JP2008117089A - Apparatus, method and program for predicting building vibration - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an apparatus, a method and a program for predicting building vibration that are capable of predicting with high accuracy the state of vibration within a building due to external vibration. <P>SOLUTION: A CPU 22 obtains acceleration information showing acceleration at each frequency of vibration produced at a source of excitation according to an exciting force applied to the source of excitation located outside the building, damping factor information showing a damping factor at each frequency of vibration due to ground between the source of excitation and the building, loss rate information showing a loss rate at each frequency of vibration when the vibration is input to the building via the ground, and resonance amplification factor information showing a resonance amplification factor at each frequency of vibration in the building. Based on the acceleration information, damping factor information, loss rate information, and resonance amplification factor information obtained, the CPU 22 then derives a physical quantity showing the state of vibration produced inside the building according to the exciting force, and displays on a display 18 information showing the derived physical quantity. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2008,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a building vibration prediction apparatus, a building vibration prediction method, and a building vibration prediction program. More specifically, the present invention relates to a building vibration prediction that predicts a vibration generation state according to an excitation force from outside the building in the building. The present invention relates to a device, a building vibration prediction method, and a building vibration prediction program.

  In recent years, technology that can predict the occurrence of vibrations in the building, which is likely to cause complaints after the building is completed, before the construction planning stage of the building with little definite information and before vibration countermeasures after operation Is desired.

  As a conventional technique that can be applied to meet this demand, Patent Document 1 classifies vibration level prediction in a building according to presence or absence of ground vibration and building resonance in a building having the same structure system as the building. A technique is disclosed in which any one of two-stage average vibration level amplification amounts and the ground vibration level measured by vibration measurement are added.

Further, Patent Document 2 is a method for evaluating vibration of a building caused by a living activity in a building, in which a standard model of a reference building is created in advance, and a predetermined reference external force is applied to the building of the standard model. The first vibration response value when applied, and the second vibration when the external force is applied to the building of the standard model assuming a specific living action that assumes the building vibration generated by the living action in the building A response value is obtained, and an individual model incorporating a structural element of a building designed individually with respect to the standard model building is created, and a third reference external force is applied to the individual model building. A technique is disclosed in which the vibration response value of the building is evaluated and the vibration of the building generated by the daily activities in the individually designed building is evaluated based on the first, second, and third vibration response values.
JP 2001-215167 A JP 2003-3590 A

  By the way, in order to accurately predict the state of vibration generated in the building due to vibration from the outside of the building, the vibration state at the excitation source and the vibration attenuation state due to the ground between the excitation source and the building In addition, it is necessary to consider the characteristics on the vibration propagation path from the excitation source to the building and the characteristics of the building itself, such as the effect of suppressing the vibration when the vibration is input from the ground to the building, and the resonance state in the building.

  However, since the technique disclosed in Patent Document 1 does not take into account the attenuation state and the suppression effect, the state of vibration in the building caused by external vibration can always be predicted with high accuracy. There was a problem that it was not always.

  Moreover, the technique disclosed in Patent Document 2 is intended for a case where the excitation source is present inside the building, and cannot predict the state of vibration in the building due to external vibration. There was a problem that.

  The present invention has been made to solve the above-described problems, and is a building vibration prediction apparatus, a building vibration prediction method, and a building vibration prediction capable of accurately predicting a state of vibration in a building caused by external vibration. The purpose is to provide a program.

  In order to achieve the above object, the building vibration prediction apparatus according to claim 1 is a vibration frequency generated in an excitation source according to an excitation force applied to the excitation source located outside the building. Acceleration information indicating an acceleration for each, attenuation rate information indicating an attenuation rate for each vibration frequency of the vibration by the ground between the excitation source and the building, and the vibration when inputting to the building via the ground Acquisition means for acquiring loss rate information indicating a loss rate for each vibration frequency, and resonance amplification factor information indicating a resonance amplification factor for each vibration frequency of the vibration in the building, and the acceleration information acquired by the acquisition means Derivation means for deriving a physical quantity indicating a state of vibration generated inside the building according to the excitation force based on the attenuation rate information, the loss rate information, and the resonance amplification factor information; and Derived by means And and a display means for displaying information indicative of the physical quantity.

  According to the building vibration prediction apparatus according to claim 1, an acceleration indicating an acceleration for each frequency of vibration generated in the excitation source according to the excitation force applied to the excitation source located outside the building. Information, attenuation rate information indicating the attenuation rate for each vibration frequency due to the ground between the excitation source and the building, loss for each vibration frequency when input to the building via the ground Loss rate information indicating a rate and resonance amplification rate information indicating a resonance amplification rate for each frequency of the vibration in the building are acquired by the acquisition unit. In addition, in the acquisition of acceleration information, attenuation rate information, loss rate information, and resonance amplification factor information by the acquisition means, acquisition of measured values via an input device such as a keyboard, pointing device, touch panel, tablet, In addition to acquisition from an external device via a communication line such as a local area network, the Internet, or an intranet, acquisition by substituting a predetermined parameter into a predetermined arithmetic expression is included.

  Here, in the present invention, based on the acceleration information, the attenuation rate information, the loss rate information, and the resonance amplification factor information acquired by the acquisition unit by the derivation unit, A physical quantity indicating the state of vibration generated inside the building is derived, and information indicating the physical quantity is displayed by the display means. The display by the display means includes a visible display by a display device or the like, a permanent visible display by an image forming device or the like, and an audible display by a speech synthesizer or the like.

  Thus, according to the building vibration prediction apparatus according to claim 1, for each frequency of vibration generated in the excitation source according to the excitation force applied to the excitation source located outside the building. Acceleration information indicating acceleration, attenuation rate information indicating the attenuation rate for each vibration frequency by the ground between the excitation source and the building, vibration of the vibration when input to the building via the ground Loss rate information indicating a loss rate for each number and resonance amplification rate information indicating a resonance amplification rate for each frequency of the vibration in the building are acquired, and the acquired acceleration information, attenuation rate information, and loss rate information are acquired. And, based on the resonance amplification factor information, a physical quantity indicating a state of vibration generated in the building according to the excitation force is derived, and information indicating the derived physical quantity is displayed. Of vibrations in buildings due to vibrations It is possible to predict the state with high accuracy.

