JP2008114294A - Grinding machine - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To carry out post-measurement in a short time to an internal diameter part of a two-stage diameter part so as to reduce defective workpieces. <P>SOLUTION: The device is an internal surface grinding machine 1 capable of grinding a two-stage diameter composite part comprising the internal diameter parts 21 and 22. A measuring device 9 capable of measuring the internal diameter part 21 is provided on a cross slide 3. A second measuring device 16 capable of measuring a ground part 22 of the workpiece 20 is provided on an in-machine loader device 5. Before exchange of the workpiece 20 by the in-machine loader device 5, the ground part 22 can be measured by the second measuring device 16 as the workpiece 20 is supported on a headstock 7. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2008,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a grinding machine for grinding an inner diameter portion or the like of a workpiece.

As a grinding machine, as disclosed in Patent Document 1, an internal grinding machine for grinding a cylindrical inner diameter portion or a conical inner diameter portion of a workpiece is known. This internal grinding machine will be described with reference to FIG.
FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram of the internal grinding machine as viewed from above. The internal grinding machine 30 is inclined on the bed 31 by a predetermined angle from the X axis in the XZ plane, and a cutting base 32 slidable in the X axis direction. The slanting grindstone table 33 is provided which is movable in the S-axis direction and has grindstones 34 and 34 that are parallel to the Z-axis and have different protrusion lengths. On the cutting table 32, a table 35 is installed so as to be slidable in the Z-axis direction, and a measuring device 36 provided with a probe 37 for measuring the inner diameter portion 43 of the processed workpiece 42 is provided in the XZ plane. Are installed so as to be turnable between a retracted position indicated by a two-dot chain line and a measurement position indicated by a solid line. On the table 35, a headstock 38 for rotating the work 42 gripped by the chuck 39 is provided.
On the other hand, on the bed 31, a loading device 40 for exchanging the workpiece 42 with the head stock 38 having a pair of loader hands 41, 41 is provided next to the oblique grinding wheel base 33.
In this inner surface grinding machine 30, the two-stage inner diameter portion 43 serving as a composite grinding portion can be ground on the workpiece 42 by using two grindstones 34 in order.

JP 2005-22053 A

When measuring the inner diameter portion 43 of the workpiece 42 that has been ground by the measuring device 36, in-process measurement is performed while inserting the measuring element 37 together with the grindstone 34 into the inner diameter section 43 and performing processing, and the measuring element 37 after the processing is completed. Is inserted into the inner diameter portion 43, and any one of the post measurements is performed. Of these, the post measurement is often performed when the inner diameter portion 43 of the workpiece 42 is small and the grindstone 34 and the probe 37 cannot be inserted simultaneously.
However, since the measuring device 36 can measure only one inner diameter of the inner diameter portion 43 and cannot measure the other inner diameter, the measuring device 36 measures the inner diameter with the measuring device 36 and then uses another measuring device installed outside the apparatus. The other inner diameter was measured. For this reason, it took time to measure, and the measurement result could not be reflected in the machining of the next workpiece, and an NG workpiece that did not fall within the dimensional tolerance was sometimes produced.

  Therefore, the present invention can perform post-measurement in a short time even in a complex grinding part with a two-step diameter that cannot be handled by a single measuring device, and can reflect the measurement result in the next workpiece, thereby suppressing the occurrence of NG workpieces. The object is to provide a grinder that can be used.

In order to achieve the above object, according to the first aspect of the present invention, the workpiece changer is provided with a second measuring device capable of measuring the other grinding portion of the processed workpiece, and has been processed by the workpiece changer. Before exchanging the workpiece, the other grinding unit can be measured by the second measuring device in a state where the processed workpiece is supported on the head stock.
According to the second aspect of the present invention, in addition to the object of the first aspect, in order to further reduce the processing time, the work changer is configured to transfer a plurality of loader hands to a loader arm that performs a turning operation. A configuration in which the second measuring device is provided on the loader arm so as to be adjacent to the loader hand on the same circumference on the circumference around the swivel axis and parallel to the Z axis. It is a thing.

