JP2008147229A - Solar panel apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To solve such a problem that the conventional apparatus is not effective in collecting sunlight passing around it on the surface of a solar panel, capturing larger energy and preventing shadow on the surface of the solar panel. <P>SOLUTION: The solar panel apparatus integrally includes at least one pair or more of facing reflectors of which reflection faces are open upward and outward around the periphery of a frame of the solar panel that turns to follow the location of the sun. The angle of installation of the reflector is approx. 120 degrees from the surface of the solar panel, and the reflector covers at least a half or more of the total width of the solar panel. The reflection face of the reflector is made of rust-proofing material such as polished stainless, and perforated members may be made in the reflector if needed. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2008,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a solar panel device, and more particularly to an improvement of a solar panel device which is attached to a frame and has a mechanism for tracking at least the position of the sun and rotating in the horizontal direction.

  Conventionally, solar panels that use sunlight as a power storage and power generation device using natural energy and have assembled cells are regarded as the most popular, and the utilization rate is also large. The most efficient use of this solar panel is to set the surface of the solar panel as close as possible to the direction of sunlight, and in addition, it receives as much light as possible on the surface of the solar panel. That is.

  In view of this point, several types of solar tracking structures that track the position of the sun in the sky and rotate it horizontally in the time zone from sunrise to sunset have been disclosed. .

  In addition to this horizontal rotation, the inventor of the present invention also improved the sun height position, which was conventionally fixed artificially in advance, and automatically displaced the elevation angle along with the horizontal rotation. However, we have developed a device that can receive light at a right angle to the direction of sunlight.

However, in addition to the horizontal rotation described above, even with a structure that displaces the elevation angle, the amount of sunlight collected is limited, and only the amount of light that is directly irradiated onto the surface of the solar panel can be obtained. It was a thing.
Regarding the invention of the present application, the applicant investigated prior technical documents, but could not find any documents that seem to be related to or similar to the present invention.

  The problem to be solved by the present invention is that in the conventional solar panel device, there is a configuration that tracks the position of the sun, but solar light that passes through the periphery of the solar panel is solarized. There is no effective device that collects light on the surface of the panel, captures more energy, and does not cause shadows on the surface of the solar panel.

  In order to solve the above-described problems, the solar panel device according to the present invention has at least a reflector in a state where the reflecting surface is expanded outward and upward on the outer edge of the frame of the solar panel that rotates by tracking the position of the sun. One or more pairs are provided integrally with each other, and the above-described frame is rectangular, and two pairs of reflectors are provided opposite to each outer edge thereof.

  In addition, the solar panel device according to the present invention is characterized in that the installation angle of the reflector is approximately 120 degrees from the surface of the solar panel, and the reflector covers at least one half or more of the entire width of the solar panel. It is characterized by.

  Furthermore, the solar panel device according to the present invention is characterized in that the reflecting surface of the reflector is formed of a rust-proof material such as polished stainless steel, and the reflector is appropriately provided with a through hole. It is a feature.

  The solar panel device according to the present invention is configured as described above. Therefore, the sunlight that normally passes through the periphery of the solar panel can be reflected, and the reflected light can be received on the surface of the solar panel, improving the energy efficiency obtained by nearly 35 to 50%. be able to.

  Moreover, since the solar panel described above is rotated by tracking the position (orbit) of the sun, the reflector does not form a shadow on the surface of the solar panel, and there is no demerit. Furthermore, by adding an elevation angle tracking mechanism to the rotation of the solar panel, the correspondence of the irradiation angle of sunlight is further improved, and the light collection efficiency is also improved.

  This is realized by configuring as in the embodiment shown in the drawings.

  Next, a preferred embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a plan view showing the arrangement of reflectors in which a solar panel device according to the present invention is implemented, FIG. 2 is a view showing the reflection state of sunlight, FIG. 3 is a view showing a horizontal rotation mechanism, and FIG. 5 is a view showing the elevation angle tracking mechanism, showing the state of the southern sky position, FIG. 6 is a plan view showing the ring-shaped rail, and FIG. 7 is also showing the rotation arm and limit switch of the control system. It is a top view which shows arrangement | positioning.

  With reference to these drawings, first, a horizontal rotation mechanism of a solar panel, which is the premise of the present invention and can obtain an effect of making no shadow on the surface of the solar panel, will be described with reference to FIGS. In FIG. 3, reference numeral 1 denotes a hollow support pole. This support pole 1 is anchored through a bolt hole of a flange formed at the lower end on the foundation by hitting a foundation made of concrete on the outdoor ground surface. It is fixedly installed by bolts.

  In addition, a wind power generator can be added to the upper end of the support pole 1 described above, and in combination with a solar panel described later, it is possible to obtain electric power using natural energy.

