JP2008094671A - Fuel reforming device and fuel cell power system using the same - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a fuel reforming device capable of effectively using a heat energy of a combustion gas and also starting up to regular operation in a short time and inhibiting the damage of a catalyst and to provide a fuel cell power system. <P>SOLUTION: The fuel reforming device is provided with the reforming device 120 housing a catalyst 122 for generating a fuel gas 6 containing a hydrogen gas in a vessel 121 by allowing a starting material 4 containing a hydrocarbon to react with water 5, a catalyst preheating device 150 for generating the combustion gas 3 by burning a fuel 1 and air 2 and also feeding the combustion gas 3 into the vessel 121 of the reforming device 120, a heat exchanger 153 for heat-exchanging the combustion gas 6 generated at the catalyst preheating device 150 and fed into the vessel 121 of the reforming device 120 with water 8 and a flow passage 123 for transferring the heat of the water 8 heat-exchanged with the combustion gas 3 at the heat exchanger 153 to the vessel 121 of the reforming device 120. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2008,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a fuel reformer and a fuel cell power generation system using the same.

  A schematic configuration of an example of a conventional fuel cell power generation system is shown in FIG.

  As shown in FIG. 6, the heating chamber 11 of the fuel heating apparatus 10 is provided with a combustion burner 12 that combusts the fuel 1 and air 2 to generate combustion gas 3, and the raw material 4 containing hydrocarbons and A raw material supply nozzle 13 for spraying water 5 is provided. The heating chamber 11 of the fuel heating apparatus 10 communicates with a container 21 of the reformer 20 that contains a catalyst 22 that reacts the vaporized raw material 4 and water 5 to generate a fuel gas 6 containing hydrogen gas. Yes.

  The container 21 of the reformer 20 communicates with the fuel gas supply port of the fuel cell main body 31. Air 7, which is an oxidizing gas containing oxygen gas, is supplied to the oxidizing gas supply port of the fuel cell body 31. Further, the fuel cell main body 31 includes a circulation pump 41 that distributes the temperature adjusting water 8 to the fuel cell main body 31, a water storage tank 42 that stores the water 8, and a temperature controller 43 that adjusts the temperature of the water 8. And are connected.

  In such a conventional fuel cell power generation system, the fuel 1 and the air 2 are supplied to the combustion burner 12 of the fuel heating device 10 to generate the combustion gas 3 in the heating chamber 11, and the raw material 4 and the raw material 4 are supplied from the raw material supply nozzle 13. When the water 5 is supplied into the heating chamber 11, the combustion gas 3 vaporizes the raw material 4 and the water 5 and simultaneously lowers the temperature (about 1700 ° C. to about 700 ° C.), accompanied by the vaporized raw material 4 and water 5. While being supplied from the heating chamber 11 into the container 21 of the reformer 20 and heating the catalyst 22 to a predetermined temperature (about 150 to 700 ° C.), the vaporized raw material 4 and the water 5 react. The fuel gas 6 is reformed into hydrogen gas containing hydrogen gas, the fuel gas 6 is supplied from the container 21 to the fuel gas supply port of the fuel cell main body 31, and the air supplied from the oxidation gas supply port of the fuel cell main body 31 is supplied. 7 By reacting inside the electrochemical of the fuel cell body 31 together, thereby making it possible to generate electric power from the fuel cell body 31 (e.g., see Patent Document 1 and the like).

JP 2003-166701 A

  In the conventional fuel cell power generation system as described above, the combustion gas 3 is generated from the combustion burner 12 in order to heat the catalyst 22 of the reformer 20 to a predetermined temperature (about 150 to 700 ° C.). If the combustion gas 3 at a high temperature (about 1700 ° C.) is fed to the reformer 20 as it is, the catalyst 22 will be deteriorated. Therefore, by vaporizing the raw material 4 and water 5 with the combustion gas 3, the combustion is performed. The gas 3 is lowered to a predetermined temperature (about 700 ° C.).

