aware QoS OLSR for mobile ad-hoc network routing,” IEEE 6th Intl. Conference on Software Engineering, Artificial Intelligence, Network and Parallel / Distributed Computing, pp.428-435, 23 -25 May, 2005. A. Zhou, H. Hassanein, “Load-balanced wireless ad hoc routing,” IEEE Canadian Conference on Electrical and Computer Engineering, Vol. 2, pp.1157-1161, 13-16 May, 2001.

  In OLSR, network resources, particularly bandwidth consumption, can be reduced by generating and transferring control packets and advertising links between communication terminals only by MPR communication terminals, but from the destination to the destination. There is a problem that the route (so-called e2e route) is created only by the MPR communication terminal. In the first place, the original purpose of defining the MPR communication terminal is to localize the control packet. However, in any e2e route, since all the intermediate communication terminals are composed of MPR communication terminals, all the data packets are also MPR. It will be transferred only by the communication terminal.

  In addition, since it is a condition for minimizing the load caused by the control packet to minimize the number of MPR communication terminals, the routing of data traffic executed by a small number of MPR communication terminals is unnecessary congestion in the network. In addition, since a large amount of power is consumed by a small number of communication terminals, unfairness in the network is created.

  On the other hand, it is conceivable to increase the number of MPR communication terminals. In this case, however, a problem arises that a large amount of bandwidth in the radio space is consumed due to an increase in the amount of control packets.

  Therefore, the present invention has been made to solve the above-described problems, and while maintaining the basic OLSR mechanism, it prevents unnecessary congestion in the network and ensures fairness of resource consumption over the entire network. The purpose is to keep.

  In order to achieve the above object, a communication terminal according to the present invention is a communication terminal that exists in an ad hoc network adopting OLSR as a routing protocol, and relays from its own communication terminal as a function on the MPR selection side. The presence of the neighboring terminal is confirmed by broadcasting the neighboring terminal confirmation message for confirming the existence of the neighboring terminal as another communication terminal capable of communicating without any error and detecting the response to the broadcast. Neighboring terminal confirmation means for creating a neighboring terminal list describing neighboring terminals, and by exchanging the neighboring terminal list created by the neighboring terminal confirmation means with neighboring communication terminals, the communication terminal can communicate with itself in the ad hoc network. Communication without relay is impossible, and communication is not possible through relay by one of the adjacent terminals. A 2-hop neighbor list that confirms the existence of a 2-hop neighbor as another possible communication terminal and creates a 2-hop neighbor list in which the confirmed 2-hop neighbor is associated with the neighboring terminal related to the relay The minimum number of neighboring terminals required to enable communication by relay to all the two hop neighbors whose existence has been confirmed by the creating means and the own communication terminal by the two-hop neighbor list creating means When an MPR communication terminal is selected from the adjacent terminal list, the selected MPR communication terminal is notified of MPR selection, and a rejection notification for rejecting MPR selection is received from the selected MPR communication terminal. The neighboring terminal that has made the rejection notification is excluded from the neighboring terminal list and relayed by the neighboring terminal that has made the rejection notification. MPR management means for reselecting the MPR communication terminal after excluding the adjacent two-hop neighbor and the adjacent terminal that has made the relevant rejection notification from the 2-hop neighbor list, As a function, resource consumption monitoring means for monitoring whether or not the resource consumption of the communication terminal and / or the resource consumption in the network around the communication terminal is over a predetermined threshold And when the resource consumption monitoring means determines that the resource consumption exceeds a predetermined threshold when the notification of MPR selection is received, to the communication terminal that is the transmission source of the notification MPR rejection notification means for transmitting the rejection notification.

