JP2008089938A - Liquid crystal display device, method of driving same, and projection device using same - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a liquid crystal display device in which no display unevenness or stain is produced even when the liquid crystal display device has been left standing for a long time without being used, and which is readily available when wanted. <P>SOLUTION: The liquid crystal display device 1 includes: a liquid crystal panel 10 composed of a first electrode substrate 2 having a plurality of pixel electrodes 6 arranged in a matrix, a second electrode substrate 3 with a counter electrode formed thereon, and a liquid crystal layer 4 sealed in between the first electrode substrate 2 and the second electrode substrate 3; and a display control means to control the liquid crystal panel 10, and is characterized in that the plurality of pixel electrodes 6 are separated into a display region 7 to display an image and an electronic parting region 8 to surround the display region, wherein the display control means drives the pixel electrodes in the display region 7 and those in the electronic parting region 8 with predetermined timing in the usual image display state, and intermittently drives them so as to sweep away ions accumulated in the liquid crystal to the outside of the display region with an external battery attached thereto in the stopped state of the image display. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2008,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to an active matrix liquid crystal display device applicable to a projection device, a driving method thereof, and a projection device using the same.

  2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, active matrix liquid crystal display devices that can be applied to projection devices are of a reflective type and a transmissive type. In particular, reflective liquid crystal display devices can form a transistor as a switching element with high driving capability on a semiconductor substrate, and further form a pixel electrode as a reflective electrode on the semiconductor substrate. The liquid crystal display device has been disclosed as a display device for projection that can achieve high image quality, high lightness, high definition, high brightness, and high image quality without a mesh feeling (see, for example, Patent Document 1).

  Hereinafter, an outline of Patent Document 1 disclosed as a conventional liquid crystal display device will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 13A is a front view showing an outline of a conventional liquid crystal display device, and FIG. 13B is a sectional view thereof. 13 (a) and 13 (b), 100 is a conventional liquid crystal display device, 101 is a glass substrate serving as an incident side substrate, 102 is a glass substrate serving as a reflection side substrate, and 103 is a glass substrate 101. , 102 is a liquid crystal enclosed between 102 and 102, a sealing material.

  The reflective glass substrate 102 is provided with a display region 106 (an inner region surrounded by a broken line) in which the pixel electrodes 105 are formed in a matrix. A parting area 112 in which a plurality of columns of parting pixel electrodes 111 that do not contribute to the display is formed is provided. Around the parting area 112, peripheral circuits including a signal line driving circuit 107, a selective scanning line driving circuit 108, a pad area 109, a timing control circuit 110 for controlling each circuit, and the like are provided.

  In addition, a transparent conductive film counter electrode 113 facing the pixel electrode 105 is formed inside the glass substrate 101 on the incident side, and a voltage is applied to the liquid crystal 103 and driven by the counter electrode 113 and the pixel electrode 105. On the other hand, a light shielding member 114 is joined to the periphery on the outer surface (upper surface in the drawing) side of the glass substrate 101 on the incident side so as to cover the upper part of the outer peripheral circuit from the middle of the parting area 112. In the front view of FIG. 13A, the light shielding member 114 is not shown for easy understanding.

  Here, each parting pixel electrode 111 in the parting area 112 is applied with a predetermined voltage to display black, and functions as an electronic parting to display the periphery of the display area 106 in black. As described above, the liquid crystal display device 100 provides the parting pixel electrode 111 similar to the pixel electrode 105 around the display area 106 for displaying an image to perform the parting display. This is suitable for a projection device that displays an enlarged image of a liquid crystal display device.

  However, in a conventional liquid crystal display device such as the liquid crystal display device 100, ions are easily generated due to impurities mixed in the liquid crystal. In addition, when the liquid crystal display device is used for a long period of time, moisture or gas may enter from the outside through the sealing material 104 or the like, and ions may be newly generated inside the liquid crystal. In addition, since the pixel electrode 105 of the liquid crystal display device 100 is preferably an aluminum film excellent in reflection performance, and the opposing counter electrode 113 is formed of ITO, the electrode electrode 105 may be separated by a difference in work function between the pixel electrode 105 and the counter electrode 113. An internal battery is formed. As a result, an unstable potential difference occurs inside the liquid crystal, and ions tend to accumulate in the liquid crystal. This ion is known to adversely affect the display quality, and the movement of the ion and its adverse effect will be described below.

  FIG. 14 is a schematic diagram for explaining the movement of liquid crystal and ions by enlarging the vicinity of the boundary between the pixel electrode 105 and the parting pixel electrode 111 (shown by a broken-line circle 116) at the end of the cross-sectional view of FIG. is there. In FIG. 14, the pixel electrodes 105a and 105b and the parting pixel electrode 111a are formed on the inner surface of the glass substrate 102, the counter electrode 113 is formed on the inner surface of the glass substrate 101, and the liquid crystal 103 is sandwiched therebetween. In addition, the liquid crystal 103 is an n-type liquid crystal having negative dielectric anisotropy, and when the voltage difference between the pixel electrodes 105a and 105b and the counter electrode 113 is small (for example, 0 V), the liquid crystal 103 is compared with the glass substrates 101 and 102. The liquid crystal molecules are arranged in a substantially vertical manner to display black, and when the voltage difference increases, the liquid crystal molecules are tilted laterally with respect to the glass substrates 101 and 102 to display white.

