JP2010168878A - Construction structure and construction method for roof, wall, steel structure, floor, foundation, ground surface, and ground - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To solve the problem that roofs or walls, which are constructed by a corrugated slate, metal bent plate tile roofing or the like, require periodical repair because of the leakage of rain through installation sections and damaged sections or the like and degradation in appearance brought about by a secular change occurred over a long time, or of the necessity for improving heat insulation. <P>SOLUTION: A thermal insulation foam layer having quick-drying performance is sprayed onto the basis material of the roof or the wall of a factory, a warehouse, a gymnasium or the like, a stretchy reinforcing waterproof layer of high strength resin is sprayed onto the surface on the thermal insulation form layer, and a surface layer having either of sunlight resistance such as resistance to ultraviolet rays, fire resistance, flying-spark resistance or heat-shielding performance or the like, or otherwise, a combination of these is applied or sprayed onto the surface of the reinforcing waterproof layer. Also, the thermal insulation foam layer having quick-drying performance is sprayed on the basis material of a floor, a foundation, a ground surface and a ground or the like of an apparatus in a field required for preventing a dangerous substance leaking-out accident of electric power substations, electric power plants, atomic-energy power stations, chemical factories, pharmaceutical plants and the like, the stretchy reinforcing waterproof layer high strength resin is sprayed onto the surface of the thermal insulation foam layer, and a non-flammable surface layer and/or a protective sheet layer is arranged on the surface of the reinforcing waterproof layer. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2010,JPO&INPIT

Description

The present invention relates to a construction structure such as a building or a steel structure and a construction method.
In areas where it is necessary to prevent accidental leakage of dangerous materials such as substations, power plants, nuclear power plants, chemical factories, pharmaceutical factories, etc., they exhibit extremely high safety regarding the floor, foundation, ground, and ground of the equipment. The construction structure and construction method to perform are provided.

(1) In the field of buildings, etc.
Traditionally, roofs or walls of factories, warehouses, gymnasiums, etc. have been constructed by corrugated slate or metal folded plates, tiles, concrete, mortar, etc. There has been a need for periodic repairs for damage to occur, rain leaks from attachments and damages, loss of aesthetics, or enhancement of thermal insulation.

In particular, in the case of a slate thatched roof, its strength is significantly reduced, and when an operator gets on it for repair work, the degraded slate breaks frequently and crashes occur frequently. Screamed by the Ministry of Labor and the Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism, it is still an important issue of occupational accidents in the construction industry.
In addition, the conventional slate structure contains carcinogenic asbestos, and dust is scattered to the surroundings and workers during repair, and it is widely taken up as an environmental problem for the difficulty of processing waste materials. . In addition, in recent years, in order to prevent global warming, repairs to improve the heat insulation performance of these old structures and to save energy in air conditioning are becoming increasingly necessary.

Conventional examples to solve these problems have also been proposed, but none of them emphasized strength at the time of repair or after repair, and did not prevent the above-described crash prevention disaster. .
In addition, regarding waterproofness, if cracks occur in the top coat layer on the surface due to aging, rainwater enters the fine pores of the heat insulating foam layer, and cracks and alterations occur due to freezing, etc. Was supposed to destroy.
As an example, there is “JP-A-7-166655”. However, as described above, attention is not paid to prevention of falling due to deterioration of the strength of the substrate, so that the reinforcement strength when the operator gets on is secured. Therefore, there was no fall disaster prevention measure due to strength deterioration for that purpose, and the problem was not actually solved.
Furthermore, since the top coat layer on the surface is a coating film layer, it is difficult to have a sufficient film thickness. Always occurs and cracks occur in the topcoat layer. If this happens, rainwater may enter the fine openings of the heat-insulating foam layer from the cracks, causing cracks and alterations due to freezing, etc., destroying the heat-insulating foam layer, and returning the water to the heat-insulating foam layer. However, it has not been a solution to these problems, and improvements were strongly desired.

  (2) Also, the life of surface coating of steel structures such as steel frames, steel towers, bridges, tanks, etc. is short, and it takes a long time and a large amount of construction cost to repaint, and a long-life construction structure has been desired.

(3) In addition, in areas where it is necessary to prevent leakage of dangerous substances such as substations, power plants, nuclear power plants, chemical factories, pharmaceutical factories, etc., equipment installation locations and surrounding floors, foundations, or grounds, or Protecting the ground such as the ground is regarded as important.
As an example, transformers such as substations and power plants have fallen in various places in recent years, such as Niigata-Chuetsu earthquakes, and have fallen and damaged, causing transformer oil contained inside to leak.

Usually, oil pits and oil breakwaters are constructed of concrete structures around the transformer, but have the following problems.
(1) The concrete structure of oil pits and oil breakwaters will cause cracks and joint deterioration due to secular change, so it is necessary to find and repair those defective parts by regular preliminary surveys.
(2) However, when a strong earthquake occurred, there were accidents in various places where the transformer fell over and was damaged, and the transformer oil sealed inside leaked.
(3) Transformer oil contains PCBs that adversely affect the human body, and if it flows into the ground and infiltrates into groundwater, it becomes an irreparable major pollution accident and causes health problems for the local residents. It will be a catastrophe.
(4) Normally, ballast stone is placed in the groove of the oil proof pit and the oil levee, so that defects such as cracks cannot be immediately observed.
(5) However, in the Niigata-Chuetsu earthquake, etc., a transformer was overturned, resulting in an unexpected large accident, but no appropriate countermeasures were created.

As a conventional example, there has been an invention of switching the drainage pipe of rainwater and water mixed with transformer oil due to the time-dependent change of the transformer as disclosed in “JP-A-7-86044” of [Patent Document 2]. For the leakage of transformer oil, it was only dried naturally in the pit.
There was no assumption of an accident that the floorboard or ground was destroyed and cracked, and the transformer oil leaked and penetrated there, leaving it unprotected.
The same was true for hazardous substance leaks in factories and pharmaceutical factories.

  JP-A-7-166655   JP-A-7-86044

  The present invention provides an extremely practical construction structure and construction method that practically eliminates these problems.

For non-metallic materials such as slate, concrete, tarpaulins, wood materials, or the base material of roofs or walls of metal buildings,
On the surface of the substrate, a thermal insulation foam layer composed of a resin foam using a main component of a polyurethane resin, a phenol resin, or a mixture thereof is provided by spraying or the like,
By spraying a reinforced waterproof layer made of high strength resin using a main component of polyurethane resin, phenol resin, polyurea resin, or a mixture thereof having quick-drying and extensibility on the surface of the heat insulating foam layer, etc. Provided,
One surface layer or a plurality of surface layers by applying any combination of solar resistance such as ultraviolet light resistance, fire resistance, jumping fire resistance, and heat insulation, or a combination thereof, to the surface of the reinforced waterproof layer, or A roof and / or wall construction structure characterized by being provided by spraying or the like is provided.

For non-metallic materials such as slate, concrete, tarpaulins, wood materials, or the base material of roofs or walls of metal buildings,
A primer layer is formed on the surface of the substrate by painting or spraying, and the surface of the primer layer is made of a polyurethane foam resin, a phenolic resin, or a resin foam using a main component of a mixture thereof. A heat insulating foam layer is provided by spraying or the like, and the surface of the heat insulating foam layer is reinforced with a high strength resin such as a polyurethane resin, a phenol resin, a polyurea resin, or a mixture thereof having quick drying properties and extensibility. A waterproof layer is provided by spraying, etc.
One surface layer or a plurality of surface layers by applying any combination of solar resistance such as ultraviolet light resistance, fire resistance, jumping fire resistance, and heat insulation, or a combination thereof, to the surface of the reinforced waterproof layer, or Provided is a roof and / or wall construction structure characterized by being provided by spraying.

For non-metallic materials such as slate, concrete, tarpaulins, wood materials, or the base material of roofs or walls of metal buildings,
A primer layer is formed on the surface of the substrate by painting or spraying,
On the surface of the primer layer, a reinforced waterproof layer made of high-strength resin such as polyurethane resin having quick drying property and ductility, phenolic resin, polyurea resin, or a mixture thereof is provided by spraying or the like.
One surface layer or a plurality of surface layers by applying any combination of solar resistance such as ultraviolet light resistance, fire resistance, jumping fire resistance, and heat insulation, or a combination thereof, to the surface of the reinforced waterproof layer, or Provided is a roof and / or a wall construction structure characterized by being provided by spraying or the like and configured without providing a heat insulating foam layer.

Non-metallic materials such as slate, concrete, tarpaulins, wood materials, or fixtures such as bolts for attaching the base material to the roof or wall base material of a metal building, and / or the end side surface of the base material And / or a roof characterized by having a seamless structure in which end side surfaces and / or discontinuities of the heat-insulating foam layer are wrapped with the heat-insulating foam layer and / or the reinforcing waterproof layer, and And / or provide a wall construction structure.

Slip, concrete, tarpaulin, non-metallic material such as wood, or metal roof or wall base of the building and the adjacent part of the base material is pushed up with the presser, and the upper layer Provided is a roof and / or wall construction structure in which a heat insulating foam layer and / or the reinforced waterproof layer is constructed.

The construction structure of the roof and / or the wall according to claim 1, 2, 3, 4, or 5,
The heat insulating foam layer is provided by spraying or the like with a minimum thickness of 2.0 mm to a maximum thickness of 100 mm,
The reinforcing waterproof layer is tensile strength, minimum 1.0 N / mm ² ~ up 50.0N / mm ² or less of quick-drying and polyurethane resin having a Shin ductility, or phenolic resin, or Poriurea resin, or a mixture thereof Construction structure of roof and / or wall, characterized in that a reinforced waterproof layer made of high-strength resin or the like, or a surface reinforced waterproof layer is provided by spraying or the like with a minimum thickness of 0.5 mm to 10 mm I will provide a.

The construction structure of the roof and / or wall according to claim 1, or 2, or 3, or 4, or 5, or 6,
The heat insulation foam layer is a resin foam material using a main component of an independent pore polyurethane resin, a phenol resin, or a mixture thereof, and / or a construction structure of a wall. I will provide a.

  The roof and / or wall construction structure according to claim 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, or 7, wherein the heat insulating foam layer is a non-fluorocarbon foaming agent. Provided is a construction structure of a roof and / or a wall characterized by using a foaming agent.

A construction structure of a roof and / or a wall according to claim 1, or 2, or 3, or 4, or 5, or 6, or 7, or 8.
A fiber reinforced type is obtained by mixing a reinforcing fiber such as glass fiber, carbon fiber, short stainless steel, or titanium metal fiber into the heat insulating foam layer and / or the material of the reinforced waterproof layer. A roof and / or wall structure characterized by being made of resin (FRP) is provided.

A roof and / or wall structure according to claim 1, or 2, or 3, or 4, or 5, or 6, or 7, or 8, or 9.
By providing a surface-reinforcing waterproof layer provided with a material that imparts sunlight resistance such as ultraviolet resistance and / or a material that has fire resistance, fire resistance, or heat shielding property to the material of the waterproof waterproof layer. The present invention provides a roof and / or wall structure characterized in that the surface layer is omitted and the surface-reinforced waterproof layer is directly used as the uppermost surface.

For non-metallic materials such as slate, concrete, tarpaulins, wood materials, or the base material of roofs or walls of metal buildings,
Construction of roof and / or wall characterized by using construction structure according to claim 1, or 2, or 3, or 4, or 5, or 6, or 7, or 8, or 9, or 10. Provide a method.

Surface construction structure of steel structures such as steel frames, steel towers, bridges, tanks, etc.
Heat insulation composed of a foam material made of resin using a main component such as polyurethane resin, phenolic resin, or a mixture thereof on the surface of the substrate obtained by removing the surface removal layer with kelen to the substrate of the steel structure A foam layer is provided by spraying, etc.
On the surface of the heat insulating foam layer, a polyurethane resin having quick drying properties and extensibility, or a phenolic resin, a polyurea resin, or a reinforced waterproof layer made of a high strength resin such as a mixture thereof is provided by spraying or the like.
One surface layer or a plurality of surface layers by applying any combination of solar resistance such as ultraviolet light resistance, fire resistance, jumping fire resistance, and heat insulation, or a combination thereof, to the surface of the reinforced waterproof layer, or Provided is a surface construction structure for steel structures such as steel frames, steel towers, bridges, tanks, etc., which is provided by spraying.

