JP2008179590A - Salmonella infection inhibitor for poult and method for inhibiting salmonella infection of poult by using the same - Google Patents
Salmonella infection inhibitor for poult and method for inhibiting salmonella infection of poult by using the same Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Description
本発明は、雛鶏用サルモネラ感染抑制剤及びそれを用いる雛鶏のサルモネラ感染抑制方法に関する。 The present invention relates to an agent for inhibiting Salmonella infection for chicks and a method for inhibiting Salmonella infection of chicks using the same.
集団食中毒の発生がしばしば社会問題となるが、その病因物質別の食中毒統計でサルモネラ食中毒の発生件数、患者数は依然と高い順位を占めている。その主要原因のひとつに鶏卵のサルモネラ エンテリティディス（Salmonella Enteritidis）(以下、サルモネラと記すこともある。)による食中毒多発が挙げられる。
採卵鶏がサルモネラに感染すると鶏体内で卵巣や卵管に分布し、鶏卵に入り込む。従って鶏が卵を産んだ段階ですでに卵内部はサルモネラに汚染されている（In-Eggの汚染）。In-Eggの汚染を受けた卵は外観では汚染の有無は鑑別できず、ＧＰセンター(Grading and Packaging Center、鶏卵を洗浄し大きさ別に選別しパックする工場)での洗浄工程でも鶏卵内部の汚染は除去できない。
たとえ鶏群がサルモネラに汚染されていても、サルモネラ汚染卵が産出される率は０．０１〜１％程度と低いが、しかしながら、調理の際にたまたまサルモネラ汚染卵が使用され、加熱不十分によりサルモネラが生残し調理品の保存温度が不適切であった場合にはサルモネラは再び活発に増殖し食中毒を起こすほどの菌数まで増加し食中毒を起こすことがある。特に抵抗性の低い幼児、老人又は病人では健康成人に比して少ない菌数でも食中毒が起こる。よって、サルモネラによる食中毒は家庭でも発生することもあるが、外食産業施設、学校、病院、軍隊等の給食施設で発生する集団食中毒は極めて深刻な社会問題を引き起こす。
鶏卵の衛生的品質を確保し、サルモネラ食中毒を減少させるためには農場から食卓までの生産流通の全ての段階での対策が必要である。しかしサルモネラを考えた場合、農場で鶏群をサルモネラ不在の状況に維持すること、または汚染率を減少させることが最大のポイントである。
鶏は特に若齢期にはサルモネラに対する感受性が極めて高く、事実雛鶏に少数のサルモネラを感染させると大量に排菌することが知られている。現代養鶏では雛鶏の生産は孵化場で行われていて、雛鶏は親鶏と接触する機会を持っておらず、且つ種鶏からの病気の伝播を防ぐために各段階で徹底的消毒が行われていて、雛鶏は腸管系病原菌の感染防御に必要な有用腸内菌叢を親鶏から受け継ぐことができないのが上記の現象の最大の理由である。従って野外で普通に飼育されているサルモネラの感染防御に必要な腸内菌叢が成立するには６週間以上の長い時間が必要であると言われている。
このように、親と接触なしに生産飼育されているのは家畜のなかでは鶏を含めた家禽類だけであり、腸内菌叢が未熟な若齢期にはサルモネラに感染すると鶏群内の高度の汚染が生起し、これがのちの鶏群のサルモネラ汚染率に影響すると考えられている。
このため、成鶏の腸内菌叢を雛鶏に強制的に定着させ、その後にサルモネラが経口的に感染しても雛鶏の体内でのサルモネラ増殖が抑制され、野外で通常見られるような高度な排菌を起させないようなサルモネラ感染抑制方法も見出されている（例えば、特開平11-302185参照）。
Incidence of mass food poisoning is often a social problem, but the number of cases of Salmonella food poisoning and the number of patients still occupy a high rank in the food poisoning statistics for each etiological agent. One of the main causes is frequent food poisoning due to Salmonella Enteritidis (hereinafter sometimes referred to as Salmonella) in chicken eggs.
When eggs are infected with Salmonella, they are distributed in the ovaries and fallopian tubes and enter the eggs. Therefore, at the stage when the chicken lays eggs, the inside of the egg is already contaminated with Salmonella (In-Egg contamination). Eggs that have been contaminated with In-Egg cannot be distinguished from appearance by appearance. Contamination of eggs inside the egg even during the washing process at the GP Center (Grading and Packaging Center, a factory that cleans eggs and sorts them according to size) Cannot be removed.
Even if the flock is contaminated with Salmonella, the rate at which Salmonella-contaminated eggs are produced is as low as about 0.01 to 1%. However, when Salmonella-contaminated eggs are used during cooking, If Salmonella survives and the storage temperature of the cooked product is not appropriate, Salmonella can grow actively and increase the number of bacteria to cause food poisoning, which can cause food poisoning. In particular, food poisoning occurs in low-resistant infants, elderly people, or sick people even with a small number of bacteria compared to healthy adults. Thus, food poisoning caused by Salmonella may occur at home, but collective food poisoning that occurs in food service facilities such as restaurant industry facilities, schools, hospitals, and military forces causes extremely serious social problems.
In order to ensure the hygienic quality of eggs and to reduce Salmonella food poisoning, it is necessary to take measures at all stages of production distribution from the farm to the table. However, when considering Salmonella, the main point is to keep the flock in the absence of Salmonella on the farm or to reduce the contamination rate.