  For this reason, when the temperature of the catalyst 22 of the reformer 20 is low, the catalyst 22 located on the downstream side in the flow direction of the combustion gas 3 cools the vaporized water 5 to condense and liquefy, thereby forming a porous catalyst 22. Since the water 5 that has entered the catalyst 22 must be vaporized again and the catalyst 22 must be heated to a predetermined temperature (about 150 to 700 ° C.) at which it can be steadily operated. In addition to wasteful consumption of thermal energy, time is required for steady operation (about 30 to 40 minutes), and the catalyst 22 is caused by vaporization and expansion of the water 5 that has entered the porous catalyst 22. There was a risk of damage.

  For this reason, the present invention can effectively use the thermal energy of the combustion gas, can be started up in a short time until steady operation, and can further prevent damage to the catalyst. An object is to provide a reformer and a fuel cell power generation system using the reformer.

  A fuel reformer according to a first aspect of the present invention for solving the above-described problem includes a catalyst for generating a fuel gas containing hydrogen gas by reacting a hydrocarbon-containing raw material and water in a container. In a fuel reformer comprising a reformer housed therein, catalyst preheating means for burning fuel and air to generate combustion gas and feeding the combustion gas into the container of the reformer, and Combustion gas cooling means for exchanging heat between the combustion gas and water generated in the catalyst preheating means and fed into the container of the reformer; and the combustion gas cooling means for exchanging heat with the combustion gas And a container preheating means for transferring water heat to the container of the reformer.

  A fuel reformer according to a second aspect of the present invention is the fuel reformer according to the first aspect, wherein the water that has transmitted heat to the container of the reformer by the container preheating means is again heat-exchanged with the combustion gas. Preheating water circulation means for supplying the combustion gas cooling means again is provided.

  According to a third aspect of the present invention, there is provided a fuel reformer according to the first or second aspect of the present invention, wherein the combustion gas generated by the catalyst preheating means is not fed into the container of the reformer. It is characterized by having exhaust means for discharging to the outside.

  A fuel cell power generation system according to a fourth aspect of the present invention for solving the above-described problem includes a fuel reformer according to any one of the first to third aspects, the raw material, and the water. Fuel gas raw material heating means for heating and feeding the fuel reformer into the container of the reformer, and the fuel gas generated by the reformer of the fuel reformer to the fuel gas supply port And a fuel cell main body that is supplied with an oxidizing gas containing oxygen gas supplied to an oxidizing gas supply port.

  A fuel cell power generation system according to a fifth aspect of the present invention is the fuel cell power generation system according to the fourth aspect, further comprising temperature control means for controlling the temperature of the fuel cell body by circulating water for temperature control through the fuel cell body. The water of the combustion gas cooling means of the reformer and the water of the temperature control means are shared.

  According to the fuel reforming apparatus and the fuel cell power generation system using the same according to the present invention, in order to heat the catalyst of the reforming apparatus, the combustion gas and water of the catalyst preheating means are heat-exchanged by the combustion gas cooling means. The combustion gas is lowered and fed to the catalyst of the reformer, and at the same time, the water preheated with the combustion gas is transferred to the container by the container preheating means without being supplied to the catalyst. Therefore, even when the reformer catalyst temperature is low, condensate does not adhere to the catalyst, and water penetrates into the porous catalyst. Therefore, without wasting the heat energy of the combustion gas, the catalyst can be heated to a predetermined temperature at which it can be steadily operated in a short time, and water infiltrated into the porous catalyst can be used. Catalyst by vaporization and expansion It is possible to prevent damage from occurring.

  Embodiments of a fuel reforming apparatus and a fuel cell power generation system using the same according to the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. However, the present invention is limited only to the forms described in the following embodiments. It is not a thing.

[First embodiment]
A first embodiment of a fuel reformer according to the present invention and a fuel cell power generation system using the same will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram of a fuel cell power generation system.