Surface construction structure of steel structures such as steel frames, steel towers, bridges, tanks, etc.
The heat insulating foam layer provides a surface construction structure for steel structures such as steel frames, steel towers, bridges, tanks, etc., using a carbon dioxide foaming agent which is a non-fluorocarbon foaming agent.

Surface construction structure of steel structures such as steel frames, steel towers, bridges, tanks, etc.
For the substrate of the steel structure, a primer layer is formed on the substrate surface by removing the surface removal layer with keren, or by spraying,
On the surface of the primer layer, a reinforced waterproof layer made of high-strength resin such as polyurethane resin having quick drying property and ductility, phenolic resin, polyurea resin, or a mixture thereof is provided by spraying or the like.
One surface layer or a plurality of surface layers by applying any combination of solar resistance such as ultraviolet light resistance, fire resistance, jumping fire resistance, and heat insulation, or a combination thereof, to the surface of the reinforced waterproof layer, or Provided is a surface construction structure for steel structures such as steel frames, steel towers, bridges, tanks, etc., which is provided by spraying.

Surface construction structure of steel structures such as steel frames, steel towers, bridges, tanks, etc.
For the substrate of the steel structure, a primer layer is formed on the substrate surface by removing the surface removal layer with keren, or by spraying,
On the surface of the primer layer, the material of the reinforced waterproof layer such as a polyurethane resin having quick drying properties and ductility, a phenol resin, a polyurea resin, or a mixture thereof, is resistant to sunlight such as ultraviolet rays. By providing a surface-reinforcing waterproofing layer to which a material for imparting water and / or a material having fire resistance, spark resistance, or heat shielding property is provided, the surface layer is omitted, and the surface-reinforcing waterproofing layer is directly placed on the top surface. A surface construction structure for steel structures such as steel frames, steel towers, bridges, and tanks is provided.

A surface construction structure of a steel structure such as a steel frame, a steel tower, a bridge, or a tank according to claim 12, or 13, or 14, or 15,
The fiber of the heat insulating foam layer and / or the material of the reinforced waterproof layer and / or the material of the surface reinforced waterproof layer is a glass fiber, carbon fiber, metal fiber such as short stainless steel or titanium. The surface construction structure of the steel structure characterized by using fiber reinforced resin (FRP) by mixing reinforcement fibers, such as, is provided.

  A steel structure such as a steel frame, a steel tower, a bridge, and a tank, wherein the construction structure according to claim 12, 13, 13, 14, 15, or 16 is used. I will provide a.

In fields that need to prevent leakage of hazardous materials such as substations, power plants, nuclear power plants, chemical factories, pharmaceutical factories, etc.
Constructed from resin foam using polyurethane resin, phenolic resin, or a mixture of them on the upper surface of the equipment installation location and surrounding floor, foundation, ground, or ground. Providing a heat insulating foam layer,
Provided on the surface of the heat-insulating foam layer is a reinforced waterproof layer made of a high-strength resin such as a polyurethane resin having quick drying properties and ductility, or a phenol resin, a polyurea resin, or a mixture thereof,
One or more layers of the surface of the reinforced waterproof layer, such as UV-resistant solar resistance, flame resistance, fire resistance, or fire resistance, corrosion resistance against transformer oil, or the like, or a combination thereof Provided is a construction structure characterized by preventing leakage of dangerous materials in a substation, power plant, nuclear power plant, chemical plant, pharmaceutical plant, etc. by applying or spraying the surface layer of the layer.

In fields that need to prevent leakage of hazardous materials such as substations, power plants, nuclear power plants, chemical factories, pharmaceutical factories, etc.
Constructed from resin foam using polyurethane resin, phenolic resin, or a mixture of them on the upper surface of the equipment installation location and surrounding floor, foundation, ground, or ground. Providing a heat insulating foam layer,
Provided on the surface of the heat-insulating foam layer is a reinforced waterproof layer made of a high-strength resin such as a polyurethane resin having quick drying properties and ductility, or a phenol resin, a polyurea resin, or a mixture thereof,
By providing a protective sheet layer having impact resistance, cushioning properties, nonflammability, fire resistance, corrosion resistance against transformer oil, etc. on the upper surface of the reinforced waterproof layer, it is possible to install a substation, a power plant, a nuclear power plant, a chemical plant. To provide a construction structure characterized by preventing leakage of dangerous materials in a pharmaceutical factory or the like.

In fields that need to prevent leakage of hazardous materials such as substations, power plants, nuclear power plants, chemical factories, pharmaceutical factories, etc.
Constructed from resin foam using polyurethane resin, phenolic resin, or a mixture of them on the upper surface of the equipment installation location and surrounding floor, foundation, ground, or ground. Providing a heat insulating foam layer,
On the surface of the heat-insulating foam layer, a reinforced waterproof layer made of a high-strength resin such as a polyurethane resin having quick drying properties and ductility, a phenol resin, a polyurea resin, or a mixture thereof is provided.
One or more layers of the surface of the reinforced waterproof layer, such as UV-resistant solar resistance, flame resistance, fire resistance, or fire resistance, or corrosion resistance against transformer oil, or a combination thereof The surface layer of the layer is provided by coating or spraying,
By providing a protective sheet layer having impact resistance, cushioning properties, nonflammability, fire resistance, and corrosion resistance on the upper surface of the surface layer, such as substations, power plants, nuclear power plants, chemical factories, pharmaceutical factories, etc. Provided is a construction structure characterized by preventing leakage of dangerous materials.

  The construction structure according to claim 18, 19, or 20, wherein the material of the reinforced waterproof layer is a material that imparts sunlight resistance such as ultraviolet resistance, and / or fire resistance, fire resistance, or By providing a surface-reinforced waterproof layer with a material that has heat-shielding properties, etc., the surface layer is omitted, and the surface-reinforced water-resistant layer is directly placed on the top surface, so that substations, power plants, nuclear power plants, chemical plants To provide a construction structure characterized by preventing leakage of dangerous materials such as pharmaceutical factories.

The construction structure according to claim 18, 19, 20, or 21,
The heat-insulating foam layer, the minimum thickness of 2.0mm or more and a maximum thickness 300mm or less in spray, and / or the reinforcing waterproof layer is tensile strength, minimum 1.0 N / mm ² to a maximum of 50.0N / mm ² or less of A minimum thickness of 0.5 mm or more of a reinforced waterproof layer or a surface reinforced waterproof layer made of a high-strength resin such as a polyurethane-based resin, a phenolic resin, a polyurea-based resin, or a mixture thereof having quick drying properties and ductility Provided with a construction structure characterized by preventing leakage of dangerous materials in substations, power plants, nuclear power plants, chemical factories, pharmaceutical factories, etc. by spraying at a maximum of 20 mm or less.

The construction structure according to claim 18, 19, 20, 21, or 22,
The heat insulating foam layer is a construction characterized in that it uses a carbon dioxide foaming agent, which is a non-fluorocarbon foaming agent, to prevent leakage of dangerous materials in substations, power plants, nuclear power plants, chemical plants, pharmaceutical factories, etc. Provide structure.

The construction structure according to claim 18, or 19, or 20, or 21, or 22, or 23,
The material of the heat insulating foam layer and / or the material of the reinforced waterproof layer and / or the material of the surface reinforced waterproof layer may be glass fiber, carbon fiber, short stainless steel, titanium, etc. By incorporating reinforcing fibers such as metal fibers into a fiber reinforced resin (FRP), it is possible to prevent leakage of hazardous materials at substations, power plants, nuclear power plants, chemical plants, pharmaceutical plants, etc. Providing a characteristic construction structure.

In fields that need to prevent leakage of hazardous materials such as substations, power plants, nuclear power plants, chemical factories, pharmaceutical factories, etc.
A substation, a power plant, a nuclear power plant, a chemical plant, a pharmaceutical plant, etc., characterized in that the construction structure according to claim 18, or 19, or 20, or 21, or 22, or 23 or 24 is used. Provide construction methods to prevent leakage of dangerous goods.

(1) Regarding the field of buildings such as roofs and walls, Since the heat insulating foam layer 3 and the reinforced waterproof layer 4 have a very low thermal conductivity, they can exhibit extremely high heat insulating properties, exhibit global warming prevention and dew condensation prevention effects due to energy saving effects.
2. Since the heat insulating foam layer 3 and / or the reinforced waterproof layer 4 can be sufficiently thick, the heat insulating foam layer 3 and / or the reinforced waterproof layer 4 have the advantages of high waterproofness and high soundproofing.
3. Since the heat insulating foam layer 3 and / or the reinforced waterproof layer 4 can be seamlessly coated on the substrate 1 by spraying, it is possible to contain asbestos, which is a carcinogenic substance, from scattering, and further to dispose of asbestos waste material. Since it does not occur, it can be extremely effective in the environment.
4). Since the heat insulating foam layer 3 and / or the reinforced waterproof layer 4 is sprayed construction, the film thickness can be adjusted freely, so that a fixture such as a bolt for mounting the base material can be rolled in or applied to the end of the base material 1 Covers the side surface or discontinuous part and can be constructed seamlessly.
5). The fixture 7 of the substrate 1 is rusted due to long-term corrosion, but the structure and construction method of the present invention can prevent the progress of rust and corrosion by blocking oxygen. .
6). The heat insulating foam layer 3 and / or the reinforced waterproof layer 4 can be covered seamlessly by covering with a repair material 9 such as a cloth or a synthetic resin sheet even when the substrate 1 has a damaged opening 1a. .
7). When the substrate 1 is a slate 50, the end of the overlapping portion 52 may be deformed due to a change with time and may jump up. When the overlapping portion 52 is pressed by the presser 54, the overlapping portion 52 comes into close contact, The amount of spraying is small, and good spraying construction is possible.
8). Since the heat insulating foam layer 3 and / or the reinforced waterproof layer 4 is an instantaneous curing type, the construction time is short and the work can be performed very efficiently.
9. The heat-insulating foam layer 3 can be provided with combustion resistance and low smoke generation by using a phenolic resin or a mixture thereof instead of the polyurethane resin.
10. Since the heat insulation foam layer 3 and / or the reinforced waterproof layer 4 have cushioning properties, even if a flying object caused by a typhoon or a strong wind hits the roof directly, the impact can be absorbed and damage can be prevented.
11. The heat insulating foam layer 3 and / or the reinforced waterproof layer 4 can be made free from organic solvents such as toluene and xylene in consideration of the generation of odor and the environment.
12 By adopting the heat insulating foam layer 3 using a non-fluorocarbon foaming agent, it is possible to provide a construction structure and / or construction method that does not cause global environmental problems due to ozone layer destruction, prevention of global warming, and resource reuse. .
13. The reinforced waterproof layer 4 has high strength, and can exert an effect of preventing a crash disaster due to damage of the slate during the above-described repair construction.
14 The reinforced waterproof layer 4 is quick-drying and generates a strength that allows the operator to ride on it for 2.0 to 15 seconds after spraying. A groundbreaking feature that can be said to be able to prevent almost all roof-topping accidents.
15. The reinforced waterproof layer 4 has extensibility, and the reinforced waterproof layer 4 can follow without being damaged even if the substrate 1 such as a slate is broken.
16. The reinforced waterproof layer 4 can improve the guaranteed life from the conventional 10 to 20 years.
17. The strength can be further increased by mixing reinforcing fibers into the heat insulating foam layer 3 and / or the reinforced waterproof layer 4.
18. The reinforcing waterproof layer 4 is made of an acrylic or two-component polyurethane resin or the like and has a sunlight-resistant material such as ultraviolet light and / or a fire-resistant material or a material having a fire-resistant property at a predetermined ratio. By providing the mixed surface reinforcing waterproof layer, the surface layer 5 can be omitted due to its durability, and the construction time can be greatly shortened and the cost can be reduced.
19. The surface layer 5 has a spark performance that counteracts a spark such as sparks. Therefore, it can be set as the structure which prevents generation | occurrence | production of a fire with respect to the roof of the building in Building Standard Act Article 22 area.
20. The surface layer 5 can prevent deterioration of the reinforced waterproof layer 4 and the heat insulating foamed layer 3 from sunlight rays such as ultraviolet rays, and can exhibit a long-term alteration preventing effect.
21. The surface layer 5 can also reflect sunlight and exhibit a heat insulation effect by a thermal barrier paint.
22. The heat-insulating foam layer 3, the reinforced waterproof layer 4 and the surface layer 5 have extremely high weather resistance due to their constitutions, and without losing elasticity even at a low temperature of usually -50 ° C, and can maintain an elastic force even at a high temperature of 110 ° C. .