  In the middle of the support pole 1, an elbow mounting arm 2 is integrally projected. An annular flange 3 is formed at a portion of the mounting arm 2 attached to the support pole 1, and ribs 4, 4... That reinforce the base end of the mounting arm 2 are radially provided outside the flange 3. Yes. The flange 3 is in surface contact with a receiving flange 5 provided on the outer peripheral wall surface of the support pole 1 and is fixed by a fixing means such as a bolt. The receiving flange 5 is also provided with ribs 4, 4... For reinforcing the support with the support pole 1.

  Further, a seat plate 6 is integrally provided at the tip portion bent upward at a right angle of the mounting arm 2 via reinforcing ribs 4, 4... 7 is fixed with screws via a packing. The cover 7 is provided with a through hole formed in the center of the top surface, and a cylindrical casing 8 is inserted into the through hole. An annular locking step portion 8a is integrally formed near the upper periphery of the casing 8, and is engaged with the locking step portion 8a, and the fixing flange 9 is screwed to the cover 7 via a packing from above. By doing so, the casing 8 is positioned. Reference numeral 10 denotes a window lid for opening and closing an inspection window hole in the cover 7.

  A rotating shaft 11 is inserted through the center of the casing 8 with the upper and lower ends protruding from the center. S-shaped oil seals 12, 12 are attached to the outer periphery of the upper and lower protruding portions of the rotating shaft 11, and the bearings 13, 13 are slidably contacted by bearing retainers 14, 4 at the upper and lower positions in the casing 8 to assist the rotation. ing.

  A rotary table 15 is mounted on the upper projecting end of the rotary shaft 11 in a crowned state by a cylindrical portion below the rotary table 11, and is fixed to the cylindrical portion by a screw 15 a from the side surface of the rotary shaft 11. 15 is configured to rotate in synchronization with the rotating shaft 11.

  Further, a cap cover 16 is attached to the upper surface of the cover 7 so as to correspond to the through hole and protect the mechanic from wind and rain and dust. The top surface of the cap cover 16 has a mounting flange at the lower end. The bracket 17 is fixed by inserting a screw through the mounting flange and fastening it. The bracket 17 is formed with a taper portion of approximately 45 degrees at the upper end, and the holder 19 of the solar panel 18 can be pivoted by a single pivot (panel rotational movement fulcrum) 17a at a substantially upper center position. It is supported by. A flange 19a is provided on the upper side of the holder 19, and a frame 20 to which the solar panel 18 is attached is fixed via the flange 19a.

  A roller holder 40 is attached to the lower surface of the tapered portion of the top surface of the bracket 17 on the lower surface of the frame 20, and a waterproof and rust-proof roller 41 is rotatably provided at the lower end of the roller holder 40. ing. On the other hand, 42 in the figure is a ring-shaped rail (elevation angle detection trajectory plate) provided on the upper surface of the cover 7 so as to surround the cap cover 16, and this ring-shaped rail 42 is aligned with the highest sun position in the southern sky of each region. And has an inclined shape. Further, the ring-shaped rail 42 is twisted because the roller 41 is brought into rolling contact with the inclined upper surface, so that the ring-shaped rail 42 is not a complete circular track and may be decentered and misaligned. .

  In the figure, reference numeral 43 denotes a stopper provided between the lower surface of the ring-shaped rail 42 and the upper surface of the cover 7. The stopper 43 is pivotally supported by the solar panel 18 with a single support shaft 17a, and freely pivoted in the elevation direction. Therefore, it is prevented from being blown by wind from below and rotating upward.

  On the other hand, the central portion of the large gear 21 is fitted to the lower end of the rotating shaft 11. Reference numeral 22 denotes a pressing plate for the large gear 21. The large gear 21 is meshed with a small gear 24 provided on the motor shaft of the motor 23, rotates the rotating shaft 11 while rotating at a reduced speed, transmits the rotational force, and finally rotates the solar panel 18. It becomes. Reference numeral 23 a denotes a mounting base for the motor 23.

  The rotating mechanism is provided with an encoder 25 for detecting a rotation angle attached to a small gear 24, and 26 is a high-frequency sensor corresponding to the encoder 25. The high-frequency sensor 26 is attached by a metal fitting provided on the attachment base 23a of the motor 23. In this embodiment, the metal fitting 26a is a spacer for always maintaining an appropriate distance between the attachment base 23a and the high-frequency sensor 26. It has come to be effective as well.

