JP2008106598A - Method of repair of waterproof structure - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a repair method for a waterproof structure equipped with an existing waterproof sheet, wherein it is possible to lay a new waterproof sheet over the existing one without removing it, secure a sufficient strength for fixing the new waterproof sheet to the ground material and prevent the strength of the ground material from reducing by reinstalling the new waterproof sheet. <P>SOLUTION: The method of repair for a waterproof structure having a former waterproof sheet existing over its ground material comprises opening a fixation hole 4 in the ground, putting an anchor cage 5 into the fixation hole 4, filling up and solidifying a filler 6 in the fixation hole 4, then placing a plate 3 on the fixation hole 4, inserting an anchor member 7 into the anchor cage 5, fixing the plate 3 to the ground 1 and placing a waterproof sheet 2 on top of the plate 3, and thermally fusing the waterproof sheet 2 and the plate 3 together. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2008,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a waterproof structure repair structure used when a waterproof structure such as a rooftop of a building or a parking lot needs to be repaired due to deterioration of an existing waterproof sheet.

  As a method of waterproofing the support of concrete on the rooftop of a building or a parking lot, a waterproof sheet made of a material such as rubber, polyurethane, vinyl chloride, or polyethylene is provided to provide waterproofness.

  As a method of fixing the waterproof sheet to the base, an adhesion method in which the entire surface of the waterproof sheet is attached to the surface of the base with an adhesive, or a machine that fixes the waterproof sheet by locally driving it into the base with an anchor member such as a bolt or screw. There is a fixed type construction method.

  Whichever method is used, the waterproof sheet is in a waterproof structure fixed to the base, and the waterproof performance is maintained for a long time using a waterproof sheet made of a material having excellent physical properties such as weather resistance. However, it is inevitable that the waterproof sheet will be deteriorated by being exposed to wind and rain for many years and being exposed to the ultraviolet rays of the sun.

  When renovating such a waterproof structure, not only the existing waterproof sheet attached to the base itself is deteriorated, but also the adhesive strength between the existing waterproof sheet and the base may be reduced. After removing the entire surface of the tarpaulin from the base and cleaning the surface of the base, apply an adhesive to the entire surface of the base, and apply a new tarpaulin to the entire surface of the base. The method of re-pasting is common.

  However, when peeling off the existing waterproof sheet over the entire surface in this way, it takes a lot of labor and time to remove the waterproof sheet in a structure with a huge waterproof area, and the repair work takes several days. Or will be crossed. Thus, if the renovation work takes a long time, there is a high possibility that there will be rain during the period, and there is a possibility that rain leakage may occur if the base is not waterproof. In addition, the peeled existing waterproof sheet must be disposed of as industrial waste. However, if the existing waterproof sheet is peeled over the entire surface, the amount of waste disposal increases, leading to environmental problems.

  In addition, when the existing waterproof sheet attached to the base of concrete panel construction method such as ALC (autoclaved, light weight, concrete board) is peeled off, the panel joint has cracks, so a new waterproof sheet Prior to re-sticking, it was necessary to perform the work of filling the joint with the seal once again, resulting in a problem that unnecessary work increased.

  In the method disclosed in Patent Document 1, adhesive strength is ensured by directly bonding the newly installed waterproof sheet to the base by partially peeling off the existing waterproof sheet instead of the entire surface, and the trouble of removing the existing waterproof sheet is also required. And the amount of waste can be reduced.

  In addition, as a method for forming a new waterproof layer from an existing waterproof sheet without peeling off, there is a mechanical fixing method in which the waterproof sheet is fixed to a base using an anchor member such as a screw or a bolt.

  In the mechanical fixing method as shown in Patent Document 2, a plug material is first driven into a base, a fixing plate is arranged, the fixing plate is fixed to the base with screws, and a waterproof sheet is heated on the fixing plate from above. Fix by a method such as fusion. If this mechanical fixing method is employed, a new waterproof sheet can be laid on the existing waterproof sheet without removing the existing waterproof sheet when renovating waterproofing.