(2) In the field of construction structure of steel structures such as steel frames, steel towers, bridges, tanks,
1. The heat insulating foam layer 23 and / or the reinforced waterproof layer 24 has an advantage of high waterproofness and corrosion resistance because it can be sufficiently thick.
2. Since the heat insulating foam layer 23 and / or the reinforced waterproof layer 24 is a spraying construction, the film thickness can be adjusted freely, so that it can be rolled up even in the intermittent part of the steel structure, or the discontinuous part is covered, Can be constructed seamlessly.
3. Since the heat insulating foam layer 23 and / or the reinforced waterproof layer 24 is an instantaneous curing type, the construction time is short, and the work can be performed very efficiently.
4). The heat insulation foam layer 23 can provide combustion resistance and low smoke generation by using a main component of a phenol resin or a mixture thereof instead of the polyurethane resin.
5). Since the heat insulation foam layer 23 and / or the reinforced waterproof layer 24 have cushioning properties, even if a flying object due to a typhoon or a strong wind hits directly, the shock is absorbed and the coating film is not broken.
6). Since the heat insulation foam layer 23 and / or the reinforced waterproof layer 24 have good adhesiveness, spraying can be performed without providing a primer layer.
7). The heat insulating foam layer 23 and / or the reinforced waterproof layer 24 can be made free from organic solvents such as toluene and xylene in consideration of odor generation and the environment.
8). By adopting the heat insulating foam layer 3 using a non-fluorocarbon foaming agent, it is possible to provide a construction structure and / or construction method that does not cause global environmental problems due to ozone layer destruction, prevention of global warming, and resource reuse. .
9. The reinforced waterproof layer 24 is quick-drying, and the operator can ride on it for 2.0 to 15 seconds after spraying. Very suitable for.
10. By mixing reinforcing fibers into the heat insulating foam layer 23 and / or the reinforced waterproof layer 24, the strength can be further increased as a fiber reinforced resin (FRP).
11. By providing the reinforced waterproof layer 24 with a surface reinforced waterproof layer in which a material having fire resistance or spark resistance is mixed at a predetermined ratio, the surface layer 33 is omitted due to its durability, and the construction time is greatly reduced. Shortening and cost reduction effect can be demonstrated.
12 The heat-insulating foam layer 23, the reinforced waterproof layer 24, and the surface layer 25 have extremely high weather resistance due to their structures, and can maintain elasticity even at a high temperature of 110 ° C. without loss of elasticity even at a low temperature of −50 ° C. .

(3) Even in fields where it is necessary to prevent leakage of dangerous substances such as substations, power plants, nuclear power plants, chemical factories, pharmaceutical factories, etc.
1. The heat insulating foam layer 41 and / or the reinforced waterproof layer 42 has an advantage of high leakage prevention property because the thickness is sufficiently large. In particular, since extensibility is excellent during an earthquake or the like, even if cracks 38 occur in concrete, no breaks occur, and there is no risk that dangerous substances such as radioactive oils such as transformer oil will leak into the basement.
2. Since the heat insulating foam layer 41 and / or the reinforced waterproof layer 42 is sprayed construction, the film thickness can be adjusted freely, so that it can be rolled up even at the intermittent part between the ground and the concrete surface, or the discontinuous part can be covered. And it can be constructed seamlessly.
3. The heat insulating foam layer 41 and / or the reinforced waterproof layer 42 can be directly sprayed on the concrete, which is a base material, and can be applied even in a wet state. No ground adjustment is required, and no caulking work is required for cracks. In addition, since it is not necessary to provide a primer layer, it is extremely efficient and inexpensive.
4). Since the heat insulating foam layer 41 and / or the reinforced waterproof layer 42 is an instantaneous curing type, the construction time is short, and the work can be performed very efficiently.
5). The heat-insulating foam layer 41 can impart combustion resistance and low smoke generation by using a phenolic resin or a mixture thereof instead of the polyurethane resin.
6). Since the heat insulation foam layer 41 and / or the reinforced waterproof layer 42 have cushioning properties, even if a flying object due to a typhoon or a strong wind hits directly, the impact can be absorbed and damage can be prevented.
7). Since the heat insulating foam layer 41 has air permeability that allows water vapor from the ground 35 to pass through and diverge, it does not cause a swelling phenomenon or the like.
8). The heat-insulating foam layer 41 and / or the reinforced waterproof layer 42 can be made free of organic solvents such as toluene and xylene in consideration of odor generation and the environment.
9. By adopting the heat insulating foam layer 3 using a non-fluorocarbon foaming agent, it is possible to provide a construction structure and / or construction method that does not cause global environmental problems due to ozone layer destruction, prevention of global warming, and resource reuse. .
10. The reinforced waterproofing layer 42 is quick-drying, and the operator can ride on it for 2.0 to 15 seconds after spraying. Very suitable for construction.
11. The guaranteed lifetime can be improved by the reinforced waterproof layer 42.
12 By mixing the reinforcing fibers 45 into the heat insulating foam layer 41 and / or the reinforced waterproof layer 42, the strength can be further increased as a fiber reinforced resin (FRP).
13. By providing the reinforced waterproof layer 42 with a surface reinforced waterproof layer in which a material having fire resistance or spark resistance is mixed in a predetermined ratio, the surface layer 43 is omitted due to its durability, and the construction time is greatly reduced. Shortening and cost reduction effect can be demonstrated.
14 The heat-insulating foam layer 41, the reinforced waterproof layer 42, and the surface layer 43 have extremely high weather resistance due to their structures, and can maintain elasticity even at a high temperature of 110 ° C. without loss of elasticity even at a low temperature of −50 ° C. .
15. In particular, by providing the protective sheet layer 44 having impact resistance, cushioning properties, nonflammability, fire resistance, and corrosion resistance, it is possible to shut off even when the transformer oil 31 leaks, so that PCBs and the like that adversely affect the human body are grounded. It is possible to prevent catastrophes that cause health problems for neighboring residents, such as spilling into the ground and permeating into groundwater.
16. The same applies to wastewater and waste containing radioactive materials at nuclear power plants.
17. The same applies to hazardous substances in chemical factories and pharmaceutical factories.

It is a perspective view of the construction method and construction structure of Example 1 by this invention. It is sectional drawing of the orthogonal | vertical direction with the waveform of the base | substrate of FIG. It is an example of the experimental data of the reinforced waterproofing layer. It is sectional drawing which shows the repair method and structure where the fixture 7 of the base material 1 was wound. It is sectional drawing which shows the repair method and structure in which the bolt protection cap 8 was wound. It is sectional drawing which shows the repair method and structure of the opening part 1a to which the base material 1 was damaged. It is sectional drawing which shows the repair method and structure where the edge part side surface 1b of the base material 1 was wound. It is a perspective view of the construction method and construction structure of Example 2 by this invention. It is sectional drawing of the orthogonal | vertical direction with the waveform of the base | substrate of FIG. It is sectional drawing which shows the repair method and structure where the edge part side surface 1b of the base material 1 was wound. It is a perspective view of the construction method and construction structure of Example 3 by this invention. FIG. 12 is a cross-sectional view perpendicular to the waveform of the substrate of FIG. 11. It is an expansion schematic diagram of Example 4 by this invention. It is a perspective view of the construction method and construction structure of Example 5 by this invention. It is sectional drawing of the orthogonal | vertical direction with the waveform of the base | substrate of FIG. 10 is a detailed cross-sectional view of Example 6. FIG. 9 is a detailed cross-sectional view of Example 7. FIG. 10 is a detailed cross-sectional view of Example 8. FIG. 10 is an enlarged schematic diagram of Example 9. FIG. It is a schematic sectional drawing which shows the whole arrangement | positioning of the transformer of Example 10. FIG. It is a partial expanded sectional view of FIG. 12 is a partially enlarged cross-sectional view of Example 11. FIG. 14 is a partially enlarged cross-sectional view of Example 12. FIG. 14 is a partially enlarged sectional view of Example 13. FIG. It is an expansion schematic diagram of Example 14 by this invention. It is a schematic sectional drawing which shows the whole arrangement | positioning of the transformer of a prior art example. It is a reaction mechanism figure which shows the structure of a phenol-type resin. It is general physical property data of a phenol resin. It is data which shows a burning rate, a specific light reduction area, and an average heat generation rate. This is an experimental situation showing burnability and smoke generation by a burner. It is a comparative table of one example which shows the environmental characteristic of a foaming agent. It is sectional drawing which shows the state which the overlap part 52 deform | transformed. FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view showing a state in which the overlapping portion 52 is pressed by a presser 54. It is sectional drawing which constructed the heat insulation foaming layer 3, the reinforcement waterproofing layer 4, etc. in the overlap part 52. FIG. It is a perspective view of the construction structure of the state which pressed the edge part of the overlap part.

As described above, the present invention is in the field of buildings and the like.
The present invention provides a repair construction structure and a construction method for solving problems related to roof and / or wall repair work.
Moreover, the surface construction structure and surface construction method of steel structures, such as a steel frame, a steel tower, a bridge, and a tank, are provided.
Also, in fields where it is necessary to prevent accidental leakage of dangerous materials such as substations, power plants, nuclear power plants, chemical factories, pharmaceutical factories, etc., extremely high safety is provided to prevent damage to the floor, foundation and ground of the equipment. The groundbreaking construction structure and construction method to be demonstrated are provided.
The above and other objects and novel features of the present invention will become more fully apparent when the following description is read in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
However, the drawings are for explanation only and do not limit the technical scope of the present invention. Details will be described below with reference to the drawings.

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.
In the field of buildings, etc.
FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a structure after construction in the order of construction processes, and FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view perpendicular to the corrugation of the substrate.
Explaining the overall schematic process and structure, a non-metallic material such as slate, concrete, a waterproof sheet, a wooden material, or a base material 1 of a roof or wall of a metal building is fixed to a supporting beam 2. .
A heat insulating foam layer 3 made of a resin foam such as polyurethane resin and / or phenol resin is sprayed on the surface of the substrate 1.

  Next, a reinforced waterproof layer 4 made of a high-strength resin such as polyurethane resin or polyurea having quick drying properties and ductility is sprayed on the surface of the heat insulating foam layer 3.

  Next, the surface of the reinforced waterproof layer 4 is one or a plurality of surface layers by any one of sunlight resistance such as ultraviolet light resistance, fire resistance, jumping fire resistance, heat insulation, etc., or a combination thereof. 5 is applied or sprayed.

Next, details of each process and structure will be described.
The heat insulating foam layer 3 is a material made of a resin foam such as polyurethane resin, phenol resin, or a mixture thereof.
Usually, a resin mainly composed of polyol and polypropylene glycol (PPG) is used as a main agent.
Alternatively, a main component of a phenolic resin or a phenolic resin mainly composed of a novolac thermoplastic resin or a mixture thereof is used as a main agent.
With respect to those main ingredients, a crosslinking agent such as isocyanate is mixed and foamed at a mixing ratio of about 1: 1, and a filler, additive, etc. are added, and a dedicated special nozzle sprayer is used. Spray construction.
In particular, when a phenol resin-based main agent is used, combustion resistance and smoke resistance can be improved.
Further, in order to enhance the effect of the present invention, the heat insulating foamed layer 3 is made of independent pores as described in claim 7, thereby preventing moisture from entering and improving heat insulation.

The heat insulating foam layer 3 has a density of 20 to 70 kg / m ³ , a compressive strength of ³ to 5 kgf / cm ² , exhibits strength in 10 to 60 seconds after spraying, and has a certain reinforcing effect. is doing.
Moreover, since heat conductivity is as very small as 0.015-0.025 W / mK, very high heat insulation can be exhibited.
The thickness of the heat insulating foam layer 3 is preferably about 2.0 mm to 100 mm.
This is because at 2.0 mm or less, waterproofness and heat insulation performance are insufficient and the effect cannot be exhibited. Moreover, when it is 100 mm or more, the weight becomes heavy, and an excessive load is applied to the substrate 1, and the construction cost is increased.
More desirably, it is 7 mm to 50 mm.

