JP2008151175A - Multiple cone type synchronizing device - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a multiple cone type synchronizing device capable of reducing sliding resistance during idling on sliding surfaces between links, and between an inner ring and a gear piece. <P>SOLUTION: In the multiple cone type synchronizing device 1 including a shaft 2, a clutch hub 3, a gear 4, the gear piece 5 connected to the gear 4 rotatably as one unit, an outer ring 6 arranged between the clutch hub 3 and the gear piece 5, a tapered cone clutch comprising a middle link 7 and the inner ring 8, and a sleeve 9, shapes of a middle claw part 73 connecting the middle ring 7 to the gear piece 5 and a connecting part 53 having a middle claw part 73 of the gear piece 5 engaged therewith are inclined in relation to an axial direction, and an axial interval between the clutch hub 3 and the outer ring 6 is wide enough for the outer ring 6 to move to the clutch hub 3 side. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2008,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a multi-cone synchronizer used in a manual transmission used in an automobile.

  The automobile is provided with a transmission for converting engine power according to driving conditions and taking it out. There are gear type and belt type transmissions, and gear type transmissions with little power transmission loss are often used. A gear-type manual transmission has a multi-stage transmission gear train, and by operating the shift lever, the gear train is switched and the gears of each gear are engaged, so that the engine power can be adjusted to the driving conditions. In response, it is converted and extracted. The transmission is provided with a synchronization device in order to quickly and easily change gears when changing gear meshing. As a synchronization device, for example, Patent Document 1 and Patent Document 2 disclose an outer ring and an inner ring having a cone surface (taper surface), and a middle ring having a taper surface that is between them and is in sliding contact with the taper surface. And a multi-cone synchronizer configured as described above. Such a multi-cone synchronizer basically forms a tapered cone clutch comprising an outer ring, a middle ring and an inner ring between a clutch hub and a gear which are assembled on a shaft so as to be rotatable relative to each other. . In general, the outer ring and the inner ring are integrally connected to the clutch hub so as to be rotatable, and the middle ring is rotatably connected to the gear so as to be freely movable in the axial direction. This multi-cone synchronizer has a plurality of tapered surfaces (sliding surfaces) that are brought into sliding contact with each other, so that the frictional force for synchronization is large and functions as a synchronizing device that can obtain a strong synchronizing action. However, since the sliding contact surface between the rings and the gap between the ring and the clutch hub or gear (gear piece) are very small, dragging occurs between them when the transmission of power is cut off, and the transmission This is a factor that decreases transmission efficiency and deteriorates fuel consumption.

In Patent Document 3, a recess and a V-shaped groove are formed in the inner peripheral surface of the opposed clutch hub in the outer sliding contact surface of the outer ring, and a steel ball is slidably accommodated in the concave portion. A V-shaped groove is formed on the contact surface and a recess is formed on the inner peripheral surface of the opposing clutch hub so that the steel ball can be freely protruded, and a V-shaped and opposing gear (gear piece) is formed on the inner peripheral surface of the middle ring A recess is formed to accommodate the steel ball so that it can project freely, and when centrifugal force acts on the steel ball during idle rotation, the ball enters a V-shaped groove, and each ring has a ring, a clutch hub, A mechanism is disclosed in which the gear (gear piece) is maintained at a position that does not contact the sliding contact surface.
JP-A-11-280786 JP 2000-110848 A JP 2000-97251 A

  In Patent Document 3, since the recess and the V-shaped groove must be provided in the clutch hub, the gear (gear piece), and the ring, it takes time to create parts and the number of parts increases. In addition, while the centrifugal force is acting on the ball, the action of pulling the sliding contact surface continues to be applied. Therefore, there is a possibility that the operation force is increased when the gear is connected, and it is not possible to synchronize more quickly than before.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and provides a multi-cone synchronizer capable of reducing sliding resistance during free-spinning between the rings and the sliding contact surfaces between the inner ring and the gear piece with a simple shape. The purpose is to provide.

