JP2008151435A - Air-conditioning equipment operation control device and method - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To surely control restraint of energy supply to air-conditioning equipment. <P>SOLUTION: A central monitor 15 measures the energy supply from heat supply equipment to the air-conditioning equipment, and calculates a restraint ratio increased in stages according to the energy supply when the energy supply is more than a prescribed restraint start capacity (restraint start capacity < target capacity). Controllers 4, 14 control heat load of the air-conditioning equipment according to the restraint ratio. Further the central monitor 15 outputs the prescribed maximum restraint ratio when the energy supply is over the target capacity. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2008,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to an air conditioner operation control apparatus and method for controlling an air conditioner so that the amount of energy supplied to the air conditioner that operates by receiving heat supply from the heat supply facility does not exceed a target capacity.

  Conventionally, in buildings where energy is supplied from a district heating and cooling (DHC) system using a heat transfer medium such as cold water, steam, or hot water, heat is supplied so that the energy supply does not exceed the target capacity. Demand control is performed (for example, refer to Patent Document 1). In the control system disclosed in Patent Literature 1, when the total load fluctuation of the demand side air conditioning equipment is predicted and the predicted value exceeds the step increase setting value, the air conditioning target setting value of the demand side air conditioning equipment is By automatically updating in the direction of reducing the load, the increase in the heat load was regulated to improve the thermal efficiency of the air conditioning equipment and save energy.

JP 2003-139372 A

  However, in the control system disclosed in Patent Document 1, the air conditioning target set value of the air conditioning equipment is automatically updated in the direction of reducing the load (in the case of cooling, the temperature is increased, and in the case of heating, the temperature is decreased). There is no guarantee that energy saving can be realized, and there is a problem that the maximum value of the air-conditioning load calorie may exceed the target capacity, and a sufficient effect is not obtained. Although it is a precondition that the prediction of the thermal load and the suppression of the thermal load are performed as in the control system disclosed in Patent Document 1, it is assumed that the prediction does not deviate. Predictions are very difficult due to complex and varying conditions. For this reason, in the thermal load suppression judgment logic, since a predetermined amount of suppression operation is output according to the predicted value of the thermal load, a slight deviation of the prediction causes excessive suppression or insufficient suppression. In some cases, the maximum value of load heat exceeded the target capacity.

  The present invention has been made to solve the above-described problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide an air-conditioning equipment operation control device and method that can reliably control the amount of energy supplied to the air-conditioning equipment.

The present invention provides an air conditioning facility operation for controlling the air conditioning facility so that an energy supply amount to an air conditioning facility that operates by receiving heat supply from the heat supply facility does not exceed a target capacity indicating a maximum energy supply amount that can be supplied. A control device for measuring an energy supply amount from the heat supply facility to the air conditioning facility, and when the measured energy supply amount is equal to or greater than a predetermined suppression start capacity (suppression start capacity <target capacity) In addition, a suppression rate calculation unit that calculates a suppression rate that increases stepwise according to the energy supply amount, and a suppression unit that suppresses the thermal load of the air conditioning equipment according to the suppression rate.
Moreover, in one structural example of the air-conditioning equipment operation control apparatus of this invention, the said suppression rate calculating means increases the said suppression rate for every fixed time, when the measured energy supply amount is more than the said suppression start capacity | capacitance. Is.
Moreover, 1 structural example of the air-conditioning equipment operation control apparatus of this invention is further provided with the maximum suppression rate output means which outputs a predetermined maximum suppression rate, when the measured energy supply amount exceeds the target capacity, The said suppression means suppresses the thermal load of the said air-conditioning equipment according to this maximum suppression rate, when the said maximum suppression rate is output.
The energy supply amount is a load heat amount of the air conditioning facility or a flow rate of a heat medium supplied from the heat supply facility to the air conditioning facility.

