JP2008118953A - Supplemental light device for plant - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To inexpensively and efficiently catch and kill a harmful insect only by adding a simple constitution to an existing device without newly adding an insect inducing factor in a supplemental light device for plant. <P>SOLUTION: The device 1 includes a light source 3, a light reflecting plate 4 for reflecting the light of the light source 3, and a housing 5 for housing the light source 3 and the light reflecting plate 4. The light reflecting plate 4 includes a light transmission part 40 for transmitting part of the light of the light source 3 into the housing 5 and the housing 5 includes an opening part 51 for emitting the light transmitted through the light transmission part 40 to the outside of the housing 5 to induce an insect X to be introduced into the housing 5 and a capturing part 52 for capturing the insect X. The capturing part 52 is constituted so as to conduct the heat discharged from the light source 3 and the insect X captured by the capturing part 52 is killed/dried by the heat conducted from the light source 3. Since the light and heat emitted from the light source 3 are utilized in the induction and catching/killing of the insect X, the harmful insect can be caught and killed by the simple constitution. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2008,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a plant supplementary illumination device that irradiates a plant with illumination light.

  Conventionally, by artificially irradiating plants with illumination light to supplement daytime sunlight, etc., to improve the color of flowers and leaves, or to adjust the flowering time (or shipping time) of plants Plant supplementary lighting devices are known. In general, supplemental light for plants using such an illumination device is often implemented from evening to sunset or before dawn. However, since insect activity becomes active during these time periods, many insects are attracted by supplementary illumination light, and these insects cause damage to plants such as feeding damage and viral diseases. Sometimes.

  In order to reduce the damage as described above, for example, a method of exterminating insects by installing an insect trapping device equipped with an insect (ultraviolet) lamp or the like as shown in Patent Document 1 at a position slightly away from a plant. Can be considered. This insect trapping device includes an insect attracting unit that emits light that attracts insects and an insect heating unit that heats and kills insects. The insect heating unit includes an infrared laser oscillator, and kills insects by emitting infrared rays to the insects attracted by the insect attracting part.

In addition, as a lighting device capable of supplementing light to cultivated plants and reducing damage caused by insects, for example, as shown in Patent Document 2, a first light that emits light having a light emission peak at a wavelength of 580 to 700 nm is disclosed. And a second light source that emits light having an emission peak at a wavelength of 700 to 800 nm. This lighting device obtains a night owl control effect by the light emitted from the first light source, and obtains a flowering and growth promoting effect of the plant by the light emitted from the second light source.
JP 2003-339291 A JP 2004-93 A

  However, when the insect trapping device as shown in Patent Document 1 is installed, a new attracting factor is added in addition to the plant supplementary lighting device, and therefore attracts more insects than the light for plant supplementing. May end up. In addition, this insect trapping device has a relatively large insect attracting part etc. so that insects can be killed effectively. Depending on the installation position, it shields sunlight in the daytime and prevents plant growth. It may end up.

  Moreover, since the illumination device shown in Patent Document 2 uses two types of light sources, it is not preferable for energy saving, and a light source that emits light of a specific wavelength component is used. A kind cannot be chosen freely and the kind of plant to grow as a result will also be limited. In addition, there is no effect on insects that are not repellent to the light emitted from the first light source, and insects that fly near plants cannot be killed.

  The present invention solves the above-mentioned problems, and kills pests efficiently and inexpensively by simply adding a simple structure to an existing plant supplementary lighting device without adding a new worming factor. An object of the present invention is to provide a plant supplementary lighting device that can be used.

  In order to solve the above-described problems, the invention of claim 1 is directed to a light source that irradiates light to a plant, a light reflector that reflects light emitted from the light source toward the plant, the light source, and light reflection. A plant supplementary lighting apparatus comprising: a housing for storing a plate, wherein the light reflecting plate includes a light transmitting portion that transmits a part of light from the light source into the housing. The light transmitted through the light transmitting part is released to the outside of the casing to attract insects, and an opening for drawing the attracted insects into the casing, and a capture for capturing the insects drawn into the casing. And the capture unit is configured to be able to conduct heat emitted from the light source, and insects captured by the capture unit are killed and dried by the heat conducted from the light source. Is.

  According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the plant supplementary lighting apparatus insect according to the first aspect, the shape of the opening is formed so that the entrance part of the insect is wide and the exit part is narrow.

  According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the plant supplementary lighting device according to the first or second aspect, the inner surface of the capturing part is a diffuse reflection surface.

  According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in the plant supplementary lighting device according to any one of the first to third aspects, the outer surface of the casing is blue, yellow, pink, or any combination thereof. It is colored in a different color.