  In the fuel cell power generation system according to this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1, a catalyst 122 for generating a fuel gas 6 containing hydrogen gas by reacting a raw material 4 containing hydrocarbon and water 5 is contained in a container 121. The reformer 120 housed in the catalyst, the fuel 1 and the air 2 are combusted to generate the combustion gas 3 and the catalyst preheating is a catalyst preheating means for feeding the combustion gas 3 into the container 121 of the reformer 120. A heat exchanger 153 which is a combustion gas cooling means for exchanging heat between the apparatus 150, the combustion gas 3 generated in the catalyst preheating apparatus 150 and fed into the container 121 of the reformer 120 and the water 8. The heat of the water 8 exchanged with the combustion gas 3 in the vessel 153 is transferred to the container 121 of the reformer 120 and the flow path 123 is a container preheating means. The water 8 transmitted The recirculation pump 161 and the water storage tank 142 which are preheated water circulation means for supplying heat again to the heat exchanger 153 so as to exchange heat with the combustion gas 3 again, and the combustion gas 3 generated in the catalyst preheating device 150 are converted into a container 121 of the reformer 120. The fuel reformer having an exhaust line 171 that is an exhaust means for discharging outside the system without being fed into the system, and the raw material 4 and water 5 are heated and fed into the container 121 of the reformer 120. The fuel gas raw material heating device 110 which is a fuel gas raw material heating means to be supplied, and the fuel gas 6 generated by the reforming device 120 are supplied to the fuel gas supply port, and air 7 which is an oxidizing gas containing oxygen gas is supplied. The fuel cell main body 131 supplied to the oxidizing gas supply port, and the circulation pump 141 that stores the temperature of the fuel cell main body 131 by circulating the temperature adjusting water 8 through the fuel cell main body 131 and the storage pump 141. The water 142 that flows through the heat exchanger 153 of the fuel reformer and the water 8 for temperature control that flows through the fuel cell main body 131 are shared in the water storage tank 142. Is.

  The fuel gas raw material heating device 110 includes a heating chamber 111, a combustion burner 112 that combusts fuel 1 and air 2 to generate combustion gas 3 in the heating chamber 111, a raw material 4 containing hydrocarbons 4 and water 5. And a heat exchanger 113 that vaporizes the raw material 4 and the water 5 by exchanging heat between the raw material 4 and the combustion gas 3, and discharges the combustion gas 3 obtained by heating and vaporizing the raw material 4 and the water 5 to the outside of the system. The raw material 4 and the water 5 thus obtained can be supplied to the catalyst 122 in the container 121 of the reformer 120.

  The catalyst preheating device 150 exchanges heat between the heating chamber 151, the combustion burner 152 that burns the fuel 1 and air 2 to generate the combustion gas 3 in the heating chamber 151, and the water 8 and the combustion gas 3. And a heat exchanger 153 for lowering the combustion gas 3 to a predetermined temperature (about 700 ° C.). The heat exchanger 153 exchanges heat with the water 8 to reduce the combustion gas 3 reduced to the predetermined temperature to the predetermined temperature. While feeding to the catalyst 122 in the container 121 of the reformer 120, the water 8 heat-exchanged with the combustion gas 3 by the heat exchanger 153 is fed to the flow path 123 of the container 121 of the reformer 120. Be able to.

  The reformer 120 is a metal container 121 and a fuel containing hydrogen gas by reacting the raw material 4 from the heat exchanger 113 of the fuel gas raw material heating apparatus 110 with the water 5 contained in the container 121. A catalyst 122 for generating the gas 6 and a flow path 123 formed in the container 121 for circulating the water 8 from the heat exchanger 153 of the catalyst preheating device 150 are provided, and the generated fuel gas 6 is supplied to the fuel cell main body. The water 8 can be supplied to the fuel gas supply port 131 and the water 8 flowing through the flow path 123 is returned to the water storage tank 142.

  The circulation pump 161 supplies the water 8 in the water storage tank 142 to the heat exchanger 153 of the catalyst preheating device 150.

