JP2008169688A - Construction structure and construction method of roof, wall, steel structure, floor, foundation, ground surface and ground - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an epoch-making construction method and a structure for exhibiting extremely high safety, in a steel structure of a roof or a wall such as a factory, a warehouse and gymnasium, and a floor, a foundation and the ground of an apparatus of an electric power plant and the factory. <P>SOLUTION: A thermal insulation foam layer 3 having quick-drying performance and a resin drawable reinforcing waterproof layer 4 having high strength, are sprayed on a basis material 1 surface of the roof or the wall of a building. A surface layer 5 by any of sunlight resistance or fire resistance or flying spark resistance or heat shielding performance or a combination of these, is applied to or sprayed on its surface. The resin drawable reinforcing waterproof layer having high strength and the surface layer having the sunlight resistance is also applied to or sprayed on the basis material surface of the steel structure. The thermal insulation foaming layer having quick-drying performance and the resin drawable reinforcing waterproof layer having high strength are sprayed on a surface of the floor, the foundation and the ground of the apparatus for preventing a dangerous substance leaking-out accident of the electric power plant and the factory. An incombustible surface layer and/or a protective sheet layer are arranged on a surface of the reinforcing waterproof layer. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2008,JPO&INPIT

Description

The present invention relates to a construction structure such as a building or a steel structure and a construction method.
In areas where it is necessary to prevent accidental leakage of dangerous materials such as substations, power plants, nuclear power plants, chemical factories, pharmaceutical factories, etc., they exhibit extremely high safety regarding the floor, foundation, ground and ground of the equipment. The construction structure and construction method to be provided are provided.

(1) In the field of buildings, etc.
Conventionally, roofs or walls of factories, warehouses, gymnasiums, etc. have been constructed by corrugated slate, or metal folded plates, tiles, concrete, mortar, etc. There has been a need for periodic repairs for damage to occur, the occurrence of rain leaks from attachments or damages, loss of aesthetics, or enhancement of thermal insulation.

In particular, in the case of a slate thatched roof, its strength is significantly reduced, and when an operator gets on it for repair work, the degraded slate breaks frequently and crashes occur frequently. Screamed by the Ministry of Labor and the Ministry of Land, Infrastructure and Transport, it is still an important issue of occupational accidents in the construction industry.
In addition, the conventional slate structure contains carcinogenic asbestos, and dust is scattered to the surroundings and workers during repair, and it is widely taken up as an environmental problem due to difficulty in processing waste materials. . In addition, in recent years, in order to prevent global warming, repairs to improve the heat insulation performance of these old structures and to save energy in air conditioning are becoming increasingly necessary.

Conventional examples to solve these problems have also been proposed, but none of them emphasized strength at the time of repair or after repair, and did not prevent the above-described crash prevention disaster. .
In addition, regarding waterproofness, if cracks occur in the top coat layer on the surface due to secular change, rainwater enters the fine pores of the heat insulation foam layer, and cracks and alterations occur due to freezing, etc. Was supposed to destroy.
As an example, there is “JP-A-7-166655”. However, as described above, attention is not paid to prevention of falling due to deterioration of the strength of the substrate, and therefore, the reinforcement strength when the operator gets on is secured. Therefore, there is no fall disaster prevention measure due to strength degradation, and the problem has not been solved in practice.
Furthermore, since the top coat layer on the surface is a paint curtain layer, it is difficult to have a sufficient curtain thickness. On the other hand, deterioration due to sunlight such as ultraviolet rays, rain, snow, etc., aging Always occurs and cracks occur in the topcoat layer. If that happens, rainwater will enter the fine holes in the heat-insulating foam layer from the cracks, and cracks and alterations may occur due to freezing, etc., destroying the heat-insulating foam layer, and returning the water to the heat-insulating foam layer may hinder safety. However, it has not been a solution to these problems, and improvements were strongly desired.

  (2) Also, the service life of steel structures such as steel frames, steel towers, bridges, tanks and the like is short, and it takes a long time and a large amount of construction cost to repaint, and a long-life construction structure has been desired.

(3) In addition, in areas where it is necessary to prevent leakage of dangerous substances such as substations, power plants, nuclear power plants, chemical factories, pharmaceutical factories, etc., equipment installation locations and surrounding floors, foundations, or grounds, or The protection measures for the ground such as the ground are regarded as important.
As an example, transformers such as substations and power plants have fallen in various places in recent years, such as Niigata-Chuetsu earthquakes, and have fallen and damaged, and the transformer oil sealed inside leaks.

Usually, oil pits and oil breakwaters are constructed of concrete structures around the transformer, but have the following problems.
(1) The concrete structure of oil pits and oil breakwaters will cause cracks and joint deterioration due to secular change, so it is necessary to find and repair those defective parts by regular preliminary surveys.
(2) However, when a strong earthquake occurred, there were accidents in various places where the transformer fell over and was damaged, and the transformer oil sealed inside leaked.
(3) Transformer oil contains PCBs that adversely affect the human body, and if it flows into the ground and infiltrates into groundwater, it becomes an irreparable major pollution accident and causes health problems for neighboring residents. It will be a catastrophe.
(4) Normally, ballast stones are put in the grooves of the oil proof pit and the oil levee, so that defects such as cracks cannot be immediately observed.
(5) However, in the Niigata-Chuetsu earthquake, etc., a transformer was overturned, resulting in an unexpected large accident, but no appropriate countermeasures were created.

As an example of the prior art, there was an invention of switching the drainage pipe of rainwater and water mixed with transformer oil due to the time-dependent change of the transformer as disclosed in “JP-A-7-86044” of [Patent Document 2]. For the leakage of transformer oil, it was only dried naturally in the pit.
There was no assumption of an accident that the floor board or the ground was destroyed and cracked, and the transformer oil leaked and penetrated there, leaving it unprotected.
Similarly, the same was true for leaks of radioactive material contained in nuclear power plants, or the same for leaks of hazardous materials in chemical and pharmaceutical plants.

  JP-A-7-166655   JP-A-7-86044

  The present invention provides an extremely practical construction structure and construction method that practically eliminates these problems.

For non-metallic materials such as slate, concrete, tarpaulins, wooden materials, or the base material of roofs or walls of metal buildings,
On the surface of the substrate, a heat insulating foam layer composed of a resin foam material such as polyurethane is provided by spraying or the like,
On the surface of the heat insulation foam layer, a reinforced waterproofing layer made of high strength resin such as polyurethane having quick drying property and extensibility is provided by spraying or the like,
One surface layer or a plurality of surface layers by applying any combination of solar resistance such as ultraviolet light resistance, fire resistance, jumping fire resistance, and heat insulation, or a combination thereof, to the surface of the reinforced waterproof layer, or A roof and / or wall construction structure characterized by being provided by spraying or the like is provided.

For non-metallic materials such as slate, concrete, tarpaulins, wooden materials, or the base material of roofs or walls of metal buildings,
A primer layer is formed on the surface of the substrate by painting or spraying, and a heat-insulating foam layer composed of a resin foam material such as polyurethane is provided on the surface of the primer layer by spraying, etc., on the surface of the heat-insulating foam layer , Provided with a waterproof waterproof layer made of high-strength resin such as polyurethane or polyurea with quick drying and extensibility by spraying,
One surface layer or a plurality of surface layers by applying any combination of solar resistance such as ultraviolet light resistance, fire resistance, jumping fire resistance, and heat insulation, or a combination thereof, to the surface of the reinforced waterproof layer, or The construction structure of the roof and / or wall characterized by providing by spraying is provided.

For non-metallic materials such as slate, concrete, tarpaulins, wooden materials, or the base material of roofs or walls of metal buildings,
A primer layer is formed on the surface of the substrate by painting or spraying,
On the surface of the primer layer, a reinforced waterproof layer made of high-strength resin such as polyurethane or polyurea having quick drying properties and extensibility is provided by spraying or the like,
One surface layer or a plurality of surface layers by applying any combination of solar resistance such as ultraviolet light resistance, fire resistance, jumping fire resistance, and heat insulation, or a combination thereof, to the surface of the reinforced waterproof layer, or Provided is a construction structure of a roof and / or a wall which is provided by spraying or the like and is configured without providing a heat insulating foam layer.

Non-metallic materials such as slate, concrete, tarpaulins, wood materials, etc., or fixtures such as bolts for attaching the base material to the base material of the roof or wall of a metal building, and / or the end side surface of the base material, And / or roof and / or wall construction characterized in that end side surfaces and / or discontinuous portions of the heat insulating foam layer are rolled up with the heat insulating foam layer and / or the reinforcing waterproof layer to form a seamless structure. Provide structure.

The construction structure of the roof and / or wall according to claim 1, 2, 3, or 4,
The heat insulating foam layer is provided by spraying or the like with a minimum thickness of 5.0 mm to a maximum thickness of 100 mm,
The reinforcing waterproof layer is tensile strength, minimum 10.0 N / mm ² ~ up 50.0N / mm ² polyurethane having the following fast drying and Shin ductility, or high strength resin reinforced waterproof layer such as Poriurea, or surface reinforcement Provided is a roof and / or wall construction structure in which a waterproof layer is provided by spraying or the like with a minimum thickness of 0.5 mm to 10 mm.

The construction structure of the roof and / or wall according to claim 1, 2, 3, 4, or 5,
The thermal insulation foam layer is a resin foaming agent such as polyurethane having independent pores, and provides a construction structure for a roof and / or a wall.

The construction structure of the roof and / or wall according to claim 1, or 2, or 3, or 4, or 5, or 6,
A fiber reinforced resin is obtained by mixing reinforcing fibers such as glass fibers, carbon fibers, short stainless steel, or titanium metal fibers into the heat insulating foam layer and / or the reinforcing waterproof layer. (FRP) A roof and / or wall structure is provided.

A roof and / or wall structure according to claim 1, or 2, or 3, or 4, or 5, or 6, or 7,
Surface reinforced waterproof layer in which a material imparting solar resistance such as UV resistance and / or a material such as silica sand having fire resistance, jumping resistance, or heat shielding property is mixed with the material of the reinforced waterproof layer. By providing the above, a roof and / or wall structure is provided in which the surface layer is omitted and the surface-reinforced waterproof layer is directly used as the uppermost surface.

For non-metallic materials such as slate, concrete, tarpaulins, wooden materials, or the base material of roofs or walls of metal buildings,
A construction method for a roof and / or a wall is provided, wherein the construction structure according to claim 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, or 8 is used.