  According to the present invention, as in the invention described in claim 2, the derivation means calculates values of the acceleration information, the attenuation rate information, the loss rate information, and the resonance amplification factor information for the same frequency. The physical quantity may be derived by multiplication. Thereby, the state of vibration in the building caused by external vibration can be predicted more easily.

  Further, according to the present invention, as in the invention described in claim 3, the derivation means may derive the physical quantity for each predetermined condition. Thereby, the state of vibration in the building resulting from external vibration can be predicted with higher accuracy.

  In particular, the invention described in claim 3 is the same as that described in claim 4, wherein the predetermined condition includes a plurality of predetermined durations of the vibration, a use of the building, and the building. It is also possible to include at least one of the directions of vibrations generated within. Thereby, the state of vibration in the building caused by external vibration can be predicted for each condition included in the predetermined condition.

  Further, according to a fourth aspect of the present invention, as in the fifth aspect of the present invention, the plurality of types of durations include a time at which the vibration continuously occurs and a time at which the vibration occurs discontinuously. And the building uses a first use as a general office, a second use as a reception room and a meeting room, and a third use as a residence room, and the direction of vibration is horizontal. And the vertical direction. Thereby, the state of the vibration in the building resulting from the external vibration can be predicted for each applied condition.

  By the way, if the frequency is low and the wavelength is sufficiently long, the ground vibration and the foundation of the building will move in the same way.

  Therefore, the present invention may be such that the loss rate has an upper limit of 1 as in the invention described in claim 6. As a result, it is possible to predict the vibration state in the building due to external vibration more easily and with higher accuracy.

  Further, as in the invention described in claim 7, the present invention further includes storage means in which allowable range information indicating the allowable range of the physical quantity is stored in advance, and the display means stores the information indicating the physical quantity as the information. It is good also as what displays with tolerance | permissible_range information. Thereby, it is possible to easily determine whether or not the prediction result is within the allowable range, and convenience can be improved.

  In particular, the invention described in claim 7 is the same as the invention described in claim 8, wherein the allowable range information does not cause complaints by the user and secure range information indicating a range that must include the physical quantity. It is good also as what is the information of 2 steps | paragraphs of the target range information which shows the range predetermined statistically as a thing. Thereby, the convenience can be improved more.

  Further, according to the present invention, as in the ninth aspect, the derivation means may further derive the physical quantity when the vibration generated in the building is suppressed by using a tuned mass damper. Thereby, the convenience can be improved more.

  On the other hand, in order to achieve the above object, a building vibration prediction method according to claim 10 is a method for predicting vibration generated in an excitation source according to an excitation force applied to an excitation source located outside the building. Acceleration information indicating the acceleration for each frequency, attenuation rate information indicating the attenuation rate for each frequency of the vibration by the ground between the excitation source and the building, when inputting to the building via the ground Loss rate information indicating a loss rate for each vibration frequency and resonance amplification factor information indicating a resonance amplification factor for each vibration frequency in the building are acquired, and the acquired acceleration information, the attenuation rate information, Based on the loss rate information and the resonance amplification factor information, a physical quantity indicating a state of vibration generated in the building according to the excitation force is derived, and information indicating the derived physical quantity is displayed. It is.

  Therefore, according to the building vibration prediction method of the tenth aspect, since it operates in the same manner as the invention of the first aspect, the vibration state in the building caused by the external vibration is the same as the first aspect of the invention. Can be predicted with high accuracy.

  Note that, in the invention described in claim 10, as in the invention described in claim 11, the values of the acceleration information, the attenuation rate information, the loss rate information, and the resonance amplification factor information are multiplied by the same frequency. Thus, the physical quantity may be derived. Thereby, the state of vibration in the building caused by external vibration can be predicted more easily.

  Further, the invention according to claim 10 or claim 11 may derive the physical quantity for each predetermined condition as in the invention according to claim 12. Thereby, the state of vibration in the building resulting from external vibration can be predicted with higher accuracy.

  Further, according to a twelfth aspect of the present invention, as in the thirteenth aspect of the present invention, the predetermined condition includes a plurality of predetermined durations of the vibration, a use of the building, and the building. It is also possible to include at least one of the directions of vibrations generated within. Thereby, the state of vibration in the building caused by external vibration can be predicted for each condition included in the predetermined condition.

  On the other hand, in order to achieve the above object, a building vibration prediction program according to claim 14 is configured to detect a vibration generated in an excitation source according to an excitation force applied to the excitation source located outside the building. Acceleration information indicating the acceleration for each frequency, attenuation rate information indicating the attenuation rate for each frequency of the vibration by the ground between the excitation source and the building, when inputting to the building via the ground An acquisition step of acquiring loss rate information indicating a loss rate for each vibration frequency of the vibration, and a resonance amplification factor information indicating a resonance amplification factor for each vibration frequency of the vibration in the building, and the acquired by the acquisition step A derivation step for deriving a physical quantity indicating a state of vibration generated inside the building according to the excitation force based on acceleration information, the attenuation rate information, the loss rate information, and the resonance amplification factor information; A display step of displaying the information indicating the physical quantity derived by serial deriving step is intended to execute on a computer.

  Therefore, according to the building vibration prediction program of the fourteenth aspect, the computer can be caused to act in the same manner as the first aspect of the invention. Therefore, similarly to the first aspect of the invention, it is caused by external vibration. The state of vibration in the building can be predicted with high accuracy.

  In the fourteenth aspect of the present invention, as in the fifteenth aspect of the present invention, the derivation step includes the same vibration of the acceleration information, the attenuation rate information, the loss rate information, and the resonance amplification rate information. The physical quantity may be derived by multiplying a value for each number. Thereby, the state of vibration in the building caused by external vibration can be predicted more easily.

  In the invention described in claim 14 or claim 15, as in the invention described in claim 16, the deriving step may derive the physical quantity for each predetermined condition. Thereby, the state of vibration in the building resulting from external vibration can be predicted with higher accuracy.