  The exhaust line 171 communicates between the heating chamber 151 of the catalyst preheating device 150 and the container 121 of the reforming device 120 and outside the system. The exhaust line 171 includes an exhaust valve 172 and opens the exhaust valve 172. Thus, the combustion gas 3 from the heating chamber 151 of the catalyst preheating device 150 is discharged out of the system, and the exhaust valve 172 is closed, so that the combustion gas 3 from the heating chamber 151 of the catalyst preheating device 150 is It can be fed into the container 121 of the reformer 120.

  Next, the operation of the fuel cell power generation system according to this embodiment will be described.

  As the start-up operation, first, after opening the exhaust valve 172, fuel 1 and air 2 are supplied to the combustion burner 152 of the catalyst preheating device 150 to generate combustion gas 3, and the circulation pump 161 is operated. While the water 8 in the water storage tank 142 is supplied to the heat exchanger 153 of the catalyst preheating device 150, the circulating pump 141 and the temperature controller 143 are operated to supply the water 8 in the water storage tank 142 to the temperature controller 143. If the fuel gas 3 generated from the combustion burner 152 of the catalyst preheating device 150 heats the water 8 flowing in the heat exchanger 153, then the reformer 120 is supplied. The exhaust gas is discharged from the exhaust line 171 without flowing into the container 121 (due to the resistance of the catalyst 122 filled in the container 121). The water 8 was heated is, by heating the container 123 and catalyst 122 flows through the flow path 123 of the container 121 of the reformer 120, is collected in the water storage tank 142.

  When the combustion gas 3 from the combustion burner 152 of the catalyst preheating device 150 is discharged out of the system for a predetermined time (about 10 to 20 seconds), the exhaust valve 172 is closed and the combustion gas from the combustion burner 152 of the catalyst preheating device 150 is discharged. Combustion gas 3 (about 1700 ° C.) is fed into the container 121 of the reformer 120.

  As a result, the catalyst 122 of the reformer 120 is heated by the combustion gas 3 that has been exchanged with the water 8 flowing through the heat exchanger 153 of the catalyst preheater 150 and has been lowered to a predetermined temperature (about 700 ° C.). At the same time, the water 8 heated by exchanging heat with the combustion gas 3 is heated through the container 121. The combustion gas 3 that has heated the catalyst 122 of the reformer 120 is discharged out of the system from the fuel gas supply port of the fuel cell main body 131 through the fuel gas discharge port.

  When the catalyst 122 of the reformer 120 is heated to a predetermined temperature (about 150 to 700 ° C.), that is, heated for a predetermined time (about 10 minutes), the combustion burner of the catalyst preheater 150 is operated as a steady operation. The supply of fuel 1 and air 2 to 152 is stopped to stop the generation of combustion gas 3, and the operation of the circulation pump 161 is stopped to stop the water 8 to the flow path 123 of the container 121 of the reformer 120. While the supply of fuel is stopped, the fuel 1 and air 2 are supplied to the combustion burner 112 of the fuel gas raw material heating device 110 to generate the combustion gas 3, and the raw material is supplied to the heat exchanger 113 of the fuel gas raw material heating device 110. Deliver 4 and 5 water.

  As a result, the raw material 4 and water 5 are heated to a predetermined temperature (about 700 ° C.), vaporized, fed into the container 121 of the reformer 120, and reacted by the catalyst 122 to generate hydrogen gas. The fuel gas 6 is supplied to the fuel gas supply port of the fuel cell main body 131, and electrochemically reacts with the air 7 supplied from the oxidizing gas supply port of the fuel cell main body 131. Electric power is obtained.

  That is, in the conventional technology such as Patent Document 1, the raw material 4 and water 5 are injected into the combustion gas 3 of the fuel heating device 10 to heat the catalyst 22 of the reforming device 20 as shown in FIG. As a result, the combustion gas 3 is lowered to a predetermined temperature (about 700 ° C.) and sent to the catalyst 20 of the reformer 20 together with the vaporized raw material 4 and water 5. In the embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1, in order to heat the catalyst 122 of the reformer 120, the combustion gas 3 of the catalyst preheating device 150 and the water 8 are heat-exchanged by the heat exchanger 153, and the combustion gas 3 Is reduced to a predetermined temperature (about 700 ° C.) and fed to the catalyst 122 of the reformer 120, and at the same time, the water 8 heat-exchanged with the combustion gas 3 is not supplied to the catalyst 122. Circulating in the flow path 123 of the container 121. More, it was so as to heat the catalyst 122 through the metal container 121.

