JP2008156711A - Nickel-based alloy, exothermic body using the same and heating apparatus - Google Patents
Nickel-based alloy, exothermic body using the same and heating apparatus Download PDFInfo
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- JP2008156711A JP2008156711A JP2006347472A JP2006347472A JP2008156711A JP 2008156711 A JP2008156711 A JP 2008156711A JP 2006347472 A JP2006347472 A JP 2006347472A JP 2006347472 A JP2006347472 A JP 2006347472A JP 2008156711 A JP2008156711 A JP 2008156711A
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- indium
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- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 89
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 45
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 45
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 43
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 title claims description 100
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 229910052738 indium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- APFVFJFRJDLVQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N indium atom Chemical compound [In] APFVFJFRJDLVQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 32
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910000906 Bronze Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000010974 bronze Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- KUNSUQLRTQLHQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper tin Chemical compound [Cu].[Sn] KUNSUQLRTQLHQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000002285 radioactive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 10
- 230000020169 heat generation Effects 0.000 description 9
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 9
- 229910001120 nichrome Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 6
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910003437 indium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- PJXISJQVUVHSOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N indium(iii) oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[In+3].[In+3] PJXISJQVUVHSOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000004043 responsiveness Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000007790 scraping Methods 0.000 description 3
- OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium oxide Inorganic materials [Ti]=O OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Zr]=O MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000010411 cooking Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000002472 indium compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000002816 nickel compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000000123 paper Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 2
- XOLBLPGZBRYERU-UHFFFAOYSA-N tin dioxide Chemical compound O=[Sn]=O XOLBLPGZBRYERU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000003609 titanium compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052695 Americium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O Ammonium Chemical compound [NH4+] QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910052684 Cerium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000881 Cu alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052685 Curium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052692 Dysprosium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052691 Erbium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052693 Europium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052688 Gadolinium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052689 Holmium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052766 Lawrencium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052765 Lutetium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052764 Mendelevium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910002651 NO3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052779 Neodymium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052781 Neptunium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitrate Chemical compound [O-][N+]([O-])=O NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910018487 Ni—Cr Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052778 Plutonium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052777 Praseodymium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052774 Proactinium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052772 Samarium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052581 Si3N4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052771 Terbium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 241001122767 Theaceae Species 0.000 description 1
- 229910052776 Thorium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052775 Thulium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052770 Uranium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004833 X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052769 Ytterbium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- CMMASGRVSLXHOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Ni+2].[O-2].[In+3] Chemical compound [Ni+2].[O-2].[In+3] CMMASGRVSLXHOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052768 actinide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001255 actinides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052767 actinium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052793 cadmium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- VNNRSPGTAMTISX-UHFFFAOYSA-N chromium nickel Chemical compound [Cr].[Ni] VNNRSPGTAMTISX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002270 dispersing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052733 gallium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052735 hafnium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003501 hydroponics Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052809 inorganic oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052741 iridium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron oxide Inorganic materials [Fe]=O UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052747 lanthanoid Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002602 lanthanoids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052746 lanthanum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052745 lead Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium oxide Inorganic materials [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[Mg+2] AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000623 nickel–chromium alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052758 niobium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen oxide Inorganic materials O=[N] MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052755 nonmetal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002843 nonmetals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052762 osmium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- NDLPOXTZKUMGOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoferriooxy)iron hydrate Chemical compound O.O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O NDLPOXTZKUMGOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920000058 polyacrylate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000011002 quantification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000031070 response to heat Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052702 rhenium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052703 rhodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052707 ruthenium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052706 scandium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon carbide Chemical compound [Si+]#[C-] HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910010271 silicon carbide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon nitride Chemical compound N12[Si]34N5[Si]62N3[Si]51N64 HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052715 tantalum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000002525 ultrasonication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000019583 umami taste Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052727 yttrium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- Resistance Heating (AREA)
- Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
- Manufacture Of Alloys Or Alloy Compounds (AREA)
Abstract
Description
本発明は、新規な合金及びこれを用いた抵抗発熱体に関する。 The present invention relates to a novel alloy and a resistance heating element using the same.
従来、金属系の抵抗発熱体としてニクロム線が一般的であるが、通電したときに所定の高温に到達するのに時間がかかった。また、高電圧で通電したときの耐久性は必ずしも満足できるものではなかった。 Conventionally, nichrome wire is generally used as a metal resistance heating element, but it takes time to reach a predetermined high temperature when energized. Further, the durability when energized at a high voltage is not always satisfactory.
なおニクロム線は、周知のようにニッケル−クロム基合金からなる線条であり、その組成は例えば、ニクロム−1種(ＮＣＨ第1種）は、８０ニッケル−２０クロム、ニクロム２種(ＮＣＨ第２種）は、６５ニッケル−１５クロム−２０鉄という組成を有している。 As is well known, the nichrome wire is a filament made of a nickel-chromium based alloy, and the composition thereof is, for example, nichrome-1 type (NCH type 1) is 80 nickel-20 chromium, nichrome type 2 (NCH type 1). 2 type) has a composition of 65 nickel-15 chromium-20 iron.