  Further, according to a sixteenth aspect of the present invention, as in the seventeenth aspect of the present invention, the predetermined condition includes a plurality of predetermined durations of the vibration, a use of the building, and the building. It is also possible to include at least one of the directions of vibrations generated within. Thereby, the state of vibration in the building caused by external vibration can be predicted for each condition included in the predetermined condition.

  According to the present invention, the acceleration information indicating the acceleration for each frequency of vibration generated in the excitation source according to the excitation force applied to the excitation source located outside the building, the excitation source, Attenuation rate information indicating the attenuation rate for each vibration frequency due to the ground between the building, loss rate information indicating the loss rate for each vibration frequency when input to the building via the ground, And acquiring the resonance amplification factor information indicating the resonance amplification factor for each vibration frequency of the building, and based on the acquired acceleration information, the attenuation factor information, the loss factor information, and the resonance amplification factor information, Since the physical quantity indicating the state of vibration generated inside the building is derived according to the excitation force, and the information indicating the derived physical quantity is displayed, the state of vibration in the building due to external vibration is displayed. Can be predicted with high accuracy, It says the effect can be obtained.

  The best mode for carrying out the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the drawings.

  First, with reference to FIG.1 and FIG.2, the structure of the building vibration prediction apparatus 10 with which this invention was applied is demonstrated.

  As shown in FIG. 1, a building vibration prediction apparatus 10 according to the present embodiment includes a control unit 12 that controls the overall operation of the apparatus, a keyboard 14 and a mouse that are used to input various information from the user. 16 and a display 18 for displaying processing results by this apparatus, various menu screens, messages, and the like. That is, the building vibration prediction apparatus 10 according to the present embodiment is configured by a general-purpose personal computer.

  Next, with reference to FIG. 2, the principal part structure of the electric system of the building vibration prediction apparatus 10 which concerns on this Embodiment is demonstrated.

  As shown in the figure, the building vibration prediction apparatus 10 includes a CPU (central processing unit) 22 that controls the operation of the entire building vibration prediction apparatus 10, and a RAM (Random) used as a work area when the CPU 22 executes various programs. Access Memory) 24, a ROM (Read Only Memory) 26 in which various control programs, various parameters, and the like are stored in advance, a hard disk 28 that functions as a storage means used to store various information, and the keyboard 14, The mouse 16 and the display 18 and an external interface 30 for exchanging various kinds of information between external devices are provided, and these units are electrically connected to each other by a system bus BUS. . A printer 50 (not shown in FIG. 1) is connected to the external interface 30.

  Therefore, the CPU 22 accesses the RAM 24, ROM 26 and hard disk 28, acquires various information via the keyboard 14 and mouse 16, displays various information on the display 18, and prints various information using the printer 50 via the external interface 30. , Respectively.

  FIG. 3 schematically shows main storage contents of the hard disk 28 provided in the building vibration prediction apparatus 10. As shown in the figure, the hard disk 28 is provided with a database area DT for storing various databases and a program area PG for storing programs for performing various processes.

  The database area DT stores in advance a performance evaluation curve database DT1 that is used when a building vibration prediction program described later is executed.

  The performance evaluation curve database DT1 according to the present embodiment includes a performance evaluation curve related to vertical vibration shown in FIG. 4A as an example and a performance evaluation related to horizontal vibration shown in FIG. 4B as an example. The information indicating the curve is stored. In FIG. 4, V-XX such as V-90 and V-70 and H-XX such as H-90 and H-70 are sine waves of 70 seconds in the vertical direction (V) and the horizontal direction (H). This indicates the level at which XX% of people feel vibrations in an environment where vibration is applied, and this level of evaluation should be set by the building designer with the consent of the architect. . The performance evaluation curve is detailed in the Architectural Institute of Japan Environmental Standards, AIJES-V001-2004, “Guideline for Evaluating Residential Performance on Vibration of Buildings / Explanation”. Omitted.

  By the way, vibration outside the building is generated by applying an excitation force to the excitation source. Therefore, it is preferable to identify how many N (Newton) this excitation force is, and to use this excitation force for the prediction of the vibration generated in the building. However, for example, when the vibration of the target excitation source is vibration due to the passage of the vehicle on the road, it is difficult to directly measure the excitation force applied to the road by the vehicle, and depending on the road surface condition, etc. Since the way in which the excitation force is applied changes, it is not easy to identify the excitation force itself. From this, the building vibration prediction apparatus 10 according to the present embodiment measures the vibration in the vicinity of the excitation source, and predicts the vibration finally generated inside the building based on the measurement result.

FIG. 5 shows an example of a positional relationship between a building to be predicted for vibration (hereinafter referred to as “prediction target building”), an excitation source, and a vibration measurement position. In the figure, r represents the distance (m) between the excitation source and the prediction target building, r ₀ represents the distance (m) between the excitation source and the measurement position, and L represents the prediction target building. Represents the length (m) of the foundation in the direction in which the vibration propagates, and V _S represents the speed (m / s) of the vibration propagating through the ground. Here, the propagation velocity V _S can be obtained by ground property investigation such as boring investigation.

  By the way, vibration generated in a building includes vertical vibration and horizontal vibration. Therefore, in the building vibration prediction apparatus 10 according to the present embodiment, these two directions of vibration are predicted, and vibrations in the vicinity of the excitation source are also measured in the vertical and horizontal directions. Do. In the present embodiment, the vibration is measured using an acceleration sensor. For example, when the measurement position of the vibration is hard such as asphalt, the acceleration sensor is connected to the asphalt. However, if it is soft, such as soil, the soft sensor is excavated to install the acceleration sensor.

  And in this Embodiment, as shown in the following Table 1, Table 2, and FIG. 6 as an example by performing 1/3 octave band frequency analysis to the acceleration obtained by the above measurement, According to the excitation force applied to the excitation source, acceleration information indicating the acceleration for each frequency of vibration generated in the excitation source is obtained.