The air conditioning facility operation control method of the present invention includes a measurement procedure for measuring an energy supply amount from the heat supply facility to the air conditioning facility, and the measured energy supply amount is a predetermined suppression start capacity (suppression start capacity < In the case of the target capacity) or more, a suppression rate calculation procedure for calculating a suppression rate that increases stepwise according to the energy supply amount, and a suppression procedure for suppressing the thermal load of the air conditioning equipment according to the suppression rate , Is to be executed repeatedly.
Moreover, in one structural example of the air-conditioning equipment operation control method of this invention, the said suppression rate calculation procedure increases the said suppression rate for every fixed time, when the said measured energy supply amount is more than the said suppression start capacity | capacitance. It is what I did.
In addition, one configuration example of the air conditioning facility operation control method of the present invention further outputs a predetermined maximum suppression rate when the measured energy supply amount exceeds the target capacity before the suppression rate calculation procedure. The maximum suppression rate output procedure is executed, and when the maximum suppression rate is output, the suppression procedure suppresses the heat load of the air conditioning equipment according to the maximum suppression rate.

  According to the present invention, when the energy supply amount to the air conditioning facility is equal to or greater than the predetermined suppression start capacity, by providing the suppression rate calculation means for calculating the suppression rate according to the energy supply amount every certain time, the air conditioning facility Since the heat load is suppressed, the energy supply amount can be prevented from exceeding the target capacity, and the contracted capacity can be observed and the energy can be saved. In the present invention, by outputting the suppression rate in stages, it is possible to prevent excessive load suppression and maintain comfortable air conditioning.

  Further, in the present invention, by increasing the suppression rate every certain time, the next suppression rate is output after waiting for a certain time from the immediately preceding suppression rate output, so that stable thermal load suppression control is realized. Can do.

  In the present invention, when the amount of energy supplied to the air conditioning equipment exceeds the target capacity, the maximum suppression rate output means for outputting the maximum suppression rate is provided, so that it is possible to reliably prevent an unexpected increase in heat load. It is possible to perform load suppression control.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a configuration of an air conditioning facility according to an embodiment of the present invention.
In FIG. 1, 1 is a heat exchanger that receives a heat medium such as cold water, steam, and hot water from a DHC system (heat supply equipment) (not shown), 2 is a reception control valve that controls the amount of heat medium received, and 3 is a heat exchanger. 1 is a sensor for measuring the temperature (or flow rate) of cold water or hot water on the secondary side of 1, 4 is a controller for controlling the reception control valve 2, 5 is an air conditioner, 6 is an outside air damper for controlling the introduction amount of outside air OA, 7 Is a return air damper that controls the amount of return air RA introduced, 8 is a coil that cools or heats air with cold or hot water sent from the heat exchanger 1, 9 is a fan that sends air cooled or heated by the coil 8, 10 is an air conditioner control valve for controlling the flow rate of cold water or hot water sent from the heat exchanger 1, 11 is a room to be air-conditioned, 12 is a temperature sensor for measuring the temperature of the room 11, and 13 is CO ₂ of the room 11. Measure concentration O ₂ concentration sensor, 14 a controller for controlling the damper 6, 7 and the air conditioner control valve 10, 15 is a central monitoring system for monitoring the overall air conditioning facilities, 16 measures the temperature of the heating medium supplied from the DHC system temperature Sensor, 17 is a flow sensor that measures the flow rate of the heat medium, 18 is a temperature sensor that measures the temperature of the heat medium that returns to the DHC system, 19 is an exhaust damper that controls the amount of exhaust EA, 20 is a humidifier, and 21 is a humidifier. A humidifying valve 22 for controlling the flow rate of cold water or hot water sent to the vessel 20 is a humidity sensor for measuring the humidity of the living room 11. The controllers 4 and 14 and the central monitoring device 15 constitute an air conditioning equipment operation control device that controls the air conditioning equipment.

  Next, the operation of the air conditioning equipment of FIG. 1 will be described. First, a heat medium such as cold water, steam, or hot water is supplied from the DHC system (not shown) to the primary side of the heat exchanger 1. The heat exchanger 1 cools or heats the water on the secondary side with this heat medium. Here, the sensor 3 measures the temperature (or flow rate) of cold water or hot water on the secondary side sent out from the heat exchanger 1. And the controller 4 feedback-controls the opening degree of the reception control valve 2 so that the temperature (or flow rate) of cold water or hot water becomes a predetermined cold / hot water temperature setting value (or cold / hot water flow rate setting value).