  For this reason, in the prior art such as Patent Document 1 and the like, as described above, at the time of startup when the temperature of the catalyst 22 of the reformer 20 is low, the catalyst 22 located downstream in the flow direction of the combustion gas 3 The vaporized water 5 cools and condenses into liquid and enters the porous catalyst 22, and the water 5 that has entered the catalyst 22 is vaporized again to allow the catalyst 22 to operate at a predetermined temperature (about 150). Up to 700 ° C.), the heat energy of the combustion gas 3 is wasted, and time is required for steady operation (about 30 to 40 minutes). In the present embodiment, even when the temperature of the catalyst 122 of the reformer 120 is low, the catalyst 22 may be damaged by the vaporization and expansion of the water 5 entering the high-quality catalyst 22. Catalyst 122 Since the condensed water does not adhere and water does not enter the inside of the porous catalyst 122, the catalyst 122 is operated in a steady state without wasting the heat energy of the combustion gas 3. It can be heated to a predetermined temperature (about 150 to 700 ° C.) in a short time (about 10 minutes), and damage to the catalyst 122 due to vaporization and expansion of water that has entered the porous catalyst 122 is prevented. can do.

  Therefore, according to the present embodiment, the thermal energy of the combustion gas 3 can be effectively used, the steady operation can be started up in a short time, and damage to the catalyst 122 can be prevented. .

  Further, since the exhaust line 171 having the exhaust valve 172 is provided, the initial combustion gas 3 having a high oxygen concentration generated from the combustion burner 152 of the catalyst preheating device 150 is converted into the container 121 of the reformer 120 during the start-up operation. Since it can be discharged out of the system without being fed in, deterioration of the catalyst 122 of the reformer 120 and the fuel electrode catalyst of the fuel cell main body 131 due to oxygen can be prevented.

  Further, since the water 8 that flows through the heat exchanger 153 of the catalyst preheating device 150 and the water 8 for temperature adjustment that flows through the fuel cell main body 131 are shared, the fuel cell main body 131 is changed during the start-up operation. Since the water 8 to be temperature-controlled can be heated quickly, the fuel cell main body 131 can be quickly raised to the steady operation temperature, and can be started up more quickly to the steady operation.

  In this embodiment, by providing the exhaust valve 172 only in the exhaust line 171, the combustion gas 3 is utilized by utilizing the resistance of the catalyst 122 filled in the container 121 when the exhaust valve 172 is opened. Is discharged out of the system from the exhaust line 171 without flowing into the container 121 of the reformer 120, but depending on various conditions such as the filling state of the catalyst 122 in the container 121 and the flow rate of the combustion gas 3, An auxiliary valve is provided between the container 121 of the reformer 120 and the fuel gas supply port of the fuel cell main body 131, so that the combustion gas 3 flows out of the system from the exhaust line 171 without flowing into the container 121 of the reformer 120. When exhausting, the exhaust valve 172 is opened, the auxiliary valve is closed, and the combustion gas 3 is modified without exhausting from the exhaust line 171 to the outside of the system. When caused to flow into the container 121 of the apparatus 120, while opening the auxiliary valve, it is also possible to close the exhaust valve 172.

[Second Embodiment]
A second embodiment of a fuel reformer according to the present invention and a fuel cell power generation system using the same will be described with reference to FIGS. FIG. 2 is a schematic configuration diagram of the catalyst preheating device of the fuel reformer, and FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of an essential part of FIG. In addition, about the part similar to 1st embodiment mentioned above, by using the code | symbol similar to the code | symbol used in description of 1st embodiment mentioned above, in 1st embodiment mentioned above, A description overlapping with the description is omitted.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the catalyst preheating device 250 according to the present embodiment is supported by the support plate 251 on the base end side of the combustion burner 252. At the front end side of the combustion burner 252, a base end side of a cylindrical guide hood 253 is attached coaxially with the combustion burner 252 so as to surround the flame from the combustion burner 252.

