JP2008164982A - Liquid crystal display element - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a VA type liquid crystal display element wherein arrangement of a liquid crystal can be made more uniform by reducing alignment disorder upon application of voltage and luminance in a pixel can be enhanced. <P>SOLUTION: Each of F electrodes 121 has 196 μm width (line width). The distance (interline) between an edge part p in a longitudinal direction of each F electrode 121 (an electrode P) and an edge part q in the longitudinal direction of an adjacent F electrode 121 (an electrode Q) and nearer to the electrode P is 4 μm or shorter. Each of R electrodes 141 has 196 μm line width. The distance (interline) between an edge part s in a longitudinal direction of each R electrode 141 (an electrode S) and an edge part t in the longitudinal direction of adjacent R electrode 141 (an electrode T) and nearer to the electrode S is 4 μm or shorter. When the interline distance is 4 μm, an arrangement direction of the liquid crystal when voltage is applied is nearly uniform. As a result, transmittance in the pixel is made high. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2008,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a liquid crystal display element in which the initial alignment of liquid crystal is vertical alignment, and more particularly to a liquid crystal display element that can reduce alignment disorder.

  As a liquid crystal display element, a liquid crystal display element (VA) in which the alignment (initial alignment) of liquid crystals (liquid crystal molecules) in the liquid crystal layer when no voltage is applied is substantially vertical to the substrate surface (VA: Vertical Alignment). Type liquid crystal display element). In the VA liquid crystal display element, a liquid crystal having negative dielectric anisotropy is used. Then, by applying a voltage to the liquid crystal layer, the liquid crystal is brought into a lying state (a state in which the liquid crystal layer is almost horizontal with respect to the substrate surface) (see, for example, Patent Document 1). The VA type liquid crystal display element has higher responsiveness and can realize a high contrast display compared with a TN (Twisted Nematic) type liquid crystal display element or an STN (Super Twisted Nematic) type liquid crystal display element (for example, patents). Reference 2).

When the alignment of the liquid crystal when no voltage is applied is completely perpendicular to the substrate, the direction in which the liquid crystal tilts when the voltage is applied cannot be defined. As a result, the alignment of the liquid crystal is not uniform and the display quality is lowered. Therefore, it is necessary to define the direction in which the liquid crystal tilts by applying a pretilt by some method or by devising the electrode shape. As a method of pretilting or devising the shape of the electrode to define the direction in which the liquid crystal is tilted, an oblique electric field method in which the electric field direction by the applied voltage is oblique to the substrate surface, a rib method in which a rib structure is provided on the electrode, etc. There is an oblique deposition method in which silicon (SiO ₂ ) is obliquely deposited on a substrate. In addition, the alignment direction of the liquid crystal can be defined by performing a rubbing treatment on the alignment film made of vertical alignment.

JP 2003-207782 A (paragraphs 0002-0004) JP 2006-11362 A (paragraph 0014)

  FIG. 11A is an exploded perspective view illustrating a configuration example of a general VA liquid crystal display element. The liquid crystal display element 1 is formed between two substrates (not shown) such as glass, and is viewed from the front side (front side) to the front side (F) polarizing plate 11, an F electrode portion 12 composed of a large number of electrodes, and a liquid crystal layer 13. The rear (R) electrode portion 14 and the R polarizing plate 15 made of a large number of electrodes are laminated.

  FIG. 11B is a plan view when only the F electrode portion 12 and the R electrode portion 14 are viewed from the front side. As shown in FIG. 11B, the plurality of F electrodes 121 in the F electrode section 12 and the plurality of R electrodes 141 in the R electrode section 14 are arranged to intersect each other. In the example shown in FIG. 11B, the F electrode 121 extends in the horizontal direction, and the R electrode 141 extends in the vertical direction. The liquid crystal display element 1 is a passive liquid crystal display element that does not have an active element such as a TFT (Thin Film Transistor).

  FIG. 12 is a plan view showing one pixel formed in a region where the F electrode 121 and the R electrode portion 14 intersect in the liquid crystal layer 13. Hereinafter, the direction orthogonal to the plane of the substrate is the Z direction, the direction in which the F electrode 121 extends, that is, the longitudinal direction of the F electrode 121 is the X direction, and the direction in which the R electrode 141 extends, that is, the longitudinal direction of the R electrode 141 is the Y direction. . FIG. 12 shows that the liquid crystal in the liquid crystal layer 13 is vertically aligned when no voltage is applied. Since the F polarizing plate 11 and the R polarizing plate 15 are arranged so that the absorption axes of the respective polarizing plates are orthogonal to each other, black display is visually recognized in the state shown in FIG.

