JP2008152346A - Regulation sign light suitable also for color blind - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a traffic control light emitting three colors with three lamps, such as a traffic light, having a round outer shape and recognizable by people with defective color vision; wherein the light is reduced size and weight as one unit, thus reducing construction costs, and reducing damage caused by weather and earthquakes; to surely provide traffic regulation or the like to all the people, thus preventing false recognition, and increasing traffic safety. <P>SOLUTION: Two colors of single-color LEDs are used. The bulbs of the LEDs of different colors are arranged consecutively on one base. These lines are arranged alternately to form a round outer shape. A collective surface of a determined shape that can blink independently as another wiring system is created therein to be turned off or blinked by darkening, while the lamps of the different colors are on, so that instructions as a regulation sign light can be notified by the shape and the blinking to even the people with defective color vision. Basically, the different colors and shapes blink with the same meaning. The round shape of one lamp has, three colors, and a regulation sign light such as a signal light is provided using the shape and the blinking in addition to the colors. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2008,JPO&INPIT

Description

  2. Description of the Related Art Recently, indicator lamps that control human behavior using light emitting diodes (hereinafter referred to as LEDs) have been put into practical use as signal lights (hereinafter referred to as signal lights) that control road traffic. When a conventional indicator light with a colored lens on the front is reflected after receiving a sunset or the like, it does not know what color the instruction is, sometimes displays false, and there is a problem that the life of the bulb is short. Recently, it has begun to be switched to LED.

  In the case of a conventional signal light, usually it is composed of three kinds of color lights arranged from the left, a green advance light, a yellow caution light, and a red stop light, but a new LED signal light However, without changing the configuration of the signal lamp that has been widely used in the past, only three light emitting portions of the signal lamp are replaced with LEDs.

  An LED signal lamp is characterized by being composed of many spheres, and the LED can also emit multicolor light. Accordingly, it is possible to give instructions for three lamps by emitting three types of light emitted from the indicator signs with one lamp, but it is also necessary to consider color blind persons (hereinafter referred to as color weak persons).

There are various levels of identification sensitivity to human colors, not limited to those with poor color, but red, yellow, and green are used for people who are above the level called color weak, that is, those with normal color vision (hereinafter referred to as normal). These three colors are perceived as different colors, and their distinction is clear. However, the color-weaker feels the color difference small, especially for green and red, or red and yellow, so there is a risk of misunderstanding traffic control instructions.
Therefore, it is not enough for color-weak people to give instructions only with color.

  However, in the present situation, little consideration is given to people with color weakness in signal lights, and the arrangement of the three colors of the signal lights is determined from the left to green, yellow, and red, and instructions are given according to the position. In addition, it is doubtful whether indication sign lights other than the purpose of traffic control are taken into consideration.

On the other hand, the color weak person also judges how the color is seen outside the position by light and dark. However, the signal light does not have an accurate function to use light and darkness as an instruction, and the color-blind person who uses it is always at risk.
When aiming for a society that is not discriminated by physical function, it is necessary to give further consideration in addition to instructions by color in indicator lamps that are lit.

  On the other hand, when considering signal lights, round shapes are prevalent in accordance with traffic control regulations that the outer shape is round, and people are accustomed to this shape, including other cases. If a person with color weakness gives instructions by changing the outer shape, it may cause a sense of discomfort to normal people, particularly causing confusion for the elderly, and may lead to danger due to unexpected misrecognition.

  The present invention uses a single two-color LED for these three types of instructions: advance, caution, and stop, which are important for the indicator light, even though it is a single lamp and is round. In this way, it is possible to give stable instructions to all persons including those with color deficiencies, and to provide indication sign lights suitable for traffic control that do not give a sense of incongruity to normal persons but still convey instructions to those with color deficiencies. It is about technology.

  There are many signal lights that use light emission. In traffic control signal lights, one of which is usually a green, yellow, and red round light from the left, and these lights are turned on in order to control traffic. Yes. Green means advance, yellow means attention, red means stop.

