JP2008138564A - Engine exhaust system provided with dpf device - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an exhaust system provided with a DPF device (diesel particulate filter device) reducing exhaust gas resistance to reduce fuel consumption of an engine and providing improved durability of the DPF device, by accurately controlling the amount of exhaust gas passing through a DPF by a widespread control factors such as exhaust gas temperatures in an inlet and an outlet of the DPF and the temperature of the DPF itself, and the operation of the DPF. <P>SOLUTION: In the engine provided with in an exhaust passage the black smoke removing device (DPF) for catching solid emissions such as soot in exhaust gas, the exhaust system is provided with a DPF bypass passage branched from the upstream part of the black smoke removing device in the exhaust passage and connected to the downstream part of the black smoke removing device, a DPF bypass valve opening/closing the DPF bypass passage and regulating the area of the passage, and a controller having a DPF bypass valve opening map that an engine speed and an appropriate opening of the DPF bypass valve with respect to engine load are set and calculating the appropriate opening of the DPF bypass valve from the DPF bypass valve opening map based on the detected values of the engine speed and engine load. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2008,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to an exhaust system for an engine provided with a black smoke removing device, that is, a DPF (diesel particulate filter), for capturing solid emissions such as soot in exhaust gas in an exhaust passage from the engine.

In an exhaust system of a diesel engine, a reduction catalytic converter and an oxidation catalytic converter are disposed in an exhaust passage from the engine, and a black smoke removing apparatus or DPF (diesel particulates) that captures solid emissions such as soot in exhaust gas upstream of these. An exhaust gas purification system having a filter is often used.
FIG. 10 shows a conventional example of an exhaust gas purification system in such an exhaust device for a diesel engine. In FIG. 10, the engine 1 is supplied with air supply from a supercharger (not shown) through an air supply passage 7, and the exhaust gas after combustion by the air supply and fuel passes through an exhaust passage to a DPF (diesel particulate filter) 2. The DPF 2 captures solid discharge such as soot in the exhaust gas.
The exhaust gas from which the soot has been removed by the DPF 2 is mixed with urea for promoting the reduction action from the urea injection system 5, NOx is removed by the reduction catalytic converter 3, and then HC, CO, etc. are removed by the oxidation catalytic converter 4. After that, it is discharged into the atmosphere.

As shown in FIG. 10, the technology of Patent Document 1 (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2002-349241) is provided as one of engine exhaust devices in which a DPF, a reduction catalytic converter, and an oxidation catalytic converter are installed in an exhaust passage. ing.
Further, in the technique of Patent Document 2 (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2003-286834), a DPF (diesel particulate filter) with a catalyst is provided in the exhaust passage, and the bypass exhaust passage bypassing the DPF and the engine operating conditions are used. A DPF bypass valve that opens and closes the bypass exhaust passage is provided.

JP 2002-349241 A JP 2003-286834 A

In the exhaust system for an engine in which the DPF 2, the reduction catalytic converter 3, and the oxidation catalytic converter 4 are installed in the exhaust passage 6 as shown in FIG. 10, the DPF 2 and the reduction catalytic converter having a large flow resistance in the exhaust passage 6. 3 and the oxidation catalytic converter 4 are arranged in series, so that the pressure loss of the exhaust system is large, which is one of the causes of deterioration of the fuel consumption (fuel consumption rate) of the engine.
In particular, in the DPF, when solid discharge such as soot (hereinafter collectively referred to as soot) accumulates, the pressure loss increases and the fuel consumption (fuel consumption rate) deteriorates significantly. Generally, means for regenerating the DPF by raising the exhaust gas temperature and burning the soot by a method of causing the exhaust gas to be injected into the exhaust gas, or a method of injecting after-fuel into the exhaust gas is employed.
However, with such means for increasing the exhaust temperature, when the combustion amount of soot is excessive or the combustion speed is excessive, the capacity of the air filter and the supercharger is reduced, and the engine air amount is reduced. As a result, the exhaust temperature may rise excessively, resulting in melting of the DPF.

  In the technique disclosed in Patent Document 2 (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2003-286834), a DPF with a catalyst is provided in an exhaust passage, and a bypass exhaust passage that bypasses the DPF and a DPF bypass valve that opens and closes the bypass exhaust passage are provided. Then, the bypass exhaust passage is opened and closed according to engine operating conditions such as engine load, and the exhaust gas flow rate flowing through the DPF can be adjusted by adjusting the opening of the DPF bypass valve. Excessive rise can be avoided to some extent.

However, in the technique of Patent Document 2, when the exhaust temperature downstream of the DPF with the catalyst is equal to or lower than a predetermined value, the exhaust gas flow rate to the DPF with the catalyst is decreased based on the detected values of the engine load and the exhaust temperature. When the engine load is less than a predetermined value, after reducing the exhaust gas flow rate to the DPF, if the engine load exceeds the predetermined value, the control is performed to increase the exhaust gas flow rate to the DPF. No means is disclosed for controlling the exhaust gas amount passing through the DPF and the operation of the DPF with high accuracy by a wide range of control factors such as engine operating conditions such as engine load, exhaust temperature of the DPF inlet / outlet, and temperature of the DPF itself.
Have problems to be solved.

