JP2008189987A - Hot rolled steel sheet for tailored blank, and tailored blank - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a hot rolled steel sheet for a tailored blank, and to provide a tailored blank. <P>SOLUTION: The hot rolled steel sheet for a tailored blank is made of a carbon steel or a low alloy steel comprising ferrite as the main phase and comprising martensite in a volume ratio of ≤5%, and in which the average crystal grain diameter D (μm) of the ferrite in the depth of the 1/4 of the sheet thickness from the steel sheet surface satisfies the following inequalities (1) and (2), further, the increasing speed X (μm/min) at 700°C in the average crystal grain diameter of the ferrite in the depth position of the 1/4 of the sheet thickness from the steel sheet surface, and the average crystal grain diameter D (μm) satisfy the following inequality (3), and C equivalent (Ceq) defined by the following inequality (4) is 0.10 to 0.33, and also disclosed is a tailored blank: inequality (1) 1.2≤D≤7; inequality (2) D≤2.7+5000/(5+350*C+40*Mn)<SP>2</SP>; inequality (3) D*X≤0.1; and inequality (4) Ceq=C+Mn/9+Si/24+Cr/5+Mo/4+Ni/40+V/14. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2008,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a hot rolled steel sheet for tailored blanks and tailored blanks. More specifically, the present invention relates to a hot-rolled steel sheet for tailored blanks and tailored blanks suitable as materials used in applications including welding processes for automobiles, home appliances, machine structures, and buildings.

  The tailored blank means a steel plate and a molded part including a weld bead in a state before forming. The tailored blank method, in which steel plates of different thickness and / or strength are welded and joined prior to forming and then formed, can be formed all at once, so the number of dies and the number of press forming processes This is advantageous in terms of cost. In addition, because the steel plate can be placed in the right place, there is an advantage that material costs and parts weight can be reduced as a result. In the assembly process of transportation equipment such as automobiles and other industrial equipment, the tailored blank method is used. Adaptation cases are increasing.

  Since the feature of the tailored blank is that batch forming is performed after welding, not only the formability of the steel sheet but also the formability of the welded portion including the weld metal / welding heat affected zone is important at the time of forming.

  In general, the formability of the welded part is inferior to that of the base material. This tendency appears stronger as the base material strength is higher. For this reason, when it shape | molds after welding, a fracture | rupture may arise in a weld part with low moldability or a weld heat affected zone, and a shape defect may arise. Further, such a decrease in the formability of the welded portion is more likely to become a problem as the width of the welded portion in the entire member, that is, the welding heat input is larger, and is a material that can be formed after welding in laser welding that requires high introduction costs. In some cases, however, post-welding forming such as arc welding, which is a cheaper welding method, may be hindered. Patent Documents 1 and 2 propose a method for improving the formability of a welded part by reducing both the C content and the C equivalent.

  Patent Document 3 proposes a method of using a transformation structure such as martensite or bainite in order to obtain a predetermined base material strength even when both the C content and the C equivalent are reduced.

  Patent Documents 4 and 5 propose a method for obtaining a predetermined base material strength by utilizing refinement of crystal grains even when both the C content and the C equivalent are reduced. .

JP 2000-303139 A JP 2001-131690 A JP-A-11-279682 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 11-152544 JP-A-9-157790

  In order to improve the formability of the welded part and thereby improve the formability of the steel plate including the welded part, keep the balance between the hardness of the welded part and the base metal, that is, suppress the remarkable hardening and softening of the weld metal. It is necessary to.

  In the methods for improving the formability of the welded portion proposed in Patent Documents 1 and 2 described above, it is difficult to ensure the strength of the base material of the steel plate, and even if it is suitable for forming, the strength as a part cannot be obtained.

  Next, in the method using the transformation structure such as martensite and bainite proposed in Patent Document 3 and the method using the refinement of crystal grains proposed in Patent Documents 4 and 5, the base material strength is improved. A steel plate can be obtained. However, since the strengthened structure is vulnerable to high temperatures, the strengthened structure tends to change or disappear. That is, softening occurs in the weld heat affected zone due to large heat input during welding, so that when the molding is performed after welding, breakage occurs in the softened zone, which causes a reduction in tailored blank formability.

  Further, it is conceivable to improve the steel sheet strength by adding elements such as Nb and Ti, but these elements are relatively expensive and increase raw material costs.

  An object of the present invention is to provide a hot-rolled steel sheet for a tailored blank and a tailored blank having a welded portion that has less weld metal hardening and softening of the weld heat affected zone and is excellent in formability.

  In order to solve the above problems, the hardening of the weld metal is suppressed by not containing a large amount of elements such as C that enhance the hardenability, and without containing a large amount of expensive elements such as Nb and Ti. It is necessary to strengthen the base material.

  As a material strengthening method for realizing the above, it is considered effective to obtain strengthening by refining crystal grains.

  As means for refining the structure in the prior art, there are (i) a large rolling reduction method, (ii) a controlled rolling method, (iii) an alloy element addition method, or a combination thereof.

  (I) The large rolling reduction method increases the rolling reduction to about 50% or more, accumulates large strain by one-pass rolling, and then transforms from austenite to fine ferrite, or uses large strain. This is a technique for recrystallizing relatively coarse ferrite into fine ferrite. According to such a method, after heating to a temperature of about 1000 ° C. or lower and then rolling under a large pressure in a low temperature region of about 700 ° C., an ultrafine ferrite structure of 1 to 3 μm can be obtained. However, this method is difficult to realize industrially, and since the fine ferrite structure easily grows by heat treatment, the welded part softens when welded, or the expected mechanical properties are obtained when hot-dip Zn plating is applied. Has problems such as losing.

(Ii) The controlled rolling method is generally a method of cooling after performing multi-pass rolling at a temperature of about 800 ° C. or higher and a rolling reduction per rolling of 20 to 40% or less. There are many methods such as a method in which the rolling temperature is set to a narrow temperature range near the Ar ₃ point, a method of shortening the time between rolling passes, and a method of dynamically recrystallizing austenite by controlling the strain rate and temperature. It is disclosed. However, studies on cooling after rolling have not been sufficiently conducted. It is said that it is preferable to perform water cooling immediately after rolling, but cooling immediately after the rolling starts 0.2 seconds or more after rolling, and the cooling rate is at most about 250 ° C./second. In such a method, the ferrite crystal grain size of a low-carbon steel having a simple composition is only about 5 μm. Therefore, the mechanical properties cannot be sufficiently improved.

  (Iii) The alloy element addition method promotes refinement of ferrite crystal grains by adding a small amount of an alloy element that suppresses recrystallization and recovery of austenite. Alloy elements such as Nb and Ti form carbides or segregate at grain boundaries to suppress austenite recovery and recrystallization, so that austenite grains after hot rolling are refined, The ferrite crystal grains obtained by transformation are also refined. The alloy element addition method (iii) is often used in combination with the above-described large rolling method (i) or the controlled rolling method (ii). This alloy element addition method (iii) also has the effect of suppressing ferrite grain growth during heat treatment. However, although the crystal grain size of ferrite is reduced, there is a problem that the volume fraction of ferrite is reduced, and it is not sufficient to suppress grain growth in the welding of ultrafine ferrite grains and hot-dip Zn plating process. is there. Therefore, applicable steel types are limited. Further, the raw material cost increases by the amount of the alloy element to be added.