  Recently, LED lighting has been developed. LED is based on the principle that a current flows in a semiconductor, and energy is released when electrons and holes collide with each other during the movement of the current, and this is converted into light energy to emit light. Heat generation due to light emission is small, energy conversion efficiency to light is excellent, and the life of the light emitting part is long except for light attenuation due to deterioration of the resin of the case.

  Moreover, the light emission color emits light in a specific narrow wavelength range depending on the element of the material used for each semiconductor. For this reason, the color of the emitted light is accurate, and when it is turned off, it is colorless and there is no danger of false display due to reflections such as sunset. Therefore, it has a property suitable for indication signs by colors such as traffic lights for traffic control.

  Due to this property, it has been put into practical use and has begun to spread. Even if one sphere becomes abnormal, the whole sphere does not disappear and only one sphere with many spheres buried does not emit light, so there is no danger of erroneous display as a signal light. Contributes to the reliability.

  However, in traffic control signal lights, there is a problem that only the color is displayed, which is inconvenient for color-blind people. In spite of the fact that people with weak colors have not chosen themselves, they cannot in principle obtain a driver's license. This is a sacrifice in a society that decides to direct traffic control by color. The result shows that care for the physically weak is not enough.

  According to laws and regulations, people with weak colors cannot obtain a license, so there should be no people with color weakness who drive cars. As a result, traffic control is safe in the current system, but there are road users who ride or walk on bicycles. There are color-blind people here, and it is important to consider the color-blind people in the current traffic control. Some survey data show that 3% of all people are color-impaired, and the problem is even greater.

  For this reason, the positions of the three kinds of lamps are determined, and the color-blind person understands the meaning of the display at the positions of the lights that are lit. Normally, round lights of three colors of green, yellow and red are lined up from the left, but in snowy countries, round lights of three colors of red, yellow and green are lined up and down.

  By determining the position in this way, the color-blind person can understand the direction of the signal light by understanding the position or the color as light and dark, but at night or at a distance, the instruction from the signal light is received. It was difficult, and it was a situation where it was not enough to pay attention to the weak.

  In addition, if possible, it would be desirable to have a traffic light that can be used by traffic-sensitive people who can safely drive the car.

  Furthermore, it is desirable to use an indicator beacon lamp that can provide three types of instructions with a single lamp, which is effective for reducing the weight and size of the equipment. However, this was thought to be inconsistent with consideration for the weak, and was not realized.

  There are many inventions that have considered countermeasures by focusing on the two problems of the desire to use one lamp and the instruction function for the color-impaired person, as described below, each of which has excellent characteristics.

JP-A-8-87696 JP-A-10-63994 JP 2001-118192 A JP 2002-260175 A JP-A-6-60294 JP-A-8-138192 JP-A-10-3596 JP 2001-283382 A JP 2006-79390 A JP 2006-18625 A

  If the three signal lights at the intersection are reduced to one by using LEDs, the light weight, compactness, longevity, strength, equipment costs, etc. are already advantageous. It can be seen in Document 3 and Patent Document 4. However, in these inventions that focus on the advantage of using one signal light, no consideration is given to people with color weakness.

  Patent Document 5 also has one traffic signal, and in order to reduce the weight of the light, the light source is separated and placed at the base of the signal light pole, and the light is transmitted to the signal light through an optical fiber. Although it has the purpose of reducing the weight by using only one signal light, it has not yet been considered for people with color weakness.

  Patent Document 6 avoids the use of a specific spectrum that is easily misunderstood by color-blind people, emits two colors with a spectrum that is far from that color, and is defined by laws and regulations for those who are mixed colors. It is an excellent way to make it look the same color as the conventional color for the normal person, and to make it look different from the color of the other instructions for the weak color person. This has the problem that it is difficult to determine how effective it is for all color-weak people at various levels.

  Patent Document 7 and Patent Document 8 say that the signal lights can be identified by the color weakness by color and shape by changing the outer shape.

  Patent Document 9 is excellent in that the outer shape is round, triangular, or cross-shaped, and gives instructions for traffic control by color and shape, but the shape of the outer shape is aimed at traffic control instructions with one light. Because it changes, it cannot be avoided that there is a possibility of confusion between the instruction by the conventional round signal lamp and other rules.

