JP2008115988A - Roller bearing - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a roller bearing for suppressing vibration and noise and elongating a rolling fatigue life by reducing contact bearing pressure between a roller and an inner ring or a shaft and between the roller and an outer ring, while holding the rollers in raceway surfaces of the outer ring and the inner ring or the shaft at all times by limiting the axial movement of a cage. <P>SOLUTION: The roller bearing comprises the ring-shaped cage 3 having pockets 3a at a plurality of circumferential positions, and the plurality of rollers 2 held in the pockets 3a of the cage 3. The plurality of rollers 2 are put in roll-contact with the outer peripheral face of the inner ring or the outer peripheral face 6a of the shaft 6 and the inner peripheral face 1a of the outer ring 1, and the outer ring 1 is fitted to the inner periphery of the housing 5. In the axial outside of each of the cage 3 and the outer ring 1, a sliding bearing member 4 is provided for functioning as a sliding bearing which is fitted to the inner periphery of the housing 5 and whose inner peripheral face 4a is put in slide-contact with the outer peripheral face 6a of the shaft 6. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2008,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a roller bearing suitable for use in a place where a variable load is received, such as a support portion of a crankshaft or a camshaft of an automobile engine or a connecting portion of a connecting rod, a crankshaft and a piston.

  FIG. 8 shows a crankshaft and a connecting rod of an automobile engine. The crankshaft 20 includes a rotation center shaft 20a, a balance weight 20b, and a crankpin 20c. The rotation center shaft 20a is rotatably supported by a bearing 22. The connecting rod 21 has pin insertion holes 21c formed in the large-diameter end 21a and the small-diameter end 21b at both ends. The crank pin 20c is connected to the connecting rod 21 in the pin insertion hole 21c of the large-diameter end 21a. A piston pin (not shown) is rotatably inserted into the connecting rod 21 via a bearing (not shown) in a pin insertion hole 21c of the small-diameter end portion 21b. Yes.

  The bearing 22 used for the support part of the crankshaft 20 and the bearing 23 used for the connecting part of the connecting rod 21 and the crankshaft 20 are subjected to variable loads accompanying the explosive reciprocating motion of the piston. For this reason, when a roller bearing or a needle roller bearing is used as the bearing, there is a problem that vibration and noise are large. In addition, it is desired to extend the life of the bearing. These problems also apply to the bearing that supports the camshaft.

  As a prior art for such a problem, there is one in which an oil film portion is formed between an outer peripheral surface of an outer race of a rolling bearing and an inner peripheral surface of a shaft hole to prevent noise (Patent Document 1).

In order to facilitate the manufacture and assembly of the crankshaft main bearing device, the crankshaft support bearing has a structure in which a half shell that hits the outer ring is divided and surrounded by an elastic ring provided with a slit. There exists a prior art (patent document 2).
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 6-229415 JP-T-2002-525533

  The bearing described in Patent Document 1 has a uniform gap between the outer peripheral surface of the outer race and the inner peripheral surface of the shaft hole, and is filled with lubricating oil to form an oil film. Although this configuration can provide a cushioning action for the oil film, the lubricating oil itself does not provide much action for supporting the axial load in the radial direction. For this reason, when it is used in a portion receiving a variable load such as a support portion of the crankshaft or a connecting portion between the connecting rod and the crankshaft, it is not possible to sufficiently reduce vibration and noise. In addition, it is difficult to achieve a long life of the bearing.

  In addition, the bearings 22 and 23 used in the automobile engine are subject to a fluctuating load, so that the rollers slip and the cage easily moves in the axial direction. When the cage moves greatly in the axial direction, the rollers cannot be held in the outer ring, the inner ring or the raceway surface of the shaft.

  The object of the present invention is to reduce the contact surface pressure between the roller and the inner ring or shaft and between the roller and the outer ring, to suppress vibration and noise, extend the rolling fatigue life, and move the cage in the axial direction. It is to provide a roller bearing that can always hold the rollers in the outer ring and the race surface of the inner ring or shaft.