The multi-cone synchronizer of the present invention includes a shaft,
A clutch hub fixed on the shaft and having engagement teeth on the outer peripheral side;
A gear rotatably held on the shaft;
A gear piece located on the clutch hub side and coupled to the gear and having engagement teeth on the outer peripheral side;
An outer ring that is coaxial with the shaft and has a cone-shaped inner peripheral surface that engages the clutch hub with the clutch hub side and has an engagement tooth on the outer peripheral side and a small diameter on the clutch hub side; An inner ring having a cone-shaped outer peripheral surface that engages with the clutch hub side of the outer ring and has a small diameter on the clutch hub side, and a gear piece side engages with the gear piece and is in sliding contact with the inner peripheral surface of the outer ring. A tapered cone clutch comprising: a cone-shaped outer peripheral surface having a small diameter on the hub side, and a middle ring having a cone-shaped inner peripheral surface in sliding contact with the outer peripheral surface of the inner ring and the clutch hub side having a small diameter;
A sleeve that has engagement teeth that engage with the engagement teeth of the clutch hub, the engagement teeth of the outer ring, and the engagement teeth of the gear piece, and that is slidably held in the clutch hub; Have
The clutch hub, the outer ring, and the gear piece are integrated by sliding the sleeve in the axial direction, and the clutch hub and the gear piece are coupled to synchronize the rotation of the clutch hub and the gear.

  In the multi-cone synchronizer of the present invention that solves the above-described problem, the contact surface of the claw portion that connects the middle ring to the gear piece and the contact surface of the connection portion that engages the middle ring of the gear piece are The middle ring is an inclined surface that is inclined in a direction in which the middle ring is pushed toward the clutch hub, and the axial distance between the clutch hub and the outer ring in the axial direction of the middle ring corresponds to the movement of the middle ring toward the clutch hub. The outer ring has a sufficient axial interval that can be moved by being pushed toward the clutch hub.

  In the multi-cone synchronizer of the present invention, the contact surface of the claw portion of the middle ring that engages the gear piece and the middle ring and the contact surface of the connection portion of the gear piece that contacts the same are in the same direction with respect to the axial direction. It is inclined to. The contact surface is inclined with respect to the rotation direction of the gear piece and can be a flat surface or an arc surface. As a result, in the claw portion of the gear piece that rotates along with the rotation of the gear piece, the abutment surface of the claw portion receives a rotational force from the abutment surface of the coupling portion of the gear piece and is perpendicular to the inclined surface as a reaction force thereto. Since the component and the tilt direction component are generated, the middle ring moves toward the clutch hub along the tilt. By moving the middle ring along the inclination from the gear piece side to the clutch hub side, the middle ring cone surface is separated from the inner ring cone surface, and the inner ring is not pressed against the gear piece by the middle ring. The sliding contact surface (cone surface) is not contacted, and the sliding resistance is reduced. Since the middle ring moves to the clutch hub side, the axial distance between the outer ring and the clutch hub is smaller than the axial distance between the middle ring and the clutch hub in order to avoid contact with the sliding contact surface with the outer ring. By securing a large width, the outer ring can move toward the clutch hub. As a result, when the middle ring moves from the gear piece side to the clutch hub side, the sliding resistance on the sliding contact surface between the inner ring and the gear piece is reduced, and the outer ring is clutched even if the middle ring moves to the clutch hub side. Since there is a margin (interval) to escape to the hub side, the sliding resistance generated on the sliding contact surface at the time of idle rotation can be reduced, the deterioration of the efficiency can be suppressed, and seizure due to contact is less likely to occur.

  The shapes of the connecting portion and the claw portion used in the multi-cone synchronizer according to the present invention can be narrowed toward the gear piece side.

  According to the multi-cone synchronizer of the present invention, since the middle ring first moves from the gear piece side to the clutch hub side, the inner ring is not pressed against the gear piece. Thereby, the sliding resistance by the contact in the sliding contact surface (cone surface) of an inner ring and a gear piece reduces. Next, when the middle ring moves to the clutch hub side, it tends to come into contact with the outer ring. By increasing the axial distance between the outer ring and the clutch hub, the outer ring can be moved to the clutch hub side. Avoid by providing a margin. Therefore, the contact at the sliding contact surface between the middle ring and the outer ring is unlikely to occur. As a result, the shape of the middle ring claw and gear piece connecting part is inclined with respect to the axial direction, and the axial distance between the clutch hub and the outer ring is widened. It is possible to reduce the sliding resistance at the time of rolling on the contact surface, to suppress the deterioration of efficiency and to suppress the occurrence of seizure due to the contact.