Surface construction structure of steel structures such as steel frames, steel towers, bridges, tanks, etc.
For the base material of the steel structure, a heat insulating foam layer made of a resin foam material such as polyurethane is provided by spraying on the base surface from which the surface removal layer is removed with keren,
On the surface of the heat insulation foam layer, a reinforced waterproof layer made of high-strength resin such as polyurethane or polyurea having quick drying properties and extensibility is provided by spraying or the like,
One surface layer or a plurality of surface layers by applying any combination of solar resistance such as ultraviolet light resistance, fire resistance, jumping fire resistance, and heat insulation, or a combination thereof, to the surface of the reinforced waterproof layer, or Provided is a surface construction structure for steel structures such as steel frames, steel towers, bridges, tanks, etc., characterized by being provided by spraying.

Surface construction structure of steel structures such as steel frames, steel towers, bridges, tanks, etc.
For the substrate of the steel structure, a primer layer is formed on the substrate surface by removing the surface removal layer with keren, or by spraying,
On the surface of the primer layer, a reinforced waterproof layer made of high-strength resin such as polyurethane or polyurea having quick drying properties and extensibility is provided by spraying or the like,
One surface layer or a plurality of surface layers by applying any combination of solar resistance such as ultraviolet light resistance, fire resistance, jumping fire resistance, and heat insulation, or a combination thereof, to the surface of the reinforced waterproof layer, or Provided is a surface construction structure for steel structures such as steel frames, steel towers, bridges, tanks, etc., characterized by being provided by spraying.

Surface construction structure of steel structures such as steel frames, steel towers, bridges, tanks, etc.
For the substrate of the steel structure, a primer layer is formed on the substrate surface by removing the surface removal layer with keren, or by spraying,
On the surface of the primer layer, a material that imparts sunlight resistance such as UV resistance to the material of the reinforced waterproof layer such as polyurethane or polyurea having quick drying properties and extensibility, and / or fire resistance, fire resistance A steel frame or steel tower characterized by providing a surface-reinforced waterproof layer mixed with a material such as silica sand having heat resistance or heat-shielding properties, so that the surface layer is omitted and the surface-reinforced water-resistant layer is directly on the top surface Provide surface construction structures for steel structures such as bridges and tanks.

A surface construction structure of a steel structure such as a steel frame, a steel tower, a bridge, or a tank according to claim 10, 11, or 12,
The material of the heat insulating foam layer and / or the material of the reinforced waterproof layer and / or the material of the surface reinforced waterproof layer is a glass fiber, a carbon fiber, a short stainless steel, a metal fiber such as titanium, or the like. The surface construction structure of the steel structure characterized by using a fiber reinforced resin (FRP) by mixing the reinforcing fiber.

  A steel structure such as a steel frame, steel tower, bridge, tank, etc., and using the construction structure according to claim 10, 11, 12, or 13 is provided. .

In fields that need to prevent leakage of hazardous materials such as substations, power plants, nuclear power plants, chemical factories, pharmaceutical factories, etc.
A heat insulating foam layer made of a resin foam material such as polyurethane is provided on the upper surface of the base such as the equipment installation location and the surrounding floor, foundation, ground, or ground,
On the surface of the heat-insulating foam layer, a reinforced waterproof layer made of high-strength resin such as polyurethane or polyurea having quick drying properties and extensibility is provided,
One or more layers of the surface of the reinforced waterproof layer, such as UV-resistant solar resistance, flame resistance, fire resistance, or fire resistance, corrosion resistance against transformer oil, or the like, or a combination thereof Provided is a construction structure characterized by preventing leakage of dangerous materials in a substation, power plant, nuclear power plant, chemical plant, pharmaceutical plant, etc. by applying or spraying the surface layer of the layer.

In fields that need to prevent leakage of hazardous materials such as substations, power plants, nuclear power plants, chemical factories, pharmaceutical factories, etc.
A heat insulating foam layer made of a resin foam material such as polyurethane is provided on the upper surface of the base such as the equipment installation location and the surrounding floor, foundation, ground, or ground,
On the surface of the heat-insulating foam layer, a reinforced waterproof layer made of high-strength resin such as polyurethane or polyurea having quick drying properties and extensibility is provided,
By providing a protective sheet layer having impact resistance, cushioning properties, nonflammability, fire resistance, corrosion resistance against transformer oil, etc. on the upper surface of the reinforced waterproof layer, it is possible to install a substation, a power plant, a nuclear power plant, a chemical plant. To provide a construction structure characterized by preventing leakage of dangerous materials such as pharmaceutical factories.

In fields that need to prevent leakage of hazardous materials such as substations, power plants, nuclear power plants, chemical factories, pharmaceutical factories, etc.
A heat insulating foam layer made of a resin foam material such as polyurethane is provided on the upper surface of the base such as the equipment installation location and the surrounding floor, foundation, ground, or ground,
On the surface of the heat-insulating foam layer, a reinforced waterproof layer made of high-strength resin such as polyurethane or polyurea having quick drying properties and extensibility is provided,
One or more layers of the surface of the reinforced waterproof layer, such as UV-resistant solar resistance, flame resistance, fire resistance, or fire resistance, corrosion resistance against transformer oil, or the like, or a combination thereof The surface layer of the layer is provided by coating or spraying,
By providing a protective sheet layer having impact resistance, cushioning properties, nonflammability, fire resistance, and corrosion resistance on the upper surface of the surface layer, such as substations, power plants, nuclear power plants, chemical factories, pharmaceutical factories, etc. Provided is a construction structure characterized by preventing leakage of dangerous materials.

  The construction structure according to claim 15, 16, or 17, wherein the material of the reinforcing waterproof layer is a material that imparts sunlight resistance such as ultraviolet resistance, and / or fire resistance, fire resistance, or By providing a surface reinforced waterproof layer mixed with materials such as silica sand that has thermal barrier properties, the surface layer is omitted, and the surface reinforced waterproof layer is directly placed on the top surface, so that it can be used in substations, power stations, and nuclear power generation. Provide construction structures characterized by prevention of leakage of hazardous materials at chemical plants, pharmaceutical factories, etc.

The construction structure according to claim 15, or 16, or 17, or 18.
The heat-insulating foam layer, the minimum thickness of 5.0mm or more and a maximum thickness 300mm or less in spray, and / or the reinforcing waterproof layer is tensile strength, minimum 10.0 N / mm ² to a maximum of 50.0N / mm ² or less of By spraying a reinforced waterproof layer made of high-strength resin such as polyurethane or polyurea with quick drying properties and stretchability, or a surface reinforced waterproof layer with a minimum thickness of 0.5 mm to 20 mm, substations, power plants Provide a construction structure characterized by preventing leakage of dangerous materials at nuclear power plants, chemical factories, pharmaceutical factories, etc.

The construction structure according to claim 15, or 16, or 17, or 18, or 19,
The material of the heat insulating foam layer and / or the material of the reinforced waterproof layer and / or the material of the surface reinforced waterproof layer is a glass fiber, a carbon fiber, a short stainless steel, a metal fiber such as titanium, or the like. By incorporating fiber reinforced resin (FRP), it is possible to prevent dangerous materials from leaking from substations, power plants, nuclear power plants, chemical factories, pharmaceutical factories, etc. Provide structure.

In fields that need to prevent leakage of hazardous materials such as substations, power plants, nuclear power plants, chemical factories, pharmaceutical factories, etc.
Leakage of dangerous materials such as substations, power plants, nuclear power plants, chemical factories, pharmaceutical factories, etc. using the construction structure according to claim 15 or 16, or 17, or 18, or 19 or 20 It provides the construction method which prevents.

(1) Regarding the field of buildings such as roofs and walls, Since the heat insulating foam layer 3 and the reinforced waterproof layer 4 have a very low thermal conductivity, they can exhibit extremely high heat insulating properties, exhibit global warming prevention and dew condensation prevention effects due to energy saving effects.
2. Since the heat insulating foam layer 3 and / or the reinforced waterproof layer 4 can be sufficiently thick, the heat insulating foam layer 3 and / or the reinforced waterproof layer 4 have the advantages of high waterproofness and high soundproofing.
3. Since the heat insulating foam layer 3 and / or the reinforced waterproof layer 4 can be seamlessly coated on the substrate 1 by spraying, it is possible to contain asbestos, which is a carcinogenic substance, from scattering, and further to dispose of asbestos waste material. Since it does not occur, it can be extremely effective in the environment.
4). Since the heat insulating foam layer 3 and / or the reinforced waterproof layer 4 is sprayed construction, the curtain thickness can be adjusted freely. Therefore, it is possible to wrap and install a fixture such as a bolt for mounting the base, or the end of the base 1 Covers the side surface or discontinuous part and can be constructed seamlessly.
5. The fixture 7 of the substrate 1 is rusted due to long-term corrosion, but the structure and construction method of the present invention can prevent the progress of rust and corrosion by blocking oxygen. .
6). The heat insulating foam layer 3 and / or the reinforced waterproof layer 4 can be covered seamlessly by covering with a repair material 9 such as a cloth or a synthetic resin sheet even when the substrate 1 has a damaged opening 1a. .
7). Since the heat insulating foam layer 3 and / or the reinforced waterproof layer 4 is an instantaneous curing type, the construction time is short and the work can be performed very efficiently.
8). Since the heat-insulating foam layer 3 and / or the reinforced waterproof layer 4 can be added with a flame retardant, it can also exhibit fire resistance against fire.
9. Since the heat insulation foam layer 3 and / or the reinforced waterproof layer 4 have cushioning properties, even if a flying object caused by a typhoon or a strong wind hits the roof directly, the impact can be absorbed and damage can be prevented.
10. The heat insulating foam layer 3 and / or the reinforced waterproof layer 4 can be made free from organic solvents such as toluene and xylene in consideration of the generation of odor and the environment.
11. Since the heat insulating foam layer 3 and / or the reinforced waterproof layer 4 does not use chlorofluorocarbon, the ozone layer destruction coefficient can be set to zero.
12 The reinforced waterproof layer 4 has high strength, and can exert an effect of preventing a crash disaster due to damage of the slate during the above-described repair construction.
13. The reinforced waterproof layer 4 is quick-drying and generates a strength that allows the operator to ride on it for 2.0 to 15 seconds after spraying. A groundbreaking feature that can be said to be able to prevent almost all roof-topping accidents.
14 The reinforced waterproof layer 4 has extensibility, and the reinforced waterproof layer 4 can follow without being damaged even if the substrate 1 such as a slate is broken.
15. The reinforced waterproof layer 4 can improve the guaranteed life from the conventional 10 to 20 years.
16. The strength can be further increased by mixing reinforcing fibers into the heat insulating foam layer 3 and / or the reinforced waterproof layer 4.
17. Into the reinforced waterproofing layer 4, an acrylic or two-component polyurethane resin or the like and a material having a sunlight resistance such as an ultraviolet ray and / or a material having a fire resistance or a fire resistance are mixed in a predetermined ratio. By providing the surface reinforced waterproof layer, the surface layer 5 can be omitted due to its durability, and the construction time can be greatly shortened and the cost can be reduced.
18. The surface layer 5 has a spark performance that counteracts a spark such as sparks. Therefore, it can be set as the fireproof structure which prevents generation | occurrence | production of a fire with respect to the roof of the building in Building Standard Act Article 22 area.
19. The surface layer 5 can prevent deterioration of the reinforced waterproof layer 4 and the heat insulating foamed layer 3 from sunlight rays such as ultraviolet rays, and can exhibit a long-term alteration preventing effect.
20. The surface layer 5 can also reflect sunlight and exhibit a heat insulation effect by a thermal barrier paint.
21. The heat-insulating foam layer 3, the reinforced waterproof layer 4 and the surface layer 5 have extremely high weather resistance due to their constitutions, and without losing elasticity even at a low temperature of usually -50 ° C, and can maintain an elastic force even at a high temperature of 110 ° C. .