なお、特許文献１には、固体電解質型燃料電池用セパーレータ材としてはあるが、ニッケル基合金とアルミナ、シリカ、チタニア、酸化インジウム、酸化第二スズ、炭化ケイ素及び窒化ケイ素の中から選ばれた少なくとも1種の無機系酸化物とを非酸化性雰囲気下あるいは真空中で焼結して得たものが提唱されている。しかし、同文献には、ニッケル基合金とアルミナとの焼結体が、ニッケル基合金の含有量２５容量％以上の組成で、元々のニッケル基合金の有する電気伝導度よりの低下が低く抑えられること、１０００℃における線膨張率がジルコニアのそれに近い値であることが実際に示されているのみである。ニッケル−酸化インジウム系等その外の組成については、何らその特性は実証されておらず、また抵抗発熱特性等についても何ら示されていない。
本発明の課題は、通電したときに瞬時に所定の高温に到達することができ、発熱効率に優れ、かつ通電耐久性が優れ、そして加工性が良好な新規な合金、これを用いた抵抗発熱体および加熱装置を提供することである。 An object of the present invention is to provide a novel alloy that can instantaneously reach a predetermined high temperature when energized, is excellent in heat generation efficiency, is excellent in energization durability, and has good workability, and resistance heat generation using the same It is to provide a body and a heating device.
上記課題を解決する本発明は、少なくともニッケル、インジウム及びチタンを含有するニッケル基合金である。 The present invention that solves the above problems is a nickel-based alloy containing at least nickel, indium, and titanium.
さらに、本発明は、少なくともニッケル、インジウム及びチタンを含有するニッケル基合金を含有し、通電により発熱する抵抗発熱体を示すものである。 Furthermore, the present invention shows a resistance heating element that contains a nickel-based alloy containing at least nickel, indium and titanium and generates heat upon energization.
また、本発明は、少なくともニッケル、インジウム及びチタンを含有するニッケル基合金を含有してなる抵抗発熱体に通電して発熱させ、当該発熱体に接するあるいは周囲に存在する媒体を加熱する各種加熱装置を示すものである。 In addition, the present invention provides various heating devices that heat a resistance heating element containing a nickel-based alloy containing at least nickel, indium, and titanium by energizing the heating element and heating a medium that is in contact with or around the heating element. Is shown.
なお、本明細書において、「合金」とは単体金属に、１種類以上の金属または非金属を添加した物質のうち、金属的性質を持つものをいう。 In this specification, “alloy” refers to a material having metallic properties among substances obtained by adding one or more kinds of metals or non-metals to a single metal.
本発明によれば、通電したときに瞬時に所定の高温に到達することができ、発熱効率に優れ、かつ通電耐久性が優れ、そして加工性が良好な抵抗発熱体を経済的有利に提供することができる。また、本発明抵抗発熱体は、合金中における上述の元素の成分比、印加電圧及び抵抗発熱体の形状を調整すれば、抵抗発熱体の発熱量を所望の水準に自動調整することができるという優れた特性を示す。 According to the present invention, a resistance heating element that can instantaneously reach a predetermined high temperature when energized, has excellent heat generation efficiency, excellent energization durability, and good workability is provided economically advantageously. be able to. The resistance heating element of the present invention can automatically adjust the heating value of the resistance heating element to a desired level by adjusting the component ratio of the above-described elements in the alloy, the applied voltage, and the shape of the resistance heating element. Excellent properties.
以下、本発明を実施形態に基づき詳細に説明する。
〔ニッケル基合金及び抵抗発熱体〕
本発明に係るニッケル基合金は、少なくともニッケル、インジウム及びチタンを含有する。
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail based on embodiments.
[Nickel-based alloy and resistance heating element]
The nickel-based alloy according to the present invention contains at least nickel, indium and titanium.
この場合において、合金中、ニッケル含有量は抵抗発熱体の発熱量の大きさ、発熱即応性、長期使用時の劣化防止、及び経済性の観点より、好ましくは２０〜５０質量％、より好ましくは２５〜４５質量％である。 In this case, the nickel content in the alloy is preferably 20 to 50% by mass, more preferably from the viewpoints of the amount of heat generated by the resistance heating element, heat responsiveness, prevention of deterioration during long-term use, and economy. It is 25-45 mass%.
本発明の合金中の（インジウム）／（ニッケル）の質量比は抵抗発熱体の発熱量の大きさ、発熱即応性及び長期使用時の劣化防止の観点より、好ましくは０．００１〜０．２、より好ましくは０．００５〜０．１８である。 The mass ratio of (indium) / (nickel) in the alloy of the present invention is preferably 0.001 to 0.2 from the viewpoint of the amount of heat generated by the resistance heating element, heat generation responsiveness, and prevention of deterioration during long-term use. More preferably, it is 0.005-0.18.