  However, even if a steel sheet having a fine crystal structure is obtained by these methods, the thermal stability of the structure is low. Therefore, even if the structure is refined to improve the mechanical properties of the steel sheet, the crystal grains in the weld heat-affected zone are easily coarsened by the heat applied during the subsequent welding or the heat applied in the hot dipping process, and the strength is impaired. There's a problem.

  If the weld heat-affected zone softens due to the coarsening of the crystal grains in the weld heat-affected zone due to heat at the time of welding, it may cause breakage in the heat-affected zone when forming a tailored blank, causing deterioration in formability Become.

As a result of various studies and experiments on the mechanical properties and thermal stability of the fine ferrite grain structure, the present inventors have found that both mechanical properties and thermal stability are excellent. (A) In addition to keeping the average crystal grain size of ferrite within a certain range, (b) A rate X of increase in the average crystal grain size D (μm) of ferrite at a temperature in the vicinity of 700 ° C. just below _one point of A It was found that it is important to set an upper limit on the product D · X (μm ² / min) of this average crystal grain size D (μm) and μm / min). In order to obtain better thermal stability, (c) it is preferable to keep the ferrite crystal grain size distribution within a certain range and not leave strain due to rolling in the ferrite crystal grains. I found out.

  In order to obtain a weld bead with excellent formability, it is important to (d) suppress the hardening of the weld metal and the heat affected zone, and (e) suppress the softening of the weld heat affected zone. I found out.

  Hereinafter, in (a) to (f), the knowledge and the examination / experimental results according to the present invention will be described in detail.

(a) About keeping the average crystal grain size of ferrite within a certain range The strength increases as the crystal grain size of ferrite decreases, but if the crystal grain size becomes too small, the driving force for grain growth due to grain boundary energy increases. Therefore, it has been found that grain growth at high temperature is promoted. Specifically, when the average crystal grain size is less than 1.2 μm, it becomes difficult to suppress grain growth at high temperatures, and conversely, the average crystal grain size is 2.7 + 5000 / (5 + 350 · C + 40 · It has been found that if either Mn) exceeds ² μm or 7 μm, improvement in mechanical properties due to miniaturization cannot be sufficiently expected. Therefore, in order to achieve both mechanical properties and thermal stability, 1.2 μm is adopted as the lower limit of the average grain size of ferrite, and 2.7 + 5000 / (5 + 350 · C + 40 · Mn) ² μm as the upper limit. And the smaller value of 7 μm needs to be adopted.

(b) A Increase rate X (μm / min) of the average crystal grain size D (μm) of ferrite at a temperature in the vicinity of 700 ° C. just below _one point and the product D · X ( About setting an upper limit to (μm ² / min) The grain growth rate of ferrite crystal grains at a high temperature increases as the temperature rises. On the other hand, in general, the temperature range in which ferrite grain growth can be a problem in welding and hot dipping processes is the high temperature range immediately below A ₁ point (near 730 ° C.) to near A ₃ point, and the ferrite grain growth rate in this temperature range Changes greatly. However, the temperature characteristic of the grain growth rate of a steel sheet having an average crystal grain size of ferrite in the above range is the grain growth rate of ferrite at a temperature near 700 ° C., that is, the average crystal grain size D (μm) of ferrite. If an upper limit was set for the product D · X (μm ² / min) of the increase rate X (μm / min) and the average crystal grain size D (μm), it was overheated to a higher temperature in the welding or hot dipping process. It was found that no problem occurred even in the case. As a result of the experiment, it was also found that the product D · X needs to be set to 0.1 μm ² / min or less. The product D · X is preferably 0.07 μm ² / min or less, and more preferably the product D · X is 0.05 μm ² / min or less.

In order to further reduce the grain growth rate, the dislocation density in the ferrite crystal grains is preferably 10 ⁹ / cm ² or less, more preferably 10 ⁸ / cm ² or less.

(c) Keeping the ferrite crystal grain size distribution within a certain range In order to further improve the thermal stability of the steel sheet, it is preferable to keep the ferrite crystal grain size distribution within a certain range. One factor that causes grain growth at high temperatures is the driving force based on the energy of the grain boundaries.If relatively large ferrite crystal grains are mixed in a fine ferrite structure, the large ferrite crystal grains As a driving force, it easily integrates with the surrounding fine ferrite crystal grains, and the grain growth proceeds rapidly. Therefore, in order to suppress the growth rate of ferrite crystal grains at high temperature, the ferrite crystal grains are refined and the average crystal grain size D (μm) satisfies the above formulas (1) and (2). In addition to the fixed range, the ferrite at the depth position of ¼ of the plate thickness from the steel plate surface is 80% or more of the ferrite crystal grains in terms of area ratio of the average crystal grain size D (μm). It is preferable that the particle size distribution be within a range of 1/3 to 3 times. That is, it is preferable that the area ratio of the crystal grains whose crystal grain size d (μm) satisfies the following formula (5) is 80% or more.
D / 3 ≦ d ≦ 3D (5) where D is the average ferrite crystal at a depth of 1/4 of the plate thickness from the steel plate surface. The particle size (μm) is shown.

  More preferably, the grain size distribution is such that 90% or more of ferrite crystal grains fall within the range of 1/3 to 3 times the average crystal grain size D (μm).

(d) About suppression of hardening of weld metal and heat-affected zone Due to significant hardening of the weld metal and heat-affected zone, the elongation of the weld zone is significantly reduced. As a result, the tailored blank formability of the steel plate including the weld zone is descend. The effect becomes more prominent as the ratio of the welded portion to the entire member or molded part increases, that is, the weld bead width becomes wider, particularly in a welded portion where the bead width becomes wider than the plate thickness. It tends to cause non-uniform molding and cracks in the weld metal due to reduced elongation of the partially hardened part (HAZ hardened part).
Generally, the weld metal and the heat-affected zone become harder as the hardenability of the material increases. Therefore, it is effective to suppress the hardening of the weld metal and the heat-affected zone by setting the C equivalent (Ceq) shown in the formula (4), which is an index of hardenability, to 0.33 or less.

  The weld metal refers to a portion where a welding material such as a wire (which may include an additive such as a welding aid) and a material to be welded are melted and solidified in the process of welding.

(e) Suppressing softening in the weld heat affected zone If there is a HAZ softened zone in the weld heat affected zone that is lower in strength than the base metal, cracking in the softened zone will occur during tailored blank molding. This causes a decrease in tailored blank formability. Therefore, in order to obtain good tailored blank formability, it is necessary to suppress the softening of the heat-affected zone as well as to suppress the hardening at the weld zone. Softening of the weld heat affected zone is more likely to be a problem as the welding heat input is larger, that is, the weld bead width is wider.

  Martensite is an effective structure to improve material strength with a low C content component system, but the strengthening tends to disappear due to the phase transformation associated with the welding heat cycle, so the material was strengthened with these structures. In some cases, the heat-affected zone is likely to be softened. Therefore, it is necessary to improve the material strength by making the crystal grains finer, and it is necessary not to use the strength improving means by martensite. Therefore, by setting the martensite volume ratio in the material base material to 5% or less, softening of the heat-affected zone is suppressed and deterioration of the tailored blank formability of the weld zone is prevented.

  Similarly, strengthening by bainite tends to disappear due to the total transformation associated with the welding heat cycle, and therefore, it is preferable to suppress improvement of the base material strength by bainite. Therefore, it is preferable to suppress the softening of the heat-affected zone and prevent the formability of the tailored blank at the weld zone by limiting the bainite volume ratio in the material base material to 50% or less. More preferably, it is 30% or less, More preferably, it is 20% or less.