(2) In the field of construction structure of steel structures such as steel frames, steel towers, bridges, tanks, etc.
1. The heat insulating foam layer 23 and / or the reinforced waterproof layer 24 has an advantage of high waterproofness and corrosion resistance because it can be sufficiently thick.
2. Since the heat insulation foam layer 23 and / or the reinforced waterproof layer 24 is spraying construction, the curtain thickness can be adjusted freely, so that it can also be applied by covering the discontinuous part of the steel structure, covering the discontinuous part, Can be constructed seamlessly.
3. Since the heat insulating foam layer 23 and / or the reinforced waterproof layer 24 is an instantaneous curing type, the construction time is short, and the work can be performed very efficiently.
4). Since the heat-insulating foam layer 23 and / or the reinforced waterproof layer 24 can be added with a non-combustible agent, it can exhibit non-flammability, fire resistance and fire resistance against fire.
5. Since the heat insulating foam layer 23 and / or the reinforced waterproof layer 24 have cushioning properties, even if a flying object due to a typhoon or a strong wind hits directly, the impact is absorbed and the coating is not broken.
6). Since the heat insulation foam layer 23 and / or the reinforced waterproof layer 24 have good adhesiveness, spraying can be performed without providing a primer layer.
7). The heat-insulating foam layer 23 and / or the reinforced waterproof layer 24 can be made free of organic solvents such as toluene and xylene in consideration of odor generation and the environment.
8). Since the heat insulating foam layer 23 and / or the reinforced waterproof layer 24 does not use Freon gas, the ozone layer destruction coefficient can be set to zero.
9. The reinforced waterproof layer 24 is quick-drying, and the operator can ride on it for 2.0 to 15 seconds after spraying. Very suitable for.
10. By mixing reinforcing fibers into the heat insulating foam layer 23 and / or the reinforced waterproof layer 24, the strength can be further increased as a fiber reinforced resin (FRP).
11. By providing the reinforced waterproof layer 24 with a surface reinforced waterproof layer in which a material having fire resistance or spark resistance is mixed at a predetermined ratio, the surface layer 33 is omitted due to its durability performance, and the construction time is significantly increased. Shortening and cost reduction effect can be demonstrated.
12 The heat-insulating foam layer 23, the reinforced waterproof layer 24, and the surface layer 25 have extremely high weather resistance due to their structures, and can maintain elasticity even at a high temperature of 110 ° C. without loss of elasticity even at a low temperature of −50 ° C. .

(3) Even in fields where it is necessary to prevent leakage of dangerous substances such as substations, power plants, nuclear power plants, chemical factories, pharmaceutical factories, etc.
1. The heat insulating foam layer 41 and / or the reinforced waterproof layer 42 has an advantage of high leakage prevention property because the thickness is sufficiently large. In particular, since extensibility is excellent during an earthquake or the like, even if cracks 38 occur in concrete, no breaks occur, and there is no risk that dangerous substances such as radioactive oils such as transformer oil will leak into the basement.
2. Since the heat insulating foam layer 41 and / or the reinforced waterproof layer 42 is sprayed construction, the curtain thickness can be adjusted freely, so that it can also be applied by covering the discontinuous part between the ground and the concrete surface, or covering the discontinuous part. And it can be constructed seamlessly.
3. The heat insulating foam layer 41 and / or the reinforced waterproof layer 42 can be directly sprayed on the concrete, which is a base material, and can be applied even in a wet state. No ground adjustment is required, and no caulking work is required for cracks. In addition, since it is not necessary to provide a primer layer, it is extremely efficient and inexpensive.
4). Since the heat insulating foam layer 41 and / or the reinforced waterproof layer 42 is an instantaneous curing type, the construction time is short, and the work can be performed very efficiently.
5. Since the heat-insulating foam layer 41 and / or the reinforced waterproof layer 42 can be added with a non-combustible agent, it can exhibit non-flammability, fire resistance, and fire resistance against fire.
6). Since the heat insulation foam layer 41 and / or the reinforced waterproof layer 42 have cushioning properties, even if a flying object due to a typhoon or a strong wind hits directly, the impact can be absorbed and damage can be prevented.
7). Since the heat insulating foam layer 41 has air permeability that allows water vapor from the ground 35 to pass through and diverge, it does not cause a swelling phenomenon or the like.
8). The heat-insulating foam layer 41 and / or the reinforced waterproof layer 42 can eliminate the use of organic solvents such as toluene and xylene in consideration of the generation of odors and the environment, and does not use chlorofluorocarbon. The coefficient can be zero.
9. The reinforced waterproof layer 42 is quick-drying, and the operator can ride on it for 2.0 to 15 seconds after spraying. Very suitable for.
10. The guaranteed lifetime can be improved by the reinforced waterproof layer 42.
11. By mixing the reinforcing fibers 45 into the heat insulating foam layer 41 and / or the reinforced waterproof layer 42, the strength can be further increased as a fiber reinforced resin (FRP).
12 By providing the reinforced waterproof layer 42 with a surface reinforced waterproof layer in which a material having fire resistance or spark resistance is mixed in a predetermined ratio, the surface layer 43 is omitted due to its durability, and the construction time is greatly reduced. Shortening and cost reduction effect can be demonstrated.
13. The heat-insulating foam layer 41, the reinforced waterproof layer 42, and the surface layer 43 have extremely high weather resistance due to their structures, and can maintain elasticity even at a high temperature of 110 ° C. without loss of elasticity even at a low temperature of −50 ° C. .
14 In particular, by providing the protective sheet layer 44 having impact resistance, cushioning properties, nonflammability, fire resistance, and corrosion resistance, it is possible to shut off even when the transformer oil 31 leaks, so that PCBs and the like that adversely affect the human body are grounded. It is possible to prevent catastrophes that cause health problems for neighboring residents, such as spilling into the ground and permeating into groundwater.
15. The same applies to wastewater and waste containing radioactive materials at nuclear power plants.
16. The same applies to hazardous substances in chemical factories and pharmaceutical factories.

As described above, the present invention is in the field of buildings and the like.
The present invention provides a repair construction structure and a construction method for solving problems related to roof and / or wall repair work.
Moreover, the surface construction structure and surface construction method of steel structures, such as a steel frame, a steel tower, a bridge, and a tank, are provided.
In areas where it is necessary to prevent accidental leakage of hazardous materials such as substations, power plants, nuclear power plants, chemical factories, pharmaceutical factories, etc., extremely high safety is provided to prevent damage to the floor, foundation and ground of the equipment. The groundbreaking construction structure and construction method to be demonstrated are provided.
The above and other objects and novel features of the present invention will become more fully apparent when the following description is read in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
However, the drawings are for explanation only and do not limit the technical scope of the present invention. Details will be described below with reference to the drawings.

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.
In the field of buildings, etc.
FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a structure after construction in the construction process order, and FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view perpendicular to the corrugation of the substrate.
Explaining the overall schematic process and structure, a non-metallic material such as slate, concrete, a waterproof sheet, a wooden material, or a base material 1 of a roof or wall of a metal building is fixed to a supporting beam 2. .
A heat insulating foam layer 3 made of a resin foam material such as polyurethane is sprayed on the surface of the substrate 1.

  Next, a reinforced waterproofing layer 4 made of a high strength resin such as polyurethane or polyurea having quick drying properties and ductility is sprayed on the surface of the heat insulating foam layer 3.

  Next, the surface of the reinforced waterproof layer 4 is one or a plurality of surface layers by any one of sunlight resistance such as ultraviolet light resistance, fire resistance, jumping fire resistance, heat insulation, etc., or a combination thereof. 5 is applied or sprayed.

Next, details of each process and structure will be described.
The heat-insulating foam layer 3 is a material composed of a foamed resin material such as polyurethane, and usually a main agent such as isocyanate and urethane prepolymer and a curing agent such as polyol and polyamine are mixed at a mixing ratio of approximately 1: 1. Mix and foam, add fillers, additives, etc., and spray with a special optimum nozzle sprayer.
In particular, in order to enhance the effect of the present invention, the heat insulating foam layer 3 can be prevented from entering moisture and heat insulating properties by making the pores of an independent pore system as described in claim 6.

The heat insulating foam layer 3 has a density of 20 to 70 kg / m ³ , a compressive strength of ³ to 5 kgf / cm ² , exhibits strength in 10 to 60 seconds after spraying, and has a certain reinforcing effect. is doing.
Further, since the thermal conductivity is as small as 0.015 to 0.025 W / mK, extremely high heat insulation can be exhibited.
The thickness of the heat insulating foam layer 3 is desirably about a minimum of 5.0 mm to a maximum of 100 mm.
This is because at 5.0 mm or less, waterproofness and heat insulation performance are insufficient and the effect cannot be exhibited. Moreover, when it is 100 mm or more, the weight becomes heavy, and an excessive load is applied to the substrate 1, and the construction cost becomes high.
More desirably, it is 7 mm to 50 mm.

As described above, since the thickness can be taken sufficiently, it has advantages of high heat insulation, high waterproofness, and high soundproofing.
Moreover, since the base material 1 can be seamlessly coated by spraying, asbestos, which is a carcinogenic substance, can be contained from being scattered, and no waste material of asbestos is generated. The same applies to the reinforced waterproof layer 4.

