JP2008138404A - Sliding door structure for vehicle - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To restrain sudden opening/closing of a sliding door regardless of the position and opening/closing direction of the sliding door. <P>SOLUTION: The sliding door is mounted to a moving means movable along a lower rail provided along a vehicle body side part, and supported slidably relative to the lower rail 6. The moving means is provided with a viscous damper 16 (26) imparting decelerative force responding to the increase of moving speed to the lower rail 6. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2008,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a structure of a sliding door that opens and closes an opening of a vehicle body side portion by sliding in a vehicle front-rear direction along a rail fixed to the side portion of the vehicle body.

  For example, Patent Document 1 discloses an apparatus for preventing a slide door from being suddenly closed. In this device, a buffer block is disposed on the side of the vehicle body. The slide door is provided with a stopper lever that abuts the buffer block when the slide door is suddenly closed and does not contact the buffer block when the slide door is slowly closed. Specifically, the stopper lever is urged so as to be always in a horizontal posture by a spring, and is configured to be inclined from the horizontal posture by a cam action as the sliding door is closed.

In such a configuration, when the sliding door is suddenly closed, the stopper lever is tilted by the cam action and reaches the buffer block before returning to the horizontal posture. When the stopper lever is tilted, the stopper lever comes into contact with the buffer block, and the sliding of the sliding door is stopped by mechanical interference between the two. On the other hand, when the sliding door is gently closed, the stopper lever is inclined by the cam action, but returns to the horizontal posture at the timing when it reaches the buffer block. Therefore, since the stopper lever and the buffer block do not interfere mechanically, the slide door can be slid as it is.
Japanese Patent No. 3404687

  However, according to the technique disclosed in Patent Document 1, since the stopper lever is configured to perform the above-described operation in the vicinity of the fully closed position of the slide door, the slide lever does not operate in other positions and in the opening direction. There was a problem that the door was suddenly closed or suddenly opened.

  The present invention has been made in view of such circumstances, and an object thereof is to suppress rapid opening and closing of the sliding door regardless of the position and the opening and closing direction of the sliding door.

  In order to solve this problem, the present invention provides a vehicle sliding door structure. This vehicle sliding door structure includes a rail provided along the side of the vehicle body, a moving means movable along the rail, and a slide attached to the moving means and slidably supported with respect to the rail. The door includes a door and a speed reduction means that applies a speed reduction force to the slide door according to an increase in the moving speed of the slide door.

  According to the present invention, as the moving speed of the sliding door increases, a deceleration force is applied to the sliding door by the deceleration means. For this reason, it is possible to suppress a situation in which the slide door suddenly opens and closes regardless of the position of the slide door and the opening and closing direction thereof.

(First embodiment)
FIG. 1 is a perspective view schematically showing a vehicle 1 to which a vehicle sliding door structure according to an embodiment of the present invention is applied. In the vehicle 1, the slide door 2 is disposed on the side surface portion 3 of the vehicle body, and is fully closed by fitting into the opening 4 formed in the side surface portion 3. When the slide door 2 is slid rearward from this fully closed state, the slide door 2 moves slightly outward from the outer side surface of the side surface portion 3 of the vehicle body, and moves outside the side surface portion 3 of the vehicle body located behind the opening 4. It will be in a fully open state by overlapping on the surface.

  Specifically, in the side surface portion 3 of the vehicle body, an upper rail 5 is provided at the upper edge portion of the opening 4, and a lower rail 6 is provided at the lower edge portion of the opening 4. A center rail 7 is provided behind the opening 4 at an intermediate position between the upper rail 5 and the lower rail 6. These three rails 5 to 7 extend in the front-rear direction of the vehicle body. Further, on the back surface (inside the vehicle) side of the slide door 2, roller units (not shown) are provided at the upper end portion, the middle portion, and the lower end portion corresponding to the rails 5 to 7, and the slide door 2 is provided. The individual roller units are supported so as to be slidable in the front-rear direction of the vehicle body by engaging with the rails 5 to 7 and moving on the rails.