As described above, since the thickness can be taken sufficiently, it has advantages of high heat insulation, high waterproofness, and high soundproofing.
Moreover, since the base material 1 can be seamlessly coated by spraying, asbestos, which is a carcinogenic substance, can be contained from being scattered, and no waste material of asbestos is generated. The same applies to the reinforced waterproof layer 4.

    Moreover, since it is spraying construction, the film thickness can be adjusted freely. For example, as shown in FIG. 4 and FIG. As shown in FIG. 10, the end side surface of the substrate 1 and / or the end side surface of the heat-insulating foam layer 3 can be covered, or as shown in FIG. The same applies to the reinforced waterproof layer 4.

Moreover, since the heat insulation foaming layer 3 has cushioning properties, even if the flying object by a typhoon or a strong wind hits a roof directly, it can absorb an impact and can prevent damage. The same applies to the reinforced waterproof layer 4.
Moreover, since it is an instantaneous curing type, the construction time is short and the work can be performed efficiently.

  In addition, considering the generation of odors and the environment, it is possible to add no organic solvents such as toluene and xylene.

In addition, since the heat insulating foam layer 3 has been used as a foaming agent in the past, chlorofluorocarbon HCFC141b is an ozone-depleting substance. Alternative Freon HFC is used.
However, although the alternative chlorofluorocarbon HFC does not destroy the ozone layer, it is classified as a global warming effect gas in the Kyoto Protocol.

In order to eliminate this drawback, in the structure of the present invention, a “carbon dioxide foaming agent” which is a non-fluorocarbon foaming agent and foamed with carbon dioxide gas generated by the reaction of isocyanate and water was tested, and the construction experiment was repeated.
Carbon dioxide foaming agents have the disadvantage that workability and adhesion are poor.
Furthermore, in order to solve environmental problems, it is required to use recycled resources based on the Green Purchasing Law established by the Environment Agency.
However, as a result of many construction experiments, we found the best composition and construction method of non-fluorocarbon foaming agents with polyol components that use construction resources and good adhesion, are flame retardant materials, and use recycled resources by the green purchasing method. Insulating foam layer 3 with non-fluorocarbon foaming agent was developed and applied.

FIG. 31 is an example showing the environmental characteristics of the foaming agent.
According to this, the carbon dioxide blowing agent has an ozone depletion potential (ODP) of 0, and additionally has a global warming potential (GWP) of 1.
Therefore, it was possible to develop an innovative construction structure and construction method that would not cause the most important environmental problems for the future of the earth.

Next, the reinforcing waterproof layer 4 will be described. This layer is the layer that best exhibits the characteristics of the present invention.
As an example of the material, a polyurethane-based resin whose main component is a polyol or polypropylene glycol (PPG) is usually used as a main agent.
A crosslinking agent such as isocyanate is mixed with the main agent at a mixing ratio of about 1: 1, a filler, an additive, and the like are added, and spraying is performed by a dedicated optimum nozzle sprayer.

In FIG. 3, the result of the physical-property measurement according to JIS A-6021 "paint coating waterproofing agent for buildings" which is an example of the experimental data of the reinforced waterproof layer 4 is shown.
In the tensile property at break shown in this data, the tensile strength is 2.3 N / mm ^{2, and the} waterproof waterproof layer 4 having the structure of the present invention has a significant strength of 18.0 N / mm ^2. Yes. The elongation at break is 480% against the standard value of 450% or more.
The tensile properties after the deterioration treatment are all conforming to the standard value, indicating that the deterioration is difficult.
However, the reinforced waterproof layer 4 in the present invention includes the range of this data, and is not limited to this data.
Accordingly, the tensile strength of the reinforcing waterproof layer 4 of the present invention is directed to a minimum 1.0 N / mm ² ~ up 50.0N / mm ² or less of a high strength.
This is because the reinforcing effect is insufficient at 1.0 N / mm ² or less. Further, the reason why the maximum value is 50.0 N / mm ² is that, in terms of strength, no more is required for the load of the operator, and the cost is increased.

Moreover, the reinforced waterproof layer 4 in the present invention can exhibit high waterproofness as well as high strength by spraying at a minimum thickness of 0.5 mm to a maximum of 10 mm.
The reinforced waterproof layer 4 is a material that is quick-drying, has high strength, and is extensible. Therefore, it is possible to get on it for 2.0 to 15 seconds after the operator sprays, and it is a very safe construction method, and all the stepping-on accidents due to the damage of the slate during the repair work are prevented. It is possible to demonstrate innovative features.
The reinforced waterproof layer 4 has extensibility, and as shown in FIG. 3, the elongation at break is 480%, and the reinforced waterproof layer 4 is damaged even if the substrate 1 such as a slate breaks. You can follow without.

However, the reinforced waterproof layer 4 in the present invention includes the range of this data, and is not limited to this data.
Therefore, the elongation rate of the reinforced waterproof layer 4 in the present invention can exhibit a minimum of 400% to a maximum of 800%.
This is because the heat insulating foam layer 3 exhibits a great feature of reinforcing weak points that are difficult to prevent from being damaged. This is also a point that exhibits a large performance difference that is not in the structure of the cited patent document.

Moreover, since the thermal conductivity is as small as 0.015 to 0.025 W / mK, extremely high heat insulation can be exhibited. Therefore, the energy saving effect can reduce the heating and cooling costs, and can contribute to the prevention of global warming.
Moreover, high heat insulation can also exhibit the dew condensation prevention effect by raising the inner surface temperature of the base 1 in winter.

Next, as for waterproof performance, when the reinforced waterproof layer 4 is not provided, the guaranteed lifetime value is normally 10 years. However, due to the improved waterproof property of the reinforced waterproof layer 4, the guaranteed lifetime value may be 20 years. it can.
This is because, as in the above-described conventional example, the surface layer is subject to deterioration due to sunlight, ultraviolet rays, rain, snow, etc., aging, and cracks due to long-term use. Then, rainwater enters the fine openings of the heat insulation foam layer from the cracks, and cracks and alterations occur due to freezing and the like, and the heat insulation foam layer is destroyed. Is achieved by

The thickness of the reinforced waterproof layer 4 is preferably about 0.5 mm to 10 mm.
This is because at 0.5 mm or less, the reinforcing strength, waterproofness and heat insulation performance are insufficient.
On the other hand, when the thickness is 10 mm or more, the strength is sufficient, and the spraying construction time is increased, which impedes efficiency and increases the construction cost.
More desirably, the thickness is 1.0 mm to 5.0 mm.

The above-mentioned reinforced waterproof layer 4 may be made of polyurethane resin, phenol resin, polyurea resin, or a mixture thereof.
The polyurea resin has a high tensile strength and a low half-surface elongation.
For example, in a comparative test of tensile strength, the polyurethane resin was 14 MPa, while the polyurea resin was 24 MPa. In addition, the elongation rate was 350% for the polyurethane resin and 200% for the polyurea resin. These selections can be selected according to the requirements of the construction site.

  In addition, in order to improve combustion resistance and smoke resistance, the main component of phenolic resin or phenolic resin mainly composed of novolac thermoplastic resin instead of the main component of polyurethane resin or polyurea resin, or those It is also possible to use a mixture of

Next, the surface of the reinforced waterproof layer 4 is one or a plurality of surface layers by any one of sunlight resistance such as ultraviolet light resistance, fire resistance, jumping fire resistance, heat insulation, etc., or a combination thereof. 5 is applied or sprayed.
The surface layer 5 has a spark performance that counteracts a spark such as sparks. Therefore, it can be set as the structure which prevents generation | occurrence | production of a fire with respect to the roof of the building in Building Standard Act Article 22 area.
Further, a material having solar resistance such as ultraviolet resistance is applied by painting or spraying.
Due to this effect, the reinforced waterproof layer 4 and the heat insulating foam layer 3 can prevent deterioration from ultraviolet rays and the like, and can exhibit a long-term alteration preventing effect.
Moreover, sunlight can be reflected by the heat-shielding paint, and a heat insulation effect can be exhibited.
The surface layer 5 can be applied with a roller or a brush, or with an airless sprayer.

The thickness of the surface layer 5 is preferably about 20 microns minimum to 1.0 mm maximum.
This is because, when the thickness is 20 microns or less, the resistance to sunlight, such as ultraviolet rays, fire resistance, fire resistance, or heat insulation is insufficient.
On the other hand, when the thickness is 1.0 mm or more, cracks are generated due to thermal expansion of the reinforced waterproof layer 4 and the like, and the construction time becomes excessive and the construction cost increases.
More preferably, it is 20 microns to 60 microns.
The construction method of the present invention, the heat insulating foam layer 3 of the construction structure, the reinforced waterproof layer 4 and the surface layer 5 have extremely high weather resistance due to their construction, and without loss of elasticity even at a low temperature of -50 ° C. Elasticity can be maintained even at a high temperature of ℃.

FIG. 4 and FIG. 5 are cross-sectional views showing that it is possible to seamlessly carry out the installation of the fixture 7 such as a bolt for attaching the substrate as described above. FIG. 5 shows a repaired state when the bolt protection cap 8 is provided.
FIG. 6 shows a repair method in the case where there are discontinuous parts such as the opening 1a damaged in the slate as the base 1. It is possible to cover the opening 1a seamlessly by covering the opening 1a with a repair material 9 such as a cloth or a synthetic resin sheet and spraying the heat insulating foam layer 3 thereon. In addition to this, the discontinuous portion is the same for the connecting portion of the substrate 1, the corner processing portion, and the like.

Next, as shown in FIGS. 7 and 10, the end side surface 1 b of the substrate 1 is waterproofed with the heat insulating foam layer 3 and the reinforcing waterproof layer 4, or the end side surface 3 b of the heat insulating foam layer 3 is covered. Further, waterproofing can be performed with the reinforcing waterproof layer 4. These are local examples, but the other discontinuities that normally cause water leakage can be seamlessly protected.
4 and FIG. 5, the rust is generated due to long-term corrosion, but by the method of the present invention, oxygen is blocked to cover them, and the progress of rust and corrosion. Can be prevented.

Next, as shown in FIG. 32, when the substrate 1 is a slate 50, when it is newly installed, it is usually provided with one or two overlapping portions 52 on the slate that is the adjacent substrate 51 or the like.
However, as shown in FIG. 32, the end portion of the overlapping portion 52 may be deformed and jumped upward as shown in FIG. 32. The construction structure and construction method in that case will be described.
When the end portion is open as described above, even if it is attempted to construct the heat insulating foam layer 3 or the reinforced waterproof layer 4, the material enters from the opening 53, and the amount of spraying becomes great, making construction difficult. There is a case.

In this case, as shown in FIG. 33, from the upper side of the slate 50 of the overlapping portion 52, a screw with a tip or a presser 54 such as a bolt and nut usually called “screw” is screwed with a tool, and the overlapping portion 52 is moved to the tip. When pressed by a presser 54 such as a screw with a screw or a bolt and nut, the overlapping portion 52 comes into close contact, and good spraying construction is possible.
Next, as shown in FIG. 34, a heat insulating foam layer 3 or a reinforced waterproof layer 4 or the like can be applied above it, and a seamless and defect-free structure can be obtained.
FIG. 35 is a perspective view of the construction structure in a state in which the end portion of the overlapped portion 52 that has been pushed up is held down by a presser 54 such as a screw with a tip or a bolt and nut.
In this case, the same applies to substrates other than slate.

Hereinafter, Example 2 of the present invention is a non-metallic material such as slate, concrete, a waterproof sheet, a wooden material, or a roof or wall base material of a metal building,
A primer layer 6 is formed on the surface by painting or spraying, and a quick-drying heat insulating material is formed on the surface of the primer layer 6 with a resin foam such as polyurethane resin, phenol resin, or a mixture thereof. By spraying the foam layer 3, the degree of adhesion of the heat insulating foam layer 3 to the substrate 1 is improved.
FIG. 8 is a perspective view showing a structure after construction in the construction process order, and FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view in a direction perpendicular to the waveform of the substrate. FIG. 10 shows a repair method in which the end side surface 1b of the substrate 1 in Example 2 is waterproofed with the heat insulating foam layer 3 and the reinforcing waterproof layer 4, or the end side surface 3b of the heat insulating foam layer 3 is covered. It is sectional drawing.