    In addition, since the curtain thickness can be freely adjusted because it is a spray construction, for example, as shown in FIGS. 8, the edge part side surface of the base material 1 and / or the edge part side surface of the heat insulation foam layer 3 can be covered, and discontinuous parts, such as a connection part, can be covered seamlessly. The same applies to the reinforced waterproof layer 4.

Moreover, since the heat insulation foaming layer 3 has cushioning properties, even if the flying object by a typhoon or a strong wind hits a roof directly, it can absorb an impact and can prevent damage. The same applies to the reinforced waterproof layer 4.
In addition, since a flame retardant can be added, it conforms to the performance evaluation standards of flame retardant materials specified in Article 1, Item 6 of the Building Standards Act Construction Order, and the flame retardant third grade test specified in JIS A1321, even for fire. It has flame resistance.
Moreover, since it is an instantaneous curing type, the construction time is short and the work can be performed efficiently.

Further, in consideration of the generation of odors and the environment, no organic solvent such as toluene or xylene can be added.
Further, since no chlorofluorocarbon gas is used, the ozone depletion coefficient can be set to zero. The same applies to the reinforced waterproof layer 4.

Next, the reinforcing waterproof layer 4 will be described. This layer is the layer that best exhibits the characteristics of the present invention.
As an example, the material is usually mixed with a main component such as isocyanate and urethane prepolymer and a curing agent such as polyol and polyamine at a mixing ratio of about 1: 1, and a filler, an additive, etc. are added. The spraying work is performed by using a special nozzle spray machine with an optimal special nozzle.

In FIG. 3, the result of the physical-property measurement according to JIS A-6021 "paint coating waterproofing agent for buildings" which is an example of the experimental data of the reinforced waterproof layer 4 is shown.
In the tensile property at break shown in this data, the tensile strength is 2.3 N / mm ^{2, and the} waterproof waterproof layer 4 having the structure of the present invention has a significant strength of 18.0 N / mm ^2. Yes. The elongation at break is 480% against the standard value of 450% or more.
The tensile properties after the deterioration treatment are all conforming to the standard values, indicating that they are not easily deteriorated.
However, the reinforced waterproof layer 4 in the present invention includes the range of this data, and is not limited to this data.
Accordingly, the tensile strength of the reinforcing waterproof layer 4 of the present invention is directed to minimum 10.0 N / mm ² ~ up 50.0N / mm ² or less of a high strength.
This is because the reinforcing effect is insufficient at 10.0 N / mm ² or less. Further, the reason why the maximum value is 50.0 N / mm ² is that, in terms of strength, it is not necessary any more than the load of the operator, and the cost is high.

Moreover, the reinforced waterproof layer 4 in the present invention can exhibit high waterproofness as well as high strength by spraying at a minimum thickness of 0.5 mm to a maximum of 10 mm.
The reinforced waterproof layer 4 is a material that is quick-drying, has high strength, and is extensible. Therefore, it is possible to get on it for 2.0 to 15 seconds after the operator sprays, and it is a very safe construction method, and all the stepping-on accidents due to the damage of the slate during the repair work are prevented. It is possible to demonstrate innovative features.
The reinforced waterproof layer 4 has extensibility, and as shown in FIG. 3, the elongation at break is 480%, and the reinforced waterproof layer 4 is damaged even if the substrate 1 such as a slate breaks. You can follow without.

However, the reinforced waterproof layer 4 in the present invention includes the range of this data, and is not limited to this data.
Therefore, the elongation rate of the reinforced waterproof layer 4 in the present invention can exhibit a minimum of 400% to a maximum of 800%.
This is because the heat insulating foam layer 3 exhibits a great feature of reinforcing weak points that are difficult to prevent from being damaged. This is also a point that exhibits a large performance difference that is not in the structure of the cited patent document.

Moreover, since the thermal conductivity is as small as 0.015 to 0.025 W / mK, extremely high heat insulation can be exhibited. Therefore, the energy saving effect can reduce the heating and cooling costs, and can contribute to the prevention of global warming.
Moreover, high heat insulation can also exhibit the dew condensation prevention effect by raising the inner surface temperature of the base 1 in winter.

Next, as for waterproof performance, when the reinforced waterproof layer 4 is not provided, the guaranteed lifetime value is normally 10 years. However, due to the improved waterproof property of the reinforced waterproof layer 4, the guaranteed lifetime value may be 20 years. it can.
This is because, as in the above-described conventional example, the surface layer is subject to deterioration due to sunlight, ultraviolet rays, rain, snow, etc., aging, and cracks due to long-term use. Then, rainwater enters the fine openings of the heat insulating foam layer from the cracks, and cracks and alterations occur due to freezing and the like, destroying the heat insulating foam layer, but these are prevented by the reinforcing waterproof layer 4 on the surface layer side. Is achieved by
The thickness of the reinforced waterproof layer 4 is preferably about 0.5 mm to 10 mm.
This is because at 0.5 mm or less, the reinforcing strength, waterproofness and heat insulation performance are insufficient.
On the other hand, when the thickness is 10 mm or more, the strength is sufficient, and the spraying construction time is increased, which impedes efficiency and increases the construction cost.
More desirably, the thickness is 1.0 mm to 5.0 mm.
The above-mentioned reinforced waterproof layer 4 can be used by using or mixing a polyurea resin in place of the polyurethane resin. Polyurea resin has high tensile strength and low half-surface elongation.
For example, in a comparative test of tensile strength, the polyurethane system was 14 MPA, while the polyurea system was 24 MPa. Further, the elongation rate was 350% for the polyurethane system and 200% for the polyurea system. These selections can be selected according to the requirements of the construction site.

Next, the surface of the reinforced waterproof layer 4 is one or a plurality of surface layers by any one of sunlight resistance such as ultraviolet light resistance, fire resistance, jumping fire resistance, heat insulation, etc., or a combination thereof. 5 is applied or sprayed.
The surface layer 5 has a spark performance that counteracts a spark such as sparks. Therefore, it is possible to provide a fireproof structure that prevents the occurrence of fire on the roof of the building in the Article 22 of the Building Standards Act.
Further, a material having sunlight resistance such as ultraviolet resistance is applied by painting or spraying.
Due to this effect, the reinforced waterproof layer 4 and the heat insulating foam layer 3 can prevent deterioration from ultraviolet rays and the like, and can exhibit a long-term alteration preventing effect.
Moreover, sunlight can be reflected by the thermal barrier paint and a heat insulation effect can be exhibited.
The surface layer 5 can be coated with a roller or a brush, or with an airless sprayer.

The thickness of the surface layer 5 is preferably about 20 microns minimum to 1.0 mm maximum.
This is because, when the thickness is 20 microns or less, the resistance to sunlight, such as ultraviolet rays, fire resistance, fire resistance, or heat insulation is insufficient.
On the other hand, when the thickness is 1.0 mm or more, cracks are generated due to thermal expansion of the reinforced waterproof layer 4 and the like, and the construction time becomes excessive and the construction cost increases.
More preferably, it is 20 microns to 60 microns.
The construction method of the present invention, the heat insulating foam layer 3 of the construction structure, the reinforced waterproof layer 4 and the surface layer 5 have extremely high weather resistance due to their construction, and without loss of elasticity even at a low temperature of -50 ° C. Elasticity can be maintained even at a high temperature of ℃.

FIG. 4 and FIG. 5 are cross-sectional views showing that it is possible to seamlessly carry out the installation of the fixture 7 such as a bolt for attaching the substrate as described above. FIG. 5 shows a repaired state when the bolt protection cap 8 is provided.
FIG. 6 shows a repair method when there is a discontinuous portion such as the opening 1a damaged by the slate which is the substrate 1. It is possible to cover the opening 1a seamlessly by covering the opening 1a with a repair material 9 such as a cloth or a synthetic resin sheet and spraying the heat insulating foam layer 3 thereon. In addition to this, the discontinuous portion is the same for the connecting portion of the substrate 1, the corner processing portion, and the like.

Next, as shown in FIGS. 7 and 10, the end side surface 1 b of the substrate 1 is waterproofed with the heat insulating foam layer 3 and the reinforcing waterproof layer 4, or the end side surface 3 b of the heat insulating foam layer 3 is covered. Further, waterproofing can be performed with the reinforced waterproofing layer 4. These are local examples, but the other discontinuities that normally cause water leakage can be seamlessly protected.
4 and 5, rust is generated due to long-term corrosion. By the method of the present invention, oxygen is blocked to cover the rust and corrosion. Can be prevented.

Hereinafter, Example 2 of the present invention is a non-metallic material such as slate, concrete, a waterproof sheet, a wooden material, or a roof of a metal building or a base material of a wall,
The primer layer 6 is formed on the surface by painting or spraying, and the heat-insulating foam layer is sprayed on the surface of the primer layer 6 by spraying a quick-drying heat-insulating foam layer 3 made of a resin foam material such as polyurethane. The degree of adhesion to the substrate 1 of 3 is improved.
FIG. 8 is a perspective view showing the structure after construction in the construction process order, and FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view perpendicular to the corrugation of the substrate. FIG. 10 shows a repair method in which the end side surface 1b of the substrate 1 in Example 2 is waterproofed with the heat insulating foam layer 3 and the reinforcing waterproof layer 4, or the end side surface 3b of the heat insulating foam layer 3 is covered. It is sectional drawing.

  The primer layer 6 is not essential, but usually, the surface of the roof substrate 1 is often attached with algae, mold, dust, latency and the like. Although it may be omitted, overall, the adhesion of the heat insulating foam layer 3 can be improved by providing the primer layer 6. As the material, an aqueous or oily primer or the like or a mixture thereof is selected. The primer layer 6 can further enhance the aforementioned asbestos sealing effect.

Example 3 of the present invention eliminates the heat insulating foam layer 3, forms the primer layer 6 on the surface of the substrate 1 by painting or spraying, and directly applies the reinforcing waterproofing layer 4 to the surface by spraying. This is a method and structure for constructing the surface layer 5 on the surface.
FIG. 11 is a perspective view showing the structure after construction in the construction process order, and FIG. 12 is a cross-sectional view perpendicular to the corrugation of the substrate.
If comprised in this way, since there is no heat insulation foaming layer 3, construction thickness can be reduced significantly and drastic cost reduction can be aimed at by the reduction of a weight and the great shortening of construction time.

