JP2008164402A - Timepiece dial and timepiece - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a timepiece dial superior in giving a three-dimensional sense and beautiful appearance, and to provide a timepiece provided with the timepiece dial. <P>SOLUTION: This timepiece dial 1 has a base plate and an index capable of transmitting light and is provided with periodic uneven parts 123 having 120-400 nm of pitch, to prevent reflection of light in at least one part of an outer surface side of the base plate, when top-viewed of the base plate. The height of the uneven part 123 is preferably 120-700 nm. The uneven part 123 is formed of a large number of microprotrusions 1231, and the microprotrusion 1231 is, preferably, substantially cone-shaped. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2008,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a timepiece dial and a timepiece.

A watch dial is generally required to be practical and decorative. Conventional timepiece dials have been improved in visibility and aesthetic appearance by providing a three-dimensional appearance to the timepiece dial by providing irregularities and steps on the substrate, and by increasing indices such as time letters and marks. (For example, see Patent Document 1)
However, in order to obtain a three-dimensional effect with a normal thickness of the timepiece dial, when a sufficiently high step is provided on the timepiece dial, a part of the substrate becomes too thin. . For this reason, the timepiece dial has a drawback in that it cannot obtain sufficient strength and is inferior in durability. Further, when the thickness of the timepiece dial is sufficiently increased, the timepiece dial has a disadvantage that the applicable timepiece is limited although it is excellent in stereoscopic effect.

  Indices such as time letters and marks on the timepiece dial are usually formed by typesetting or printing. However, when performing typesetting, there is a limit to the height of the index formed in production, and it has been difficult to achieve a height sufficient to obtain a three-dimensional effect. In addition, when the index is formed by printing, the index is generally flat, and there is a problem that it is difficult to form a three-dimensional index. In addition, since the three-dimensional effect cannot be obtained as an index, there is a problem that it is difficult to make the watch dial have a high-quality appearance and an excellent aesthetic appearance.

Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2003-247096

  An object of the present invention is to provide a timepiece dial having an excellent three-dimensional appearance and aesthetic appearance, and to provide a timepiece having a three-dimensional appearance and an aesthetic appearance having the timepiece dial.

Such an object is achieved by the present invention described below.
The timepiece dial of the present invention has a substrate capable of transmitting light and an index,
When the substrate is viewed in plan, periodic irregularities having a pitch of 120 to 400 nm are provided on at least a part of the main surface on the outer surface side of the substrate.
Thereby, the timepiece dial having excellent three-dimensional appearance and aesthetic appearance can be provided.

In the timepiece dial according to the aspect of the invention, it is preferable that the height of the unevenness is 120 to 700 nm.
Thereby, even when the incident angle of light incident on the substrate is large, reflection of light can be suitably prevented, and the antireflection portion can be made particularly difficult to visually recognize. Therefore, it is possible to provide a timepiece dial having particularly excellent three-dimensional appearance and aesthetic appearance.

In the timepiece dial of the present invention, it is preferable that the concave and convex portions have a large number of minute convex portions, and the convex portions are substantially conical.
Thereby, the change of the refractive index at the boundary between the substrate and the air layer can be made more gradual, and the reflection of light can be particularly effectively prevented. Therefore, it is possible to provide a timepiece dial having particularly excellent three-dimensional appearance and aesthetic appearance.

The timepiece dial according to the present invention preferably has, as the index, at least the peripheral portion provided with the unevenness when the substrate is viewed in plan.
Thereby, the three-dimensional effect of the indicator can be made particularly excellent, and a timepiece dial having particularly excellent three-dimensional effect and aesthetic appearance can be provided.

In the timepiece dial of the present invention, the thickness of the substrate is preferably 200 to 1000 μm.
As a result, it is possible to provide a timepiece dial having particularly excellent three-dimensional appearance and aesthetic appearance while having excellent durability.
In the timepiece dial of the present invention, it is preferable that the substrate is mainly composed of a plastic material.
Accordingly, it is possible to provide a timepiece dial having excellent three-dimensional appearance, aesthetic appearance, and durability, and excellent electromagnetic wave (light, radio wave) permeability.

In the timepiece dial of the present invention, it is preferable that a decorative layer or plate that absorbs or reflects at least a part of light is provided in the vicinity of the main surface opposite to the surface having the unevenness.
Thereby, the timepiece dial having particularly excellent three-dimensional appearance and aesthetic appearance can be provided.
In the timepiece dial of the present invention, it is preferable that the decorative layer is mainly composed of a metal material.
Thereby, glossiness can be made excellent, and a timepiece dial having particularly excellent three-dimensionality, luxury, and aesthetic appearance can be provided.
In the timepiece dial according to the aspect of the invention, it is preferable that the decorative layer is provided with openings having a predetermined pattern.
Thereby, it is possible to provide a timepiece dial having excellent aesthetic appearance and excellent electromagnetic wave (light, radio wave) permeability.

The timepiece dial of the present invention is preferably a solar timepiece dial.
A timepiece dial is required to have excellent electromagnetic wave permeability and an excellent aesthetic appearance in a solar timepiece or the like, but according to the present invention, these requirements can be satisfied at the same time.
The timepiece of the present invention uses the timepiece dial of the present invention.
Thereby, it is possible to provide a timepiece having a three-dimensional effect and an aesthetic appearance.

  ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, the timepiece dial excellent in three-dimensional appearance and aesthetic appearance can be provided, and the timepiece provided with the three-dimensional appearance and aesthetic appearance provided with the said timepiece dial can be provided.

DESCRIPTION OF EXEMPLARY EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
<First Embodiment>
First, a first embodiment of the dial (clock dial) of the present invention will be described.
FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a dial plate according to a first embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a schematic perspective view showing an example of the shape (pattern) of unevenness of the dial plate, and FIG. FIG. 4 is a schematic perspective view showing the dial plate of the first embodiment, FIG. 4 is a schematic plan view for explaining an example of the shape (pattern) of the opening included in the dial plate, and FIG. It is a typical top view for explaining other examples of the shape (pattern) of the opening which has. Note that the drawings referred to in this specification show part of the configuration in an emphasized manner, and do not accurately reflect actual dimensions and the like.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the dial plate 10 of the present embodiment includes a substrate 12, and the first surface 121 side (outer surface side) which is one main surface of the substrate 12 has an index 13 and an unevenness 123. The oxide layer 15 and the decoration layer 16 are provided on the second surface 122 which is the main surface opposite to the first surface. And the unevenness | corrugation 123 functions as an antireflection part which prevents reflection of the light which injects with respect to a board | substrate. The unevenness (antireflection portion) 123 has a fine pattern that satisfies a predetermined relationship. The decorative layer 16 has an opening 17 as will be described in detail later. The dial 10 has a hole (not shown), and the hole penetrates the central portion of the dial 10 substantially perpendicularly to the main surface of the dial 10.

[substrate]
The substrate 12 may be any material as long as it has optical transparency, but is preferably composed mainly of a plastic material. In general, a plastic material can be easily molded at the time of manufacture, and the substrate 12 having a desired shape can be manufactured with high accuracy. In particular, in the present invention, the antireflection portion 123 described later can be easily and accurately formed on the substrate 12. In addition, the plastic material is excellent in durability and excellent in electromagnetic wave (light, radio wave) permeability.