According to invention of Claim 1, even if it is a workpiece | work which has a composite grinding part, a post measurement can be performed in a short time in a machine. Therefore, the measurement result can be reflected in the next machining, and the yield can be improved by suppressing the occurrence of NG work. In addition, the grinding part can be measured efficiently, leading to a reduction in total machining time compared to when measuring outside the machine, and it is not necessary to install a measuring device outside the machine, saving space. Can also be expected.
According to the second aspect of the present invention, in addition to the effect of the first aspect, there is no wasteful operation from the measurement of the other grinding part to the replacement of the workpiece by the second measuring device by the turning operation of the loader arm. Can be done. Therefore, the processing time is further shortened.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a plan view of an internal grinding machine which is an example of a grinding machine. The internal grinding machine 1 includes a cutting table 3 installed on a bed 2 so as to be slidable in the X-axis direction (the vertical direction in the figure). , An oblique grinding wheel head 4 serving as a grinding device slidably installed in the S-axis direction having a predetermined inclination angle on a plane formed by the X-axis and the Z-axis (the left-right direction in the figure), and a spindle head 7 described later And an in-machine loader device 5 serving as a workpiece exchanging device for exchanging workpieces with each other. In FIG. 1, the lower side is described as the front and the upper side as the rear.

The incision table 3 is installed on the left side on the bed 2, and a table 6 that is slidable in the Z-axis direction is provided on the upper surface. A headstock 7 is mounted on the upper surface of the table 6. Therefore, the headstock 7 can be moved horizontally back and forth and left and right by the movement of the cutting table 3 in the X-axis direction and the movement of the table 6 in the Z-axis direction. A chuck 8 is provided at the tip of the headstock 7 and rotates about an axis parallel to the Z axis as a rotation axis, and integrally rotates the gripped work.
Further, a measuring device 9 is provided on the upper surface of the notch base 3 on the rear right side. This measuring device 9 has an L-shaped arm 10 whose base end can be swiveled around a rotation axis in the X-axis direction, and a measuring element 11 protrudes from the tip of the arm 10 toward the left side. Thus, by rotating the arm 10, the measuring element 11 can be swung between a measurement position (indicated by a solid line) facing the workpiece and a standby position (indicated by a two-dot chain line) for retreating above the workpiece.

On the other hand, the slanting grindstone table 4 has two internal grinding shafts 12 and 12 that are rotatable in parallel with the Z axis, and is installed on the right side of the center of the bed 2. Grinding stones 13a and 13b having different protrusion lengths are provided at the tips of the internal grinding shafts 12, respectively, and in addition to grinding the inner surface of the workpiece, the cone with respect to the workpiece is slid by sliding in the S-axis direction of the oblique grinding wheel base 4. Processing is also possible.
The incision table 3, the oblique grinding wheel table 4, the table 6, the spindle table 7, and the internal shaft 12 can be slid and rotated by driving means such as a motor, a speed reduction mechanism, and a ball screw (not shown). Yes.

The in-machine loader device 5 includes a plate-like loader arm 14 that is disposed on the right front side on the bed 2 and can be turned by a driving unit such as a motor around an axis parallel to the Z axis. A pair of loader hands 15a and 15b parallel to the turning axis of the loader arm 14 are arranged in parallel on the circumference centering on the turning axis on the left side surface of the loader arm 14 near the end eccentric from the turning axis. ing.
In the loader arm 14, a second measuring device 16 is provided at the end of the loader hands 15a and 15b. As shown in FIG. 2A, the second measuring device 16 is projected in parallel with the loader hands 15a and 15b via a bracket 17 fixed to the loader arm 14, and a measuring element 18 is provided at the tip. It is provided. The measuring element 18 and the loader hands 15 a and 15 b are located on a circumference around the turning axis O of the loader arm 14.