In this embodiment, as shown in the enlarged schematic diagram of the structure in FIG. 13, the material of the heat insulating foam layer 3 and / or the reinforced waterproof layer 4 includes glass fiber, carbon fiber, short stainless steel, titanium, etc. A fiber reinforced resin (FRP) is obtained by mixing reinforcing fibers 10 such as metal fibers.
The material of the heat insulating foam layer 3 and / or the reinforced waterproof layer 4 may be a material such as a soft polyester resin or a vinyl ester resin that is commonly used as a fiber reinforced resin (FRP).
For the wire diameter, length, and the like of the reinforcing fiber 10, the optimal effect can be selected and used according to the material, and the reinforcing effect can be adjusted. For example, in the case of glass fiber or carbon fiber, the wire diameter is 3 to 20 microns (μm), and it is mixed alone or twisted to give a relative diameter of 0.5 to 2. It is mixed as a fiber bundle of 0 mm (mm). By making the length of the strands or fiber bundles 1 to 30 mm (mm), it is easy to be mixed into the material of the heat insulating foam layer 3 and / or the reinforced waterproof layer 4, and a great reinforcement It can give an effect.
Due to the reinforcing effect of these reinforcing fibers 10, the heat insulating foam layer 3 and / or the reinforced waterproof layer 4 can exhibit higher strength, so that the construction thickness can be reduced, the weight can be reduced, and the construction time can be greatly shortened. The cost reduction effect of reducing the usage fee of the resin material can be obtained.

In this embodiment, the material of the reinforced waterproof layer 4 is mixed with the material of the surface layer 5 having the resistance to sunlight, such as ultraviolet rays, and / or the material having the resistance to fire, or the fire resistance, at a predetermined ratio. Thus, the construction method and structure in which the surface layer 5 is omitted due to its durability and the surface reinforcing waterproof layer 11 is directly the uppermost surface.
For example, the resistance to sunlight such as ultraviolet rays can be enhanced by mixing an acrylic or two-component polyurethane resin or the like. As an example of the material of the surface reinforcing waterproof layer 11, for example, a material mixed with a product name “Saraseine T” (registered trademark) manufactured by Asahi Glass Polyurethane Building Materials Co., Ltd. (registered trademark) is used.
In addition, the fire resistance and jump fire resistance of the surface-reinforced waterproof layer 11 is imparted by mixing silica sand having a particle diameter of 0.2 to 0.3 mm (mm) φ, usually called No. 7 silica sand. I can do it.
The surface layer 5 can be omitted and the surface reinforcing waterproof layer 11 can be directly used as the uppermost surface due to these durability performances.
In this embodiment, since the process and material of the surface layer 5 can be reduced, there is an effect of cost reduction by reducing the usage amount of the resin material of the surface layer 5 and efficiency by significantly shortening the construction time.

Example 6 is a construction structure of a steel structure such as a steel frame, steel tower, bridge, tank, etc. FIG. 16 shows a detailed cross-sectional view of this example.
For the base material 20 of the steel structure, a heat insulating foam layer 23 made of a resin foam material such as polyurethane is provided by spraying or the like on the base surface 22 from which the surface removal layer 21 is removed with keren,
On the surface of the heat insulating foam layer 23, a reinforced waterproof layer 24 made of high-strength resin such as polyurethane or polyurea having quick drying properties and extensibility is provided by spraying or the like,
The surface of the reinforced waterproof layer 24 is one or a plurality of surface layers 25 made of any one of sunlight resistance such as ultraviolet light resistance, fire resistance, jumping fire resistance, heat insulation, etc., or a combination thereof. A construction structure provided by coating or spraying.

The surface of steel structures such as steel frames, steel towers, bridges, tanks, etc. has been conventionally coated with anticorrosive paint, and an aqueous or oily paint film is applied on it to prevent corrosion of steel structures, The aesthetic is also secured.
However, these coating films usually have a curtain thickness of 0.1 mm to 5 mm, deteriorate due to long-term use, and must be repainted at a frequency of about 5 to 10 years. Especially for large steel structures, a temporary construction, removal, and repainting of the scaffolds require considerable time and cost, and a long-life paint structure has been desired.
The present embodiment eliminates these weak points and provides a long-life construction structure and / or a steel structure construction method.

Referring to FIG. 16, the surface of the steel structure substrate 20 has a surface removal layer 21 such as an oxide film. Therefore, in order to remove the surface removal layer 21, an operation of removing the surface removal layer 21, usually called keren, is performed. In addition, the heat insulating foam layer, the reinforced waterproof layer, the surface layer, and the like having the properties and functions described in Examples 1 to 5 are applied. The detailed description of each property and function is omitted, and a description that should be noted in the present embodiment is added.
The heat-insulating foam layer 23 made of a resin foam material such as polyurethane has high adhesion to the steel substrate surface 22 and therefore does not peel even during long-term use. Since the reinforced waterproof layer 24 on the upper layer has strength, it can be integrated to prevent the substrate surface 22 from being exposed.
Therefore, it is possible to achieve an unexpectedly long life.
The heat insulating foam layer 23 has a density of 20 to 70 kg / m ³ , a compressive strength of ³ to 5 kgf / cm ² , exhibits strength in 10 to 60 seconds after spraying, and has a certain reinforcing effect. is doing.
Further, since the thermal conductivity is as small as 0.015 to 0.025 W / mK, extremely high heat insulation can be exhibited.
The thickness of the heat insulating foam layer 3 is preferably about 0.5 mm to 100 mm.
This is because at 0.5 mm or less, the waterproofness is insufficient and the effect cannot be exhibited. Moreover, when it is 100 mm or more, the weight becomes heavy, and an excessive load is applied to the substrate 1, and the construction cost becomes high.
More desirably, the thickness is 0.7 mm to 50 mm.

This Example 7 is a construction structure of a steel structure such as a steel frame, steel tower, bridge, tank, etc.
FIG. 17 shows a detailed cross-sectional view of this example.
A primer layer 26 is formed on the substrate surface 22 obtained by removing the surface removal layer 21 with keren from the substrate 20 of the steel structure by painting or spraying.
A reinforced waterproof layer 24 made of high-strength resin such as polyurethane or polyurea having quick drying properties and extensibility is provided on the surface of the primer layer 26 by spraying or painting.
The above-described reinforced waterproof layer 24 can be used by using or mixing a polyurea resin instead of the polyurethane resin. Polyurea resin has a high tensile strength and a low half-surface elongation.
For example, in a comparative test of tensile strength, the polyurethane system was 14 MPA, while the polyurea system was 24 MPa. Further, the elongation rate was 350% for the polyurethane system and 200% for the polyurea system. These selections can be selected according to the requirements of the construction site.
On the surface of the reinforced waterproof layer, one or a plurality of surface layers 25 of sunlight resistance such as ultraviolet light resistance, fire resistance, jumping fire resistance, heat insulation, etc., or a combination thereof are provided. The present invention provides a construction structure of a steel structure such as a steel frame, a steel tower, a bridge, and a tank and / or a method of installing the steel structure, characterized by being configured by coating or spraying.
In Example 7, the adhesion to the substrate surface 22 is enhanced by the primer layer 26, and the reinforced waterproof layer 24 is provided on the upper layer by spraying, painting, or the like, and further on the upper layer, the sunlight resistance such as UV resistance, or the fire resistance. By constructing one or a plurality of surface layers 25 by application or spraying, which can be achieved by any one of the above properties, or fire-fighting resistance, heat-shielding properties, etc., or a combination thereof, a longer life can be achieved with a simple structure. Provide structure.

This Example 8 is a construction structure of steel structures such as steel frames, steel towers, bridges, tanks, etc.
FIG. 18 shows a detailed cross-sectional view of this example.
A primer layer 26 is formed by coating or spraying on a substrate surface 22 obtained by removing the surface removal layer 21 with kelen on the substrate of the steel structure, and the material of the reinforced waterproof layer 24 is formed on the surface of the primer layer 26. The surface layer is provided with a surface-reinforcing waterproof layer 27 in which a material imparting solar resistance such as ultraviolet resistance is mixed and / or a material such as quartz sand having fire resistance and flying resistance is mixed. Is provided with a construction structure of a steel structure such as a steel frame, a steel tower, a bridge, a tank and / or a method of installing the steel structure, wherein the surface reinforcing waterproof layer 27 is directly on the top surface. It is.
By constructing in this way, the construction is completed by the construction of two layers of the primer layer 26 and the surface-reinforcing waterproofing layer 27, so that a great construction time and construction cost can be reduced.

This Example 9 is a construction structure of a steel structure such as a steel frame, a steel tower, a bridge, a tank or the like described in Examples 6, 7, and 8,
In FIG. 19, the cross-sectional detailed schematic diagram of a present Example is shown.
The material of the heat insulating foam layer 23 and / or the reinforced waterproof layer 24 and / or the material of the surface reinforced waterproof layer 27 is glass fiber, carbon fiber, metal fiber such as short stainless steel or titanium. The construction structure of steel structures such as steel frames, steel towers, bridges, and tanks and / or the installation construction method of steel structures characterized by being made into fiber reinforced resin (FRP) by mixing reinforcing fibers 28 such as Is to provide.
By comprising in this way, the further long life can be achieved, and a drastic construction time and construction cost can be reduced.

  The tenth embodiment prevents damage to the floor, foundation, and ground around the equipment in fields where it is necessary to prevent dangerous material leakage accidents such as substations, power plants, nuclear power plants, chemical factories, and pharmaceutical factories. It provides an epoch-making construction structure and construction method that exhibits extremely high safety. As an example of the description, the transformer 30 such as a substation, a power plant, and a nuclear power plant will be described in detail. However, this includes that it can be applied to other than transformers in fields where it is necessary to prevent accidents involving hazardous materials.

FIG. 26 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing the overall arrangement of a conventional transformer. A transformer oil 31 is sealed inside the transformer 30 to ensure insulation performance.
An oil-proof pit 33 is provided around the foundation 32 of the transformer 30, and an oil-proof dam 34 is provided on the outer periphery thereof, so that the transformer oil 31 and contaminated water do not leak to the external ground 35. It is configured as follows. A wiring rod is also installed in the oil-proof pit 33, but a similar installation structure can be provided on the surface of the wiring rod, but is not shown in order to avoid complication.
Ballast stones 36 are usually placed inside the oil-proof pit 33.
A concrete plate 37 or the like is placed on the bottom surface of the oil-proof pit 33, and the joints between the foundation 32 and the oil-proof embankment 34 are closed with a sealing material. In such a configuration, since the inside of the oil pit 33 and the inner surface of the oil levee 34 cannot be directly visually confirmed, it is necessary to periodically discharge the ballast stone 36 and check the damaged portion.
However, when a strong earthquake occurs, the transformer 30 falls and breaks, the transformer oil 31 sealed inside leaks, and cracks 38 are formed on the bottom surface of the oil pit 33 and the inner surface of the oil breakwater 34. When this occurred, an accident occurred in which the transformer oil 31 leaked from the crack 38, but no appropriate measures have been created to prevent it.