  The primer layer 6 is not essential, but usually, the surface of the roof substrate 1 is often attached with algae, mold, dust, latency and the like. Although it may be omitted, overall, the adhesion of the heat insulating foam layer 3 can be improved by providing the primer layer 6. As the material, an aqueous or oily primer or the like or a mixture thereof is selected. The primer layer 6 can further enhance the aforementioned asbestos sealing effect.

Example 3 of the present invention eliminates the heat insulating foam layer 3, forms the primer layer 6 on the surface of the substrate 1 by painting or spraying, and directly applies the reinforcing waterproofing layer 4 to the surface by spraying. This is a method and structure for constructing the surface layer 5 on the surface.
FIG. 11 is a perspective view showing the structure after construction in the construction process order, and FIG. 12 is a cross-sectional view perpendicular to the corrugation of the substrate.
If comprised in this way, since there is no heat insulation foaming layer 3, construction thickness can be reduced significantly and drastic cost reduction can be aimed at by the reduction of a weight and the great shortening of construction time.

In this embodiment, as shown in the enlarged schematic diagram of the structure in FIG. 13, the material of the heat insulating foam layer 3 and / or the reinforced waterproof layer 4 includes glass fiber, carbon fiber, short stainless steel, titanium, etc. A fiber reinforced resin (FRP) is obtained by mixing reinforcing fibers 10 such as metal fibers.
The material of the heat insulating foam layer 3 and / or the reinforced waterproof layer 4 may be a material such as a soft polyester resin or a vinyl ester resin that is commonly used as a fiber reinforced resin (FRP).
The wire diameter, length, etc. of the reinforcing fiber 10 can be selected and used in accordance with the material, and the reinforcing effect can be adjusted. For example, in the case of glass fiber or carbon fiber, the wire diameter is 3 to 20 microns (μm), and it is mixed alone or twisted to give a relative diameter of 0.5 to 2. It is mixed as a fiber bundle of 0 mm (mm). By making the length of the strands or fiber bundles 1 to 30 mm (mm), it is easy to be mixed into the material of the heat insulating foam layer 3 and / or the reinforced waterproof layer 4, and a great reinforcement It can give an effect.
Due to the reinforcing effect of these reinforcing fibers 10, the heat insulating foam layer 3 and / or the reinforced waterproof layer 4 can exhibit higher strength, so that the construction thickness can be reduced, the weight can be reduced, and the construction time can be greatly shortened. Cost reduction effect of reducing the usage fee of the resin material.

In this embodiment, the material of the reinforced waterproof layer 4 is mixed with the material of the surface layer 5 having the resistance to sunlight, such as ultraviolet rays, and / or the material having the resistance to fire, or the fire resistance, at a predetermined ratio. Thus, the construction method and structure in which the surface layer 5 is omitted due to its durability and the surface reinforcing waterproof layer 11 is directly the uppermost surface.
For example, sunlight resistance such as ultraviolet resistance can be enhanced by mixing an acrylic or two-component polyurethane resin or the like. As an example of the material of the surface reinforcing waterproof layer 11, for example, a material mixed with a product name “Saraseine T” (registered trademark) manufactured by Asahi Glass Polyurethane Building Materials Co., Ltd. (registered trademark) is used.

In addition, the fireproof and fireproof properties of the surface-reinforced waterproof layer 11 are imparted by mixing silica sand having a particle diameter of 0.2 to 0.3 mm (mm) φ, usually called No. 7 silica sand. I can do it.
In addition, in order to improve the combustion resistance and smoke resistance, the main component of a phenolic resin or a phenolic resin mainly composed of a novolac thermoplastic resin instead of the main component of a polyurethane resin or a polyurea resin, or those It is also possible to use a mixture of
The surface layer 5 can be omitted due to these durability performances, and the surface-reinforced waterproof layer 11 can be directly used as the uppermost surface.
In this embodiment, since the process and material of the surface layer 5 can be reduced, there are the effects of cost reduction by reducing the amount of resin material used in the surface layer 5 and the efficiency by significantly reducing the construction time.

This Example 6 is a construction structure of steel structures such as steel frames, steel towers, bridges, tanks, etc.
FIG. 16 shows a detailed cross-sectional view of this example.
A heat insulating foam layer 23 made of a resin foam material such as a polyurethane resin, a phenol resin, or a mixture thereof on a base surface 22 obtained by removing the surface removal layer 21 with kelen with respect to the base 20 of the steel structure. Provided by spraying, etc.
A reinforced waterproof layer 24 made of high-strength resin such as polyurethane resin, phenol resin, polyurea resin, or a mixture thereof having quick drying properties and extensibility is provided on the surface of the heat insulating foam layer 23 by spraying or the like. .

In addition, in order to improve the combustion resistance and smoke resistance, the main component of a phenolic resin or a phenolic resin mainly composed of a novolac thermoplastic resin instead of the main component of a polyurethane resin or a polyurea resin, or those It is also possible to use a mixture of
The surface of the reinforced waterproof layer 24 is one or a plurality of surface layers 25 made of any one of sunlight resistance such as ultraviolet light resistance, fire resistance, jumping fire resistance, heat insulation, etc., or a combination thereof. A construction structure provided by coating or spraying.

The surface of steel structures such as steel frames, steel towers, bridges, tanks, etc. has been conventionally coated with rust-preventing paint, and a water-based or oil-based coating film is applied on it to prevent corrosion of steel structures. The aesthetic is also secured.
However, these coating films usually have a thickness of 0.1 mm to 5 mm, deteriorate due to long-term use, and have to be repainted at a frequency of about 5 to 10 years. Especially for large steel structures, a temporary construction, removal, and repainting of the scaffolds required considerable time and cost, and a long-life paint structure has been desired.
The present embodiment eliminates these weak points and provides a long-life construction structure and / or a steel structure construction method.

Referring to FIG. 16, the surface of the steel structure substrate 20 has a surface removal layer 21 such as an oxide film. Therefore, in order to remove the surface removal layer 21, an operation of removing the surface removal layer 21, usually called keren, is performed. On top of this, the heat insulating foam layer, the reinforced waterproof layer, the surface layer, etc. having the properties and functions described in Example 1 to Example 5 are applied. Detailed description of each property and function is omitted, and a description that should be noted in the present embodiment is added.
The heat insulating foam layer 23 composed of a resin foam such as a polyurethane resin, a phenol resin, a polyurea resin, or a mixture thereof has high adhesion to the base surface 22 of steel, so it can be used for a long time. In this case, even if it is peeled off, the reinforced waterproof layer 24 on the upper layer has strength, so that it can be integrated to prevent the substrate surface 22 from being exposed.
Therefore, it is possible to achieve an unexpectedly long life.

The heat insulating foam layer 23 has a density of 20 to 70 kg / m ³ , a compressive strength of ³ to 5 kgf / cm ² , exhibits strength in 10 to 60 seconds after spraying, and has a certain reinforcing effect. is doing.
Moreover, since heat conductivity is as very small as 0.015-0.025 W / mK, very high heat insulation can be exhibited.
The thickness of the heat insulating foam layer 3 is preferably about 0.5 mm to 100 mm.
This is because at 0.5 mm or less, the waterproofness is insufficient and the effect cannot be exhibited. Moreover, when it is 100 mm or more, the weight becomes heavy, and an excessive load is applied to the substrate 1, and the construction cost is increased.
More desirably, the thickness is 0.7 mm to 50 mm.

Moreover, since the heat insulation foam layer 41 has cushioning property, even if the flying object by a typhoon or a strong wind hits directly, it can absorb an impact and can prevent a failure | damage. The same applies to the reinforcing waterproof layer 42.
Moreover, since it is an instantaneous curing type, the construction time is short and the work can be performed efficiently.
In consideration of odor generation and the environment, it is possible to add no organic solvents such as toluene and xylene.

  In addition, as described above, by adopting the heat insulating foam layer 3 using the “carbon dioxide foaming agent” that is foamed by the carbon dioxide gas generated by the reaction of isocyanate and water, which is a non-fluorocarbon foaming agent, global environmental problems are reduced. It can be a construction structure and / or construction method that does not occur.

This Example 7 is a construction structure of a steel structure such as a steel frame, steel tower, bridge, tank,
FIG. 17 shows a detailed cross-sectional view of this example.
A primer layer 26 is formed on the substrate surface 22 of the steel structure by painting or spraying on the substrate surface 22 from which the surface removal layer 21 is removed with keren.
The surface of the primer layer 26 is sprayed with a reinforced waterproofing layer 24 made of a high strength resin such as a polyurethane resin having quick drying properties and ductility, a phenol resin, a polyurea resin, or a mixture thereof. Provide.
Polyurea resin has a high tensile strength and a low half-surface elongation.
For example, in a comparative test of tensile strength, the polyurethane resin system was 14 MPA, whereas the polyurea system was 24 MPa. In addition, the elongation rate was 350% for the polyurethane resin and 200% for the polyurea resin.

In addition, in order to improve the combustion resistance and smoke resistance, the main component of a phenolic resin or a phenolic resin mainly composed of a novolac thermoplastic resin instead of the main component of a polyurethane resin or a polyurea resin, or those It is also possible to use a mixture of
These selections can be selected according to the requirements of the construction site.
On the surface of the reinforced waterproof layer, one or a plurality of surface layers 25 of sunlight resistance such as ultraviolet light resistance, fire resistance, jumping fire resistance, heat insulation, etc., or a combination thereof are provided. The present invention provides a construction structure of a steel structure such as a steel frame, a steel tower, a bridge, and a tank and / or a method of installing the steel structure, characterized by being configured by coating or spraying.
In Example 7, adhesion to the substrate surface 22 is enhanced by the primer layer 26, and a reinforced waterproof layer 24 is provided on the upper layer by spraying, painting, or the like. By constructing one or a plurality of surface layers 25 by application or spraying, which can be achieved by any one of the above properties, or fire-fighting resistance, heat-shielding properties, etc., or a combination thereof, a longer life can be achieved with a simple structure. Provide structure.

This Example 8 is a construction structure of a steel structure such as a steel frame, steel tower, bridge, tank, etc.
FIG. 18 is a detailed cross-sectional view of this example.
A primer layer 26 is formed on the substrate surface 22 obtained by removing the surface removal layer 21 with keren on the substrate of the steel structure by painting or spraying, and the material of the reinforced waterproof layer 24 is formed on the surface of the primer layer 26. The surface layer is provided with a surface-reinforcing waterproof layer 27 in which a material imparting solar resistance such as ultraviolet resistance is mixed and / or a material such as quartz sand having fire resistance and fire resistance is mixed. Is provided, and the construction structure of steel structures such as steel frames, steel towers, bridges, tanks and / or the installation construction method of steel structures is provided, wherein the surface reinforcing waterproof layer 27 is the uppermost surface. It is.
By constructing in this way, the construction is completed with two layers of the primer layer 26 and the surface-reinforcing waterproofing layer 27, so that a great construction time and construction cost can be reduced.

This Example 9 is a construction structure of a steel structure such as a steel frame, a steel tower, a bridge, a tank or the like as described in Examples 6, 7, and 8,
FIG. 19 shows a detailed cross-sectional schematic diagram of this example.
The material of the heat insulating foam layer 23 and / or the reinforced waterproof layer 24 and / or the material of the surface reinforced waterproof layer 27 is glass fiber, carbon fiber, metal fiber such as short stainless steel or titanium. The construction structure of steel structures such as steel frames, steel towers, bridges, and tanks and / or the installation construction method of steel structures characterized by being made into fiber reinforced resin (FRP) by mixing reinforcing fibers 28 such as Is to provide.
By comprising in this way, the further long life can be achieved, and a great construction time and construction cost can be reduced.

  The tenth embodiment prevents damage to the floor, foundation, and ground around the equipment in fields where it is necessary to prevent dangerous material leakage accidents such as substations, power plants, nuclear power plants, chemical factories, and pharmaceutical factories. It provides an epoch-making construction structure and construction method that exhibits extremely high safety. As an example of the description, the transformer 30 such as a substation, a power plant, and a nuclear power plant will be described in detail. However, this includes that it can be applied to other than transformers in fields where it is necessary to prevent accidents involving hazardous materials.