  Even when the strength is improved by making the crystal grains finer, if the ferrite crystal grains in the heat-affected zone become coarse due to welding heat input, softening occurs and the formability decreases. In order to suppress this, it is necessary to ensure the thermal stability of the crystal grains by the method shown in the above (a) to (c).

  In the weld heat affected zone, high temperatures up to the melting point are continuously distributed from the boundary with the base material to the melting boundary. For this reason, even when the cause of softening is reduced as described above, the disappearance of the reinforcing structure of the base material is unavoidable in a certain temperature range. In order to obtain good tailored blank weldability, it is also important to suppress a decrease in strength in such a strengthened structure disappearing portion. In this region, since the material is heated to a high temperature, new martensite and bainite appear by ensuring a certain level of hardenability. By obtaining strengthening by these structures, it is possible to compensate for the strength reduction accompanying the disappearance of the strengthening phase of the base material. As a result of various studies, in order to obtain the above effect, it is necessary to set the C equivalent (Ceq), which is an index of hardenability, to 0.10 or more. Preferably it is 0.13 or more, More preferably, it is 0.15 or more, More preferably, it is 0.17 or more.

  The present invention has been completed on the basis of such findings and examination / experimental results. The gist of the present invention is the following hot rolled steel sheet for tailored blanks (1) to (3) and tailored blanks (4) to (5). Hereinafter, the present invention (1) to the present invention (5), respectively. The present inventions (1) to (5) may be collectively referred to as the present invention.

  (1) A steel plate made of carbon steel or low alloy steel with ferrite as the main phase and a martensite volume fraction of 5% or less, and the average grain size of ferrite at a depth of 1/4 of the plate thickness from the steel plate surface The diameter D (μm) satisfies the following formulas (1) and (2), and the increase rate X (700 ° C.) of the average crystal grain size of ferrite at a depth position of ¼ of the plate thickness from the steel plate surface. μm / min) and the average crystal grain size D (μm) satisfy the following formula (3), and the C equivalent (Ceq) defined by the following formula (4) is 0.10 to 0.33. A hot-rolled steel sheet for tailored blanks.

1.2 ≦ D ≦ 7 (1) Formula D ≦ 2.7 + 5000 / (5 + 350 · C + 40 · Mn) ² (2) Formula D · X ≦ 0.1 (3) Formula Ceq = C + Mn / 9 + Si / 24 + Cr / 5 + Mo / 4 + Ni / 40 + V / 14
......... (4) where, D is the average grain size of the ferrite at a depth position of 1/4 from the surface of the steel sheet thickness (μm), C, Mn, Si, Cr , Mo, Ni and V respectively represent the content (% by mass) of each element in the steel, and X represents the average crystal grain size D of ferrite at a depth position of ¼ of the plate thickness from the steel plate surface ( (μm) at 700 ° C. (μm / min).

  (2) A steel plate made of carbon steel or low alloy steel containing ferrite as a main phase and having a martensite volume fraction of 5% or less and a bainite volume fraction of 50% or less. The average grain size D (μm) of ferrite at a depth of 1 satisfies the following formulas (1) and (2), and the average grain size of ferrite at a depth of 1/4 of the plate thickness from the steel sheet surface The increase rate X (μm / min) of the diameter at 700 ° C. and the average crystal grain size D (μm) satisfy the following formula (3), and the C equivalent (Ceq) defined by the following formula (4) is A hot-rolled steel sheet for tailored blanks, characterized by being 0.10 to 0.33.

1.2 ≦ D ≦ 7 (1) Formula D ≦ 2.7 + 5000 / (5 + 350 · C + 40 · Mn) 2 (2) Formula D · X ≦ 0.1 (3) Formula Ceq = C + Mn / 9 + Si / 24 + Cr / 5 + Mo / 4 + Ni / 40 + V / 14
......... (4) where, D is the average grain size of the ferrite at a depth position of 1/4 from the surface of the steel sheet thickness (μm), C, Mn, Si, Cr , Mo, Ni and V respectively represent the content (% by mass) of each element in the steel, and X represents the average crystal grain size D of ferrite at a depth position of ¼ of the plate thickness from the steel plate surface ( (μm) at 700 ° C. (μm / min).

  (3) The area ratio of ferrite crystal grains satisfying the following formula (5) to ferrite at a depth of 1/4 of the thickness from the steel sheet surface is 80% or more. The hot-rolled steel sheet for tailored blanks according to (1) or (2) above, wherein

D / 3 ≦ d ≦ 3D (5) where d is the crystal grain size (μm) of ferrite, and D is the thickness of the steel sheet from the surface of the steel sheet. The average crystal grain size (μm) of ferrite at a depth position of / 4 is shown.

  (4) A base material made of a hot rolled steel sheet for tailored blanks according to any one of the above (1) to (3) is at least partially or entirely on one side, and the plate thickness (mm) of the weld bead width (mm) A tailored blank comprising a welded portion having a ratio of 1.0 or more.

(5) Difference Hv _(WM−) between average Vickers hardness Hv _BM at a depth of 1/4 of the plate thickness from the surface of the base metal made of hot-rolled steel sheet and average Vickers hardness Hv _WM of the weld metal at the same depth. The tailored blank according to claim 3, wherein ( _BM) satisfies the following formula (6).

Hv _(WM-BM) ≦ 80 (6) where Hv _BM is an average at a depth of 1/4 of the plate thickness from the surface of the base material. Vickers hardness and Hv _WM indicate the average Vickers hardness of the weld metal at this same depth.

  ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, the hot-rolled steel plate and tailored blank which are excellent in the thermal stability suitable as a raw material used for the use including a welding process can be provided.

  The hot-rolled steel sheet for tailored blanks and tailored blanks according to the present invention will be described below. Hereinafter, “%” display of the content of each chemical component means “mass%”.

(A) About chemical composition C:
C is an element useful for promoting the refinement of ferrite crystal grains because it can lower the transformation temperature from austenite to ferrite and lower the finishing temperature of hot rolling. Moreover, it is an element for ensuring strength. For this reason, it is preferable to make it contain 0.01% or more. Moreover, in order to further promote the refinement of ferrite crystal grains, the content is preferably 0.03% or more. However, if it is contained excessively, ferrite transformation after hot rolling is delayed, the volume fraction of ferrite is lowered, and weldability is deteriorated, so it is necessary to be 0.15% or less. In order to improve the workability of the weld zone, the C content is more preferably 0.11% or less.

Si:
Si is preferably contained for the purpose of improving the strength. However, if it is contained excessively, the ductility deteriorates remarkably and the problem of surface oxidation during hot rolling occurs. Therefore, the Si content is preferably 2.5% or less. More preferably, it is 2.0% or less, More preferably, it is 1.5 or less. When it is 1.0% or less, it is even more preferable. The lower limit may be an impurity level, but when generating retained austenite of 3% or more by volume, it is preferable to contain 1% or more in terms of the total amount of Si + Al.

Mn:
Mn is preferably contained to ensure strength. Moreover, since the transformation temperature from austenite to ferrite can be lowered and the finishing temperature in hot rolling can be lowered, it is preferably contained in order to promote the refinement of ferrite crystal grains. However, if excessively contained, ferrite transformation after hot rolling is delayed, and the volume fraction of ferrite is reduced. Therefore, the Mn content is preferably 2.5% or less. More preferably, it is 2.2% or less, More preferably, it is 1.8% or less. The lower limit may be an impurity level, but when added for the purpose of improving the strength, it is preferable to contain 0.5% or more. Moreover, when producing | generating 3% or more of retained austenite by volume ratio, it is preferable to contain 0.8% or more, and it is more preferable to contain 1.0% or more.