  Here, as shown in FIG. 14, when the counter electrode 113 is 0 V, −3 V is applied to the pixel electrode 105 a and +3 V is applied to the pixel electrode 105 b. In this case, if the absolute values of the applied drive voltages are equal, the inclination angles of the liquid crystal molecules 103a and 103b sandwiched between the counter electrode 113 and the pixel electrodes 105a and 105b coincide with each other, but the liquid crystal molecules 103a and 103b respectively. The directions of the dipole moments 120a and 120b are reversed depending on the polarity of the driving voltage. Here, since an alternating voltage whose polarity is inverted is applied to the driving voltage of the liquid crystal, the respective dipole moments 120a and 120b of the liquid crystal molecules 103a and 103b are oscillated by the alternating voltage and are schematically represented by a wave of the dipole moment. 120c occurs.

  As a result, the ions 121a and 121b existing in the vicinity of the liquid crystal molecules 103a and 103b are pushed by the vibrating wave 120c of the dipole moment, and move along the direction of the inclination of the liquid crystal molecules 103a and 103b. Here, since the parting pixel electrode 111a functions as parting, it is necessary to display black, and the parting pixel electrode 111a is applied with 0 V, which is the same as the counter electrode 113, and the liquid crystal molecules 103c in the vicinity thereof stand vertically. The dipole moment 120d of the liquid crystal molecules 103c at this time does not move because the applied voltage is 0V, and the liquid crystal molecules 103c are standing vertically, so the ions 121c that have moved to the vicinity of the liquid crystal molecules 103c are The liquid crystal molecule 103c standing vertically becomes a wall and cannot move further. Therefore, ions existing inside the liquid crystal 103 are concentrated in the vicinity of the boundary between the display region 106 and the parting region 112.

  Next, FIG. 15 schematically shows how ions accumulate near the boundary between the display area 106 and the parting area 112. In FIG. 15, the liquid crystal display device 100 is provided with the display area 106 and the parting area 112 around it as described above. For easy understanding, the pixel electrode 105 and the parting pixel electrode 111 shown in FIG. 13A are omitted. An arrow C indicates an alignment direction of an alignment film (not shown), and has an angle of about 45 degrees with respect to the display region 106. Here, ions existing inside the liquid crystal 103 are pushed out by the liquid crystal 103 being driven by an alternating voltage as described above, and move to the vicinity of the parting region 112.

  Since the liquid crystal 103 is tilted along the alignment direction (arrow C), the dipole moment wave 120c of the liquid crystal molecules is generated along the alignment direction (arrow C) and acts to push ions into the periphery. As a result, the ions move to the corner portions 106a and 106b of the display area 106 facing each other along the alignment direction. However, since the driving voltage is 0 V in the parting area 112 as described above, the dipole moment of the liquid crystal molecules does not move. Further, since the liquid crystal molecules are standing vertically, ions cannot travel any further and are concentrated in the vicinity of the corner portions 106a and 106b. Here, 122a and 122b schematically show ions collected in the vicinity of the corner portions 106a and 106b.

  Reference numerals 117a and 117b show examples of fixed patterns (black display) displayed in the display area 106. When such fixed patterns 117a and 117b are displayed for a long time, the same phenomenon as the parting area 112 occurs. Then, the ions 123a and 123b are accumulated in the corner portions of the fixed patterns 117a and 117b facing each other along the orientation direction (arrow C).

  In this way, when ions are accumulated in a parting area that functions as a parting or a corner portion of a fixed pattern that is displayed for a long time, an electric field is generated by the ions, and this electric field affects the liquid crystal molecules. Will tilt sideways. As a result, the liquid crystal in the region where ions are accumulated apparently operates so that the threshold value is lowered and the light is easily transmitted, so that the region is reduced in contrast and is always in a display state close to white, thereby causing uneven display. Etc. occur, and the image quality is remarkably deteriorated.

  Next, in order to clarify the deterioration of the image quality of the conventional liquid crystal display device, the following experimental results will be described based on FIGS. 16 (a) and 16 (b). FIG. 16A is a graph showing changes in contrast and reflectance over time when a conventional liquid crystal display device is driven. The liquid crystal used here is a vertical alignment liquid crystal in which Δnd (phase difference) changes with respect to incident light when liquid crystal molecules stand vertically or tilt depending on the presence or absence of an applied voltage. This liquid crystal operates with two polarizing plates (not shown) sandwiching the liquid crystal, and when the applied voltage to the liquid crystal is 0 V, Δnd becomes λ / 4 with respect to the wavelength λ of light and displays black (low reflection) Thus, when the applied voltage is a predetermined value, Δnd is λ / 2 and the liquid crystal is white display (high reflection). Here, the area A in FIG. 16A is near the center of the display area 106 of the liquid crystal display device as shown in FIG. 16B, and the area B is a corner portion 106a of the display area 106 in which ions easily collect. It is a neighborhood. Then, 0 V is applied to the parting area 112 of this liquid crystal display device to display black, a predetermined driving voltage is applied to the display area 106, and the transition of contrast and reflectance in the two areas A and B are measured. did.