  In view of the problems of the prior art, the present invention precisely sets the optimal relationship between engine operating conditions such as engine speed, engine load, etc., soot removal function and pressure loss in the DPF, as well as the exhaust temperature of the DPF inlet / outlet, the DPF itself DPF device that can control the exhaust gas amount passing through the DPF and the operation of the DPF with high accuracy by a wide range of control factors such as the temperature of the engine, reduce the exhaust resistance, reduce the fuel consumption of the engine, and improve the durability of the DPF device It is an object of the present invention to provide an exhaust system for an engine equipped with the above.

The present invention achieves such an object. In an engine provided with a black smoke removal device (DPF) for capturing solid emissions such as soot in exhaust gas in an exhaust passage from the engine, the black smoke removal in the exhaust passage is achieved. A DPF bypass passage branched from the upstream portion of the apparatus and connected to the downstream portion of the black smoke removing device, a DPF bypass valve for opening and closing the DPF bypass passage and adjusting the passage area, and for engine speed and engine load An appropriate opening degree of the DPF bypass valve is calculated from the DPF bypass valve opening degree map based on the detected value of the engine speed and the engine load by providing a DPF bypass valve opening degree map in which the appropriate opening degree of the DPF bypass valve is set. It is characterized by having a controller.
In this invention, preferably, the DPF bypass valve opening degree map includes a relationship between the engine speed and the engine load and the soot discharge amount of the engine, and an opening condition of the DPF bypass valve according to the soot discharge amount. The controller is configured to open the DPF bypass valve when the soot discharge amount becomes equal to or less than the soot discharge amount that is a condition for opening the DPF bypass valve at the engine speed and the engine load.

According to this invention, in the controller, the relationship between the engine speed and the engine load and the soot discharge amount of the engine, and the open / close conditions of the DPF bypass passage of the DPF bypass valve due to the soot discharge amount are optimized by simulation calculation or experiment. Using the DPF bypass valve opening map set in advance, the appropriate opening of the DPF bypass valve is calculated from the DPF bypass valve opening map based on the detected value of the engine speed and the engine load. Since the DPF bypass valve is controlled to open and close, the DPF bypass valve is determined according to the optimum relationship between engine operating conditions such as the engine speed and engine load, which are precisely set in the DPF bypass valve opening map, and soot removal function and pressure loss in the DPF. DPF wrinkle removal function by opening / closing control Held high and it is possible to perform operation that suppresses the DPF pressure loss.
Thereby, the exhaust resistance of the DPF can be reduced to reduce the fuel consumption of the engine, and the durability of the DPF device can be improved.

  According to the present invention, in the engine, a DPF bypass passage branched from an upstream portion of the black smoke removal device in the exhaust passage and connected to a downstream portion of the black smoke removal device, and a passage for opening and closing the DPF bypass passage The pressure loss increase rate includes a DPF bypass valve that adjusts the area, and a pressure loss increase rate calculating means that calculates a pressure loss (pressure loss) increase rate of the black smoke removal device based on a detected value of the differential pressure in the black smoke removal device. And a controller for opening the DPF bypass valve when the pressure is below a preset reference pressure loss increase rate.

According to this invention, the pressure loss (pressure loss) increase rate in the DPF is taken into the opening / closing control of the DPF bypass valve, and when the pressure loss increase rate is less than the preset reference pressure loss increase rate, that is, the allowable pressure loss increase rate, the engine It is judged that the generation amount is small, and the DPF bypass valve is opened to reduce the exhaust gas flow rate to the DPF. When the pressure loss increase rate exceeds the reference pressure loss increase rate, that is, the allowable pressure loss increase rate, the engine soot generation amount is large. It is possible to increase the exhaust gas flow rate to the DPF by closing the DPF bypass valve or decreasing the opening degree and increasing the soot removal function in the DPF, and always keep the soot removal function of the DPF high and the DPF It is possible to perform an operation in which the pressure loss is suppressed to an allowable value or less.
In particular, by incorporating the rate of increase in pressure loss in the DPF into the opening / closing control of the DPF bypass valve, it becomes possible to change the exhaust gas flow rate of the DPF in response to a sudden change in the DPF pressure loss. The response of flow control is improved.

  According to the present invention, in the engine, a DPF bypass passage branched from an upstream portion of the black smoke removal device in the exhaust passage and connected to a downstream portion of the black smoke removal device, and a passage for opening and closing the DPF bypass passage A calculated value of the pressure loss increase rate of the black smoke removal device based on the detected value of the differential pressure in the DPF bypass valve for adjusting the area and the black smoke removal device is equal to or less than a preset reference pressure loss increase rate, and the black smoke When the detected value of the exhaust gas inlet / outlet temperature difference in the removal device is less than or equal to a preset reference exhaust gas inlet / outlet temperature difference, and the detected value of the internal temperature in the black smoke removal device is less than or equal to the preset reference DPF internal temperature, And a controller for opening the DPF bypass valve.