Al:
Al may be included to improve ductility. However, if excessively contained, the austenite at high temperature becomes unstable, and it is necessary to excessively increase the finishing temperature in hot rolling, and stable continuous casting becomes difficult. It is preferable to make it 3% or less. The lower limit may be an impurity level, but when generating retained austenite of 3% or more by volume, it is preferable to contain 1% or more in terms of the total amount of Si + Al. More preferably, it is 1.2% or more, More preferably, it is 1.4% or more.

P:
P may be contained in order to increase the strength. However, if it is excessively contained, embrittlement due to grain boundary segregation occurs, so when it is included, the content is preferably 0.5% or less. Further, from the viewpoint of weldability, 0.05% or less is more preferable. Usually, about 0.01% is mixed in the steelmaking stage.

Ti:
Ti precipitates as carbide or nitride to increase the strength, and this precipitate suppresses the coarsening of austenite and ferrite to promote the refinement of crystal grains during hot rolling, and during the heat treatment In order to suppress grain growth, it may be contained. However, if excessively contained, a large amount of coarse Ti carbide or nitride is generated at the time of heating before hot rolling to inhibit ductility and workability, so the content is preferably 0.3% or less. . In order to facilitate the formation of ferrite, the total amount of [Ti + Nb] is preferably 0.1% or less, more preferably 0.03% or less, and still more preferably 0.01% or less. The lower limit may be an impurity level. Generally about 0.001% is mixed on steelmaking.

Nb:
Nb precipitates as carbide or nitride to increase the strength, and this precipitate suppresses the coarsening of austenite and ferrite to promote the refinement of crystal grains during hot rolling, and during the heat treatment In order to suppress grain growth, it may be contained. However, if excessively contained, a large amount of coarse NbC is generated at the time of heating before hot rolling to inhibit ductility and workability, so the content is preferably 0.1% or less. In order to facilitate the formation of ferrite, the total amount of [Ti + Nb] is preferably 0.1% or less, more preferably 0.03% or less, and still more preferably 0.01%. The lower limit may be an impurity level. Generally about 0.001% is mixed on steelmaking.

V:
V is precipitated as a carbide to increase the strength, and since this precipitate suppresses the coarsening of ferrite and promotes the refinement of crystal grains, it may be contained. However, for the same reason as Ti and Nb, the ductility and workability are inhibited, so the content is preferably 1% or less. More preferably, it is 0.5% or less, More preferably, it is 0.3% or less. The lower limit may be an impurity level. Generally about 0.001% is mixed on steelmaking.

Cr:
Since Cr has the effect of increasing the hardenability, generating bainite in the ferrite structure, and increasing the strength, it may be included for this purpose. However, since the production | generation of a ferrite will be suppressed when it contains abundantly, it is preferable to make content 1% or less. The lower limit may be an impurity level. Generally about 0.02% is mixed in steelmaking.

Cu:
Since Cu has an action of precipitating at a low temperature to increase the strength, Cu may be contained for the purpose of these actions. However, since there is a risk of causing grain boundary cracking of the slab, the content is preferably 3% or less. More preferably, it is 2% or less. In addition, when making it contain, it is preferable to make it content 0.1% or more. The lower limit may be an impurity level. Generally about 0.02% is mixed in steelmaking.

Ni:
Ni may be included for the purpose of increasing the stability of austenite at high temperatures. Moreover, when Cu is contained, it may be contained in order to prevent grain boundary embrittlement of the slab. However, since the production | generation of a ferrite will be suppressed when it contains excessively, it is preferable to make content 1% or less. The lower limit may be an impurity level. Generally about 0.02% is mixed in steelmaking.

Mo:
Mo may be contained in order to precipitate MoC and increase the strength, and since this precipitate suppresses the coarsening of ferrite and promotes the refinement of crystal grains. However, for the same reason as Ti and Nb, the ductility and workability are inhibited, so the content is preferably 1% or less. More preferably, it is 0.5% or less, More preferably, it is 0.3% or less. The lower limit may be an impurity level. Generally about 0.001% is mixed on steelmaking.

Ca, REM, B:
Ca, rare earth elements (REM), and B may be contained in one or more kinds in order to refine oxides and nitrides precipitated during solidification and maintain the soundness of the slab. However, since it is expensive, the total content is preferably 0.005% or less. The lower limit may be an impurity level. Here, the rare earth element (REM) means 17 elements including 15 elements of lanthanide and Y and Sc.

  In addition, S, N, Sn etc. are mentioned as an "impurity" mixed in steel. About S and N, if possible, it is desirable to regulate the content thereof as follows.

S:
Since S is an impurity element that forms sulfide inclusions and degrades workability, the content is preferably suppressed to 0.05% or less. And when securing the further outstanding workability, it is preferable to set it as 0.008% or less. More preferably, it is 0.003% or less.

N:
N is an impurity element that lowers workability, and its content is preferably suppressed to 0.01% or less. More preferably, it is 0.006% or less.

(B) About the structure of the hot rolled steel sheet for tailored blanks according to the present invention The hot rolled steel sheet for tailored blanks according to the present invention has a structure composed of ferrite as a main phase and a main phase and a second phase other than ferrite. It is. Here, the “main phase” means that the phase occupying the maximum proportion of the phase constituting the organization. The main phase ferrite is preferably at least 50% or more by volume, more preferably 60% or more. If the ferrite volume fraction is less than 50%, the ductility and workability of the steel sheet may be impaired.

  The crystal grain size (diameter) of ferrite greatly affects the mechanical properties and thermal stability of hot rolled steel sheets for tailored blanks, and further the workability. Therefore, in the hot rolled steel sheet for tailored blanks according to the present invention, in order to ensure sufficient strength, ductility, thermal stability and workability, the average of ferrite from the steel sheet surface at a depth of ¼ of the sheet thickness. It is necessary to keep the crystal grain size D (μm) within a certain range that satisfies the following formulas (1) and (2).

1.2 ≦ D ≦ 7 (1) Formula D ≦ 2.7 + 5000 / (5 + 350 · C + 40 · Mn) ² (2) Formula That is, the certain range is a range in which 1.2 μm is the lower limit and 2.7 + 5000 / (5 + 350 · C + 40 · Mn) ² μm and 7 μm is the upper limit. That is. In the formula (2), C and Mn each represent the content (mass%) of each element in the steel.

Here, the lower limit of the average grain size D of the ferrite is 1.2 μm. If the average grain size D is less than 1.2 μm, not only the work hardening coefficient is extremely reduced and the ductility and workability deteriorate, but also the fine ferrite structure This is because the thermal stability of the material deteriorates and the grains grow easily at a high temperature. In order to obtain more excellent ductility, workability and thermal stability, the lower limit of the average crystal grain size D of ferrite is preferably 1.5 μm. On the other hand, the upper limit of the average grain size D of ferrite is set to the smaller value of 2.7 + 5000 / (5 + 350 · C + 40 · Mn) ² μm and 7 μm. This is because a sufficient strength cannot be obtained. In order to obtain better strength, the upper limit of the average crystal grain size D of ferrite should be the upper value of the smaller one of 2.4 + 5000 / (5 + 350 · C + 40 · Mn) ² μm and 5.5 μm. Is preferred. Here, a region surrounded by a large-angle grain boundary having a crystal orientation difference of 15 ° or more is defined as one crystal grain, and a small-angle grain boundary less than 15 ° is ignored.