Chickens are extremely sensitive to Salmonella, especially at an early age, and it is known that a large number of chickens can be eradicated when infected with a small number of Salmonella. In modern poultry farming, chicks are produced in the hatchery, chicks do not have the opportunity to come into contact with their parent chickens, and thorough disinfection is performed at each stage to prevent the transmission of disease from the seed chickens. The main reason for the above phenomenon is that chicks cannot inherit the useful intestinal flora necessary for the defense against intestinal pathogens from their parent chickens. Therefore, it is said that a long time of 6 weeks or more is required to establish the intestinal microflora necessary for the defense against infection of Salmonella normally bred outdoors.
In this way, only poultry including chickens are produced and raised without contact with their parents, and if the intestinal flora is immature, infection with Salmonella in younger ages, A high degree of contamination occurs, which is believed to affect the rate of Salmonella contamination in later flocks.
For this reason, the intestinal flora of adult chickens is forced to settle in chicks, and even if Salmonella is orally infected thereafter, the growth of Salmonella in chicks is suppressed, and it is usually seen in the field A method for suppressing Salmonella infection that does not cause advanced sterilization has also been found (see, for example, JP-A-11-302185).
本発明では、性成熟に達し成鶏となる以前の雛鶏に（特に雛鶏の孵化後できるだけ早期に）投与して優れた効果を発揮可能な雛鶏用サルモネラ感染抑制剤及びそれを用いる雛鶏のサルモネラ感染抑制方法を提供することを課題とする。 In the present invention, a Salmonella infection inhibitor for chicks that can be administered to chicks before reaching sexual maturity and becoming adults (especially as soon as possible after hatching), and a chick using the same. It is an object to provide a method for suppressing Salmonella infection in chickens.
本発明者等は、かかる状況下において鋭意検討した結果、本発明に至った。
即ち、本発明は、
１．有効成分としてグルコン酸類を含有することを特徴とする雛鶏用サルモネラ感染抑制剤（以下、本発明感染抑制剤と記すこともある。）：
２．前項１記載の雛鶏用サルモネラ抑制剤が添加されてなることを特徴とする雛鶏用サルモネラ感染抑制強化飼料組成物（以下、本発明飼料組成物と記すこともある。）；
３．前項１記載の雛鶏用サルモネラ感染抑制剤又は請求項２記載の雛鶏用サルモネラ感染抑制強化飼料組成物の有効量を雛鶏に投与する工程を有することを特徴とする雛鶏のサルモネラ感染抑制方法（以下、本発明感染抑制方法と記すこともある。）；
４．雛鶏が孵化後０〜５週令の雛鶏であることを特徴とする前項３記載の雛鶏のサルモネラ感染抑制方法；
５．雛鶏のサルモネラ感染を抑制するための組成物の製造のための、グルコン酸類の使用（以下、本発明使用と記すこともある。）；
等を提供するものである。
As a result of intensive studies under such circumstances, the present inventors have arrived at the present invention.
That is, the present invention
1. Salmonella infection inhibitor for chicks characterized by containing gluconic acids as an active ingredient (hereinafter sometimes referred to as the present invention infection inhibitor):
2. A chick chicken Salmonella infection-suppressing enhanced feed composition comprising the chick chicken Salmonella inhibitor described in the preceding item 1 added (hereinafter sometimes referred to as the present invention feed composition);
3. Suppression of Salmonella infection in chicks, comprising the step of administering to the chicks an effective amount of the Salmonella infection inhibitor for chicks according to Item 1 or the Salmonella infection suppression enhanced feed composition for chicks according to Claim 2. Method (hereinafter may be referred to as the present invention infection control method);
4). The method for suppressing Salmonella infection in chickens according to item 3 above, wherein the chickens are those 0 to 5 weeks old after hatching;
5. Use of gluconic acids for the production of a composition for suppressing Salmonella infection in chicks (hereinafter sometimes referred to as use of the present invention);
Etc. are provided.
本発明により、雛鶏の孵化後できるだけ早期に投与して優れた効果を発揮可能な雛鶏用サルモネラ感染抑制剤及びそれを用いる雛鶏のサルモネラ感染抑制方法を提供することが可能になる。 ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION By this invention, it becomes possible to provide the Salmonella infection inhibitor for chicks which can administer as early as possible after hatching of a chick, and can exhibit the outstanding effect, and the Salmonella infection suppression method of a chick using the same.
以下、詳細に本発明を説明する。 Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail.
鶏の育成では、通常、卵から孵化した雛（通常、「初生雛」と呼ばれる。）を成鶏まで育てられる。鶏の場合には、特に採卵鶏では孵化後の餌付けから５週令までを「幼雛」と呼び、自らは体温調節ができないので、温度管理された育雛器で飼育される。その後、「中雛期」（６〜１０週令）、「大雛期」（１１〜１７周令）を経て性成熟に達し「成鶏」となる。中雛期〜大雛期は、通常、育雛農場において群飼ケージかコンクリート床に敷料を敷いて平面飼育される。その後、性成熟に達し成鶏は、育雛農場から成雛農場へ移される。
本発明では、性成熟に達し成鶏となる以前の雛鶏（即ち、初生雛〜幼雛〜中雛期雛〜大雛期雛）を対象とするものである。このような雛鶏のからでも幼雛を好ましい対象として挙げることができる。さらに好ましい対象としては、孵化後０〜７日令の雛鶏が挙げられる。
In raising chickens, chicks hatched from eggs (usually called “primary chicks”) are usually raised to adult chickens. In the case of hens, egg-laying hens are called “young chicks” from feeding after hatching to 5 weeks of age, and they cannot be controlled by themselves, so they are raised in temperature-controlled chicks. Then, after reaching the “middle chick period” (6 to 10 weeks old) and the “large chick period” (11 to 17 laps), it reaches sexual maturity and becomes “adult chicken”. During the middle and large chick periods, they are usually raised on a chick farm with a group cage or concrete floor laid. Thereafter, sexual maturity is reached and the adult chicken is transferred from the chick farm to the adult chick farm.