JP 2002-364125 A Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 3-80822

  The method of peeling off a part of the existing tarpaulin and bonding the new tarpaulin can surely secure a certain degree of adhesion strength with the base of the new tarpaulin, and it does not peel off all the existing tarpaulin Since there is no, the amount to be discarded can be reduced. However, there is a work to peel off the existing waterproof sheet even though there is a part, and the amount of the waterproof sheet to be discarded is not small, and the entire surface of the newly installed waterproof sheet is not directly bonded to the base, so the adhesive strength is also improved with respect to the adhesive strength. There is also a problem that a difference in height appears depending on the degree of deterioration of adhesion between the sheet and the base.

  In addition, in the method of fixing a new tarpaulin using a mechanical fixing method, it is not necessary to remove the existing tarpaulin substantially, so that the work and the disposal of the tarpaulin do not occur, and the base of the new tarpaulin Since there is no restriction on the arrangement of the fixing plate, there is an advantage that sufficient fixing strength can be obtained. However, driving the plug material in order to screw the fixing plate to the base causes a reduction in the strength of the base. In the case where the base is lightened like an ALC plate, it is not preferable that the strength is lower than that of a normal base and a hole is formed.

  Therefore, in the present invention, in the method for repairing a waterproof structure having an existing waterproof sheet, the existing waterproof sheet can be laid from above without being removed, and the fixing strength to the ground can be sufficiently secured. It is another object of the present invention to provide a repair method that does not reduce the strength of the groundwork.

  In order to achieve the above object, according to claim 1 of the present invention, in a waterproof structure repairing method for repairing a waterproof structure laid and fixed on a base, a fixing hole is formed in the base and an anchor Place the tool in the fixing hole and inject the filler around it to harden, then place the fixing plate on the fixing hole and insert the anchor member into the anchor holder to fix the fixing plate to the base The waterproof sheet is overlaid on the fixed plate and heat-sealed.

In Claim 2, it is set as the repair method of the waterproof structure of Claim 1 whose bottom area of a fixing hole is 300-2000 mm < ² >.

  In claim 3, the ground structure is an ALC plate, and the waterproof structure is repaired according to claim 1.

  In the present invention, since the new waterproof sheet is fixed to the base by a mechanical fixing method, it can be laid from the top without peeling off the existing waterproof sheet, and the fixing strength to the base is sufficiently high. can do. Further, even a grounding material such as an ALC plate that is reduced in weight without reducing the strength of the grounding material can be used sufficiently.

  According to the second aspect of the present invention, the size of the fixing hole provided in the base is set within a predetermined range, and the pulling strength from the base of the anchor member for fixing the new waterproof sheet can be improved.

  In claim 3, the ground is assumed to be an ALC plate, and since it is lighter in weight, it is weaker than an ordinary concrete ground, but the fixing hole for inserting the anchor holder is filled with a filler. Therefore, it can be said that the repair method of the present invention that can reinforce the base is suitable.

  FIG. 1 shows a waterproof structure in which a waterproof sheet 11 is laid on a concrete base 1 such as a rooftop of a building or a parking lot for waterproofing. The waterproof sheet 11 has a waterproof layer formed by an adhesion method in which the waterproof sheet 11 is attached to the surface of the base 1 using an adhesive. Thus, the waterproof property of the base 1 is ensured by covering the base with the waterproof sheet 11. However, waterproofing is lost due to deterioration of the waterproof sheet itself and the adhesive that bonds the waterproof sheets over a long period of time, and it is necessary to repair the waterproof layer after a certain period of time is there.

  When laying a new tarpaulin, a method of adhering to the existing tarpaulin may be considered, but the adhesive strength of the existing tarpaulin to the base may be significantly reduced at the time of renovation. Therefore, in order to obtain a sufficient fixing strength to the base, it is necessary to peel off the existing waterproof sheet and directly fix the new waterproof sheet to the base. However, there is a problem that the work of removing the existing waterproof sheet takes time and the removed waterproof sheet becomes a large amount of waste. Therefore, the present invention proposes a method for repairing a waterproof structure that can be laid without peeling off an existing waterproof sheet, does not generate waste, and suppresses a decrease in the strength of the foundation.