また、本発明の合金中の（チタン）／（ニッケル）の質量比は抵抗発熱体の発熱量の大きさ、発熱即応性及び長期使用時の劣化防止の観点より、好ましくは０．０３〜０．３、より好ましくは０．０５〜０．２８である。 Further, the mass ratio of (titanium) / (nickel) in the alloy of the present invention is preferably 0.03 to 0 from the viewpoint of the amount of heat generated by the resistance heating element, heat generation responsiveness and prevention of deterioration during long-term use. .3, more preferably 0.05 to 0.28.
さらに、本発明に係るニッケル基合金においては、ニッケル、インジウム及びチタンのそれぞれが金属酸化物の形態を呈していても良い。なお、このように各金属成分が金属酸化物の形態を呈していても、金属的特性を発揮するものである。 Furthermore, in the nickel-based alloy according to the present invention, each of nickel, indium and titanium may take the form of a metal oxide. In addition, even if each metal component is in the form of a metal oxide as described above, it exhibits metallic characteristics.
また、本発明のニッケル基合金は、抵抗発熱体の発熱量の大きさ、発熱即応性及び長期使用時の劣化防止の観点より、さらに、（Ａ）元素を含有することが好ましい。 In addition, the nickel-based alloy of the present invention preferably further contains (A) element from the viewpoint of the amount of heat generated by the resistance heating element, heat generation responsiveness, and prevention of deterioration during long-term use.
〔（Ａ）元素〕
ニッケル（Ｎｉ）、インジウム（Ｉｎ）及びチタン（Ｔｉ）並びに放射性元素を除く、長周期律における第６〜１３族元素の１種以上。
[(A) element]
One or more of Group 6 to 13 elements in the long period rule, excluding nickel (Ni), indium (In), titanium (Ti) and radioactive elements.
（Ａ）元素には、具体的には、第３周期のＡｌ、第４周期のＳｃ、Ｖ、Ｃｒ、Ｍｎ、Ｆｅ、Ｃｏ、Ｃｕ、Ｚｎ、Ｇａ、第５周期のＹ、Ｚｒ、Ｎｂ、Ｍｏ、Ｒｕ、Ｒｈ、Ｐｄ、Ａｇ、Ｃｄ、第６周期の、ランタノイド系元素（Ｌａ、Ｃｅ、Ｐｒ、Ｎｄ、Ｐｍ、Ｓｍ、Ｅｕ、Ｇｄ、Ｔｂ、Ｄｙ、Ｈｏ、Ｅｒ、Ｔｍ、Ｙｂ、Ｌｕ）、Ｈｆ、Ｔａ、Ｗ、Ｒｅ、Ｏｓ、Ｉｒ、Ｐｔ、Ａｕ、Ｔｌ、Ｐｂが含まれる。 Specifically, the element (A) includes Al in the third period, Sc, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Cu, Zn, Ga in the fourth period, Y, Zr, Nb in the fifth period, Mo, Ru, Rh, Pd, Ag, Cd, 6th period lanthanoid elements (La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Pm, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb, Lu ), Hf, Ta, W, Re, Os, Ir, Pt, Au, Tl, and Pb.
なお、参考までに第６〜１３族元素に属する放射性元素としては、Ｔｃ、Ｐｍ、アクチノイド系元素（Ａｃ、Ｔｈ、Ｐａ、Ｕ、Ｎｐ、Ｐｕ、Ａｍ、Ｃｍ、Ｂｋ、Ｃｆ、Ｅｓ、Ｆｍ、Ｍｄ、Ｎｏ、Ｌｒ）、Ｒｆ、Ｄｂ、Ｓｇ、Ｂｈ、Ｈｓ、Ｍｔ、Ｄｓ、Ｒｇ、Ｕｕｂ、Ｕｕｔが挙げられる。 For reference, radioactive elements belonging to Group 6 to 13 elements include Tc, Pm, actinoid elements (Ac, Th, Pa, U, Np, Pu, Am, Cm, Bk, Cf, Es, Fm, Md, No, Lr), Rf, Db, Sg, Bh, Hs, Mt, Ds, Rg, Uub, Uut.
この場合において、（Ａ）元素の中でも、Ｆｅ、Ｃｒ、Ｍｎ、Ｗ、Ａｌ等の１種以上を使用することが本発明の所望の目的を達成するために好ましい。さらには、これらのうち、Ｆｅおよび／またはＣｒを少なくとも含むことが望ましく、特にＦｅを含むことが望ましい。 In this case, among the elements (A), it is preferable to use one or more of Fe, Cr, Mn, W, Al and the like in order to achieve the desired object of the present invention. Further, among these, it is desirable to include at least Fe and / or Cr, and it is particularly desirable to include Fe.