  The support plate 251 includes the combustion burner 252 and the guide hood such that a base end side of a cylindrical injection plate 254 having a plurality of injection ports 254 a formed on the peripheral surface surrounds the combustion burner 252 and the guide hood 253. It is mounted coaxially with H.253. The tip end side of the ejection plate 254 is closed by a cover plate 255 having a heat insulating property made of a ceramic fiber or the like.

  On the outer peripheral surface of the spray plate 254, a heating tube 256 that circulates the water 8 is wound spirally along the circumferential direction so as to be adjacent to the spray plate 254. The one end side and the other end side are not fixed to the injection plate 254 while having a gap between adjacent outer peripheral surfaces so that they can be displaced along the axial direction and the radial direction. The support plate 251 is fixedly held.

  The support plate 251 is attached coaxially with the members 252 to 254 so that the base end side of a cylindrical cover 257 whose front end is closed surrounds the members 252 to 256. The cover 257 is provided with a delivery port 257 a for the combustion gas 3.

  That is, in this embodiment, the combustion burner 252 corresponds to the combustion burner 152 according to the first embodiment described above, and the heating according to the first embodiment described above is performed by the support plate 251 and the cover 257. The chamber 151 is configured, and the heat exchanger 153 according to the first embodiment described above is configured by the guide hood 253, the injection plate 254, the lid plate 255, the heating tube 256, and the like.

  In this embodiment, the combustion gas generating means is constituted by the combustion burner 252 and the like, and the combustion gas injection means is constituted by the combustion gas generating means, the guide hood 253, the injection plate 254, the cover plate 255 and the like.

  Next, the operation of the catalyst preheating apparatus 250 according to this embodiment will be described.

  When water 8 is supplied from the circulation pump 161 to one end side of the heating pipe 256 and the combustion gas 3 is generated from the combustion burner 12, the guide hood 253 moves the combustion gas 3 from the base end side to the tip end side inside. Then, the combustion gas 3 is guided so as to flow between the outer peripheral surface and the injection plate 254 on the distal end side and flow toward the proximal end side.

  The combustion gas 3 flowing between the guide hood 253 and the injection plate 254 heats the injection plate 254 and at the same time, jets the combustion gas 3 from the injection port 254a of the injection plate 254 to the outside of the injection plate 254. The heating tube 256 is in contact with the heating tube 256 so as to pass through a gap between adjacent outer peripheral surfaces and flows through the cover 257 while heating the heating tube 256, and the reforming device 120 of the reformer 120 passes through the outlet 257 a. It is fed into the container 121.

  For this reason, the water 8 flowing through the inside of the heating pipe 256 passes through the heating pipe 256 by radiant heat from the injection plate 254 and convection heat transfer of the combustion gas 3 that is jetted from the injection port 254a and flows through the gap. When heated and vaporized, the water vapor 8a is passed through the inside of the heating pipe 256 as it is, and fed from the other end side to the flow path 123 of the container 121 of the reformer 120.

  At this time, in the heating tube 256, a temperature gradient due to the generation of a dry-out point (a position where the water 8 is superheated to become the water vapor 8a) is generated only in the axial direction, so stress that causes damage such as cracks is concentrated. There is nothing.

  That is, the catalyst preheating device 250 according to the present embodiment causes the water 8 to flow inside from one end side to the other end side of the heating tube 256, and the injection plate 254 adjacent to the outer peripheral surface of the heating tube 256 By ejecting the combustion gas 3 from a plurality of injection ports 254a along the axial direction of the heating tube 256, the water vapor 8a is obtained without concentrating the thermal stress accompanying the generation in the temperature gradient.

  Therefore, according to the catalyst preheating device 250 according to the present embodiment, it is possible to suppress stress generated by overheating while having a simple structure.