Furthermore, in order to improve the thermal stability of the steel plate for tailored blanks, it is preferable to keep the distribution of the crystal grain size of ferrite within a certain range. One factor that causes grain growth at high temperatures is the driving force based on the energy of the grain boundaries.If relatively large ferrite crystal grains are mixed in a fine ferrite structure, the large ferrite crystal grains As a driving force, it easily integrates with the surrounding fine ferrite crystal grains, and the grain growth proceeds rapidly. Therefore, to suppress the growth rate of ferrite crystal grains at high temperature, the ferrite crystal grains are refined and the average crystal grain size D (μm) satisfies the above formulas (1) and (2). In addition to staying within a certain range, the crystal grain size d (μm) of the ferrite at the depth position of ¼ of the plate thickness from the steel plate surface is occupied by crystal grains satisfying the following formula (5) The area ratio is preferably 80% or more.
D / 3 ≦ d ≦ 3D (5) That is, 80% or more of the ferrite crystal grains have an average crystal grain size D (μm) in terms of area ratio. It is preferable that the particle size distribution be within a range of 1/3 to 3 times. Preferably, the grain size distribution is such that 85% or more of the ferrite crystal grains fall within a range of 1/3 to 3 times the average crystal grain diameter D (μm), more preferably 90% or more of the ferrite crystal grains. Is a particle size distribution that falls within a range of 1/3 to 3 times the average crystal grain size D (μm).

  The reason for defining the ferrite crystal grain size and its distribution as a depth of 1/4 of the plate thickness from the surface is that the ferrite crystal grain size of the hot-rolled steel sheet generally changes in the plate thickness direction. The steel sheet according to the present invention can ensure desired mechanical properties and thermal stability by setting the ferrite crystal grain structure of this depth in the above range. In particular, the thermal stability of the particle size is not determined by the particle size distribution when taking statistics over a wide range from the surface of the plate to the inside, but by the particle size distribution when taking statistics at a specific depth. Determined. Therefore, if the structure is observed in a cross section parallel to the surface at a depth of 1/4 of the plate thickness, or if it is observed in a cross section perpendicular to the surface, it is within 100 μm from the depth of 1/4 of the plate thickness. Make observations and take statistics.

  The second phase other than ferrite may be a phase generally known to be produced in a low carbon steel material such as pearlite, cementite, bainite, martensite, retained austenite, carbonitride of elements other than Fe.

  In order to efficiently produce a steel sheet that is particularly excellent in elongation characteristics in which the product of the tensile strength TS and the total elongation El is 18000 or more and also excellent in thermal stability, residual austenite is used as the second phase in a volume ratio of 3 to 30. It is good to make it contain. If the volume fraction of retained austenite is less than 3%, the elongation characteristics may be inhibited, and if it exceeds 30%, the thermal stability may be inhibited. The volume fraction of retained austenite contained as the second phase is preferably 5 to 25%.

  As the second phase other than ferrite, a trace amount of carbide, nitride, or oxide having a volume ratio of 1% or less can be contained in addition to the above-described one. These include Ti, Nb, V, Mo carbonitrides and the like.

(C) Grain growth rate at high temperature The temperature characteristics of the grain growth rate of a steel sheet in which the average crystal grain size of ferrite is within a certain range satisfying the above equations (1) and (2) is around 700 ° C. It is determined by the grain growth rate of ferrite at the following temperature.

  Therefore, when heated to a higher temperature in the welding process, an increase rate X (μm / μm) of the average crystal grain diameter D (μm) of ferrite at a depth position of ¼ of the plate thickness from the steel plate surface is 700 ° C. min) and the average crystal grain size D (μm) must satisfy the following formula (3).

D · X ≦ 0.1 ······································································································································································ The average crystal grain size (μm) of ferrite at the position is shown.

That is, by maintaining the product D · X (μm ² / min) of the increase rate X (μm / min) of the average crystal grain size of ferrite and the average crystal grain size D (μm) at 0.1 μm ² / min or less. , It becomes stable against the main thermal history in the welding and hot dipping process, and good thermal stability is obtained. In order to obtain better thermal stability, the product D · X is preferably 0.07 μm ² / min or less, and more preferably 0.05 μm ² / min or less.

In addition, as shown in Examples 2 and 3 to be described later, the product D · X (μm ² / min) of the increase rate X (μm / min) of the average crystal grain size of ferrite and the average crystal grain size D (μm) However, the ferrite crystal grain structure of the steel sheet of 0.1 μm ² / min or less shows almost no change in grain size even when heat-treated at 850 ° C. for several tens of seconds. Unlike normal grain growth, which is proportional to the square root of time, the crystal grain size (diameter) of ferrite in the steel sheet according to the present invention increases at approximately 700 ° C. in proportion to time. Therefore, the increase rate X (μm / min) of the average crystal grain size of ferrite is obtained by measuring the grain size change at about 700 ° C. for about 1 hour and averaging the rate of change.

In order to further reduce the grain growth rate, the dislocation density in the ferrite crystal grains is preferably 10 ⁹ / cm ² or less, more preferably 10 ⁸ / cm ² or less.

(D) About Tailored Blank Formability of Welded Part Due to the remarkable hardening of the weld metal and the heat affected zone, the elongation of the welded part is remarkably lowered, and as a result, the tailored blank formability of the steel sheet including the welded part is lowered.

  Generally, the weld metal and the heat-affected zone become harder as the hardenability of the material increases. Therefore, it is effective to suppress the hardening of the weld metal and the heat affected zone by setting the C equivalent (Ceq), which is an index of hardenability, to 0.33 or less. In a component system in which the C equivalent exceeds 0.33, since the hardenability in the weld metal and the heat-affected zone is too high, martensite appears at a high volume ratio over a wide range, causing significant hardening of the weld zone. When forming blanks, sufficient forming characteristics cannot be obtained, or breakage occurs in the weld metal or in the heat-affected zone.

  When two kinds of materials having different compositions are welded, the hardness of the weld metal is substantially determined by the composition of the weld metal and the welding conditions. Of these, the component of the weld metal is determined by the composition of each of the two types of materials to be joined and the ratio of the amount of fusion. Therefore, the hardening amount of the weld metal can be reduced as a result by keeping the composition and C equivalent of one or both of the materials to be welded within the above range.

  On the other hand, even when the HAZ softened portion, which is a lower strength region than the base material, is present in the weld heat affected zone, cracking occurs in the softened portion at the time of tailored blank molding, which causes a decrease in tailored blank moldability. Therefore, in order to obtain good tailored blank formability, it is necessary to suppress hardening at the welded portion and at the same time suppress softening. Softening of the weld heat affected zone is more likely to be a problem as the welding heat input is larger, that is, the weld bead width is wider.

  Martensite is an effective structure to improve material strength with a low C content component system, but the strengthening tends to disappear due to the phase transformation associated with the welding heat cycle, so the material was strengthened with these structures. In some cases, the heat-affected zone is likely to be softened. Therefore, by setting the martensite volume ratio in the material base material to 5% or less and suppressing the amount of strengthening by martensite in advance, it is possible to suppress softening of the heat-affected zone and prevent deterioration of the tailored blank formability of the weld zone. . When martensite having a volume ratio of more than 5% exists in the base metal structure, the amount of strength reduction in the martensite disappearing region after welding is large, and breakage occurs at the strength reduction portion during molding.