  Here, in FIG. 16A, at the start of driving, both the A region and the B region show high contrast as shown in the figure. However, when ions start to accumulate in the corner portion 106a as time passes, An electric field is generated by the ions, and the liquid crystal molecules are tilted sideways by the electric field. As a result, Δnd of the liquid crystal in the vicinity of the B region approaches λ / 2 with the passage of time, and the reflectance increases, so that it changes to white display and the contrast also decreases. That is, from this graph, it can be understood that the conventional liquid crystal display device causes display unevenness due to a decrease in contrast due to the influence of ions as the driving time elapses, and the image quality is significantly reduced.

  In order to prevent the deterioration of the image quality caused by the accumulation of ions as described above, an improvement plan of the liquid crystal display device is disclosed (for example, see Patent Document 2). Hereinafter, an outline of Patent Document 2 disclosed as an improvement plan of a conventional liquid crystal display device will be described. FIG. 17 is a front view schematically showing a conventional liquid crystal display device, and 130 is an improved liquid crystal display device. The liquid crystal display device 130 is constituted by two glass substrates 131 and 132 and is bonded together by a sealing material 133. An ion trap electrode 136 is disposed in a part of the non-display area 135 outside the display area 134. It is shown that, by applying a DC voltage to the electrode terminals 137a and 137b connected to the ion trap electrode 136, ions generated in the display region 134 are moved and adsorbed in the vicinity of the ion trap electrode 136.

  As another improvement, a TFT substrate provided with a pixel electrode and a counter substrate provided with a counter electrode are arranged to face each other with a liquid crystal layer interposed therebetween, and a sealant is provided on the outer periphery of the display region having pixels, A liquid crystal display device in which a ring-shaped electrode pattern for ion adsorption is provided between sealing materials is disclosed (for example, see Patent Document 3). It has been shown that ions in the display region can be adsorbed by applying a DC voltage having the opposite polarity to the ions in the liquid crystal to the electrode pattern for ion adsorption.

Another problem is that impurity ions in the liquid crystal accumulate in one direction due to a non-uniform electric field of the video signal, and display irregularities occur in the liquid crystal display panel. (For example, see Patent Document 4)
In addition, even in the conventional liquid crystal display panel, impurities may be mixed into the liquid crystal layer due to some trouble in the manufacturing process, or impurities may invade from the periphery of the liquid crystal display panel in the usage environment of the product. It has been known that impurities cause a decrease in specific resistance of a liquid crystal material, and in particular, in the case of an active matrix system, a defect that causes deterioration of OFF characteristics of a transistor occurs. (For example, see Patent Document 5)

In order to eliminate the occurrence of defects due to these ions, in Patent Document 4, a screen cleaning signal generator for generating a screen cleaning signal for diffusing impurity ions in the liquid crystal integrated by a non-uniform electric field of a video signal. And a signal switching unit that switches between a video signal and a screen cleaning signal. The display unevenness generated in the liquid crystal display panel in 2 to 3 hours after switching the video signal to the random noise signal is eliminated. It takes 10 to 20 hours to eliminate dark display unevenness. Note that the switching signal of the signal switching unit may be generated as a work end signal, and the power may be automatically turned off after operating with a random noise signal for one fixed time after the work is finished.

In Patent Document 5, the problem is solved as a liquid crystal display panel having an electric signal line for supplying an electric signal for moving and diffusing ionic impurities mixed in the liquid crystal layer. By moving the ionic impurities by applying an electrical signal, the ionic impurities can be diffused throughout the liquid crystal display panel to maintain the uniformity within the display surface, resulting in the occurrence of areas with partially different characteristics. It is possible to avoid seriously affecting the quality, and a plurality of the electric signal lines are provided in the display surface, and each electric signal line generates an electric signal that generates a Coulomb force that attracts or repels ionic impurities. Is given regularly.

Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2003-177426 (page 5, FIG. 5) JP-A-8-201830 (5th page, FIG. 1) JP 2000-338510 A (Page 4, FIG. 1) JP-A-5-264958 JP 2002-122840 A

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned problems, eliminate the accumulation of ions generated in the liquid crystal, and display a liquid crystal display device that can withstand long-term use with high image quality without occurrence of display unevenness, and a method for driving the same. It is to provide a projection apparatus used. Further, the object of the present invention is to eliminate the occurrence of display unevenness that occurs in a liquid crystal display device that is left unused for a long time, and to maintain the liquid crystal display device that can be used immediately when it is desired to use the liquid crystal display device left for a long time. And a driving method thereof and a projection apparatus using the same.
The solution basically eliminates the display unevenness that occurs when the liquid crystal display panel is driven or when ions are diffused and concentrated in one place before and after driving. Ion diffusion takes a long time, usually 2 to 3 hours as described above, and 10 to 20 hours when dark display unevenness is generated. In such a liquid crystal display device, if it is left unused for a long time, it cannot be used immediately when it is desired to use it.

An object of the present invention is to provide a liquid crystal display device that can be used immediately when it is desired to be used without causing display unevenness and spots even if the liquid crystal display device is left unused for a long time.