Examples of the plastic material constituting the substrate 12 include various thermoplastic resins and various thermosetting resins. For example, polyolefins such as polyethylene, polypropylene, ethylene-propylene copolymer, and ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA). , Cyclic polyolefin, modified polyolefin, polyvinyl chloride, polyvinylidene chloride, polystyrene, polyamide (e.g. nylon 6, nylon 46, nylon 66, nylon 610, nylon 612, nylon 11, nylon 12, nylon 6-12, nylon 6-) 66), polyimide, polyamideimide, polycarbonate (PC), poly- (4-methylpentene-1), ionomer, acrylic resin, polymethyl methacrylate, acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer (ABS resin) Acrylonitrile-styrene copolymer (AS resin), butadiene-styrene copolymer, polyoxymethylene, polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer (EVOH), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polybutylene terephthalate (PBT) ), Polyester such as polycyclohexane terephthalate (PCT), polyether, polyether ketone (PEK), polyether ether ketone (PEEK), polyetherimide, polyacetal (POM), polyphenylene oxide, modified polyphenylene oxide, polysulfone, polyether Sulphone, polyphenylene sulfide, polyarylate, aromatic polyester (liquid crystal polymer), polytetrafluoroethylene, polyvinylidene fluoride Other thermoplastic resins such as fluorine resins, styrene, polyolefin, polyvinyl chloride, polyurethane, polyester, polyamide, polybutadiene, trans polyisoprene, fluororubber, chlorinated polyethylene, etc. , Phenol resin, urea resin, melamine resin, unsaturated polyester, silicone resin, urethane resin, poly-para-xylylene, poly-monochloro-para-xylylene, poly Polyparaxylylene such as dichloroparaxylylene, poly-monofluoro-para-xylylene, and poly-monoethyl-para-xylylene Ren resin, etc., or copolymers, blends, polymer alloys mainly composed of these And the like, singly or in combination of two or more of these (e.g., a blend resin, polymer alloy, as a laminate or the like) can be used. The substrate 12 is preferably composed of a material containing at least one selected from polycarbonate (PC) and acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer (ABS resin) among the above materials. . Thereby, especially the intensity | strength as the dial 10 whole can be made excellent. In addition, when the dial plate 10 is manufactured, the degree of freedom in forming the substrate 12 is increased (easiness of forming is improved), so even a more complex-shaped dial plate 10 is easily and reliably manufactured. can do. Further, when the substrate 12 is made of a material containing at least one selected from polycarbonate (PC) and acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer (ABS resin), the substrate 12 and the decorative layer 16 are in close contact with each other. The properties (particularly the adhesion to the decoration layer 16 through the oxide layer 15) can be made particularly excellent. Polycarbonate is relatively inexpensive among various plastic materials, and can contribute to further reduction in the production cost of the dial 10. The ABS resin also has particularly excellent chemical resistance, and can further improve the durability of the dial 10 as a whole.
In addition, the board | substrate 12 may contain components other than a plastic material. Examples of such components include plasticizers, antioxidants, colorants (including various color formers, fluorescent substances, phosphorescent substances, etc.), brighteners, fillers, and the like.

  Moreover, it is preferable that the thickness of a board | substrate is 200-1000 micrometers, and it is more preferable that it is 300-800 micrometers. Thereby, while making the strength of the dial plate 10 excellent, the effects described later can be obtained particularly remarkably, and the dial plate 10 is particularly excellent in three-dimensional effect and aesthetic appearance. On the other hand, if the thickness of the substrate is less than the lower limit, the dial plate 10 may not have sufficient three-dimensional effect and strength depending on the material of the substrate 12. On the other hand, when the thickness of the substrate 12 exceeds the upper limit, the dial plate 10 can have a particularly excellent three-dimensional effect, but depending on the configuration of the dial plate 10, the aesthetic appearance is excellent. You may not be able to.

Further, the light transmittance of the substrate 12 is preferably 70% or more, and more preferably 80% or more. Thereby, the effects as described later can be obtained particularly remarkably, and the dial plate 10 is particularly excellent in three-dimensional effect and aesthetic appearance. That is, since the light transmission property of the substrate 12 is excellent, it is difficult to visually recognize the first surface 121 particularly in the portion where the antireflection portion 123 is provided on the substrate 12, and the second surface 122 is formed on the outer surface. Therefore, the index 13 and the like on the first surface 121 can be visually recognized particularly three-dimensionally.
In addition, the substrate 12 may have a substantially uniform composition at each site, or may have a different composition depending on the site.
The shape and size of the substrate 12 are not particularly limited, and are usually determined based on the shape and size of the dial plate 10.

Moreover, the board | substrate 12 may be shape | molded by what kind of method, As a shaping | molding method of the board | substrate 12, a compression molding, extrusion molding, injection molding, stereolithography etc. are mentioned, for example. Among these, it is preferable to form by injection molding. Thereby, the board | substrate 12 which has the reflection preventing part 123 can be manufactured easily and reliably by using the type | mold corresponding to the reflection preventing part 123 mentioned later at the time of shaping | molding. Further, by using such a method, it is possible to manufacture the substrate 12 having the antireflection portions 123 in large quantities at a low cost.
Moreover, surface processing such as mirror surface processing, streak processing, and satin processing may be performed on the surface of the substrate 12 where a later-described antireflection portion 123 is not provided. Thereby, it becomes possible to give a variation in the glossiness of the surface of the dial plate 10 to be obtained, and the decorativeness of the dial plate 10 to be obtained can be further improved.

[Antireflection part]
In the present invention, at least a part of the first surface 121 of the substrate 12 is provided with an unevenness (antireflection portion) 123 that prevents reflection of light.
As shown in FIG. 2, the unevenness (antireflection portion) 123 has a periodic pattern with a pitch of 120 to 400 nm. By having such fine and periodic unevenness 123, the dial 10 is a portion having such an antireflection portion (unevenness) 123, and can particularly suitably prevent reflection of light. Can be made excellent. More specifically, light reflection is generally considered to be caused by a sudden change in the refractive index of the light transmission medium. For this reason, light incident on the substrate 12 from the air layer is likely to be reflected at the boundary between the air layer and the substrate 12 whose refractive index changes greatly. However, the presence of the unevenness 123 makes it possible to make the refractive index change stepwise at the boundary between the substrate 12 and the air layer. Therefore, reflection of light incident on the substrate 12 can be suitably prevented in the antireflection portion 123, and a portion where the antireflection portion 123 is provided can be difficult to visually recognize.

  Such an antireflection portion 123 is less dependent on the wavelength of light and can effectively prevent reflection in a wide wavelength region. For this reason, it can prevent effectively that the light of a specific wavelength reflects in the reflection preventing part 123, and the reflection preventing part 123 is colored and visually recognized. Further, the antireflection portion 123 can suitably prevent light reflection even when the incident angle of light incident on the substrate 12 is large.

  On the other hand, the conventional antireflection film tends to depend on the wavelength of light, and is easily colored when light having a specific wavelength enters. In addition, when the incident angle of light incident on the antireflection film is large, such coloring becomes intense. For this reason, when the dial provided with the antireflection film is viewed, the antireflection film is colored and the three-dimensional effect and the aesthetic appearance are inferior. In particular, when the dial is viewed from an oblique direction, the above problem becomes remarkable.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 3, in the present embodiment, the antireflection portion 123 is provided on the entire surface of the first surface 121 of the substrate 12. Since the antireflection portion 123 can prevent reflection of light, the portion where the antireflection portion 123 is provided on the first surface 121 transmits light without reflecting, and is near the second surface 122 ( In particular, the surface of the decorative layer 16 is easily recognized as the outer surface of the dial 10. As a result, when the index 13 is provided on the first surface 121, the index 13 is easily recognized as being thicker than the thickness of the index 13 itself, and the stereoscopic effect is excellent. In addition, the indicator 13 can be visually recognized as floating. For this reason, the dial 10 is excellent in a three-dimensional feeling and a high-class feeling. That is, the dial plate 10 has an excellent three-dimensional effect and a high-class feeling by having a portion provided with the antireflection portion 123 and a portion provided with the index 13 on the first surface 121 on the substrate 12. And an excellent aesthetic appearance.

In the present embodiment, the decorative layer 16 as described later is provided on the second surface 122 of the substrate 12. By having such a decoration layer 16, the dial 10 can obtain the texture and color tone according to the decoration layer 16. Moreover, it is difficult to visually recognize the member disposed on the back side of the dial 10.
Further, by providing the antireflection portion 123, the light incident from the antireflection portion 123 can easily enter the substrate 12, and as a result, the color tone of the decorative layer 16 on the dial 10 can be made clearer. . In addition, since light easily enters the substrate 12 as described above, the light transmittance of the dial 10 can be improved. For this reason, the dial 10 can be used suitably for a solar timepiece.