  The slide door 2 is provided with an outside handle 8 for opening and closing the slide door 2 from the outside of the vehicle, on the surface (outside of the vehicle) side of the slide door 2, and an inside handle for opening and closing the slide door 2 from the inside of the vehicle (see FIG. (Not shown) is provided on the back side of the slide door 2. When the slide door 2 is in the fully closed state, a lock mechanism that holds the fully closed state is operating. When the outside handle 8 or the inside handle is operated, the lock mechanism is released and the slide door 2 is opened. It is possible to move in the direction (D2 in the figure). On the other hand, when the slide door 2 is in the fully open state, a lock mechanism that holds the fully open state is operating, and when the outside handle 8 or the inside handle is operated, the lock mechanism is released and the slide door 2 is closed. It can be moved in the direction (D1 in the figure).

  FIG. 2 is an explanatory view schematically showing a sudden opening / closing suppression mechanism that is one of the features of the sliding door structure according to the first embodiment. FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA shown in FIG.

  In the side surface portion 3 of the vehicle body, the lower rail 6 extending to the lower edge portion of the opening 4 has a cylindrical shape with a rectangular cross section, and a part of the side surface 6 a facing the slide door 2 extends from the lower rail 6. It opens with a certain width in the direction of the direction. The lower rail 6 is engaged with a roller unit for the lower rail (hereinafter referred to as “lower roller unit”).

  In the lower roller unit, an arm 10 that supports the slide door 2 is connected to a bracket 11, and a rotary shaft 13 to which a lower roller 12 is fixed is rotatably attached to the bracket 11. The lower roller 12 is laid out in the lower rail 6, and when the roller rolls in the lower rail 6, the slide door 2 can slide in the front-rear direction. In addition, a pair of guide rollers 14 is attached to the bracket 11, and these guide rollers 14 are rotatable about an axis extending in the height direction of the vehicle body as a rotation axis. The pair of guide rollers 14 is laid out in the lower rail 6 together with the lower roller 12. The pair of guide rollers 14 regulates the moving direction of the bracket 11 in the extending direction of the lower rail 6 (the front-rear direction of the vehicle body), and thereby plays a role of guiding the movement of the slide door 2.

  A first gear 15 is fixed to the side of the lower rail 6 on the rotating shaft 13 to which the lower roller 12 is fixed, and the first gear 15 rotates in synchronization with the rotating shaft 13. The first gear 15 has a bottomed cylindrical shape with one end opened, and the central axis thereof coincides with the axis of the rotary shaft 13. The first gear 15 is formed such that a gear is formed on the edge portion on the open end side, and the open end side on which the gear is formed faces the slide door 2.

  The bracket 11 is provided with a rotary viscous damper 16. The viscous damper 16 is mainly composed of a housing 16a, a rotor 16b, and a stator 16c.

  The housing 16a has a substantially columnar shape, and a columnar column portion 16d in which the bracket 11 and the arm 10 are rotatably fixed is inserted in the axial direction. In the housing 16a, a donut-shaped internal space 16e is formed so as to cover the periphery of the inserted column portion 16d. A fluid with a high viscosity is sealed in the internal space 16e. As this fluid, for example, silicone oil can be used.

  The rotor 16b is a ring-shaped member having a rectangular cross section, and is fixedly inscribed on the inner wall surface of the housing 16a constituting the internal space 16e. The stator 16c is an annular plate member that is integrally formed by expanding a part of the column portion 16d inserted into the housing 16a into a flange shape, and has a shape in which a tip portion projects into the internal space 16e. It has become. The rotor 16b and the stator 16c have height positions in the vertical direction that correspond to each other, and the tip of the stator 16c faces the rotor 16b in a close proximity.

  A second gear 17 is fixed to the bottom surface of the housing of the viscous damper 16, and can rotate in synchronization with the housing 16a (rotor 16b). The second gear 17 is formed with a gear on the outer edge portion of a plate material having a disk shape, and meshes with the first gear 15 described above.