  Further, since the heating tube 256 is held without being fixed to the injection plate 254 so as to be able to be displaced along the axial direction and the radial direction, it is possible to buffer a difference in elongation due to a temperature change and damage the heating tube 256. Etc. can be prevented more reliably.

  In addition, since the heating tube 256 is bent so as to form a spiral shape, it is possible to suppress an overall change amount due to a temperature change, and it is possible to more reliably prevent the occurrence of damage or the like.

  Further, even if the combustion gas 3 at a high temperature (about 1700 ° C.) is used as it is, it is not damaged, so there is no need to use dilution air, and no power source for supplying the dilution air is required. In addition, an increase in the diameter of the piping for feeding the combustion gas 3 can be suppressed, and the apparatus can be downsized.

  Furthermore, since the injection plate 254 is adjacent to the outer peripheral surface of the heating tube 256, the resulting heat exchange with the water 8 or the like flowing through the heating tube 256 results in constant cooling. Even if 3 is very high temperature (about 1700 ° C.), the rising temperature can be greatly suppressed (about 700 ° C.), and deformation and damage accompanying the temperature increase can be greatly suppressed.

  For this reason, since it is not necessary to lower the temperature of the combustion gas 3 directly generated from the combustion burner 252, a sufficient and sufficient amount of air can be supplied to the combustion burner 252, and the combustion gas 3 per unit heat quantity can be reduced. Since the water 8 can be overheated without causing damage or the like even with a small amount of combustion gas 3, the apparatus can be further reduced in size and weight, Heat recovery efficiency (boiler efficiency) can be improved.

  Moreover, since the injection plate 254 has a cylindrical shape, it is possible to more reliably suppress deformation, damage, and the like associated with a temperature rise.

  In addition, since the cylindrical guide hood 253 is provided so as to surround the flame from the combustion burner 252, the combustion gas 3 from the combustion burner 252 immediately comes into contact with the injection plate 254, or the injection of the injection plate 254. Since it is possible to prevent the gas from being immediately ejected from the opening 254a and coming into contact with the heating pipe 256, the combustion gas 3 from the combustion burner 252 can be sufficiently burned and used for heat exchange. It is possible to prevent the fuel and CO from remaining at a high concentration.

  Here, as shown in FIG. 3, the opening size d of the injection port 254 a of the injection plate 254 is 0.1 to 0.5 times (more preferably 0.3 to 0.4) with respect to the inner diameter D of the heating tube 256. And the ratio of the total cross-sectional area s of the radial direction of the injection port 254a of the injection plate 254 to the cross-sectional area S of the axial portion of the heating tube 256 in the unit area (Σs / S: opening area) The ratio is preferably 5 to 50% (more preferably 10 to 30%) because the above-described effects can be expressed very efficiently.

  In this embodiment, the heating tube 256 is spirally wound around the outer peripheral surface of the cylindrical injection plate 254, and the combustion burner 252 is disposed inside the injection plate 254. However, other embodiments are described. For example, a heating tube 256 spirally wound on the inner peripheral surface of a cylindrical injection plate 254 is disposed adjacently, and a combustion burner having an annular nozzle is disposed on the outer peripheral surface side of the injection plate 254. By installing, the combustion gas 3 is allowed to flow from the radially outer side toward the inner side, and the outer peripheral surface of the heating tube bent in a spiral or meandering shape is adjacent to the upper surface of the flat plate-like injection plate. It is also possible to arrange the combustion burner 252 on the lower surface side of the injection plate.

[Other Embodiments]
Further, in the second embodiment described above, the case where the structure shown in FIGS. 2 and 3 is applied to the catalyst preheating device 250 has been described. However, as another embodiment, the first embodiment described above is applied. It is also possible to apply the above-described structure to the fuel gas raw material heating apparatus 110.

  Specifically, as shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, the support plate 311 and the cover 317 constitute the heating chamber 111 according to the first embodiment described above, and the guide hood 313, the injection plate 314, and the lid plate 315. The heating tube 316 and the like constitute the heat exchanger 113 according to the first embodiment described above, and the combustion burner 312 constitutes the combustion burner 112 according to the first embodiment described above.