  According to the first aspect of the present invention, the insect is attracted to the capture unit using a part of the light emitted from the light source for plant supplementation, and the insect in the capture unit is utilized using the heat emitted from the light source. Can be killed. Therefore, it is not necessary to provide a light source that becomes a new insect attracting factor or a separate heating insecticidal means, and the insect pest can be killed efficiently and inexpensively with a simple configuration.

  According to the invention of claim 2, since the shape of the opening is formed so that insects can easily enter from the outside of the housing into the enclosure and hardly come out of the enclosure from outside the enclosure, improves.

  According to the invention of claim 3, among the light irradiated from the light source, the light that has passed through the light transmitting portion and entered the capturing portion is diffusely reflected on the inner surface of the capturing portion, so that the light is captured in the capturing portion. Disperse uniformly. Therefore, when a plurality of openings are provided in the enclosure, the intensity of the light emitted from the openings to the outside of the enclosure is uniform, and the insects around the device are not limited to their existing positions, but with an equal probability. Attracted to each opening. Therefore, insects do not concentrate on a specific opening, and the insect attracting efficiency is improved as a whole device.

  According to the invention of claim 4, when sunlight illuminates the outer surface of the housing during the daytime, diurnal insects are attracted by the color colored on the outer surface of the housing. In this way, if insects are attracted to the outer surface of the housing in the daytime, in the evening, when supplementary light to the plant is started and light is emitted from the opening, the capture in the housing from the opening Insects can be efficiently guided to the part.

  Hereinafter, a plant supplementary lighting apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2. The plant supplementary lighting device 1 of the present embodiment includes a light source 3 that irradiates light to a plant 2 to be cultivated, a light reflector 4 that reflects light emitted from the light source 3 toward the plant 2, and And a housing 5 that houses the light source 3 and the light reflection plate 4. The plant supplementary lighting device 1 is installed on at least one of the upper part or the oblique upper part of the cultivation bench 7 on which the plant 2 is placed. The plant 2 is not particularly limited, but is generally a plant whose quality is improved by supplementary illumination light and is easily damaged by insects.

  The light source 3 is a straight tube type light source that can be installed in parallel to the long side of the cultivation bench 7, and emits intense light and heat that can kill insects. Need to be able to. Moreover, although the wavelength of the light irradiated from the light source 3 is determined according to the property of the plant 2 to be cultivated, it is necessary to include at least a wavelength that attracts a pest to be controlled. From the viewpoint of plant photosynthesis efficiency with respect to unit power, it is preferable to use a high-intensity discharge lamp or the like that irradiates light containing a large amount of light components in the vicinity of approximately 500 to 700 nm.

  The light reflection plate 4 is formed in a substantially bowl shape so that the straight tube type light source 3 is wound so that the light irradiated from the light source 3 can be effectively reflected toward the cultivation bench 7. This substantially bowl-shaped light reflecting plate 4 is formed by pressing a strip-like flat plate subjected to high reflection processing so that a cross section perpendicular to the long side is concave. In addition, a metal plate having high thermal conductivity is used for the flat plate that is the prototype of the light reflecting plate 4.

  In addition, a light transmission portion 40 that transmits a part of the light emitted from the light source 3 into the housing 5 is provided at an end portion in a cross section perpendicular to the long side of the light reflection plate 4. The light transmitting portion 40 is provided with through holes at predetermined intervals in the light reflecting plate 4 so as to transmit light incident from the light source 3 and prevent insects entering the housing 5 from going to the light source 3 side. Therefore, a glass member, a heat-resistant translucent resin, or the like, or a mesh member having a mesh that does not allow insects to pass through is installed in the through hole. Moreover, the installation position and the number of installation of the light transmission part 40 are suitably determined within a range in which the reflection efficiency of the light reflection plate 4 is not lowered.

  The housing 5 has a size sufficient to accommodate the light reflection plate 4 described above, and a light emission port for emitting light emitted from the light source 3 and light reflected by the light reflection plate 4 to the bottom surface thereof. 50. Further, an opening for releasing the light transmitted through the light transmitting portion 40 to the outside of the housing 5 and attracting insects and drawing the attracted insects into the housing 5 is provided on the upper surface and side surfaces of the housing 5. 51 is provided.

  A space in which the bottom surface of the housing 5 and the end of the light reflecting plate 4 are joined without a gap, and is partitioned by the inner surface of the housing 5 and the back surface of the light reflecting plate 4 (surface opposite to the reflecting surface). Is a capture unit 52 that traps and captures insects drawn into the housing 5 through the opening 51. As described above, the light reflecting plate 4 constituting a part of the capturing unit 52 is disposed at a position close to the light source 3 and is made of a metal plate having high thermal conductivity. The heat radiated from 3 is easily conducted. As a material of the housing 5, for example, a metal material having sufficient strength and durability against wind and rain such as aluminum or stainless steel or a heat-resistant resin material is used.