  In the internal grinding machine 1 configured as described above, the notch 3 is slid in the X-axis direction and the table 6 is slid in the Z-axis direction, and the headstock 7 is positioned at a position facing one of the grindstones 13a. Then, the inner diameter portion 21 is ground on the inner surface of the workpiece 20 by controlling the rotation control of the grindstone 13 a and the slide of the headstock 7 in the X-axis and Z-axis directions and the rotation of the workpiece 20. Next, by positioning the headstock 7 at the opposite position of the other grindstone 13b, the rotation control of the grindstone 13b and the slide of the spindle stock 7 in the X-axis and Z-axis directions and the rotation of the workpiece 20 are controlled. The inner diameter portion 22 having a smaller diameter is ground coaxially on the inner side of the inner diameter portion 21. That is, on the inner surface of the workpiece 20, a two-stage composite grinding portion is formed by an inner diameter portion 21 serving as one grinding portion and an inner diameter portion 22 serving as the other grinding portion.

  Along with this grinding, in the internal grinding machine 1, the inner diameter on the large diameter side of the workpiece after cutting by the measuring device 9 (hereinafter referred to as “product workpiece”, where the reference numeral is 20 A). While measuring the portion 21, the in-machine loader device 5 measures the inner diameter portion 22 on the small-diameter side of the product workpiece and the workpiece before cutting (hereinafter referred to as “material workpiece” when it is necessary to distinguish, and the reference numeral is 20B. .) And product work are exchanged. Hereinafter, this measurement / exchange operation will be described.

First, during or after the workpiece 20 is machined, the probe 11 of the measuring device 9 moves to the measurement position, and the probe 11 is inserted into the inner diameter portion 21 on the larger diameter side of the workpiece 20 to measure the inner diameter portion 21. I do.
After the machining of the workpiece 20, the in-machine loader device 5 positions the probe 18 of the second measuring device 16 at the measurement / exchange position P shown in FIG. The loader arm 14 holds the material workpiece 20B to be processed next on the loader hand 15a.
Then, the headstock 7 moves to the replacement position facing the in-machine loader device 5, the headstock 7 moves to the right, and the probe 18 is inserted into the inner diameter portion 22 on the small diameter side of the product workpiece 20A. Measure.
When the measurement is completed, the headstock 7 moves to the left to move away from the probe 18, and the loader arm 14 turns to place the loader hand 15b at the measurement / exchange position P as shown in FIG. Here, the headstock 7 again moves to the right to deliver the measured product workpiece 20A to the loader hand 15b.

Thereafter, the headstock 7 once moves to the left, and the loader arm 14 further turns to place the adjacent loader hand 15a at the measurement / replacement position P as shown in FIG. Here, the headstock 7 moves to the right and receives the workpiece 20B with the chuck 8. The headstock 7 that has received the material workpiece 20B moves to the machining position and performs grinding. In this case, since the previous product workpiece 20A has already been measured, the feed amount of the grindstones 13a and 13b can be corrected by reflecting this measurement result.
On the other hand, in the in-machine loader device 5, the loader arm 14 turns to place the loader hand 15 b at the transfer position Q as shown in FIG. To the outside of the machine. At this time, the next material workpiece 20B is delivered to the other loader hand 15a.
Then, the loader arm 14 turns again to the position shown in FIG. 2A, and waits for the end of grinding of the next workpiece and the end of measurement of the inner diameter portion 21. Thereafter, the procedures of FIGS. 2 and 3 are repeated.

  Thus, according to the internal grinding machine 1 of the said form, the 2nd measuring device 16 which can measure the internal diameter part 22 of a product workpiece is provided in the in-machine loader apparatus 5, and replacement | exchange of the product workpiece by the in-machine loader apparatus 5 is carried out. Since the inner diameter portion 22 can be measured by the second measuring device 16 with the product work piece supported on the headstock 7 before, even a two-stage product work piece can be posted in a short time in the machine. Measurement is possible. Therefore, the measurement result can be reflected in the next machining, and the yield can be improved by suppressing the occurrence of NG work. In addition, the inner diameter can be measured efficiently, leading to a reduction in total machining time compared to when measuring outside the machine, and it is not necessary to install a measuring device outside the machine, saving space. Can also be expected.