  Thereby, also in the fuel gas raw material heating apparatus 310 shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, by supplying the raw material 4 and the water 5 to one end side of the heating pipe 316, the same action as that of the catalyst preheating apparatus 250 described above is achieved. The raw material 4 and water 5 heated and vaporized to a predetermined temperature from the other end of the heating pipe 316 can be fed into the container 121 of the reformer 120, and the same effect as that of the catalyst preheating device 250 described above can be obtained. Obtainable.

  The fuel reformer according to the present invention and the fuel cell power generation system using the fuel reformer can effectively use the thermal energy of the combustion gas and can be started up in a short time until steady operation. Therefore, the present invention can be used extremely beneficially in the industry.

1 is a schematic configuration diagram of a first embodiment of a fuel cell power generation system according to the present invention. It is a schematic block diagram of the catalyst preheating apparatus of the fuel reformer of 2nd embodiment of the fuel cell power generation system which concerns on this invention. FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of the main part of FIG. 2. It is a schematic block diagram of the fuel gas raw material heating apparatus of other embodiment of the fuel cell power generation system which concerns on this invention. FIG. 5 is an extracted enlarged view of a main part of FIG. 4. It is a schematic block diagram of an example of the conventional fuel cell power generation system.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Fuel 2 Air 3 Combustion gas 4 Raw material 5 Water 6 Fuel gas 7 Air 8 Water 110 Fuel gas raw material heating apparatus 111 Heating chamber 112 Combustion burner 113 Heat exchanger 120 Reformer 121 Container 122 Catalyst 123 Flow path 131 Fuel cell main body 141 Circulation pump 142 Water storage tank 143 Temperature controller 150 Catalyst preheating device 151 Heating chamber 152 Combustion burner 153 Heat exchanger 161 Circulation pump 171 Exhaust line 172 Exhaust valve 250 Catalyst preheating device 251 Support plate 252 Combustion burner 253 Guide hood 254 Injection plate 254a Injection Port 255 Cover plate 256 Heating tube 257 Cover 257a Delivery port 310 Fuel gas raw material heating device 311 Support plate 312 Combustion burner 313 Guide hood 314 Injection plate 314a Injection port 315 Cover plate 316 Heating tube 317 Cover 17a delivery port

Claims (5)

In a fuel reformer having a reformer in which a catalyst for generating a fuel gas containing hydrogen gas by reacting a raw material containing hydrocarbon and water is contained in a container,
Catalyst preheating means for burning fuel and air to generate combustion gas and feeding the combustion gas into the container of the reformer;
Combustion gas cooling means for exchanging heat between the combustion gas and water generated in the catalyst preheating means and fed into the container of the reformer;
A fuel reforming device comprising: a container preheating means for transferring heat of the water heat-exchanged with the combustion gas by the combustion gas cooling means to the container of the reformer. In claim 1,
Preheated water circulation means for supplying the water, which has been transferred to the container of the reformer by the container preheating means, to the combustion gas cooling means so as to exchange heat again with the combustion gas. A fuel reformer. In claim 1 or claim 2,
A fuel reforming apparatus comprising exhaust means for discharging the combustion gas generated by the catalyst preheating means to the outside of the system without being fed into the container of the reforming apparatus. A fuel reformer according to any one of claims 1 to 3,
Fuel gas raw material heating means for heating the raw material and the water and feeding them into the container of the reformer of the fuel reformer;
A fuel cell main body that is supplied with the fuel gas generated by the reformer of the fuel reformer to a fuel gas supply port and that is supplied with an oxidizing gas containing oxygen gas to an oxidizing gas supply port. A fuel cell power generation system. In claim 4,
Temperature control means for adjusting the temperature of the fuel cell body by circulating water for temperature adjustment to the fuel cell body;
The fuel cell power generation system, wherein the water of the combustion gas cooling means of the fuel reformer and the water of the temperature control means are shared.

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