According to this invention, in addition to incorporating the pressure loss increase rate in the DPF into the opening / closing control of the DPF bypass valve as described above, the exhaust gas inlet / outlet temperature difference in the DPF and the internal temperature of the DPF are incorporated, and the exhaust gas inlet / outlet in the DPF When the temperature difference is less than the preset reference exhaust gas inlet / outlet temperature difference, that is, the allowable exhaust gas inlet / outlet temperature difference, it is judged that the soot removal action in the DPF is small and the DPF bypass valve is opened to reduce the exhaust gas flow rate of the DPF, When the exhaust gas inlet / outlet temperature difference exceeds the allowable exhaust gas inlet / outlet temperature difference, it is determined that the soot removing action in the DPF is active, and the DPF bypass valve is closed or the opening degree is decreased to increase the exhaust gas flow rate to the DPF,
When the internal temperature of the DPF is equal to or lower than a preset reference DPF internal temperature, that is, the allowable DPF internal temperature, it is determined that the soot removing action in the DPF is small, and the DPF bypass valve is opened to reduce the exhaust gas flow rate of the DPF, When the internal temperature of the DPF exceeds the allowable internal temperature of the DPF, it is determined that the soot removal action of the DPF is active, and the exhaust gas flow rate to the DPF can be increased by closing the DPF bypass valve or decreasing the opening degree. Become.

  Therefore, according to this invention, in addition to the rate of increase in pressure loss in the DPF, in addition to the rate of increase in pressure loss in the DPF, the exhaust gas inlet / outlet temperature difference and the internal temperature of the DPF are incorporated into the opening / closing control of the DPF bypass valve. It is possible to change the exhaust gas flow rate of the DPF in response to the above, improving the responsiveness of the exhaust gas flow rate control of the DPF, and detecting the state of the DPF soot removal action based on the temperature difference of the exhaust gas inlet and outlet and the internal temperature of the DPF. By performing the exhaust gas flow rate in the DPF, the accuracy of exhaust gas flow rate control of the DPF is improved.

  According to the present invention, in the engine, a DPF bypass passage branched from an upstream portion of the black smoke removal device in the exhaust passage and connected to a downstream portion of the black smoke removal device, and a passage for opening and closing the DPF bypass passage When the detected value of the differential pressure in the DPF bypass valve for adjusting the area and the black smoke removing device exceeds a preset reference differential pressure, the DPF bypass valve is closed and the exhaust gas flow rate of the DPF is set to the detected differential pressure value. And a controller for increasing the reference exhaust gas flow rate corresponding to the above.

  According to this invention, when the differential pressure of the DPF exceeds a reference value (reference differential pressure) during regeneration of the DPF, etc., the DPF bypass valve is closed to increase the exhaust gas flow rate to the DPF, thereby removing heat from the DPF. Thus, it is possible to prevent the occurrence of melting damage due to overheating of the DPF.

  According to the present invention, in the engine, a DPF bypass passage branched from an upstream portion of the black smoke removal device in the exhaust passage and connected to a downstream portion of the black smoke removal device, and a passage for opening and closing the DPF bypass passage The temperature increase rate is preset by providing a DPF bypass valve for adjusting the area and a temperature increase rate calculating means for calculating the temperature increase rate of the black smoke removal device based on a detected value of the internal temperature in the black smoke removal device. And a controller for closing the DPF bypass valve when the reference temperature increase rate is exceeded.

  According to this invention, when the DPF has a rapid temperature rise exceeding the reference temperature rise rate, the DPF bypass valve is closed, the exhaust gas flow rate to the DPF is increased, and the heat of the DPF is removed by removing the heat from the DPF. By suppressing the temperature rise, it is possible to prevent the occurrence of melting damage due to overheating of the DPF.

According to the present invention, the relationship between the engine speed and the engine load and the soot discharge amount of the engine, and the opening / closing conditions of the DPF bypass passage of the DPF bypass valve due to the soot discharge amount are preset to optimum values for the DPF bypass valve opening. Using the degree map, the appropriate opening degree of the DPF bypass valve is calculated based on the detected values of the engine speed and the engine load, and the DPF bypass valve is controlled to be opened / closed based on the appropriate opening degree, thereby enhancing the DPF soot removal function. It is possible to perform the operation while holding and suppressing the DPF pressure loss.
As a result, it is possible to obtain a DPF device in which the exhaust resistance of the DPF is reduced to reduce the fuel consumption of the engine and the durability of the DPF device is improved.

  Further, according to the present invention, the pressure loss (pressure loss) increase rate in the DPF is taken into the opening / closing control of the DPF bypass valve, and when the pressure loss increase rate is equal to or less than a preset reference pressure loss increase rate, the DPF bypass valve is opened. When the exhaust gas flow rate to the DPF is decreased and the pressure loss increase rate exceeds the reference pressure loss increase rate, the DPF bypass valve is closed or the opening degree is decreased to increase the exhaust gas flow rate to the DPF and increase the soot removal function in the DPF It is possible to maintain the DPF soot removal function at a high level and control the DPF pressure loss below the allowable value at all times, and the DPF bypass valve opening / closing control incorporates the pressure loss increase rate in the DPF. As a result, it becomes possible to change the exhaust gas flow rate of the DPF in response to the sudden change of the DPF pressure loss, and to discharge the DPF. Responsiveness of the scan rate control is improved.