（Ａ）元素の酸化物の使用量は、合金を１００質量％としたときに、ニッケル、インジウム及びチタンの酸化物の量を１００質量％から差し引いたバランス量を用いられる。 (A) The amount of the oxide of the element used is a balance obtained by subtracting the amount of oxide of nickel, indium and titanium from 100% by mass when the alloy is 100% by mass.
さらに、本発明のニッケル基合金において、この（Ａ）元素のニッケルに対する質量比、〔（Ａ）元素〕／（ニッケル）が、０．０１〜０．４０であることが、より良好な抵抗発熱体の発熱量の大きさ、発熱即応性及び長期使用時の劣化防止の観点から望まれる。 Further, in the nickel-based alloy of the present invention, the mass ratio of the (A) element to nickel, and [(A) element] / (nickel) being 0.01 to 0.40, better resistance heat generation It is desirable from the viewpoints of the amount of heat generated by the body, rapid response to heat generation, and prevention of deterioration during long-term use.
本発明のニッケル基合金は、ニッケル化合物、インジウム化合物、チタン化合物、及び必要に応じ（Ａ）元素を含む化合物（以下、「原料化合物」という）を乾式又は湿式にて混合し、酸化雰囲気下１０００℃以上にて焼成することにより得られる。この場合において、原料化合物を十分に混和させるため、分散剤、及び高分子化合物等のバインダーを使用してもよい。原料化合物において、ニッケル化合物、インジウム化合物、チタン化合物、及び（Ａ）元素を含む化合物はそれぞれの金属の金属粉末、酸化物、炭酸塩、硝酸塩等形態を含む。 The nickel-based alloy of the present invention comprises a nickel compound, an indium compound, a titanium compound, and, if necessary, a compound containing the element (A) (hereinafter referred to as “raw material compound”) mixed dryly or wetly, It can be obtained by firing at a temperature of at least ° C. In this case, a binder such as a dispersant and a polymer compound may be used in order to sufficiently mix the raw material compound. In the raw material compound, the nickel compound, the indium compound, the titanium compound, and the compound containing the element (A) include forms such as metal powder, oxide, carbonate, and nitrate of each metal.
また、本発明の合金はニッケル、インジウム、チタン、及び（Ａ）元素以外の元素を含んでいてもよい。本発明の合金中の元素の検出及び定量はＥＳＣＡ（Ｘ線光電子分析装置）にて行うことができる。 Moreover, the alloy of this invention may contain elements other than nickel, indium, titanium, and the (A) element. Detection and quantification of elements in the alloy of the present invention can be performed by ESCA (X-ray photoelectron analyzer).
本発明の抵抗発熱体は、上記したようなニッケル基合金を含有してなるものである。 The resistance heating element of the present invention contains the nickel-base alloy as described above.
本発明の抵抗発熱体は種々の形態に加工できる。例えば、当該合金のみを、線条、帯状ないし板状、フィルム状、メッシュ状、バルク状等の任意形状に成形して抵抗体としたもののみならず、当該合金をフィラー、粒子等として、樹脂ないしゴム組成物、塗料組成物などのような有機系媒体、あるいはガラス、カーボン、金属、セラミックス等の無機系媒体中に配合して抵抗発熱体としたものなども含まれる。 The resistance heating element of the present invention can be processed into various forms. For example, only the alloy is molded into an arbitrary shape such as a line, strip or plate, film, mesh, bulk, etc. to form a resistor, the alloy as a filler, particles, etc. Also included are organic heat-resistant media such as rubber compositions and paint compositions, and inorganic heat-resistant media such as glass, carbon, metal and ceramics.
このうち、抵抗発熱体としては、発熱面積が大きいことが有利であるので、帯状であることが好ましい。抵抗発熱体が帯状である場合、厚みは好ましくは２５〜１００μｍであり、幅は好ましくは５〜３０ｍｍであり、長さは任意に設定できる。 Of these, the resistance heating element is preferably in the form of a belt because it is advantageous to have a large heat generation area. When the resistance heating element has a strip shape, the thickness is preferably 25 to 100 μm, the width is preferably 5 to 30 mm, and the length can be arbitrarily set.
本発明の抵抗発熱体は、合金中における上述の元素の成分比、印加電圧及び抵抗発熱体の形状を調整すれば、抵抗発熱体の発熱量を所望の水準に自動調整することができるという優れた特性を示す。 The resistance heating element of the present invention is excellent in that the heating value of the resistance heating element can be automatically adjusted to a desired level by adjusting the component ratio of the above-described elements in the alloy, the applied voltage, and the shape of the resistance heating element. Show the characteristics.