  In the present invention, the waterproof sheet 2 employs a mechanical fixing method in which a fixing plate 3 made of metal or the like is fixed to the base, and the waterproof sheet 2 is fixed to the base 1 by joining the waterproof sheet 2 to the fixing plate 3. is doing. By doing so, the existing waterproof sheet 11 can be laid from the existing waterproof sheet 11 without being peeled off.

As a specific operation, the anchor hole 4 is cut out in the base 1, the anchor holder 5 is disposed in the fixed hole 4, the filler 6 is injected into the gap, and the anchor holder 5 is fixed by being cured. It is preferable area of the mouth that met a base of the fixing hole 4 is in the range of 300mm ² ~2000mm ^2. When the cylindrical fixed hole 4 is used, the hole diameter r is in the range of 20 mm to 50 mm. Further, the depth of the fixing hole is set to the range of the length of the anchor receiving member + 10 mm at the maximum with the same depth as the length of the anchor receiving member being minimized in consideration of the fixing strength of the anchor receiving member 5 and the strength reduction of the base. Alternatively, the range is 1/3 to 1/2 of the underlying ALC plate. The anchor receiver 5 having an internal thread is disposed in the fixing hole 4, and the anchor receiver 5 is fixed by injecting the filler 6 into the gap and curing it. When the anchor receiving tool 5 is cylindrical, the diameter is 10 to 25 mm and the height is substantially the same as the depth of the fixing hole 4.

  Next, the fixing plate 3 is placed on the fixed anchor receiver 5. The fixing plate 3 has a through hole 3a in the vicinity of the center, and an anchor member 7 having a male screw is inserted into the anchor holder 5 through the through hole 3a and screwed to fix the fixing plate 3 to the base 1. It sticks to.

  For example, as shown in FIG. 2, the fixing plate 3 is covered with a covering material 3 b made of a thermoplastic resin, and is overlapped with the waterproof sheet 1 for repair. The metal part is heated from above by melting the covering material 3b on the surface, so that the waterproof sheet 2 can be fused and fixed without making a hole in the waterproof sheet 2.

  The waterproof sheet 2 to be newly laid is laminated on the fixed plate 3 disposed and fixed, and the waterproof sheet 2 is fused by melting the covering material 3b on the surface of the fixed plate 3 from above the waterproof sheet 2 with an electromagnetic induction heater. Form a new waterproof layer.

  By adopting the mechanical fixing method in this manner, the waterproof structure can be repaired by laying the new waterproof sheet 2 without removing the existing waterproof sheet 11. Further, in the present invention, the anchor receiver 5 is disposed in the fixing hole 4 provided in the base 1 and is fixed by the filler 6, so that the anchor receiver 5 can be firmly fixed to the base 1 and the fixing hole is fixed. The strength of the base in the portion where 4 is left can be reinforced, and the strength of the base 1 can be sufficient.

When the bottom area of the fixed hole 4 is less than 300 mm ² or the hole diameter when the fixed hole 4 is cylindrical is less than 20 mm, the filler is hardened when the anchor holder 5 solidified by the filler 6 is pulled. The strength of pulling out from the base 1 together with 6 becomes low, and when the hole diameter exceeds 2000 mm ² or the fixed hole 4 having a cylindrical shape exceeds 50 mm, the pulling strength of the cured filler 6 increases, but the base 1 This is not preferable because the strength decreases. FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view when the fixing hole 4 is cylindrical and the hole diameter is in the range of 20 mm to 50 mm. FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view when the hole diameter of the fixing hole 4 is less than 20 mm. The pulling strength can be increased by setting the cross section of the fixing hole 4 large as in FIG.