  When a voltage is applied to the liquid crystal layer 13, the liquid crystal is tilted, and the transmittance increases due to the birefringence of the liquid crystal. An oblique electric field is generated in the liquid crystal layer 13 so as to make the alignment of the liquid crystal uniform when a voltage is applied to the liquid crystal layer 13, but as described in the above-mentioned Patent Document 1 (paragraph 0004 of Patent Document 1). -0005), it is known that a uniform arrangement as a whole can be obtained by an oblique electric field, but locally non-uniform alignment (alignment disorder) occurs. The transmittance is lowered at the portion where the alignment is disturbed.

  FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram of a pixel for explaining alignment disturbance at the time of voltage application. FIG. 13A shows an example of the alignment direction of the liquid crystal in one pixel on a plane parallel to the substrate surface at the center in the Z direction of the liquid crystal layer 13. In FIG. 13, the direction of the white arrow indicates the alignment direction of the liquid crystal. FIG. 13B shows an example of the alignment direction of the liquid crystal in the cross section of one pixel in the Y direction. The right side in FIG. 13B corresponds to the upper side in FIG. FIG. 13C shows an example of the alignment direction of the liquid crystals in the cross section of one pixel in the X direction. Hereinafter, what is shown in FIG. 13A is called a Z cross section, what is shown in FIG. 13B is a Y cross section, and what is shown in FIG. 13C is an X cross section.

  In the Z cross section, alignment disorder occurs on the upper side, the lower side, and the right side in FIG. 13A (see FIG. 13D). In particular, in the central portion of the liquid crystal layer 13 in the Z direction, the liquid crystal alignment direction is inclined in the direction of the R electrode portion 14 due to the influence of the oblique electric field of the R electrode 141 in the upper and lower portions of the pixel. The alignment is disturbed and approaches the absorption axis of the polarizing plate or the direction perpendicular thereto, and thus the transmittance decreases. In FIG. 13, a broken line indicates a relative transmittance in the pixel of the liquid crystal display element 1 when a voltage is applied, with respect to a transmittance when no voltage is applied.

  In the right part of the pixel, the alignment direction of the liquid crystal is affected by the oblique electric field of the F electrode 121, causing an alignment disorder in which the liquid crystal tends to tilt in a direction opposite to the direction in which the liquid crystal should originally tilt, and the transmittance decreases. To do. In this specification, a region where the liquid crystal is inclined in the reverse direction is referred to as a domain. In addition, the region in which the alignment is disturbed includes a domain (in this example, the right portion) and a region (in this example, an upper portion and a lower portion) in which the degree of inclination is different from the surroundings.

  As described above, the VA liquid crystal display element has a problem that the alignment is locally disturbed by the oblique electric field, and the transmittance is lowered in the region where the alignment is disturbed, so that the contrast is lowered.

  Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide a VA-type liquid crystal display element capable of reducing alignment disorder when a voltage is applied, making liquid crystal alignment more uniform, and improving the brightness in a pixel. .

  The liquid crystal display device according to the present invention includes a plurality of first electrodes (for example, F electrodes) arranged in the horizontal direction in the display region and a plurality of first electrodes arranged in the vertical direction in the display region so as to intersect the first electrode. Two electrodes (for example, an R electrode) and a liquid crystal layer provided between the first electrode and the second electrode and having a vertical alignment when no voltage is applied, The distance between the edge along the longitudinal direction of one electrode and the edge along the longitudinal direction of the first electrode adjacent to the electrode and close to the electrode is locally affected by an oblique electric field during voltage application. In particular, the distance between the second electrodes in the plurality of second electrodes and the edge along the longitudinal direction of the second electrode adjacent to the second electrode is set to 1 to 5 μm as a distance that does not cause liquid crystal alignment disorder. And the distance between the edge near the electrode Characterized in that it is a 1~5μm as locally distance not to cause alignment disorder of the liquid crystal by the oblique electric field at the time of applying pressure.