  Hereinafter, the multi-cone synchronizer according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to an embodiment as a component of a transmission used to transmit the power of an automobile engine to drive wheels.

(Example)
FIG. 1 shows a partial cross-sectional view of the multi-cone synchronizer of this embodiment, and FIG. 2 shows an enlarged cross-sectional view of some of its components.

  As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the multi-cone synchronizer 1 of this embodiment includes a shaft 2, a clutch hub 3 fixed on the shaft 2, and a gear 4 rotatably held on the shaft 2. A gear piece 5 positioned on the clutch hub 3 side and rotatably coupled to the gear 4, a tapered cone clutch disposed between the clutch hub 3 and the gear 4, and a shaft on the outer periphery of the clutch hub 3 And a sleeve 9 slidably mounted in the direction.

  The clutch hub 3 has engaging teeth (not shown) on the outer peripheral side, and a step is provided on the surface with respect to the tapered cone clutch so that the axial distance to the outer ring 6 is wider than the distance to the middle ring 7. ing.

  The gear 4 is rotatably held on the shaft via a bearing 41.

  The gear piece 5 has a cone-shaped outer peripheral surface 51 formed on the clutch hub 3 side in the axial direction, and engagement teeth 52 formed on the outer periphery on the gear 4 side in the axial direction. A coupling portion 53 that is coupled to the middle ring 7 is formed on the clutch hub 3 side. As shown in FIG. 3, the connecting portion 53 has a notch-like shape into which the middle claw portion 73 of the middle ring 7 is inserted at the outer periphery at equal intervals, and the contact surface 531 is an axial clutch hub. It is formed to expand toward the 3 side. FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the gear piece 5 and the middle claw portion 73 as seen from the clutch hub 3 side. As shown in FIG. 4, the connecting portion 53 may be provided with three holes whose diameters expand toward the clutch hub 3 side at equal intervals.

  As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the taper cone clutch includes an outer ring 6, a middle ring 7, and an inner ring 8. The outer ring 6 and the inner ring 8 are connected to the clutch hub 3 so as to be integrally rotatable, and the middle ring 7 is located between the outer ring 6 and the inner ring 8 and is connected to the gear 4 via the gear piece 5 so as to be integrally rotatable. ing. As shown in FIG. 2, the outer ring 6 has outer engagement teeth 61 on the outer periphery, and is formed with a cone-shaped inner peripheral surface 62 with a reduced diameter on the clutch hub side. The outer ring 6 has three outer connecting portions 63 for engaging with the inner claw portions 81 of the inner ring 8 at equal intervals. Further, the outer ring 6 has an outer chamfer 64 that meshes with the sleeve chamfer 91 of the sleeve 9 when the sleeve 9 moves to the axial gear 4 side and connects the clutch hub 3 and the gear piece 5. Next, the middle ring 7 includes a cone-shaped outer peripheral surface 71 that is in sliding contact with the cone-shaped inner peripheral surface 61 of the outer ring 6, a cone-shaped inner peripheral surface 72 on the inner peripheral surface, and a middle claw portion 73 that engages with the gear piece 5. And have. As shown in FIG. 3, the middle pawl portion 73 is formed at three positions at equal intervals so as to protrude toward the gear piece 5, and the contact surface 74 of the tip portion thereof is the contact surface of the connecting portion 53 of the gear piece 5. Like 531, it is formed so as to expand toward the clutch hub 3 side. The inner ring 8 has a cone-shaped outer peripheral surface 82 that is in sliding contact with the cone-shaped inner peripheral surface 72 of the middle ring 7, and a cone-shaped inner peripheral surface 83 that is in sliding contact with the cone-shaped outer peripheral surface 51 of the gear piece 5.