なお本発明の抵抗発熱体は、本発明に係る上記ニッケル基合金を含有してなるものであるが、この抵抗発熱体を抵抗体部とし、その両端部に、電極を設けることができる。用いられる電極としては、良導電性のものであれば、特に限定されるものではなく、銅ないし銅合金、銀等各種のものを用いることができるが、特に、りん青銅を含有する電極を前記抵抗体部と一体成型することが、安定かつ良好な接合形成できるゆえに望ましい。
〔気体加熱装置〕
本発明によれば、上述の抵抗発熱体に通電し抵抗発熱体を発熱させ発熱体の周囲に存在する気体を加熱する手段と、発熱体の周囲の加熱された気体を移動させるための送風手段とを有する気体加熱装置を提供することができる。
The resistance heating element of the present invention comprises the above nickel-based alloy according to the present invention. The resistance heating element can be used as a resistance element, and electrodes can be provided at both ends thereof. The electrode used is not particularly limited as long as it has good conductivity, and various materials such as copper or copper alloy and silver can be used. In particular, an electrode containing phosphor bronze is used as the electrode. It is desirable to integrally mold the resistor portion because a stable and good joint can be formed.
[Gas heating device]
According to the present invention, the means for energizing the resistance heating element to heat the resistance heating element to heat the gas existing around the heating element, and the blower means for moving the heated gas around the heating element It is possible to provide a gas heating device having the following.
この場合において、加熱される気体が空気のとき、気体加熱装置は、いわゆる温風ヒーターとなる。この温風ヒーターは居住する部屋、浴室の脱衣場やトイレの暖房に使用できる。また、バスタブに温湯を満たした状態で浴室のドアを閉じ、この温風ヒーターを運転し浴室内空気を循環させれば簡易サウナとして楽しむことができる。 In this case, when the gas to be heated is air, the gas heating device is a so-called hot air heater. This hot air heater can be used to heat a living room, bathroom dressing room and toilet. Also, if you close the bathroom door with hot water in the bathtub and operate this hot air heater to circulate the air in the bathroom, you can enjoy it as a simple sauna.
この温風ヒーターによれば閉じた空間のみならず、暖房をすべき空間に外部からの新鮮な空気を取り込みつつ、その空間を暖房することができるが、このように温風器を取り付けた場合、ヒーターの電源を停止させ温風器のファンを逆回転させれば例えば室内やトイレの換気も可能である。 According to this hot air heater, not only a closed space but also a space to be heated can be heated while taking in fresh air from the outside. If the heater is turned off and the fan of the hot air heater is rotated in the reverse direction, for example, the room or the toilet can be ventilated.
さらに、本発明の抵抗発熱体は自動車室内用ヒーターとしても用いることができる。自動車の暖房は一般的にはエンジンの発熱を利用するが、冬に暖房装置を運転しても最初は冷風が出て暖かくない。しかしながら、本発明の抵抗発熱体は電圧印加のより瞬時に温風を発生することができるという利点がある。 Furthermore, the resistance heating element of the present invention can also be used as an automotive interior heater. Car heating generally uses the heat generated by the engine, but even if the heating system is operated in winter, cold air is initially emitted and it is not warm. However, the resistance heating element of the present invention has an advantage that hot air can be generated more instantaneously when voltage is applied.
また、靴（長靴を含む）、手袋、ジャケットやズボン等の防寒用具に本発明の抵抗発熱体を装着し、バッテリー等にて発熱させれば厳冬期でもこれらの防寒用具により快適にアウトドアライフを楽しむことができる。 In addition, if the resistance heating element of the present invention is attached to cold protection equipment such as shoes (including boots), gloves, jackets and trousers, and heat is generated by batteries, etc., the outdoor life can be comfortably enjoyed by these cold protection equipment even in the severe winter season. I can enjoy it.
さらに、この気体加熱装置を用い、加熱される気体としての水蒸気を更に再加熱し２００〜４００℃とし、再加熱した水蒸気を調理器具等に使用することができると共に、この方式を利用することにより従来なしえなかった触媒装置にも使用できる。このような再加熱された水蒸気を用いれば、加熱調理が短時間で可能であり、旨味が食材から逃げず大変美味しく調理することができる。 Furthermore, by using this gas heating device, water vapor as a gas to be heated is further reheated to 200 to 400 ° C., and the reheated water vapor can be used for cooking utensils and the like, and by using this method It can also be used for catalyst devices that could not be achieved in the past. By using such reheated water vapor, cooking can be performed in a short time, and umami can be cooked very deliciously without escaping from the ingredients.
また、本発明の抵抗発熱体はエアーコンディショナーにおける結露防止用のヒーターとして使用することが可能である。
〔固体加熱装置〕
本発明によれば、上述の抵抗発熱体に通電し抵抗発熱体を発熱させ発熱体の周囲に存在する固体を加熱することができる。
Further, the resistance heating element of the present invention can be used as a heater for preventing condensation in an air conditioner.
(Solid heating device)
According to the present invention, the resistance heating element described above can be energized to cause the resistance heating element to generate heat and the solid present around the heating element can be heated.
この場合において、例えば抵抗発熱体は複写機における印刷紙に付着させたトナーを定着させるトナー熱定着ローラー用ヒーターとすることができる。 In this case, for example, the resistance heating element can be a toner heat fixing roller heater for fixing the toner adhered to the printing paper in the copying machine.