  Furthermore, in addition to the pressure loss increase rate, the DPF bypass valve opening / closing control incorporates the exhaust gas inlet / outlet temperature difference in the DPF and the internal temperature of the DPF. The exhaust gas flow rate of the DPF can be changed, the responsiveness of the exhaust gas flow rate control of the DPF is improved, and the soot removal action state of the DPF is detected based on the temperature difference of the exhaust gas inlet and outlet and the internal temperature of the DPF. By performing the flow rate, the accuracy of the DPF exhaust gas flow rate control is improved.

  Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the embodiments shown in the drawings. However, the dimensions, materials, shapes, relative arrangements, and the like of the component parts described in this example are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention only to specific examples unless otherwise specified. Only.

FIG. 1 is a system diagram showing a configuration of an exhaust device of a diesel engine provided with a DPF device according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
In FIG. 1, a diesel engine 1 is supplied with air supply from a supercharger (not shown) through an air supply passage 7, and exhaust gas after combustion with the air supply and fuel is passed through an exhaust passage 6 through a graphite removing device, ie, DPF (diesel). Particulate filter) 2 is entered. The DPF 2 is provided with a filter that captures solid discharge such as soot in the exhaust gas (hereinafter collectively referred to as soot) and burns the soot captured by the filter. In the present invention, a known DPF can be used. .
A reduction catalytic converter 3 and an oxidation catalytic converter 4 are arranged in the exhaust passage 6 on the downstream side of the DPF 2, and the exhaust gas from which soot has been removed by the DPF 2 is supplied with urea for reducing action from the urea injection system 5 on the way. It is mixed and introduced into the reduction catalytic converter 3.
Then, after NOx is removed by the reduction catalytic converter 3, HC, CO and the like are removed by the oxidation catalytic converter 4, and the exhaust gas is discharged into the atmosphere.

A DPF bypass passage indicated by reference numeral 10 is branched from the upstream portion of the DPF 2 in the exhaust passage 6 to bypass the DPF 2 and is connected to the downstream portion of the DPF 2. A DPF bypass valve 11 that opens and closes the DPF bypass passage 10 and adjusts the passage area is installed in the middle of the DPF bypass passage 10.
A controller for controlling the DPF bypass valve 11 according to a procedure to be described later is denoted by reference numeral 14, and the controller 14 detects the detected value of the engine speed of the diesel engine 1 from the engine speed detector 13 as a load detector. 12, the detected value of the engine load of the diesel engine 1 is input.

Next, the opening / closing control of the DPF bypass valve 11 in the first embodiment will be described based on the control block diagram of the DPF device shown in FIG.
In FIG. 2, the detected value of the engine speed from the engine speed detector 13 and the detected value of the engine load from the load detector 12 are input to the torque calculator 141 of the controller 14, and the torque calculator 141. , The current torque is calculated based on the engine speed detection value and the engine load detection value, and is input to the DPF bypass valve open / close determination unit 143.

The controller 14 is provided with a DPF bypass valve opening map (DPF bypass map) indicated by reference numeral 142. The DPF bypass valve opening map 142 is shown in (A) and (B) of FIG. Thus, the soot discharge amount of the diesel engine 1 and the opening / closing conditions of the DPF bypass valve 11 are set corresponding to the engine speed and the engine torque.
The DPF bypass valve opening map 142 is set based on a simulation calculation or an experimental calculation result for an engine of the same type as the target engine. FIG. 3A shows an operation condition with a relatively small amount of soot emission. The set value, (B), is the set value under operating conditions with a large amount of soot discharge.

3A, the DPF bypass valve 11 is closed and exhaust gas to the DPF 2 in the operation region where the amount of soot is increased on the low rotation speed side with higher torque than the DPF bypass valve opening / closing line indicated by the one-dot chain line. The flow rate is increasing. In the figures (A) and (B), the most frequent soot generation amount region is indicated by Z.
In the operation region of FIG. 3B, the DPF bypass valve opening / closing line indicated by the alternate long and short dash line is concentrated on a certain engine torque and rotation speed, and the maximum amount of occurrence of the soot indicated by Z in the drawing is greater than the DPF bypass valve opening / closing line. In the region approaching the region, the DPF bypass valve 11 is closed to increase the exhaust gas flow rate to the DPF 2.

In the DPF bypass valve opening / closing determination unit 143, the DPF bypass valve opening degree map 142 is compared with the engine torque calculation value from the torque calculation unit 141 and the engine rotation speed detection value from the engine rotation speed detector 13. Thus, it is determined whether the DPF bypass valve 11 is opened or closed corresponding to the engine torque and the engine speed, and the soot discharge amount becomes the opening condition of the DPF bypass valve 11 at the engine speed and the engine torque (that is, engine load). The DPF bypass valve 11 is opened when the soot discharge amount (that is, the DPF bypass valve opening / closing line in FIGS. 3 (A) and 3 (B)) or less, and when the soot discharge amount is exceeded, the DPF bypass valve 11 is opened. close.
The DPF bypass valve 11 is opened / closed by a determination signal from the DPF bypass valve opening / closing determination unit 143.