  In the slide door structure having such a configuration, when the slide door 2 is slid in the front-rear direction, the roller unit moves along the lower rail 6. Specifically, when the lower roller 12 rolls according to the slide of the slide door 2, the rotation of the lower roller 12 rotates the first gear 15 via the rotation shaft 13. When the first gear 15 rotates, the second gear 17 that meshes with the first gear 15 is rotated, and the housing 16a of the viscous damper 16 to which the second gear 17 is fixed is rotated. When the housing 16a rotates, the rotor 16b fixed inside the housing 16a rotates around the stator 16c. At this time, if the opening / closing speed of the slide door 2 is increased, the rotational speed of the rotor 16b is also increased, so that the relative rotational speed of the rotor 16b and the stator 16c is increased, and the flow resistance of the fluid sealed in the internal space 16e is increased. To do. This flow resistance suppresses the rotation of the rotor 16b. As described above, since the lower roller 12 and the rotor 16b are mechanically linked via the first gear 15 and the second gear 17 and the like, the rotation of the lower roller 12 is mechanically transmitted to the rotor 16b. Has been. Therefore, when the rotation of the rotor 16b is suppressed, an increase in the rotation speed of the lower roller 12 is suppressed accordingly. As a result, an increase in the moving speed of the slide door 2 is suppressed.

  As described above, according to the present embodiment, the vehicular slide door structure is mainly composed of the rail, the moving means, the slide door, and the speed reducing means. Here, the rail is a rail provided along the side of the vehicle body, and the lower rail 6 corresponds to this in this embodiment. The moving means can move along the rail, and in this embodiment, the roller unit corresponds to this. The slide door 2 is attached to the moving means, and is supported so as to slide with respect to the rail. The speed reducing means is attached to the moving means, and applies a speed reducing force to the slide door in accordance with an increase in the moving speed of the slide door.

  According to such a configuration, a deceleration force is applied to the slide door 2 by the deceleration means as the moving speed of the slide door 2 increases. Therefore, it is possible to suppress a situation in which the slide door 2 is suddenly opened and closed regardless of the position of the slide door 2 on the lower rail 6 and its moving direction.

  In the present embodiment, the moving means includes a roller (in this embodiment, a lower roller 12) that rolls on a rail, a support member that supports the slide door 2 while the roller is rotatably mounted. have. Here, the speed reduction means is composed of the viscous damper 16 and the transmission means. Here, the viscous damper 16 includes a housing 16a in which a viscous fluid is enclosed, and a rotating body (rotor 16b in the present embodiment) that is housed in the housing 16a and configured to be rotatable. The rotation resistance of the rotating body is suppressed by the flow resistance. The transmitting means mechanically transmits the rotation of the roller of the moving means to the rotating body of the viscous damper 16, and in this embodiment, the rotating shaft 13, the first gear 15, and the second gear. 17 corresponds to this.

  According to such a configuration, the rotation of the roller can be transmitted to the rotating body without applying an axial load to the rotating body of the viscous damper 16 by the transmission means. Therefore, the situation where the operation of the viscous damper 16 is dull can be suppressed.

  Moreover, since the viscous damper 16 is used, the operation sound etc. are few and a passenger | crew can use it without a sense of incongruity.

  Moreover, since it is the structure which gives deceleration force with the flow resistance of fluid, the situation where the slide door 2 is decelerated smoothly and a door and a handle | steering-wheel interfere strongly can be suppressed.

  In this embodiment, the supporting member of the moving means is a bracket 11 on which a roller (in this embodiment, a lower roller 12) is rotatably mounted, an arm 10 that supports the slide door 2, a bracket 11, and an arm 10. The viscous damper 16 is provided in the column part 16d.

  According to such a configuration, the lower rail 6 is curved in the vehicle width direction immediately before the sliding door 2 is closed (immediately before the fully closed state). However, even if the bracket 11 is inclined with respect to the arm 10 in accordance with the rail shape, the transmission is transmitted. The first gear 15 and the second gear 17 which are means can be reliably engaged.

(Second Embodiment)
FIG. 4 is an explanatory view schematically showing a sudden opening / closing suppression mechanism that is one of the features of the sliding door structure according to the second embodiment. FIG. 5 is a BB cross-sectional view shown in FIG. The slide door structure according to the second embodiment is different from that of the first embodiment in that the linear motion of the bracket is changed to the rotational motion of the rotor. In addition, about the same structure as 1st Embodiment, the same referential mark is quoted and the overlapping description is abbreviate | omitted.