また、本明細書において、雪や氷は、液体である水が固体の状態となったものと定義し、この固体加熱装置による加熱対象である固体の一形態となる。固体が雪や氷である場合、本発明の抵抗発熱体は様々な形態で、融雪ヒーター、融氷ヒーターとして利用することができる。融雪ヒーターの一例として、雪掻きスコップや雪掻きシャベルの先端部に本発明の抵抗発熱体を装着し通電すれば雪掻きスコップやシャベルの先端部が発熱し、雪掻き作業の効率を極めて向上させることができる。 Further, in this specification, snow and ice are defined as those in which water, which is liquid, is in a solid state, and is a form of solid that is to be heated by the solid heating device. When the solid is snow or ice, the resistance heating element of the present invention can be used in various forms as a snow melting heater or an ice melting heater. As an example of a snow melting heater, if the resistance heating element of the present invention is attached to the tip of a snow scraping scoop or snow shovel and energized, the tip of the snow scraping scoop or shovel generates heat, and the efficiency of snow scraping work can be greatly improved.
さらに、雪道を自動車が走ると自動車の車輪の後部に設置される泥跳ね防止ゴムに雪が付着し、それが固まりとなって落下し、後続の車の走行の障害になることがあるが、そのようなゴムに本発明の抵抗発熱体を装着し雪がゴムに付着することを防止することができる。 In addition, when a car runs on a snowy road, snow adheres to the mud splash prevention rubber installed at the rear of the wheel of the car, and it may fall in a lump and interfere with the driving of the following car, By attaching the resistance heating element of the present invention to such rubber, it is possible to prevent snow from adhering to the rubber.
また、荷台が外気に露出したダンプカー等の車両の荷台に積雪し、荷台の片側をジャッキアップにより傾斜させても雪は荷台から滑り落ちずに堆積するという現象があるが、荷台に本発明の抵抗発熱体を装着し通電すれば雪は容易に除去できる。 In addition, there is a phenomenon that snow accumulates on the loading platform of a vehicle such as a dump truck where the loading platform is exposed to the outside, and snow accumulates without sliding off from the loading platform even if one side of the loading platform is tilted by jacking up. Snow can be easily removed by attaching a resistance heating element and energizing it.
また、信号機に付着する雪等、種々の場面での融雪に利用することができる。
〔液体加熱装置〕
上述の抵抗発熱体に通電し抵抗発熱体を発熱させ発熱体の周囲に存在する媒体（気体以外の媒体）、例えば金属、プラスチックや紙等を加熱し、該媒体を介して媒体の中の液体、例えば水、茶、コーヒー等の飲料や、保温を必要とする液状油や乳化物等の液体を加熱又は保温する液体加熱装置として使用することができる。
It can also be used for melting snow in various scenes such as snow adhering to traffic lights.
[Liquid heating device]
By energizing the above-mentioned resistance heating element, the resistance heating element is heated and a medium (medium other than gas) existing around the heating element, for example, metal, plastic, paper, etc. is heated, and the liquid in the medium is passed through the medium. For example, it can be used as a liquid heating apparatus that heats or heats a liquid such as water, tea, coffee or the like, or a liquid such as liquid oil or emulsion requiring heat retention.
例えばコーヒーサーバーを加熱、保温するヒーターや自動車内に設置したマグカップを加熱、保温するためのヒーターとして利用することができる。 For example, it can be used as a heater for heating and keeping a coffee server and a heater for heating and keeping a mug installed in an automobile.
また、本発明において金属、プラスチック等の種々の媒体を介して水を瞬時に加熱することができることから、湯沸かし器（温水器）、温水シャワーや温水プールの加熱ヒーターとして使用することができる。 Moreover, since water can be instantaneously heated through various media such as metal and plastic in the present invention, it can be used as a heater for a water heater (hot water heater), a hot water shower or a hot water pool.
さらに、上述の抵抗発熱体に通電し抵抗発熱体を発熱させ、直接、水等の液体と接触させ、液体を加熱することができる。本発明の抵抗発熱体は水に接触させても漏電しないという特性を示す。この発熱体を用いて温水器を作製すれば温水器をコンパクトにすることができる。 Furthermore, the resistance heating element can be energized to cause the resistance heating element to generate heat and directly contact with a liquid such as water to heat the liquid. The resistance heating element of the present invention exhibits the characteristic that it does not leak even when it is brought into contact with water. If a water heater is produced using this heating element, the water heater can be made compact.
また、必要に応じ気体、固体及び液体から選ばれる少なくとも２種以上の混合物を本発明の抵抗発熱体により加熱できることはいうまでもない。例えば、本発明のヒーターは農業分野において面上発熱体として水耕栽培に利用できる。 Further, it goes without saying that at least two or more mixtures selected from gas, solid and liquid can be heated by the resistance heating element of the present invention as required. For example, the heater of the present invention can be used for hydroponics in the field of agriculture as a surface heating element.