  By setting the diameter of the anchor holder 5 to 10 to 25 mm, the pulling strength of the anchor holder 5 from the base 1 can be further increased. If the diameter of the anchor holder 5 is less than 10 mm, the pullout strength is relatively low, and if it exceeds 25 mm, the pullout strength is increased, but conversely the strength of the entire substrate 1 is reduced, which is preferable. The height is preferably in the range of 1/3 to 1/2 of the underlying ALC plate. If the height is less than 1/3, the pullout strength cannot be secured, and the anchor receiving height exceeding 1/2 is secured. If the fixing hole 4 in which all the tools 5 enter is opened, in the case of an ALC plate having a limited thickness, the strength is lowered, and in some cases, the hole may be damaged when the hole is opened.

  Examples of the filler 6 include epoxy resins, resin mortars, polymer cement pastes, etc. Among them, the epoxy resin is preferably used because the adhesion between the anchor holder and the ALC plate is good and the strength is sufficient. Most preferred because it is obtained.

  Examples of the material constituting the waterproof sheet 2 include ethylene propylene diene monomer (EPDM), butyl rubber, isoprene / isobutylene copolymer (IIR), and blends thereof. EPDM has excellent weather resistance and good rubber elasticity. Is preferred. The thickness is preferably in the range of 1.0 to 2.5 mm. If the thickness is less than 1.0 mm, the waterproof sheet 2 may be easily broken due to insufficient strength, and if it exceeds 2.5 mm, the step becomes large at the joint and the appearance may be deteriorated. . In addition, it is also possible to use a material in which a reinforcing cloth made of glass fiber or polyester fiber is embedded in these rubbers to improve mechanical strength and dimensional stability.

  As shown in FIG. 4, a thermoplastic resin film 8 may be laminated and integrated on the surface of the waterproof sheet 2 to be bonded to the fixing plate 3. By doing so, the heat sealing work between the waterproof sheet 2 and the fixing plate 3 can be performed more easily, and chemical components such as a plasticizer exuding from the existing waterproof sheet 11 are transferred to the new waterproof sheet 2. Thus, it also serves as a solution for the problem of promoting deterioration.

  The fixed plate 3 is composed of a metal part such as a circle, square, or rectangle having a diameter of about 60 to 100 mmφ and a covering material 3b that covers at least the surface in contact with the waterproof sheet 2, and the thickness of the covering material 3b is 0. .2 to 1.5 mm are used. If the thickness is less than 0.2 mm, the strength is insufficient, and the waterproof sheet 2 may be destroyed when the waterproof sheet 2 is lifted by the negative pressure of the wind. If it exceeds 1.5 mm, the level difference appearing on the waterproof sheet 2 becomes large and the appearance is impaired, which is not preferable.

  What is used as the covering material 3b is a thermoplastic material that can be fused with the rubber constituting the waterproof sheet 2. Examples thereof include olefin resins such as polyethylene, polypropylene, ethylene vinyl acetate, and the like. Examples thereof include modified olefin resins such as knitted chlorinated polyethylene, chlorinated polypropylene, and maleated ethylene vinyl acetate, and olefin-based thermoplastic elastomers.

  In addition, the metal portion of the fixed plate 3 is preferably made of a conductive metal that can be heated by electromagnetic induction heating, and is excellent in corrosion resistance, rust resistance, and weather resistance. Stainless steel, galvanized steel sheet, galvanium steel sheet, molten aluminum Examples thereof include a plated steel plate, a cold rolled stainless steel plate, an aluminum plate, and an aluminum alloy plate.

  Although the thickness of the metal part varies depending on the type of metal used, it is usually preferable to use a metal having a thickness of about 0.4 to 2.0 mm. Since it becomes scarce and easily deforms, it is not preferable. If a plate exceeding 2.0 mm is used, the workability becomes poor, and the weight increases, the workability becomes poor and it is difficult to handle. In particular, when stainless steel is used, a thickness of 0.5 mm to 1.0 mm is most preferable. If it is stainless steel, sufficient rigidity is maintained at this thickness, and it can be easily cut with a metal scissor.

