JP2008178965A - Machine tool - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a machine tool capable of lessening a load at a tool unit side while allowing weight reduction thereof. <P>SOLUTION: A base plate 9 ascends when a cylinder unit 8 is extended from a position where the base plate 9 is located at the lower side of an arm 5 retaining a pallet 6, at a state that the cylinder unit 8 is in the most compressed state, and right and left upper plates 13 and 13 for forming a retaining plate mechanism 11 arranged on the base plate 9 receive the pallet 6 from the arm 5. When the cylinder unit 8 is extended, a part of respective reference planes (upper surfaces) of right and left halves WL and WR of a transmission case are brought into contact with a positioning pin 35 of an intermediate plate 32 from its lower side. Respective upper plates 13 and 13 are accurately positioned by slanting with reaction force received from the intermediate plate 32, so that the right and left halves WL and WR of the transmission case are supported on the right and left upper plates 13 and 13 forming the retaining plate mechanism 11. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2008,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention is suitable for processing simultaneously on the reference surface side of a pair of workpieces among workpieces having a reference surface on one surface and no reference surface on the other surface (opposite surface). Related to machine tools.

  The mission case becomes a product by combining the left and right halves. In the left and right halves, the mating surface is the reference surface, and the other surface (the opposite surface) has no reference surface. When processing such a workpiece having one surface as a reference surface, it is necessary to accurately position the reference surface with respect to the processing axis.

  In general, as a mechanism for relatively positioning a mounting jig that supports a tool head and a work piece, a positioning method in which a guide bar and a guide post are fitted is known. Since there is a need to provide a clearance between the guide post and the guide post, there is a limit in positioning accuracy, and there is a problem that vibration generated in the workpiece during processing is easily transmitted to the tool.

  For this reason, Patent Document 1 is provided with a guide bar that can be moved forward and backward on the tool head side, and linear guide means that guides the outer peripheral surface of the guide bar so that it can move forward and backward. 2. Description of the Related Art A horizontal type machine tool is known that is provided with fastening means that clamps and fixes an outer peripheral surface of a guide bar so as to eliminate the clearance between them.

  Patent Document 2 also discloses a technique in which a plurality of tool heads are circulated and moved up and down and left and right by a reversing operation of a rotating frame and a shifting operation of a shift frame as a vertical machine tool. The relative positioning method using the guide bar and the guide post is not used, and the tool head side has a flexible structure and the mounting jig side follows the tool head side.

  Patent Document 3 discloses a gimbal mechanism as a mechanism that supports tilting with respect to an axis. The general structure of the gimbal mechanism is such that one member is provided with a convex spherical surface receiving portion, and the other member is provided with a concave spherical surface receiving portion that is in sliding contact with the convex spherical surface receiving portion.

Japanese Patent No. 2756406 Japanese Patent Publication No. 63-65444 JP 2002-210650 A

As in Patent Document 1, in the technique of tightening and fixing the guide bar on the tool head side with the fastening means of the mounting jig, the equipment configuration is complicated, the weight is increased, and the relative positioning of both is firmly established. Therefore, the vibration of the workpiece is easily transmitted to the tool head side, and a load is applied to the cutting tool and gear on the tool head side.
In addition, when the tool head side has a flexible structure as in Patent Document 2, although the burden on the tool head side blades, gears, and the like is reduced, there is a limit in machining accuracy.

  Patent Document 3 discloses a gimbal mechanism, but no proposal is made on how to use this gimbal mechanism to simultaneously process a pair of workpieces.

  In order to solve the above-described problems, the present invention is capable of moving forward and backward along a processing unit fixed to a machine base and a rail provided on the machine base so as to move a workpiece toward and away from the processing unit. In a machine tool having a base plate, the base plate is provided with a holding plate mechanism for supporting a pallet on which a workpiece is set. The holding plate mechanism is composed of one lower plate and a pair of upper plates. The lower plate is connected to the base plate via a gimbal connecting portion so as to be tiltable with respect to the processing axis, and the pair of upper plates are respectively connected to the lower plate with respect to the processing axis via the gimbal connecting portion. The structure is connected so as to be tiltable.

  When working with a processing jig, the processing accuracy deteriorates if the posture of the workpiece moves. Therefore, it is preferable to provide a lock mechanism that prevents the lower plate from moving between the base plate and the lower plate. For example, a wedge member is conceivable as the locking mechanism.

  When a workpiece to be paired is set on one pallet, it is preferable that a positioning pin provided on the pallet is supported by penetrating the pallet via a drop-off preventing mechanism.