  Cold water or hot water sent out from the heat exchanger 1 is supplied to the coil 8 of the air conditioner 5 through the air conditioner control valve 10. The coil 8 cools or heats the outside air OA and the return air RA with this cold water or hot water. Cold water or hot water used in the coil 8 is returned to the heat exchanger 1. Further, the cold water or the hot water sent out from the heat exchanger 1 is supplied to the humidifier 20 through the humidification valve 21. The humidifier 20 controls the humidity of the supply air SA cooled or heated by the coil 8 by creating a water spray state. The supply air SA cooled or heated by the coil 8 and humidified by the humidifier 20 is sent out to the living room 11 by the fan 9. Part of the air in the living room 11 is returned to the air conditioner 5 as return air RA.

Temperature sensor 12 measures the temperature of the room 11, the CO ₂ concentration sensor 13, the CO ₂ concentration in the room 11 is measured, the humidity sensor 22 measures the humidity of the room 11. Then, the controller 14, the temperature and CO ₂ concentration in the room 11 is such that each becomes a predetermined set value, feedback control of the opening degree of the opening and the outside air damper 6 of the air conditioner control valve 10. Moreover, the controller 14 feedback-controls the opening degree of the humidification valve 21 so that the humidity of the living room 11 becomes a predetermined humidity set value.

Next, the thermal demand control of this Embodiment applied to the air conditioning equipment of FIG. 1 is demonstrated. FIG. 2 is a flowchart showing the flow of the thermal demand control process of the present embodiment, and FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing a configuration example of the central monitoring device 15.
The central monitoring device 15 includes a load heat quantity measuring unit 150, a smoothing processing unit 151, a suppression rate calculation unit 152, a maximum suppression rate output unit 153, and a suppression rate output reset unit 154.

The central monitoring device 15 performs the processing of FIG. 2 at regular operation intervals. First, the load heat quantity measuring means 150 of the central monitoring device 15 measures the instantaneous value of the load heat quantity of the air conditioning equipment of FIG. 1 (step S1 in FIG. 2). The temperature Tr of the heat medium supplied from the DHC system is measured by the temperature sensor 16, and the flow rate F of the heat medium is measured by the flow rate sensor 17. Further, the temperature Ts of the heat medium returning to the DHC system is measured by the temperature sensor 18. These measurement data are sent to the central monitoring device 15 through the controller 4. The load heat quantity measuring means 150 calculates an instantaneous value Q of the load heat quantity from the temperature data and flow rate data of the heat medium as shown in the following equation.
Q = F × (Tr−Ts) × λ (1)
In the formula (1), λ is a specific heat.

  Subsequently, the smoothing processing unit 151 smoothes the instantaneous value Q of the load heat amount measured by the load heat amount measuring unit 150 (step S2). Since the instantaneous value Q of the load heat amount varies greatly, the instantaneous value is smoothed before the subsequent processing. As the smoothing processing, there are arithmetic processing using a first-order lag filter and moving average arithmetic processing. In the calculation process by the first-order lag filter, the smooth value of the load heat amount is calculated by the previous value and the current value of the load heat amount and a preset smoothing coefficient. In the moving average calculation process, the moving average value of the load heat quantity for the past n minutes (for example, n = 1 to 10) is calculated as a smooth value.

  Next, the suppression rate calculation means 152 determines whether or not the load heat amount that has been smoothed is equal to or less than a target capacity (contract capacity) that indicates the maximum load heat amount that can be used in the air conditioning equipment (step S3). In the following processing, since the load heat amount that has been smoothed is used, the load heat amount that has been smoothed is simply referred to as load heat amount. When the load heat quantity is equal to or less than the target capacity (determination YES in step S3), the suppression rate calculation means 152 determines whether the load heat quantity is equal to or greater than a preset suppression start capacity (suppression start heat quantity) (step S4). The suppression start capacity is set to a value lower than the target capacity. For example, the suppression start capacity is set to about 80% to 90% of the target capacity.