  In addition, in the ultrafine-grained steel sheet for which thermal stability is not sufficiently ensured even by strengthening by grain refinement, softening occurs due to coarsening of the crystal grains in the weld heat affected zone, and at the softened zone during forming Breaks.

  In the weld heat affected zone, high temperatures up to the melting point are continuously distributed from the boundary with the base material to the melting boundary. For this reason, even when the cause of softening is reduced as described above, the disappearance of the reinforcing structure of the base material is unavoidable in a certain temperature range. In order to obtain good tailored blank weldability, it is also important to suppress a decrease in strength in such a strengthened structure disappearing portion. In this region, since the material is heated to a high temperature, new martensite and bainite appear by ensuring a certain level of hardenability. By obtaining strengthening by these structures, it is possible to compensate for the strength reduction accompanying the disappearance of the strengthening phase of the base material. As a result of various studies, in order to obtain the above effect, it is preferable to set the C equivalent (Ceq), which is an index of hardenability, to 0.10 or more. In a material having a C equivalent (Ceq) of less than 0.10, a reduced strength region due to the disappearance of the strengthened structure occurs in the welded portion, which may cause a heat-affected zone fracture during molding. Furthermore, in a material system having a low C equivalent (Ceq), a hardened structure cannot be obtained even in the weld metal, and an undermatched joint having a weld strength lower than that of the base metal is generated. There is also.

  As described above, in addition to suppressing excessive hardening of the weld metal and softening of the weld heat affected zone, it is preferable to smooth the hardness distribution of the weld zone in order to obtain uniform molding.

As a result of various studies, the inventors have found that the average Vickers hardness Hv _BM at a depth of 1/4 of the plate thickness from the surface of the base metal made of a hot-rolled steel sheet and the Vickers hardness Hv of the weld metal having the same depth. by defining the difference between the _{WM Hv} the _(WM-BM) in a certain range, and it found that a uniform molding can be obtained.

If this difference Hv _(WM-BM) exceeds 80, there are large differences in material properties at various locations in the welded part, resulting in non-uniform elongation during molding, which may make it difficult to obtain the target shape. When the difference is large, stress concentration is likely to occur in the low-strength region and the hardness transition portion, and there is a risk that fracture occurs at an early stage of molding and sufficient molding cannot be obtained. Therefore, the difference Hv _(WM-BM) between the average Vickers hardness Hv _BM at a depth of 1/4 of the plate thickness from the surface of the base metal made of hot-rolled steel sheet and the Vickers hardness Hv _WM of the weld metal at the same depth. Is preferably a tailored blank satisfying the following expression (6). More preferably, Hv _(WM-BM) is within 70, and more preferably within 50.

Hv _(WM-BM) ≦ 80 (6) where Hv _BM is an average at a depth of 1/4 of the plate thickness from the surface of the base material. Vickers hardness and Hv _WM indicate the average Vickers hardness of the weld metal at this same depth.

  In the case of welding with a combination of materials with different plate thicknesses or strengths, a molding test is performed with the shape of the test piece (2) shown in FIG. In this case, a depth of ¼ of the thickness of the surface of the material on the broken side is adopted.

FIG. 1 shows an example of measurement positions and measurement values of Vickers hardness when welding is performed by combining materials having different plate thicknesses. (a) is a method for determining the measurement position at a depth of 1/4 of the plate thickness from the surface, and (b) is an example of the measured value of average Vickers hardness at a depth of 1/4 of the plate thickness from the surface. is there.

(E) About rolling Rolling is performed in the austenite temperature range from a temperature exceeding 1000 ° C. using a lever mill or a tandem mill. From the viewpoint of industrial productivity, it is preferable to use a tandem mill for at least the last several stages.

Use slabs obtained by continuous casting or casting / bundling, steel plates obtained by strip casting, etc., and if necessary, those once hot or cold worked, and if they are cold pieces, 1000 ° C Reheated to a temperature exceeding 30 ° C and rolled. When the rolling start temperature is 1000 ° C. or less, the rolling load becomes excessive and it becomes difficult to obtain a sufficient rolling rate, and rolling at a sufficient rolling rate may be terminated at a temperature of ₃ or more points at Ar. This makes it difficult to obtain desired mechanical properties and thermal stability. Rolling is preferably started at a temperature of 1025 ° C. or higher, more preferably 1050 ° C. or higher. The upper limit is set to 1350 ° C. or lower, preferably 1250 ° C. or lower in order to suppress coarsening of austenite grains and to suppress equipment costs and heating fuel costs. This is because the initial austenite crystal grains are refined and the final ferrite crystal grains are easily refined.

The rolling finishing temperature is set to a temperature range of Ar ₃ points or more and 780 ° C. or more in order to transform from austenite to ferrite after rolling. When the finishing temperature is lower than Ar ₃ point, ferrite is generated during rolling. If the temperature is lower than 780 ° C., the rolling load increases and it becomes difficult to apply sufficient reduction, and ferrite transformation may occur in the surface layer portion during rolling. Preferably, the rolling is finished at a temperature of Ar ₃ points or higher and 800 ° C. or higher.

The temperature to terminate the rolling, the better low if the temperature range of more than Ar ₃ point and 780 ° C.. This is because the effect of accumulating processing strain introduced into austenite by rolling increases, and the refinement of crystal grains is promoted. The Ar ₃ point of the steel type used in the present invention is approximately 780 to 900 ° C.

  The total reduction amount is 90% or more, preferably 92%, more preferably 94% or more in terms of sheet thickness reduction rate in order to promote the refinement of ferrite. The sheet thickness reduction rate in the temperature range from the rolling end temperature to [rolling end temperature + 100 ° C.] is preferably 40% or more. More preferably, the sheet thickness reduction rate in the temperature range from the rolling end temperature to [rolling end temperature + 80 ° C.] is 60% or more. The rolling is continuous multi-pass rolling. The amount of reduction per pass is preferably 15 to 60%. A larger rolling reduction per pass is preferable from the viewpoint of accumulating strain into austenite and refining the crystal grain size of ferrite produced by transformation. Not only increases in size, but also makes it difficult to control the shape of the plate. In the method of the present invention, fine ferrite crystal grains can be obtained even by rolling in a plurality of passes with a reduction amount per pass of 40% or less. Therefore, in particular, when it is desired to easily control the plate shape, it is preferable to set the rolling reduction rate of the final two passes to 40% / pass or less.

(F) Cooling after rolling In order to generate a fine ferrite grain structure by transforming from austenite to ferrite as a driving force without releasing the processing strain introduced into austenite after rolling is completed. Then, it is cooled to a temperature of 720 ° C. or less within 0.4 seconds from the end of rolling. Preferably, it is cooled to a temperature of 720 ° C. or less within 0.2 seconds from the end of rolling. It is desirable to use water cooling for cooling, and the cooling rate is preferably 400 ° C./second or more as an average cooling rate during the period of forced cooling excluding the air cooling period.

  Here, the reason for prescribing the time until cooling to a temperature of 720 ° C. or lower was introduced by processing before fine ferrite was formed when cooling was stopped or slowed at a temperature exceeding 720 ° C. This is because the strain is released or the existence form of the strain is changed, so that it becomes ineffective for nucleation of ferrite and the ferrite crystal grains are remarkably coarsened.