  It is preferable that anti-parallel rubbing treatment is performed on the alignment film formed on the plurality of first electrodes and the alignment film formed on the plurality of second electrodes.

  According to the present invention, in the VA type liquid crystal display element, the alignment disorder caused by the oblique electric field can be reduced and the alignment of the liquid crystal can be made more uniform, and the brightness of the pixel is improved and the display quality is improved. be able to.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

  The overall configuration of the liquid crystal display element according to the present invention is the same as the configuration shown in FIG. That is, the liquid crystal display element 1 is formed between two substrates, such as glass, from the viewing side (front side) to the front side (F) polarizing plate 11, F electrode part 12, liquid crystal layer 13, and rear side (R) electrode part. 14 and the R polarizing plate 15 are laminated. In FIG. 11A, the substrate is not shown.

  FIG. 1 is a plan view when only the F electrode portion 12 and the R electrode portion 14 of the liquid crystal display element according to the present invention are viewed from the front side. In the display area (viewable area), as shown in FIG. 1, a plurality of strip-shaped F electrodes 121 extending in the lateral direction in the F electrode section 12 and a plurality of strip-shaped extending in the vertical direction in the R electrode section 14. The R electrode 141 is arranged to intersect. The liquid crystal display element 1 is a passive liquid crystal display element that does not have an active element such as a TFT, and is driven line-sequentially using, for example, the F electrode portion 12 as a signal electrode and the R electrode as a scanning electrode. When the liquid crystal display element 1 is applied to a transmissive liquid crystal display panel, for example, a backlight is installed on the back surface (rear side) of the R polarizing plate 15.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the width (line width) of the F electrode 121 is 196 μm. The edge p along the longitudinal direction of each F electrode 121 (referred to as electrode P) and the edge along the longitudinal direction of the adjacent F electrode 121 (referred to as electrode Q) on the side close to the electrode P The distance (between lines) between the edge q is 4 μm or less. The line width of the R electrode 141 is 196 μm. An edge s along the longitudinal direction of each R electrode 141 (referred to as an electrode S) and an edge along the longitudinal direction of an adjacent R electrode 141 (referred to as an electrode T) that are close to the electrode The distance (between lines) between the part t is 4 μm or less. FIG. 1 shows that the line width is 196 μm for each of the F electrode 121 and the R electrode 141, but the line widths of all the F electrodes 121 and the R electrodes 141 are 196 μm. . FIG. 1 shows that each of the F electrode 121 and the R electrode 141 has a distance of 4 μm or less between only one line, but all the lines have the same distance, 4 μm or less. As will be described later, the distance between the lines is preferably sufficiently smaller than the line width (or the distance between the lines + the line width), but the distance between the lines can be reduced to about 1 μm from the viewpoint of ease of manufacturing. it can.

  The reason why the distance between the lines is preferably 1 to 5 μm (more preferably 1 to 4 μm) will be described. In the following description, it is assumed that the line width of the F electrode 121 and the line width of the R electrode 141 are equal.

  FIG. 2 shows a case where the line width of the F electrode 121 and the R electrode 141 is 180 μm, the distance between the lines is 20 μm (see FIG. 2D), and a voltage (driving voltage) of 2.2 V is applied to the liquid crystal layer 13. It is a schematic diagram which shows the arrangement direction of the liquid crystal in one pixel. 2A shows a Z cross section of the liquid crystal layer 13, FIG. 2B shows a Y cross section, and FIG. 2C shows an X cross section. In FIG. 2, the broken line indicates the relative transmittance of the liquid crystal display element 1 when a voltage is applied to the transmittance when no voltage is applied. In addition, the physical property value etc. of the liquid crystal layer 13 are the same as the physical property value etc. in the Example mentioned later.

  As shown in FIG. 2, when the driving voltage is 2.2 V, the change in the orientation of the liquid crystal starts to occur at the end of the pixel, but the transmittance remains low.

  FIG. 3 shows a case where the line width of the F electrode 121 and the R electrode 141 is 180 μm, the distance between the lines is 20 μm (see FIG. 3D), and a voltage (drive voltage) of 2.5 V is applied to the liquid crystal layer 13. It is a schematic diagram which shows the arrangement direction of the liquid crystal in one pixel. 3A shows the Z cross section of the liquid crystal layer 13, FIG. 3B shows the Y cross section, and FIG. 3C shows the X cross section. In FIG. 3, the broken line indicates the relative transmittance of the liquid crystal display element 1 when a voltage is applied to the transmittance when no voltage is applied. In addition, the physical property value etc. of the liquid crystal layer 13 are the same as the physical property value etc. in the Example mentioned later.