  The inner surface of the capture unit 52 has a high diffusivity and a reflectivity so that light emitted from the light source 3 and transmitted through the light transmission unit 40 is efficiently emitted from the opening 51 to the outside of the housing 5. It is configured. Specifically, the inner surface of the capture part 52 is subjected to a surface treatment such as highly reflective white coating, aluminum vapor deposition, or silver vapor deposition, and further, a mat-like fine unevenness is formed on the surface. Can be considered.

  As described above, when the inner surface of the capture unit 52 is configured as a diffuse reflection surface, light transmitted from the light source 3 through the light transmission unit 40 and incident on the capture unit 52 is diffusely reflected in the capture unit 52. The light is dispersed throughout the capture unit 52. Therefore, when the housing 5 is provided with a plurality of openings 51, the intensity of light emitted from the openings 51 to the outside of the housing 5 becomes uniform, and the insects present around the device 1 The openings 51 are attracted to each opening 51 with equal probability. Therefore, the insects X are not concentrated and attracted only at the specific opening 51, and the insect attracting efficiency is improved as the whole plant supplementary illumination.

  Next, the shape of the opening 51 will be described with reference to FIGS. The shape of the opening 51 is such that the entrance A of the insect X from the outside of the housing 5 is wide and the exit B leading to the inside of the housing 5 is narrow. The diameters of the inlet portion A and the outlet portion B are appropriately determined depending on the size of the insect to be captured, but are preferably slightly larger than the general size of the insect. As shown in FIG. 3A, the shape of the opening 51 as described above is a cylindrical member in which a through hole having a predetermined hole diameter is formed in the housing 5 and has a tapered appearance like a funnel. 53 is formed by bonding the large-diameter mouth side (inlet part A) to the above-described through hole with the tapered small-diameter mouth (outlet part B) side inside the housing 5. In addition, when a translucent resin or the like is used as a material constituting the member 53, more light (dotted arrow in the figure) is radiated from the inside of the housing 5, so that the insect attracting effect is improved.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 3B, the opening 51 may be formed in a shape such that the tapered inlet portion A protrudes out of the housing 5. At this time, it is desirable that the diameter of the through-hole formed in the housing 5 is smaller than that when the member 53 is attached. Moreover, if the high reflection process is performed on the inner side surface 54 of the insect introduction port, the light in the housing 5 (the dotted line arrow in the figure) is effectively radiated out of the housing 5 and the insect attracting effect is improved.

  Further, as a method of forming the opening 51 more simply, a U-shaped or c-shaped cut 55 is made in the housing 5, a portion connected to the housing 5 is bent, and the cut portion 55 is formed. There is also a method in which the opening 51 is formed by pushing into the inside of the housing 5 (see FIG. 3C). In addition, if the cut portion 55 is subjected to a high reflection treatment, the insect attracting effect is improved as described above.

  Next, the usage aspect of the plant supplementary lighting apparatus 1 of this embodiment is demonstrated with reference to drawing mentioned above. Most of the light emitted from the light source 3 is reflected directly or by the light reflector 4 and is emitted to the range indicated by the broken line in FIG. In addition, of the light emitted from the light source 3, the light transmitted through the light transmitting portion 40 is diffusely reflected on the inner surface of the housing 5 and emitted from the opening 51 to the outside of the housing 5 (dotted arrow in FIG. 2). To show). Of the insects existing in the vicinity of the plant supplementary lighting device 1, the insect X located above the light exit 50 is attracted by the light emitted from the opening 51 and enters the housing 5 from the opening 51. To do. As described above, the opening 51 is configured such that the entrance of the insect X is wide and the exit is narrow, and the insect X is attracted to the vicinity of the light transmitting portion 40 close to the light source 3. Most of the insects X that have entered the housing 5 are captured by the capturing unit 52 without escaping out of the housing 5.

  Further, as described above, since the light reflecting plate 4 is made of a metal material having high thermal conductivity, the heat emitted from the light source 3 is easily conducted in the capturing section 52. For example, in the plant supplementary lighting device 1 of this embodiment, when a 940 W high-pressure sodium lamp was used as the light source 3, it was measured that the surface temperature of the light reflector 4 reached 100 to 140 ° C. In general, insects are considered to die at temperatures above 80 ° C. Therefore, when the insect X attracted into the housing 5 through the opening 51 touches the high-temperature light reflection plate 4, it quickly dies. Further, when the high-pressure sodium lamp is turned on, the temperature of the internal space of the capture unit 52 is measured to be 50 ° C. or higher, and the insect X captured in the capture unit 52 touches the light reflector 4. Even without it, it will die without taking so long.