  The communication control method according to the present invention is a communication control method executed between communication terminals existing in an ad hoc network adopting OLSR as a routing protocol, and the communication terminal on the MPR selection side communicates with itself. The presence of the neighboring terminal is confirmed by broadcasting a neighboring terminal confirmation message for confirming the existence of the neighboring terminal as another communication terminal that can communicate without relay from the terminal, and detecting a response to the broadcast. A neighboring terminal confirmation step for creating a neighboring terminal list describing neighboring terminals for which confirmation has been confirmed, and the communication terminal on the MPR selection side exchanges the neighboring terminal list created in the neighboring terminal confirmation step with neighboring communication terminals Communication without relay from its own communication terminal in the ad hoc network It is impossible to confirm the existence of a two-hop neighbor as another communication terminal that can communicate by relaying with one neighboring terminal, and the two-hop neighbor that has been confirmed to exist is associated with the neighboring terminal related to the relay. The two-hop neighbor list creation step for creating the two-hop neighbor list, and the communication terminal on the MPR selection side adds all the two-hop neighbors whose existence has been confirmed by the two-hop neighbor list creation step from its own communication terminal. On the other hand, a selection notification for selecting the minimum MPR communication terminal as the adjacent terminal necessary for enabling communication by relay from the adjacent terminal list and notifying the selected MPR communication terminal of MPR selection. Step, and the communication terminal on the MPR selected side determines the resource consumption of its own communication terminal and the network around its own communication terminal. For both or one of the resource consumptions in the network, it is monitored whether the resource consumption exceeds a predetermined threshold, and when the notification of MPR selection is received, the resource consumption is a predetermined threshold And a rejection notification step of transmitting a rejection notification for rejecting MPR selection to the communication terminal that is the transmission source of the notification, and when the communication terminal on the MPR selection side receives the rejection notification 2 hop neighbors that can communicate by relaying by the neighboring terminal that has made the refusal notification and the associated neighboring terminals that have made the refusal notification related are excluded from the neighboring terminal list. And a reselection step of selecting the MPR communication terminal again after removing it from the list.

  According to the communication terminal or the communication control method described above, the communication terminal on the MPR selection side confirms the existence of an adjacent terminal, creates an adjacent terminal list describing the adjacent terminal, and further confirms the existence of a 2-hop neighbor. Then, a two-hop neighbor list in which the two-hop neighbor is described in association with the adjacent terminal related to the relay is created. Then, the communication terminal on the MPR selection side selects the MPR communication terminal as the minimum adjacent terminal necessary for enabling communication by relay to all of the two hop neighbors from its own communication terminal from the adjacent terminal list. Then, the selected MPR communication terminal is notified of MPR selection. Thus, the basic mechanism of OLSR can be maintained. By the way, the communication terminal monitors whether or not the resource consumption exceeds a predetermined threshold for both or one of the resource consumption of the communication terminal and the resource consumption in the network around the communication terminal. Yes. Therefore, when the MPR selected communication terminal receives the notification of the MPR selection, if the resource consumption exceeds a predetermined threshold, the communication terminal of the notification transmission source Send rejection notification. When the communication terminal on the MPR selection side receives the refusal notification, the adjacent terminal that has made the refusal notification is excluded from the adjacent terminal list, and the two-hop neighbor and the association that can communicate by relaying by the adjacent terminal that has made the refusal notification The MPR communication terminal is selected again after excluding the adjacent terminal that has been notified of the rejection from the 2-hop neighbor list.

  As described above, when the communication terminal on the MPR selected side receives the notification indicating that the MPR is selected, if the resource consumption exceeds a predetermined threshold, the communication terminal that rejects the notification is rejected. Since the notification is transmitted, unnecessary congestion in the communication terminal on the MPR selected side or in the vicinity thereof can be prevented. The communication terminal on the MPR selection side that has received the rejection notification excludes the adjacent terminal that has made the rejection notification from the adjacent terminal list, and is associated with a two-hop neighbor that can communicate by relaying with the adjacent terminal that has made the rejection notification. In addition, since the MPR communication terminal is selected again after excluding the neighboring terminal that has made the rejection notification from the 2-hop neighbor list, load distribution within the network is achieved, and fairness of resource consumption over the entire network can be maintained. it can.

  The communication terminal according to the present invention further includes selection terminal management means for managing a selection terminal list as a list in which a communication terminal of a transmission source for notification of MPR selection is described as a function on the MPR selected side. The MPR refusal notification means selects the managed terminal managed by the selected terminal management means when the resource consumption monitoring means determines that the resource consumption exceeds a predetermined threshold during communication with a selected terminal. It is preferable that a rejection notification is transmitted to a selection terminal other than the selection terminal in communication among the selection terminals described in the list. Accordingly, the communication terminal on the MPR selected side rejects a selection terminal other than the selected terminal in communication even when the resource consumption exceeds a predetermined threshold during communication with a certain selected terminal. A notification can be transmitted, and unnecessary congestion at or around the communication terminal on the MPR selected side can be prevented.