In the present invention, chicks before reaching sexual maturity and becoming adult chicks (that is, primary chicks, young chicks, middle chicks, large chicks) are targeted. From such chicks, young chicks can be cited as preferred targets. A more preferable subject includes chicks aged 0-7 days after hatching.
本発明感染抑制剤は、有効成分としてグルコン酸類を含有する。
本発明感染抑制剤において一つの有効成分として用いられる「グルコン酸類」とは、グルコン酸若しくはその薬学的に等価な効果を有するグルコン酸の塩若しくは誘導体を意味する。当該グルコン酸の塩若しくは誘導体としては、具体的には例えば、グルコン酸ナトリウム、グルコン酸カルシウム、グルコン酸の分子内エステル（即ち、ラクトン化合物）等を挙げることができる。好ましくは、グルコン酸ナトリウムが挙げられる。ここで「薬学的に等価な効果」とは、雛鶏用サルモネラ感染抑制強化飼料組成物に対する雛鶏用サルモネラ感染抑制剤としての使用におけるグルコン酸ナトリウムと同等なサルモネラ感染抑制効果を意味する。
好適な分子内エステルとしては、例えば、グルコノデルタラクトン、グルコノガンマラクトンが挙げられる。
The infection inhibitor of the present invention contains gluconic acids as an active ingredient.
The “gluconic acid” used as one active ingredient in the infection inhibitor of the present invention means gluconic acid or a salt or derivative of gluconic acid having a pharmaceutically equivalent effect. Specific examples of the salt or derivative of gluconic acid include sodium gluconate, calcium gluconate, an intramolecular ester of gluconic acid (that is, a lactone compound), and the like. Preferably, sodium gluconate is used. Here, the “pharmacologically equivalent effect” means a salmonella infection-suppressing effect equivalent to sodium gluconate in use as a salmonella infection-suppressing agent for chicks against a feed composition for suppressing suppression of Salmonella infection for chicks.
Examples of suitable intramolecular esters include glucono delta lactone and glucono gamma lactone.
本発明感染抑制剤を用いる場合には、他の何らの成分も加えず、そのままグルコン酸類を用いてよいが、通常はグルコン酸類にさらに固体坦体、液体坦体等の賦形剤とともに、錠剤、粉末剤、顆粒剤、カプセル剤、水溶剤、液剤、水和剤及び懸濁剤等に通常の方法（例えば、製剤学、大塚昭信ら編、１９９５年、南江堂刊に記載される方法等）に準じて製剤化してから用いてもよい。
固体坦体である賦形剤としては、例えば、乳糖、ショ糖、ブドウ糖、コーンスターチ、ゼラチン、カゼイン、澱粉、アラビアガム、セルロース誘導体、アルギン酸等が挙げられる。また液体担体である賦形剤としては、例えば、水、グリセリン、植物油、脂肪酸、脂肪酸エステル、ソルビトール等が挙げられる。
尚、本発明感染抑制剤には、例えば、ペプチド亜鉛、ペプチド鉄等の有機ミネラル、炭酸亜鉛、炭酸マンガン、硫酸鉄、炭酸マグネシウム等の無機ミネラル、ビタミンＡ、ビタミンＢ、ビタミンＣ、ビタミンＤ、ビタミンＥ、ビタミンＫ、葉酸、パントテン酸、ニコチン酸等のビタミン類、アルファルファミール、圧ペントウモロコシ等が含有されていてもよい。また、嗜好性を高める為、同時にフレーバー等を給与してもよい。
さらに必要により、抗菌剤、防カビ剤、駆虫剤、抗酸化剤、色素、着香料、呈味料、酵素のような通常の添加物と混合してもよく、通常の方法により、散剤、顆粒剤、液剤、錠剤等の形態に製剤化して用いることが好ましい。これらの製剤には、有効成分としてグルコン酸類を、通常、重量比で約０．０１〜９５重量％含有させることがよい。
When using the infection control agent of the present invention, gluconic acids may be used as they are without adding any other components. Usually, tablets are added to gluconic acids together with excipients such as a solid carrier and a liquid carrier. , Powders, granules, capsules, aqueous solvents, liquids, wettable powders and suspensions, etc. (for example, the method described in Pharmaceutical Sciences, edited by Akinobu Otsuka et al., 1995, published by Nankodo) You may use it after formulating according to.
Examples of the excipient that is a solid carrier include lactose, sucrose, glucose, corn starch, gelatin, casein, starch, gum arabic, cellulose derivatives, alginic acid and the like. Examples of excipients that are liquid carriers include water, glycerin, vegetable oils, fatty acids, fatty acid esters, sorbitol, and the like.
The infection control agent of the present invention includes, for example, organic minerals such as peptide zinc and peptide iron, inorganic minerals such as zinc carbonate, manganese carbonate, iron sulfate and magnesium carbonate, vitamin A, vitamin B, vitamin C, vitamin D, Vitamins such as vitamin E, vitamin K, folic acid, pantothenic acid, nicotinic acid, alfalfa meal, pressure pen corn and the like may be contained. Moreover, in order to improve palatability, you may pay flavor etc. simultaneously.