  As shown in FIG. 3, in the right side portion of the pixel, an alignment disorder in which the liquid crystal tends to tilt in a direction opposite to the direction in which the liquid crystal should originally tilt starts to occur. In that portion, a domain is likely to occur, but the degree of alignment disorder in the upper and lower portions of the pixel is small.

  FIG. 4 shows a case where the line width of the F electrode 121 and the R electrode 141 is 180 μm, the line spacing is 20 μm (see FIG. 4D), and a voltage (drive voltage) of 3.0 V is applied to the liquid crystal layer 13. It is a schematic diagram which shows the arrangement direction of the liquid crystal in one pixel. 4A shows a Z cross section of the liquid crystal layer 13, FIG. 4B shows a Y cross section, and FIG. 4C shows an X cross section. In FIG. 4, the broken line indicates the relative transmittance of the liquid crystal display element 1 when a voltage is applied to the transmittance when no voltage is applied. In addition, the physical property value etc. of the liquid crystal layer 13 are the same as the physical property value etc. in the Example mentioned later.

  As shown in FIG. 4, a domain is generated in the right portion of the pixel. As a result, on the right side of FIG. In addition, alignment disorder occurs in the upper and lower portions of the pixel. As a result, there are portions where the transmittance is greatly reduced on both the left and right sides of FIG. Although the appearance shown in the schematic diagrams of FIGS. 2 to 4 is obtained by simulation, it can be seen that when the driving voltage is set to 3.0 V, the alignment disorder is remarkably generated. Thus, hereinafter, improvement measures for reducing the alignment disorder by setting the drive voltage to 3.0 V will be studied.

  2 to 4 are obtained when the rubbing direction of the alignment film is 0 ° (the same direction as the longitudinal direction of the F electrode 121), but the rubbing direction is 90 °. When it is set to °, the result as shown in FIG. 5 is obtained. That is, when the rubbing direction is 90 °, a domain is generated in the lower portion of the Z cross section. In FIG. 5, the broken line indicates the relative transmittance of the liquid crystal display element 1 when a voltage is applied to the transmittance when no voltage is applied. In addition, the physical property value etc. of the liquid crystal layer 13 are the same as the physical property value etc. in the Example mentioned later.

  FIG. 6 shows the case where the line width of the F electrode 121 and the R electrode 141 is 194 μm, the distance between the lines is 6 μm (see FIG. 6D), and a voltage (drive voltage) of 3.0 V is applied to the liquid crystal layer 13. It is a schematic diagram which shows the arrangement direction of the liquid crystal in one pixel. 6A shows a Z cross section of the liquid crystal layer 13, FIG. 6B shows a Y cross section, and FIG. 6C shows an X cross section. In FIG. 6, the broken line indicates the relative transmittance (change in transmittance) of the liquid crystal display element 1 when a voltage is applied with respect to the transmittance when no voltage is applied. In addition, the physical property value etc. of the liquid crystal layer 13 are the same as the physical property value etc. in the Example mentioned later.

  As shown in FIG. 6, a domain is generated in the right part of the pixel. However, the size of the area is small compared to the case shown in FIG. That is, the domain is slightly improved. In addition, the degree of alignment disturbance in the upper and lower portions of the pixel is reduced.

  FIG. 7 shows the case where the line width of the F electrode 121 and the R electrode 141 is 196 μm, the distance between the lines is 4 μm (see FIG. 7D), and a voltage (drive voltage) of 3.0 V is applied to the liquid crystal layer 13. It is a schematic diagram which shows the arrangement direction of the liquid crystal in one pixel. 7A shows the Z cross section of the liquid crystal layer 13, FIG. 7B shows the Y cross section, and FIG. 7C shows the X cross section. In FIG. 7, the broken line indicates the relative transmittance (change in transmittance) of the liquid crystal display element 1 when a voltage is applied, with respect to the transmittance when no voltage is applied. In addition, the physical property value etc. of the liquid crystal layer 13 are the same as the physical property value etc. in the Example mentioned later.