  In order to solve the above problems, a liquid crystal display device, a driving method thereof, and a projection device using the same employ the following configurations and methods.

A first electrode substrate having a pixel region in which a plurality of pixel electrodes arranged in a matrix and switching elements for driving the pixel electrodes are formed, and a counter electrode made of a transparent conductive film facing the first electrode substrate, A liquid crystal panel having a second electrode substrate formed and encapsulating liquid crystal between the first electrode substrate and the second electrode substrate;
Display control means for controlling the liquid crystal panel;
A liquid crystal display device comprising:
The pixel area of the liquid crystal panel has a display area for displaying an image and an electronic parting area surrounding the display area in a substantially ring shape by black display,
The display control means includes an electronic parting generation means for displaying the electronic parting area,
Means for driving the electronic parting area and / or the display area at a predetermined timing in order to sweep out ions accumulated in the liquid crystal,
The liquid crystal display device has an external battery, and when the liquid crystal display panel is not performing normal display, the liquid crystal display device is intermittently driven to sweep out ions accumulated in the liquid crystal to the outside of the display area by the external battery.

Thus, when the liquid crystal display panel is not performing normal display, the external battery is intermittently driven to sweep out ions accumulated in the liquid crystal to the outside of the display area. Therefore, even if the liquid crystal display device is left for a long time, It is possible to provide a liquid crystal display device that can be used immediately when it is desired to be used. The external battery may be a primary battery or a secondary battery. In addition, the switching element has excellent driving capability and can operate at high speed, and the frequency of the driving voltage for sweeping out and sweeping the ions inside the liquid crystal can be increased so that a high-performance liquid crystal display device with excellent ion exclusion capability can be obtained. Can be provided.

  An opposing alignment surface of the pixel electrode of the first electrode substrate and the counter electrode of the second electrode substrate is formed with an inorganic alignment film by an oblique deposition film of silicon oxide, and the liquid crystal has a negative dielectric anisotropy n. A liquid crystal display device which is a liquid crystal material.

As a result, the inorganic alignment film made of the obliquely deposited silicon oxide film has little deterioration against strong light and has high reliability. Therefore, a liquid crystal display device suitable for a projection apparatus irradiated with a strong light source can be obtained. Can be provided. In addition, by using an n-type liquid crystal, black display with extremely high contrast can be realized without application of a driving voltage, so that a high-quality liquid crystal display device with high contrast and sharpness can be provided. Further, since no voltage is applied between the pixel electrodes, black display can be realized, and there is no need to provide a black matrix between the pixel electrodes. Although silicon oxide is weak against moisture, in the present invention, since moisture can be prevented from entering the display region, silicon oxide can be used for the alignment film.

  The liquid crystal panel includes a first electrode substrate and a second electrode substrate facing the first electrode substrate, the first electrode substrate and the second electrode substrate are bonded and fixed via a sealing material, and the first electrode A liquid crystal display panel in which liquid crystal is sealed in a gap formed by a substrate, a second electrode substrate, and a sealing material, and at least a color matching pixel electrode region, an electronic parting pixel between the display region and the sealing material A liquid crystal display device including at least one of an electrode region and an ion sweeping pixel electrode region is provided.

  Thereby, ions can be swept and swept out to a region where the observer cannot recognize.

  The display control means has ion transfer generation means for sweeping and sweeping out the ions inside the liquid crystal, and the display region and / or the electronic parting region / ion sweeping region is turned off after the power of the liquid crystal display device is turned off. After a lapse of a predetermined time, a liquid crystal display device in which a predetermined drive voltage, which is an AC voltage, is applied for a predetermined time by an external battery and the ion transfer generating means.

  As a result, even if the liquid crystal display device is turned off or left in a place where there is no power supply for a long time, it is driven by an external battery at predetermined intervals, and the ions are swept and swept out. A liquid crystal display device that can be used can be provided.

  The first electrode substrate is a liquid crystal display device which is a silicon substrate.

  As a result, the first electrode substrate is not only a switching element that drives the pixel electrode, but also a peripheral circuit that controls the switching element and a control circuit that realizes display control means are incorporated into the silicon substrate and integrated into a small size and reliability. An excellent liquid crystal display device can be provided.

  The switching element of the first electrode substrate is a liquid crystal display device formed of a semiconductor layer made of single crystal silicon.

  As a result, the switching element has excellent driving capability and can be operated at high speed, and the frequency of the driving voltage for sweeping and sweeping out the ions inside the liquid crystal can be increased, so that a high-performance liquid crystal display device with excellent ion exclusion capability. Can be provided.

  The liquid crystal panel drive region is composed of at least two of a display region, a color-aligned pixel electrode region, an electron parting pixel electrode region, and an ion sweeping pixel electrode region, and the ion transfer generating means is used for the remaining of the external battery. A liquid crystal display device in which the combination of drive areas is changed depending on the amount is used.

  Thereby, even if the remaining amount of the external battery decreases when the liquid crystal display device is left for a long time, it is possible to extend the time during which the accumulation of ions inside the liquid crystal can be prevented with a minimum drive.