  On the other hand, a method of obtaining a three-dimensional effect of the dial by providing an indicator having a large thickness is conceivable. However, when a thick index is provided by typesetting or printing, the following problems arise. When an index is provided by typesetting, it is difficult to manufacture a large-thickness typesetting with high accuracy, and it is usually impossible to make the index have an excellent aesthetic appearance as in the present invention. In addition, when such typesetting is used, the index becomes unstable with respect to external force such as impact, and the durability of the dial is inferior. In addition, when printing is performed to form an index with a large thickness, the index cannot be printed clearly and becomes blurred.

  Moreover, the pitch of the unevenness | corrugation 123 shown by Pn in FIG. 2 is 120-400 nm. If the pitch of the unevenness 123 is less than the lower limit value, it becomes difficult to manufacture the unevenness 123 with high accuracy. Moreover, reflection of light cannot be suitably prevented. On the other hand, when the pitch of the unevenness 123 exceeds the upper limit value, it becomes impossible to suitably prevent light reflection. Moreover, although the pitch of the unevenness | corrugation 123 should just be in the range mentioned above, it is preferable that it is 140-390 nm, and it is more preferable that it is 150-380 nm. Thereby, the effects as described above can be obtained more remarkably.

Moreover, although the height of the unevenness | corrugation 123 is not specifically limited, It is preferable that it is 120-700 nm, It is more preferable that it is 130-600 nm, It is further more preferable that it is 150-500 nm. Thereby, reflection of light can be prevented particularly preferably. Even when the incident angle of light incident on the dial 10 is particularly large, reflection of light can be suitably prevented, and the antireflection portion 123 can be made particularly difficult to visually recognize. For this reason, the three-dimensional effect and aesthetic appearance of the dial 10 are particularly excellent.
Moreover, the unevenness | corrugation 123 may be anything as long as the above-mentioned conditions are satisfied, but it is preferable that the unevenness 123 is formed by a large number of minute convex portions 1231. Thereby, the change of the refractive index at the boundary between the substrate 12 and the air layer can be made more gradual, and reflection of light can be particularly effectively prevented.

Although the shape of the convex part 1231 in the unevenness | corrugation 123 is not specifically limited, It is preferable that it is a substantially cone shape, and it is more preferable that it is a substantially cone shape. Thereby, the change of the refractive index at the boundary between the air layer and the substrate 12 in the antireflection portion 123 can be changed particularly gently, and the reflection of light in the antireflection portion 123 can be particularly effectively prevented. it can. Moreover, even if the incident angle of the light incident on the dial plate 10 is particularly large, the reflection of the light can be suitably prevented by the convex portion of the unevenness 123 having such a shape. The antireflection part 123 can be made particularly difficult to visually recognize. For this reason, the three-dimensional effect and aesthetic appearance of the dial 10 are particularly excellent.
Further, when light is incident perpendicular to the substrate 12, the reflectance of the visible light reflection preventing portion 123 is preferably 1.0% or less, and more preferably 0.8% or less. As a result, the portion provided with the antireflection portion 123 is particularly difficult to visually recognize, and the dial plate 10 is particularly excellent in stereoscopic effect.

  Such an antireflection portion 123 may be formed by any method. The antireflection portion 123 may be formed after the substrate 12 is formed, or may be formed simultaneously with the formation of the substrate 12. For example, when the substrate 12 is mainly composed of a plastic material, for example, by using a mold having a pattern corresponding to the unevenness 123, the substrate 12 is injection-molded, so that the antireflection portion is formed simultaneously with the molding of the substrate 12. Can be formed. The antireflection portion 123 can also be formed, for example, by pressing a mold having a pattern corresponding to the projections and depressions 123 at a temperature equal to or higher than the softening point of the material constituting the substrate 12 and pressing it against the molded substrate 12. it can.

The material constituting the mold corresponding to the unevenness 123 of the antireflection portion 123 is not particularly limited, and for example, a silicon material, a ceramic material, a metal material, a resin material, or the like can be used.
The mold having a pattern corresponding to the unevenness 123 is, for example, a method of etching an original plate made of the material as described above through a mask having a predetermined opening, a method of laser processing, It can be formed by a method of sputtering a metal material such as tungsten on the original.
Further, the unevenness 123 may be formed by performing direct etching, laser processing, or the like on the substrate 12.

[index]
On the outer surface side (first surface 121 side) of the substrate 12, indicators 13 such as time letters, marks, and scales are provided.
When the substrate 12 is viewed in plan, the dial plate 10 preferably has, as the index 13, one provided with an antireflection portion 123 at least near the periphery. When such an indicator 13 is visually observed, it is particularly easy to visually recognize in a three-dimensional manner, and the visibility of the indicator 13 on the dial 10 can be made particularly excellent. The dial 10 is particularly excellent in stereoscopic effect and aesthetic appearance. Further, such an index 13 is formed by means such as printing, for example, and even when the index 13 itself is low in thickness, the second surface 122 can be visually recognized, so that the index 13 is the index 13 itself. It becomes easy to be visually recognized as being thicker than the thickness, and it is easy to be visually recognized as if it is floating. For this reason, the dial plate 10 is excellent in the visibility of the index 13 and is particularly excellent in stereoscopic effect and aesthetic appearance. In the present embodiment, the antireflection portion 123 is provided on the entire surface of the substrate 12, and the antireflection portion 123 is provided in the vicinity of the peripheral portion of all the indicators 13 on the substrate 12.

  The index 13 may have any thickness, but is preferably 50 to 400 μm, and more preferably 90 to 300 μm. As a result, the index 13 is particularly excellent in stereoscopic effect, and the dial 10 is particularly excellent in stereoscopic effect and aesthetic appearance. In addition, even when an external force such as an impact is applied, the dial 10 is less likely to shift the index 13 and has excellent durability.

The index 13 may be anything, and for example, a coating film, printing, typesetting, a seal, or the like can be used. Alternatively, a part of the substrate 12 may be formed as a convex portion, and the convex portion may be colored by performing coating, film formation, or the like.
Further, a plurality of indicators 13 may be provided or may be provided alone. Further, the index 13 may be provided anywhere on the first surface 121 of the substrate 12, for example, may be provided in the antireflection portion 123.

[Oxide layer]
An oxide layer 15 is provided on the second surface 122 of the substrate 12. Thus, in this embodiment, the decoration layer 16 is not directly provided on the second surface 122 of the substrate 12 mainly composed of a plastic material, and the oxide layer 15 is provided between the substrate 12 and the decoration layer 16. Is intervening. As a result, the adhesion between the substrate 12 and the decoration layer 16 (adhesion through the oxide layer 15), in particular, the decoration layer 16 made of a metal formed by vapor-phase film formation as described later is used. Adhesion can be improved, and the decoration layer 16 can be effectively prevented from being lifted or peeled off (peeled). As a result, the dial 10 is excellent in durability.

The oxide layer 15 is mainly composed of a metal oxide.
As the metal oxide constituting the oxide layer 15, oxides of various metals can be used, preferably Fe, Cu, Zn, Ni, Mg, Cr, Mn, Mo, Nb, Al, V, Zr. , Sn, Au, Pd, Pt, Ag, Co, In, W, Ti, and Rh oxides (including complex oxides). When the oxide layer 15 is made of a material containing at least one selected from titanium oxide (including composite oxide) and chromium oxide (including composite oxide), the substrate 12 and the decorative layer 16 are provided. It is possible to make the adhesiveness to be more excellent. The oxide layer 15 is made of a transparent material (colorless metal oxide), and transmits light from the opening 17 to irradiate the solar cell (power generation unit). Examples of such a material include Ti, Zn, Mg, Mo, Nb, Zr, Sn, and In oxides. Note that the oxide layer 15, the components other than the metal oxide (eg, SiO ₂₎ may include a.

  Moreover, although the average thickness of the oxide layer 15 is not specifically limited, It is preferable that it is 0.005-1.0 micrometer, It is more preferable that it is 0.007-0.5 micrometer, 0.01-0. More preferably, it is 3 μm. When the average thickness of the oxide layer 15 is within the above range, the aesthetic appearance of the entire dial plate 10 can be made particularly excellent, and the internal stress of the oxide layer 15 is increased. Adhesion between the substrate 12 and the decorative layer 16 can be made particularly excellent while sufficiently preventing.