なお、表１、表２、及び図６に示した測定結果は、図５に示した測定位置における地盤振動のＬ１０による測定結果であり、表１は測定結果を振動加速度レベルで表現したもので、表２は加速度で表現したものであるが、どちらも同じ振動量を表したものである。ここで、上記Ｌ１０は、測定した全時間から得られる振動量の累積度数分布の上端部１０％に相当する値である。なお、これについては、ＪＩＳ Ｚ ８７３５に詳細に記載されているので、これ以上のここでの説明は省略する。ここで、上記Ｌ１０に代えて、測定した全時間から得られる振動量の最大値であるＬｍａｘで評価することもできる。

The measurement results shown in Table 1, Table 2, and FIG. 6 are the measurement results of the ground vibration at the measurement position shown in FIG. 5 by L10, and Table 1 expresses the measurement results as vibration acceleration levels. Table 2 is expressed in terms of acceleration, and both represent the same amount of vibration. Here, L10 is a value corresponding to 10% of the upper end portion of the cumulative frequency distribution of the vibration amount obtained from all the measured times. Since this is described in detail in JIS Z 8735, further explanation here is omitted. Here, instead of the above L10, it is also possible to evaluate with Lmax which is the maximum value of the vibration amount obtained from the entire measured time.

  In the present embodiment, in order to derive the acceleration information, the 1/3 octave band frequency analysis is applied as an analysis to be performed on the measured acceleration. Other conventionally known analysis methods such as frequency analysis, 1/6 octave band frequency analysis, and FFT (Fast Fourier Transform) analysis can also be applied.

  On the other hand, the building vibration prediction device 10 is configured to predict vibration generated in the prediction target building for each predetermined condition (hereinafter referred to as “prediction target condition”). In the building vibration prediction apparatus 10 according to the present embodiment, as the prediction target condition, three types of conditions, that is, the duration of the vibration, the use in the prediction target building, and the direction of vibration generated in the prediction target building, are used. Has been applied.

  Moreover, in the building vibration prediction apparatus 10 according to the present embodiment, as the duration time, a mode in which the vibration is continuously generated (hereinafter referred to as “continuous mode”) and a mode in which the vibration is generated discontinuously ( (Hereinafter referred to as “non-continuous mode”) can be selectively applied, and as a use in the prediction target building, a general office, a reception room and a conference room, a residence room, Any one of the three types of applications can be selectively applied, and any one of the vertical direction and the horizontal direction can be selectively applied as the vibration direction.

  In the building vibration prediction apparatus 10, the two types of modes of the continuous mode and the non-continuous mode are applied as the duration time for the following reason.

  The inventors of the present invention performed the following sensory test with a large number of people (37 persons) for the above duration.

  A subject is placed on a floor surface that can be vibrated in a vertical direction, one by one sitting in a chair and lying on the floor, and in that state, the floor surface is placed in each of a continuous mode and a discontinuous mode, and a plurality of “Vibration strength to feel” and “feel” in the state of being vibrated in a vertical direction for a predetermined period (here, 3 minutes), and assuming that the vibration is in each of a plurality of situations. Survey was conducted on

  FIG. 7 shows the questionnaire sheet used at this time. As shown in the figure, here, three types of V-90, V-70, and V-30 are applied as the strengths of the plurality of vibrations. Sitting in a chair in the office and writing "and" Sitting in the theater / cinema for viewing ". For V-70," sitting in a chair in the meeting room "and" sitting in the theater / cinema " There are two types of V-30: “Sitting in a chair in a conference room”, “Sitting in a theater / movie theater” and “Lying in a theater / movie theater” Each was applied.

  On the other hand, FIG. 8 shows a waveform of vibration used in this sensory test. Here, FIG. 8A shows a vibration waveform corresponding to the continuous mode. Here, a waveform (8 Hz, beat every 5 seconds) generated when aerobics is performed is used. FIG. 8B shows a vibration waveform corresponding to the discontinuous mode. Here, a waveform (8 Hz, internal damping constant h = 5%) generated when walking is used.

  As a result of the above sensory test, a majority of the people “have almost no vibration” at V-30 in the continuous mode and at V-70 in the non-continuous mode, and there was a large difference in vibration sense in each mode. . Therefore, V-30 is a standard in the continuous mode and V-70 is a standard in the non-continuous mode.

  From the above evaluation results and the like, it is considered that the vibration level that a person sees as a problem varies depending on the vibration duration time. Therefore, in the building vibration prediction apparatus 10 according to the present embodiment, the continuous mode mode is Two types of discontinuous mode were applied.

  Next, with reference to FIG. 9, the effect | action of the building vibration prediction apparatus 10 which concerns on this Embodiment is demonstrated. FIG. 9 is a flowchart showing the flow of processing of the building vibration prediction program executed by the CPU 22 when an execution instruction is input by the user operating the keyboard 14, the mouse 16, and the like. Pre-stored in the program area PG.

First, in step 100 of the figure, predetermined information related to the prediction target building and the excitation source is input via the keyboard 14 or the like via a predetermined initial information input screen (not shown). Here, the user inputs information indicating the acceleration information that has been measured and derived in advance by the above-described procedure. Further, the user inputs various information necessary for the subsequent processing such as the distance r, the distance r ₀ , the length L, the propagation speed V _S , and the like through the keyboard 14 and the like. Further, the user inputs a prediction target condition (duration, usage in the prediction target building, and vibration direction) to be applied in the prediction here.

  In the next step 102, as shown below, attenuation rate information indicating the attenuation rate for each frequency of vibration caused by the ground between the excitation source and the prediction target building is derived.

  That is, when a foundation on a semi-infinite homogeneous ground is steadily excited in the vertical direction, it is considered that about 70% of the vibration energy propagates by surface waves (Rayleigh waves; vertical components and horizontal components in the traveling direction of the waves).

  In general, the attenuation rate when an elastic wave propagates through a semi-infinite homogeneous ground can be obtained by the following equation (1).

ここで、Ｘ_ｒは加振源からｒ（ｍ）離れている点の振動振幅を、Ｘ_０は加振源に近い基準の点（ここでは、距離ｒ_０（ｍ）の点（測定位置））の振動振幅を、λは地盤の内部減衰を、ｎは振動の種類による係数（表面波等の２次元的に伝わる円筒波では‘０．５’。）を、各々表す。

Here, the vibration amplitude point X _r is that apart r (m) from the vibration source, X ₀ is a reference point (here close to the vibration source, the distance r ₀ of _(m) the point (measurement position) ) Represents the internal damping of the ground, and n represents a coefficient depending on the type of vibration ('0.5' for a cylindrical wave transmitted in two dimensions such as a surface wave).