  The ion transfer generation means is a liquid crystal display device whose driving cycle is changed depending on the remaining amount of the external battery.

Thereby, even if the remaining amount of the external battery decreases when the liquid crystal display device is left for a long time, it is possible to extend the time during which the accumulation of ions inside the liquid crystal can be prevented with a minimum drive.

A first electrode substrate having a pixel region in which a plurality of pixel electrodes arranged in a matrix and switching elements for driving the pixel electrodes are formed, and a counter electrode made of a transparent conductive film facing the first electrode substrate, A liquid crystal panel having a second electrode substrate formed and encapsulating liquid crystal between the first electrode substrate and the second electrode substrate;
Display control means for controlling the liquid crystal panel;
A method for driving a liquid crystal display device including an external battery,
The pixel area of the liquid crystal panel has a display area for displaying an image and an electronic parting area surrounding the display area in a substantially ring shape by black display,
When the liquid crystal display panel is not performing a normal display, the driving method of the liquid crystal display device is an intermittent driving method in which ions accumulated inside the liquid crystal are swept out of the display area by the external battery.

  As a result, when the liquid crystal display panel is not performing normal display, the external battery is intermittently driven to sweep out the ions accumulated in the liquid crystal to the outside of the display area, and even if the liquid crystal display device is left for a long time, the occurrence of ion accumulation occurs. Therefore, it is possible to provide a method of driving a liquid crystal display device that can be used immediately when desired. Can be provided. The external battery may be a primary battery or a secondary battery.

  A light source, a liquid crystal display device according to the present invention that converts incident light from the light source into an image, a projection lens that projects emitted light converted into an image by the liquid crystal display device, and the light source and the liquid crystal display device are controlled. And a control unit.

As a result, a liquid crystal display device that does not cause liquid crystal accumulation even if left for a long time is installed, so that the display area can be displayed with high accuracy and clearness, and there is no occurrence of display unevenness and high image quality. It is possible to provide a projection apparatus that can be used immediately after being left for a long time.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a front view of a liquid crystal display device used in Embodiment 1 of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the liquid crystal display device used in Example 1 of the present invention. FIG. 3A is an enlarged cross-sectional view showing the configuration of the silicon circuit substrate of the liquid crystal display device used in Embodiment 1 of the present invention. FIG. 3B is an equivalent circuit diagram around the switching element for driving the pixel electrode of the liquid crystal display device used in Embodiment 1 of the present invention. FIG. 4 is a block diagram showing an electrical configuration of the liquid crystal display device used in Embodiment 1 of the present invention. FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram showing an example of the movement of the display area and the electronic parting area of the liquid crystal display device used in Embodiment 1 of the present invention. FIG. 6 is an explanatory view showing the state of ions by movement of the display area and the electronic parting area of the liquid crystal display device used in Embodiment 1 of the present invention. FIG. 7 is a waveform diagram showing an example of a driving voltage for driving the liquid crystal display device used in Embodiment 1 of the present invention. FIG. 8 is a timing chart for explaining the operation of the liquid crystal display device used in Embodiment 1 of the present invention. FIG. 9A is a graph showing the contrast and reflectance characteristics of the liquid crystal display device used in Example 1 of the present invention. FIG. 9B is an explanatory diagram showing a region for evaluating the characteristics of the liquid crystal display device used in the first embodiment of the present invention.

  First, the configuration of the liquid crystal display device used in the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. Here, a feature of the present liquid crystal display device is a reflective liquid crystal display device using a silicon circuit substrate having a reflective electrode on one opposing substrate. 1 and 2, reference numeral 1 denotes a liquid crystal display device used in the present invention, and reference numeral 10 denotes a liquid crystal panel constituting the liquid crystal display device 1.

  2 is a silicon circuit substrate as a first electrode substrate on the reflection side, and 3 is a transparent glass substrate as a second electrode substrate on the incident side. 4 is a liquid crystal sealed between the silicon circuit board 2 and the glass substrate 3, and 5 is a sealing material that is disposed in the periphery of the silicon circuit board 2 and the glass substrate 3 and fixes the silicon circuit board 2 and the glass substrate 3. It is. Here, the liquid crystal panel 10 is constituted by the silicon circuit substrate 2, the glass substrate 3, the liquid crystal 4, the sealing material 5, and the like.

  The liquid crystal 4 is composed of an n-type liquid crystal material having a negative dielectric anisotropy. This n-type liquid crystal can realize a black display with a very high contrast when no driving voltage is applied (that is, zero volts), so that a high-quality liquid crystal display device with a high contrast and sharpness can be realized. In addition, since no voltage is applied between the pixel electrodes, black display is obtained. Therefore, there is no need to provide a black matrix, and there is an advantage that the structure of the liquid crystal display device is simple and the manufacturing process can be simplified.

  The reflective silicon circuit board 2 has a pixel region 9 in which pixel electrodes 6 of reflective electrodes made of an aluminum film containing several percent of copper are arranged in a matrix. The pixel area 9 has a display area 7 (an inner white area surrounded by a broken line) for displaying an image, and an electronic parting area 8 that surrounds the display area 7 in a substantially ring shape.