Furthermore, if necessary, it may be mixed with usual additives such as antibacterial agents, antifungal agents, anthelmintic agents, antioxidants, pigments, flavoring agents, flavoring agents and enzymes. It is preferable to formulate and use in the form of an agent, a liquid, a tablet and the like. In these preparations, gluconic acids as active ingredients are usually contained in an amount of about 0.01 to 95% by weight.
このようにして製剤化された本発明感染抑制剤は、そのままで、あるいは水等に希釈して用いる。また、さらに他の抗菌剤、防カビ剤、駆虫剤、抗酸化剤、色素、着香料、呈味料、酵素のような通常の添加物等を混用又は同時若しくは非同時に併用することもできる。 The infection control agent of the present invention thus formulated is used as it is or diluted in water or the like. Furthermore, other antibacterial agents, antifungal agents, anthelmintic agents, antioxidants, pigments, flavoring agents, flavoring agents, usual additives such as enzymes, and the like can be mixed or used together or simultaneously.
本発明感染抑制剤の雛鶏への投与は特別の制限はなく、後述のような飼料へ撒布、混合等適宜の方法によることができる。投与量は、要するに雛鶏のサルモネラ感染抑制効果に有効な量、即ち、他の条件を等しくした場合において、本発明感染抑制剤を投与したときの方が投与しないときに較べて雛鶏のサルモネラ感染抑制効果が増進される量である。 Administration of the infection inhibitor of the present invention to chicks is not particularly limited, and can be carried out by an appropriate method such as spreading and mixing with feed as described below. In short, the dose is an effective amount for suppressing the effects of chick chicken on Salmonella infection, that is, when other conditions are made equal, the administration of the infection inhibitor of the present invention is compared with the case of not administering the chick chicken Salmonella. This is the amount by which the infection control effect is enhanced.
雛鶏に投与しようとする本発明感染抑制剤の有効成分を混合、ゲル化し自由摂取させる方法は、孵化場及び育雛農場のいずれでも実施することができる他、孵化場から育雛農場への雛鶏の輸送中にも実施することができる。 The method of mixing, gelling and freely ingesting the active ingredient of the infection inhibitor of the present invention to be administered to chicks can be carried out at any of the hatchery and the chick farm, as well as from the hatchery to the chick farm. It can also be carried out during transportation.
また、本発明感染抑制剤の有効成分に所定量の水溶性多糖類の粉末を配合したゲル化用調製物を用意しておき、孵化場及び農場で使用する際に水で希釈しゲル状固形物とし、対象とする雛鶏に投与する方法（即ち、自由摂取、そ嚢内直接投与）を実施することができる。 In addition, a preparation for gelation in which a predetermined amount of water-soluble polysaccharide powder is blended with the active ingredient of the infection control agent of the present invention is prepared, and diluted with water when used in hatcheries and farms, gelled solid And can be administered to target chicks (ie, free intake, direct administration in the sac).
本発明感染抑制剤は、通常、単独で用いるほか、水に希釈してから製剤希釈液として使用してもよい（即ち、飲水希釈投与）。当該製剤希釈液中の有効成分濃度としては、通常、約１０〜５０００００ｐｐｍ程度を挙げることができる。好ましくは約３５〜３５００ｐｐｍ程度が挙げられる。当該製剤希釈液の投与方法としては、通常、水１リッターに対して本発明感染抑制剤を約０．０１〜５００ｇ溶解し、投与液量に処理する方法等を挙げることができる。好ましくは、水１リッターに対して約０．０３５〜３５ｇを溶解し投与する方法等を挙げることができる。 The infection-suppressing agent of the present invention is usually used alone, or may be used as a preparation diluent after being diluted in water (ie, drinking water dilution administration). As an active ingredient density | concentration in the said formulation dilution liquid, about 10-500,000 ppm can be mentioned normally. Preferably, about 35 to 3500 ppm is mentioned. Examples of the method for administering the preparation diluent include a method in which about 0.01 to 500 g of the infection inhibitor of the present invention is usually dissolved in 1 liter of water and treated to give a dose. Preferable examples include a method of dissolving and administering about 0.035 to 35 g per liter of water.
前記の製剤希釈液を雛鶏に投与する場合には、飲水添加装置等を用いて、当該製剤希釈液を投与すればよい。当該製剤希釈液の投与液量は、対象となる雛鶏の大きさ、生育状況、飼育密度又は投与方法等に応じて適宜調節すればよいが、通常１００００羽当たり約３００〜２０００リットル程度を挙げることができる。 In the case where the above-mentioned preparation diluent is administered to chicks, the preparation dilution may be administered using a drinking water adding device or the like. The dosage of the preparation dilution may be adjusted as appropriate according to the size, growth status, breeding density, administration method, etc. of the target chicks, and is usually about 300 to 2000 liters per 10,000 birds. be able to.
本発明感染抑制剤の投与の時期及び実施期間は、採卵用種及び肉用種において、育雛の全期間継続して、好ましくは幼雛期（孵化後０〜５週令の雛鶏）に投与する。より好ましくは孵化後０〜７日に投与する。 The timing and duration of administration of the infection suppressant of the present invention are continued throughout the chick raising period in the egg-collecting species and the meat-seeding species, and are preferably administered during the infancy period (chicken chicks 0 to 5 weeks old after hatching). More preferably, it is administered from 0 to 7 days after hatching.