  The method for forming the oxide layer 15 is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include painting, wet plating, chemical vapor deposition (CVD), vapor deposition, and thermal spraying, but vapor deposition is preferred. By applying a vapor deposition method as a method of forming the oxide layer 15, the oxide layer 15 having a uniform film thickness, uniform, and particularly excellent adhesion to the substrate 12 is reliably formed. can do. As a result, the aesthetic appearance and durability of the dial plate 10 finally obtained can be made particularly excellent. Further, by applying a vapor deposition method as a method for forming the oxide layer 15, even if the oxide layer 15 to be formed is relatively thin, variation in film thickness is made sufficiently small. Can do. For this reason, the transparency of the electromagnetic wave of the dial 10 can be improved, for example, while making the obtained dial 10 sufficiently durable. Therefore, the dial plate 10 obtained can be more suitably applied to timepiece parts such as radio timepieces and solar timepieces.

Of the vapor deposition methods, sputtering is particularly preferable. By applying sputtering as a method for forming the oxide layer 15, the above effects become more prominent.
In addition, when applying the vapor phase film forming method as described above, for example, by using a metal corresponding to the metal oxide constituting the oxide layer 15 as a target and performing the treatment in an atmosphere containing oxygen gas, The oxide layer 15 can be easily and reliably formed.
In addition, the oxide layer 15 may be formed by combining a plurality of different methods and conditions. Thereby, the oxide layer 15 as described above can be suitably formed.

[Decoration layer]
In the present embodiment, the decoration layer 16 is provided on the oxide layer 15 on the second surface 122 side of the substrate 12.
The decorative layer 16 is capable of reflecting or transmitting at least part of light. By having such a decoration layer 16, it is possible to reliably prevent the members arranged on the back side of the dial 10 from being seen through. Further, since the substrate 12 has light transmittance, the texture and color tone of the dial 10 can be freely selected by selecting the constituent material of the decoration layer 16. Further, when the dial plate 10 is viewed from the outer surface side (first surface 121 side), the interface provided on the first surface 121 side of the substrate 12 is difficult to visually recognize the portion where the antireflection portion 123 is provided. It is easy to recognize the vicinity of the decorative layer 16 as the outer surface of the dial 10. For this reason, the dial 10 has a deep depth and an excellent stereoscopic effect.

The material constituting the decoration layer 16 may be any material, for example, various metal materials, various ceramic materials, various coloring materials (for example, plastic materials including pigments and dyes), etc. One type or a combination of two or more types can be used.
Among these, it is preferable that the decoration layer 16 is mainly comprised with the metal material. The metal material generally has a metallic luster and has a function of reflecting light (visible light). For this reason, the surface of the decorative layer 16 facing the substrate 12 functions as a reflective film that reflects light (visible light). For this reason, the dial 10 is excellent in glossiness. In addition, the indicator 13 can be visually recognized particularly three-dimensionally by the light reflected by the decoration layer 16. For this reason, the dial plate 10 is particularly excellent in the visibility of the index 13 and is particularly excellent in aesthetic appearance and stereoscopic effect. Moreover, the dial plate 10 can be manufactured easily and reliably by the method described later. Further, by manufacturing such a decorative layer 16 by a method described later, scratches, unevenness in the thickness of the decorative layer, and the like can be reduced, and the decorative layer 16 having a desired shape can be formed with high accuracy. it can.

  Various metals (including alloys) can be used as the metal material constituting the decoration layer 16, preferably Fe, Cu, Zn, Ni, Mg, Cr, Mn, Mo, Nb, Al, V, Zr. Sn, Au, Pd, Pt, Ag, Hf, Co, In, W, Ti, Rh, and alloys containing at least one of these. The decorative layer 16 is composed of a material (including an alloy) including at least one selected from Ag, Cr, Au, Al, Ti, Sn, and In, among the materials described above. Is preferred. As a result, the adhesion between the decorative layer 16 and the oxide layer 15 can be made particularly excellent, and the aesthetic appearance of the dial 10 can be made particularly excellent. Further, when the decoration layer 16 is made of the material as described above, the size of the opening 17 described later is relatively large, or the area ratio of the opening 17 occupying the entire decoration layer 16 is relatively large. Even if it is large, the presence of the opening 17 can be made inconspicuous in appearance.

Further, the constituent material of the decoration layer 16 may include at least one of the elements constituting the oxide layer 15. In other words, the oxide layer 15 and the decoration layer 16 may be made of a material containing an element common to each other at least at a site where they are in contact with each other. For example, when the oxide layer 15 includes a metal oxide represented by a composition formula of MO _{n / 2} (where M represents a metal element and n represents a valence of M), the decorative layer 16 has M May be included. Thereby, the adhesiveness of the oxide layer 15 and the decoration layer 16 further improves.

  The average thickness of the decorative layer 16 is not particularly limited, but is preferably 0.005 to 600 μm, more preferably 0.007 to 500 μm, and still more preferably 0.01 to 400 μm. When the average thickness of the decoration layer 16 is within the above range, the aesthetics of the dial 10 can be made particularly excellent while sufficiently preventing the internal stress of the decoration layer 16 from increasing. . Further, the adhesion between the oxide layer 15 and the decorative layer 16 can be made particularly excellent. Further, the transmittance of electromagnetic waves (radio waves and light) as the entire dial plate 10 can be made sufficiently large.

The transmittance of the electromagnetic wave (light, radio wave) of the decorative layer 16 is preferably 15 to 40%, and more preferably 25 to 38%. Thereby, the dial 10 can make the light transmittance excellent, preventing that the member distribute | arranged on the back side can be visually recognized via the dial 10. FIG.
In addition, the decorative layer 16 may or may not have a uniform composition at each part. For example, the decorative layer 16 may be a layer (gradient material) in which the component (composition) sequentially changes in the thickness direction. The decoration layer 16 may be a laminate having a plurality of layers.

  The method for forming the decorative layer 16 is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include painting, wet plating, chemical vapor deposition (CVD), vapor deposition, and thermal spraying, but vapor deposition is preferred. By applying a vapor deposition method as a method for forming the decoration layer 16, it has a uniform film thickness (suppressing unintentional thickness variation), is homogeneous, and is in close contact with the oxide layer 15. The decorative layer 16 having particularly excellent properties can be reliably formed. As a result, the aesthetic appearance and durability of the dial plate 10 finally obtained can be made particularly excellent. In addition, when used as a timepiece component such as a radio timepiece and a solar timepiece, since particularly excellent electromagnetic wave permeability is required, it is generally preferable that the decorative layer 16 be relatively thin as described above. By applying a vapor deposition method as a method for forming the layer 16, even if the decoration layer 16 to be formed is relatively thin as described above, the variation in film thickness can be made sufficiently small. .

  Of the vapor phase film forming methods as described above, sputtering is particularly preferable. By applying sputtering as a method for forming the decoration layer 16, the above effects become more prominent. That is, by applying sputtering as a method for forming the decoration layer 16, the decoration layer 16 having a uniform film thickness, uniform, and particularly excellent adhesion to the oxide layer 15 is more reliably formed. be able to. As a result, the effects as described above can be obtained more remarkably.

[Aperture]
Moreover, when the decoration layer 16 is comprised with a metal material, it is preferable that the opening part 17 penetrated in the thickness direction is provided with the predetermined area ratio. By having such an opening 17, a portion of the substrate 12 that is not covered with the decoration layer 16 serves as a transmission portion that transmits electromagnetic waves (light, radio waves) from the outside. The electromagnetic wave can be sufficiently transmitted. Thereby, the dial plate 10 can be suitably applied to, for example, a radio timepiece, a solar timepiece (a timepiece incorporating a solar battery), a solar radio timepiece, and the like.