  That is, since the electrode structures of the display area 7 and the surrounding electronic parting area 8 are the same, the thickness of the liquid crystal 4 in the display area 7 and the surrounding electronic parting area 8 is kept uniform, and the difference in thickness of the liquid crystal 4 is maintained. A liquid crystal display device that does not cause display unevenness due to can be realized. This is important as an element to compensate for the fact that the spacer ball that keeps the thickness of the liquid crystal 4 uniform cannot be used because the shape of the pixel electrode 6 is extremely small.

  Here, the pixel pitch of the pixel electrode 6 is about 8 μm, for example, and the number of pixel columns is 1920 × 1080 in the display area 7 if the liquid crystal display device 1 is a display device compatible with full high vision. The pixel electrode 6 as the electron parting region 8 is formed around the pixel. Further, the pixel column width of the electronic parting area 8 is arbitrary, but if the pixel column width of the electronic parting area 8 is made larger than necessary, the size of the liquid crystal panel 10 is increased, resulting in an increase in cost.

  For this reason, it is preferable that the pixel row width of the electronic parting area 8 is the minimum necessary. As an example, the vertical pixel row is about 5 pixels on one side, and the horizontal pixel row is about 15 to 20 pixels on one side. Good to have. All the pixel electrodes 6 in the display area 7 and the electronic parting area 8 are connected to and driven by switching elements formed on the silicon circuit substrate 2 described later.

  Moreover, the pixel parting area 8 does not have to be arranged in the whole part of the electronic parting area 8. For example, although not shown, if a solid electrode is formed so as to surround the outer periphery of the electronic parting part 8, the electronic parting part 8 8 pattern formation can be simplified. In FIG. 1, for ease of explanation, the pixel electrode 6 is expressed larger than the actual scale, so the number of pixels in the display area 7 and the electronic parting area 8 is different from the actual one.

  In addition, a transparent conductive film counter electrode 11 made of ITO facing the pixel electrode 6 is formed inside the incident-side glass substrate 3. A voltage is applied to the liquid crystal 4 by the counter electrode 11 and the pixel electrode 6 to drive the liquid crystal 4. Is done. Reference numerals 12 a and 12 b denote inorganic alignment films formed by oblique deposition of silicon oxide formed on the opposing surfaces of the pixel electrode 6 of the silicon circuit substrate 2 and the counter electrode 10 of the glass substrate 3. The inorganic alignment films 12a and 12b have excellent reliability that does not deteriorate even when irradiated with strong light, and are suitable as a liquid crystal display device for a projection device irradiated with a strong light source.

  Next, 13 is a flexible printed circuit board (FPC), which is fixed to the back surface of the silicon circuit board 2 of the liquid crystal panel 10 with a conductive adhesive (not shown) or the like, and holds the liquid crystal panel 10. Reference numeral 13a denotes a plurality of external connection electrodes formed on the FPC 13, and inputs power, image data, and the like from an external control unit described later. A plurality of wires 14 electrically connect the plurality of connection electrodes 2 a of the silicon circuit substrate 2 and the plurality of electrode patterns 13 b of the FPC 13. Reference numeral 30 denotes a display control IC as a display control means, which is mounted on the FPC 13 and receives power, image data, and the like from the external connection electrode 13a, and supplies a liquid crystal drive signal and the like for driving the liquid crystal panel 10 via the wire 14 to the liquid crystal. Supply to panel 10.

  Here, the liquid crystal display device 1 has a display operation mode in which a normal image is displayed in the display area 7 and a non-display operation mode in which no image is displayed. In the display operation mode, when incident light 15 from a light source (not shown) is incident from the glass substrate 3 side, the liquid crystal 4 driven by each pixel electrode 6 uses the incident light 15 based on the driving voltage. The converted light is blocked or transmitted to be converted into an image, and the converted light is reflected by the pixel electrode 6 to be emitted as the outgoing light 16.

  Similarly, in the display operation mode, the electronic parting area 8 is supplied with a driving voltage of 0 V and becomes black, and functions as an electronic parting for the display area 7. Thereby, the parting of the display area 7 can be realized with the accuracy of the pixel electrode pattern. Further, if the above-described n-type liquid crystal material having a negative dielectric anisotropy is used for the liquid crystal 4, a black display with a very high contrast can be realized. Therefore, a liquid crystal having a highly accurate and extremely clear electronic parting. A display device can be realized. The operations of the display area 7 and the electronic parting area 8 in the non-display operation mode will be described later.

  Next, the configuration of the switching element formed in the pixel region 9 of the silicon circuit substrate 2 of the liquid crystal panel 10 will be described with reference to FIG. In FIG. 3A, reference numeral 20 denotes a switching element, in which a source electrode S1 and a drain electrode D1 are formed on the surface layer of the silicon circuit substrate 2 and a gate electrode G1 made of polysilicon or the like is formed to form a MOS. Type transistor. Reference numeral 21 denotes a MOS capacitor, which is connected to the drain electrode D1 of the switching element 20 and holds electric charges.