FIG. 26 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing the overall arrangement of a conventional transformer. A transformer oil 31 is sealed inside the transformer 30 to ensure insulation performance.
An oil-proof pit 33 is provided around the base 32 of the transformer 30, and an oil-proof dam 34 is installed on the outer periphery thereof, so that the transformer oil 31 and contaminated water do not leak to the external ground 35. It is configured as follows. A wiring rod is also installed in the oil-proof pit 33, but a similar installation structure can be provided on the surface of the wiring rod, but is not shown in order to avoid complication.
Ballast stones 36 are usually placed inside the oil-proof pit 33.
A concrete plate 37 or the like is placed on the bottom surface of the oil-proof pit 33, and the joints between the foundation 32 and the oil-proof embankment 34 are closed with a sealing material. In such a configuration, since the inside of the oil pit 33 and the inner surface of the oil levee 34 cannot be directly visually confirmed, it is necessary to periodically discharge the ballast stone 36 and check the damaged portion.
However, when a strong earthquake occurs, the transformer 30 falls and breaks, the transformer oil 31 sealed inside leaks, and cracks 38 are formed on the bottom surface of the oil pit 33 and the inner surface of the oil breakwater 34. When this occurred, an accident occurred in which the transformer oil 31 leaked from the crack 38, but no appropriate measures have been created to prevent it.

  Transformer oil contains PCBs that adversely affect the human body. If it leaks into the ground and infiltrates into groundwater, it will cause a major irreversible accident that will cause health problems for neighboring residents. It becomes.

Normally, ballast stones 36 are placed in the grooves of oil pits and oil breakwaters, so that defects such as cracks 38 cannot be visually observed, so leaks can be immediately detected and dealt with. There wasn't.
The present invention eliminates these drawbacks and provides an innovative protection structure protection method that can withstand disasters such as large earthquakes and typhoons.

FIG. 20 is a schematic cross-sectional view illustrating the overall arrangement of the transformer of the tenth embodiment. FIG. 21 shows a partially enlarged sectional view of FIG.
The overall schematic process and structure of this example will be described.
A heat insulating foam layer 41 made of a resin foam material such as polyurethane resin, phenol resin, or a mixture thereof is blown onto the pit inner surface 39 constituted by the oil pit 33 and the oil breakwater 34. wear.

Next, a reinforced waterproof layer 42 made of a high-strength resin such as a polyurethane-based resin, a phenol-based resin, a polyurea-based resin, or a mixture thereof having quick drying properties and ductility is sprayed on the surface of the heat-insulating foam layer 41. .
Next, one or more surface layers 43 having non-flammability, fire resistance, and corrosion resistance not corroded by transformer oil or the like are applied or sprayed onto the surface of the reinforced waterproof layer 42.

Next, details of each process and structure will be described.
The heat-insulating foam layer 41 is a material composed of a foamed resin material such as polyurethane resin, phenol resin, or a mixture thereof. Usually, the main component is polyol, polypropylene glycol (PPG) as a main component. The resin to be used is used.
Alternatively, a main component of a phenolic resin or a phenolic resin mainly composed of a novolac thermoplastic resin or a mixture thereof is used as a main agent.
The cross-linking agent such as isocyanate is mixed with the main agent at a mixing ratio of about 1: 1, foamed, added with fillers, additives, etc., and sprayed by a special optimum nozzle sprayer. To do.
In particular, when a main component of a phenolic resin is used, combustion resistance and smoke resistance can be improved.
In particular, as a further advantage of the present invention, water is normally permeated into the ground 35, and the water evaporates in the direction of the ground as water vapor. Therefore, even if sprayed on the surface of the ground 35, it has an excellent characteristic that it does not cause a problem such as a swelling phenomenon.

The heat insulating foam layer 41 has a density of 20 to 70 kg / m ³ , a compressive strength of ³ to 5 kgf / cm ² , exhibits strength in 10 to 60 seconds after spraying, and has a certain reinforcing effect. is doing.
Moreover, since heat conductivity is as very small as 0.015-0.025 W / mK, very high heat insulation can be exhibited.
The thickness of the heat insulating foam layer 41 is desirably about a minimum of 2.0 mm to a maximum of 300 mm.
This is because at 2.0 mm or less, waterproofness and heat insulation performance are insufficient and the effect cannot be exhibited. On the other hand, if the thickness is 300 mm or more, the weight increases and the construction cost increases.
More desirably, it is 10 mm to 200 mm.

As described above, since the thickness is sufficiently large, it has an advantage that it has waterproofness, air permeability such as water vapor, and high heat insulating properties.
In addition, since the inner surface 39 of the pit can be seamlessly coated by spraying, it is not necessary to perform inner surface treatment such as sealing on the discontinuous portion of the inner surface 39 of the pit, so that the work can be efficiently performed in a short time. be able to. The same applies to the reinforcing waterproof layer 42.
Moreover, since it is spraying construction, since a film thickness can be adjusted freely, even if the crack 38 as shown, for example in FIGS. 20-23 exists, a discontinuous part can be covered seamlessly. The same applies to the reinforcing waterproof layer 42.

Moreover, since the heat insulation foam layer 41 has cushioning property, even if the flying object by a typhoon or a strong wind hits directly, it can absorb an impact and can prevent a failure | damage. The same applies to the reinforcing waterproof layer 42.
Moreover, since it is an instantaneous curing type, the construction time is short and the work can be performed efficiently.
In consideration of odor generation and the environment, it is possible to add no organic solvents such as toluene and xylene.

  In addition, as described above, by adopting the heat insulating foam layer 3 using the “carbon dioxide foaming agent” that is foamed by the carbon dioxide gas generated by the reaction of isocyanate and water, which is a non-fluorocarbon foaming agent, it does not cause global environmental problems. It can be set as a construction structure and / or a construction method.

Next, the reinforcing waterproof layer 42 will be described. This layer is a layer that effectively exhibits the features of the present invention.
The material is a material made of a foamed resin material such as polyurethane resin, phenol resin, or a mixture thereof.
Usually, a resin mainly composed of polyol and polypropylene glycol (PPG) is used as a main agent.
Alternatively, a main component of a phenolic resin or a phenolic resin mainly composed of a novolac thermoplastic resin, or a mixture thereof may be used as the main agent.
The cross-linking agent such as isocyanate is mixed with the main agent at a mixing ratio of about 1: 1, foamed, added with fillers, additives, etc., and sprayed by a special optimum nozzle sprayer. To do.
In particular, when a main component of a phenolic resin is used, combustion resistance and smoke resistance can be improved.

Or the above-mentioned reinforced waterproofing layer 42 can use a polyurethane-type resin, a phenol-type resin, a polyurea-type resin, or mixtures thereof.
The polyurea resin has a high tensile strength and a low half-surface elongation.
For example, in a comparative test of tensile strength, the polyurethane resin system was 14 MPA, while the polyurea system was 24 MPa. In addition, the elongation rate was 350% for the polyurethane resin and 200% for the polyurea resin.
The heat insulating foam layer 41 is a material made of a resin foam such as polyurethane resin, phenol resin, or a mixture thereof.
Usually, a resin mainly composed of polyol and polypropylene glycol (PPG) is used as a main agent.
Alternatively, a main component of a phenolic resin or a phenolic resin mainly composed of a novolac thermoplastic resin or a mixture thereof is used as a main agent.
The cross-linking agent such as isocyanate is mixed with the main agent at a mixing ratio of about 1: 1, foamed, added with fillers, additives, etc., and sprayed by a special optimum nozzle sprayer. To do.
In particular, when a main component of a phenolic resin is used, combustion resistance and smoke resistance can be improved.
These selections can be selected according to the requirements of the construction site.

In FIG. 3, the result of the physical-property measurement according to JIS A-6021 "paint coating waterproofing agent for buildings" which is an example of the experimental data of the reinforced waterproof layer 42 of a polyurethane-type resin is shown.
In the tensile property at break shown in this data, the tensile strength is 2.3 N / mm ^{2, and the} waterproof waterproof layer 42 of the structure of the present invention has a significant strength of 18.0 N / mm ^2. Yes. The elongation at break is 480% against the standard value of 450% or more.
The tensile properties after the deterioration treatment are all conforming to the standard value, indicating that the deterioration is difficult.
However, the reinforced waterproof layer 42 in the present invention includes the range of this data, and is not limited to this data.

Accordingly, the tensile strength of the reinforcing waterproof layer 42 of the present invention is directed to a minimum 1.0 N / mm ² ~ up 50.0N / mm ² or less of a high strength.
This is because the reinforcing effect is insufficient at 1.0 N / mm ² or less. Further, the reason why the maximum value is 50.0 N / mm ² is that, in terms of strength, no more is required for the load of the operator, and the cost is increased.
Moreover, the reinforced waterproof layer 42 in the present invention can exhibit high waterproofness as well as high strength by spraying at a minimum thickness of 0.5 mm to 20 mm.

The reinforced waterproof layer 42 is a material that is quick-drying, has high strength, and is extensible. Therefore, the worker can get on it for 2.0 to 15 seconds after spraying, and it is possible to prevent the stepping breakage, which is an extremely efficient and highly safe construction method.
The reinforced waterproof layer 42 has extensibility, and the elongation at break is 480% as shown in FIG. In addition, even if the crack 38 is generated, the reinforced waterproof layer 42 can follow without being damaged.
However, the reinforced waterproof layer 42 in the present invention includes the range of this data, and is not limited to this data.
Therefore, the elongation rate of the reinforced waterproof layer 42 in the present invention can exhibit a minimum 400% to a maximum 800% elongation.
This exhibits a great feature of reinforcing the strength of the heat insulating foam layer 41.

Moreover, since the thermal conductivity is as small as 0.015 to 0.025 W / mK, extremely high heat insulation can be exhibited. Further, the high heat insulating property can prevent the occurrence of cracks 38 due to freezing of the pit inner surface 39 in winter.
When the reinforced waterproof layer 42 is not provided, when the surface layer 43 deteriorates or changes over time due to long-term use and cracks occur, rainwater enters the fine openings of the heat insulating foam layer 31 from the cracks, freezes, etc. This causes cracks and alterations and destroys the heat-insulating foam layer 41, but this is achieved by preventing them by the reinforcing waterproof layer 42 on the surface layer side.
The thickness of the reinforced waterproof layer 42 is preferably about 0.5 mm to 20 mm.
This is because at 0.5 mm or less, the reinforcing strength, waterproofness and heat insulation performance are insufficient.
On the other hand, when the thickness is 20 mm or more, the strength is sufficient, and the spraying construction time is increased, the efficiency is hindered, and the construction cost is increased.
More desirably, the thickness is 1.0 mm to 10.0 mm.

Next, the surface of the reinforced waterproofing layer 42 is made of a material having solar resistance such as ultraviolet rays and / or a surface of one or more layers having corrosion resistance not corroded by nonflammability, fire resistance, transformer oil, etc. Layer 43 is applied or sprayed.
The surface layer 43 has a spark performance that counteracts a spark such as sparks. Therefore, it can be set as the structure which prevents generation | occurrence | production of a fire with respect to the roof of the building in Building Standard Act Article 22 area.
The surface layer 43 can be applied by a roller or a brush, an airless sprayer, or the like.

The thickness of the surface layer 43 is desirably about a minimum of 20 microns to a maximum of about 3.0 mm.
This is because, when the thickness is 20 microns or less, the sunlight resistance, nonflammability, fire resistance, spark resistance, or corrosion resistance becomes insufficient.
Moreover, when it becomes 3.0 mm or more, it is because construction time becomes excessive and construction cost becomes high.
More desirably, the thickness is 20 microns to 2 mm.
The construction method of the present invention, the heat insulating foam layer 41 of the construction structure, the reinforced waterproof layer 42, the surface layer 43 and the surface reinforced waterproof layer 46 have extremely high weather resistance and lose their elasticity even at a low temperature of -50 ° C. In addition, the elastic force can be maintained even at a high temperature of 110 ° C.

  Moreover, it is possible to seamlessly close the opening, and the same applies to the connecting portion, the corner processing portion, and the like in addition to the discontinuous portion of the pit inner surface 39.

  Next, as shown in FIGS. 20 and 21, waterproofing can be performed with the reinforcing waterproof layer 42 by covering the side surface of the heat insulating foam layer 41.

FIG. 22 is a partially enlarged cross-sectional view of the eleventh embodiment.
The overall schematic process and structure of the present embodiment will be described. The heat insulating pit 33 and the pit inner surface 39 constituted by the oil levee 34 are insulated by a resin foam material such as polyurethane resin. The foam layer 41 is sprayed.