  The shape of the opening 17 is not particularly limited. For example, the shape when viewed in plan may be any shape such as a substantially circular shape, a substantially elliptical shape, a substantially polygonal shape, a slit shape, or a lattice shape. For example, as shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, the shape of the portion 17 is provided so as to surround a large number of island-like regions configured by the decoration layer 16 when viewed in plan. Is preferred. Thereby, in the appearance of the dial 10, the presence of the opening 17 can be made inconspicuous, and a mask used in a manufacturing method that will be described in detail later can be easily and reliably produced. The reliability of the dial 10 to be manufactured can be made particularly excellent. Further, when the shape of the opening 17 is as described above, the width and the like of the opening 17 can be easily and reliably controlled according to the specifications of the dial plate 10 to be manufactured.

  The width of the opening 17 represented by W in the figure is preferably 10 to 150 μm, more preferably 15 to 140 μm, and still more preferably 20 to 130 μm. When the width W of the opening 17 is a value within the above range, the aesthetic appearance (aesthetics) of the dial plate 10 is particularly excellent while the electromagnetic wave transmission as the dial plate 10 is sufficiently high. be able to.

  Moreover, it is preferable that the pitch of the opening part 17 represented by P in a figure is 70-550 micrometers, it is more preferable that it is 80-500 micrometers, and it is further more preferable that it is 90-450 micrometers. When the pitch P of the openings 17 is a value within the above range, the aesthetic appearance (aesthetics) of the dial plate 10 is particularly excellent while the electromagnetic wave transmission as the dial plate 10 is sufficiently high. be able to. The pitch of the openings 17 refers to the distance between the centers of the adjacent openings 17 and 17. When there are a plurality of adjacent openings 17, Refers to the distance between centers.

  The occupation ratio of the opening 17 in the region where the decoration layer 16 is provided when the decoration layer 16 is viewed in plan is preferably 15 to 45%, more preferably 20 to 42%. More preferably, it is 38%. When the occupancy ratio of the opening 17 is a value within the above range, the transmittance of the electromagnetic wave of the dial plate 10 can be made particularly excellent while sufficiently improving the appearance of the dial plate 10.

  Such an opening 17 can be formed at the same time as the decoration layer 16 is formed, for example, by forming the decoration layer 16 in a state where a mask having openings provided in a predetermined pattern is provided. By forming the decorative layer 16 (opening 17) in this manner, the opening 17 corresponding to the pattern of the opening of the mask (inverted pattern) can be easily and reliably formed. In addition, since the mask can be repeatedly used for manufacturing a large number of dials 10, the productivity of the dials 10 can be improved and quality variations among the dials 10 can be suppressed.

  The mask may be composed of any material, and examples of the constituent material of the mask include various metal materials, various ceramic materials, various plastic materials, and the like. Among these, a metal material is preferable as the constituent material of the mask. When the mask is made of a metal material, the durability of the mask can be made particularly excellent. As a result, the productivity of the dial 10 can be made particularly excellent, and variations in quality among a large number of dials 10 can be suppressed, and the reliability of the dial 10 is improved. In addition, metal materials generally have moderate elasticity, and many have high shape followability, and the substrate 12 (the dial plate 10 to be manufactured) is not limited to a flat plate, but a curved plate or the like. Even if it is a thing, it can apply suitably. In addition, one type of mask can be used in common for substrates 12 having different shapes (for example, a flat substrate 12 and a curved plate substrate 12).

In particular, it is preferable to use a mask made of a material containing a magnetic material (a material having paramagnetism or ferromagnetism). Then, by arranging a magnet on the surface of the substrate 12 opposite to the surface facing the mask, the mask 12 and the substrate 12 as a work on which the decoration layer 16 is to be formed (the substrate coated with the oxide layer 15). 12) can be reliably adhered to each other. As a result, it is possible to more reliably prevent the decoration layer 16 from being formed on a portion other than the target on the substrate 12, and to ensure the aesthetic appearance and electromagnetic wave permeability of the dial plate 10 finally obtained. It can be excellent. That is, the reliability of the dial 10 to be manufactured can be made particularly excellent.
In addition, the magnet may be a permanent magnet or an electromagnet, for example.
In addition to the method described above, the opening 16 may be subjected to chemical treatment such as etching on the decoration layer 16 after formation of the decoration layer 16, irradiation of energy rays such as laser light, lathe treatment, or the like. The opening 17 may be formed by performing mechanical processing (physical processing) or the like.

[Clock face]
As described above, the dial plate 10 described above is excellent in the three-dimensional effect of the index 13 and also in the three-dimensional effect and aesthetic appearance of the dial plate 10 itself. For this reason, it can be suitably applied to a timepiece dial. The timepiece dial is a part that requires a particularly excellent aesthetic appearance among various parts constituting the timepiece, but the dial 10 as described above can satisfy these requirements.
In addition, the dial 10 is preferably applied to a wrist watch among the timepiece dials. In general, a wristwatch is not necessarily constant in the environment in which it is used, and is required to have excellent decorativeness and practicality in various environments. However, according to the dial 10 of the present invention, such a requirement is required. Can be fully satisfied.

  The dial 10 is preferably a solar timepiece dial (including a solar radio timepiece dial) or a radio timepiece dial among the timepiece dials for the following reasons. In solar timepieces (including solar radio timepieces) and radio timepieces, the dial is usually placed on a radio wave receiving antenna or solar cell (solar cell) so as to cover the radio wave receiving antenna or solar cell. On the light receiving surface). Therefore, in the radio timepiece and the solar timepiece, the dial is required to have excellent radio wave permeability. However, according to the dial 10 of the present invention, such a requirement can be sufficiently satisfied. That is, since the dial plate 10 has the opening 17 as described above, the dial plate 10 is excellent in electromagnetic wave (light and radio wave) permeability and also in aesthetic appearance. In particular, the dial plate 10 includes the oxide layer 15 between the substrate 12 and the decoration layer 16, and therefore the decoration layer 16 is relatively thin due to the color tone of the oxide layer 15. However, the aesthetic appearance of the dial 10 as a whole can be made excellent. Moreover, as for the dial plate 10, the board | substrate 12 is comprised with the plastic material. For these reasons, the dial 10 can exhibit excellent aesthetic appearance and durability, and can have particularly excellent electromagnetic wave (light, radio wave) permeability. Therefore, the dial 10 can be suitably applied to a solar timepiece dial and a radio timepiece dial.

<Second Embodiment>
Next, a second embodiment of the dial of the present invention will be described.
FIG. 6 is a schematic perspective view showing a dial plate according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
Hereinafter, the dial of the second embodiment will be described focusing on the differences from the above-described embodiment, and description of similar matters will be omitted.

  As shown in FIG. 6, the dial plate 10 of the present embodiment is provided with an antireflection portion 123 only on a part of the first surface 121 of the substrate 12. Thereby, when the dial 10 is viewed, the portion where the antireflection portion 123 is provided can appear deeper than the portion where the antireflection portion 123 is not provided. That is, the portion where the antireflection portion 123 is provided is difficult to recognize the first surface 121 of the substrate 12 and the second surface 122 side is easily recognized as the outer surface, while the antireflection portion 123 is The part that is not provided easily recognizes the first surface 121 as the outer surface. For this reason, the board | substrate 12 itself can be visually recognized as what has a three-dimensional effect, and the dial plate 10 becomes a thing with especially excellent three-dimensional effect. In addition, since the index 13 can be provided in the portion where the antireflection portion 123 is provided, the dial 10 has a height of each index 13 on the first surface 121 while giving the substrate 12 a three-dimensional effect. Can be the same. For this reason, the dial 10 is excellent in three-dimensional effect and aesthetic appearance.

On the other hand, a method of thinly forming a part of the substrate itself without providing an antireflection portion can be considered, but in this case, the durability of the dial cannot be made strong. Moreover, even if an index is provided in a portion where the substrate is thin, it is difficult to achieve a three-dimensional effect. Further, it is difficult to unify the position and shape of the index between the normal part and the thin part of the substrate, and the degree of freedom in designing the dial is narrow. For this reason, the aesthetic appearance of the dial cannot be made excellent.
Such a dial plate 10 can manufacture the dial plate 10 similarly to the first embodiment described above.