  If the structure as described above is adopted, when the waterproof sheet once repaired deteriorates and is repaired again, the anchor member 7 screwed to the anchor holder 5 is loosened and removed, and the fixing plate is removed. The old waterproof sheet 2 is removed, the anchor holder 5 is used as it is, a new fixing plate 3 is attached with the anchor member 7, and the new waterproof sheet 2 is fixed by heat fusion, so that the base 1 is not damaged. The anchor holder 5 can be reused. Also, without removing the old waterproof sheet 2, only the fixed plate 7 is removed and removed, and the new waterproof sheet 2 is laid on the newly attached fixed plate 7 with the old waterproof sheet remaining around it. It is possible to adopt a structure such as fixing, and it is possible to save the trouble of removing the old waterproof sheet and disposing it.

  Next, examples and comparative examples were given to confirm the effect of improving the pull-out force of the anchor member in the present invention.

(Example 1)
A fixing hole with a diameter of 30 mmφ and a depth of 50 mm is formed on the base of an ALC plate with a thickness of 100 mm, and a stud bolt having a female screw with a diameter of 10 mmφ and a length of 50 mm is arranged as an anchor holder. Resin mortar is injected as a filler and cured at room temperature for 7 days. A flat head screw was screwed onto the female screw of the stud bolt as an anchor member, and the anchor member was grasped, and the pull-out strength was measured in the direction perpendicular to the base. The results are shown in Table 1.

(Example 2)
A nylon plug having a diameter of 8 mmφ and a length of 40 mm as an anchor receiving tool was driven into the base of a 100 mm thick ALC plate, an epoxy resin was injected as a filler, and cured at room temperature for 7 days to be cured. A countersunk screw having a diameter of 6 mmφ and a length of 75 mm was screwed to the nylon plug as an anchor member to the nylon plug to a depth of 50 mm, the anchor member was grasped, and the pulling strength was measured in the direction perpendicular to the base. The results are shown in Table 1.

(Comparative example)
A nylon plug as an anchor member is attached to the nylon plug as an anchor member under the same conditions as in Example 2 except that a nylon plug having a diameter of 8 mmφ and a length of 40 mm is driven as an anchor receiver on the base of an ALC plate having a thickness of 100 mm and no filler is injected. The screw was screwed, the anchor member was grasped, and the pulling strength was measured in the direction perpendicular to the base. The results are shown in Table 1.

  As can be seen from the results in Table 1, in the comparative example, the countersunk screw is pulled out, and the pulling strength is also a small numerical value, whereas the filler is injected into the fixing hole. In 1 and Example 2, it was confirmed that the ALC plate was broken around the filler, and the pulling strength was also improved. Among them, in Example 1 in which the bottom area of the fixing hole was widened, the pulling strength was considerably larger than that in Example 2, and the effect in claim 2 was confirmed.

  INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY The present invention can be used as a waterproof sheet that can be laid from above without removing an existing waterproof layer when a repair work is performed with deterioration of the waterproof layer applied to the roof of a building or the like.

It is sectional drawing of the place where the repair method of this invention was constructed. It is sectional drawing of a fixed plate. It is sectional drawing which shows another form of the repair method of this invention. It is sectional drawing of the waterproof sheet for repair which laminated | stacked the thermoplastic resin film on the lower surface.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Groundwork 2 Waterproof sheet 3 Fixing plate 3a Through-hole 3b Cover material 4 Fixing hole 5 Anchor receiving device 6 Filling material 7 Anchor member 8 Thermoplastic resin film

Claims (3)

  In a waterproof structure repair method for repairing a waterproof structure laid and fixed on a base sheet, a fixing hole is made in the base, an anchor holder is placed in the fixing hole, and a filler is injected around the base to cure. Next, a fixing plate is arranged on the fixing hole, an anchor member is inserted into the anchor holder, the fixing plate is fixed to the base, and a waterproof sheet is superimposed on the fixing plate and heat-sealed. A method for repairing a waterproof structure characterized by the above. The method for repairing a waterproof structure according to claim 1, wherein an area of the fixing hole is 300 to 2000 mm ² or more.   The method for repairing a waterproof structure according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the ground is an ALC plate.

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