According to the first embodiment, in the controller 14, the relationship between the engine speed and the engine load (engine torque) and the soot discharge amount of the engine 1, and the DPF bypass passage 10 of the DPF bypass valve 11 according to the soot discharge amount. Using the DPF bypass valve opening degree map 142 whose opening / closing condition is preset to an optimum value by simulation calculation or experiment, the DPF bypass valve 11 is determined from the DPF bypass valve opening degree map 142 based on the detected values of the engine speed and the engine load. Therefore, the DPF bypass valve 11 is controlled to be opened and closed by the appropriate opening degree. Therefore, the engine operating conditions such as the engine speed and the engine load, which are precisely set in the DPF bypass valve opening map 142, and the DPF2 The optimal relationship between soot removal function and pressure loss By opening and closing control of the DPF bypass valve 11, it is possible to perform operation that suppresses held high and DPF pressure loss soot removal function of DPF 2.
Thereby, the exhaust resistance of the DPF 2 can be reduced to reduce the fuel consumption of the engine, and the durability of the DPF device can be improved.

4A and 4B show a second embodiment of the present invention, in which FIG. 4A is a diagram corresponding to FIG. 1 and FIG. 4B is a diagram showing changes in DPF pressure loss.
In FIG. 4, a DPF inlet exhaust gas temperature sensor 16 for detecting the exhaust gas temperature at the DPF inlet is attached to the DPF 2 inlet side of the exhaust passage 6, and the exhaust gas temperature at the DPF outlet is detected on the DPF 2 outlet side of the exhaust passage 6. A DPF outlet exhaust gas temperature sensor 18 is attached, and a DPF internal temperature sensor 17 is attached inside the DPF 2. From the DPF inlet exhaust gas temperature sensor T 1 from the DPF inlet exhaust gas temperature sensor 16, the DPF outlet exhaust gas temperature sensor 18 The DPF outlet exhaust gas temperature detection value T2 and the DPF internal temperature detection value T3 from the DPF internal temperature sensor 17 are input to the controller 14.
A DPF differential pressure gauge 15 for detecting a differential pressure ΔP between the exhaust gas inlet and outlet of the DPF 2 is attached to the DPF 2 inlet / outlet of the exhaust passage 6, and the detected value ΔP of the DPF differential pressure from the DPF differential pressure gauge 15 is Input to the controller 14.
Other configurations are the same as those of the first embodiment shown in FIG. 1, and the same members are denoted by the same reference numerals.

Next, opening / closing control of the DPF bypass valve 11 in the second embodiment will be described based on a control block diagram of the DPF device shown in FIG.
The detected value ΔP of the DPF differential pressure from the DPF differential pressure gauge 15 is input to the pressure loss increase rate calculation unit of the controller 14. The pressure loss increase rate calculation unit 146 calculates a pressure loss increase rate per unit time ΔΔP = dΔP / dt as shown in FIG. 4B and inputs it to the pressure loss determination unit 148.
Further, the DPF inlet exhaust gas temperature detection value T1 from the DPF inlet exhaust gas temperature sensor 16 and the DPF outlet exhaust gas temperature detection value T2 from the DPF outlet exhaust gas temperature sensor 18 are input to the DPF inlet / outlet temperature difference calculation unit 145 of the controller 14. The The DPF inlet / outlet temperature difference calculation unit 145 calculates the exhaust gas temperature difference ΔT between the DPF 2 inlet / outlet and inputs it to the DPF temperature difference calculation unit 150.

Further, the controller 14 includes a reference pressure loss increase rate setting unit 147. In the reference pressure loss increase rate setting unit 147, a reference pressure loss increase rate that is a reference value of the pressure loss increase rate in the DPF 2, that is, an engine soot generation amount is small. A pressure loss increase rate that allows the DPF bypass valve 11 to be opened is set.
In the pressure loss determination unit 148, when the calculated value of the pressure loss increase rate ΔΔP is equal to or less than the reference pressure loss increase rate, it is determined that the engine soot generation amount is small, and the DPF bypass valve 11 is opened to return to the DPF. Reduce exhaust gas flow rate.
On the other hand, if the calculated value of the pressure loss increase rate ΔΔP exceeds the reference pressure loss increase rate, it is determined that the amount of soot generated in the engine is large, and the DPF bypass valve 11 is closed or the opening degree is decreased to exhaust gas to the DPF 2 The flow rate is increased, and the soot removal function in the DPF is increased.

In addition, the controller 14 includes a reference DPF inlet / outlet temperature difference setting unit 149. In the reference DPF inlet / outlet temperature difference setting unit 149, a reference DPF inlet / outlet temperature difference that is a reference value of the DPF inlet / outlet temperature difference in the DPF2, that is, the engine temperature difference. A DPF inlet / outlet temperature difference is set such that the generated amount is small and the DPF bypass valve 11 can be opened.
In the DPF temperature difference determination unit 150, when the calculated value of the exhaust gas temperature difference ΔT between the DPF ports is equal to or less than the reference DPF port temperature difference, it is determined that the soot removing action in the DPF 2 is small, and the DPF bypass valve 11 is operated. It is opened to reduce the exhaust gas flow rate of DPF2.
On the other hand, when the exhaust gas inlet / outlet temperature difference ΔT exceeds the reference DPF inlet / outlet temperature difference, it is determined that the soot removing action in the DPF 2 is active, and the DPF bypass valve 11 is closed or the opening degree is decreased to exhaust gas flow rate to the DPF 2. Increase.