  A roller bearing according to the present invention includes a ring-shaped cage having pockets at a plurality of locations in the circumferential direction, and a plurality of rollers held in the pockets of the cage. In a roller bearing that is in rolling contact with the outer peripheral surface of the surface or the shaft and the inner peripheral surface of the outer ring, the outer ring is fitted to the inner periphery of the housing, and is fitted to the inner periphery of the housing outside the cage and the outer ring in the axial direction In addition, a sliding bearing member that functions as a sliding bearing with an inner peripheral surface slidingly contacting the outer peripheral surface of the shaft is provided.

  With this configuration, since the sliding bearing member functions as a sliding bearing for the inner ring or the shaft, a part of the axial load can be borne by the sliding bearing member. Therefore, the contact surface pressure between the roller and the inner ring or shaft and between the roller and the outer ring can be reduced. By reducing the contact surface pressure, vibration and noise generated at the contact portion between the roller and the inner ring or shaft and between the roller and the outer ring can be reduced, and the bearing life can be extended against rolling fatigue. It becomes.

  Moreover, it is possible to prevent the cage from moving greatly in the axial direction by the sliding bearing member positioned on the outside in the axial direction of the cage and the outer ring. Thereby, it becomes possible to always hold the rollers in the raceway of the outer ring and the inner ring or shaft. In that case, it is preferable that the axially inner side surface of the slide bearing member is a movement limiting surface that abuts the side surface of the cage and limits the axial movement of the cage.

It is preferable to provide an oil passage in the housing and the outer ring that guides lubricating oil supplied from the outside to a space in the vicinity of both axial ends of the roller.
When the sliding bearing member is provided, the bearing space becomes narrow, and there is a possibility that the lubricating oil inside the bearing is insufficient. On the other hand, by forcibly introducing the lubricating oil into the bearing space through the oil passage, a shortage of lubricating oil inside the bearing can be prevented. Thereby, the roller and the inner ring or shaft, and the roller and the outer ring can be well lubricated. The vicinity of both ends in the axial direction of the roller into which the lubricating oil is introduced is close to the contact portion between the roller and the inner ring or the shaft, the contact portion between the roller and the outer ring, and the contact portion between the slide bearing member and the shaft. The lubricating oil can be smoothly supplied to the contact portion.

In the present invention, any or all of the cage, the outer ring, and the plain bearing member can be divided into two divided bodies arranged in the circumferential direction.
When the cage, the outer ring, or the sliding bearing member is divided into two divided bodies, the assembly of the bearing becomes easy.

  A roller bearing according to the present invention includes a ring-shaped cage having pockets at a plurality of locations in the circumferential direction, and a plurality of rollers held in the pockets of the cage. In a roller bearing that is in rolling contact with the outer peripheral surface of the surface or the shaft and the inner peripheral surface of the outer ring, the outer ring is fitted to the inner periphery of the housing, and is fitted to the inner periphery of the housing outside the cage and the outer ring in the axial direction Since the sliding bearing member that functions as a sliding bearing with the inner peripheral surface slidingly contacting the outer peripheral surface of the shaft is provided, the contact surface pressure between the roller and the inner ring or the shaft and the roller and the outer ring is reduced, and vibration and The noise can be suppressed and the rolling fatigue life can be extended, and the axial movement of the cage can be limited, so that the rollers can always be held in the outer ring and the inner ring or the raceway surface of the shaft.

  An embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. The roller bearing includes an outer ring 1, a plurality of rollers 2 that are in rolling contact with the inner peripheral surface 1 a of the outer ring 1, a ring-shaped cage 3, and a pair of slips disposed on both sides of the outer ring 1 and the cage 3 in the axial direction. Bearing members 4 and 4. The cage 3 has a plurality of pockets 3a arranged in the circumferential direction, and the rollers 2 are held in the pockets 3a. A housing 5 is fitted in a fixed state on the outer periphery of the outer ring 1 and the sliding bearing member 4. There is no inner ring, and the roller 2 is in rolling contact with the outer peripheral surface 6a of the shaft 6 supported by this bearing. The sliding bearing member 4 functions as a sliding bearing with its inner circumferential surface 4 a slidingly contacting the outer circumferential surface 6 a of the shaft 6.