  The sleeve 9 has engagement teeth (not shown) that engage with the outer engagement teeth 61 of the outer ring 6 and the engagement teeth 52 of the gear piece 5, and is connected to the clutch hub 3 via a key 92 located on the inner peripheral side. Are held slidable in the axial direction.

  The basic operation of the multi-cone synchronizer 1 of this embodiment will be briefly described. When synchronizing the rotation of the shaft 2 and the gear 4, the sleeve 9 moves to the axial gear piece 5 side. This movement is performed based on an operation of a shift lever (not shown) connected to the shift fork by engaging a shift fork (not shown) with a circumferential groove 93 formed on the outer periphery of the sleeve 9. . Due to the movement of the sleeve 9, first, a frictional force is generated between the sleeve 9 and the outer chamfer 91 on the inner peripheral side of the sleeve 9 and the outer chamfer 64 of the outer ring 6. Then, the rotation of the shaft 2 is transmitted to the gear piece 5 (gear 4) via the tapered cone clutch. When the rotational difference between the sleeve 9 and the gear piece 5 disappears, the sleeve 9 further moves to the gear piece 5 side while pushing the outer ring 6 apart, and after sliding contact with the chamfer 521 of the engagement tooth 52 of the gear piece 5, The engagement teeth and the engagement teeth 52 of the gear piece 5 are completely engaged with each other, and the synchronization operation is completed.

  When the multi-cone synchronizer 1 of this embodiment is not performing the above-described synchronization operation, each of the rings 6, 7 and 8 of the tapered cone clutch is in an idle state, and the outer ring 6, the inner ring 8 and the middle ring 7 Has a relative rotation. The middle ring 7 has a middle claw 73 engaged with a connecting portion 53 of the gear piece 5. As shown in FIG. 5, the contact surface 74 of the middle claw portion 73 and the contact surface 531 of the connection portion 53 are tapered so that the middle claw portion 73 is fitted into the connection portion 53. It forms a slope. FIG. 5 is a view of the coupling portion viewed from the radially outer side, where the vertical direction in the figure is the rotational direction, the left side is the clutch hub 3 side, and the right side is the gear 4 side. In FIG. 4, when the gear piece 5 is rotating from the top to the bottom, the middle ring 7 is similarly rotated from the top to the bottom. On the other hand, the inner ring 8 having the cone-shaped outer peripheral surface 82 facing the cone-shaped inner peripheral surface 72 of the middle ring 7 is not rotated in the same manner as the middle ring 7 but is relatively rotated. Therefore, the middle ring 7 is dragged from the bottom to the top in the figure.

  However, the middle ring 7 and the gear piece 5 used in the multi-cone synchronizer 1 of the present embodiment have a tapered shape in which the shape of the connecting portion expands toward the clutch hub 3 side, so that the middle ring 7 is dragged. In this case, the middle ring 7 moves to the axial clutch hub 3 side. Thereby, since the middle ring 7 and the inner ring 8 can be rotated relative to each other while maintaining an appropriate distance, dragging is suppressed. Incidentally, the shape of the conventional connecting portion is a shape that is perpendicular to the rotational direction, as shown in FIG. Therefore, when drag resistance is generated, there is no means that can be avoided, which causes the efficiency of the synchronization device to deteriorate.

  When the middle ring 7 moves to the clutch hub 3 side, the distance between the cone-shaped outer peripheral surface 71 of the middle ring 7 and the cone-shaped inner peripheral surface 62 of the outer ring 6 is reduced, but the multi-cone synchronizer of the present embodiment. The clutch hub 3 used in No. 1 is formed so that the distance to the outer ring 6 is increased in the axial direction, so that the outer ring 6 can move to the clutch hub 3 side. Thereby, the space | interval of the outer ring 6 and the middle ring 7 is maintained, sliding resistance is hard to generate | occur | produce between the cone-shaped inner peripheral surface 62 and the cone-shaped outer peripheral surface 71, and baking by contact is also hard to occur. Become.