（実施例１）
水５００質量部、ポリビリルアルコール（和光純薬工業社製、１６３−０３０４５）２５質量部及びポリアクリル酸アンモニウム（東亞合成社製、ＮＩＥ０１ＰＡ）２．５質量部の混合物中に、ニッケル粉末（高純度化学研究所社製、ＮＩＥ０１ＰＡ）１００質量部、酸化インジウム（高純度化学研究所社製、ＩＮＯ０２ＰＢ）３．６質量部（Ｉｎとして３質量部）、酸化チタン（高純度科学研究所製、ＺＲＯ０１ＰＢ）１７．５質量部（Ｔｉとして１０質量部）、及び酸化第二鉄（高純度科学研究所製、ＦＥＯ０６ＰＢ）３８．６質量部（Ｆｅとして２７質量部）を超音波処理及び攪拌混合下、分散させた。ついで乾燥により水を除去後、成形し、空気中にて１３００℃で５時間焼成し、本発明の合金を得た。この合金を圧延して長さ１，０００ｍｍ、幅１０ｍｍ、厚み７５μｍの抵抗発熱体を得た。
(Example 1)
In a mixture of 500 parts by weight of water, 25 parts by weight of polybilyl alcohol (manufactured by Wako Pure Chemical Industries, 163-03045) and 2.5 parts by weight of ammonium polyacrylate (manufactured by Toagosei Co., Ltd., NIE01PA), nickel powder (high 100 parts by mass of Purity Chemical Laboratory, NIE01PA, 3.6 parts by mass of indium oxide (manufactured by High Purity Chemical Laboratory, INO02PB) (3 parts by mass as In), titanium oxide (ZRO01PB, manufactured by High Purity Science Laboratory) ) 17.5 parts by mass (10 parts by mass as Ti) and 38.6 parts by mass of ferric oxide (manufactured by High Purity Science Laboratory, FEO06PB) (27 parts by mass as Fe) under ultrasonication and stirring and mixing, Dispersed. Then, after removing water by drying, the molded product was formed and fired in air at 1300 ° C. for 5 hours to obtain an alloy of the present invention. This alloy was rolled to obtain a resistance heating element having a length of 1,000 mm, a width of 10 mm, and a thickness of 75 μm.
（試験例１）
実施例１にて得られた抵抗発熱体（発明品１）の両端にりん青銅により電極を一体成型したヒーターと、同形状のニッケルクロム合金（ニッケル８０質量％、以下「ニクロム線」という）を有する円形状シーズヒーター（絶縁材料は酸化マグネシウム粉末のパイプヒーター）を用意した。
(Test Example 1)
A heater in which electrodes are integrally formed with phosphor bronze at both ends of the resistance heating element (invention product 1) obtained in Example 1, and a nickel-chromium alloy having the same shape (nickel 80 mass%, hereinafter referred to as “nichrome wire”) A circular sheathed heater having a magnesium oxide powder pipe heater was prepared.
双方のヒーターを、直径４６０ｍｍ、高さ７２０ｍｍの円柱状ステンレス製ビーカーの底面の円周に沿わせるように配置した。その中に、２５℃の水を１０Ｌ入れ、ビーカー底面中央部を攪拌羽根（直径６０ｍｍのプロペラ型）で攪拌（１００ｒｐｍ）しつつ、各ヒーターに商用電源（１００Ｖ、５０Ｈｚ）にて印加した。水温が５０℃に到達に要した時間を測定したところ、発明品１を使用したヒーターの場合は４０秒後であるのに対し、ニクロム線使用のシーズヒーターの場合には６５秒後であった。発明品１を使用したヒーターは、従来のニクロム線使用したシーズヒーターと比較して水の加熱効率が顕著に高い。従って、本発明の抵抗発熱体は即湯方式に用いるのに有利である。また、発熱体において絶縁材料及びパイプが不要なことからコンパクトな即湯器を提供することができる。 Both heaters were arranged along the circumference of the bottom surface of a cylindrical stainless steel beaker having a diameter of 460 mm and a height of 720 mm. 10 L of water at 25 ° C. was put therein, and the central part of the bottom of the beaker was stirred (100 rpm) with a stirring blade (propeller type having a diameter of 60 mm) and applied to each heater with a commercial power supply (100 V, 50 Hz). When the time required for the water temperature to reach 50 ° C. was measured, it was after 40 seconds in the case of the heater using the inventive product 1, but after 65 seconds in the case of the sheathed heater using nichrome wire. . The heater using Invention Product 1 has significantly higher water heating efficiency than the conventional sheathed heater using Nichrome wire. Therefore, the resistance heating element of the present invention is advantageous for use in the instant hot water system. Moreover, since an insulating material and a pipe are not required in the heating element, a compact instant water heater can be provided.