  When the load heat amount becomes equal to or greater than the suppression start capacity in step S4, the suppression rate calculation unit 152 increases the operation interval count by 1 (step S6). The initial value of the operation interval count is zero. After counting up the operation interval count, the suppression rate calculation means 152 determines whether or not the operation interval count value has reached a certain value (step S7). If the operation interval count value has not reached a certain value (determination NO in step S7), the previously output suppression rate is continuously output, and the process of FIG. However, if the previous suppression rate is 0%, the determination is YES in step S7 regardless of the operation interval count value, and the process proceeds to step S8.

  When the state where the load heat amount is equal to or greater than the suppression start capacity continues, the operation interval count value is counted up one after another by repeating the processing of FIG. 2, and eventually reaches a certain value. When the operation interval count value reaches a certain value (determination YES in step S7), the inhibition rate calculation means 152 resets the operation interval count value to 0 (step S8), and calculates the inhibition rate according to the load heat amount. (Step S9).

Here, a method for calculating the suppression rate will be described. The suppression rate calculation means 152 calculates the step width (upper limit value to be output at a time) when outputting the suppression rate according to the following formula using the preset maximum suppression rate and the number of setbacks.
Step width = maximum suppression rate / setback frequency (2)
The number of setbacks in equation (2) is the number of times to determine how many times the suppression rate is output. For example, if the temperature set value is relaxed by 2 ° C. at the maximum, the setting of how many times the 2 ° C. is relaxed becomes the setback frequency. When the number of setbacks is set to 2 times, the temperature is relaxed by 2 ° C. by 2 times at 1 ° C.

  Then, the suppression rate calculation unit 152 sets a value that is an integer multiple of the step width as the suppression rate according to the current output count of the suppression rate. For example, when the maximum suppression rate is 100% and the number of setbacks is 4, that is, when the step width is 25%, the suppression rate at the first suppression rate output timing (timing at which the operation interval count value becomes a constant value) is The step width is 25% × 1 time = 25%, and the suppression rate at the second suppression rate output timing is step width 25% × 2 times = 50%, and the suppression rate at the third suppression rate output timing is step. The width 25% × 3 times = 75%, and the suppression rate at the fourth suppression rate output timing is step width 25% × 4 times = 100%. In this way, every time the operation interval count value becomes a constant value, the suppression rate according to the step width is output stepwise.

However, in calculating the suppression rate, it is necessary to determine the current suppression rate with reference to the current output suppression rate. For example, when the current suppression rate is 0%, the first suppression rate is immediately output regardless of the operation interval count value as described above. If the current suppression rate is not 0%, a value that is an integral multiple of the step width is set to exceed the current suppression rate. For example, when the current suppression rate is 43%, when the load heat amount exceeds the suppression start capacity and the suppression rate output timing comes, the current suppression rate is set to 50%. In this case, since the third suppression rate is output, the fourth suppression rate 75% is output at the next suppression rate output timing.
The suppression rate calculation means 152 outputs the suppression rate calculated as described above to the controllers 4 and 14 (step S10).

  The reason for waiting for the output of the suppression rate until the operation interval count value reaches a certain value is to wait until the effect of suppressing the thermal load by the suppression rate output immediately before is obtained. By providing an effect waiting time that is an integral multiple of the operation interval, stable thermal load suppression control can be realized.

When the suppression rate is output from the suppression rate calculation means 152 of the central monitoring device 15, the controllers 4 and 14 perform thermal load suppression control according to the suppression rate.
First, the controller 4 suppresses the opening degree of the acceptance control valve 2 according to the suppression rate output from the suppression rate calculation means 152. That is, the valve opening upper limit value set according to the suppression rate is compared with the current opening, and the smaller opening is set as the new opening. The controller 4 may relax the cold / hot water temperature setting value (or the cold / hot water flow rate setting value) according to the suppression rate. That is, in the case of cooling, the set value is increased by the set suppression rate of the maximum set value relaxation range, and in the case of heating, the set value is decreased by the suppression rate of the maximum set value relaxation range.