  According to the machine tool of the present invention, two members forming a pair can be simultaneously positioned and processed simultaneously. For example, in the case of a mission case, one product is completed by combining the left and right halves on the reference plane. For such a finally integrated member, a large number of the left and right halves are manufactured in succession, and separately, the other half is also manufactured in succession. They can be combined together, but for castings and the like, the casting conditions change over time, and the shrinkage rate of the product also differs. As for such a pair of members, it is preferable to process two members under the same conditions as much as possible.

  According to the present invention, even when a pair of workpieces is set on one pallet, each workpiece is individually tilted to the left and right upper plates constituting the holding plate mechanism via the positioning pins. Mounted as possible.

  In addition, the machine tool according to the present invention can maintain high machining accuracy, and at the same time, can reduce the load on the tool unit side, and can reduce the weight of the apparatus. Moreover, since the trouble that the vibration of the workpiece is transmitted to the tool side in cutting or the like can be suppressed, the load on the processing unit side is reduced.

  Hereinafter, an optimum embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. 1 is an overall perspective view of a machine tool according to the present invention, FIG. 2 is a side view of the machine tool in a standby state, FIG. 3 is an enlarged view showing a state where a pallet is set on a base plate, and FIG. FIG. 5 is a side view of a machining state of the machine tool, and FIG. 6 is a diagram showing a state in which the workpiece is further raised from the position shown in FIG.

  The machine tool is provided with an overhang portion 2 from the bottom of the base 1 toward the front, and a turntable 3 is attached to the end of the overhang portion 2. The shaft 4 rotated by the motor of the turntable 3 is attached with an arm 5 with a phase difference of 180 °, and is mounted on the pallet 6 via the positioning pin 7 by the rotation of the arm 5 in the horizontal plane. The placed workpiece W is carried into and out of the machine tool.

  A cylinder unit 8 is provided on the upper surface of the overhanging portion 2 in the vertical direction, and a base plate 9 is connected to the tip of the rod of the cylinder unit 8. The base plate 9 is attached to a vertical rail 10 provided on the side surface of the base 1. Is engaged. Thus, by driving the cylinder unit 8, the base plate 9 moves up and down.

  The base plate 9 is provided with a holding plate mechanism 11 that supports the pallet so as to be tiltable with respect to the machining axis. The holding plate mechanism 11 includes a lower plate 12 and two upper plates 13 and 13 disposed on the lower plate 12. The lower plate 12 penetrates the shaft 14 implanted in the base plate 9 and the shaft 14. A gimbal mechanism consisting of a convex spherical receiving portion 16 and a concave spherical receiving portion 17 is interposed between the disc spring 15 and the lower plate 12, and is supported by a disc spring 15 arranged around the base plate 9 slightly. The lower plate 12 can be tilted with respect to the machining axis L around the gimbal mechanism.

  The upper plates 13 and 13 are supported in a reverse tournament shape with respect to the lower plate 12. Specifically, shafts 18 and 18 are planted on the left and right ends of the lower plate 12, and the upper plates 13 and 13 are passed through the shafts 18 and 18 with play. 19 and a concave spherical surface receiving portion 20 are supported via a gimbal mechanism. Therefore, the upper plate 13 can also be tilted with respect to the machining axis L around the gimbal mechanism. However, the tilt of the upper plate 13 is regulated by the stopper bolt 21 provided on the base plate 9.

  One pallet 6 is placed on the two upper plates 13 and 13. The pallet 6 is provided with the positioning pins 7 as described above. In the embodiment, six positioning pins 7 pass through the pallet 6 and are prevented from being removed by a stopper 22.

  In FIG. 3, the left three of the six positioning pins 7 are the positioning pins 7 that support the mission case left half WL, and the right three are the positioning pins 7 that support the mission case right half WR. is there. Both the left half WL and the right half WR of the transmission case are supported by the positioning pins 7 so that the mating surface as the reference surface faces upward.

  Three convex portions 23 are provided on the upper surfaces of the upper plates 13, 13, respectively, and are supported with the bottom surfaces of the positioning pins 7 riding on the convex portions 23. That is, the pallet 6 is not placed directly on the upper surfaces of the upper plates 13 and 13, but the pallet 6 is in a free state slightly floating above the upper plates 13 and 13. As a result, the left half of the mission case WL is on the left side. The right half of the transmission case WR can be tilted directly to the right upper plate 13 via the right three positioning pins 7. Supported by

  Further, a wedge member 24 is disposed on the base plate 9, and the cylinder unit 25 is driven to insert the wedge member 24 between the base plate 9 and the lower plate 12, thereby locking the lower plate 12 in a predetermined position. Like to do.

  A processing unit 30 is disposed above the base plate 9. The processing unit 30 is fixed to the upper part of the base 1 and includes a plurality of processing jigs 31.

