JP2008121406A - Earthquake-resistant and seismic-control fitting, and structure - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an earthquake-resistant and seismic-control structure which brings about the effect of reducing shocks exerted in all direction, and which does not leave residual deformation. <P>SOLUTION: A seismic-control fitting is provided at the end of a brace by being integrated with the brace; a fitting is also installed and fixed on the side of a structure by means of a screw spike etc.; an elastic body or a viscoelastic body between the brace-side fitting and the structure-side fitting has hardness, strength and earthquake resistance, almost equal to those of wood, so as to maintain the earthquake resistance without being sliding-deformed by the shocks of the small-scale and medium-scale earthquakes etc., and has elasticity and viscoelasticity high enough to reduce the shocks by being sliding-deformed in the application of the energy of the shocks of the big earthquakes etc. equivalent to/exceeding a fixed level. In other words, the brace fitted with the fittings effectively and automatically changes its function to an earthquake-resistant function from a seismic-control one. A brace-integrated fitting, which has both the earthquake-resistant and seismic-control functions of exerting effects on both the horizontal and vertical shocks of the earthquakes, is provided, and a structural wall is installed in a well-balanced manner in a ridge direction and a span direction. This enables the earthquake-resistant and seismic-control effects to be exerted in all directions. Additionally, fittings of the same type are installed in a corner post and a column base portion of a bearing wall, and the viscoelastic body and the elastic body are used in a combined manner, so that a shape restoration function can be provided. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2008,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to hardware and structures that reduce earthquake damage in wooden houses and the like.

Technical background

  Conventional structural measures for earthquakes in wooden houses were mainly earthquake-resistant structures, but even if there was no damage to the structure of the house itself due to the Great Hanshin-Awaji Earthquake, many people were injured due to the fall of indoor furniture. (See Non-Patent Documents 1, 30 and 31), and seismic isolation structures (see Non-Patent Documents 1 and 48) are now used even in wooden houses. 1) has also been used, but these structural technologies have advantages but also problems.

The problems of structural earthquake countermeasures in conventional wooden houses are explained.
The problem with the earthquake-resistant structure that is often used in wooden houses is that there is a possibility that casualties may occur due to falling down of indoor furniture even if the house itself is not damaged because it is not a structure that reduces the vibration itself. In addition, if the seismic performance is enhanced, there are high constraints such as the need to reduce the openings such as windows and make more walls.

Next, problems of the conventional seismic isolation structure will be described.
The seismic isolation method, which is widely used at present, is a method in which the main body is supported on laminated rubber installed on the foundation and moved horizontally for a maximum of 50 to 60 cm during an earthquake to reduce the shaking of the earthquake.
The problem is that it is effective only in the horizontal direction, and the earthquake sways in all directions, so it is not effective in the vertical shake that the refrigerator flew in the air and stuck into the ceiling, such as the Great Hanshin Awaji Earthquake. Also, the price is as high as 3 to 5 million yen.

  The problem with the conventional wooden seismic control method is that the seismic control works when a small earthquake occurs, and the conventional seismic structure responds to shaking during a large earthquake. The whole house was shaken even by a little wind, which was a problem in the construction method, and the people in the house felt sick and could not withstand practical use. If the vibration control is applied to the shaking at the time of a large earthquake and the shaking is not reduced, there is no effect or meaning as an earthquake countermeasure. (See Patent Document 1, “Problems” and “Solution”).

  Another problem with the conventional wooden seismic control method is that the seismic control method alone does not match the building confirmation of the Building Standards Act, so the seismic structure must be used together. For this reason, the effect of the simultaneous action is offset and the effect cannot be expected much. In addition, because of the redundant installation, the structure becomes complicated and the labor and cost increase. (See Non-Patent Document 2)

  Moreover, the current seismic control method does not have a function to restore the deformation of the house after the earthquake and the residual deformation remains, and the repair cost may be in units of 1 million yen.

  "Book that understands earthquake resistance, seismic isolation, and seismic control" by Shimizu Construction Seismic Seismic Control Study Group, 1999,   Patent application 2000-52527, effect, solution page   Jiba construction method, homepage materials, IAM Corporation 2006

  As described above, the conventional wooden seismic construction method does not have the effect of reducing shaking, so that there is a high possibility that serious damage will be caused to the house and people inside even if the house itself is not damaged. In addition, in the conventional seismic isolation method, the earthquake is effective only in the horizontal direction despite being swayed in all directions, and is expensive. In addition, the conventional seismic control method is not effective enough, and it needs to be used together with the seismic method to pass the building confirmation, making the structure complicated and labor-intensive, and there is no function to restore the deformation of the house due to the earthquake. It remains.

  The present invention aims to solve these problems.

  In order to achieve the above object, the first solution means that the present invention is integrated with the braces at the bracing ends installed diagonally in the wooden wall for the purpose of structural strength and earthquake resistance. The vibration control hardware is fixed and installed with bolts, and the hardware is also installed and fixed on the structure side with screw nails, etc., and the elastic body or viscoelastic body between the bracing side hardware and the structure side hardware is bonded and fixed. The viscoelastic body has almost the same strength and earthquake resistance as wood, and is not slid and deformed by shaking such as small and medium-scale earthquakes, and the shaking energy of large earthquakes above a certain level is added. In this case, it has a characteristic to attenuate the vibration by sliding deformation. That is, the brace attached with the hardware effectively and automatically changes its function from seismic resistance to seismic control.