  Further, a brake holder 27 is fixed on the seat plate 6 described above, and a coil spring 28 is accommodated in the brake holder 27 so that the tip of the coil spring 28 is in sliding contact with the bottom surface of the large gear 21. A brake shoe 29 to be pressed is attached. Since the rotation is controlled by the brake mechanism with the large gear 21 as a disk, the accuracy as the rotation mechanism is further improved. In order to prevent rust, at least the bottom surface of the large gear 21 is subjected to a rust-proofing process or the large gear 21 itself is formed of a rust-proof metal.

  In the figure, reference numeral 30 denotes an attachment fitting fixed near the peripheral edge of the seat plate 6, and a limit switch 31 is attached to the upper surface of the attachment fitting 30. On the other hand, the base end of the rotary arm 32 is fixed to the lower surface of the presser plate 22, and a bent plate or an operating element 33 for operating the limit switch 31 is provided at the tip of the rotary arm 32. ing. That is, the rotation arm 32 rotates in synchronization with the large gear 21, and when the rotation arm 32 rotates by a certain angle, the rotation can be controlled by operating the limit switch 31.

  Further, in this embodiment, the limit switch 31 is arranged at three positions, that is, a rotation origin (0 degree) position and an end point (157.5 degrees) position of the rotation mechanism, and an origin plus 15 degrees position for emergency stop. Therefore, the malfunction is prevented and corrected when it does not operate normally.

  Here, the control system of the solar panel rotating device in the present embodiment will be described. Both the electric power by the solar panel 18 and the electric power by the wind power generation of the windmill are input to the controller, converted by the inverter, and attached to the support pole 1. It is used for the operation of the message display and other LED light emission for pilots. In addition, a part of the electric power input from the controller is secured by charging the sealed lead-acid battery, and the controller, the inverter, the lead-acid battery, etc. are grounded in the vicinity of the support pole 1 Housed in a control box.

  As for the rotation angle control of the solar panel 18, the encoder 25 is rotationally driven by the motor 23, but an origin sensor is provided on the right side and an end point sensor is provided on the left side with respect to the mounting arm 2. The time is from 6 am to 6 pm as the temporal driving range, but it is possible to make corrections in summer and winter.

  When the origin sensor and end point sensor described above are input and activated, the signals are input to the origin sensor signal generator and the angle pulse generator of the angle detection sensor (high frequency sensor 26) to generate a predetermined voltage pulse. . The rotation of the encoder 25 is sequentially detected by an angle detection sensor and input to an angle pulse generator, and the pulse signal is measured by an angle detection counter. The output from the lead storage battery is converted by an inverter and applied to the motor 23.

  The initial setting of the solar panel 18 is made by calculating the solar position at that time in latitude and longitude, and is set in accordance with the time, and the setting of time and position is completed using the time setting switch and the correction switch. The time monitoring timer is excited by a crystal oscillator. The AND of the hourly pulse signal and the hourly timer is theoretically used as a flip-flop set signal. Since the angle detection counter does not generate a pulse signal until it reaches 15 degrees that is an angle obtained by dividing 360 degrees by 24 hours, the motor 23 is driven as a normal rotation signal.

  With this normal rotation signal, the motor 23 rotates 15 degrees (one hour) and stops. At this time, power is saved without using power except for the time monitoring timer. When a signal indicating that one hour has elapsed is input from the time monitoring timer, the stepping timer becomes a set signal by AND with a time signal obtained by adding one hour to the immediately preceding time, and again rotates 15 degrees and stops.

  The above-described operation is sequentially repeated, so that the solar panel 18 rotates to the 6 o'clock position, that is, the position of the end point sensor. This end point sensor inputs the signal from the end point signal generator to the preceding AND circuit of the flip-flop as a preparation for reverse rotation, starts reverse rotation as a set signal from the stepping timer, restores to the initial origin sensor position and stops To do. At this point, the next day's sunrise will be on standby.

  Here, when the rotation arm 32 (position of the solar panel 18) cannot capture the signal at the origin (0 degree: position at 6 am), the rotation arm 32 rotates past the origin position. However, as a backup, the limit switch 31 is also provided at an angular position with 15 degrees added to the origin position, so that this can be corrected and returned to the normal position. It is possible to prevent malfunction.

  In addition, when some external force is applied to the solar panel 18 during normal operation and moved to the home side, the absolute time and the clock (time) inside the apparatus are delayed. Then, when the signal moves further and no signal is output at the 6:00 pm end point position, the operation returns to the origin at 7:00 pm in absolute time, and the origin signal is confirmed and stopped. After that, the absolute time priority processing for holding the stop until 6 am in the standby state, that is, the time difference is corrected to match the absolute time and normal operation is performed.