  Specifically, a rack 9 is fixed to the upper part of the side surface 6a of the lower rail 6 via a mounting plate 6b. The rack 9 extends along with the lower rail 6 in the front-rear direction of the vehicle body.

  In the lower roller unit, an arm 20 fixed to the slide door 2 is connected to a bracket 21, and a rotating shaft 23 to which a lower roller 22 is fixed is rotatably attached to the bracket 21. The lower roller 22 is laid out in the lower rail 6, and when this rolls in the lower rail 6, the slide door 2 can slide in the front-rear direction. In addition, a pair of guide rollers 24 is attached to the bracket 21 as in the first embodiment, and plays a role of guiding the movement of the slide door 2.

  The bracket 21 is provided with a rotary viscous damper 26. The viscous damper 26 is mainly composed of a housing 26a, a rotor 26b, and a stator 26c.

  The housing 26a has a substantially cylindrical shape, and a columnar column portion 26d in which the bracket 21 and the arm 20 are rotatably fixed is inserted in the axial direction. In the housing 26a, a donut-shaped internal space 26e is formed so as to cover the periphery of the inserted column portion 26d. The internal space 26e is filled with a fluid having a high viscosity, as in the first embodiment.

  The rotor 26b is a ring-shaped member having a rectangular cross section, and is fixedly inscribed on the inner wall surface of the housing 26a constituting the internal space 26e. The stator 26c is an annular plate member that is integrally formed by expanding a part of the column portion 26d inserted into the housing 26a into a flange shape, and its tip portion projects into the internal space 26e. It has become. The rotor 26b and the stator 26c correspond in height to each other in the vertical direction, and the tip of the stator 26c faces the rotor 26b in a close proximity.

  A third gear 25 is fixed to the outer peripheral portion of the side surface of the housing 26a of the viscous damper 26, and the third gear 25 rotates in synchronization with the housing 26a (rotor 26b). The third gear 25 has a disc-shaped peripheral portion in which an opening for fitting with the housing 26a is formed at the center portion, and meshes with the rack 9 described above.

  In the slide door structure having such a configuration, when the slide door 2 is slid in the front-rear direction, the roller unit moves along the lower rail 6. Specifically, when the lower roller 22 rolls and the bracket 21 moves along the lower rail 6 and the rack 9 according to the slide of the slide door 2, the third gear 25 that meshes with the rack 9 is rotated. . When the third gear 25 rotates, the housing 26a of the viscous damper 26 to which the third gear 25 is fixed is rotated.

  When the housing 26a rotates, the rotor 26b fixed inside the housing 26a rotates around the stator 26c. At this time, when the opening / closing speed of the slide door 2 is increased, the rotational speed of the rotor 26b is also increased, so that the relative rotational speed of the rotor 26b and the stator 26c is increased, and the flow resistance of the fluid sealed in the internal space 26e is increased. To do. This flow resistance suppresses the rotation of the rotor 26b. As described above, since the movement of the bracket 21 and the rotation of the rotor 26b are mechanically linked via the rack 9, the third gear 25, and the like, the linear motion of the bracket 21 is the rotational motion of the rotor 26b. Can be changed mechanically. Therefore, when the rotation of the rotor 26b is suppressed, an increase in the moving speed of the bracket 21 is suppressed accordingly. As a result, an increase in the moving speed of the slide door 2 is suppressed.

  As described above, according to the present embodiment, as in the first embodiment, a deceleration force is applied to the slide door 2 by the deceleration unit according to an increase in the moving speed of the slide door 2 (that is, the movement unit). The Rukoto. Therefore, it is possible to suppress a situation in which the slide door 2 is suddenly opened and closed regardless of the position of the slide door 2 on the lower rail 6 and its moving direction.

  In addition, according to the present embodiment, the slide door structure further includes the rack 9 extending along the rail. In this case, the moving means includes a roller (in this embodiment, a roller 22) that rolls on the rail, and a support member that supports the slide door 2 while the roller is rotatably attached. . Further, the speed reducing means is composed of a viscous damper 26 and a third gear 25. Here, the viscous damper 26 includes a housing 26a in which a viscous fluid is enclosed, and a rotating body (rotor 26b in this embodiment) that is housed in the housing 26a and configured to be rotatable. The rotation of the rotating body is suppressed by the flow resistance. Further, the third gear 25 changes the linear motion along the rail of the support member of the moving means to the rotational motion of the rotating body of the viscous damper via the rack 9.