  Patent Document 10 says that in a red lamp, LEDs are arranged in a round shape, and a cross-shaped shape is to be put in by lowering the brightness or changing the color tone. Since only red is targeted and there are no measures for other colors, it is not possible to make a judgment other than red, and it is not a complete instruction for the color-weak person.

  When improving signal lights, it is naturally impossible to change signal lights nationwide at the same time. In this process, new signal lights or other indicator lamps are sequentially replaced with new ones, so there is a period in which two kinds of signal lights are mixed. At the same time, it is important to avoid this confusion as well as care for the weak. The need to give instructions to people with color weakness without changing the round shape of the outer shape also arises from here.

  Furthermore, there is a problem that it is an international law that the signal light is round. If it is necessary for human society, there is an idea that international regulations should be changed, but there is a problem that it is difficult to change the customs of people who have been made for many years. I want to think about a change without any danger. The present invention has been researched and completed with respect to this requirement.

  In the rare case where an LED emits light from a semiconductor itself, one LED may not be lit. However, it is impossible that a filament breaks, breaks, and stops energizing. However, the entire material such as the resin enclosing the LED chip may be deteriorated. Due to this deterioration, the light transmittance is reduced and the brightness is attenuated.

  Although it is an LED that has a long life even when considered from the light emission principle, deterioration of the resin, especially the decrease in light transmittance due to thermal deterioration, is unavoidable, especially when the current is increased and the output is increased, especially for continuous lighting Degradation occurs quickly when

  There are two types of LEDs: a single-color single-chip method and a multi-color multi-chip method. The multi-chip method includes a built-in three-color LED and a built-in two-color LED. If a multichip is used, it is possible to make a multicolored indicator with a single lamp by simply arranging the LEDs in the required shape.

  However, in the case of a two-color multi-chip, the second color is turned on simultaneously to produce a third color. In this case, there is a problem that erroneous color development occurs when the circuit of one chip is cut off.

  Further, when a multi-colored multi-chip is used, any one of green, yellow, and red lights is always on in the signal light. Even if the LED of the color is built-in, it is always lit in the multi-chip LED sphere. That is, there is a problem that there is no cooling time for resting light emission, and the light transmittance is rapidly reduced due to thermal deterioration of the LED chip or the resin enclosing the chip. There is a problem that can not be increased.

  Because of these problems, the present invention has been intensively studied on the condition that a single color LED is used, and the shape is rounded using two types of single color LEDs without changing the outer shape. This is a solution to the problem of whether or not it is possible to add three recognizing means to people with color deficiencies.

The present invention uses two types of single color LEDs.
In other words, by keeping the cooling time by turning off the LED during operation without continuing the lighting time of one LED, the decrease in light transmittance due to heat deterioration such as LED chip and resin enclosing the chip is reduced. The research was advanced on the condition that a monochromatic LED is used, with an emphasis on making a long life.

  In order to make the monochromatic LED have a uniform light emitting surface, two monochromatic light emitting diodes are used. These are arranged in a straight line, and the two color columns are alternately arranged in parallel to form a multi-column, and the length of each column is changed so that the outer periphery is round. It is also possible to narrow the interval by shifting the two-color column by a half of the interval between the spheres in the column.

  On the inner side of the outer surface having a round outer periphery, a group of shapes having the same meaning as the meaning of the color of the lamp is formed as a group, and the outer and inner groups are set as separate wiring series. For each color, the inner wiring series and the outer wiring series are individually or simultaneously turned on or dimmed for each color, and the two lights are turned on at the same time by reducing the amount of light. Produces the function of indicator light.

  The entire LED sphere arrangement is shown in FIGS. FIG. 1 shows a symmetric case where two color LEDs arranged in a straight line are alternately arranged one above the other. In FIG. 2, the rows are arranged with ½ of the interval between the spheres. The method of FIG. 1 is selected when the interval between the spheres is wide, and the method of FIG. 2 is selected when the interval is small. The selection is free when the distance between the spheres is wide and the distance between the rows is narrow.

  Here, the black circle of reference numeral 1 and the white circle of reference numeral 2 indicate green LED spheres, and the black square of reference numeral 3 and the white square of reference numeral 4 indicate red LED spheres. Yellow color development is performed by simultaneous light emission of green and red with a reduced amount of light, and the yellow color tone is selected by selecting the brightness of two colors of green and red LEDs to be mixed.