本発明飼料組成物は、本発明感染抑制剤が添加されてなる。通常、本発明感染抑制剤が動物用飼料又は飲料水若しくは生理電解質溶液等に添加されてなる。
本発明飼料組成物に関しては、例えば、本発明感染抑制剤が飼料全量の約０．２５〜５重量％の割合で添加されてなることがよい。
本発明飼料組成物で用いられる動物用飼料又は飲料水若しくは生理電解質溶液は、一般に使用されているものであればよく、特に限定されない。これらの一例としては、とうもろこし、米、麦、マイロ、大豆粕、ふすま、脱脂米ぬか、魚粉、脱脂粉乳、乾燥ホエー、油脂、アルファルファミール、北洋ミール、大豆油脂、粉末精製牛脂、小麦粉、なたね油脂、肉骨粉（フェザーミール）、動物性油脂、リン酸カルシウム、コーングルテンミール、糖蜜、コーンジャームミール、炭酸カルシウム、リン酸三カルシウム、塩化ナトリウム、塩化コリン、ビタミン類（ビタミンＡ、ビタミンＢ１、ビタミンＢ２、ビタミンＢ６、ビタミンＢ１２、ビタミンＤ、ビタミンＥ、パントテン酸カルシウム、ニコチン酸アミド、葉酸等）、アミノ酸類（リジン、メチオニン等）、微量無機塩類（硫酸マグネシウム、硫酸鉄、硫酸銅、硫酸亜鉛、ヨウ化カリウム、硫酸コバルト等）、生菌剤等を適宜混合して調製した飼料等が挙げられる。
The feed composition of the present invention is obtained by adding the infection inhibitor of the present invention. Usually, the infection inhibitor of the present invention is added to animal feed, drinking water, physiological electrolyte solution or the like.
Regarding the feed composition of the present invention, for example, the infection inhibitor of the present invention may be added at a ratio of about 0.25 to 5% by weight of the total amount of the feed.
Animal feed or drinking water or physiological electrolyte solution used in the feed composition of the present invention is not particularly limited as long as it is generally used. Examples of these are corn, rice, wheat, milo, soybean meal, bran, defatted rice bran, fish meal, skim milk powder, dried whey, fats and oils, alfalfa meal, North Sea meal, soybean oil and fat, powdered beef fat, wheat flour, rapeseed oil and fat, meat Bone meal (feather meal), animal fats, calcium phosphate, corn gluten meal, molasses, corn germ meal, calcium carbonate, tricalcium phosphate, sodium chloride, choline chloride, vitamins (vitamin A, vitamin B1, vitamin B2, vitamin B6) , Vitamin B12, vitamin D, vitamin E, calcium pantothenate, nicotinamide, folic acid, etc., amino acids (lysine, methionine, etc.), trace inorganic salts (magnesium sulfate, iron sulfate, copper sulfate, zinc sulfate, potassium iodide) , Cobalt sulfate, etc.) Feed, etc. prepared Te and the like.
尚、本発明飼料組成物には、例えば、ペプチド亜鉛、ペプチド鉄等の有機ミネラル、炭酸亜鉛、炭酸マンガン、硫酸鉄、炭酸マグネシウム等の無機ミネラル、ビタミンＡ、ビタミンＢ、ビタミンＣ、ビタミンＤ、ビタミンＥ、ビタミンＫ、葉酸、パントテン酸、ニコチン酸等のビタミン類、アルファルファミール、圧ペントウモロコシ等が含有されていてもよい。また、嗜好性を高める為、同時にフレーバー等を給与してもよい。 The feed composition of the present invention includes, for example, organic minerals such as peptide zinc and peptide iron, inorganic minerals such as zinc carbonate, manganese carbonate, iron sulfate, and magnesium carbonate, vitamin A, vitamin B, vitamin C, vitamin D, Vitamins such as vitamin E, vitamin K, folic acid, pantothenic acid, nicotinic acid, alfalfa meal, pressure pen corn and the like may be contained. Moreover, in order to improve palatability, you may pay flavor etc. simultaneously.
本発明飼料組成物の雛鶏への投与は特別の制限はなく、後述のような飼料へ撒布、混合等適宜の方法を利用した給与法によることができる。投与量は、要するに雛鶏のサルモネラ感染抑制効果に有効な量、即ち、他の条件を等しくした場合において、本発明飼料組成物を投与したときの方が投与しないときに較べて雛鶏のサルモネラ感染抑制効果が増進される量である。 Administration of the feed composition of the present invention to chicks is not particularly limited, and can be performed by a feeding method using an appropriate method such as spreading and mixing the feed as described below. In short, the dosage is an effective amount for suppressing the effects of chick chickens on Salmonella infection, that is, when other conditions are made equal, when the feed composition of the present invention is administered, compared to when it is not administered, the chick Salmonella is administered. This is the amount by which the infection control effect is enhanced.
本発明飼料組成物の投与の時期及び実施期間は、採卵用種及び肉用種において、育雛の全期間継続して、好ましくは幼雛期（孵化後０〜５週令の雛鶏）に投与する。より好ましくは孵化後０〜７日に給与する。 The administration time and the implementation period of the feed composition of the present invention are continuously administered throughout the breeding period in the egg-collecting seed and the meat-seeding seed, and are preferably administered in the infancy period (chicken chicks 0 to 5 weeks old after hatching). More preferably, the salary is 0 to 7 days after hatching.