  Further, since the middle ring 7 moves to the axial clutch hub 3 side, the inner ring 8 can be kept at an appropriate interval without being pressed against the gear piece 5 side, so that the cone-shaped outer peripheral surface 82 and the cone of the gear piece 5 can be maintained. The occurrence of sliding resistance with the outer peripheral surface 51 can be suppressed.

  Therefore, according to the multi-cone synchronizer 1 of the present embodiment, it is possible to reduce the sliding resistance during free rotation on the sliding contact surface between the rings and between the inner ring and the gear piece with a simple shape. Also, the occurrence of baking can be suppressed.

  As mentioned above, although the suitable Example of this invention was described, this invention is not limited to the said Example. For example, although the triple cone has been described as the multi-cone synchronizer 1, it can also be used for a double cone.

1 is a partial cross-sectional view of a multi-cone synchronizer 1 of the present embodiment. It is sectional drawing to which the one part component of the multi-cone type synchronizer 1 of a present Example was expanded. It is the figure which looked at the gear piece 5 used for the multi-cone type synchronizer 1 of a present Example from the clutch hub 3 side. It is a deformation | transformation type figure of the gear piece 5 used for the multi-cone type synchronizer 1 of a present Example. It is sectional drawing which looked at the gear piece 5 and the middle nail | claw part 73 of FIG.1 and FIG.2 from the radial direction outer peripheral side. It is sectional drawing which looked at the conventional gear piece 5 and the middle nail | claw part 73 from the radial direction outer peripheral side.

Explanation of symbols

1: Multi-cone synchronizer 2: Shaft 3: Clutch hub 4: Gear 5: Gear piece 6: Outer ring 7: Middle ring 8: Inner ring 9: Sleeve 41: Bearings 51, 71, 82: Cone-shaped outer peripheral surface 52: Engagement tooth 53: Connection part 61: Outer engagement teeth 62, 72, 83: Cone-shaped inner peripheral surface 63: Outer connection part 64: Outer chamfer 73: Middle claw part 74, 531: Contact surface 81: Inner claw part 91: Sleeve chamfer 92: Key 93: Circumferential groove 521: Chamfa

Claims (2)

A shaft,
A clutch hub fixed on the shaft and having engagement teeth on the outer peripheral side;
A gear rotatably held on the shaft;
A gear piece located on the clutch hub side and coupled to the gear and having engagement teeth on the outer peripheral side;
An outer ring that is coaxial with the shaft and has a cone-shaped inner peripheral surface that engages the clutch hub with the clutch hub side and has an engagement tooth on the outer peripheral side and a small diameter on the clutch hub side; An inner ring having a cone-shaped outer peripheral surface that engages with the clutch hub side of the outer ring and has a small diameter on the clutch hub side, and a gear piece side engages with the gear piece and is in sliding contact with the inner peripheral surface of the outer ring. A tapered cone clutch comprising: a cone-shaped outer peripheral surface having a small diameter on the hub side, and a middle ring having a cone-shaped inner peripheral surface in sliding contact with the outer peripheral surface of the inner ring and the clutch hub side having a small diameter;
A sleeve that has an engagement tooth that engages with the engagement tooth of the outer ring and the engagement tooth of the gear piece and that is axially slidably held by the clutch hub via a key;
A multi-cone synchronizer that synchronizes the rotation of the clutch hub and the gear by integrating the clutch hub, the outer ring, and the gear piece by sliding the sleeve in the axial direction, and coupling the clutch hub and the gear piece. In
The contact surface of the claw portion where the middle ring is connected to the gear piece and the contact surface to which the middle ring of the gear piece is engaged are inclined surfaces inclined in the direction in which the middle ring is pushed toward the clutch hub. ,
The axial distance of the shaft between the clutch hub and the outer ring is sufficient for the movement of the middle ring toward the clutch hub so that the outer ring can be pushed and moved toward the clutch hub. A multi-cone synchronizer characterized by comprising:   The multi-cone synchronizer according to claim 1, wherein the shapes of the connecting portion and the claw portion narrow toward the gear piece side.

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