  Next, a reinforced waterproof layer 42 made of a high-strength resin such as polyurethane resin or polyurea resin having quick drying properties and ductility is sprayed on the surface of the heat insulating foam layer 41.

  Next, when the ballast stone 36 is dropped and filled on the surface of the reinforced waterproof layer 42 with a dump truck or the like, the protective sheet has a cushioning property to withstand the impact, and has a nonflammability, a fire resistance, and a corrosion resistance. By providing the layer 44, the construction structure and construction method are further enhanced in impact resistance, incombustibility, fire resistance, and corrosion resistance that is not corroded by transformer oil or the like.

Next, details of each process and structure will be described.
The heat insulating foam layer 41 and the reinforced waterproof layer 42 have the same characteristics and performance as described above.

Next, the protective sheet layer 44 is laid on the surface of the reinforced waterproof layer 42. When the ballast stone 36 is dropped and filled with a dump truck or the like, the protective sheet layer 44 has a cushioning property to withstand the impact, and is nonflammable and fireproof. It is a sheet having corrosion resistance that is not corroded by transformer oil. Examples of the material include synthetic resin, rubber, ceramic sheets such as glass fiber, mats, waterproof cloths, and the like.
In addition, it has the ability to fight against fires such as sparks. Therefore, it can be set as the structure which prevents generation | occurrence | production of a fire with respect to the roof of the building in Building Standard Act Article 22 area.
Furthermore, deterioration from ultraviolet rays or the like can be prevented by incorporating a material having solar resistance such as ultraviolet rays.

The thickness of the protective sheet layer 44 is preferably about 0.2 mm to 20.0 mm.
This is because at 0.2 mm or less, the cushioning property, nonflammability, fire resistance, or fire resistance, or corrosion resistance is insufficient.
Moreover, when it becomes 20.0 mm or more, it is difficult to handle, the construction time becomes excessive, and the construction cost becomes high.
The construction method of the present invention, the heat insulating foam layer 41 of the construction structure, the reinforced waterproof layer 42, and the protective sheet layer 44 have extremely high weather resistance due to their structures, and without losing elasticity even at a low temperature of usually -50 ° C. The elastic force can be maintained even at a high temperature of 110 ° C.

    Moreover, it is possible to seamlessly close the opening, and the same applies to the connecting portion, the corner processing portion, and the like in addition to the discontinuous portion of the pit inner surface 39.

  Next, as shown in FIG. 22, by covering the end side surface of the heat insulating foam layer 41, waterproofing can be performed with the reinforcing waterproof layer 42.

FIG. 23 is a partial enlarged cross-sectional view of the twelfth embodiment.
The overall schematic process and structure of the present embodiment will be described. The pit inner surface 39 composed of the oil proof pit 33 and the oil levee 34 has a polyurethane resin, a phenol resin, or a mixture thereof. A heat insulating foam layer 41 made of a resin foam material is sprayed.

  Next, a reinforced waterproof layer 42 made of a high-strength resin such as a polyurethane-based resin, a phenol-based resin, a polyurea-based resin, or a mixture thereof having quick drying properties and ductility is sprayed on the surface of the heat-insulating foam layer 41. .

  Next, one or more surface layers 43 having non-flammability, fire resistance, and corrosion resistance not corroded by transformer oil or the like are applied or sprayed onto the surface of the reinforced waterproof layer 42.

  Next, when the ballast stone 36 is dropped and filled on the surface of the surface layer 43 by a dump truck or the like, the protective sheet layer 44 has a cushioning property to withstand the impact, and has a nonflammability, a fire resistance, and a corrosion resistance. Is a construction structure and construction method in which the corrosion resistance is further enhanced by impact resistance, non-flammability, fire resistance, and corrosion resistance by transformer oil.

  In this embodiment, a surface layer 43 is provided between the reinforced waterproof layer 42 and the protective sheet layer 44. With this configuration, the reinforced waterproof layer 42 and the heat insulating foam layer 41 are further protected. Safety can be improved.

FIG. 24 is a partial enlarged cross-sectional view of the present embodiment.
The overall schematic process and structure of this embodiment will be described. The pit inner surface 39 constituted by the oil proof pit 33 and the oil levee 34 is made of polyurethane resin, phenol resin, or a mixture thereof. The heat insulation foam layer 41 comprised with the resin foam material is sprayed.
Into the surface of the heat insulating foam layer 41, a material that imparts sunlight resistance such as UV resistance is mixed into the material of the reinforced waterproof layer 42 and / or a material such as silica sand that has fire resistance and flying resistance. By providing the surface reinforcing waterproof layer 46 mixed with the surface layer, the surface layer is omitted.
When the ballast stone 36 is dropped and filled with a dump truck or the like on the upper surface of the surface-reinforcing waterproof layer 46, a protective sheet layer 44 is provided that has a cushioning property that can withstand the impact, and that has nonflammability, fire resistance, and corrosion resistance. By this, the construction structure and / or construction method which further strengthened the corrosion resistance which is not corroded by impact resistance, nonflammability, fire resistance, transformer oil, etc. are provided.
By constructing in this way, the construction is completed by the construction of the three layers of the heat insulating foam layer 41, the surface reinforcing waterproof layer 46, and the protective sheet layer 44, so that a great construction time and construction cost can be reduced. Can do it.

In this embodiment, as shown in an enlarged schematic view in FIG. 25, the material of the heat insulating foam layer 41 and / or the reinforced waterproof layer 42 and / or the surface reinforced waterproof layer 46 is made of glass fiber or carbon. The present invention provides an installation structure and a construction method characterized in that a fiber reinforced resin (FRP) is formed by mixing fibers, or reinforcing fibers 45 such as short-sized stainless steel or metal fibers such as titanium. .
The material of the heat insulating foam layer 41 and / or the reinforced waterproof layer 42 may be a material such as a soft polyester resin or a vinyl ester resin that is generally used as a fiber reinforced resin (FRP).

Moreover, in Examples 1-14, the normal heat insulation foaming layers 3, 23, and 41 are materials comprised by resin foams, such as a polyurethane-type resin, Comprising: A polyol, polypropylene glycol (PPG) as a main ingredient Is used as a main component.
Alternatively, a main component of a phenolic resin or a phenolic resin mainly composed of a novolac thermoplastic resin or a mixture thereof is used as a main agent.
A cross-linking agent such as isocyanate is mixed and foamed at a mixing ratio of approximately 1: 1 with those main ingredients, and added with fillers, additives, etc., and sprayed with a dedicated, special nozzle sprayer. Install.
In particular, when a main component of a phenolic resin is used, combustion resistance and smoke resistance can be improved.
These selections can be selected according to the requirements of the construction site.

Here, the flammability applied to Examples 1 to 14 will be described in detail, and the reaction mechanism shown in FIG. 27 is described in detail.
Next, in the general physical property data shown in FIG. 28, the polyurethane heat-insulating foam layer does not correspond to the flammability class 2 defined in JIS A1321, and the phenol-based resin does not correspond to the lack of combustion resistance. The heat-insulating foam layer using the main agent can pass the second grade of combustibility. The thermal conductivity, compressive strength, adhesive strength, and water absorption are all the same value, and the characteristics can be exhibited in the same manner.

FIG. 29 is a diagram showing changes in the combustion rate, the specific light-reduction area indicating smoke generation, and the average heat generation rate.
The A line indicates the value of the polyurethane heat insulating foam layer, and the B line indicates the value of the phenol resin heat insulating foam layer.
It can be seen that the burning rate of the polyurethane resin of A is significantly higher than that of the phenolic resin of B. It can be seen that in the specific light reduction area, the A-based polyurethane resin is significantly more fuming than the B-phenol resin.
It can be seen that the average heat generation rate of the polyurethane resin of A is significantly higher than that of the phenol resin of B. In particular, in the case of a polyurethane resin, the flammability is high and the specimen is burned out after 33.5 seconds.

FIG. 30 shows a combustion state in a combustion test using a burner.
In FIG. 30, F-a is a state 5 seconds after the ignition of the phenolic resin thermal insulation foam layer, and Fb is a state 20 seconds after the phenolic resin thermal insulation foam layer is ignited. Is a state 40 seconds after the ignition of the heat-insulating foam layer of the phenolic resin.
Next, P-a is in a state 5 seconds after ignition of the heat-insulating foam layer of the polyurethane resin, P-b is in a state 20 seconds after ignition of the heat-insulating foam layer of the polyurethane resin, and F-c Is a state 40 seconds after the ignition of the heat-insulating foam layer of the polyurethane resin.
In the combustion test using this burner, the heat-insulating foamed layer of the phenolic resin did not generate a flame, whereas the heat-insulating foamed layer of the polyurethane-based resin ignited after 5 seconds indicated by Pa, and Pb It can be seen that after 20 seconds, the smoke increased further, and after 40 seconds Pc, a very large amount of smoke was generated.
Therefore, the heat-insulated foam layer of phenolic resin has high flame resistance and smoke resistance, so it has high fire prevention safety, greatly expands the scope of application, and provides an extremely practical construction structure and construction method. Can do.

As an application example of the present invention, as described above, for a building or a steel structure, a repair structure and a repair method having an extremely large number of features are provided to reduce costs and shorten construction time. As well as contributing to the revitalization of the industry by increasing new demand for new technology through longer life and longer lifespan, work accidents, asbestos environmental problems, energy saving measures to prevent global warming, and various problems This will bring about a significant effect to solve the problem.
In addition, it is possible to completely shut off the leakage of transformer oil, etc. at substations, power plants, and nuclear power plants. It can prevent the catastrophe caused.
The same applies to wastewater and waste containing radioactive materials at nuclear power plants.
The same applies to hazardous substances in chemical factories and pharmaceutical factories.
Therefore, it contributes to the environmental measures that the world's industries currently have and exhibits new economic effects.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Base 1a Opening part 1b End side surface 2 Beam 3, 23, 41 Thermal insulation foam layer 3b End side surface 4, 24, 42 Reinforcement waterproof layer 5, 25, 43 Surface layer 6, 26 Primer layer 7 Fixing tool 8 Bolt protection cap 9 Repair Material 10, 28, 45 Reinforcing Fiber 11, 27, 46 Surface Reinforced Waterproof Layer 20 Steel Structure Base 21 Surface Removal Layer 22 Base Surface 30 Transformer 31 Transformer Oil 32 Base 33 Oilproof Pit 34 Oilproof Levee 35 Ground 36 Ballast stone 37 Concrete plate 38 Crack 39 Pit inner surface 44 Protective sheet layer 50 Slate 51 Adjacent substrate 52 Stacking part 53 Opening part 54 Presser

Claims (25)