  In particular, here, the in-machine loader device 5 is arranged in parallel with a pair of loader hands 15a and 15b on a loader arm 14 that swivels in a direction parallel to the Z-axis on the circumference around the swivel axis of the loader arm 14. The second measuring device 16 is provided on the loader arm 14 so as to be adjacent to the loader hands 15a and 15b on the same circumference, so that the second measuring device is turned by the turning operation of the loader arm 14. 16 from the measurement of the inner diameter portion 22 to the replacement of the workpiece can be performed continuously without wasteful operation. Therefore, the processing time is further shortened.

In the above embodiment, the exact size of the inner diameter portion 22 is obtained by a single grinding process. However, when the measurement is performed once with the machining allowance remaining, the loader arm 14 is moved to the position shown in FIG. The headstock 7 is moved to the replacement position in a state where the head is turned, and the inner diameter portion 22 is measured by the second measuring device 16, and then the headstock 7 is moved to the machining position so that the inner diameter portion 22 is brought to the exact size. This is the procedure for processing. After completion of machining, the headstock 7 again moves to the replacement position, and measurement is performed by the second measuring device 16 at the position shown in FIG. 2A. Then, as in the above embodiment, FIGS. A) Exchange and discharge are performed in the procedure of (B).
Thus, if it measures once in the middle, NG work can be further reduced.

In addition, although the above embodiment has been described with an internal grinder, the present invention can be similarly applied to other types of grinders such as a tool grinder, a surface grinder, a cylindrical grinder, and a mirror grinder. Therefore, the moving structure of the headstock and the grinding apparatus are not limited to the above-described embodiments, and the design can be changed as appropriate. Similarly, the composite grinding part of the workpiece is not limited to the two-stage diameter of the above-described form, for example, a composite inner diameter part composed of a conical inner diameter part and a cylindrical inner diameter part, or conversely a composite outer diameter part such as a two-stage shaft part. Even if it exists, the suppression effect of the NG workpiece | work by adoption of a 2nd measuring device is acquired.

It is a top view of an internal grinding machine. (A) (B) is explanatory drawing which shows the measurement and replacement | exchange operation | movement of a workpiece | work, respectively, The left represents the state seen from the left side of the internal grinding machine, and the right was seen from the front side. (A) (B) is explanatory drawing which shows the measurement and replacement | exchange operation | movement of the workpiece | work following FIG. 2, respectively, The left represents the state seen from the left side of the internal grinding machine, and the right was seen from the front side. It is a top view of the conventional internal grinding machine.

Explanation of symbols

  1 .... Internal grinding machine, 2 .... Bed, 3 .... Incision table, 4 .... Inclined grinding wheel stand, 5 .... In-machine loader device, 6 .... Table, 7 .... Spindle base, 9 .... Measurement device 11 .. Measuring element, 12 .. Internal axis, 13 a, 13 b .. Grinding wheel, 14 .. Loader arm, 15 a, 15 b .. Loader hand, 16 .. Second measuring device, 18. 19 .. Transport device, 20 .. Work, 21, 22 .. Inner diameter part.

Claims (2)

A spindle head that can move in the Z-axis direction orthogonal to the X-axis and the X-axis and that can rotatably support the workpiece, and is installed at a position facing the workpiece supported by the spindle stock. Grinding apparatus capable of grinding and a plurality of loader hands capable of gripping a work, and a work exchanging apparatus capable of exchanging a work supported by the headstock by moving the headstock in the X-axis and / or Z-axis direction. And a grinding machine equipped with a measuring device for measuring one grinding part of a processed workpiece,
The workpiece changer is provided with a second measuring device capable of measuring the other grinding portion of the processed workpiece, and is processed on the headstock before the processed workpiece is changed by the workpiece changer. A grinding machine characterized in that the other grinding part can be measured by the second measuring device in a state where the workpiece is supported.   The workpiece changer device includes a plurality of loader hands arranged in parallel to a loader arm that rotates, in a direction parallel to the Z-axis on a circumference around the rotation axis of the loader arm. The grinding machine according to claim 1, wherein an apparatus is provided on the loader arm so as to be adjacent to the loader hand on the circumference.

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