  Here, the LED spheres, which are black in both the round shape and the square shape, form a round outer periphery, creating an outer surface connected to it, and the white ones in white indicate the shape with the inner meaning. This indicates that the wiring series are different from each other.

  FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of the portion surrounded by the line 5 using FIG. 2, and FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of the portion surrounded by the reference numeral 6. Here, the arrangement of the two kinds of LEDs is further understood. Easy to show. The code | symbol which shows the color of the bulb | ball of LED is common with FIG.

  Since the spheres of LEDs are arranged in a straight line, a part of the wiring is in a linear series. However, the wiring of the parts such as reference numerals 5 and 6 intersects in three dimensions, but this kind of wiring is usually used. Therefore, the description thereof is omitted here.

The two color LED spheres wired in two series are arranged as shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, and according to this condition, the LED spheres of each color are distributed evenly in every other row. And arranged in density. This arrangement has a round outer shape and looks like FIG. 17 when approaching a person, but looks round when viewed away.
When selecting a sphere with a small LED, it is also possible to reduce the distance between the rows and make the spheres of the LEDs of the same color the same or close to each other.

  It is also possible to use large and bright LEDs, widen the spacing between the spheres in the row, widen the row spacing, and make the same color row-to-row spacing the same as the sphere spacing. In this way, as shown in FIG. 18, the shape of the surface formed by one color sphere is the same in the vertical and horizontal directions. In this case, there are a case where two color columns are arranged one above the other and a case where one half of the interval between the spheres in the column is shifted horizontally.

  In addition, when the interval between the rows is wide, a fresnel lens or a transparent or semi-transparent plate that diffusely reflects may be placed in front to create a blur of light and reduce the stripes.

  On the other hand, the green LED sphere of reference numeral 2 and the red LED sphere of reference numeral 4 of the inner wiring series surrounded by the outer wiring series are arranged in different shapes.

  In this set of uniformly arranged LED spheres of one color LED arranged in a round shape, for example, as in the case of the green LED spheres with reference numerals 1 and 2, the input wiring is divided into two separate series. The green LED sphere 1 and the red LED sphere 3 both have a round outer periphery and are connected to each other.

  Each of the green LED spheres 1 and 2 and the red LED spheres 3 and 4 also has two wiring lines, but all the spheres have a boundary in the external shape with a uniform density. Next to each other.

  The situation for each of the two colors is shown in FIG. 5 for the green color and FIG. 6 for the red color. The outer shape of the outer LED sphere is the same for the two colors, but the inner LED sphere shape is the same. The shape of the collective surface incorporates meaningful shapes for each color.

  The inner wiring series has a characteristic shape that conveys the same meaning as the color in each of the two types of colors. For example, a shape as shown in FIG. 9 can be freely selected and brought close to it, and the one most suitable for the meaning of the control of the indicator beacon lamp is selected.

  FIG. 5 exemplifies the case where all the green lights are turned on. FIG. 7 shows the shape when the internal wiring series is turned off, and FIGS. 6 and 8 respectively show the shapes when red. .

  In this way, although it is configured in two wiring series, the whole is a collective surface in which LED spheres are uniformly arranged, and when these two wiring series are lit simultaneously in either of two colors The indicator surface as a round shape with no border lights up. Further, when the two wiring series of two colors are reduced in light quantity, that is, when all the lights with the reduced light quantity are turned on, lighting that appears yellow is performed.

  FIG. 3 and FIG. 4 show the situation where these two series are adjacent to each other, but the round and square black and white LED spheres are adjacent to each other even though they are four different wiring series. The arrangement of the LED spheres is a collective surface of the LED spheres that is not recognized from the appearance and is the same as the other parts.

  Here, when the shape which wants to represent when only the outer periphery is lighted is illustrated. This is as shown in FIG. 9, which is selected in accordance with the meaning of the color in accordance with the meaning of the indicator lamp. In addition, there may be a case where it is effective to illuminate only the shape appearing inside for a short time in a situation where the outer periphery is not lit.