Here, the internal attenuation λ is expressed by the following equation (2) by the internal attenuation constant h of soil, the propagation speed V _S of vibration, and the frequency f of vibration.

ここで、伝搬速度Ｖ_Ｓは上述したようにボーリング調査等の地盤特性調査によって得ることができる。また、内部減衰定数ｈは、岩の場合で‘０．０１’、砂・シルトの場合で‘０．１’、粘土・粘土質土壌の場合で‘０．５’程度の値を用いる。更に、ここでは、振動数ｆとして、１／３オクターブバンドの中心周波数（１Ｈｚ、１．２５Ｈｚ、１．６Ｈｚ、２Ｈｚ、２．５Ｈｚ、３．１５Ｈｚ、４Ｈｚ、・・・）を用いる。

Here, the propagation velocity V _S can be obtained by the ground property survey such as the boring survey as described above. As the internal damping constant h, a value of about “0.01” for rock, “0.1” for sand / silt, and about “0.5” for clay / clay soil is used. Further, here, the center frequency (1 Hz, 1.25 Hz, 1.6 Hz, 2 Hz, 2.5 Hz, 3.15 Hz, 4 Hz,...) Of the 1/3 octave band is used as the frequency f.

For example, assuming that the internal damping constant h = 10% and the propagation velocity V _S = 150 (m / s), the position of the building to be predicted (r r from the measurement position (r ₀ = 10 (m)) near the excitation source. When attenuation rate information up to = 40 (m)) is obtained, it is as shown in FIG.

  In the next step 104, as shown below, loss rate information indicating the loss rate for each frequency of vibration when inputting to the prediction target building via the ground is derived.

  That is, when vibration generated in the ground is input to the building, an effect of suppressing vibration due to the foundation of the building can be expected. This vibration reduction effect on the building is called the input loss rate τ, and can generally be calculated by the following equation (3). Here, L represents the length (m) of the foundation in the direction in which vibration propagates.

例えば、一例として伝搬速度Ｖ_Ｓ＝９０（ｍ／ｓ）、基礎の長さＬ＝１７（ｍ）と仮定した場合、（３）式により求められる損失率情報は図１１に実線で示したものとなる。しかしながら、振動数ｆが低く、振動の波長が十分長くなれば、地盤の振動と建物の基礎は同じ動きをすることから、本実施の形態に係る建物振動予測装置１０では、入力損失率τが‘１’を超える振動数の範囲では、入力損失率τを‘１’として扱うものとしている。また、（３）式では、振動数が高くなるほど入力損失率τは小さな値となるが、実際には、地盤の種々の条件による増減が考えられる。そこで、本実施の形態に係る建物振動予測装置１０では、入力損失率τが‘０．２’未満となる振動数範囲では、一律に入力損失率τを‘０．２’として扱っており、これにより、安全性を向上させることができる。この結果、入力損失率τは、図１１における破線で示すものとなる。

For example, assuming that the propagation velocity V _S = 90 (m / s) and the base length L = 17 (m) as an example, the loss rate information obtained by the equation (3) is shown by a solid line in FIG. It becomes. However, if the frequency f is low and the vibration wavelength is sufficiently long, the ground vibration and the foundation of the building move in the same way. Therefore, in the building vibration prediction apparatus 10 according to the present embodiment, the input loss rate τ is In the frequency range exceeding “1”, the input loss rate τ is treated as “1”. Further, in the equation (3), the input loss rate τ becomes smaller as the frequency becomes higher, but actually, the increase / decrease due to various conditions of the ground can be considered. Therefore, in the building vibration prediction apparatus 10 according to the present embodiment, the input loss rate τ is uniformly treated as '0.2' in the frequency range where the input loss rate τ is less than '0.2'. Thereby, safety can be improved. As a result, the input loss rate τ is indicated by a broken line in FIG.

  In the next step 106, as shown below, resonance amplification factor information indicating the resonance amplification factor for each vibration frequency in the prediction target building is derived.

  In the building vibration prediction apparatus 10 according to the present embodiment, the horizontal direction considers resonance amplification due to the natural frequency of the entire prediction target building, and the vertical direction considers resonance amplification due to the natural frequency of the floor slab. is doing.

  That is, the characteristics of vertical vibration are evaluated by the primary natural period, damping constant, and effective mass of the floor (including small beams and large beams). Note that the building vibration prediction apparatus 10 according to the present embodiment uses a primary natural period and a damping constant predicted from a regression equation of actual measurement data as shown below as an example.

  The vibration characteristics of the floor are often confirmed by actually performing measurements, but here, using the actual measurement data, the floor vibration characteristics (frequency and damping constant) can be determined by statistical regression. Use a predictive approach.

  Specifically, in considering the prediction, taking into account the complexity and practicality, the relationship between the floor span of the building to be predicted and the measured data (frequency, damping constant) is statistically analyzed and regressed. Predict by making an equation. Here, in order to increase the reliability of the regression equation, the parameter of the data is used as the basic information about the floor (in this case, construction time, construction site, room usage, beam structure type, floor structure type, floor span). Consider narrowing down based on. In the basic information, the user determines an effective parameter of the data together with the information focused on the floor to be predicted.

  In this method, it is possible to predict the floor frequency and the damping constant based on the regression equation for the information that the user arbitrarily pays attention to (when the correlation is low, review the noticed information). The major feature is that the regression accuracy is improved by accumulating a lot of data.

  Further, the effective mass of the floor can be calculated using the following equation (4) described on page 489 (Appendix 11.4) of the “Construction Standards for Reinforced Concrete Structures” of the Architectural Institute of Japan. Since this is described in detail in the document, further explanation here is omitted.

一方、スラブにおける鉛直方向の共振増幅率情報は、単純に１質点系の共振曲線から求めることができる。

On the other hand, the resonance amplification factor information in the vertical direction in the slab can be obtained simply from the resonance curve of the one mass point system.

  When traffic vibration propagates through the ground and is input to the building, the vibration equation is expressed by the following equation (5).