  Further, in the communication terminal according to the present invention, when the MPR management unit receives the rejection notification, the adjacent two-hop neighbors that can communicate by relaying by the adjacent terminal that has made the rejection notification and the associated rejection notification You may employ | adopt the structure which excludes the said 2 hop neighbor by deleting a terminal from a 2 hop neighbor list | wrist. As a result, it is possible to reliably exclude a two-hop neighbor that can communicate by relaying with an adjacent terminal that has made a rejection notification.

  Further, in the communication terminal according to the present invention, the MPR management means further associates a two-hop neighbor capable of communication by relaying with an adjacent terminal that holds MPR selection for a certain holding time with the adjacent terminal related to the relay. 2 hop neighbors that can communicate by relaying by the neighboring terminal that has made the refusal notification and the associated neighboring terminal that has made the refusal notice associated with the two hop neighbors. By moving from the list to the hold list, the 2-hop neighbor is excluded, and when the rejection notification is received continuously from the same adjacent terminal, the hold time is controlled so that the hold time for the adjacent terminal becomes longer A configuration may be adopted. As a result, when the rejection notification is continuously received from the same adjacent terminal, that is, when congestion occurs for a long time in the adjacent terminal or the vicinity thereof, the hold time for the adjacent terminal becomes long. It is possible to more effectively prevent congestion at an adjacent terminal or its surroundings.

  According to the present invention, it is possible to maintain the fairness of resource consumption over the entire network while preventing unnecessary congestion in the network while maintaining the basic mechanism of OLSR.

  Embodiments according to the present invention will be described below.

[Configuration of wireless network and communication terminal]
As shown in FIG. 1, a wireless network 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a plurality of communication terminals 10A, 10B,... 10H (hereinafter collectively referred to as “communication terminal 10”). In FIG. 1, a line connecting the communication terminals 10 (hereinafter referred to as “side”) means a bidirectional link, and means that the communication terminals 10 at both ends of the side are located in a range where they can communicate with each other. One side is called one hop, and another communication terminal that can directly communicate with a certain communication terminal is called an adjacent terminal (so-called one-hop neighbor). That is, the communication terminals 10 that are not connected to each other cannot communicate directly.

  The communication terminal 10 is an information processing apparatus including a CPU, a memory, a data input / output unit, and a communication interface as a hardware configuration. Specifically, the communication terminal 10 can be constituted by various communication devices such as a mobile phone, a PDA and a personal computer equipped with a communication interface, and may be a so-called fixed communication terminal or a mobile communication terminal. It may be.

  Next, the functional block configuration of the communication terminal 10 will be described. As shown in FIG. 2, the communication terminal 10 broadcasts an adjacent terminal confirmation message for confirming the existence of an adjacent terminal and detects a response to the broadcast as a function on the MPR selection side. An adjacent terminal confirmation module 101 (adjacent terminal confirmation means) that creates an adjacent terminal list that has been confirmed and has been confirmed to be present is exchanged with an adjacent communication terminal so-called an adjacent terminal confirmation module 101 (adjacent terminal confirmation means). Confirm the existence of two-hop neighbors (that is, other communication terminals that cannot communicate without relay from their own communication terminals in the wireless network 1 and can communicate by relaying by one adjacent terminal) A 2-hop neighbor list that creates a 2-hop neighbor list that describes the linked 2-hop neighbors in association with neighboring terminals involved in relaying. Neighbor list creation module 102 (two-hop neighbor list creation means) and a so-called MPR communication terminal (that is, the minimum necessary for enabling communication from the own communication terminal to all of the two-hop neighbors via relay) When a rejection notification for rejecting MPR selection is received from the selected MPR communication terminal, the rejection notification is received. After excluding the neighboring terminal that has performed the communication from the neighboring terminal list, and excluding the associated two-hop neighbor that can communicate by relaying by the neighboring terminal that has made the rejection notification and the associated neighboring terminal that has made the rejection notification from the two-hop neighbor list And an MPR management module 103 (MPR management means) for selecting an MPR communication terminal again. .