  When the temperature reaches 720 ° C. or lower, it enters a transformation temperature range in which ferrite transformation is activated. The ferrite transformation temperature range where the above ferrite structure is obtained is a temperature range between this temperature and 600 ° C. Therefore, after reaching 720 ° C. or lower, the cooling is temporarily stopped, or the speed thereof is slowed down and held at this temperature range for 2 to 30 seconds, thereby forming the above thermally stable ferrite crystal grain structure. Can be sure. If the holding time in this temperature range is short, the formation of the thermally stable ferrite crystal grain structure may be hindered. More preferably, it is good to make it stay for 2 to 25 seconds in the temperature range of 620-700 degreeC.

  In the case of a multiphase structure in which 3% or more of retained austenite is dispersed by volume ratio, after cooling and holding as described above, it is cooled to a temperature range of 350 to 500 ° C. at a cooling rate of 20 ° C./s or more, It is preferable to slowly cool at a cooling rate of 60 ° C./hr or less. This slow cooling may be performed by winding the steel sheet into a coil. The cooling rate in the temperature range of 400 to 500 ° C. is more preferably 50 ° C./s or more.

(G) About cooling equipment In this invention, the equipment which performs said cooling is not limited. Industrially, it is preferable to use a water spray device having a high water density. For example, it is possible to cool by arranging a water spray header between the rolled plate conveying rollers and injecting high-pressure water having a sufficient water density from above and below the plate.

  Steels A to D and F to U having chemical compositions shown in Table 1 were melted and made 30 mm thick by hot forging. Then, after reheating to 1050 degreeC or more, it rolled by the small tandem mill for a test, and finished to 2 mm of plate | board thickness.

Table 2 shows the rolling finishing temperature and cooling conditions. In all rolling, the finishing temperature of rolling was higher than the Ar ₃ point of each steel type, and further, multi-pass rolling of 3 passes or more was performed within the temperature range of finishing temperature to [finishing temperature + 100 ° C.]. The final two-pass rolling was light rolling at 35% / pass or less except for test number 5. For Test No. 5, the final two passes were subjected to 50-60% large reduction rolling. After the rolling finish, as shown in Table 2, it was cooled to a predetermined temperature within a temperature range of room temperature (RT) to 600 ° C. by water cooling. In addition, the holding time in 600-720 degreeC was provided by providing air cooling time after water cooling. In Table 2, in addition to the holding time in the temperature range of 720 to 600 ° C., the holding time in the temperature range of 620 to 700 ° C. is also shown. Thereafter, water cooling to room temperature is performed at the cooling rate shown in Table 2, or cooling at 20 ° C./hr in a furnace as a simulation of the heat history equivalent to winding after water cooling to a predetermined temperature of 600 ° C. or lower. By performing furnace cooling at a speed, steel plates having various second phase structures were produced.

  About the structure | tissue of the hot-rolled steel plate obtained in this way, the cross section of the steel plate thickness was observed by using a scanning electron microscope.

  The crystal grain size and grain size distribution of ferrite were determined by conducting crystal orientation analysis using the EBSP (Electron Back Scattering Pattern) method at a depth of ¼ of the plate thickness from the plate surface. The volume ratio of each phase was measured by observing the structure corroded with nital or picric acid at a depth of 1/4 of the plate thickness from the plate surface using a scanning electron microscope or an optical microscope. In addition, the structure of the second phase other than the ferrite phase of the steel sheet produced in this example was pearlite, bainite, martensite, retained austenite, and granular cementite.

  For mechanical properties, tensile properties were measured with JIS No. 5 tensile test pieces, and tensile strength TS (MPa), yield ratio YR and total elongation El (%) were evaluated.

Regarding thermal stability, after immersing in a salt bath at 700 ° C. for 10, 30 or 60 minutes, rapidly cool, measure the particle size by the same method as above, the particle size d ₀ (μm) before annealing and the particles after annealing By dividing the difference in the diameter d ₁ (μm) by the annealing time (min), the increase rate X (μm / min) of the average crystal grain size was calculated.

  Table 3 shows the structure, properties, and tensile test results of the hot-rolled steel sheet thus obtained.

  As shown in Table 4, melt-run welding was performed on various materials including the test number of the present invention, and a molding test of a test piece including a welded portion was performed. Here, the melt-run welding is to perform welding by irradiating a single plate with a beam or an arc without matching materials. In this test, welding was performed by melting only the material to be welded without using a welding wire. Test numbers 1, 2 and 8 to 11 are steels of the present invention. Among the steels of the present invention, the test materials used for test numbers 7, 8 and 13 have a tensile strength TS of 440 MPa class, 1 to 6, 9 -11, 15 and 17 are steel types of 590 MPa class and others are 650 MPa class or more.

  Characteristic evaluation of the obtained welded part was carried out using a ball head overhang test having a diameter of 50 mm with a test piece having a plate thickness of 2.0 mm, a plate width of 50 mm, and a plate length of 100 mm. The shape of the ball head overhang test specimen 1 is shown in FIG. (a) is the test piece (1) in which the weld bead 2 is arranged in the longitudinal direction, and (b) is the test piece (2) in which the weld bead 2 is arranged in the plate width direction. The test was performed on these two shapes. All the test pieces were welded so that the rolling direction and the welding direction were orthogonal to each other, and the start and end portions of the welding were passed through. Each of the ball head projecting specimens 1 was cut out from the welded portion, and the shape was evaluated with ◎ to ×, and the fracture position was observed.

The evaluation criteria for the shape are the same for the test pieces (1) and (2) except for the crosses, and are as follows.
A: 20 mm or more,
○: 18 mm or more and less than 20 mm,
Δ: 15 mm or more and less than 18 mm,
X: Less than 15 mm. However, in the test piece (2), when breakage occurred in the weld metal and the HAZ softened portion, it was evaluated as x regardless of the molding height.

  As a result of the test on the test piece (1), the weld metal fractured in all the test numbers. In the test piece (1), in any steel type, the load on the weld metal was large, and therefore, the fracture occurred in the weld metal. This is because the elongation characteristic of the weld metal is inferior to that of the base metal, and it is clear that the elongation characteristic of the weld metal is a dominant factor for the formability of the member.

  The hardness measurement results of the weld metal are also shown in Table 4. Among the steel types of the strength level 590 MPa class, test numbers 1, 2, 5, 9 to 11, 15 and 17 are suppressed to a level where the weld metal is hardened compared to other steel types having the same strength. In these six steel types, a molding height of about 18 to 20 mm was obtained, whereas the molding heights of test numbers 3, 4 and 6 were 15 to 17 mm. Similarly, when test numbers 7, 8 and 13 using steel sheets having a strength level of 440 MPa class 4 as test materials are compared, the invention steels shown in test numbers 8 and 13 have less hardening of the weld metal and are formed. The height could also be obtained. For materials having a base material strength of 650 MPa or more shown in Test Nos. 12, 14, 16, and 18, it is generally difficult to obtain a molding height due to an increase in the base material strength. A sufficient molding height was obtained. Inventive steel 16 in particular exhibited less molding properties due to less hardening of the weld metal.