本発明飼料組成物は、動物用飼料に配合して用いる場合には、グルコン酸ナトリウムを約０．０００５〜５重量％、好ましくは約０．０５〜２重量％、より好ましくは約０．１〜１重量％の割合で用いることができる。また、飲料水若しくは生理電解質溶液に添加して用いる場合には、グルコン酸ナトリウムを約０．０３５〜３．５重量％、好ましくは約０．０３５〜１．４重量％、より好ましくは約０．０７〜０．７重量％の割合で用いることができる。 When the feed composition of the present invention is used in an animal feed, the sodium gluconate is used in an amount of about 0.0005 to 5% by weight, preferably about 0.05 to 2% by weight, more preferably about 0.1. It can be used at a ratio of ˜1% by weight. When used by adding to drinking water or physiological electrolyte solution, sodium gluconate is used in an amount of about 0.035 to 3.5% by weight, preferably about 0.035 to 1.4% by weight, more preferably about 0. 0.07 to 0.7% by weight can be used.
本発明感染抑制方法は、本発明感染抑制剤又は本発明飼料組成物の有効量を雛鶏に投与する工程を有する。当該方法において、本発明飼料組成物は、前記動物に通常の方法で与えることができる。上記の有効量は、いずれも製剤の種類、対象動物、摂取させる期間等の状況によって異なり、上記の範囲に関わることなく増減して適宜選択することができる。
具体的には例えば、本発明感染抑制剤は雛鶏に投与するのに適した濃度になるように水で希釈される。このようにして得られた希釈液を使用してもよい。尚、希釈倍率は従来の飲水希釈投与法に準じて適用すればよく、例えば、５〜１０倍程度の希釈液が好ましく使用される。
また、具体的には例えば、本発明感染抑制剤を所定濃度になるように水で希釈し、これに攪拌下水溶性多糖類を添加混合し、均一な溶液とし、常温で放置するか、若しくは冷所（例えば、冷蔵庫等）に保管することによりゲル状固形物が得られる。または高温で溶解し低温で凝固するゲル化剤（例えば、寒天、ゼラチン等）を用いる場合には、本発明感染抑制剤を作成するための培地にあらかじめゲル化剤を加えておき、培地を高圧蒸気殺菌後冷却してゲル化直前に種菌を接種し３７℃で培養した後、これを常温で放置するか、若しくは冷所（例えば、冷蔵庫等）に保管することによってもゲル状固形物が得られる。このようにして得られたゲル状固形物を使用してもよい。尚、ゲル化した場合のゲル強度は、概ね２００〜２０００ｇ／ｃｍ2が適当であり、寒天を用いた場合には寒天の種類により異なるが、概ね０．５〜３．０％の濃度に相当する。
本発明感染抑制剤を水媒体中でゲル化させるのに使用される多糖類しては、例えば、寒天、カラギーナン、カルボキシメチルセルロース、澱粉、マンナン、ゼラチン、アルギン酸ナトリウム、アラビヤガム、ロウストビーンガム、キサンタンガム、キトサン、グアーガム、ペクチン、アルギン酸プロピルグリコールエステル、アラビノガラクタン、ガティガム、タマリンドシードガム、プルラン、モルホリン脂肪酸塩、カードラン、トラガントガム等が挙げられる。これらの多糖類の中、安価且つ容易に入手し得る点から、特に寒天、澱粉、マンナン、ゼラチンを用いることが好ましい。
例えば、前記のゲル状固形物を、飲水量及び飼料摂取量の少ない概ね０〜７日令の雛鶏に投与すると、床面の固形物を嘴で突っついて摂取しようとする雛鶏の遺伝的プログラム（習性）によって短時間に本発明感染抑制剤の必要量を省力的に摂取させることができる。この際、前記のような若令期の雛鶏に投与することが困難であった生菌剤、ワクチン、薬剤、栄養等も必要に応じて本発明感染抑制剤と共に混合して水溶性多糖類でゲル化し自然摂取させることにより、これらを本発明感染抑制剤と同時に効率よく雛鶏に投与することもできる。また、雛鶏の時期における水分及び栄養の補給はその後の生産性にとって極めて重要であり、栄養を投与する場合には、グルコース、マンノース、フラクトース等の単糖類及びこれらのオリゴ体、シュークロース等の二糖類の糖類等の炭水化物、スキムミルク等の蛋白質、脂質に加えてビタミン、ミネラル等が挙げられる。
The infection control method of the present invention includes a step of administering an effective amount of the infection control agent of the present invention or the feed composition of the present invention to chicks. In the said method, this invention feed composition can be given to the said animal by a normal method. The above-mentioned effective amount varies depending on the type of preparation, the target animal, the period of ingestion, etc., and can be appropriately selected by increasing / decreasing regardless of the above range.
Specifically, for example, the infection inhibitor of the present invention is diluted with water to a concentration suitable for administration to chicks. The diluted solution thus obtained may be used. In addition, what is necessary is just to apply a dilution rate according to the conventional drinking water dilution administration method, for example, about 5-10 times dilution liquid is used preferably.