Further, the controller 14 includes a reference DPF internal temperature setting unit 151. In the reference DPF internal temperature setting unit 151, a reference DPF internal temperature that is a reference value of the DPF internal temperature in the DPF 2, that is, an increase in the DPF internal temperature is detected. A DPF internal temperature at which the DPF bypass valve 11 can be opened small is set.
The DPF internal temperature determination unit 152 determines that the DPF internal temperature detection value T3 from the DPF internal temperature sensor 17 is less than the reference DPF internal temperature, so that the soot removal action in the DPF 2 is small. The valve 11 is opened to reduce the exhaust gas flow rate of the DPF 2.
On the other hand, when the detected value T3 of the DPF internal temperature exceeds the reference DPF internal temperature, it is determined that the soot removal action in the DPF 2 is active, and the DPF bypass valve 11 is closed or the opening degree is reduced to exhaust the gas to the DP 2F. Increase the flow rate.

The pressure loss increase rate determination result from the pressure loss determination unit 148, the DPF inlet / outlet exhaust gas temperature difference determination result from the DPF temperature difference determination unit 150, and the DPF internal temperature determination result from the DPF internal temperature determination unit 152 are DPF bypass valve opening / closing. This is input to the determination unit 143.
In the DPF bypass valve opening / closing determination unit 143, when the calculated value of the pressure loss increase rate ΔΔP is equal to or less than the reference pressure loss increase rate, it is determined that the amount of soot generated in the engine is small and the DPF bypass valve 11 is opened to return to the DPF. When the exhaust gas flow rate is decreased and the calculated value of the pressure loss increase rate ΔΔP exceeds the reference pressure loss increase rate, it is determined that the amount of soot generated in the engine is large, and the DPF bypass valve 11 is closed or the opening degree is decreased to the DPF 2 The exhaust gas flow rate is increased to increase the soot removal function in the DPF.

In the DPF bypass valve open / close determination unit 143,
The calculated value of the pressure loss increase rate ΔΔP is less than or equal to the reference pressure loss increase rate, the calculated value of the exhaust gas temperature difference ΔT between the DPF ports is equal to or less than the reference DPF port temperature difference, and the detected value T3 of the DPF internal temperature is the reference value When the three conditions below the DPF internal temperature are satisfied, it is determined that the soot removing action of the DPF 2 is small, and the DPF bypass valve 11 is opened to reduce the exhaust gas flow rate of the DPF 2.
On the other hand, the calculated value of the pressure loss increase rate ΔΔP exceeds the reference pressure loss increase rate, the calculated value of the exhaust gas temperature difference ΔT between the DPF inlets and outlets exceeds the reference DPF inlet / outlet temperature difference, and the detected value T3 of the DPF internal temperature is When the three conditions exceeding the reference DPF internal temperature are satisfied, it is determined that the amount of soot generation in the engine is large, and the DPF bypass valve 11 is closed or the opening degree is decreased to increase the exhaust gas flow rate to the DPF 2, The soot removal function in the DPF is increased.

According to the second embodiment described above, the pressure loss (pressure loss) increase rate ΔΔP in the DPF 2 is taken into the opening / closing control of the DPF bypass valve 11, and when this pressure loss increase rate ΔΔP is less than the reference pressure loss increase rate, engine soot is generated. It is determined that the amount is small, the DPF bypass valve is opened to reduce the exhaust gas flow rate to the DPF 2, and when the pressure loss increase rate ΔΔP exceeds the reference pressure loss increase rate, it is determined that the amount of soot generated in the engine is large. By closing the valve 11 or decreasing the opening, the exhaust gas flow rate to the DPF is increased, and the soot removal function in the DPF 2 is raised, so that the soot removal function of the DPF 2 is always kept high and the DPF pressure loss is below the allowable value. It becomes possible to perform a controlled operation.
In particular, by incorporating the pressure loss increase rate ΔΔP in the DPF 2 into the opening / closing control of the DPF bypass valve 11, it becomes possible to change the exhaust gas flow rate of the DPF 2 in response to a sudden change in the DPF pressure loss. The response of exhaust gas flow rate control is improved.

  Further, according to the second embodiment, in addition to the pressure loss increase rate ΔΔP in the DPF 2, the exhaust gas inlet / outlet temperature difference ΔT in the DPF and the internal temperature T 3 of the DPF 2 are taken into the opening / closing control of the DPF bypass valve 11. It is possible to change the exhaust gas flow rate of the DPF 2 in response to a sudden change in DPF pressure loss, thereby improving the responsiveness of the exhaust gas flow rate control of the DPF 2 and the exhaust gas inlet / outlet temperature difference ΔT and the internal temperature T3 of the DPF. By detecting the soot removal action state of the DPF 2 and performing the exhaust gas flow rate in the DPF 2, the accuracy of the exhaust gas flow rate control of the DPF 2 is improved.