  On the other hand, the controller 14 suppresses the opening degree of the air conditioner control valve 10 according to the suppression rate output from the suppression rate calculation means 152. In addition, when the outside air damper 6 is a specific air damper capable of continuously controlling the opening degree, the controller 14 may suppress the opening degree of the outside air damper 6 according to the suppression rate. In the case of a two-position outside air damper that can be controlled to either the open state or the closed state, the time for the outside air damper 6 to open may be suppressed according to the suppression rate.

Moreover, the controller 14 may suppress the time for which the air conditioner 5 operates by repeating the start and stop of the air conditioner 5 (fan 9) according to the suppression rate, or humidify according to the suppression rate. It may be allowed / prohibited. Further, the controller 14 may relax the temperature setting value and the CO ₂ concentration setting value of the living room 11 according to the suppression rate. That is, in the case of cooling, the temperature set value is increased by the amount of the inhibition rate, in the case of heating, the temperature set value is decreased, and the set value is increased for the CO ₂ concentration set value.

  In this way, the heat load is suppressed. When the load heat amount is equal to or greater than the suppression start capacity, the suppression rate is output every time the operation interval count value becomes a constant value. Moreover, when load calorie | heat amount increases, the suppression rate also increases according to this. Therefore, the suppression rate increases stepwise as the load heat amount increases. The reason why the suppression rate is output stepwise is to prevent excessive load suppression.

  If the load heat quantity is lower than the suppression start capacity (determination NO in step S4), the suppression rate calculation means 152 determines whether or not a value obtained by subtracting a predetermined differential from the suppression start capacity is lower than the load heat quantity (step S5). . The differential is a set value for determining the width of the dead zone in the floating control, and is set with, for example, about 5% to 10% of the suppression start capacity. When it becomes determination YES in step S5, the suppression rate output immediately before is continuously output, and the process of FIG.

  On the other hand, when the load heat amount exceeds the target capacity (determination NO in step S3), the maximum suppression rate output means 153 outputs a predetermined maximum suppression rate to the controllers 4 and 14 regardless of the operation interval count value (step S11). ). The method for suppressing the thermal load by the controllers 4 and 14 is as described above. However, the maximum thermal load that can be performed is performed all at once, so that the thermal load can be rapidly suppressed to be lower than the target capacity.

  When the value obtained by subtracting the differential from the suppression start capacity is equal to or greater than the load heat amount (NO in step S5), the suppression rate output reset unit 154 suppresses the suppression rate output unit 153 or the maximum suppression rate output unit 153 that outputs. The rate is reset to 0 (step S12).

  As described above, in the present embodiment, since the prediction of the thermal load is not reliable, it has been noted that the actual thermal load should be extremely suppressed in order to prevent the target capacity from being exceeded. That is, in this embodiment, since the heat load of the air conditioning equipment is suppressed at the stage where the load heat amount reaches the suppression start capacity, the load heat amount can be prevented from exceeding the target capacity, thereby saving energy. Can contribute. In addition, by outputting the suppression rate in stages, it is possible to prevent excessive load suppression and maintain comfortable air conditioning, and to achieve stable thermal load suppression control by providing a certain waiting time Can do. Further, in the present embodiment, when the load heat amount exceeds the target capacity, the load suppression control can be surely performed even when the thermal load is suddenly increased by outputting the maximum suppression rate.

In the present embodiment, one air conditioner is described, but it goes without saying that the present invention can be similarly applied to a plurality of air conditioners. Further, in this embodiment, the explanation is given by taking as an example the suppression of heat demand for DHC consumers who receive heat supply from the DHC system. However, the present invention is not limited to this. The present invention may be applied to a building having a self-heating source.
Further, the flow rate F of the heat medium may be used instead of the load heat quantity Q as the energy supply quantity to be measured. In this case, the target capacity is the target flow rate, and the suppression start capacity is the suppression start flow rate.

  In addition, the central monitoring device 15 and the controllers 4 and 14 of the present embodiment can be realized by a computer having a CPU, a storage device, and an external interface, and a program for controlling these hardware resources. In such a computer, the program for realizing the thermal demand control of the present invention is provided in a state of being recorded on a recording medium such as a flexible disk, a CD-ROM, a DVD-ROM, or a memory card. The CPU writes the program read from the recording medium into the storage device, and executes the above-described processing according to the program.