For non-metallic materials such as slate, concrete, tarpaulins, wood materials, or the base material of roofs or walls of metal buildings,
On the surface of the substrate, a thermal insulation foam layer composed of a resin foam using a main component of a polyurethane resin, a phenol resin, or a mixture thereof is provided by spraying or the like,
By spraying a reinforced waterproof layer made of high strength resin using a main component of polyurethane resin, phenol resin, polyurea resin, or a mixture thereof having quick-drying and extensibility on the surface of the heat insulating foam layer, etc. Provided,
One surface layer or a plurality of surface layers by applying any combination of solar resistance such as ultraviolet light resistance, fire resistance, jumping fire resistance, and heat insulation, or a combination thereof, to the surface of the reinforced waterproof layer, or Roof and / or wall construction structure characterized by being provided by spraying or the like. For non-metallic materials such as slate, concrete, tarpaulins, wood materials, or the base material of roofs or walls of metal buildings,
A primer layer is formed on the surface of the substrate by painting or spraying, and the surface of the primer layer is made of a polyurethane foam resin, a phenolic resin, or a resin foam using a main component of a mixture thereof. A heat insulating foam layer is provided by spraying or the like, and the surface of the heat insulating foam layer is reinforced with a high strength resin such as a polyurethane resin, a phenol resin, a polyurea resin, or a mixture thereof having quick drying properties and extensibility. A waterproof layer is provided by spraying, etc.
One surface layer or a plurality of surface layers by applying any combination of solar resistance such as ultraviolet light resistance, fire resistance, jumping fire resistance, and heat insulation, or a combination thereof, to the surface of the reinforced waterproof layer, or Roof and / or wall construction structure characterized by being provided by spraying. For non-metallic materials such as slate, concrete, tarpaulins, wood materials, or the base material of roofs or walls of metal buildings,
A primer layer is formed on the surface of the substrate by painting or spraying,
On the surface of the primer layer, a reinforced waterproof layer made of high-strength resin such as polyurethane resin having quick drying property and ductility, phenolic resin, polyurea resin, or a mixture thereof is provided by spraying or the like.
One surface layer or a plurality of surface layers by applying any combination of solar resistance such as ultraviolet light resistance, fire resistance, jumping fire resistance, and heat insulation, or a combination thereof, to the surface of the reinforced waterproof layer, or A construction structure of a roof and / or a wall, which is provided by spraying or the like and configured without providing a heat insulating foam layer. Non-metallic materials such as slate, concrete, tarpaulins, wooden materials, etc., or fixtures such as bolts for attaching the base material to the base material of the roof or wall of a metal building, and / or the end side surface of the base material And / or the end side surface and / or the discontinuous portion of the heat insulating foam layer is wrapped with the heat insulating foam layer and / or the reinforced waterproof layer to form a seamless structure, and / Or wall construction structure. Slip, concrete, tarpaulin, non-metallic material such as wood, or metal roof or wall base of the building and the adjacent part of the base material is pushed up with the presser, and the upper layer A construction structure of a roof and / or a wall, wherein a heat insulating foam layer and / or the reinforced waterproof layer is constructed. The construction structure of the roof and / or the wall according to claim 1, 2, 3, 4, or 5,
The heat insulating foam layer is provided by spraying or the like with a minimum thickness of 2.0 mm to a maximum thickness of 100 mm,
The reinforcing waterproof layer is tensile strength, minimum 1.0 N / mm ² ~ up 50.0N / mm ² or less of quick-drying and polyurethane resin having a Shin ductility, or phenolic resin, or Poriurea resin, or a mixture thereof Construction structure of roof and / or wall, characterized in that a reinforced waterproof layer made of high-strength resin or the like, or a surface reinforced waterproof layer is provided by spraying or the like with a minimum thickness of 0.5 mm to 10 mm . The construction structure of the roof and / or wall according to claim 1, or 2, or 3, or 4, or 5, or 6,
The heat insulating foam layer is a foamed resin material using a main component of an independent pore polyurethane resin, a phenol resin, or a mixture thereof, and / or a construction structure of a wall. .   The roof and / or wall construction structure according to claim 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, or 7, wherein the heat insulating foam layer is a non-fluorocarbon foaming agent. A roof and / or wall construction structure characterized by using a foaming agent. A construction structure of a roof and / or a wall according to claim 1, or 2, or 3, or 4, or 5, or 6, or 7, or 8.
A fiber reinforced type is obtained by mixing a reinforcing fiber such as glass fiber, carbon fiber, short stainless steel, or titanium metal fiber into the heat insulating foam layer and / or the material of the reinforced waterproof layer. A roof and / or wall structure characterized by being made of resin (FRP). A roof and / or wall structure according to claim 1, or 2, or 3, or 4, or 5, or 6, or 7, or 8, or 9.
By providing a surface-reinforcing waterproof layer provided with a material that imparts sunlight resistance such as UV resistance and / or a material that has fire resistance, flying resistance, or heat shielding property to the material of the waterproof waterproof layer. The structure of the roof and / or the wall, wherein the surface layer is omitted and the surface-reinforced waterproof layer is directly used as the uppermost surface. For non-metallic materials such as slate, concrete, tarpaulins, wood materials, or the base material of roofs or walls of metal buildings,
Construction of roof and / or wall characterized by using construction structure according to claim 1, or 2, or 3, or 4, or 5, or 6, or 7, or 8, or 9, or 10. Method. Surface construction structure of steel structures such as steel frames, steel towers, bridges, tanks, etc.
Heat insulation composed of a foam material made of resin using a main component such as polyurethane resin, phenolic resin, or a mixture thereof on the surface of the substrate obtained by removing the surface removal layer with kelen to the substrate of the steel structure A foam layer is provided by spraying, etc.
On the surface of the heat insulating foam layer, a polyurethane resin having quick drying properties and extensibility, or a phenolic resin, a polyurea resin, or a reinforced waterproof layer made of a high strength resin such as a mixture thereof is provided by spraying or the like.
One surface layer or a plurality of surface layers by applying any combination of solar resistance such as ultraviolet light resistance, fire resistance, jumping fire resistance, and heat insulation, or a combination thereof, to the surface of the reinforced waterproof layer, or Surface construction structure of steel structures such as steel frames, steel towers, bridges, tanks, etc., characterized by spraying. Surface construction structure of steel structures such as steel frames, steel towers, bridges, tanks, etc.
The heat insulation foam layer uses a carbon dioxide foaming agent which is a non-fluorocarbon foaming agent, and is a surface construction structure for steel structures such as steel frames, steel towers, bridges and tanks. Surface construction structure of steel structures such as steel frames, steel towers, bridges, tanks, etc.
For the substrate of the steel structure, a primer layer is formed on the substrate surface by removing the surface removal layer with keren, or by spraying,
On the surface of the primer layer, a reinforced waterproof layer made of high-strength resin such as polyurethane resin having quick drying property and ductility, phenolic resin, polyurea resin, or a mixture thereof is provided by spraying or the like.
One surface layer or a plurality of surface layers by applying any combination of solar resistance such as ultraviolet light resistance, fire resistance, jumping fire resistance, and heat insulation, or a combination thereof, to the surface of the reinforced waterproof layer, or Surface construction structure of steel structures such as steel frames, steel towers, bridges, tanks, etc., characterized by spraying. Surface construction structure of steel structures such as steel frames, steel towers, bridges, tanks, etc.
For the substrate of the steel structure, a primer layer is formed on the substrate surface by removing the surface removal layer with keren, or by spraying,
On the surface of the primer layer, the material of the reinforced waterproof layer such as a polyurethane resin having quick drying properties and ductility, a phenol resin, a polyurea resin, or a mixture thereof, is resistant to sunlight such as ultraviolet rays. By providing a surface-reinforcing waterproofing layer to which a material for imparting water and / or a material having fire resistance, spark resistance, or heat shielding property is provided, the surface layer is omitted, and the surface-reinforcing waterproofing layer is directly placed on the top surface. Surface construction structure of steel structures such as steel frames, steel towers, bridges, tanks, etc. A surface construction structure of a steel structure such as a steel frame, a steel tower, a bridge, or a tank according to claim 12, or 13, or 14, or 15,
The fiber of the heat insulating foam layer and / or the material of the reinforced waterproof layer and / or the material of the surface reinforced waterproof layer is a glass fiber, a carbon fiber, a metal fiber such as a short stainless steel, or titanium. A surface construction structure of a steel structure characterized in that a fiber reinforced resin (FRP) is obtained by mixing reinforcing fibers such as.   A steel structure such as a steel frame, a steel tower, a bridge, and a tank, wherein the construction structure according to claim 12, 13, 13, 14, 15, or 16 is used. . In fields that need to prevent leakage of hazardous materials such as substations, power plants, nuclear power plants, chemical factories, pharmaceutical factories, etc.
Constructed from resin foam using polyurethane resin, phenolic resin, or a mixture of them on the upper surface of the equipment installation location and surrounding floor, foundation, ground, or ground. Providing a heat insulating foam layer,
Provided on the surface of the heat-insulating foam layer is a reinforced waterproof layer made of a high-strength resin such as a polyurethane resin having quick drying properties and ductility, or a phenol resin, a polyurea resin, or a mixture thereof,
One or more layers of the surface of the reinforced waterproof layer, such as UV-resistant solar resistance, flame resistance, fire resistance, or fire resistance, or corrosion resistance against transformer oil, or a combination thereof Construction structure characterized by preventing leakage of dangerous materials in substations, power plants, nuclear power plants, chemical factories, pharmaceutical factories, etc. by applying or spraying the surface layer of the layer. In fields that need to prevent leakage of hazardous materials such as substations, power plants, nuclear power plants, chemical factories, pharmaceutical factories, etc.
Constructed from resin foam using polyurethane resin, phenolic resin, or a mixture of them on the upper surface of the equipment installation location and surrounding floor, foundation, ground, or ground. Providing a heat insulating foam layer,
Provided on the surface of the heat-insulating foam layer is a reinforced waterproof layer made of a high-strength resin such as a polyurethane resin having quick drying properties and ductility, or a phenol resin, a polyurea resin, or a mixture thereof,
By providing a protective sheet layer having impact resistance, cushioning properties, nonflammability, fire resistance, corrosion resistance against transformer oil, etc. on the upper surface of the reinforced waterproof layer, it is possible to install a substation, a power plant, a nuclear power plant, a chemical plant. Construction structure characterized by preventing leakage of dangerous materials in pharmaceutical factories, etc. In fields that need to prevent leakage of hazardous materials such as substations, power plants, nuclear power plants, chemical factories, pharmaceutical factories, etc.
Constructed from resin foam using polyurethane resin, phenolic resin, or a mixture of them on the upper surface of the equipment installation location and surrounding floor, foundation, ground, or ground. Providing a heat insulating foam layer,
On the surface of the heat-insulating foam layer, a reinforced waterproof layer made of a high-strength resin such as a polyurethane resin having quick drying properties and ductility, a phenol resin, a polyurea resin, or a mixture thereof is provided.
One or more layers of the surface of the reinforced waterproof layer, such as UV-resistant solar resistance, flame resistance, fire resistance, or fire resistance, or corrosion resistance against transformer oil, or a combination thereof The surface layer of the layer is provided by coating or spraying,
By providing a protective sheet layer having impact resistance, cushioning properties, nonflammability, fire resistance, and corrosion resistance on the upper surface of the surface layer, such as substations, power plants, nuclear power plants, chemical factories, pharmaceutical factories, etc. Construction structure characterized by preventing leakage of dangerous goods.   The construction structure according to claim 18, 19, or 20, wherein the material of the reinforced waterproof layer is a material that imparts sunlight resistance such as ultraviolet resistance, and / or fire resistance, fire resistance, or By providing a surface-reinforced waterproof layer with a material that has heat-shielding properties, etc., the surface layer is omitted, and the surface-reinforced water-resistant layer is directly placed on the top surface, so that substations, power plants, nuclear power plants, chemical plants Construction structure characterized by preventing leakage of dangerous materials in pharmaceutical factories, etc. The construction structure according to claim 18, 19, 20, or 21,
The heat-insulating foam layer, the minimum thickness of 2.0mm or more and a maximum thickness 300mm or less in spray, and / or the reinforcing waterproof layer is tensile strength, minimum 1.0 N / mm ² to a maximum of 50.0N / mm ² or less of A minimum thickness of 0.5 mm or more of a reinforced waterproof layer or a surface reinforced waterproof layer made of a high-strength resin such as a polyurethane-based resin, a phenol-based resin, a polyurea-based resin, or a mixture thereof having quick drying properties and ductility Construction structure characterized by preventing leakage of dangerous materials in substations, power plants, nuclear power plants, chemical factories, pharmaceutical factories, etc. by spraying at a maximum of 20 mm or less. The construction structure according to claim 18, 19, 20, 21, or 22,
The heat insulating foam layer is a construction characterized in that it uses a carbon dioxide foaming agent, which is a non-fluorocarbon foaming agent, to prevent leakage of hazardous materials in substations, power plants, nuclear power plants, chemical factories, pharmaceutical factories, etc. Construction. The construction structure according to claim 18, or 19, or 20, or 21, or 22, or 23,
The fiber of the heat insulating foam layer and / or the material of the reinforced waterproof layer and / or the material of the surface reinforced waterproof layer is a glass fiber, a carbon fiber, a metal fiber such as a short stainless steel, or titanium. By using fiber reinforced resin (FRP) by mixing reinforcing fibers such as, etc., it is possible to prevent leakage of dangerous materials at substations, power plants, nuclear power plants, chemical factories, pharmaceutical factories, etc. Construction structure. In fields that need to prevent leakage of hazardous materials such as substations, power plants, nuclear power plants, chemical factories, pharmaceutical factories, etc.
A substation, a power plant, a nuclear power plant, a chemical plant, a pharmaceutical plant, etc. characterized by using the construction structure according to claim 18, or 19, or 20, or 21, or 22, or 23 or 24 Construction method to prevent leakage of dangerous goods.

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