<Third Embodiment>
Next, a third embodiment of the dial of the present invention will be described.
FIG. 7 is a schematic perspective view showing a dial plate according to a third embodiment of the present invention.
Hereinafter, the dial plate of the third embodiment will be described with a focus on differences from the above-described embodiment, and description of similar matters will be omitted.
As shown in FIG. 7, the dial plate 10 of the present embodiment is provided with an antireflection portion 123 on most of the first surface 121, and the antireflection portion 123 is provided only on a part of the first surface 121. It has never been. In the portion where the antireflection portion 123 is provided, the first surface 121 of the substrate 12 is difficult to visually recognize, so that the vicinity of the second surface 122 is easily recognized as the outer surface. On the other hand, the portion where the antireflection portion 123 is not provided can easily recognize the first surface 121 as the outer surface. For this reason, the board | substrate 12 itself can be visually recognized as what has a three-dimensional effect, and the dial plate 10 becomes a thing with especially excellent three-dimensional effect.
Such a dial plate 10 can manufacture the dial plate 10 similarly to the first embodiment described above.

<Clock>
Next, the timepiece of the present invention provided with the dial of the present invention as described above will be described.
The timepiece of the present invention has the dial of the present invention as described above. As described above, the dial of the present invention is excellent in light transmission (electromagnetic wave transmission) and decoration (aesthetic appearance). For this reason, the timepiece of the present invention provided with such a dial can sufficiently satisfy the required requirements as a solar timepiece or a radio timepiece. In addition, as components other than the dial (the dial of the present invention) constituting the timepiece of the present invention, known components can be used. An example of the configuration of the timepiece of the present invention will be described below.

FIG. 8 is a schematic partial sectional view showing a preferred embodiment of the timepiece (portable timepiece) of the present invention.
As shown in FIG. 8, a wristwatch (portable watch) 100 according to this embodiment includes a case (case) 72, a back cover 73, a bezel (edge) 74, and a glass plate (cover glass) 75. . Further, in the case 72, the dial (clock dial) 10 as the dial of the present invention as described above, the solar cell 88, and the movement 71 are housed, and a hand (pointer) is further provided. 89 and the like are stored.
The glass plate 75 is usually made of transparent glass or sapphire having high transparency. Thereby, the aesthetics of the dial plate 10 as the dial plate of the present invention can be sufficiently exhibited, and a sufficient amount of light can be incident on the solar cell 88.

Further, the dial 10 of the present invention can obtain a three-dimensional effect without increasing the thickness of the index 13 itself. For this reason, even when the dial 10 is viewed from an oblique direction, the positional relationship between the index 13 and the pointer 89 is difficult to shift, and the time and the like can be easily recognized. On the other hand, with a dial with a thick indicator, the positional relationship between the indicator and the pointer is easily shifted when viewed obliquely, and the time and the like are not easily recognized.
The movement 71 uses the electromotive force of the solar cell 88 to drive the hands 89.

Although omitted in FIG. 8, in the movement 71, for example, an electric double layer capacitor for storing the electromotive force of the solar battery 88, a lithium ion secondary battery, a crystal oscillator as a time reference source, a crystal vibration A semiconductor integrated circuit that generates a driving pulse that drives the clock based on the oscillation frequency of the child, a step motor that drives the wheel train mechanism every second in response to this driving pulse, and a movement of the step motor A train wheel mechanism for transmitting to the vehicle is provided.
The movement 71 includes a radio wave receiving antenna (not shown). And it has the function to perform time adjustment etc. using the received electromagnetic wave.

The solar cell 88 has a function of converting light energy into electric energy. The electric energy converted by the solar battery 88 is used for driving the movement.
In the solar cell 88, for example, a p-type impurity and an n-type impurity are selectively introduced into a non-single-crystal silicon thin film, and a p-type non-single-crystal silicon thin film and an n-type non-single-crystal silicon thin film are used. It has a pin structure provided with an i-type non-single-crystal silicon thin film with a low impurity concentration in between.

A winding stem pipe 76 is fitted and fixed to the barrel 72, and a shaft 771 of a crown 77 is rotatably inserted into the winding stem pipe 76.
The body 72 and the bezel 74 are fixed by a plastic packing 78, and the bezel 74 and the glass plate 75 are fixed by a plastic packing 79.
Further, a back cover 73 is fitted (or screwed) to the barrel 72, and a ring-shaped rubber packing (back cover packing) 84 is inserted into the joint portion (seal portion) 85 in a compressed state. Has been. With this configuration, the seal portion 85 is sealed in a liquid-tight manner, and a waterproof function is obtained.

A groove 772 is formed in the outer periphery of the shaft 771 of the crown 77, and a ring-shaped rubber packing (crown packing) 83 is fitted in the groove 772. The rubber packing 83 is in close contact with the inner peripheral surface of the winding stem pipe 76 and is compressed between the inner peripheral surface and the inner surface of the groove 772. With this configuration, the space between the crown 77 and the winding stem pipe 76 is liquid-tightly sealed, and a waterproof function is obtained. When the crown 77 is rotated, the rubber packing 83 rotates together with the shaft portion 771 and slides in the circumferential direction while being in close contact with the inner peripheral surface of the winding stem pipe 76.
In the above description, a wristwatch (portable clock) is described as an example of a clock, but the present invention is similarly applied to other types of clocks such as a portable clock, a table clock, and a wall clock other than the wristwatch. be able to.

As mentioned above, although preferred embodiment of this invention was described, this invention is not limited to these.
For example, in the above-described embodiment, the antireflection portion is described as being configured by a conical convex portion, but is not limited to such a configuration. For example, the antireflection part may be constituted by a large number of convex parts as shown in FIGS. 9, 10, and 11, or may be constituted by a large number of concave parts.

  In the above-described embodiment, the dial has been described as having a substrate, an index, an oxide layer, and a decorative layer. However, the dial according to the present invention is limited to such a configuration. For example, it may not have an oxide layer. Moreover, you may not have a decoration layer. Further, by using a relatively thin substrate as a substrate and further having a further layer on the decoration layer, the thickness of the entire dial may be the same as that of the dial as described above. Thereby, the thickness of the substrate can be adjusted while maintaining the durability of the dial. For this reason, it is possible to freely change the three-dimensional effect of the dial while making the dial excellent in durability.

  In the embodiment described above, the index is described as being provided only on the first surface side of the substrate. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and for example, shown in a cross-sectional view of a timepiece dial as shown in FIG. In this way, the substrate may have an index. Thereby, an arbitrary three-dimensional effect can be obtained for each index, and design variations can be expanded. Such a timepiece dial can be obtained, for example, by integrally molding a substrate and an index. Further, for example, a substrate may be formed by laminating two base materials having light transmittance, and an index may be provided by printing or the like in the middle of the base material.

In the above-described embodiment, the decorative layer is described as being formed as a thin decorative layer. However, as shown in FIG. 13, the decorative layer is a relatively thick metal plate or colored resin plate. Also good. Thereby, durability can be improved. Moreover, such a timepiece dial can be manufactured, for example, by attaching a metal plate or a colored resin plate to a substrate.
Further, in the above-described embodiment, the decoration layer has been described as being mainly composed of a metal material. However, the decoration layer may be composed of any material. For example, the decoration layer may be a coating of colored plastic or the like. Further, the decoration layer may be formed by printing.

In the above-described embodiments, the decoration layers have been described as having a uniform thickness. However, the decoration layers may have different thicknesses at each portion.
In the above-described embodiments, the substrate has been described as being mainly composed of a plastic material. However, the material constituting the substrate is not limited to this. For example, the substrate is made of a light-transmitting material such as glass or sapphire. There may be.

Next, specific examples of the present invention will be described.
1. Manufacture of Dials 100 dials (watch dials) were manufactured for each Example and each Comparative Example by the method as described below.