  In addition, as a function of the MPR selected side, the communication terminal 10 has a predetermined threshold value for the resource consumption amount of both or one of the resource consumption of the communication terminal and the resource consumption in the network around the communication terminal. A list describing a resource consumption monitoring module 106 (resource consumption monitoring means) for monitoring whether or not it exceeds, and a communication terminal (Multipoint Relay Selector (so-called MS)) as a transmission source for notification of MPR selection (the present invention) The MS management module 104 (selected terminal management means) for managing the selected terminal list (hereinafter referred to as “MS list”) and the resource consumption monitoring module 106 when receiving a notification of MPR selection are received. When it is determined that the consumption amount exceeds a predetermined threshold, a rejection notification is transmitted to the communication terminal that is the transmission source of the notification. When the resource consumption monitoring module 106 determines that the resource consumption exceeds a predetermined threshold value during communication with a certain MS, the MSs listed in the MS list are assigned to MSs other than the communicating MS. And an MPR rejection notification module 105 (MPR rejection notification means) for transmitting a rejection notification.

  Hereinafter, the correction of the operation of the functional module as described above will be described.

  As the adjacent terminal confirmation message broadcast by the adjacent terminal confirmation module 101, for example, a HELLO packet in OLSR is adopted. The adjacent terminal confirmation module 101 inserts an ID (for example, IP address) that can identify its own communication terminal 10 into the HELLO packet and broadcasts it, and other communication terminals that have received the HELLO packet also receive their own HELLO packet. The ID is broadcast in the HELLO packet. At this time, if the adjacent terminal confirmation module 101 of the communication terminal 10 that broadcasts first receives the HELLO packet and its own ID is inserted in the HELLO packet, the communication terminal 10 and the other communication terminals It can be confirmed that there are two-way links. By the operation based on such an OLSR basic mechanism, the neighboring terminal confirmation module 101 confirms the existence of the neighboring terminal and creates a neighboring terminal list in which the neighboring terminals whose existence has been confirmed are described.

  The two-hop neighbor list creation module 102 inserts the created neighboring terminal list together with its own ID into the HELLO packet and exchanges it with a neighboring communication terminal, thereby performing an operation based on the basic mechanism of OLSR. Communication without relay is impossible, and the existence of a two-hop neighbor as another communication terminal that can communicate by relay by one adjacent terminal is confirmed. For example, when the two-hop neighbor list creation module 102 receives a neighboring terminal list created by the neighboring terminal from a certain neighboring terminal, the neighboring terminal list of the communication terminals described in the received neighboring terminal list Can be recognized as a two-hop neighbor, excluding the communication terminal described in the above (that is, the adjacent terminal for itself) and the own communication terminal. Thereafter, the 2-hop neighbor list creation module 102 creates and stores a 2-hop neighbor list in which 2-hop neighbors whose existence has been confirmed are described in association with neighboring terminals involved in relaying as shown in FIG. 4, for example.

  The MPR management module 103 selects, from the adjacent terminal list, an MPR communication terminal as a minimum adjacent terminal necessary for enabling communication by relay to all of the two-hop neighbors from its own communication terminal. For example, the communication terminal located at the central position S in FIG. 3 relays only the selected MPR communication terminal by selecting only the four adjacent terminals hatched among the adjacent terminals as MPR communication terminals. Communication with 2 hop neighbors is possible. Therefore, for the communication terminal located at the central position S, only the four adjacent terminals that are hatched can be selected as MPR communication terminals.

  In addition, the MPR management module 103 notifies the selected MPR communication terminal that MPR is selected. For example, the ID of the selected MPR communication terminal may be inserted into the HELLO message and broadcast.

  If the ID of the communication terminal of the MS management module 104 is inserted in the HELLO message as the ID of the selected MPR communication terminal, the communication terminal that is the transmission source of the HELLO message is considered to be the MS. Therefore, the ID of the transmission source communication terminal is added to the MS list.

  The resource consumption monitoring module 106 constantly monitors whether or not the resource consumption exceeds a predetermined threshold for both or one of the resource consumption of the communication terminal and the resource consumption in the network around the communication terminal. To do. Here, as the resource consumption amount of its own communication terminal, for example, the CPU usage rate, the memory usage amount, the number of waiting packets in the interface queue (so-called queue length), and the like can be considered. As the resource consumption in the network around its own communication terminal, the bandwidth and delay in the link to the adjacent terminal can be considered. In the present embodiment, the resource consumption monitoring module 106 always monitors whether or not the queue length exceeds a predetermined threshold value in consideration of ease of implementation. However, what is adopted as the resource consumption amount is arbitrary, and a plurality of indexes among the above may be used.