Transformer oil contains PCBs that adversely affect the human body. If it leaks into the ground and infiltrates into groundwater, it will cause a major irreversible accident that will cause health problems for neighboring residents. It becomes.
Normally, ballast stones 36 are placed in the grooves of oil pits and breakwaters, so that defects such as cracks 38 cannot be visually observed, so leaks can be immediately detected and dealt with. There wasn't.
The present invention eliminates these drawbacks and provides an innovative protection structure protection method that can withstand disasters such as large earthquakes and typhoons.

FIG. 20 is a schematic cross-sectional view illustrating the overall arrangement of the transformer of the tenth embodiment. FIG. 21 shows a partially enlarged sectional view of FIG.
The overall schematic process and structure of this example will be described.
A heat insulating foam layer 41 made of a resin foam material such as polyurethane is sprayed onto the pit inner surface 39 constituted by the oil pit 33 and the oil breakwater 34.

  Next, a reinforced waterproof layer 42 made of high strength resin such as polyurethane or polyurea having quick drying properties and extensibility is sprayed on the surface of the heat insulating foam layer 41.

  Next, one or more surface layers 43 having non-flammability, fire resistance, and corrosion resistance not corroded by transformer oil or the like are applied or sprayed onto the surface of the reinforced waterproof layer 42.

Next, details of each process and structure will be described.
The heat-insulating foam layer 41 is a material composed of a resin foam material such as polyurethane, and usually a main agent such as isocyanate and urethane prepolymer and a curing agent such as polyol and polyamine are mixed at a mixing ratio of approximately 1: 1. Mix and foam, add fillers, additives, etc., and spray with a special optimum nozzle sprayer.
In particular, as a further advantage of the present invention, moisture is normally permeated into the ground 35, and the moisture evaporates in the direction of the ground as water vapor. Therefore, even if sprayed on the surface of the ground 35, it has an excellent characteristic that it does not cause a problem such as a swelling phenomenon.

The heat insulating foam layer 41 has a density of 20 to 70 kg / m ³ , a compressive strength of ³ to 5 kgf / cm ² , exhibits strength in 10 to 60 seconds after spraying, and has a certain reinforcing effect. is doing.
Further, since the thermal conductivity is as small as 0.015 to 0.025 W / mK, extremely high heat insulation can be exhibited.
The thickness of the heat insulating foam layer 41 is desirably about a minimum of 5.0 mm to a maximum of 300 mm.
This is because at 5.0 mm or less, waterproofness and heat insulation performance are insufficient and the effect cannot be exhibited. On the other hand, if the thickness is 300 mm or more, the weight increases and the construction cost increases.
More desirably, it is 10 mm to 200 mm.

As described above, since the thickness is sufficiently large, it has an advantage that it has waterproofness, air permeability such as water vapor, and high heat insulating properties.
In addition, since the inner surface 39 of the pit can be seamlessly coated by spraying, it is not necessary to perform inner surface treatment such as sealing on the discontinuous portion of the inner surface 39 of the pit. be able to. The same applies to the reinforced waterproof layer 42.
Moreover, since it is spraying construction, the curtain thickness can be adjusted freely, so that the discontinuous portion can be seamlessly covered even if, for example, a crack 38 as shown in FIGS. The same applies to the reinforced waterproof layer 42.

Moreover, since the heat insulation foam layer 41 has cushioning properties, it can absorb the impact even if the flying object by a typhoon or a strong wind hits directly, and can prevent damage. The same applies to the reinforced waterproof layer 42.
In addition, since a flame retardant can be added, it conforms to the performance evaluation standards of flame retardant materials specified in Article 1, Item 6 of the Building Standards Act Construction Order, and the flame retardant third grade test specified in JIS A1321, even for fire. It has flame resistance.
Moreover, since it is an instantaneous curing type, the construction time is short and the work can be performed efficiently.
Further, in consideration of the generation of odors and the environment, no organic solvent such as toluene or xylene can be added.
Further, since no chlorofluorocarbon gas is used, the ozone depletion coefficient can be set to zero. The same applies to the reinforced waterproof layer 42.

Next, the reinforcing waterproof layer 42 will be described. This layer is a layer that effectively exhibits the features of the present invention.
As an example, the material is usually mixed with a main component such as isocyanate and urethane prepolymer and a curing agent such as polyol and polyamine at a mixing ratio of about 1: 1, and a filler, an additive, etc. are added. The spraying work is performed by using a special nozzle spray machine with an optimal special nozzle. Or the above-mentioned reinforced waterproof layer 42 can use a polyurea-type resin instead of a polyurethane-type resin, or can be mixed and used. Polyurea resin has high tensile strength and low half-surface elongation.
For example, in a comparative test of tensile strength, the polyurethane system was 14 MPA, while the polyurea system was 24 MPa. Further, the elongation rate was 350% for the polyurethane system and 200% for the polyurea system. These selections can be selected according to the requirements of the construction site.

In FIG. 3, the result of the physical-property measurement according to JIS A-6021 "paint coating waterproofing agent for buildings" which is an example of the experimental data of the reinforced waterproof layer 42 of a polyurethane-type resin is shown.
In the tensile property at break shown in this data, the tensile strength is 2.3 N / mm ^{2, and the} waterproof waterproof layer 42 of the structure of the present invention has a significant strength of 18.0 N / mm ^2. Yes. The elongation at break is 480% against the standard value of 450% or more.
The tensile properties after the deterioration treatment are all conforming to the standard values, indicating that they are not easily deteriorated.
However, the reinforced waterproof layer 42 in the present invention includes the range of this data, and is not limited to this data.
Therefore, the tensile strength of the reinforced waterproof layer 42 in the present invention is a high strength of a minimum of 10.0 N / mm ² to a maximum of 50.0 N / mm ² or less.
This is because the reinforcing effect is insufficient at 10.0 N / mm ² or less. Further, the reason why the maximum value is 50.0 N / mm ² is that, in terms of strength, it is not necessary any more than the load of the operator, and the cost is high.
Moreover, the reinforced waterproof layer 42 in the present invention can exhibit high waterproofness as well as high strength by spraying at a minimum thickness of 0.5 mm to 20 mm.

The reinforced waterproof layer 42 is a material that is quick-drying, has high strength, and is extensible. Therefore, the worker can get on it for 2.0 to 15 seconds after spraying, and it is possible to prevent the stepping breakage, which is an extremely efficient and highly safe construction method.
The reinforced waterproof layer 42 has extensibility, and as shown in FIG. 3, the elongation at break is 480%. The oil-proof pit 33, the oil-proof embankment 34, and the concrete plate 37 made of concrete are used. In addition, even if the crack 38 occurs, the reinforced waterproof layer 42 can follow without being damaged.
However, the reinforced waterproof layer 42 in the present invention includes the range of this data, and is not limited to this data.
Accordingly, the elongation rate of the reinforced waterproof layer 42 in the present invention can exhibit a minimum 400% to a maximum 800% elongation.
This exhibits a great feature of reinforcing the strength of the heat insulating foam layer 41.

Moreover, since the thermal conductivity is as small as 0.015 to 0.025 W / mK, extremely high heat insulation can be exhibited. Further, the high heat insulating property can prevent the occurrence of cracks 38 due to freezing of the pit inner surface 39 in winter.
When the reinforced waterproof layer 42 is not provided, when the surface layer 43 deteriorates or changes over time due to long-term use and cracks occur, rainwater enters the fine openings of the heat insulating foam layer 31 from the cracks, freezes, etc. This causes cracks and alterations and destroys the heat-insulating foam layer 41, but this is achieved by preventing them by the reinforcing waterproof layer 42 on the surface layer side.
The thickness of the reinforced waterproof layer 42 is preferably about 0.5 mm to 20 mm.
This is because at 0.5 mm or less, the reinforcing strength, waterproofness and heat insulation performance are insufficient.
On the other hand, when the thickness is 20 mm or more, the strength is sufficient, and the spraying construction time is increased to hinder the efficiency and the construction cost is increased.
More desirably, the thickness is 1.0 mm to 10.0 mm.

Next, the surface of the reinforced waterproof layer 42 is made of a material having solar resistance such as UV resistance and / or the surface of one or more layers having corrosion resistance not corroded by non-flammability, fire resistance, transformer oil, etc. Layer 43 is applied or sprayed.
The surface layer 43 has a spark performance that counteracts a spark such as sparks. Therefore, it is possible to provide a fireproof structure that prevents the occurrence of fire on the roof of the building in the Article 22 of the Building Standards Act.
The surface layer 43 can be coated by a roller or a brush, an airless sprayer, or the like.

The thickness of the surface layer 43 is desirably about a minimum of 20 microns to a maximum of about 3.0 mm.
This is because, when the thickness is 20 microns or less, the sunlight resistance, nonflammability, fire resistance, spark resistance, or corrosion resistance becomes insufficient.
Moreover, when it becomes 3.0 mm or more, it is because construction time becomes excessive and construction cost becomes high.
More desirably, the thickness is 20 microns to 2 mm.
The construction method of the present invention, the heat insulating foam layer 41, the reinforced waterproof layer 42, the surface layer 43, and the surface reinforced waterproof layer 46 of the construction structure have extremely high weather resistance and lose elasticity even at a low temperature of -50 ° C. In addition, the elastic force can be maintained even at a high temperature of 110 ° C.

  Moreover, it is possible to seamlessly close the opening, and the same applies to the connecting portion, the corner processing portion, and the like in addition to the discontinuous portion of the pit inner surface 39.

  Next, as shown in FIGS. 20 and 21, waterproofing can be performed with the reinforcing waterproof layer 42 by covering the side surface of the heat insulating foam layer 41.

FIG. 22 is a partially enlarged cross-sectional view of the eleventh embodiment.
The overall schematic process and structure of the present embodiment will be described. The heat insulating foam layer made of a resin foam material such as polyurethane is formed on the inner surface 39 of the oil pit 33 and the oil breakwater 34. 41 is sprayed.