(Example 1)
First, using a silicon plate, a mold corresponding to the unevenness as shown in FIG. 3 was manufactured using laser etching.
Next, using polycarbonate as a material, a substrate having the shape of a wristwatch exterior part (dial plate) was produced by injection molding using the mold, and then necessary portions were cut and polished. The obtained substrate had irregularities constituting the antireflection portion on the entire surface of one main surface, was substantially disk-shaped, and had a diameter of about 27 mm × thickness: about 0.5 mm. Absolute refractive index _{I B} of the polycarbonate constituting the substrate was 1.58. Further, the irregularities had substantially conical convex portions, the pitch was 250 nm, and the height was 450 nm.
Next, this substrate was cleaned. As the cleaning of the substrate, first, alkaline immersion degreasing was performed for 30 seconds, then neutralization was performed for 10 seconds, washing with water for 10 seconds, and cleaning with pure water for 10 seconds.

Next, an oxide layer composed of TiO ₂ (absolute refractive index I _O : 2.51) is formed on the surface opposite to the surface on which the antireflection portion of the substrate is formed, as described below. Formed by.
First, the cleaned substrate was mounted in a sputtering apparatus, and then the inside of the sputtering apparatus was exhausted (reduced pressure) to 3 × 10 ⁻³ Pa while preheating the inside of the apparatus.

Next, while introducing argon gas at an argon flow rate: 40 ml / min, oxygen was introduced at an oxygen flow rate: 10 ml / min. In such a state, Ti was used as a target, and discharge was performed under the conditions of input power: 1400 W and treatment time: 3.0 minutes, thereby forming an oxide layer composed of TiO ₂ . The average thickness of the oxide layer thus formed was 0.01 μm.

Subsequently, a decoration layer made of Ag was formed on the surface of the oxide layer formed as described above by sputtering.
The decorative layer was formed by sputtering in a state where a mesh-like (square lattice-like) mask in which square openings were regularly arranged was arranged on the surface of the oxide layer.
The mask was made of stainless steel (SUS444), and its thickness was 150 μm. Further, this mask had a constant cross-sectional area in the thickness direction.
In addition, the decoration layer is formed in a state where a magnet is disposed on the surface of the substrate opposite to the surface facing the mask, and the substrate provided with the oxide layer is in close contact with the mask. It was.

Sputtering was performed under the following conditions.
First, the inside of the apparatus was evacuated (depressurized) to 3 × 10 ⁻³ Pa, and then argon gas was introduced at an argon gas flow rate of 35 ml / min. In this state, using Ag as a target, and performing discharge under the conditions of input power: 1400 W and processing time: 2.0 minutes, a decorative layer composed of Ag was formed. At this time, the perpendicular direction of the main surface of the substrate and the traveling direction of the sputtered particles were made substantially parallel. The average thickness of the decorative layer thus formed was 0.20 μm.

Next, the substrate provided with the oxide layer and the decorative layer having an opening was taken out of the sputtering apparatus and the mask was removed.
Next, an index was formed on the substrate by printing on the surface provided with the antireflection portion. Thereby, a dial as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 was obtained.
The thicknesses of the oxide layer, the decorative layer, the index, and the mask were measured according to a microscope cross-sectional test method defined in JIS H5821. Further, the reflectance of light (400 to 800 nm) in the antireflection portion of the obtained dial was about 0.5%.

(Examples 2 to 4)
The dial (wristwatch character) was made in the same manner as in Example 7 except that the shape pitch and height of the unevenness of the antireflection portion, and the configuration, thickness, and material of the substrate and decorative layer were changed as shown in Table 1. Board).
(Example 5)
The dial (wristwatch character) was made in the same manner as in Example 7 except that the shape pitch and height of the unevenness of the antireflection portion, and the configuration, thickness, and material of the substrate and decorative layer were changed as shown in Table 1. Board). Note that the decorative layer was formed by sputtering without a mask and did not have an opening.

(Example 6)
Example 1 except that the oxide layer was not formed and the decorative layer was formed by using a colored resin material (colored polyester resin) as the constituent material of the decorative layer and coating without a mask. In the same manner, a dial (watch dial) was manufactured. The formed decoration layer had a uniform thickness, and the thickness of the decoration layer was 5 μm.

(Example 7)
A dial (watch dial) was manufactured in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the antireflection portion was provided only on a part of the substrate as shown in FIG.
(Examples 8 to 10)
The dial (for wristwatches) was used in the same manner as in Example 7 except that the shape, pitch, height, and configuration, thickness, and material of the substrate and decorative layer were changed as shown in Table 1. Dial).

(Example 11)
When the substrate was molded, a dial (watch dial) was manufactured in the same manner as in Example 1 except that an antireflection portion was provided only on a part of the substrate as shown in FIG.
(Examples 12 to 15)
The dial (for wristwatches) was used in the same manner as in Example 11 except that the shape, pitch, height, and the configuration, thickness, and material of the substrate and decorative layer were changed as shown in Table 1. Dial).

(Example 16)
A dial (watch dial) was manufactured in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the decorative layer was formed as shown below.
As a material for the decoration layer, an Ag metal plate was used. The metal plate was substantially disk-shaped and had a diameter of about 27 mm × thickness: about 0.3 mm. A decorative layer was formed by adhering this metal plate to the second surface of the substrate using an adhesive.

(Comparative Example 1)
First, using polycarbonate as a material, a substrate having the shape of a wristwatch exterior part (dial plate) was produced by injection molding, and then necessary portions were cut and polished. The obtained substrate does not have the unevenness constituting the antireflection part, has a substantially disk shape, and has a diameter: about 27 mm × thickness: about 0.5 mm. Absolute refractive index _{I B} of the polycarbonate constituting the substrate was 1.58.

Next, this substrate was cleaned. As the cleaning of the substrate, first, alkaline immersion degreasing was performed for 30 seconds, then neutralization was performed for 10 seconds, washing with water for 10 seconds, and cleaning with pure water for 10 seconds.
The entire surface of the main surface on the outer surface side of the substrate thus cleaned is oxidized sequentially from the surface layer of the substrate by EB method (electron beam evaporation) using a vacuum evaporation system CES-21 (manufactured by SYNCHRON Co., Ltd.). A four-layer antireflection film mainly composed of zirconium, silicon dioxide, zirconium oxide and silicon dioxide was formed. Each of these four layers had a thickness of 130 nm.
Next, an oxide layer and a decoration layer were formed on the surface of the substrate opposite to the surface on which the antireflection film was formed in the same manner as in Example 1.
Next, indicators were formed in the same manner as in Example 1 to produce a dial (watch dial).

(Comparative Example 2)
A dial (watch dial) was manufactured in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the antireflection portion was not formed when the substrate was formed.
(Comparative Example 3)
A substrate was manufactured without forming the antireflection portion, and an oxide layer and a decoration layer were formed on the second surface of the substrate in the same manner as in Example 1. Next, a typesetting having a height of 600 μm was provided on the first surface of the substrate to produce a dial (watch dial).

(Comparative Example 4)
When the substrate was formed, a substrate having a shape as shown in FIG. 6 was formed when viewed in plan. At this time, in the drawing, the thickness of the portion where the antireflection portion is provided is 50 μm, and the thickness of the other portions is 500 μm. Moreover, the obtained board | substrate had a level | step difference in the 1st surface, and the 2nd surface was a flat thing. Next, a substrate was formed without forming the antireflection portion, and an oxide layer and a decoration layer were formed on the second surface in the same manner as in Example 1. The indicator was formed on the first surface, and the indicator was formed on the portions having thicknesses of 500 μm and 50 μm, respectively, and a dial (watch dial) was manufactured.

(Comparative Examples 5 and 6)
A dial (a watch dial) was manufactured in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the uneven shape and pitch of the antireflection portion were changed as shown in Table 1.
Table 1 summarizes the configurations of the dials of the examples and comparative examples. In the table, polycarbonate was indicated by PC, and acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer (ABS resin) was indicated by ABS.

2. Appearance evaluation of dials Each dial plate manufactured in each of the above Examples and Comparative Examples was visually observed and evaluated in accordance with the following four-stage criteria.
A: Appearance is excellent.
○: Good appearance.
Δ: Appearance is slightly poor.
X: Appearance defect.