  When the cage 3 is in the axial neutral position, the pair of plain bearing members 4, 4 has a slight gap s between both side surfaces of the cage 3 and the axially inner side surface 4 b of the plain bearing member 4. Arranged to occur. For this reason, the cage 3 can move to both sides in the axial direction within the range of the gap s, but further movement is restricted. That is, the axially inner side surface 4 b of the sliding bearing member 4 is a movement limiting surface that contacts the side surface of the cage 3 and limits the axial movement of the cage 3.

  Lubricating oil is supplied by a lubricating oil supply means (not shown). An oil path for introducing the lubricating oil into the bearing space includes a first oil path 11 connecting the outside and the inner peripheral side of the housing 5, and an outer ring. A first oil passage 11 is formed in the axial direction on the outer peripheral surface of the first oil passage and is connected to the first oil passage 11 at the center, and radially passes through the outer ring 1, and both ends of the second oil passage 12 and the bearing space. And three third oil passages 13 in the axial direction communicating with each other. In this embodiment, these oil passages 11, 12, and 13 are provided at two locations in the circumferential direction. A circumferential groove 14 is provided on the inner periphery of the outer ring 1 at the outlet portion of the third oil passage 13 on the bearing space side. The outlet of the third oil passage 13 on the bearing space side is located on the outer side in the axial direction and in the vicinity of both axial ends of the roller 2.

As shown in FIG. 4, in order to improve the assembly of the bearing, the outer ring 1, the cage 3, and the sliding bearing member 4 are each provided with two outer ring divided bodies 1 ₁ , 1 ₂ , which are arranged in the circumferential direction. It divides | segments into the container division bodies 3 ₁ and 3 ₂ and the slide bearing member division bodies 4 ₁ and 4 ₂ .

  This roller bearing is applied to, for example, the bearing 22 for supporting the crankshaft 20 shown in FIG. 8 and the bearing 23 at the connecting portion between the connecting rod 21 and the crankshaft 20. When applied to the bearing 22, the shaft 6 is the rotation center shaft 20 a of the crankshaft 20. When applied to the bearing 23, the shaft 6 is the crank pin 20 c of the crank shaft 20, and the outer ring 1 is the large-diameter end 21 a of the connecting rod 21. In addition to the bearings 22 and 23, the roller bearing can be applied to a bearing of a connecting portion between the small diameter end portion 21b of the connecting rod 21 and a piston pin (not shown) or a bearing of a camshaft support portion. . Furthermore, it can be applied as a bearing at a place that receives a variable load other than these. Since the outer ring 1, the cage 3, and the sliding bearing member 4 are divided into two in the circumferential direction, the assemblability is good.

  In the roller bearing having the above-described configuration, the sliding bearing member 4 functions as a sliding bearing with respect to the shaft 6 to support a load in the radial direction, so that the contact surface pressure between the roller 2 and the shaft 6 and the roller 2 and the outer ring 1 The contact surface pressure can be reduced. By reducing the contact surface pressure, it is possible to extend the bearing life against rolling fatigue. Moreover, the vibration and noise which arise in the contact part of the roller 2 and the axis | shaft 6, and the contact part of the roller 2 and the outer ring | wheel 1 can be reduced.

  In addition, since the movement of the cage 3 in the axial direction is restricted by the movement limiting surface 4b that is the side surface on the inner side in the axial direction of the sliding bearing member 4, even when a variable load is applied, the cage 3 is moved by the side slip of the roller 2. Large movement in the axial direction can be prevented. For this reason, the roller 2 can always be held in the raceway surface of the outer ring 1 and the shaft 6.