  According to such a configuration, the rack 9 and the third gear 25 stabilize the contact between the teeth of the third gear 25 and the teeth of the rack 9, and can suppress wear of each tooth. Therefore, the situation where the operation of the viscous damper 26 becomes dull can be suppressed.

  Moreover, since the viscous damper 26 is used, the operation sound etc. are few, and a passenger | crew can use it without discomfort.

  Moreover, since it is the structure which gives deceleration force with the flow resistance of fluid, the situation where the slide door 2 is decelerated smoothly and a door and a handle | steering-wheel interfere strongly can be suppressed.

  In the present embodiment, the supporting member of the moving means includes a bracket 21 to which a roller (lower roller 22 in the present embodiment) is rotatably attached, an arm 20 that supports the slide door 2, a bracket 21 and an arm 20. The viscous damper 26 is provided on the column portion 26d.

  According to such a configuration, the lower rail 6 is curved in the vehicle width direction immediately before the sliding door 2 is closed (immediately before the fully closed state). However, even if the bracket 21 is inclined with respect to the arm 20 in accordance with the rail shape, 9 can be reliably engaged with the third gear 25.

The perspective view which shows typically the vehicle 1 to which the sliding door structure for vehicles concerning embodiment of this invention was applied. Explanatory drawing which shows typically the sudden opening-and-closing suppression mechanism which is one of the characteristics of the slide door structure concerning 1st Embodiment. AA sectional view shown in FIG. Explanatory drawing which shows typically the sudden opening / closing suppression mechanism which is one of the characteristics of the sliding door structure concerning 2nd Embodiment. BB sectional view shown in FIG.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Vehicle 2 Slide door 3 Side surface part 4 Opening 5 Upper rail 6 Lower rail 6a Side surface 6b Mounting plate 7 Center rail 8 Outside handle 9 Rack 10 Arm 11 Bracket 12 Lower roller 13 Rotating shaft 14 Guide roller 15 First gear 16 Viscous damper 16a Housing 16b Rotor 16c Stator 16d Column portion 16e Internal space 17 Second gear 20 Arm 21 Bracket 22 Lower roller 22 Roller 23 Rotating shaft 24 Guide roller 25 Third gear 26 Viscous damper 26a Housing 26b Rotor 26c Stator 26d Column portion 26e Internal space

Claims (4)

In the sliding door structure for vehicles,
Rails provided along the side of the vehicle body,
Moving means movable along the rail;
A sliding door attached to the moving means and slidably supported with respect to the rail;
A vehicular slide door structure, comprising: a speed reduction means attached to the movement means and imparting a deceleration force to the slide door in accordance with an increase in a moving speed of the slide door. The moving means is
A roller that rolls on the rail;
The roller is rotatably attached, and has a support member that supports the slide door,
The deceleration means is
A viscous damper that includes a housing in which a viscous fluid is enclosed, and a rotating body that is housed in the housing and configured to be rotatable, and that suppresses rotation of the rotating body by flow resistance of the viscous fluid;
2. The sliding door structure for a vehicle according to claim 1, further comprising transmission means for mechanically transmitting the rotation of the roller of the moving means to the rotating body of the viscous damper. Further comprising a rack extending along the rail;
The moving means is
A roller that rolls on the rail;
The roller is rotatably attached, and has a support member that supports the slide door,
The deceleration means is
A housing in which a viscous fluid is enclosed, a rotating body that is housed in the housing and configured to be rotatable, and a viscous damper that suppresses rotation of the rotating body by flow resistance of the viscous fluid;
2. The vehicle according to claim 1, further comprising: a gear that changes a linear motion of the supporting member of the moving unit along the rail to a rotational motion of a rotating body of the viscous damper via the rack. Sliding door structure. The support member is
A bracket on which the roller is rotatably mounted;
An arm that supports the sliding door;
A column portion for rotatably fixing the bracket and the arm;
The vehicular sliding door structure according to claim 2 or 3, wherein the viscous damper is provided in the column portion.

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