  Here, the route creation operation in the wireless network executed by the MPR communication terminal will be outlined. However, the route creation operation in the present embodiment is based on the existing technology related to OLSR described in Non-Patent Document 1.

  A certain MPR communication terminal generates a message (so-called TC message) for advertising a link between itself and its own MS (so-called MPR-MS link), and the generated TC message is stored in its own MS list. Is sent to all MSs. When there is another MPR communication terminal among the MSs that have received this TC message, the other MPR communication terminal transfers the received TC message to all the MSs in its MS list. In this way, only the MPR communication terminal generates a TC message and transfers the generated TC message to all MSs in its own MS list. Communication terminals other than MPR communication terminals do not generate or transfer TC messages, but only receive TC messages. According to such a rule, it is possible to greatly reduce the consumption of a bandwidth (Band Width) required for generation and transfer of a control signal in MANET.

  After the transfer of the TC message as described above, each communication terminal (each communication terminal including both the MPR communication terminal and a communication terminal other than the MPR communication terminal) is connected to the 2-hop neighbor as shown in FIG. By referring to the list, a route to reach the corresponding 2-hop neighbor via the adjacent terminal is obtained from the set of the associated adjacent terminal and 2-hop neighbor. In addition, each communication terminal adds a link between MPR-MS in the TC message advertised from the two-hop neighbor to the already obtained route to the two-hop neighbor, thereby communicating at a three-hop distance. Find the route to the terminal. Similarly, each communication terminal adds the link between the MPR-MS in the TC message advertised from the communication terminal at the 3-hop distance to the already obtained route to the communication terminal at the 3-hop distance. Thus, the route to the communication terminal at a 4-hop distance is obtained. Thereafter, each communication terminal obtains a route to all the communication terminals that can be reached in the wireless network by repeating the above operation.

  The present invention has been made for the purpose of maintaining the fairness of resource consumption over the entire network while preventing unnecessary congestion in the network while maintaining the basic mechanism of OLSR as described above.

  Specifically, if the communication terminal on the MPR selected side receives a notification to the effect of MPR selection and the resource consumption exceeds a predetermined threshold, the communication terminal that rejects the notification is rejected. By transmitting the notification, unnecessary congestion in the communication terminal on the MPR selected side or in the vicinity thereof is prevented. The communication terminal on the MPR selection side that has received the rejection notification excludes the adjacent terminal that has made the rejection notification from the adjacent terminal list, and is associated with a two-hop neighbor that can communicate by relaying with the adjacent terminal that has made the rejection notification. In addition, by excluding the neighboring terminal that has made the rejection notification from the 2-hop neighbor list and selecting the MPR communication terminal again, load distribution within the network is achieved, and the fairness of resource consumption throughout the network is maintained.

[Communication terminal operation]
Hereinafter, the operation of the communication terminal according to the present embodiment will be described. Here, using FIG. 5, between the communication terminal on the MPR selection side (hereinafter abbreviated as “MPR selection side”) and the communication terminal on the MPR selection side (hereinafter abbreviated as “MPR selection side”). The processing operation to be performed will be described.

  First, on the MPR selection side, the adjacent terminal confirmation module 101 broadcasts an adjacent terminal confirmation message and detects a response to the broadcast, thereby confirming the existence of the adjacent terminal, and describing the adjacent terminal whose existence has been confirmed. A terminal list is created (step S1 in FIG. 5), and the two-hop neighbor list creation module 102 confirms the existence of a two-hop neighbor by exchanging the created neighboring terminal list with a peripheral communication terminal. A two-hop neighbor list in which the two-hop neighbors described are associated with the adjacent terminals related to the relay is created (step S2).

  Then, the MPR management module 103 selects an MPR communication terminal from the adjacent terminal list as described above (step S3), and notifies the selected MPR communication terminal that MPR is selected (step S4).