Specifically, for example, the infection inhibitor of the present invention is diluted with water so as to have a predetermined concentration, and a water-soluble polysaccharide is added and mixed with stirring to obtain a uniform solution, which is allowed to stand at room temperature or cooled. A gel-like solid is obtained by storing in a place (for example, a refrigerator). Alternatively, when using a gelling agent that dissolves at a high temperature and solidifies at a low temperature (eg, agar, gelatin, etc.), the gelling agent is added in advance to the medium for preparing the infection inhibitor of the present invention, and the medium is pressurized to a high pressure. After cooling by steam sterilization and inoculating the inoculum immediately before gelation and culturing at 37 ° C, the gel-like solid can be obtained by leaving it at room temperature or storing it in a cold place (for example, a refrigerator). It is done. The gel-like solid thus obtained may be used. The gel strength in the case of gelation is generally 200 to 2000 g / cm @ 2, and when agar is used, it varies depending on the type of agar, but it corresponds to a concentration of approximately 0.5 to 3.0%. .
Examples of the polysaccharide used for gelling the infection inhibitor of the present invention in an aqueous medium include, for example, agar, carrageenan, carboxymethylcellulose, starch, mannan, gelatin, sodium alginate, arabic gum, roast bean gum, xanthan gum , Chitosan, guar gum, pectin, alginate propyl glycol ester, arabinogalactan, gati gum, tamarind seed gum, pullulan, morpholine fatty acid salt, curdlan, tragacanth gum and the like. Among these polysaccharides, it is particularly preferable to use agar, starch, mannan and gelatin from the viewpoint of being inexpensive and easily available.
For example, when the gel-like solid is administered to chicks of about 0 to 7 days of age with a small amount of drinking water and feed intake, genetics of chicks trying to ingest the solids on the floor with a bowl The necessary amount of the infection inhibitor of the present invention can be ingested labor-saving in a short time by the program (behavior). At this time, if necessary, live bacteria, vaccines, drugs, nutrients, etc., which were difficult to administer to young chicks as described above, are mixed with the infection suppressant of the present invention to produce water-soluble polysaccharides. These can be gelled and naturally ingested so that they can be efficiently administered to chicks simultaneously with the infection inhibitor of the present invention. In addition, the supply of water and nutrients at the time of chicks is extremely important for the subsequent productivity. When nutrition is administered, monosaccharides such as glucose, mannose, and fructose, and oligosaccharides such as oligosaccharides, sucrose, etc. In addition to carbohydrates such as saccharides of disaccharides, proteins such as skim milk, lipids, vitamins, minerals and the like can be mentioned.
本発明は、勿論、雛鶏のサルモネラ感染を抑制するための組成物の製造のための、グルコン酸類の使用（即ち、本発明使用）を含む。 The present invention, of course, includes the use of gluconic acids (ie use of the present invention) for the manufacture of a composition for inhibiting Salmonella infection in chicks.
以下、本発明を製剤例及び試験例によりさらに詳しく説明するが本発明はこれらの例に限定されるものではない。 Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to formulation examples and test examples, but the present invention is not limited to these examples.
製剤例１ 散剤
グルコン酸ナトリウム２５部と、乳糖２５部とを乳鉢でよく混合した後、当該混合物を充分攪拌混合することにより、散剤を得る。
Formulation Example 1 Powder A powder is obtained by thoroughly mixing 25 parts of sodium gluconate and 25 parts of lactose in a mortar and then sufficiently stirring and mixing the mixture.
製剤例２ 顆粒剤
グルコン酸ナトリウム２５部と乳糖２５部とを加え、よく攪拌混合する。次いで、これらの混合物に適当量の水を加え、さらに攪拌した後、これを増粒機で製粒し、通風乾燥することにより、顆粒剤を得る。
Formulation Example 2 Granules Add 25 parts of sodium gluconate and 25 parts of lactose and mix well with stirring. Next, after adding an appropriate amount of water to these mixtures and further stirring, the mixture is granulated with a granulator and dried by ventilation to obtain granules.
製剤例３ 液剤
グルコン酸ナトリウム２５部を水５０部に溶解した後、当該混合物をよく攪拌混合することにより、液剤を得る。
Formulation Example 3 Solution After dissolving 25 parts of sodium gluconate in 50 parts of water, the mixture is thoroughly stirred and mixed to obtain a solution.
次に本発明飼料添加物が優れた動物肥育促進効果を示すことを試験例により示す。 Next, it is shown by test examples that the feed additive of the present invention exhibits an excellent animal fattening promoting effect.
試験例１ （バリアーされた実験室にてＳａｌｍｏｎｅｌｌａ Ｔｙｐｈｉｍｕｒｉｕｍ感染を行う１回目感染試験）
市販の雛鶏（ブロイラー種）６０羽を購入し、購入された雛鶏（１日齢）に、表２に記載される試験区分、供試羽数及び飼料中へのグルコン酸ナトリウムの添加量で試験飼料（表１参照）を摂取させること（表２参照）により、グルコン酸ナトリウムを投与した。
上記の雛鶏が３日齢に達した後、当該雛鶏に対して一羽あたり１×１０３のＳａｌｍｏｎｅｌｌａ Ｔｙｐｈｉｍｕｒｉｕｍを経口接種した。
その後、上記の雛鶏が８日齢に達した後、当該雛鶏を屠殺した。死亡した雛鶏から盲腸切片を摘出し、摘出された盲腸切片から盲腸便を採取した。次いで採取された盲腸便の中で生存するサルモネラ菌の菌数を測定した。その結果を表３に示す。
Test Example 1 (First infection test in which Salmonella Typhimurium infection is performed in a barrier laboratory)
Purchase 60 commercial broilers (broiler species), and add the amount of sodium gluconate to the test category, number of test wings and feeds listed in Table 2 to the purchased chicken (1 day old) Was administered sodium gluconate by ingesting the test feed (see Table 1) (see Table 2).