  The contents of the two series of lighting are inside and outside, inside and outside → outside only → inside and outside, inside and outside → inside only → inside and outside, inside only → inside and outside, outside only → inside and outside, There are various usages such as inner side only → outer side, etc., both of which can be freely performed, and all are effective, but it is desirable to select a method considered to be most suitable for the purpose as the indicator lamp.

  This light-off state may be made less frequently, may be made by blinking, may be made by turning off light, or may be made by dimming. An example is shown in FIGS. Shown here is the lighting status of one traffic sign, where G vertically indicates green, R indicates red, and the lighting status of the LEDs riding on the time series laterally from here.

The horizontal axis from left to right is time, the black band is lit, and the width indicates brightness.
The horizontal symbols G are green, Y is yellow, and R is a red color development time position, and a black band below it indicates the light emission status of the color. A black strip means light extinction, and a narrow width means dimming. However, a width of 1/2 does not mean that the amount of light is 1/2.

  FIG. 14 is an example in which the shape desired to be indicated by the indicator lamp is always given by only the inner dimming without flashing. Here, dimming suitable for yellow light emission is shown in the form of green and red, but yellow coloring and dimming have different purposes, and it is assumed that these two light quantities are different, but they are the same There may be cases.

  The inner shape does not appear in the yellow lighting here, but it is not illustrated in consideration of the short lighting time of yellow and simplification of the device, and the shape is the same as green and red You can also show. It is also possible to show a red shape in yellow by a blinking operation.

  In the present invention, two kinds of single color LED spheres are uniformly gathered in one indication surface, the two colors are arranged in parallel, and an indicator beacon lamp whose outer shape is round in each color is constituted. Is. In addition, in each of these colors, the surface constituted by the LEDs so as to have different shapes on the inside is constituted as an independent wiring series so that it can be blinked or dimmed.

  This makes it possible to create a single-color round light-emitting surface with no borders at the same time, and the same color and meaning can be generated in it, or a blinking instruction can be issued, which is the same as the conventional custom. It is a traffic signal of a shape, and it is possible to send instructions to people with color weakness by a method other than color.

  As expected from FIGS. 15 and 16, there is a remarkable reduction in volume, surface area, and weight when one LED is used and an LED is used. The reference sign 12 of the mechanism on the left in FIG. 15 is a reflector, and the reference numeral 13 is an incandescent bulb. The conventional signal light uses three of these lights side by side. On the other hand, in the case of the right mechanism according to the present invention, the object can be achieved with only one indicator beacon with the LED substrate 14.

  In the case of equipment that has to be installed over the road, such as a signal light on the road, the effect of this weight reduction and surface area reduction is particularly great. The equipment has been reduced in weight, volume and surface area, making it easy to construct utility poles as shown in Fig. 16. It is also strong and effective against storms, floods, snow damage and earthquake damage due to heavy winds. It is also effective against abnormal weather that is expected to occur frequently with global warming.

  Various colors such as neon signs are flooded on the road, and it is effective to use size, specific shape, specific flashing, etc. to prevent misrecognition.

  Further, by utilizing the fact that it is one light and the ability to reduce the weight by using the LED, it is possible to increase the area of the indicator light as shown in FIG. When used as a signal light, the instruction function can be greatly improved, so the function of road traffic control is enhanced and it helps to prevent traffic accidents.

  In this way, it has many effects such as weight reduction, strengthening disasters, and enhancing cognitive functions for normal people, not only for people with color weakness, but also contributes to the convenience and safety of all people. It can be done.

  In addition, the present invention has been invented to be suitable for color-impaired people, but according to the results of implementation, the effect of blinking the shape of the inner wiring portion is not limited to color-impaired people but also to normal people. It turns out that it is effective. In other words, it is possible that it is not always necessary to aim at being effective for the visually impaired and not perceived by the normal person.

  It is also preferable that color, shape, and blinking are included in the light emission of the indicator lamp, and if the turn-off time is shortened, the overall brightness is hardly affected. You can also make an indicator light with this content.