  On the other hand, on the MPR selected side, the resource consumption monitoring module 106 constantly monitors whether or not the queue length exceeds a predetermined threshold as an example of the resource consumption as described above, and is notified in S4 above. When the MPR selection notification is received (step R1), the resource consumption monitoring module 106 determines that the queue length exceeds a predetermined threshold at that time (in the case of an affirmative determination in step R2). The MPR rejection notification module 105 transmits a rejection notification for rejecting MPR selection to the transmission source (MPR selection side) of the notification (step R3).

  On the other hand, if one MPR selection side does not receive the MPR rejection notification within a predetermined time after the notification in S4, the MPR selection side is determined as the MPR communication terminal. On the other hand, when an MPR rejection notification is received from the MPR selected side (when an affirmative determination is made in step S5), the MPR management module 103 deletes the MPR selected side that has made the MPR rejection notification from the adjacent terminal list, and MPR selected The 2-hop neighbor associated with the selection side is deleted from the 2-hop neighbor list (step S6), and the process returns to S3 to select the MPR communication terminal again. Thereafter, the processing after S4 is performed.

  For example, in the case of the 2-hop neighbor list shown in FIG. 4, when the MPR selection side (communication terminal 10A in FIG. 1) receives the MPR rejection notification from the MPR selection side (communication terminal 10C), in S6 in FIG. The three entries “CE”, “CF”, and “CG” in the list of FIG. 4 are deleted. As a result, only two entries “B-E” and “DG” remain, so that B is reached to reach E and D is selected as a new MPR to reach G, and traffic from A However, it does not pass through C and no new load is generated on C. In this case, there is no route to F, but this is based on a policy not to start a new session (call admission) in order to prevent quality degradation of all existing sessions due to an increase in C load and congestion. It is.

  By the way, when the MPR selected side determines that the queue length does not exceed the predetermined threshold at the time when the notification of MPR selection is received (in the case of negative determination in step R2), the MS management module 104 The MPR selection side ID is added to the MS list (step R4), and the MPR selection side is treated as a normal MS.

  Thereafter, the MPR selected side operates as an MPR communication terminal in OLSR and performs data communication with the MS (step R5). Even during the execution of this data communication, the resource consumption monitoring module 106 constantly monitors whether or not the queue length exceeds a predetermined threshold value, and determines that the queue length exceeds the predetermined threshold value ( In the case of an affirmative determination in step R6), the MPR rejection notification module 105 causes the MS management module 104 to delete the MS other than the other party MS of the data communication from the MS list (step R7) An MPR rejection notification is transmitted to the MS (that is, the MS other than the MS of the data communication partner) (step R8). Note that the MPR rejection notification message here is, for example, a new link indicating MPR rejection in an 8-bit link code column or Willingness column in the common format of the OLSR HELLO message shown in FIG. It can be generated by inserting a code and inserting the address of the MS to be rejected in the address field (Neighbor Interface Address).

  When the load reaches the threshold for the MS that may communicate data in the future by the processing of the above steps R7 and R8, new data can be obtained by refusing the MPR service in advance. Further increase in load due to transfer requests can be prevented in advance.

  According to the above embodiment, when the communication terminal on the MPR selected side receives the notification indicating that the MPR is selected, when the resource consumption exceeds a predetermined threshold, the source of the notification is transmitted. Since the rejection notification is transmitted to the communication terminal, it is possible to prevent unnecessary congestion at or around the communication terminal on the MPR selected side. The communication terminal on the MPR selection side that has received the rejection notification excludes the adjacent terminal that has made the rejection notification from the adjacent terminal list, and is associated with a two-hop neighbor that can communicate by relaying with the adjacent terminal that has made the rejection notification. In addition, since the MPR communication terminal is selected again after excluding the neighboring terminal that has made the rejection notification from the 2-hop neighbor list, load distribution within the network is achieved, and fairness of resource consumption over the entire network can be maintained. it can.

  In addition, even if the resource consumption exceeds a predetermined threshold during communication with a selected terminal, the communication terminal on the MPR selected side sends a rejection notification to a selected terminal other than the selected terminal that is in communication. Therefore, it is possible to prevent unnecessary congestion at the communication terminal on the MPR selected side or in the vicinity thereof.

[Modification]
Subsequently, a modification of the communication terminal according to the present embodiment will be described.