  Next, a reinforced waterproof layer 42 made of a high-strength resin such as polyurethane or polyurea having quick drying properties and ductility is sprayed on the surface of the heat insulating foam layer 41.

  Next, when the ballast stone 36 is dropped and filled on the surface of the reinforced waterproof layer 42 with a dump truck or the like, the protective sheet has a cushioning property to withstand the impact, and has a nonflammability, a fire resistance, and a corrosion resistance. By providing the layer 44, the construction structure and construction method are further enhanced in impact resistance, incombustibility, fire resistance, and corrosion resistance that is not corroded by transformer oil or the like.

Next, details of each process and structure will be described.
The heat insulating foam layer 41 and the reinforced waterproof layer 42 have the same characteristics and performance as described above.

Next, the protective sheet layer 44 is laid on the surface of the reinforced waterproof layer 42. When the ballast stone 36 is dropped and filled with a dump truck or the like, the protective sheet layer 44 has a cushioning property to withstand the impact, and is nonflammable and fireproof. It is a sheet having corrosion resistance that is not corroded by transformer oil. Examples of the material include synthetic resin, rubber, ceramic sheets such as glass fiber, mats, waterproof cloths, and the like.
In addition, it has the ability to fight against fires such as sparks. Therefore, it is possible to provide a fireproof structure that prevents the occurrence of fire on the roof of the building in the Article 22 of the Building Standards Act.
Furthermore, deterioration from ultraviolet rays or the like can be prevented by mixing a material having sunlight resistance such as ultraviolet rays.

The thickness of the protective sheet layer 44 is preferably about 0.2 mm to 20.0 mm.
This is because at 0.2 mm or less, the cushioning property, nonflammability, fire resistance, or fire resistance, or corrosion resistance is insufficient.
Moreover, when it becomes 20.0 mm or more, it is difficult to handle, the construction time is excessive, and the construction cost is increased.
The construction method of the present invention, the heat insulating foam layer 41 of the construction structure, the reinforced waterproof layer 42, and the protective sheet layer 44 have extremely high weather resistance due to their configurations, and without losing elasticity even at a low temperature of usually −50 ° C. The elastic force can be maintained even at a high temperature of 110 ° C.

    Moreover, it is possible to seamlessly close the opening, and the same applies to the connecting portion, the corner processing portion, and the like in addition to the discontinuous portion of the pit inner surface 39.

  Next, as shown in FIG. 22, by covering the end side surface of the heat insulating foam layer 41, waterproofing can be performed with the reinforcing waterproof layer 42.

FIG. 23 is a partial enlarged cross-sectional view of the twelfth embodiment.
The overall schematic process and structure of the present embodiment will be described. The heat insulating foam layer made of a resin foam material such as polyurethane is formed on the inner surface 39 of the oil pit 33 and the oil breakwater 34. 41 is sprayed.

  Next, a reinforced waterproof layer 42 made of a high-strength resin such as polyurethane having quick drying properties and ductility is sprayed on the surface of the heat insulating foam layer 41.

  Next, one or more surface layers 43 having non-flammability, fire resistance, and corrosion resistance not corroded by transformer oil or the like are applied or sprayed onto the surface of the reinforced waterproof layer 42.

  Next, when the ballast stone 36 is dropped and filled on the surface of the surface layer 43 by a dump truck or the like, the protective sheet layer 44 has a cushioning property to withstand the impact, and has a nonflammability, a fire resistance, and a corrosion resistance. Is a construction structure and construction method in which the corrosion resistance is further enhanced by impact resistance, non-flammability, fire resistance, and corrosion resistance by transformer oil.

  In this embodiment, a surface layer 43 is provided between the reinforced waterproof layer 42 and the protective sheet layer 44. With this configuration, the reinforced waterproof layer 42 and the heat insulating foam layer 41 are further protected. Safety can be improved.

FIG. 24 shows a partially enlarged cross-sectional view of the present embodiment.
The overall schematic process and structure of the present embodiment will be described. The heat insulating foam layer made of a resin foam material such as polyurethane is formed on the inner surface 39 of the oil pit 33 and the oil breakwater 34. 41 is sprayed.
Into the surface of the heat insulating foam layer 41, a material that imparts sunlight resistance such as UV resistance is mixed into the material of the reinforced waterproof layer 42 and / or a material such as silica sand having fire resistance and flying resistance. By providing the surface-reinforcing waterproof layer 46 mixed with the surface layer, the surface layer is omitted.
When the ballast stone 36 is dropped and filled with a dump truck or the like on the surface reinforcing waterproof layer 46, a protective sheet layer 44 having a cushioning property to withstand the impact and having nonflammability, fire resistance, and corrosion resistance is provided. By this, the construction structure and / or construction method which further strengthened the corrosion resistance which is not corroded by impact resistance, nonflammability, fire resistance, transformer oil, etc. are provided.
By constructing in this way, the construction is completed by the construction of the three layers of the heat insulating foam layer 41, the surface reinforcing waterproof layer 46, and the protective sheet layer 44, so that a great construction time and construction cost can be reduced. Can do it.

In this embodiment, as shown in an enlarged schematic view in FIG. 25, the material of the heat insulating foam layer 41 and / or the reinforcing waterproof layer 42 and / or the surface reinforcing waterproof layer 46 is made of glass fiber or carbon. The present invention provides an installation structure and a construction method characterized in that a fiber reinforced resin (FRP) is obtained by mixing fibers, or reinforcing fibers 45 such as metal fibers such as short stainless steel or titanium. .
The material of the heat insulating foam layer 41 and / or the reinforced waterproof layer 42 may be a material such as a soft polyester resin or a vinyl ester resin, which is generally widely used as a fiber reinforced resin (FRP).

As an application example of the present invention, as described above, for a building or a steel structure, a repair structure and a repair method having an extremely large number of features are provided to reduce costs and shorten construction time. As well as contributing to the revitalization of the industry by increasing new demand for new technology through longer life and longer lifespan, work accidents, asbestos environmental problems, energy saving measures to prevent global warming, and various problems This will bring about a significant effect to solve the problem.
Also, even when transformer oil leaks from substations, power plants, nuclear power plants, etc., it can be completely shut off, causing PCBs that adversely affect the human body to flow into the ground and permeate the groundwater, causing health problems for neighboring residents A catastrophe can be prevented.
The same applies to wastewater and waste containing radioactive materials at nuclear power plants.
The same applies to hazardous substances in chemical factories and pharmaceutical factories.
Therefore, it contributes to the environmental measures that the world's industries currently have and exhibits new economic effects.

It is a perspective view of the construction method and construction structure of Example 1 by this invention. It is sectional drawing of the orthogonal | vertical direction with the waveform of the base | substrate of FIG. It is an example of the experimental data of the reinforced waterproofing layer. It is sectional drawing which shows the repair method and structure where the fixture 7 of the base material 1 was wound. It is sectional drawing which shows the repair method and structure in which the bolt protection cap 8 was wound. It is sectional drawing which shows the repair method and structure of the opening part 1a to which the base material 1 was damaged. It is sectional drawing which shows the repair method and structure where the edge part side surface 1b of the base material 1 was wound. It is a perspective view of the construction method and construction structure of Example 2 by this invention. FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view perpendicular to the waveform of the substrate of FIG. 8. It is sectional drawing which shows the repair method and structure where the edge part side surface 1b of the base material 1 was wound. It is a perspective view of the construction method and construction structure of Example 3 by this invention. FIG. 12 is a cross-sectional view perpendicular to the waveform of the substrate of FIG. 11. It is an expansion schematic diagram of Example 4 by this invention. It is a perspective view of the construction method and construction structure of Example 5 by this invention. It is sectional drawing of the orthogonal | vertical direction with the waveform of the base | substrate of FIG. 10 is a detailed cross-sectional view of Example 6. FIG. 9 is a detailed cross-sectional view of Example 7. FIG. 10 is a detailed cross-sectional view of Example 8. FIG. 10 is an enlarged schematic diagram of Example 9. FIG. It is a schematic sectional drawing which shows the whole arrangement | positioning of the transformer of Example 10. FIG. It is a partial expanded sectional view of FIG. 12 is a partially enlarged cross-sectional view of Example 11. FIG. 14 is a partially enlarged cross-sectional view of Example 12. FIG. It is a partial expanded sectional view of Example 13. FIG. It is an expansion schematic diagram of Example 14 by this invention. It is a schematic sectional drawing which shows the whole arrangement | positioning of the transformer of a prior art example.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Base 1a Opening part 1b End side surface 2 Beam 3, 23, 41 Thermal insulation foam layer 3b End side surface 4, 24, 42 Reinforcement waterproof layer 5, 25, 43 Surface layer 6, 26 Primer layer 7 Fixing tool 8 Bolt protection cap 9 Repair Material 10, 28, 45 Reinforcing Fiber 11, 27, 46 Surface Reinforced Waterproof Layer 20 Steel Structure Base 21 Surface Removal Layer 22 Base Surface 30 Transformer 31 Transformer Oil 32 Base 33 Oilproof Pit 34 Oilproof Leve 35 Ground 36 Ballast stone 37 Concrete plate 38 Crack 39 Pit inner surface 44 Protective sheet layer

Claims (21)