  The present invention can be applied to a technique for controlling air conditioning equipment.

It is a block diagram which shows the structure of the air conditioning equipment which concerns on embodiment of this invention. It is a flowchart which shows the flow of a process of the heat demand control of embodiment of this invention. It is a block diagram which shows the structural example of the central monitoring apparatus in the air conditioning equipment of FIG.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Heat exchanger, 2 ... Acceptance control valve, 3 ... Sensor, 4 ... Controller, 5 ... Air conditioner, 6 ... Outside air damper, 7 ... Return air damper, 8 ... Coil, 9 ... Fan, 10 ... Air conditioner control valve , 11 ... room, 12 ... temperature sensor, 13 ... CO ₂ concentration sensor, 14 ... controller, 15 ... building management system, 16, 18 ... temperature sensor, 17 ... flow sensor 19 ... exhaust damper, 20 ... humidifier, 21 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS ... Humidification valve, 22 ... Humidity sensor, 150 ... Load calorie measurement means, 151 ... Smoothing processing means, 152 ... Suppression rate calculation means, 153 ... Maximum suppression rate output means, 154 ... Suppression rate output reset means.

Claims (7)

It is an air conditioner operation control device that controls the air conditioner so that the energy supply amount to the air conditioner that operates by receiving heat supply from the heat supply facility does not exceed the target capacity indicating the maximum energy supply amount that can be supplied. And
Measuring means for measuring the amount of energy supplied from the heat supply equipment to the air conditioning equipment;
When the measured energy supply amount is greater than or equal to a predetermined suppression start capacity (suppression start capacity <target capacity), a suppression rate calculation means that calculates a suppression rate that increases stepwise according to the energy supply amount;
An air conditioner operation control apparatus comprising: a suppression unit that suppresses a thermal load of the air conditioning facility according to the suppression rate. In the air conditioning equipment operation control device according to claim 1,
The air conditioning equipment operation control device, wherein the suppression rate calculating means increases the suppression rate every predetermined time when the measured energy supply amount is equal to or greater than the suppression start capacity. In the air conditioning equipment operation control device according to claim 1 or 2,
Furthermore, when the measured energy supply amount exceeds the target capacity, it comprises a maximum suppression rate output means for outputting a predetermined maximum suppression rate,
The said control means suppresses the thermal load of the said air-conditioning equipment according to this maximum suppression rate, when the said maximum suppression rate is output, The air-conditioning equipment operation control apparatus characterized by the above-mentioned. In the air-conditioning equipment operation control device according to any one of claims 1 to 3,
The energy supply amount is a load heat amount of the air conditioning equipment or a flow rate of a heat medium supplied from the heat supply equipment to the air conditioning equipment. This is an air conditioner operation control method for controlling the air conditioner so that the energy supply amount to the air conditioner that operates by receiving heat supply from the heat supply facility does not exceed the target capacity indicating the maximum energy supply amount that can be supplied. And
A measurement procedure for measuring an energy supply amount from the heat supply facility to the air conditioning facility;
When the measured energy supply amount is equal to or greater than a predetermined suppression start capacity (suppression start capacity <target capacity), a suppression rate calculation procedure for calculating a suppression rate that increases stepwise according to the energy supply amount;
An air conditioning equipment operation control method comprising repeatedly executing a restraining procedure for restraining a heat load of the air conditioning equipment according to the restraining rate. In the air-conditioning equipment operation control method according to claim 5,
The air conditioning equipment operation control method characterized in that the restraint rate calculation procedure increases the restraint rate at regular intervals when the measured energy supply amount is equal to or greater than the restraint start capacity. In the air-conditioning equipment operation control method according to claim 5 or 6,
Furthermore, before the suppression rate calculation procedure, when the measured energy supply amount exceeds the target capacity, a maximum suppression rate output procedure for outputting a predetermined maximum suppression rate,
The said suppression procedure suppresses the thermal load of the said air conditioning equipment according to this maximum suppression rate, when the said maximum suppression rate is output, The air-conditioning equipment operation control method characterized by the above-mentioned.

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