  When receiving the MPR rejection notification, the MPR selection side of the above embodiment deletes the entry related to the MPR of the source of the MPR rejection notification from the 2-hop neighbor list in step S6 of the processing operation of FIG. However, here, instead of deleting the entry, the following modification may be adopted.

  In other words, the MPR management module 103 in FIG. 1 sets the two-hop neighbor to be reserved (that is, the two-hop neighbor that can communicate by the relay by the neighboring terminal that holds the MPR selection for a certain holding time) to the neighboring terminal related to the relay. In addition to managing the hold list described in association with each other, when a rejection notification is received, it is configured to move a 2-hop neighbor that can be communicated by relaying by an adjacent terminal that has made an MPR rejection notification from the 2-hop neighbor list to the hold list. May be.

  The length of the holding time may be a predetermined value, or an adjacent terminal that transmits the MPR rejection notification may be designated in the MPR rejection notification. However, when MPR rejection notifications are continuously received from the same adjacent terminal after the hold time has elapsed, it is desirable to set the next hold time to be longer than the previous hold time. For example, a rule based on exponential backoff such as setting the next hold time to be an integral multiple (for example, twice) of the previous hold time may be adopted as the hold time setting rule. .

  As a result, when the rejection notification is continuously received from the same adjacent terminal, that is, when congestion occurs for a long time in the adjacent terminal or the vicinity thereof, the hold time for the adjacent terminal becomes long. It is possible to more effectively prevent congestion at an adjacent terminal or its surroundings.

  Here, when the adjacent terminal specifies the hold time in the MPR rejection notification, it is desirable to specify the hold time according to the load state in the adjacent terminal itself or in the vicinity thereof. That is, when it is predicted that a high load state in the adjacent terminal itself or in the vicinity thereof is expected to last for a long time, it is desirable that the adjacent terminal is configured to specify a long holding time.

  When a certain neighboring terminal is no longer a neighboring terminal because it cannot be confirmed by the HELLO message, the entry related to the neighboring terminal is deleted from the MPR holding list regardless of the set holding time.

  Also, the routing table can be recalculated not only when there is a change in any of the entries in the adjacent terminal list, 2-hop neighbor list, and MS list, but also when there is a change in the entry in the MPR hold list. desirable.

1 is a schematic diagram of a wireless network according to an embodiment of the invention. It is a functional block block diagram of the communication terminal which concerns on embodiment of invention. It is a figure for demonstrating the MPR selection operation | movement of a communication terminal. It is a figure which shows an example of a 2-hop neighbor list. It is a flowchart which shows the processing operation which concerns on embodiment of invention. It is a figure for demonstrating the message format of a MPR rejection notification.

Explanation of symbols

  DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Wireless network, 10 ... Communication terminal, 101 ... Neighboring terminal confirmation module, 102 ... 2-hop neighbor list creation module, 103 ... MPR management module, 104 ... MS management module, 105 ... MPR rejection notification module, 106 ... Resource consumption monitoring module.

Claims (5)