（実施例２）
実施例１において、ニッケル粉末１００質量部に対して、酸化インジウムの量を１０．８質量部とし、酸化チタンを３５質量部とすること以外は実施例１と同様にして抵抗発熱体を得た。
(Example 2)
In Example 1, a resistance heating element was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the amount of indium oxide was 10.8 parts by mass and titanium oxide was 35 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of nickel powder. .
（試験例２）
実施例２にて得られた抵抗発熱体（発明品２）の両端にりん青銅により電極を一体成型したヒーターを用い、試験例１と同様にして水温が５０℃に到達する温度を測定したところ、発明品２を使用したヒーターの場合は３０秒後であった。発明品２を使用したヒーターは、従来のニクロム線使用したシーズヒーターと比較して水の加熱効率が顕著に高い。
(Test Example 2)
Using a heater in which electrodes were integrally formed with phosphor bronze at both ends of the resistance heating element (Invention 2) obtained in Example 2, the temperature at which the water temperature reached 50 ° C. was measured in the same manner as in Test Example 1. In the case of the heater using Invention Product 2, it was after 30 seconds. The heater using the invention product 2 has remarkably high water heating efficiency as compared with the conventional sheathed heater using nichrome wire.
（実施例３）
実施例１において、酸化インジウムの量を５．４質量部とし、酸化チタンを３５質量部とすること以外は実施例１と同様にして抵抗発熱体を得た。
(Example 3)
In Example 1, a resistance heating element was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the amount of indium oxide was 5.4 parts by mass and titanium oxide was 35 parts by mass.
（試験例３）
実施例３にて得られた抵抗発熱体（発明品３）の両端にりん青銅により電極を一体成型したヒーターを用い、試験例１と同様にして水温が５０℃に到達する温度を測定したところ、発明品３を使用したヒーターの場合は３５秒後であった。発明品３を使用したヒーターは、従来のニクロム線を使用したシーズヒーターと比較して水の加熱効率が顕著に高い。
(Test Example 3)
Using a heater in which electrodes were integrally formed with phosphor bronze at both ends of the resistance heating element (invention 3) obtained in Example 3, the temperature at which the water temperature reached 50 ° C. was measured in the same manner as in Test Example 1. In the case of the heater using Invention 3, it was after 35 seconds. The heater using the invention product 3 has remarkably high water heating efficiency as compared with a conventional sheathed heater using a nichrome wire.
Claims (15)
〔（Ａ）元素〕
ニッケル、インジウム及びチタン並びに放射性元素を除く、長周期律における第６〜１３族元素の１種以上。 Furthermore, the nickel base alloy in any one of Claims 1-4 containing the following (A) elements.
[(A) element]
One or more of Group 6 to 13 elements in the long period rule, excluding nickel, indium and titanium and radioactive elements.
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| JP2006347472A JP2008156711A (en) | 2006-12-25 | 2006-12-25 | Nickel-based alloy, exothermic body using the same and heating apparatus |
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| JP2006347472A JP2008156711A (en) | 2006-12-25 | 2006-12-25 | Nickel-based alloy, exothermic body using the same and heating apparatus |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2014089033A (en) * | 2012-10-03 | 2014-05-15 | Lucktail Co Ltd | Heat exchanger and steam generator |
| JP2021025123A (en) * | 2019-08-07 | 2021-02-22 | 優章 荒井 | Heat-generating body |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH06324584A (en) * | 1993-05-12 | 1994-11-25 | Toshiba Lighting & Technol Corp | Heater, manufacture of heater and fixing device |
| JPH08143994A (en) * | 1994-11-16 | 1996-06-04 | Res Inst Electric Magnetic Alloys | Wear resistant high magnetic permeability alloy and its production and magnetic recording reproducing head |
| JPH1116668A (en) * | 1997-06-25 | 1999-01-22 | Matsushita Electric Works Ltd | Manufacture of ceramic heating element |
| JP2003155545A (en) * | 2001-11-22 | 2003-05-30 | Kobe Steel Ltd | Heater part for high-pressure treatment equipment |
-
2006
- 2006-12-25 JP JP2006347472A patent/JP2008156711A/en not_active Ceased
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH06324584A (en) * | 1993-05-12 | 1994-11-25 | Toshiba Lighting & Technol Corp | Heater, manufacture of heater and fixing device |
| JPH08143994A (en) * | 1994-11-16 | 1996-06-04 | Res Inst Electric Magnetic Alloys | Wear resistant high magnetic permeability alloy and its production and magnetic recording reproducing head |
| JPH1116668A (en) * | 1997-06-25 | 1999-01-22 | Matsushita Electric Works Ltd | Manufacture of ceramic heating element |
| JP2003155545A (en) * | 2001-11-22 | 2003-05-30 | Kobe Steel Ltd | Heater part for high-pressure treatment equipment |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2014089033A (en) * | 2012-10-03 | 2014-05-15 | Lucktail Co Ltd | Heat exchanger and steam generator |
| JP2021025123A (en) * | 2019-08-07 | 2021-02-22 | 優章 荒井 | Heat-generating body |
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