ここで、ω（入力振動数）＝ω_０（系の固有振動数）が共振状態のとき、ｘは次の（６）式で求められる。なお、ａ_０は基本振幅である。なお、振動方程式については従来既知であるので、これ以上のここでの説明は省略する。

Here, when ω (input frequency) = ω ₀ (natural frequency of the system) is in a resonance state, x is obtained by the following equation (6). In addition, _{a 0} is the fundamental amplitude. Since the vibration equation is conventionally known, further explanation here is omitted.

ここでは、一例として、スラブの１次固有振動数と減衰定数に基づいて、次に示すように導出する。

Here, as an example, it is derived as follows based on the primary natural frequency of the slab and the damping constant.

  First, the resonance amplification factor is calculated by substituting the attenuation constant h into 1 / (2h). For example, when the attenuation constant h is 2.5%, the resonance amplification factor is 20 times (= 1 ÷ (2 × 0.025)).

  Next, since the frequency band to which the above-described resonance amplification factor is applied may be resonance amplification at a natural frequency higher than the second order, all the bands above the 1/3 octave band including the natural frequency of the slab To do. For example, when the primary natural frequency is 6.8 (Hz), the resonance amplification factor is applied to the 6.3 (Hz) band or more of 1/3 octave.

  On the other hand, the vibration characteristics in the horizontal direction are evaluated by the primary natural period, the damping constant, and the effective mass in the horizontal direction of the building. In addition, in the building vibration prediction apparatus 10 according to the present embodiment, as an example, the natural period based on the Building Standards Act is an arithmetic expression defined by the Building Standards Act (S structure (steel structure) T = 0.03 × Calculated by H (H: building height), RC (steel reinforced concrete), SRC (steel reinforced concrete) T = 0.02 x H (H: building height)), and the reciprocal of the natural period The natural frequency of the prediction target building is calculated by multiplying (multiplying) the natural frequency by the rigidity increase rate γ by the secondary member such as finishing.

  Here, the stiffness increase rate γ is a past example (for example, the Architectural Institute of Japan Conference Annual Summary (Tokai) September 1994 “Environmental Vibration Control Design Method by Expressway (Part 2) Environmental Vibration Control Design Method” Kashimura Others, etc.), about 1.3 to 1.7 is applied to S construction, and about 1.9 to 2.1 is applied to SRC construction and RC construction. The attenuation constant is an approximate calculation, and “0.03” is applied to the S structure, and “0.05” is applied to the SRC structure and the RC structure. The above natural frequency and damping constant can also be estimated from the “damping of buildings” database published by the Architectural Institute of Japan.

On the other hand, the effective mass can be approximately calculated from the total area of the prediction target building, the structure type (S structure or RC structure), and the effective mass coefficient. Here, depending on the structure type, the unit weight per floor area was set to “1.2 (t / m ³ )” for the RC structure and “0.7 (t / m ³ )” for the S structure. Further, the effective mass coefficient is about 0.75 defined in the Building Standard Law Publication No. 1457 for the primary natural period of the building.

  The horizontal resonance amplification factor information for the entire building is derived as follows as an example based on the primary natural frequency and the damping constant of the prediction target building obtained as described above.

  First, the resonance amplification factor is set in the same manner as in the vertical direction. In addition, the frequency band to which the resonance amplification factor is applied takes into consideration the possibility that the natural frequency will increase due to the increased rigidity of the building due to the effect of the seismic wall, etc. 1/3 octave 2 near the primary natural frequency Bands are used.

  FIG. 12 shows an example of resonance amplification factor information derived by the above processing. Note that FIG. 12A is for vibration in the vertical direction, and FIG. 12B is for vibration in the horizontal direction.

  In the next step 108, the acceleration information input by the process of step 100 is multiplied by the damping rate information, loss rate information, and resonance amplification factor information derived by the processing of steps 102 to 106 for each same frequency. By combining (multiplying), information indicating the state of vibration generated in the room in the prediction target building for each condition input by the user (here, acceleration amplitude for each vibration frequency) is derived.

  In the next step 110, an evaluation result screen having a predetermined format is constructed based on the information indicating the vibration state derived by the processing in step 108, and displayed on the display 18.

  FIG. 13 and FIG. 14 show an example of the evaluation result screen displayed on the display 18 by the processing of step 110 described above. As shown in the figure, on the evaluation result screen according to the present embodiment, a performance evaluation curve corresponding to the condition input by the processing of step 100 is displayed together with information indicating the vibration state. Here, FIG. 13 is an example of a screen when horizontal vibration in a general office is input as the above condition and non-continuous vibration is input due to railroad travel or the like, and FIG. 14 is a general office as the above condition. It is an example of a screen when the non-continuous vibration due to the vertical direction vibration and the railway traveling or the like is input. The performance evaluation curve can be obtained by reading from the performance evaluation curve database DT1.

  The “reserved” line in FIGS. 13 and 14 is a line indicating a range that must include the value indicated by the information indicating the vibration state in the environment of the specified use and duration, and is “target”. A line is a line which shows the range statistically predetermined as what does not produce the complaint by a user.

  Specifically, based on the complaint information collected by each of the prediction target conditions by the present inventors, a performance evaluation curve including all upper limit values of vibration acceleration in which complaints have occurred in the past is applied as a “target” line. In consideration of the existence of unique data in the complaint information and the range of variation, the number of people corresponding to 20% of the total number of subjects in addition to the predetermined acceleration (here, the number of people who felt vibration in the target line) The performance evaluation curve located on the higher acceleration side than the “target” line is defined as the “secure” line. In the building vibration prediction apparatus 10 according to the present embodiment, information indicating the “target” line and the “evaluation” line for each prediction target condition is stored in the database area DT of the hard disk 28 in advance. Needless to say, it is possible to adopt a form stored in other storage means such as the ROM 26 or a form input by the user.

  When the evaluation result screen as shown in the figure is displayed on the display 18, when the user ends the building vibration prediction program, the user presses the end button displayed at the bottom of the screen to the mouse 16. On the other hand, when the vibration state is predicted when a predetermined vibration suppression countermeasure is taken, the countermeasure execution button displayed at the bottom of the screen is designated with the mouse 16. When the user designates the end button or the measure execution button as pointing, the next step 112 is affirmative and the process proceeds to step 114.