  On the other hand, the results of the test with the test piece (2) were broken at the base material or the processed flange portion except for test numbers 5 and 13. Therefore, in steel types other than test numbers 5 and 13, it is estimated that formability is mainly controlled by the base material characteristics. Note that only the steel types of test numbers 5 and 13 were broken in the weld metal and the molding height was inferior to that of other materials, but the cross section perpendicular to the weld bead was cut out and the hardness distribution of the weld was measured. As a result, in the steel types of test numbers 5 and 13, the average hardness of the weld metal was a joint significantly lower than the average hardness of the base metal. Moreover, as for the test number 13, the hardness distribution of the welded portion was measured by the same method. As a result, it was found that the welded heat affected zone softened in the vicinity of the fracture position in the forming test in the steel type of the test number 8. It was.

  Materials with various thicknesses and strengths were welded to the steel grades having a strength level of 590 MPa shown in Examples 1 and 2 and the test pieces (1) and (2) shown in FIG. Both were subjected to a molding test of the weld. The results are shown in Table 5.

  Here, as for the welding counterpart material, a is SPCC (see JIS G 3141).

In the case of the test piece (1), fracture occurred in the weld metal in all the combinations. Among these, test numbers 1, 3, 5-7, and 9 are examples in which the same materials are combined, and only the plate thickness is different. Test Nos. 1 and 3 according to the inventive examples could be molded higher than Test Nos. 5 to 7 and 9 according to the comparative examples. Cut a cross section perpendicular to the weld bead and the measurement results of the hardness distribution of the weld zone, the difference Hv _(WM-BM average hardness Hv _WM and average hardness Hv _BM of the base of the weld metal of Test No. 1 and 3 ₎ Was 50 or less. On the other hand, Hv _(WM-BM) of the weld metals of test numbers 5, 6 and 9 is large, and in the material shown in test number 7, the hardness Hv _WM of the weld metal is the average hardness HV _{BM of the} base material. Was far below.

Test numbers 2, 4 and 8 are examples combined with a material having a low strength and a large plate thickness, and the molding heights of test numbers 2 and 4 according to the present invention example are compared with test number 8 according to the comparative example. It was big. Results of the measurement of the hardness distribution of the weld zone by the same technique, Test No. 8 hardness Hv _WM of the weld metal is far below the average hardness HV _BM of the base material.

Next, the result of the forming test of the weld using the test piece (2) will be described. Among all the conditions, only the test number 7 formed by combining 2.0 mm and 2.3 mm of the comparative steels F resulted in a fracture in the weld metal. For this material, the hardness Hv _WM of the weld metal was much lower than the average hardness HV _BM of the base metal.

Except for the above test number 7, breakage occurred on the base material 1 side in all materials. Among them, test number 1～4,5 and 8 according to the present invention example, the hardness Hv _WM of the weld metal as compared to other small, showed good forming height.

  The hot-rolled steel sheet for tailored blanks and tailored blanks according to the present invention are suitable for applications including welding processes for automobiles, home appliances, machine structures, and buildings.

An example of the measurement position and measurement value of Vickers hardness in the case of welding by combining materials having different plate thicknesses is shown. (a) is a method for determining the measurement position at a depth of 1/4 of the plate thickness from the surface, and (b) is an example of the measured value of average Vickers hardness at a depth of 1/4 of the plate thickness from the surface. is there. The shape of the ball head projecting specimen is shown. (a) is a test piece (1) in which the weld bead 2 is arranged in the longitudinal direction, and (b) is a test piece (2) in which the weld bead 2 is arranged in the plate width direction. In both cases, the left side is before the test, and the right side is after the test.

Explanation of symbols

1 Sphere head projecting specimen 2 Welding line

Claims (5)

A steel plate made of carbon steel or low-alloy steel having a main phase of ferrite and a martensite volume ratio of 5% or less, and an average crystal grain size D of ferrite at a depth of 1/4 of the plate thickness from the steel plate surface ( μm) satisfies the following formulas (1) and (2), and an increase rate X (μm / min) at 700 ° C. of the average crystal grain size of ferrite at a depth position of ¼ of the plate thickness from the steel plate surface. ) And the average crystal grain size D (μm) satisfy the following formula (3), and the C equivalent (Ceq) defined by the following formula (4) is 0.10 to 0.33. A hot-rolled steel sheet for tailored blanks.
1.2 ≦ D ≦ 7 (1) Formula D ≦ 2.7 + 5000 / (5 + 350 · C + 40 · Mn) ² (2) Formula D · X ≦ 0.1 (3) Formula Ceq = C + Mn / 9 + Si / 24 + Cr / 5 + Mo / 4 + Ni / 40 + V / 14
......... (4) where, D is the average grain size of the ferrite at a depth position of 1/4 from the surface of the steel sheet thickness (μm), C, Mn, Si, Cr , Mo, Ni and V respectively represent the content (% by mass) of each element in the steel, and X represents the average crystal grain size D of ferrite at a depth position of ¼ of the plate thickness from the steel plate surface ( (μm) at 700 ° C. (μm / min). A steel plate made of carbon steel or low alloy steel having ferrite as a main phase and a martensite volume fraction of 5% or less and a bainite volume fraction of 50% or less, and having a depth of 1/4 of the plate thickness from the steel plate surface. The average crystal grain size D (μm) of ferrite in the above satisfies the following formulas (1) and (2), and is 700 of the average crystal grain size of ferrite at a depth position of ¼ of the plate thickness from the steel sheet surface. The increase rate X (μm / min) and the average crystal grain size D (μm) at 0 ° C. satisfy the following formula (3), and the C equivalent (Ceq) defined by the following formula (4) is 0.10. Hot rolled steel sheet for tailored blanks, characterized in that it is ˜0.33.
1.2 ≦ D ≦ 7 (1) Formula D ≦ 2.7 + 5000 / (5 + 350 · C + 40 · Mn) 2 (2) Formula D · X ≦ 0.1 (3) Formula Ceq = C + Mn / 9 + Si / 24 + Cr / 5 + Mo / 4 + Ni / 40 + V / 14
......... (4) where, D is the average grain size of the ferrite at a depth position of 1/4 from the surface of the steel sheet thickness (μm), C, Mn, Si, Cr , Mo, Ni and V respectively represent the content (% by mass) of each element in the steel, and X represents the average crystal grain size D of ferrite at a depth position of ¼ of the plate thickness from the steel plate surface ( (μm) at 700 ° C. (μm / min). The ferrite crystal grain size d (μm) satisfying the following formula (5) at the depth position of 1/4 of the plate thickness from the steel plate surface, the area ratio of the ferrite crystal grains to the ferrite is 80% or more. The hot-rolled steel sheet for tailored blanks according to claim 1 or 2, characterized by
D / 3 ≦ d ≦ 3D (5) where d is the crystal grain size (μm) of ferrite, and D is the thickness of the steel sheet from the surface of the steel sheet. The average crystal grain size (μm) of ferrite at a depth position of / 4 is shown.   A base material comprising the hot-rolled steel sheet for tailored blanks according to any one of claims 1 to 3 is at least partially or entirely on one side, and the ratio of the weld bead width (mm) to the plate thickness (mm) is 1. A tailored blank, characterized by having a weld that is greater than or equal to 0. The difference Hv _(WM−BM) between the average Vickers hardness Hv _BM at a depth of ¼ of the plate thickness from the surface of the base metal made of hot-rolled steel sheet and the average Vickers hardness Hv _WM of the weld metal at the same depth. The tailored blank according to claim 4, wherein the following expression (6) is satisfied.
Hv _(WM-BM) ≦ 80 (6) where Hv _BM is an average at a depth of 1/4 of the plate thickness from the surface of the base material. Vickers hardness and Hv _WM indicate the average Vickers hardness of the weld metal at this same depth.

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