  Further, an intermediate plate 32 is disposed between the base plate 9 and the processing unit 30. The intermediate plate 32 is connected to a lower rod end of the vertical air cylinder unit 33 provided at the front end portion of the processing unit 30 and a lower rod end of the vertical air cylinder unit 34 provided at the upper end portion of the machine base 1. The rail 10 is engaged. Therefore, when a pushing force from below is applied, the intermediate plate 32 rises while compressing the air cylinder units 33 and 34 along the rail 10.

  Positioning pins 35, 35 protrude downward from the lower surface of the intermediate plate 32. In this embodiment, one positioning pin 35 engages with a part of the mission case left half WL to position the mission case left half WL, and the other positioning pin 35 is the mission case right half WR. The mission case right half WR is positioned by engaging with a part of.

An example of a machining method using the machine tool having the above configuration will be described below.
First, the state of FIG. 2 will be described as a starting point. In this state, the arm 5 of the turntable 3 holds the pallet 6 from below, and a mission case W (left and right halves) is set on the pallet 6. In this state, the cylinder unit 8 is in the most compressed state, and the base plate 9 is positioned below the arm 5 holding the pallet 6.

  From this state, the cylinder unit 8 is extended. Then, the base plate 9 rises, and the left and right upper plates 13 and 13 constituting the holding plate mechanism 11 provided on the base plate 9 receive the pallet 6 from the arm 5. Specifically, as described above, the convex portion 23 provided on the upper surface of the upper plate 13 hits the lower end of the positioning pin 7 and lifts the transmission case W (left and right halves) via the positioning pin 7 so that the pallet 6 is positioned. It is locked to the pin 7 and is free.

  When the cylinder unit 8 is further extended, part of the reference surfaces (upper surfaces) of the left and right halves WL and WR of the transmission case come into contact with the positioning pins 35 of the intermediate plate 32 from below. In this state, the left and right halves WL, WR of the transmission case are individually supported by the left and right upper plates 13, 13 constituting the holding plate mechanism 11, so that the upper plates 13, 13 receive from the intermediate plate 32. It is tilted by force and accurate positioning is performed.

  When the positioning is completed, the cylinder unit 25 is driven, and the wedge member 24 is inserted and locked between the base plate 9 and the lower plate 12. Even in this state, the upper plate 13 constituting the holding plate mechanism 11 can tilt, but does not tilt because it is pressed from above by the positioning pin 35.

  Further, by further extending the cylinder unit 8, the left and right halves WL and WR of the transmission case are raised to the processing position and processed by the processing tool 31 of the processing unit 30. Thereafter, the processed mission case is transferred to the arm 5 of the turntable 3 together with the pallet by the reverse operation to complete the work.

Overall perspective view of a machine tool according to the present invention Side view of the machine tool in standby state Enlarged view showing the pallet set on the base plate Front view of the machine tool in standby state Side view of the machining state of the machine tool The figure which shows the state in which the workpiece | work is further raised and processed from the position shown in FIG.

Explanation of symbols

  DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Base, 2 ... Overhang part, 3 ... Turntable, 4 ... Turntable axis, 5 ... Arm, 6 ... Pallet, 7 ... Pallet positioning pin, 8 ... Cylinder unit, 9 ... Base plate, 10 ... Rail, DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 11 ... Holding plate mechanism, 12 ... Lower plate, 13 ... Upper plate, 14 ... The axis | shaft implanted in the base plate, 15 ... Disc spring, 16 ... Convex spherical surface receiving part, 17 ... Concave spherical surface receiving part, 18 ... Provided in lower plate 19 ... Convex spherical surface receiving portion, 20 ... Concave spherical surface receiving portion, 21 ... Stopper bolt, 22 ... Stopper, 23 ... Convex portion, 24 ... Wedge member, 25 ... Cylinder unit, 30 ... Processing unit, 31 ... Processing tool 32 ... Intermediate plate, 33, 34 ... Air cylinder unit, 35 ... Positioning pin, L ... Processing axis, W ... Mission case, WL, WR ... Mission case half.

Claims (3)

In a machine tool comprising: a processing unit fixed to a machine base; and a base plate capable of moving back and forth along a rail provided on the machine base to move a workpiece closer to and away from the processing unit. The base plate is provided with a holding plate mechanism for supporting a pallet on which a workpiece is set. The holding plate mechanism is composed of one lower plate and a pair of upper plates. The lower plate is a gimbal with respect to the base plate. The pair of upper plates is connected to the machining axis via a connecting portion so as to be tiltable, and the pair of upper plates are connected to the lower plate so as to be tiltable with respect to the processing axis via a gimbal connecting portion. A machine tool. 2. The machine tool according to claim 1, wherein a lock mechanism for preventing movement of the lower plate is provided between the base plate and the lower plate. 2. The machine tool according to claim 1, wherein a positioning pin is supported through the pallet through a drop-off preventing mechanism.

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