  Further, the pixel electrode 6 made of the above-described aluminum film is formed on the switching element 20 and is electrically connected to the drain electrode D1 of the switching element 20. Thus, one switching element 20 formed on the silicon circuit substrate 2 is connected to one pixel electrode 6 to drive the pixel electrode 6. Since the switching element 20 is formed on the silicon circuit substrate 2, the switching element 20 is excellent in driving capability and can operate at high speed, and a high-performance liquid crystal display device can be realized.

  Further, since the pixel electrode 6 is a reflective electrode and the switching element 20 and the capacitor 21 are formed on the silicon circuit substrate 2 immediately below the pixel electrode 6 as shown in the figure, the effective size of the pixel electrode 6 is reduced. Can be maximized. As a result, the liquid crystal display device of the present invention can realize a liquid crystal panel having a high aperture ratio and pixel density. Therefore, as a liquid crystal display device for projection that has excellent light utilization, high definition, high brightness, and high image quality. It is extremely effective.

  A light shielding film 22 made of an aluminum film functions as a shielding plate to prevent the switching element 20 from malfunctioning due to incident light from the glass substrate 3 side. An insulating film 23 made of silicon nitride SiNx is formed on the surface of the silicon circuit board 2 to insulate each element. Further, as described above, the inorganic alignment films 12a and 12b are formed on the opposing surfaces of the pixel electrode 6 and the counter electrode 11 formed on the glass substrate 3, and the liquid crystal 4 is sealed therebetween.

  Next, the peripheral circuit configuration of the switching element 20 formed on the silicon circuit substrate 2 shown in FIG. 3A will be described with reference to FIG. In FIG. 3B, the source electrode S1 of the switching element 20 is connected to the row signal line E8, and the gate electrode G1 is connected to the column signal line E9. The drain electrode D1 of the switching element 20 is connected to the pixel electrode 6 via the capacitor 21. Here, when the switching element 20 is selected and turned on by the column signal line E <b> 9, a current flows from the row signal line E <b> 8 to the capacitor 21, and charges are accumulated in the capacitor 21.

  The accumulated charge is transmitted to the pixel electrode 6, and a driving voltage is applied to the liquid crystal 4 sandwiched between the pixel electrode 6 and the counter electrode 11, so that the liquid crystal 4 is driven for each pixel electrode 6. Although not shown, the row drive circuit for driving the row signal line E8 and the column drive circuit for driving the column signal line E9 are formed in the peripheral portion of the silicon circuit substrate 2, and these peripheral circuits are switched. Since it is formed in the same process as the element 20, the liquid crystal panel 10 in which peripheral circuits are integrated can be manufactured. The configuration of the silicon circuit substrate 2 is not limited. For example, the silicon circuit substrate 2 is composed of silicon on sapphire (SOS) that forms single crystal silicon as a semiconductor layer on a sapphire substrate, and the switching element 20 and peripheral circuits are formed on the semiconductor layer. May be formed. As a result, a liquid crystal display device capable of high-speed operation and low power consumption can be realized.

  Next, the electrical configuration of the liquid crystal display device used in the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. In FIG. 4, the main components of the liquid crystal display device 1 are a liquid crystal panel 10 and a display control IC 30 as display control means for driving the liquid crystal panel 10. Here, the electrical configuration of the liquid crystal panel 10 includes a switching element 20 formed on the silicon circuit substrate 2, a liquid crystal 4 driven by the switching element 20, a row driving circuit 27, a column driving circuit 28, and the like. Is done. The row drive circuit 27 outputs a row signal line E8 and is supplied to the switching element 20, and the column drive circuit 28 outputs a column signal line E9 and is supplied to the switching element 20.

  Further, the display control IC 30 switches between an electronic parting generation circuit 31 as an electronic parting generation unit, a synthesis circuit 32, a display movement circuit 33 as a display movement unit, and an ion transfer generation circuit 34 as an ion transfer generation unit. The circuit 35 is configured. Here, the electronic parting generation circuit 31 outputs the electronic parting data E1, and the composition circuit 32 inputs the image data E2 and the electronic parting data E1 from the outside and outputs the composite image data E3.

  The display moving circuit 33 inputs the composite image data E3 and the external display mode signal E4 and outputs display data E5. The ion transfer generation circuit 34 inputs the display mode signal E4 and outputs an ion transfer control signal E6. The switching circuit 35 inputs the display data E5 and the ion transfer control signal E6 and outputs a liquid crystal drive signal E7. The liquid crystal drive signal E7 is input to the row drive circuit 27 and the column drive circuit 28 of the liquid crystal panel 10, respectively. The liquid crystal display device 1 inputs various power supplies from the outside, but is omitted here.

  Next, the outline of the electrical operation of the liquid crystal display device 1 will be described with reference to FIG. First, the electronic parting generation circuit 31 of the display control IC 30 generates and outputs electronic parting data E1 for the electronic parting area 8 for displaying the periphery of the display area 7 of the liquid crystal panel 10 in black. Here, the generation method of the electronic parting area 8 is not limited. For example, the electronic parting generation circuit 31 is configured by a storage circuit such as a nonvolatile memory, and the electronic parting information is stored in each address of the storage circuit corresponding to each pixel electrode 6. Can be stored as pattern data, the electronic parting data E1 can be generated relatively easily.