FIG. 6 is a view corresponding to FIG. 1 showing a third embodiment of the present invention.
The third embodiment is similar to the second embodiment shown in FIG. 4 in that a supply air pressure sensor 23 that detects the supply air pressure of the engine 1, a supply air temperature sensor 24 that detects the supply air temperature, and a supply air amount. An air supply amount sensor 25, a fuel injection amount detector 21 for detecting the fuel injection amount, an exhaust gas pressure sensor 22 for detecting the exhaust gas pressure upstream of the DPF 2, and a bypass valve opening detector for detecting the opening of the DPF bypass valve 11 20 is additionally provided, and the detection values of these sensors (detectors) are input to the controller 14 to perform computation and control to be described later.
Other configurations are the same as those of the first embodiment (FIG. 1) or the second embodiment (FIG. 4), and the same members are denoted by the same reference numerals.

Next, opening / closing control of the DPF bypass valve 11 in the third embodiment will be described based on the control block diagram of the DPF device shown in FIG.
An air supply pressure detection value from the air supply pressure sensor 23, an air supply temperature detection value from the air supply temperature sensor 24, an air supply amount detection value from the air supply amount sensor 25, and a fuel injection amount from the fuel injection amount detector 21. The detection value, the exhaust gas pressure detection value from the exhaust gas pressure sensor 22, the DPF bypass valve opening detection value from the bypass valve opening detector 20, and the DPF exhaust gas inlet temperature detection value from the DPF exhaust gas inlet temperature sensor 16 are Input to the exhaust gas flow rate calculation unit 155 of the controller 14.
The exhaust gas flow rate calculation unit 155 calculates the exhaust gas flow rate using each detection value (or a part of each detection value may be used) and inputs the exhaust gas flow rate to the DPF bypass valve open / close determination unit 143.

156 is a pressure loss / exhaust gas flow rate setting unit 156, the relationship of the exhaust gas flow rate ~DPF pressure drop - bypass valve opening represented by W ₁ line is set in advance in FIG. 8, the relationship of the exhaust gas flow rate ~DPF pressure loss the DPF bypass valve 11 when it becomes the upper region than W _2-wire and closed, is set to the DPF bypass valve 11 and opens in the region below it.
In the DPF bypass valve opening / closing determination unit 143, the calculated value (for example, Qex) of the exhaust gas flow rate and the DPF differential pressure (pressure loss) detection value from the DPF differential pressure gauge 15 are shown in FIG. The opening / closing of the DPF bypass valve 11 is determined corresponding to the bypass valve opening degree diagram, and the DPF bypass valve 11 is opened / closed.

With this configuration, when the differential pressure ΔP of the DPF ₂ exceeds a reference value (that is, the W ₂ line in FIG. 8) during regeneration of the DPF ₂ , the DPF bypass valve 11 is closed and the exhaust gas flow rate to the DPF ₂ By increasing heat and removing heat from the DPF 2, it is possible to prevent melting due to overheating of the DPF 2.

On the other hand, the DPF internal temperature detection value T3 from the DPF internal temperature sensor 17 similar to that in the second embodiment is input to the DPF temperature increase rate calculation unit 158 of the controller 14. In DPF temperature increase rate calculation unit 158, as shown in the DPF temperature change diagram shown in FIG. 9, DPF temperature increase rate ΔT3 is calculated based on DPF internal temperature detection value T3 and is input to DPF temperature increase rate determination unit 160. .
Reference numeral 159 denotes a DPF temperature increase rate setting unit, in which an allowable value of the DPF temperature increase rate, that is, the DPF heat resistant temperature T30 in FIG. 9 is set.
In the DPF temperature increase rate determination unit 160, when the DPF temperature increase rate ΔT3 exceeds the allowable value of the DPF temperature increase rate set in the DPF temperature increase rate setting unit 159, the DPF bypass valve 11 is closed, The DPF bypass valve 11 is controlled to open and close so that the DPF bypass valve 11 is opened when the DPF temperature rise rate is less than or equal to an allowable value.

  With this configuration, when the DPF 2 has a rapid temperature rise exceeding the reference temperature rise rate, that is, the allowable value of the DPF temperature rise rate, the DPF bypass valve 11 is closed and the exhaust gas flow rate to the DPF 2 is increased. By suppressing the temperature rise of the DPF 2 by removing heat from the DPF 2, it is possible to prevent the occurrence of melting damage due to overheating of the DPF 2.

  According to the present invention, the optimum relationship between engine operating conditions such as engine speed and engine load, soot removal function and pressure loss in the DPF is precisely set, and a wide range of exhaust temperature of the DPF inlet / outlet, temperature of the DPF itself, etc. It is possible to control the amount of exhaust gas passing through the DPF and the operation of the DPF with high accuracy by the control factor of the engine, reducing the exhaust resistance, reducing the fuel consumption of the engine, and improving the durability of the DPF device. An exhaust device can be provided.