  When the distance between the lines is 4 μm, the alignment direction of the liquid crystals is almost uniform. Also, no domain has occurred. As a result, the degree of change in the transmittance within the pixel when a voltage is applied is smaller than that shown in FIG. Specifically, in the upper part, the lower part, and the right part of the pixel, the transmittance does not decrease much compared to the case shown in FIG. Therefore, if the line spacing is 4 μm, the brightness of the entire pixel is improved.

  In particular, as shown in FIG. 8, when the line spacing is 20 μm (line width + 10% between lines), the domain appears remarkably (FIG. 8A), but the line spacing is 4 μm (line width + In the case of 2% between lines), no domain occurs (FIG. 8B). In addition, since the alignment disorder is resolved as the distance between the lines is reduced (see FIGS. 4 to 7), when the distance between the lines is 4 μm or less (line width + 2% or less between the lines), Furthermore, the orientation direction is made uniform, and the brightness of the pixels is further improved. Note that it is important that the distance between the lines is 5 μm (preferably 4 μm) or less, and although it does not depend on the line width, the brightness is effectively improved when the line width is small.

Hereinafter, specific examples will be described.
The F electrode 121 is patterned on the glass substrate on the F side (viewing side, front side) so that the line width is 196 μm and the line spacing is 4 μm, and the glass width on the R side (anti-viewing side, rear side) is 196 μm, The R electrode 141 was patterned so that the distance was 4 μm. Next, a vertical alignment film is formed on the F side and the R side, and as shown in FIG. 9B, the F side alignment film and the R side alignment film are anti-parallel (anti-parallel) in one direction. ) A rubbing treatment was performed to set the pretilt angle to 89.6 ° and the retardation Δn · d to 538 nm as shown in FIG. The angle when the liquid crystal molecules are in a completely vertical state is 90 °. As the liquid crystal material, as shown in FIG. 10B, a material having a refractive index anisotropy (Δn) of 0.0896 and a dielectric anisotropy (Δε) of −5.6 was used. As shown in FIG. 10 (A), the cell gap was set to 6.0 μm.

As the polarizing plates 11 and 15, NPF-SEG1224DU manufactured by Nitto Denko Corporation was used. As shown in FIGS. 9A and 9C, the F polarizing plate (first polarizing plate) 11 absorbs from the reference axis when viewed from the viewing side with the alignment treatment direction of the F side alignment film as the reference axis. When the counterclockwise angle to the axis is θ ₁ , θ ₁ = 45 °, and the counterclockwise angle to the absorption axis of the R polarizing plate (second polarizing plate) 15 is θ ₂ . In this case, θ ₂ = 135 °. Although the absorption axes of the polarizing plates 11 and 15 are orthogonal to each other here, the polarization axes may be orthogonal to each other.

  When the liquid crystal display element 1 produced as described above was driven at a duty ratio of 1/32, good visibility was obtained.

  In addition, it is preferable that (DELTA) n * d of the liquid crystal layer 13 is 200-1000 nm. This is because when the voltage is smaller than 200 nm, the brightness when the on-state voltage is applied is lowered and the contrast is lowered, and when it is larger than 1000 nm, the color is colored when the on-voltage is applied and it becomes difficult to display black and white. The pretilt angle of the liquid crystal is preferably 85 to 89.8 °. When the angle is smaller than 85 °, the brightness is reduced when no voltage is applied or when the voltage is off (OFF) and the contrast is lowered. When the voltage is larger than 89.8 °, the direction in which the liquid crystal tilts when the voltage is applied is uniform. This is because the alignment is disturbed.

(Comparative example)
The F electrode 121 is patterned on the glass substrate on the F side (viewing side, front side) so that the line width is 190 μm and the line spacing is 10 μm, and the line width is 190 μm on the R side (anti-viewing side, rear side) glass substrate. The R electrode 141 was patterned so that the distance was 10 μm. Others were the same as in the case of the above embodiment, and were driven with a duty ratio of 1/32.