Moreover, about each dial manufactured by each said Example and each comparative example, it observes visually from about 30 degree and about 60 degree diagonal with respect to the perpendicular direction of the main surface of a dial, and these three-dimensional effects are the following. Each of the four grades was evaluated.
A: Excellent stereoscopic effect.
○: Three-dimensional feeling is good.
Δ: Three-dimensional appearance is slightly poor.
X: Poor stereoscopic effect.

3. Drop test (durability evaluation)
Appearance of the timepiece dial after it has been repeatedly dropped 10 times onto a stainless steel 10 cm thick block from a height of 3 m with respect to each timepiece dial produced in each of the examples and comparative examples. Were visually observed and their appearance was evaluated according to the following four-stage criteria.
A: No distortion of the clock dial, index, etc. is observed.
◯: Almost no distortion of the clock dial, index, etc. is observed.
Δ: Slight distortion of the timepiece dial, index, etc. is observed.
X: Distortion of clock dials, indexes, etc. is noticeable.

4). Evaluation of Light Transmittance of Wristwatch Dial The light transmittance of the dial manufactured in each of the above Examples and Comparative Examples was evaluated by the following method.
First, the solar cell and each dial were placed in a dark room. Thereafter, light from a fluorescent lamp (light source) separated by a predetermined distance was made incident on the light receiving surface of the solar cell alone. At this time, the power generation current of the solar cell was A [mA]. Next, light from a fluorescent lamp (light source) spaced a predetermined distance was made incident in the same manner as described above in a state where the dial plate was superimposed on the upper surface of the light receiving surface of the solar cell. In this state, the generated current of the solar cell was B [mA]. Then, the light transmittance of the dial represented by (B / A) × 100 was calculated and evaluated according to the following four-stage criteria. It can be said that the greater the light transmittance of the dial, the better the light transmittance of the dial.
A: 32% or more.
○: 25% or more and less than 32%.
Δ: 17% or more and less than 25%.
X: Less than 17%.

  Thereafter, a wristwatch as shown in FIG. 8 was manufactured using the dial plates manufactured in the respective Examples and Comparative Examples. Then, each manufactured wristwatch was put in a dark room. Thereafter, light from a fluorescent lamp (light source) spaced a predetermined distance was made incident from a surface on the dial side (surface on the glass plate) of the watch. At this time, the irradiation intensity was changed at a constant speed so that the irradiation intensity of light gradually increased. As a result, in the timepieces of the present invention except Examples 5 and 16, the movement was driven even when the irradiation intensity was relatively small.

5. Evaluation of Radio Wave Transmittance For each dial plate manufactured in each of the above Examples and Comparative Examples, radio wave transmissivity was evaluated by the following method.
First, a watch case and a wristwatch internal module (movement) equipped with an antenna for receiving radio waves were prepared.

Next, a wristwatch internal module (movement) and a dial were incorporated in the watch case, and the radio wave reception sensitivity in this state was measured.
Using the reception sensitivity in a state where no dial is incorporated as a reference, the reduction amount (dB) of reception sensitivity when the dial is incorporated was evaluated according to the following four criteria. It can be said that the lower the radio wave reception sensitivity is, the better the radio wave transmission of the dial is.
A: No decrease in sensitivity is observed (below the detection limit).
○: A decrease in sensitivity is observed at less than 0.7 dB.
(Triangle | delta): The fall of a sensitivity is 0.7 dB or more and less than 1.0 dB.
X: The reduction in sensitivity is 1.0 dB or more.
These results are shown in Table 2.

As is clear from Table 2, the dials of the present invention had excellent three-dimensionality and aesthetic appearance, and were excellent in durability (impact resistance).
On the other hand, in the comparative example, a satisfactory result was not obtained. That is, in the dial of Comparative Example 1 using the conventional antireflection film, the stereoscopic effect was inferior when viewed from an oblique direction, and the aesthetic appearance was not excellent. Moreover, in the dial of Comparative Example 2 in which the antireflection portion was not formed, the stereoscopic effect was inferior and the aesthetic appearance could not be made excellent. Moreover, although the dial of the comparative example 3 had a three-dimensional effect by the large typesetting, in the drop test, the typesetting was easy to be distorted and it was inferior to durability. In the dial of Comparative Example 4, the thin portion of the substrate was easily distorted, and the durability was inferior. Moreover, since the dial of Comparative Examples 5 and 6 has a high light reflectance of the provided antireflection part, it was not possible to obtain an excellent stereoscopic effect.

In addition, the dials of the examples except Examples 5 and 16 were excellent in stereoscopic effect and aesthetic appearance, and were excellent in electromagnetic wave (light, radio wave) permeability. From this, the dial of each Example except Examples 5 and 16 can be suitably applied to a solar timepiece (solar radio timepiece) and a radio timepiece.
Further, a timepiece as shown in FIG. 8 was assembled using the dials obtained in the respective examples and comparative examples. Each timepiece thus obtained was tested and evaluated in the same manner as described above, and the same results as described above were obtained.

It is typical sectional drawing which shows the dial plate of 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is a typical perspective view which shows an example of the uneven | corrugated shape (pattern) which a dial has. It is a typical perspective view which shows the dial plate of 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is a typical top view for explaining an example of the shape (pattern) of the opening which a dial has. It is a typical top view for explaining other examples of the shape (pattern) of the opening which a dial has. It is a typical perspective view which shows the dial plate of 2nd Embodiment of this invention. It is a typical perspective view which shows the dial plate of 3rd Embodiment of this invention. It is a typical fragmentary sectional view showing a suitable embodiment of a timepiece (portable timepiece) of the present invention. It is a typical perspective view which shows another example of the uneven | corrugated shape (pattern) which a dial has. It is a typical perspective view which shows another example of the uneven | corrugated shape (pattern) which a dial has. It is a typical perspective view which shows another example of the uneven | corrugated shape (pattern) which a dial has. It is a typical perspective view which shows an example of the dial of this invention. It is typical sectional drawing which shows an example of the dial of this invention.

Explanation of symbols

  DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 ... Dial (Watch dial) 12 ... Board | substrate 121 ... 1st surface 122 ... 2nd surface 123 ... Antireflection part (unevenness) 1231 ... Convex part 13 ... Indicator | index 15 ... Oxide layer 16 ... Film decoration layer 17 ... Opening 71 ... Movement 72 ... Body (case) 73 ... Back cover 74 ... Bezel (edge) 75 ... Glass plate (cover glass) 76 ... Winding pipe 77 ... Crown 771 ... Shaft part 772 ... Groove 78 ... Plastic Packing 79 ... Plastic packing 83 ... Rubber packing (Crown packing) 84 ... Rubber packing (back cover packing) 85 ... Joint (seal part) 88 ... Solar cell 89 ... Needle (pointer) 100 ... Wristwatch (portable watch)

Claims (11)

A substrate capable of transmitting light and an indicator;
When the said board | substrate is planarly viewed, the cyclic | annular unevenness | corrugation whose pitch is 120-400 nm is provided in at least one part of the main surface of the outer surface side of the said board | substrate, The timepiece dial characterized by the above-mentioned.   The timepiece dial according to claim 1, wherein the height of the unevenness is 120 to 700 nm.   The timepiece dial according to claim 1, wherein the concave and convex portions are formed with a large number of minute convex portions, and the convex portions are substantially conical.   The timepiece dial according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the timepiece dial has, as the index, at least the periphery thereof provided with the unevenness when the substrate is viewed in plan. Dial.   The timepiece dial according to claim 1, wherein a thickness of the substrate is 200 to 1000 μm.   The timepiece dial according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the substrate is mainly made of a plastic material.   The timepiece dial according to any one of claims 1 to 6, further comprising a decorative layer or a plate that absorbs or reflects at least part of light in the vicinity of the main surface opposite to the surface having the unevenness.   The timepiece dial according to claim 1, wherein the decoration layer is mainly made of a metal material.   The timepiece dial according to claim 1, wherein the decorative layer is provided with openings having a predetermined pattern.   The timepiece dial according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the timepiece dial is a solar timepiece dial.   A timepiece using the timepiece dial according to claim 1.

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