1 is a system diagram showing a configuration of an exhaust device for a diesel engine provided with a DPF device according to a first embodiment of the present invention. It is a control block diagram of the DPF device concerning the 1st example. (A) and (B) are characteristic diagrams of the DPF device according to the first embodiment. 2A and 2B show a second embodiment of the present invention, in which FIG. 1A is a diagram corresponding to FIG. 1 and FIG. 3B is a diagram showing a change in DPF pressure loss. It is a control block diagram of the DPF device concerning the 2nd example. FIG. 6 is a view corresponding to FIG. 1 showing a third embodiment of the present invention. It is a control block diagram of the DPF device concerning the 3rd example. It is a pressure-loss characteristic diagram of the DPF device concerning the 3rd example. It is an internal temperature characteristic diagram of the DPF device concerning the 3rd example. It is a systematic diagram which shows the structure of the exhaust apparatus of the diesel engine provided with the DPF apparatus which concerns on a prior art.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Diesel engine 2 DPF (diesel particulate filter) plunger 3 Reduction catalyst converter 4 Oxidation catalyst converter 6 Exhaust passage 7 Supply air passage 10 DPF bypass passage 11 DPF bypass valve 12 Load detector 13 Engine speed detector 14 Controller 15 DPF difference Pressure gauge 16 DPF inlet exhaust gas temperature sensor 17 DPF internal temperature sensor 18 DPF outlet exhaust gas temperature sensor

Claims (6)

  In an engine having a black smoke removal device (DPF) that captures solid emissions such as soot in exhaust gas in an exhaust passage, the exhaust passage is branched from an upstream portion of the black smoke removal device, and the black smoke removal device A DPF bypass passage connected to the downstream portion, a DPF bypass valve for opening and closing the DPF bypass passage and adjusting the passage area, and a DPF bypass in which an appropriate opening degree of the DPF bypass valve with respect to the engine speed and the engine load is set A DPF device comprising a controller for calculating an appropriate opening degree of the DPF bypass valve from the DPF bypass valve opening degree map based on the detected value of the engine speed and the engine load with a valve opening degree map. An exhaust system for the engine.   In the DPF bypass valve opening degree map, the relationship between the engine speed and the engine load and the soot discharge amount of the engine, and the opening condition of the DPF bypass valve according to the soot discharge amount are set, and the controller There is provided a DPF device configured to open the DPF bypass valve when the soot discharge amount is equal to or less than a soot discharge amount that is an opening condition of the DPF bypass valve at an engine speed and an engine load. Engine exhaust system.   In an engine having a black smoke removal device (DPF) that captures solid emissions such as soot in the exhaust gas in the exhaust passage, the engine is branched from the upstream portion of the black smoke removal device in the exhaust passage. A DPF bypass passage connected to the downstream portion, a DPF bypass valve that opens and closes the DPF bypass passage and adjusts the passage area, and the pressure loss of the black smoke removal device based on the detected value of the differential pressure in the black smoke removal device ( And a controller for opening the DPF bypass valve when the pressure loss increase rate is equal to or less than a preset reference pressure loss increase rate. Engine exhaust system with equipment.   In an engine having a black smoke removal device (DPF) that captures solid emissions such as soot in exhaust gas in an exhaust passage, the exhaust passage is branched from an upstream portion of the black smoke removal device, and the black smoke removal device A DPF bypass passage connected to the downstream portion, a DPF bypass valve that opens and closes the DPF bypass passage and adjusts the passage area, and an increase in pressure loss of the black smoke removal device based on a detected differential pressure in the black smoke removal device The calculated value of the rate is equal to or less than a preset reference pressure loss increase rate, and the detected value of the exhaust gas inlet / outlet temperature difference in the black smoke removal device is equal to or less than the preset reference exhaust gas inlet / outlet temperature difference, and the black smoke removal device And a controller that opens the DPF bypass valve when the detected internal temperature value is equal to or lower than a preset reference DPF internal temperature. Exhaust system of an engine equipped with the F device.   In an engine having a black smoke removal device (DPF) that captures solid emissions such as soot in exhaust gas in an exhaust passage, the exhaust passage is branched from an upstream portion of the black smoke removal device, and the black smoke removal device The DPF bypass passage connected to the downstream portion, the DPF bypass valve that opens and closes the DPF bypass passage and adjusts the passage area, and the detected value of the differential pressure in the black smoke removal device exceeds a preset reference differential pressure An exhaust system for an engine having a DPF device, comprising a controller that closes the DPF bypass valve and increases the exhaust gas flow rate of the DPF to a reference exhaust gas flow rate corresponding to the detected differential pressure value. In an engine having a black smoke removal device (DPF) that captures solid emissions such as soot in exhaust gas in an exhaust passage, the exhaust passage is branched from an upstream portion of the black smoke removal device, and the black smoke removal device A DPF bypass passage connected to the downstream portion, a DPF bypass valve for opening and closing the DPF bypass passage and adjusting the passage area, and a temperature rise of the black smoke removal device based on a detected value of the internal temperature in the black smoke removal device A temperature rise rate calculating means for calculating a rate is provided, and a DPF device is provided that includes a controller that closes the DPF bypass valve when the temperature rise rate exceeds a preset reference temperature rise rate. Engine exhaust system.

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