After the chicks reached 3 days of age, the chicks were orally inoculated with 1 × 10 3 Salmonella Typhimurium per bird.
Thereafter, after the chicks reached 8 days of age, the chicks were slaughtered. A cecal section was removed from a dead chick and cecal feces were collected from the removed cecal section. Subsequently, the number of Salmonella surviving in the collected cecal feces was measured. The results are shown in Table 3.
採取された盲腸便の中で生存するサルモネラ菌の菌数は、対照群での菌数と比較して、各グルコン酸ナトリウム添加群では低値であった。特にグルコン酸ナトリウム低添加群では、統計学上（Student’s t test）での明らかな有意差（P<0.01）も確認された。 The number of Salmonella bacteria surviving in the collected cecal feces was lower in each sodium gluconate addition group than in the control group. In particular, in the low sodium gluconate addition group, a statistically significant difference (P <0.01) was confirmed in the statistical (Student's t test).
試験例２ （バリアーされた実験室にてＳａｌｍｏｎｅｌｌａ Ｔｙｐｈｉｍｕｒｉｕｍ感染を行う２回目感染試験）
市販の雛鶏（ブロイラー種）６０羽を購入し、購入された雛鶏（１日齢）に、表４に記載される試験区分、供試羽数及び飼料中へのグルコン酸ナトリウムの添加量で試験飼料（表１参照）を摂取させること（表４参照）により、グルコン酸ナトリウムを投与した。
上記の雛鶏が１４日齢に達した後、当該雛鶏に対して一羽あたり１×１０３のＳａｌｍｏｎｅｌｌａ Ｔｙｐｈｉｍｕｒｉｕｍを経口接種した。
その後、上記の雛鶏が１９日齢に達した後、当該雛鶏を屠殺した。死亡した雛鶏から盲腸切片を摘出し、摘出された盲腸切片から盲腸便を採取した。次いで採取された盲腸便の中で生存するサルモネラ菌の菌数を測定した。その結果を表５に示す。
Test Example 2 (Second infection test in which Salmonella Typhimurium infection is performed in a barriered laboratory)
Purchase 60 commercial broilers (broiler species), and add the amount of sodium gluconate to the test category, number of test chicks and feeds listed in Table 4 to the purchased chicks (1 day old) Was administered sodium gluconate by ingesting the test feed (see Table 1) (see Table 4).
After the chicks reached 14 days of age, the chicks were orally inoculated with 1 × 10 3 Salmonella Typhimurium per bird.
Thereafter, after the chicks reached 19 days of age, the chicks were slaughtered. A cecal section was removed from a dead chick and cecal feces were collected from the removed cecal section. Subsequently, the number of Salmonella surviving in the collected cecal feces was measured. The results are shown in Table 5.
採取された盲腸便の中に存在するサルモネラ菌陽性率は、対照群での陽性率が１５例中４例であったのに対して、グルコン酸ナトリウム低添加群では１例のみが陽性であり、他のグルコン酸ナトリウム高添加群及び中添加群では全て陰性であった。特にグルコン酸ナトリウム高添加群及び中添加群では、統計学上（χ2 test）での明らかな有意差（P<0.05）も確認された。
グルコン酸ナトリウムが雛鶏用サルモネラ感染抑制剤として有用であることが初めて確認された。
The positive rate of Salmonella present in the collected cecal stool was 4 in 15 cases in the control group, whereas only 1 case was positive in the sodium gluconate low addition group, All other sodium gluconate high addition groups and medium addition groups were negative. Especially in Sodium gluconate high added group and medium addition group, apparent significant differences in statistically (χ 2 test) (P < 0.05) was also confirmed.
It was confirmed for the first time that sodium gluconate was useful as a salmonella infection inhibitor for chicks.
本発明により、雛鶏の孵化後できるだけ早期に投与して優れた効果を発揮可能な雛鶏用サルモネラ感染抑制剤及びそれを用いる雛鶏のサルモネラ感染抑制方法を提供することが可能になる。 ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION By this invention, it becomes possible to provide the Salmonella infection inhibitor for chicks which can administer as early as possible after hatching of a chick, and can exhibit the outstanding effect, and the Salmonella infection suppression method of a chick using the same.
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| BRPI0800744-6A BRPI0800744A2 (en) | 2007-01-26 | 2008-01-24 | Salmonella Infection Inhibition Composition for Chick and Salmonella Infection Inhibition Method in Chicks |
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| CN103637000A (en) * | 2013-11-28 | 2014-03-19 | 吉林大学 | Mixed additive capable of promoting growth of poultry and application thereof |
| CN103750012B (en) * | 2013-12-24 | 2015-07-08 | 广西科技大学 | Chicken feed additive |
| CN106107057A (en) * | 2016-06-28 | 2016-11-16 | 北京中农华正兽药有限责任公司 | Purify alimentation composition and the using method of kind of chicken Pullorum Disease |
| CN117243292A (en) * | 2023-08-23 | 2023-12-19 | 江苏省家禽科学研究所 | Additive, antibacterial feed, antibacterial method and application |
-
2007
- 2007-01-26 JP JP2007016253A patent/JP2008179590A/en active Pending
-
2008
- 2008-01-24 BR BRPI0800744-6A patent/BRPI0800744A2/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2008-01-25 CN CNA2008100856596A patent/CN101234099A/en active Pending
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| BRPI0800744A2 (en) | 2008-12-16 |
| CN101234099A (en) | 2008-08-06 |
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