  In order to make the traffic control instructions more meaningful, it is possible to change the extinguishing cycle of the wiring series inside the signal indicator lights, that is, when the most important instruction occurs in the traffic signal, Change the blinking cycle of the inner wiring series in one cycle of the signal lamp, or blink the outer wiring series in a different cycle, or blink the outer wiring series without performing the inner blinking, There is also a way to strengthen traffic control instructions.

  As described above, the present invention usually looks round, and a shape other than the color and a blinking instruction appear outside. The contents are as shown in the examples for each of the above embodiments, and each of the two colors has two wiring series, and has various applications mainly for the blinking method inside. is there. The selection of the contents is preferably carried out by setting a common rule according to the reaction and preference of the person using the control instruction and the purpose of the person performing the control.

  As described above, it is possible to make an indicator lamp that does not rely on green, yellow, and red colors only for the indication of progress, caution, and stop, even though it is round. In traffic control, the shape of a horizontal bar, an arrow, a circle, a triangle, a rectangle, a cross, etc., within a short lighting time for instructions, although it is a conventional round as defined by laws and regulations. Can be turned off, turned on or dimmed, and even flashing can be meaningful to improve the traffic control for the visually impaired.

  Furthermore, not only the color of the indicator sign but also the color and shape, or the color, shape and blinking can be transmitted to the normal person strongly.

  In other words, because it is possible to communicate the indication of the direction sign by the shape or the shape and blinking to the weak color person, in road traffic control, like a car driver, when approaching at high speed from a distance, The instructions can be recognized quickly as the color of the round shape, and for the bicycle rider and the pedestrian who are close to the signal, the instructions other than the color and the blinking can also be received.

Upon hearing the opinions of the ophthalmologists, the trials were appreciated and there was a hope for early implementation. After giving practical experience to about 50 normal people and hearing their opinions, both day and night evaluated that they understood the meaning of traffic control, and many agreed to use it. 100% of people with poor color answered that the present invention was better.
When all the signal lights were replaced, some people with disabilities had hopes to open up the possibility of driving.

  More precisely, there is a possibility that the means of blinking, light and darkness, time difference and number of times will be used for further instructions.

  The present invention was first born out of the problem of traffic lights in ordinary traffic control. However, this technology is not limited to traffic lights in traffic control, but in factory premises, amusement parks, home gates, and even trained dolphins. It can also be used for traffic education demonstrations by dogs and dogs, and can also be used for indicator signs that indicate the operating status of machines. It is.

  By using a single color LED that is uniformly arranged on the same surface of the indicator sign, three types of instructions can be given by one lamp, and the shape or shape and blinking are shown outside the color in a round signal light. The direction signs can be used for road control signal lights. Here, the features of weight reduction and surface area reduction are utilized to enhance equipment and reduce costs. In addition, it is possible to improve the traffic control instructions for people including the visually impaired.

  In addition, the LED has a long life, and there is no false display due to the sunset, leading to the advancement of color-impaired people, road management cost savings and accidents. Furthermore, it is possible to switch over with the currently used signal lights over time, and can be exchanged without difficulty and widely used for industrial use as well as traffic control indicator lights. It has these characteristics.

  Several embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. For further understanding of the present invention.

  The right side of FIG. 15 is a cross-sectional view showing an example of an indication sign for road traffic control to which the present invention is applied. Here, it is assumed that the LED spheres of two colors are alternately arranged in two rows and are manufactured from a printed circuit board. The printed circuit board is denoted by 14.

  The layout of the situation in which all the LEDs are manufactured is shown in FIG. 2 of the front view. Here, red is represented by a rectangle and green is represented by a circle, and this is the same in other drawings. The outside of the two wiring series is black, and the inside wiring series is white.

  The LEDs were uniformly fixed and wired in such an arrangement. In this prototype, the covering cord is used instead of the printed circuit board and wiring is performed, but the design is based on the printed circuit board. As a result, an indicator light that looks like a round shape was created when the outer shape was lit from a remote location.

  In this indicator lamp, the input wiring of the LED is arranged in two lines for one color. That is, the wiring series on the outer side has a round outer periphery and a continuous surface, and the other inner wiring series has an arrow shape 108 and a horizontal bar shape 104 in the shape as shown in FIG. As a shape close to this, the shape shown in FIGS. 5 and 6 was considered, and each of the shapes showed the same meaning as the color. In this case, green has an arrow shape and red has a horizontal bar shape.