  The above control is also dealt with when the solar panel 18 is moved to the end point side. In this case, the internal clock progresses for one hour, but if it moves and confirms the end point signal, the operation returns to the origin point. Check the signal and stop. Then, the stop state is held until 6:00 am in absolute time, the time difference is corrected, and the system is started again.

  Further, when the operation of the solar panel 18 stops between the origin and the end point, it immediately returns to the origin at 7:00 pm in absolute time to enter a standby state, and the stopped state is maintained.

  When the solar panel 18 does not capture the end point signal and the end point has been passed, the limit switch 31 at 7:30 pm (157.5 degrees) is input, the origin is returned, and the absolute time 7 pm After that time, it waits until 6 am the next morning, and starts normal rotation at 7 am.

  On the other hand, in the solar panel device according to the present invention, two pairs of reflectors 44a, 44b, 45a, 45b, which face each other, are integrally fixed to the four outer edges of the rectangular frame 20 described above. In this embodiment, each of the reflectors 44a, 44b, 45a, 45b has a rectangular plate shape and is approximately 120 degrees from the surface of the frame 20 or the solar panel 18 attached to the frame 20. It is provided with an obtuse angle.

  Each of the reflectors 44a, 44b, 45a, 45b is formed of a rust preventive material such as polished stainless steel, and the surface is covered with tempered glass in order to protect it from damage caused by flying pebbles or the like as necessary. You can also

  As shown in FIG. 2, in addition to the sunlight irradiated from a substantially right angle direction, the reflected light from each reflector 44a, 44b, 45a, 45b is added and condensed on the surface of the solar panel 18, and the energy of the energy is collected. The increase in power will also increase the amount of power generated, and the increased amount is substantially less than the state in which the reflectors 44a, 44b, 45a, 45b do not exist and sunlight passes through the peripheral area of the solar panel 18. An increase of 35% to 45%.

  Further, the reflectors 44a, 44b, 45a, 45b may be provided with one or more through holes as a countermeasure against strong winds. Since the solar panel 18 rotates as described above, no shadow is produced on the surface of the solar panel 18 by the reflectors 44a, 44b, 45a, 45b, and there is no possibility of adverse effects.

  Furthermore, the size of the reflectors 44a, 44b, 45a, 45b may be at least one-half of the width of the frame 20 or the solar panel 18, and conversely, the pair concept is expanded to connect the reflectors in an endless manner. It is also possible to surround 18 peripheral areas.

  The solar panel device according to the present embodiment is configured as described above. In this embodiment, it is assumed that the support pole 1 is fixedly erected on the ground surface, and the solar panel 18 is horizontally rotated. However, the support pole 1 is installed in the horizontal direction and the mounting arm is not limited to this. Design changes such as standing and hanging can be made.

It is a top view which shows arrangement | positioning of the reflector which implemented the solar panel apparatus which concerns on this invention. It is a figure which shows the reflective state of sunlight. It is a figure which shows a horizontal rotation mechanism. It is a figure which shows the principal part. It is a figure which shows an elevation angle tracking mechanism and shows the state of the southern sky position. It is a top view which shows a ring-shaped rail. It is a top view which shows arrangement | positioning of the rotation arm and limit switch of a control system.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Support pole 2 Mounting arm 3 Flange 4 Reinforcement rib 5 Receiving flange 6 Seat plate 7 Cover 8 Casing 9 Fixing flange 10 Window lid 11 Rotating shaft 12 Oil seal 13 Bearing 14 Bearing retainer 15 Rotary table 16 Cap cover 17 Bracket 18 Solar panel 19 Holder 20 Frame 21 Large gear 22 Presser plate 23 Motor 24 Small gear 25 Encoder 26 High frequency sensor 27 Brake holder 28 Coil spring 29 Brake shoe 30 Mounting bracket 31 Limit switch 32 Rotating arm 33 Operating element 40 Roller holder 41 Roller 42 Ring-shaped rail 43 Stopper 44a Reflector 44b Reflector 45a Reflector 45b Reflector

Claims (6)

  A solar that is provided with at least one pair of reflectors opposed to each other on the outer edge of the frame of the solar panel that rotates by tracking the position of the sun with the reflecting surface expanded outward and upward. Panel device.   2. The solar panel device according to claim 1, wherein the frame has a rectangular shape and includes two pairs of reflectors opposed to each outer edge thereof.   The solar panel device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the installation angle of the reflector is approximately 120 degrees from the surface of the solar panel.   4. The solar panel device according to claim 1, wherein the reflector covers at least one half or more of the entire width of the solar panel. 5.   5. The solar panel device according to claim 1, wherein the reflecting surface of the reflector is made of a rust preventive material such as polished stainless steel.   The solar panel device according to claim 1, 2, 3, 4, or 5, wherein a through hole is appropriately formed in the reflector.

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