For non-metallic materials such as slate, concrete, tarpaulins, wooden materials, or the base material of roofs or walls of metal buildings,
On the surface of the substrate, a heat insulating foam layer composed of a resin foam material such as polyurethane is provided by spraying or the like,
On the surface of the heat insulation foam layer, a reinforced waterproofing layer made of high strength resin such as polyurethane having quick drying property and extensibility is provided by spraying or the like,
One surface layer or a plurality of surface layers by applying any combination of solar resistance such as ultraviolet light resistance, fire resistance, jumping fire resistance, and heat insulation, or a combination thereof, to the surface of the reinforced waterproof layer, or A roof and / or wall construction structure characterized by being provided by spraying or the like. For non-metallic materials such as slate, concrete, tarpaulins, wooden materials, or the base material of roofs or walls of metal buildings,
A primer layer is formed on the surface of the substrate by painting or spraying, and a heat-insulating foam layer composed of a resin foam material such as polyurethane is provided on the surface of the primer layer by spraying, etc., on the surface of the heat-insulating foam layer , Provided with a waterproof waterproof layer made of high-strength resin such as polyurethane or polyurea with quick drying and extensibility by spraying,
One surface layer or a plurality of surface layers by applying any combination of solar resistance such as ultraviolet light resistance, fire resistance, jumping fire resistance, and heat insulation, or a combination thereof, to the surface of the reinforced waterproof layer, or Roof and / or wall construction structure characterized by being provided by spraying. For non-metallic materials such as slate, concrete, tarpaulins, wooden materials, or the base material of roofs or walls of metal buildings,
A primer layer is formed on the surface of the substrate by painting or spraying,
On the surface of the primer layer, a reinforced waterproof layer made of high-strength resin such as polyurethane or polyurea having quick drying properties and extensibility is provided by spraying or the like,
One surface layer or a plurality of surface layers by applying any combination of solar resistance such as ultraviolet light resistance, fire resistance, jumping fire resistance, and heat insulation, or a combination thereof, to the surface of the reinforced waterproof layer, or A construction structure of a roof and / or a wall, which is provided by spraying or the like and configured without providing a heat-insulating foam layer. Non-metallic materials such as slate, concrete, tarpaulins, wood materials, etc., or fixtures such as bolts for attaching the base material to the base material of the roof or wall of a metal building, and / or the end side surface of the base material, And / or roof and / or wall construction characterized in that end side surfaces and / or discontinuous portions of the heat insulating foam layer are rolled up with the heat insulating foam layer and / or the reinforcing waterproof layer to form a seamless structure. Construction. The construction structure of the roof and / or wall according to claim 1, 2, 3, or 4,
The heat insulating foam layer is provided by spraying or the like with a minimum thickness of 5.0 mm to a maximum thickness of 100 mm,
The reinforcing waterproof layer is tensile strength, minimum 10.0 N / mm ² ~ up 50.0N / mm ² polyurethane having the following fast drying and Shin ductility, or high strength resin reinforced waterproof layer such as Poriurea, or surface reinforcement A construction structure for a roof and / or a wall, wherein the waterproof layer is provided by spraying or the like with a minimum thickness of 0.5 mm to 10 mm. The construction structure of the roof and / or wall according to claim 1, 2, 3, 4, or 5,
The roof and / or wall construction structure, wherein the heat-insulating foam layer is a resin foaming agent such as an independent pore polyurethane. The construction structure of the roof and / or wall according to claim 1, or 2, or 3, or 4, or 5, or 6,
A fiber reinforced resin is obtained by mixing reinforcing fibers such as glass fibers, carbon fibers, short stainless steel, or titanium metal fibers into the heat insulating foam layer and / or the reinforcing waterproof layer. (FRP) A roof and / or wall structure. A roof and / or wall structure according to claim 1, or 2, or 3, or 4, or 5, or 6, or 7,
Surface reinforced waterproof layer in which a material imparting solar resistance such as UV resistance and / or a material such as silica sand having fire resistance, jumping resistance, or heat shielding property is mixed with the material of the reinforced waterproof layer. A roof and / or wall structure characterized in that the surface layer is omitted and the surface-reinforced waterproof layer is directly used as the uppermost surface. For non-metallic materials such as slate, concrete, tarpaulins, wooden materials, or the base material of roofs or walls of metal buildings,
A roof and / or wall construction method using the construction structure according to claim 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, or 8. Surface construction structure of steel structures such as steel frames, steel towers, bridges, tanks, etc.
For the base material of the steel structure, a heat insulating foam layer made of a resin foam material such as polyurethane is provided by spraying on the base surface from which the surface removal layer is removed with keren,
On the surface of the heat insulation foam layer, a reinforced waterproof layer made of high-strength resin such as polyurethane or polyurea having quick drying properties and extensibility is provided by spraying or the like,
One surface layer or a plurality of surface layers by applying any combination of solar resistance such as ultraviolet light resistance, fire resistance, jumping fire resistance, and heat insulation, or a combination thereof, to the surface of the reinforced waterproof layer, or Surface construction structure of steel structures such as steel frames, steel towers, bridges, tanks, etc., characterized by spraying. Surface construction structure of steel structures such as steel frames, steel towers, bridges, tanks, etc.
For the substrate of the steel structure, a primer layer is formed on the substrate surface by removing the surface removal layer with keren, or by spraying,
On the surface of the primer layer, a reinforced waterproof layer made of high-strength resin such as polyurethane or polyurea having quick drying properties and extensibility is provided by spraying or the like,
One surface layer or a plurality of surface layers by applying any combination of solar resistance such as ultraviolet light resistance, fire resistance, jumping fire resistance, and heat insulation, or a combination thereof, to the surface of the reinforced waterproof layer, or Surface construction structure of steel structures such as steel frames, steel towers, bridges, tanks, etc., characterized by spraying. Surface construction structure of steel structures such as steel frames, steel towers, bridges, tanks, etc.
For the substrate of the steel structure, a primer layer is formed on the substrate surface by removing the surface removal layer with keren, or by spraying,
On the surface of the primer layer, a material that imparts sunlight resistance such as UV resistance to the material of the reinforced waterproof layer such as polyurethane or polyurea having quick drying properties and extensibility, and / or fire resistance, fire resistance A steel frame or steel tower characterized by providing a surface-reinforced waterproof layer mixed with a material such as silica sand having heat resistance or heat-shielding properties, so that the surface layer is omitted and the surface-reinforced water-resistant layer is directly on the top surface Surface construction structure of steel structures such as bridges, tanks, etc. A surface construction structure of a steel structure such as a steel frame, a steel tower, a bridge, or a tank according to claim 10, 11, or 12,
The material of the heat insulating foam layer and / or the material of the reinforced waterproof layer and / or the material of the surface reinforced waterproof layer is a glass fiber, a carbon fiber, a short stainless steel, a metal fiber such as titanium, or the like. A surface construction structure of a steel structure characterized in that a fiber reinforced resin (FRP) is obtained by mixing the reinforcing fiber.   A steel structure such as a steel frame, steel tower, bridge, tank, etc., and using the construction structure according to claim 10, 11, 12, or 13, a surface construction method for a steel structure. In fields that need to prevent leakage of hazardous materials such as substations, power plants, nuclear power plants, chemical factories, pharmaceutical factories, etc.
A heat insulating foam layer made of a resin foam material such as polyurethane is provided on the upper surface of the base such as the equipment installation location and the surrounding floor, foundation, ground, or ground,
On the surface of the heat-insulating foam layer, a reinforced waterproof layer made of high-strength resin such as polyurethane or polyurea having quick drying properties and extensibility is provided,
One or more layers of the surface of the reinforced waterproof layer, such as UV-resistant solar resistance, flame resistance, fire resistance, or fire resistance, corrosion resistance against transformer oil, or the like, or a combination thereof Construction structure characterized by preventing leakage of dangerous materials in substations, power plants, nuclear power plants, chemical factories, pharmaceutical factories, etc. by applying or spraying the surface layer of the layer. In fields that need to prevent leakage of hazardous materials such as substations, power plants, nuclear power plants, chemical factories, pharmaceutical factories, etc.
A heat insulating foam layer made of a resin foam material such as polyurethane is provided on the upper surface of the base such as the equipment installation location and the surrounding floor, foundation, ground, or ground,
On the surface of the heat-insulating foam layer, a reinforced waterproof layer made of high-strength resin such as polyurethane or polyurea having quick drying properties and extensibility is provided,
By providing a protective sheet layer having impact resistance, cushioning properties, nonflammability, fire resistance, corrosion resistance against transformer oil, etc. on the upper surface of the reinforced waterproof layer, it is possible to install a substation, a power plant, a nuclear power plant, a chemical plant. Construction structure characterized by preventing leakage of dangerous materials in pharmaceutical factories, etc. In fields that need to prevent leakage of hazardous materials such as substations, power plants, nuclear power plants, chemical factories, pharmaceutical factories, etc.
A heat insulating foam layer made of a resin foam material such as polyurethane is provided on the upper surface of the base such as the equipment installation location and the surrounding floor, foundation, ground, or ground,
On the surface of the heat-insulating foam layer, a reinforced waterproof layer made of high-strength resin such as polyurethane or polyurea having quick drying properties and extensibility is provided,
One or more layers of the surface of the reinforced waterproof layer, such as UV-resistant solar resistance, flame resistance, fire resistance, or fire resistance, corrosion resistance against transformer oil, or the like, or a combination thereof The surface layer of the layer is provided by coating or spraying,
By providing a protective sheet layer having impact resistance, cushioning properties, nonflammability, fire resistance, and corrosion resistance on the upper surface of the surface layer, such as substations, power plants, nuclear power plants, chemical factories, pharmaceutical factories, etc. Construction structure characterized by preventing leakage of dangerous goods.   The construction structure according to claim 15, 16, or 17, wherein the material of the reinforcing waterproof layer is a material that imparts sunlight resistance such as ultraviolet resistance, and / or fire resistance, fire resistance, or By providing a surface-reinforced waterproof layer mixed with materials such as silica sand that has thermal barrier properties, the surface layer is omitted, and the surface-reinforced waterproof layer is directly placed on the top, so that it can be used in substations, power stations, and nuclear power plants. Construction structure characterized by the prevention of leakage of hazardous materials at chemical plants, chemical factories, etc. The construction structure according to claim 15, or 16, or 17, or 18.
The heat-insulating foam layer, the minimum thickness of 5.0mm or more and a maximum thickness 300mm or less in spray, and / or the reinforcing waterproof layer is tensile strength, minimum 10.0 N / mm ² to a maximum of 50.0N / mm ² or less of By spraying a reinforced waterproof layer made of high-strength resin such as polyurethane or polyurea with quick drying properties and stretchability, or a surface reinforced waterproof layer with a minimum thickness of 0.5 mm to 20 mm, substations, power plants Construction structure characterized by preventing leakage of dangerous materials at nuclear power plants, chemical factories, pharmaceutical factories, etc. The construction structure according to claim 15, or 16, or 17, or 18, or 19,
The material of the heat insulating foam layer and / or the material of the reinforced waterproof layer and / or the material of the surface reinforced waterproof layer is a glass fiber, a carbon fiber, a short stainless steel, a metal fiber such as titanium, or the like. By incorporating fiber reinforced resin (FRP), it is possible to prevent dangerous materials from leaking from substations, power plants, nuclear power plants, chemical factories, pharmaceutical factories, etc. Construction. In fields that need to prevent leakage of hazardous materials such as substations, power plants, nuclear power plants, chemical factories, pharmaceutical factories, etc.
Leakage of dangerous materials such as substations, power plants, nuclear power plants, chemical factories, pharmaceutical factories, etc. using the construction structure according to claim 15 or 16, or 17, or 18, or 19 or 20 Construction method to prevent.

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