  In step 114, it is determined whether or not the button designated on the evaluation result screen by the user is a countermeasure execution button. If the determination is affirmative, the process proceeds to step 116, where TMD (Tuned Mass Damper) is selected. ) Is derived, and then the process returns to step 108.

  In the building vibration prediction program according to the present embodiment, the derivation of the resonance amplification factor information in step 116 is performed using a method for setting optimum attenuation described in the book “Vibration Engineering” as an example. Details of this are described in detail in the document, and further description thereof is omitted here.

  In step 108, which is executed subsequent to the process of step 116, the resonance amplification factor information derived by the process of step 116 is applied, and information indicating the state of vibration generated in the room is derived again. As a result, in the next step 110, the evaluation result screen showing the vibration state in which the vibration suppression effect by TMD is added is displayed on the display 18 again.

  On the other hand, if the determination in step 114 is negative, it is assumed that the user has instructed the end of the building vibration prediction program, and the building vibration prediction program is ended.

  The processing of step 100 to step 106 of the building vibration prediction program is the acquisition means and acquisition step of the present invention, the processing of step 108 is the derivation means and derivation step of the present invention, and the processing of step 110 is the display step of the present invention. , Respectively.

  As described above in detail, in the present embodiment, the acceleration for each frequency of the vibration generated in the excitation source according to the excitation force applied to the excitation source located outside the building is shown. Acceleration information, attenuation rate information indicating the attenuation rate for each vibration frequency due to the ground between the excitation source and the building, and for each vibration frequency when input to the building via the ground The loss rate information indicating the loss rate, and the resonance amplification factor information indicating the resonance amplification factor for each vibration frequency of the vibration in the building are acquired, and the acquired acceleration information, the attenuation rate information, the loss rate information, and the Based on resonance amplification factor information, a physical quantity indicating the state of vibration generated inside the building is derived in accordance with the excitation force, and the information indicating the derived physical quantity is displayed. High vibration state in building It can be predicted in time.

  In the present embodiment, the physical quantity is derived by multiplying the values of the acceleration information, the attenuation rate information, the loss rate information, and the resonance amplification factor information for the same frequency. It is possible to easily predict the state of vibration in the building due to external vibration.

  In the present embodiment, since the physical quantity is derived for each predetermined condition, it is possible to predict the state of vibration in the building caused by external vibration with higher accuracy.

  In particular, in the present embodiment, the predetermined conditions are a plurality of predetermined durations of the vibration, the use of the building, and the direction of vibration generated in the building. Every time, it is possible to predict the state of vibration in the building caused by external vibration.

  In the present embodiment, the plurality of types of durations are defined as a time at which the vibration continuously occurs and a time at which the vibration occurs discontinuously, and the use of the building is a first general office room. Due to the use, the second use, which is a reception room and a conference room, and the third use, which is a residential room, and the direction of the vibration is a horizontal direction and a vertical direction, it is caused by external vibration for each applied condition. The state of vibration in the building can be predicted.

  In the present embodiment, since the upper limit of the input loss rate is set to 1, the state of vibration in the building caused by external vibration can be predicted with higher accuracy and with higher accuracy. be able to.

  Further, in the present embodiment, tolerance range information indicating the tolerance range of the physical quantity is stored in advance by storage means (here, the hard disk 28), and the information indicating the physical quantity is displayed together with the tolerance range information. Therefore, it can be easily determined whether or not the prediction result is within the allowable range, and convenience can be improved.

  In particular, in the present embodiment, the allowable range information includes secured range information indicating a range in which the physical quantity must be included, and a target range indicating a statistically predetermined range that does not cause any complaints by the user. Since the information is two-stage information, the convenience can be further improved.

  Furthermore, in this embodiment, since the physical quantity when the vibration generated in the building is suppressed using a tuned mass damper is further derived, the convenience can be further improved.

  In the present embodiment, the case where the present invention is realized by a single personal computer with a built-in hard disk 28 in which various databases are stored in advance has been described. However, the present invention is not limited to this, for example, By connecting a personal computer that does not incorporate the hard disk 28 to an external device provided with a storage medium or storage device in which various databases are stored in advance via a communication line, the personal computer and the external device are connected. Thus, the present invention can be realized. Also in this case, the same effects as in the present embodiment can be obtained.

  In the present embodiment, the case where building vibration prediction is realized by software by executing a computer program has been described. However, the present invention is not limited to this and is realized by hardware. You can also As a form example in this case, a form in which a functional device that executes processing in each step of the building vibration prediction program shown in FIG. 9 is manufactured and applied can be exemplified. Also in this case, the same effects as in the present embodiment can be obtained.

  In the present embodiment, the case where the prediction result by the building vibration prediction program is presented by display using the display 18 has been described. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and for example, the printer 50 is provided. It can also be a form presented by the used printing. Also in this case, the same effects as in the present embodiment can be obtained.

  In addition, the structure (refer FIGS. 1-3) of the building vibration prediction apparatus 10 demonstrated by this Embodiment is an example, and it cannot be overemphasized that it can change suitably in the range which does not deviate from the main point of this invention.

  Further, the flow of processing of the building vibration prediction program shown in the present embodiment (see FIG. 9) is also an example, and it goes without saying that the flow can be appropriately changed without departing from the gist of the present invention.

  Further, the configuration of the evaluation result screen shown in the present embodiment (see FIGS. 13 and 14) is also an example, and it is needless to say that it can be changed as appropriate without departing from the gist of the present invention.

  The configuration of the performance evaluation curve database DT1 shown in the present embodiment (see FIG. 4) is also an example, and it goes without saying that the performance evaluation curve database DT1 can be appropriately changed without departing from the gist of the present invention.

  Further, the method for deriving the acceleration information and the resonance amplification factor information shown in the present embodiment is also an example, and it goes without saying that other conventionally known methods can be applied.

  In addition, the setting method of the “target” line and the “reservation” line shown in the present embodiment is also an example, and it is needless to say that it can be set by other statistical methods.

  Furthermore, the various arithmetic expressions shown in the present embodiment (see formulas (1) to (3), etc.) are also examples, and new parameters are added or unnecessary parameters are deleted as necessary. It goes without saying that you can do it.