  In addition, the second solution means that it is possible to cope with earthquake vibrations in all directions if the walls are installed in a well-balanced manner in the crossing direction and the spanning direction.

  Next, the third solution is to fix the corner pillars and load bearing wall pillar bases, which are most heavily loaded during earthquakes, in wooden houses, with column base side hardware fixed with screw nails, etc., and anchor bases with anchor bolts etc. It is composed of an elastic body or a viscoelastic body interposed between the base side hardware and the column base hardware, and the elastic body and the viscoelastic body are not slid and deformed by shaking such as a small-medium-scale earthquake. It retains its properties and has the property of attenuating shaking by sliding deformation when shaking energy such as a large earthquake exceeding a certain level is applied. In other words, the column base to which the hardware is attached effectively and automatically changes its function from seismic resistance to seismic control, and the hardware that joins the column base with both seismic control and seismic control functions is effective. Further, the packing made of an elastic body or viscoelastic body having the characteristics of claim 5 is fixed between the foundation and the base with an adhesive or the like.

  In addition, the fundamental solution of the present invention has almost the same strength and earthquake resistance as wood, and maintains earthquake resistance without sliding deformation when shaking such as small and medium-scale earthquakes. Use elastic bodies or viscoelastic bodies that have elastic and viscoelastic properties that are slidably deformed and attenuate the vibrations when a large earthquake or other shaking energy is applied, and that effectively and automatically change functions from earthquake resistance to vibration control. It is in.

  The properties of the viscoelastic body absorb energy such as earthquake shaking according to the amount of deformation. The elastic body does not absorb energy, but quickly returns to its original shape when unloaded. By using a viscoelastic body and an elastic body having these characteristics in combination, the hardware and method of the present invention have the seismic resistance and energy due to the energy absorption that the viscoelastic body has and the earthquake resistance and resilience that the elastic body has. Combines seismic control of absorption and the ability to restore house deformation due to earthquakes.

  In addition, the advantages of using these composite members can be easily changed in performance by adjusting the ratio and area of the composite members, and can be developed in a short period of time and at a low cost by combining existing members. It is extremely difficult to develop an equivalent performance member with a single member, and the development period is long and the development cost is high.

  As the combination of the composite members, an oil damper or a spring other than the viscoelastic body and the elastic body may be considered.

  The action of the first solution is that the elastic body or viscoelastic body used in the present invention has almost the same strength and earthquake resistance as wood, and slides on shaking such as small and medium scale earthquakes. By using an elastic body that retains earthquake resistance without deformation, has elasticity and viscoelasticity that reduces sliding and deforms when vibration energy such as a large earthquake exceeding a certain level is applied, that is, has this property, Unlike conventional vibration control structures, the anti-seismic action and the vibration control action cancel each other and the effect is not reduced. In addition, by combining the elastic body or viscoelastic body of this property with brackets and braces, integrated bracing with both functions of seismic control and seismic control is possible, easily and inexpensively on the extension line of existing bracing construction Installation is possible. In addition, by installing the hardware on the diagonal line on the diagonal line in the wall, the vibration control performance and the vibration control performance can cope with the vibration in both horizontal and vertical directions.

  In addition, the second solution has the effect of seismic control in the horizontal and vertical directions by installing the hardware of the present invention diagonally, and the structural wall is arranged in a balanced manner in the spanning direction and the crossing direction. By doing so, both seismic and seismic control effects are effective for shaking in all directions.

  Next, the third solution exhibits a damping and seismic effect against pitching, which has not been much considered in conventional seismic isolation control methods.

  The third and subsequent solutions use a composite material, so that they also have earthquake resistance, energy absorption control, and a house deformation restoration function using an elastic body.

  Hereinafter, the effects of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.

  In the figure, the 1C bracing side hardware is fixed to the 30 bracing ends with a and bolts, and the 1A structure side hardware is fixed to the base or beam with a screw nail or the like, and the 1C bracing side hardware and the 1A structure side hardware are A 1B elastic body or viscoelastic body is bonded between them.

FIG. 6 will be described. Corner pillars 2C fixed to corner pillars and load-bearing wall column bases 40, which are mainly subjected to loads during earthquakes, etc., with screw nails, etc., foundation side hardware 2A fixed to anchors with 50 bolts and strong NIPAKING made of an elastic body or viscoelastic body having the characteristics of claim 5 bonded and fixed between the elastic body or viscoelastic body 2B and 50 base and 60 foundation fixed with a simple adhesive or the like Effectively attenuates the shaking by sliding deformation and so on.

  The 1B elastic body or viscoelastic body used in the present invention has the same strength and earthquake resistance as wood, and does not slide and move in the case of small and medium-scale earthquakes. When shake energy such as a large earthquake is applied, the 1B elastic body or viscoelastic body slides and moves as shown in FIG. 4 to reduce the shake energy. The present invention effectively and automatically changes the seismic and damping functions to minimize damage during an earthquake.