  In this way, the shape was selected as a shape that can be produced in the sphere arrangement conditions while using the sphere arrangement and the appropriate number of spheres as the prototype in FIG. 9, but this shape is not particular. No.

  FIG. 5 and FIG. 6 show the two colors separately, and FIG. 7 and FIG. 8 show the situation where the inner wiring series is extinguished.

  In this case, since the two series of wirings are all made of the covering cords, the wirings are not necessarily connected to the adjacent sphere in the shortest distance. However, in the case of manufacturing with a printed circuit board, as shown in FIG. 2, since each color is arranged in a straight line, if this is used, wiring is easy, and it is necessary to straddle the printed wiring on the circuit board in the parts as shown in FIGS. Then, it is only necessary to insulate and connect the wires crossing a solid. Since this method is a commonly used method, a description thereof will be omitted.

The number of LEDs used here is 600 balls for each color. This was arranged using 500 balls for the outer wiring series and 100 balls for the inner specific wiring series.
The used LED has a diameter of 7 mm, the distance between the spheres of the LED on the substrate is 8.4 mm, and the diameter of the indicator mark made thereby is about 30 cm.

The LED used in this case was a commercially available product called a luminance of 12000 micro candela (hereinafter referred to as mcd) in red and a green one of 11000 mcd.
The difference in luminance between the two colors comes from the current performance of the LED. If the luminance is high in the future and luminance close to each other can be selected, the luminance of each color can be made uniform. Further, this difference in measured values is not problematic in practical use, considering the difference in human eye sensitivity to color, but rather important is sensory brightness, which is appropriate here.

  When the brightness of the prototype of this indicator was measured, when all of the two wiring series were turned on, red was 700 candela (hereinafter referred to as cd), green was 650 cd, and green and red were turned on at the same time with the light intensity reduced. It was 600 cd when we made a situation that looks yellow. When the inner wiring series was turned off for a short time as shown in FIG. 10, although the brightness was reduced by about 50 cd, the short turn-off was not conscious when viewed from a distance.

  When LED is used, it becomes a set of small spheres. When viewed at a distance of about 10 m or less, the small spheres are recognized, but when they are separated by 30 m or more, a normal person does not recognize the sphere and feels a round shape. There are individual differences in this. There is no problem with the purpose of the indicator light.

  This was compared near the signal lights currently in use. When measured with a simple luminance meter, the brightness of a conventional signal light is about 1000 cd, which can be recognized well in a light background of 500 to 1000 cd, while this prototype has a measured value of about 650 to 700 cd. However, the visual recognition was not inferior. Even if the measured value by numerical value is small, it is presumed that it is rather advantageous for the recognition of instructions when emitting light with a wide and uniform surface than when there is a difference in the brightness of the light source like a normal traffic light To do.

  An example of the relationship between the lighting and extinction of the signal lights on the orthogonal road and the lighting and extinguishing with a cycle in this one lamp is shown in FIG. Here, the orthogonal relationship is shown as the east-west direction and the north-south direction, but the function as a signal lamp was attempted with one lamp.

  Various lighting tests were performed using the indicator lamps produced in Example 1, and conditions suitable for practical use were determined. In either case, the results were suitable for the purpose. Here are some of them.

The experiment was conducted assuming that it was used for traffic control signal lights.
In the case of an intersection where traffic control is required, the lighting time of the signal light varies depending on the traffic conditions. In one example, the green direction in the east-west direction is 38 seconds, yellow is 2 seconds, and red is 48 seconds. The traffic light that controls traffic in the east-west direction is green after 38 seconds of green and 2 seconds of yellow have passed, and after 48 seconds of red light has started to light, that is, after all passing vehicles have passed, Starts to light up and then turns on in the same order.

  The contents of the time setting for alternately turning on the colors of the signal lights for performing the multi-directional traffic control differ depending on the traffic contents at the intersection, but the lights of G, Y and R shown in the horizontal direction in FIG. 10 are turned off. The situation takes place during the lighting time of the signal lamp, taking this as one cycle.