It is a perspective view which shows the external appearance of the building vibration prediction apparatus which concerns on embodiment. It is a block diagram which shows the principal part structure of the electric system of the building vibration prediction apparatus which concerns on embodiment. It is a schematic diagram which shows the main memory content of the hard disk with which the building vibration prediction apparatus which concerns on embodiment was equipped. It is a schematic diagram which shows the data structure of the performance evaluation curve database which concerns on embodiment. It is a schematic plan view which shows an example of the positional relationship of the prediction object building which concerns on embodiment, an excitation source, and the measurement position of a vibration. It is a graph which shows an example of the acceleration information acquired by the building vibration prediction apparatus which concerns on embodiment. It is a figure which shows the questionnaire paper applied in embodiment. It is a wave form diagram which shows the waveform of the vibration used by the sensory test applied in embodiment. It is a flowchart which shows the flow of a process of the building vibration prediction program which concerns on embodiment. It is a graph which shows an example of the attenuation factor information derived | led-out by the building vibration prediction program which concerns on embodiment. It is a graph which shows an example of the loss rate information derived | led-out by the building vibration prediction program which concerns on embodiment. It is a graph which shows an example of the resonance amplification factor information derived | led-out by the building vibration prediction program which concerns on embodiment. It is the schematic which shows the example of a display of the evaluation result screen by the building vibration prediction program which concerns on embodiment. It is the schematic which shows the other example of a display of the evaluation result screen by the building vibration prediction program which concerns on embodiment.

Explanation of symbols

10 Building vibration prediction device 14 Keyboard 16 Mouse 18 Display (display means)
22 CPU
28 Hard disk (storage means)
DT1 performance evaluation curve database

Claims (17)

Acceleration information indicating the acceleration for each frequency of vibration generated in the excitation source according to the excitation force applied to the excitation source located outside the building, between the excitation source and the building Attenuation rate information indicating the attenuation rate for each vibration frequency by the ground, loss rate information indicating the loss rate for each vibration frequency when inputting to the building via the ground, and the vibration in the building Obtaining means for obtaining resonance amplification factor information indicating the resonance amplification factor for each frequency of
Based on the acceleration information, the attenuation rate information, the loss rate information, and the resonance amplification factor information acquired by the acquisition unit, a state of vibration generated inside the building according to the excitation force is indicated. A deriving means for deriving a physical quantity;
Display means for displaying information indicating the physical quantity derived by the deriving means;
Building vibration prediction device with The building vibration prediction according to claim 1, wherein the deriving unit derives the physical quantity by multiplying the acceleration information, the attenuation rate information, the loss rate information, and the value of the resonance amplification factor information for each same frequency. apparatus. The building vibration prediction apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the deriving unit derives the physical quantity for each predetermined condition. The building vibration prediction apparatus according to claim 3, wherein the predetermined condition includes at least one of a plurality of predetermined durations of the vibration, a use of the building, and a direction of vibration generated in the building. . The plurality of types of durations include a time at which the vibration continuously occurs and a time at which the vibration occurs discontinuously,
The use of the building includes a first use that is a general office, a second use that is a reception room and a conference room, and a third use that is a residential room,
The building vibration prediction apparatus according to claim 4, wherein the vibration direction includes a horizontal direction and a vertical direction. The building vibration prediction apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the loss rate has an upper limit value of 1. Further comprising storage means in which allowable range information indicating the allowable range of the physical quantity is stored in advance;
The building vibration prediction apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the display unit displays information indicating the physical quantity together with the allowable range information. The permissible range information is two-stage information: secure range information that indicates a range that must include the physical quantity, and target range information that indicates a statistically predetermined range that does not cause user complaints. The building vibration prediction apparatus according to claim 7. The building vibration prediction apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the derivation unit further derives the physical quantity when vibration generated in the building is suppressed using a tuned mass damper. Acceleration information indicating the acceleration for each frequency of vibration generated in the excitation source according to the excitation force applied to the excitation source located outside the building, between the excitation source and the building Attenuation rate information indicating the attenuation rate for each vibration frequency by the ground, loss rate information indicating the loss rate for each vibration frequency when inputting to the building via the ground, and the vibration in the building Resonance gain information indicating the resonance gain for each frequency of
Based on the acquired acceleration information, the attenuation rate information, the loss rate information, and the resonance amplification factor information, a physical quantity indicating a state of vibration generated in the building according to the excitation force is derived,
Displaying information indicating the derived physical quantity;
Building vibration prediction method. The building vibration prediction method according to claim 10, wherein the physical quantity is derived by multiplying the acceleration information, the attenuation rate information, the loss rate information, and the value of the resonance amplification factor information for each same frequency. The building vibration prediction method according to claim 10 or 11, wherein the physical quantity is derived for each predetermined condition. The building vibration prediction method according to claim 12, wherein the predetermined condition includes at least one of a plurality of predetermined durations of the vibration, a use of the building, and a direction of vibration generated in the building. . Acceleration information indicating the acceleration for each frequency of vibration generated in the excitation source according to the excitation force applied to the excitation source located outside the building, between the excitation source and the building Attenuation rate information indicating the attenuation rate for each vibration frequency by the ground, loss rate information indicating the loss rate for each vibration frequency when inputting to the building via the ground, and the vibration in the building Obtaining the resonance amplification factor information indicating the resonance amplification factor for each frequency of,
Based on the acceleration information, the attenuation rate information, the loss rate information, and the resonance amplification factor information acquired by the acquisition step, a state of vibration generated in the building according to the excitation force is indicated. A derivation step for deriving a physical quantity;
A display step for displaying information indicating the physical quantity derived by the deriving step;
Building vibration prediction program that causes a computer to execute. The building vibration prediction according to claim 14, wherein the deriving step derives the physical quantity by multiplying the acceleration information, the attenuation rate information, the loss rate information, and the value of the resonance amplification factor information for each same frequency. program. The building vibration prediction program according to claim 14, wherein the deriving step derives the physical quantity for each predetermined condition. The building vibration prediction program according to claim 16, wherein the predetermined condition includes at least one of a plurality of predetermined durations of the vibration, a use of the building, and a direction of vibration generated in the building. .

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