  By installing the hardware of the present invention in 30 bars, it is effective in the horizontal and vertical directions, and as shown in FIG.

  If the bracing wall made of the present invention hardware is installed in a well-balanced direction in the crossing direction, the seismic control hardware of the present invention will not impair the earthquake resistance, so the maximum seismic performance class 3 that is effective in all directions It is an ideal wooden anti-seismic construction method that has the seismic control effect that reduces large shaking energy as well as easily securing the above.

  FIG. 7 is a view showing a composite member according to the present invention. The graph of FIG. 8 shows that after the unloading of the elastic body and the viscoelastic body, which are composite members, the elastic body quickly returns to the original shape while the viscoelastic body generates heat. That is, the composite member of the present invention returns to its original shape while generating heat.

  The present invention solves the disadvantages of the conventional seismic construction method, seismic isolation method, and seismic control method at low cost, and can be constructed by conventional techniques, and has a function of restoring deformation caused by an earthquake that has never existed before.

  In addition, the advantage of incorporating both seismic control and seismic control functions into the brace is great, avoiding canceling the effect of seismic and seismic control, and being able to be constructed easily in conformity with building standards and at low cost. .

Wall structure diagram showing wall structure of the present invention Three-dimensional view showing the form of the hardware Partial sectional view showing the same hardware structure Hardware cross section showing the sliding action Plan view showing the arrangement of the structural walls Three-dimensional view of load-bearing wall column base hardware Cross section of load-bearing wall column base hardware Cross section of load-bearing wall column base hardware Cross section of brace Viscoelastic body, elastic composite material diagram Viscoelastic body, elastic composite material characteristics graph

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Pillar 20 Base or beam 30 Bracing 1A Structure side metal fitting 1B Elastic body or viscoelastic body 1C Bracing side metal fitting a Boltro screw nail which fixes bracing side metal fitting 1C and bracing 30

Claims (11)

Hardware that is fixedly attached to the bracing ends installed diagonally in the wall to enhance structural strength and earthquake resistance in wooden houses, etc., hardware that is fixedly installed on the structural material side, and hardware on the structural material side It is composed of an elastic body or a viscoelastic body interposed between the braces side hardware,
The elastic body and the viscoelastic body have almost the same hardness, strength, and earthquake resistance as wood, and do not slide and deform in response to vibrations such as small and medium-scale earthquakes. It has elasticity and viscoelasticity that reduces sliding and deforms when shaking energy such as earthquake is applied, that is, the brace attached with the hardware effectively and automatically changes its function from earthquake resistance to vibration control both in the horizontal and vertical directions Integrated hardware with both functions of seismic control that is effective for shaking of earthquakes.   The hardware according to claim 1, wherein the brace-side hardware, the structure-side hardware, and the elastic body or viscoelastic body are integrated.   A wall in which the hardware is incorporated.   Seismic control structure of wooden house which arranges the wall of Claim 3 in which said hardware or claim 2 is incorporated in the spanning direction and the crossing direction, and exhibits both seismic control effect on the shaking at the time of earthquake in all directions . In the first, second, third, fourth, sixth, seventh, eighth, etc., the strength equivalent to that of wood without sliding deformation with small and medium-scale earthquake shaking energy used in the present invention. An elastic body or viscoelastic body that retains earthquake resistance and has the property of slidably deforming the vibration energy of medium-scale earthquakes or more to attenuate the vibration energy.   Elasticity intervened between the column base hardware fixed to the corner column and the load-bearing wall column base with screw nails, etc. in the wooden house, etc., and the base metal and column base hardware fixed to the base with anchor bolts, etc. The elastic body and the viscoelastic body have the properties of claim 5 and maintain earthquake resistance without being slid and deformed by shaking such as small and medium-scale earthquakes. When shaking energy such as a large earthquake is applied, it is slid and deformed to attenuate the shaking. That is to say, the column base to which the hardware is attached is a hardware that joins the column bases having both seismic control and seismic control functions that effectively and automatically change the function from seismic resistance to seismic control.   A packing for attenuating shaking energy during an earthquake in which an elastic body or viscoelastic body having the characteristics of claim 5 is fixed between a foundation and a base in a wooden house with an adhesive or the like.   A construction method having both seismic and seismic control functions in a wooden house having both claim 6 and claim 7 in claim 4.   Uses the viscoelastic and elastic composite material used for braces, column base hardware, packing, etc., which has the ability to attenuate earthquake shaking energy and seismic performance, and has the function of restoring home deformation after an earthquake. The brace fitting, the column base hardware, and the packing. In the previous period, the viscosity used in the bracing brackets and column base hardware, packing, etc., which has the ability to attenuate the vibration energy of the earthquake used in claim 9 and the earthquake resistance, and the home deformation recovery function after the earthquake. Composite member of elastic body and elastic body. The hardware and packing produced by combining the composite material with a material other than the viscoelastic body and the elastic body.

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