  In the case of FIG. 10, immediately after the green light is turned on, the inside is turned off for a short time and then turned on for the next time. The dimmed red lights up. The lighting of these two colors is mixed and looks yellow when viewed from a distance, but it is preferable to adjust the dimming degree of the two colors in consideration of the perception of the color weak. The next red lighting starts with a short light extinction at the inside, and there are many short light extinctions even during lighting.

  From a trial, lighting the red horizontal bar within the yellow lighting time was also effective as a warning for the red traffic light.

  FIG. 11 shows the situation when the number of times of extinction is approached for both green and red and the instruction in the form is emphasized. Here, I looked at various times for turning off the lights, but I was able to fully recognize the shape even when the lights were turned off for 0.1 seconds. Repeated extinction was effective for cognition.

  On the other hand, as a measure for concentrating the normal person's consciousness only on the color, a method of performing dimming instead of turning off blinking is also conceivable. For this purpose, the inner wiring line was not turned off. In this case, the brightness was lowered by a method of lowering the voltage.

  FIG. 12 shows that the inner shape is not dimmed but dimmed, and the attempt is shown in the form of a black band. When the brightness of the collective surface of the LED sphere is lowered, if the user is careful, the shape can be recognized almost at half, and the shape clearly appears at 1/4.

  This embodiment attempts to utilize this phenomenon. This method is suitable because it is highly perceptible to slight differences in brightness, but it is unclear whether it can be applied to all color-blind people. Whether it is present needs to be evaluated by a large number of color-impaired people. There is a possibility of a signal light that can be understood only by the color-blind person and not noticed by the normal person, regardless of the magnitude of the necessity.

  FIG. 13 shows an example in which a difference is also made in the luminance, but it is shown in consideration that the optimum dimming for making yellow in a mixed color and the dimming necessary for shape recognition do not necessarily match. It is. Also, the dimming in green and red should be different, which is shown. At the same time, green shows the shape by dimming twice, and red increases the number of times to increase the degree of dimming to increase the degree of recognition.

  It can be considered as an effective method to always show the shape only by dimming. FIG. 14 shows the situation. In this figure, the dimming for making yellow with a mixed color and the dimming for showing the shape are at the same level, but this is not particular. On the other hand, when the two dimming levels were set to be the same, a good result was obtained.

A figure in which the spheres of LEDs of all two colors are arranged symmetrically A diagram in which parallel rows of spheres of two-color LEDs are arranged with a ½ shift between the spheres and the inner spacing of the spheres. Enlarged view of the overlapping part of two wiring series of LED balls of two colors Enlarged view of the overlapping part of two wiring series of LED balls of two colors Green LED sphere layout Red LED sphere layout Figure with only the outside of the green LED lit A figure in which only the outside of the red LED is lit Figure of shape example Illustration of lighting timing example at the intersection of two colors and two wiring series Cycle diagram of lighting of 2-color 2-wiring series Cycle diagram of lighting of 2-color 2-wiring series Cycle diagram of lighting of 2-color 2-wiring series Cycle diagram of lighting of 2-color 2-wiring series Cross-sectional view of three conventional signal lights and one LED signal light Illustration of installation example of 3 signal lights and 1 LED signal light One color is all lit One color full lighting diagram with one color sphere widened and one color row spaced equal

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Green outer LED sphere 2 Green inner LED sphere 3 Red outer LED sphere 4 Red inner LED sphere 5 LED sphere arrangement enlarged portion 6 LED sphere arrangement enlarged portion 12 Reflection Board 13 Light bulb 14 LED light emitting board

Claims (1)

  Two colors of light emitting diodes are used, and the light emitting diodes of each color are arranged side by side in parallel and arranged in multiple rows in parallel, and arranged so that the outer periphery is round, and in each color, inside the surface Create a group of shapes that have the same meaning as the meaning of the color as a group, and set the inner group as a separate wiring series. For each color, the inner wiring series and the outer wiring series are lit individually or simultaneously. Alternatively, the indicator lamp suitable for a color blind person is characterized in that the light is dimmed and the light quantity is further reduced to simultaneously turn on the two color lights.

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