  When this roller bearing is used, lubricating oil is supplied into the bearing space by a lubricating oil supply means (not shown). The lubricating oil passes through the first oil passage 11, the second oil passage 12, and the third oil passage 13 in order, and is guided to the circumferential groove 14 positioned in the vicinity of both axial ends of the roller 2. The lubricating oil is supplied uniformly in the circumferential direction through the circumferential groove 14. And it sends to the contact part of the roller 2 and the axis | shaft 6, the contact part of the roller 2 and the outer ring | wheel 1, and the contact part of the sliding bearing member 4 and the axis | shaft 6, and lubricates these contact parts. Since the vicinity of both axial ends of the roller 2 into which the lubricating oil is introduced is close to the contact portions, the lubricant oil can be smoothly supplied to the contact portions.

In this embodiment, the circumferential groove 14 is provided at the exit portion on the bearing space side of the third oil passage 13. The main purpose of the circumferential groove 14 is to facilitate the processing of the third oil passage 13. The function is not necessary.
Moreover, in this embodiment, although the 1st-3rd oil path 11, 12, 13 is provided in the circumferential direction 2 places, you may provide these oil paths in the circumferential direction 1 place or 3 places or more. .

  5 to 7 show different embodiments. In this embodiment, the first oil passages 11 connecting the outside and the inner peripheral surface of the housing 5 are provided in two axial directions, and the first oil passages 11 and two axial directions penetrating the outer ring 1 in the radial direction are provided. The third oil passages 13 are in direct communication with each other. With this configuration, the second oil passage 12 provided in the embodiment can be omitted. Other configurations are the same as those of the above-described embodiment, and the same components are denoted by the same reference numerals.

  In each of the above embodiments, a roller bearing having a configuration in which there is no inner ring and the roller 2 is in direct contact with the shaft 6 is illustrated, but the present invention can also be applied to a roller bearing having an inner ring. Even in this case, the same effects as those of the above embodiments can be obtained.

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view in which a part of the roller bearing according to the embodiment of the present invention is omitted, and shows the I-O-I cross section of FIG. It is II-II sectional drawing of FIG. FIG. 3 is a sectional view taken along line III-III in FIG. 1. It is a front view which shows the outer ring | wheel of the roller bearing, a holder | retainer, and a sliding bearing member. FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view in which a part of a roller bearing member according to a different embodiment is omitted, showing a VOV cross section of FIG. 6. It is VI-VI sectional drawing of FIG. It is VII-VII sectional drawing of FIG. It is explanatory drawing which shows the crankshaft and connecting rod of a motor vehicle engine.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Outer ring 1 ₁ , 1 ₂ ... Outer ring division body 1a ... Outer ring inner peripheral surface 2 ... Roller 3 ... Cage 3 ₁ , 3 ₂ ... Cage division body 3a ... Pocket 4 ... Sliding bearing member 4 ₁ , 4 ₂ ... Sliding bearing member divided body 4a ... inner peripheral surface 4b of sliding bearing member ... movement restriction surface 5 ... housing 6 ... shaft 6a ... shaft outer peripheral surface 11 ... first oil passage 12 ... second oil passage 13 ... third oil passage

Claims (4)

A ring-shaped cage having pockets in a plurality of locations in the circumferential direction, and a plurality of rollers held in the respective pockets of the cage, wherein the plurality of rollers are the outer circumferential surface of the inner ring or the outer circumferential surface of the shaft, In a roller bearing that is in rolling contact with the inner peripheral surface of the outer ring and the outer ring is fitted to the inner periphery of the housing,
A sliding bearing member is provided on the outer side in the axial direction of the cage and the outer ring. The sliding bearing member is fitted to the inner periphery of the housing and the inner peripheral surface is in sliding contact with the outer peripheral surface of the shaft to function as a sliding bearing. Roller bearing.   2. The roller bearing according to claim 1, wherein an axially inner side surface of the sliding bearing member is a movement limiting surface that abuts the side surface of the cage to limit axial movement of the cage.   3. The roller bearing according to claim 1, wherein an oil passage is provided in the housing and the outer ring for guiding lubricating oil supplied from the outside to a space in the vicinity of both axial ends of the roller.   4. The roller bearing according to claim 1, wherein any or all of the cage, the outer ring, and the sliding bearing member are divided into two divided bodies arranged in a circumferential direction. 5.

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