  As described above, the plant supplementary lighting apparatus according to the present embodiment uses a part of the light emitted from the light source 3 to attract the insect X to the capture unit 52 provided in the housing 5, and The insect X is killed using the heat conducted from the light source 3. Therefore, it is not necessary to provide a light source for attracting insects that becomes a new factor of attracting insects, or an insecticidal means for killing the captured insect X, and the insect pests can be captured and extinguished at a low cost with a simple configuration. Moreover, since the high temperature is maintained while the light source 3 is lit, the capturing unit 52 takes away moisture from the insect X carcass and promotes drying of the carcass. Therefore, the carcass does not rot due to moisture contained in the insect X carcass and does not emit a strange odor. Further, for example, if a door-like structure is provided on the bottom surface or the lower side of the housing 5, the wrecked insect X remains can be easily discarded.

  In addition, the outer surface of the housing 5 is painted with an attractive color adapted to the nature of the insect to be captured, such as blue, yellow, pink, or any combination of these colors. The sheet may be pasted. For example, as shown in FIGS. 4 (a) to 4 (c), the outer surface of the housing 5 may be applied with a striped pattern or the like in which the above attracting colors are appropriately combined (FIG. 4 ( a) and (c)), a coating of irregularly attracted patches like a mosaic pattern or affixing a sheet may be applied (FIG. 4B). The color schemes and patterns shown in FIGS. 4A to 4C are examples, and the color schemes and the like actually applied to the outer surface of the housing 5 are not limited to these. Further, when there are a plurality of types of insects to be captured, each surface constituting the housing 5 may be colored with a different attracting color or a pattern combining different attracting colors.

  If the outer surface of the housing 5 is colored as described above, when the sunlight illuminates the outer surface of the housing 5 during the daytime, the daytime will vary depending on the color of the outer surface of the housing 5. Sex insects are attracted. In this way, when insects are attracted to the outer surface of the housing 5 in the daytime, in the evening, supplementary light to the plant is started, and when light is emitted from the opening 51, the opening 51 Insects are efficiently guided to the capture unit 52 in the housing 5.

  Examples of the insect X to be captured by the plant supplementary lighting device 1 of the present embodiment include aphids, stink bugs, butterflies, fleas, flies, thrips such as citrus thrips, southern thrips, Examples include leafhoppers such as legumes, tomato leaflets, eggplant leaf flies, silver leaf whitefly, whitefly such as Onsitsuna whitefly, night moths such as Tobacco spp. In particular, thrips, leafhoppers, whiteflies and the like are insects that are effectively captured by coloring the outer surface of the housing 5 because they are active around the plant in the daytime.

  The present invention attracts insects using light emitted from the light source 3 provided in the illumination device 1, captures the insects X in the housing 5 of the illumination device 1, and captures the insects X As long as it is insecticidal and dried by the heat emitted from the light source 3, various modifications can be made without being limited to the above-described configuration. In addition, in view of the necessity of pest control, the present invention is supposed to be used as plant supplementary lighting, but may be used as normal outdoor lighting, for example.

The perspective view in the example of installation of the plant supplementary lighting apparatus which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention. Sectional drawing perpendicular | vertical to the longitudinal direction in the said apparatus. (A)-(c) is sectional drawing which shows the example of the opening part in the said apparatus. (A)-(c) is a figure which shows the example of a painting of the attracting color which attracts the insect given to the outer surface of the housing | casing in the said apparatus.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Plant supplementary illumination apparatus 2 Plant 3 Light source 4 Light reflector 40 Light transmission part 5 Case 51 Opening part 52 Capture part A Inlet part B Outlet part X Insect

Claims (4)

A plant supplementary illumination comprising: a light source that emits light to a plant; a light reflector that reflects light emitted from the light source toward the plant; and a housing that houses the light source and the light reflector. In the device
The light reflecting plate includes a light transmitting portion that transmits a part of light from the light source into the housing.
The casing is drawn into the casing, and an opening for drawing the attracted insect into the casing, as well as attracting insects by releasing the light transmitted through the light transmitting portion to the outside of the casing. A capture unit for capturing insects,
The capture unit is configured to be able to conduct heat emitted from the light source, and insects captured by the capture unit are killed and dried by the heat conducted from the light source. Supplementary lighting device.   The plant supplementary lighting device according to claim 1, wherein the shape of the opening is formed such that an insect entrance is wide and an exit is narrow.   The plant supplementary illumination device according to claim 1, wherein an inner surface of the capture unit is a diffuse reflection surface.   The plant supplement according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein an outer surface of the housing is colored in blue, yellow, pink, or a color arbitrarily combined with these colors. Light illumination device.