  Comparing the example and the comparative example, in the case of the example, the brightness of the pixel at the time of voltage application was improved, and the visibility was very good. The reason is that, as described above, the alignment of the liquid crystal becomes nearly uniform in the central portion of the liquid crystal layer 13 when a voltage is applied, and the decrease in transmittance due to the disorder of alignment is improved. In the case of the comparative example, since the line width is 190 μm and the line spacing is 10 μm, the aperture ratio [the line width of the F electrode 121 × the line width of the R electrode 141 / ((the line width of the F electrode 121 + the line width of the F electrode 121 ) × (line width of R electrode 141 + line spacing of R electrode 141)) × 100%] is 90.3%, and in the example, the line width is 196 μm and the line spacing is 4 μm, so the aperture ratio is 96. 0.0%. Accordingly, in the embodiment, since the aperture ratio is higher than that in the comparative example, the brightness is improved accordingly. However, since the alignment disturbance is reduced in the embodiment, in addition to the contribution of the improvement in the aperture ratio, an improvement in brightness due to the reduction of the alignment disturbance is obtained, and the brightness of the pixel is compared with the comparative example. Has improved.

  The present invention can be applied to improve display quality in a VA liquid crystal display element.

The top view at the time of seeing the F electrode part and R electrode part in the liquid crystal display element by this invention from the front side. The schematic diagram which shows the arrangement direction of a liquid crystal in case the line | wire width of an electrode is 180 micrometers, line | wire spacing is 20 micrometers, and a drive voltage is 2.2V. The schematic diagram which shows the arrangement direction of a liquid crystal in case the line | wire width of an electrode is 180 micrometers, line | wire spacing is 20 micrometers, and a drive voltage is 2.5V. The schematic diagram which shows the arrangement direction of a liquid crystal in case the line | wire width of an electrode is 180 micrometers, line | wire spacing is 20 micrometers, and a drive voltage is 3.0V. The schematic diagram which shows the arrangement direction of a liquid crystal in case the line | wire width of an electrode is 180 micrometers, line | wire spacing is 20 micrometers, and a drive voltage is 3.0V. The schematic diagram which shows the arrangement direction of a liquid crystal in case the line | wire width of an electrode is 194 micrometers, line | wire spacing is 6 micrometers, and a drive voltage is 3.0V. The schematic diagram which shows the arrangement direction of a liquid crystal in case the line | wire width of an electrode is 196 micrometers, line | wire spacing is 4 micrometers, and a drive voltage is 3.0V. FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram comparing the alignment direction of liquid crystal when the line width of electrodes is 180 μm and the line spacing is 20 μm with the alignment direction of liquid crystal when the line width of electrodes is 196 μm and the line spacing is 4 μm. Explanatory drawing which shows the absorption-axis direction of a polarizing plate, and the orientation process direction of an orientation film. Explanatory drawing which shows a panel specification and a liquid-crystal physical property value. (A) is an exploded perspective view showing a configuration example of a general VA liquid crystal display element, and (B) is a plan view when the F electrode portion and the R electrode portion are viewed from the front side. The top view which shows one pixel. The schematic diagram of the pixel for demonstrating the alignment disorder at the time of a voltage application.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Liquid crystal display element 11 F polarizing plate 12 F electrode part 13 Liquid crystal layer 14 R electrode part 15 R polarizing plate 121 F electrode 141 R electrode

Claims (2)

Between a plurality of first electrodes arranged in the horizontal direction in the display area, a plurality of second electrodes arranged in the vertical direction in the display area so as to intersect the first electrode, and between the first electrode and the second electrode In a liquid crystal display element provided with a liquid crystal layer in which the alignment of liquid crystal when no voltage is applied is a vertical alignment,
The distance between the edge part along the longitudinal direction of each 1st electrode in several 1st electrodes, and the edge part along the longitudinal direction of the 1st electrode adjacent to the electrode, and the edge part near the electrode Is 1 to 5 μm as a distance that does not cause disorder in the orientation of the liquid crystal locally due to an oblique electric field when a voltage is applied,
The distance between the edge part along the longitudinal direction of each 2nd electrode in several 2nd electrodes, and the edge part along the longitudinal direction of the 2nd electrode adjacent to the electrode, and the edge part near the electrode The liquid crystal display element is characterized in that the distance is 1 to 5 μm so as not to cause local disorder of liquid crystal alignment due to an oblique electric field when a voltage is applied. The liquid crystal display element according to claim 1, wherein an anti-parallel rubbing treatment is performed on the alignment film formed on the plurality of first electrodes and the alignment film formed on the plurality of second electrodes.

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