A communication terminal existing in an ad hoc network adopting OLSR as a routing protocol,
As functions on the MPR selection side,
Confirm the existence of the adjacent terminal by broadcasting an adjacent terminal confirmation message for confirming the existence of an adjacent terminal as another communication terminal that can communicate without relay from its own communication terminal and detecting a response to the broadcast. A neighboring terminal confirmation means for creating a neighboring terminal list in which neighboring terminals whose existence has been confirmed are created;
By exchanging the neighboring terminal list created by the neighboring terminal confirmation means with surrounding communication terminals, communication without relay from its own communication terminal in the ad hoc network is impossible, and relaying by one neighboring terminal is not possible. 2-hop neighbor that confirms the existence of a 2-hop neighbor as another communication terminal capable of communication and creates a 2-hop neighbor list in which the confirmed 2-hop neighbor is associated with the neighboring terminal related to the relay List creation means;
The minimum number of adjacent MPR communication terminals necessary for enabling communication by relay to all of the two hop neighbors whose existence has been confirmed by the two-hop neighbor list creating means from the own communication terminal. Selecting from the adjacent terminal list, notifying the selected MPR communication terminal of the MPR selection, and receiving a rejection notification rejecting the MPR selection from the selected MPR communication terminal, 2 hop neighbors that are communicable by relay by the neighboring terminal that has made the rejection notification and the associated neighboring terminals that have made the rejection notification are excluded from the 2 hop neighbor list. An MPR management means for selecting the MPR communication terminal again,
With
As functions on the MPR selected side,
Resource consumption monitoring means for monitoring whether or not the resource consumption of the communication terminal and the resource consumption in the network around the communication terminal is one or both of the resource consumption exceeds a predetermined threshold;
When the resource consumption monitoring means determines that the resource consumption exceeds a predetermined threshold when receiving the notification of MPR selection, the rejection is made to the communication terminal that is the transmission source of the notification. An MPR rejection notification means for transmitting the notification;
Comprising
A communication terminal characterized by that. The communication terminal is a function on the MPR selected side,
A selection terminal management means for managing a selection terminal list as a list in which a communication terminal of a transmission source regarding the notification of MPR selection is described;
The MPR rejection notification means
When the resource consumption monitoring means determines that the resource consumption exceeds a predetermined threshold during communication with a selected terminal, the resource consumption is recorded in the selected terminal list managed by the selected terminal management means. Among the selection terminals, the rejection notification is transmitted to a selection terminal other than the selection terminal in communication.
The communication terminal according to claim 1. When the MPR management means receives the rejection notification,
Removing the 2-hop neighbor by deleting the 2-hop neighbor that becomes communicable by relaying by the neighboring terminal that has made the rejection notification and the associated adjacent terminal that has made the rejection notification from the 2-hop neighbor list;
The communication terminal according to claim 1. The MPR management means further includes:
A two-hop neighbor that becomes communicable by relay by an adjacent terminal that holds MPR selection for a certain hold time, and manages the hold list described in association with the adjacent terminal related to the relay;
When the rejection notification is received, the two-hop neighbor that becomes communicable by relay by the neighboring terminal that has made the rejection notification and the associated neighboring terminal that has made the rejection notification are moved from the two-hop neighbor list to the hold list. So that the two-hop neighbor is excluded,
When the rejection notification is received continuously from the same adjacent terminal, the holding time is controlled so that the holding time for the adjacent terminal becomes longer.
The communication terminal according to claim 1. A communication control method executed between communication terminals existing in an ad hoc network in which OLSR is adopted as a routing protocol,
The communication terminal on the MPR selection side broadcasts an adjacent terminal confirmation message for confirming the existence of an adjacent terminal as another communication terminal that can communicate without relay from its own communication terminal, and detects a response to the broadcast Confirming the presence of the neighboring terminal, and creating a neighboring terminal list describing the neighboring terminal whose existence is confirmed;
The communication terminal on the MPR selection side exchanges the neighboring terminal list created in the neighboring terminal confirmation step with surrounding communication terminals, so that communication without relay from its own communication terminal in the ad hoc network is impossible. 2 confirms the existence of a two-hop neighbor as another communication terminal that can communicate by relaying by one neighboring terminal, and describes the two-hop neighbor confirmed to exist in association with the neighboring terminal related to the relay. A 2-hop neighbor list creation step for creating a hop neighbor list;
The minimum required for the communication terminal on the MPR selection side to be able to communicate by relay to all of the 2-hop neighbors whose existence has been confirmed by the 2-hop neighbor list creation step from its own communication terminal. A selection notifying step of selecting an MPR communication terminal as the adjacent terminal from the adjacent terminal list and notifying the selected MPR communication terminal of MPR selection;
Whether or not the resource consumption amount of the communication terminal on the MPR selected side exceeds a predetermined threshold value for one or both of the resource consumption amount of the own communication terminal and the resource consumption amount in the network around the own communication terminal. When the resource consumption amount exceeds a predetermined threshold when the notification of monitoring and MPR selection is received, a rejection notification for rejecting MPR selection is sent to the communication terminal that is the transmission source of the notification. A rejection notification step to send;
When the communication terminal on the MPR selection side receives the rejection notification, the adjacent terminal that has made the rejection notification is excluded from the adjacent terminal list, and can be communicated by relaying by the adjacent terminal that has made the rejection notification A reselection step of reselecting the MPR communication terminal after excluding a neighbor and an adjacent terminal that has made the associated rejection notification from the two-hop neighbor list;
A communication control method.

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