  Further, the composition circuit 32 of the display control IC 30 receives the image data E2 and the electronic parting data E1 from the outside, composes them internally, and outputs the composite image data E3. Here, if the electronic parting data E1 is logical “1” in the electronic parting area 8 and logical “0” in the display area 7, the combined image data E3 corresponding to the combined electronic parting area 8 is logically “0”. “1”. Here, if the corresponding pixel electrode 6 is controlled to display black when the composite image data E3 is logic “1”, the electronic parting area 8 which is black display is formed based on the electronic parting data E1. .

  Further, in the display area 7 in which the electronic parting data E1 is logic “0”, the composite image data E3 is output through the image data E2 as it is, so that the display area 7 displays an image based on the image data E2. Will be. That is, the electronic parting area 8 of the liquid crystal display device 1 of the present invention is realized by software processing based on the pattern data stored in the electronic parting generation circuit 31. For this reason, the electronic parting area 8 can be arbitrarily moved in the pixel area 9 and the size thereof can be varied.

  Further, the display moving circuit 33 receives the composite image data E3 and moves the display area 7 and the electronic parting area 8 in the pixel area 9 according to a predetermined direction and moving amount at a predetermined timing in order to diffuse ions inside the liquid crystal. The display data E5 moved in is output. Here, the method of moving the display area 7 and the electronic parting area 8 is arbitrary, but if the X and Y reference positions of the composite image data E3 corresponding to the pixel area 9 are changed and output, the pixel area 9 can be moved. The display positions of the display area 7 and the electronic parting area 8 can be moved.

  The predetermined timing moved by the display movement circuit 33 has two timings: a periodic movement timing for moving at a predetermined period and a mode movement timing for moving by switching the display mode of the liquid crystal display device 1. Here, the periodical movement timing is, for example, provided with a counter circuit for timing inside the display movement circuit 33 (not shown), and the elapsed time of the display operation mode in which the liquid crystal display device 1 displays an image is counted. The X and Y reference positions of the composite image data E3 are changed every time, and the display is periodically moved to output display data E5.

  This periodical movement timing is, for example, a relatively short time of movement between the display area 7 and the electronic parting area 8 every time the display operation mode passes, or the display area 7 and the electronic parting out after 10 hours or more. The region 8 can be moved at an arbitrary elapsed time, such as a relatively long time moving.

  Further, the mode movement timing for moving by switching the display mode is such that the display movement circuit 33 inputs a display mode signal E4 from an external control unit (not shown) and the liquid crystal display device 1 is changed from the non-display operation mode to the display operation mode. When the display mode is shifted to the non-display mode from the display operation mode, the X and Y reference positions of the composite image data E3 are changed, the display is moved, and the display data E5 is output. Here, the movement of the actual display area 7 and the electronic parting area 8 will be described in detail later.

  Next, the ion transfer generation circuit 34 inputs the display mode signal E4, and when the liquid crystal display device 1 shifts from the non-display operation mode to the display operation mode and when the display operation mode shifts to the non-display operation mode. Then, an ion transfer control signal E6 for controlling a predetermined drive voltage, which is an AC voltage, is output for a predetermined time in order to sweep / sweep ions inside the liquid crystal.

  The switching circuit 35 switches between the display data E5 and the ion transfer control signal E6 and outputs it as a liquid crystal drive signal E7 for driving the liquid crystal panel 10. Here, during the period in which the ion transfer control signal E6 is output from the ion transfer generation circuit 34, the ion transfer control signal E6 is selected and output.

  Next, the liquid crystal panel 10 receives the liquid crystal drive signal E7 from the display control IC 30, and the row drive circuit 27 supplies the row signal line based on the image data to the switching elements 20 corresponding to the pixel electrodes 6 arranged in a matrix. E8 is sequentially output. The column driving circuit 28 sequentially outputs column signal lines E9 for selecting the switching elements 20, selects the switching elements 20, and applies a driving voltage to the pixel electrodes 6 to drive the liquid crystal 4.

  As a result, the pixel electrode 6 corresponding to the combined image data E3 combined with the electronic parting data E1 of logic “1” by the combining circuit 32 displays the blackout parting as the electronic parting area 8. In addition, the pixel electrode 6 corresponding to the combined image data E3 combined with the electronic parting data E1 of logic “0” by the combining circuit 32 displays an image as the display area 7.

  In the present embodiment, the display control IC 30 that controls the liquid crystal panel 10 is disposed on the FPC 13, but is not limited to this configuration. For example, the circuit of the display control IC 30 may be incorporated in the silicon circuit board 2 of the liquid crystal panel 10, and the function of the display control IC 30 may be incorporated in the liquid crystal panel 10 and integrated with the liquid crystal panel 10. As another form, the display control IC 30 may not be mounted on the FPC 13 but may be provided separately from the liquid crystal display device 1.

  Next, an example in which the display area 7 and the electronic parting area 8 move in the pixel area 9 in order to diffuse ions inside the liquid crystal will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 5 shows four movement states of state M1 to state M4 of the liquid crystal panel 10 of the liquid crystal display device 1 used in the present invention. First, the periodic movement timing at which the display area 7 and the electronic parting area 8 move periodically will be described. In FIG. 5, the liquid crystal panel 10 in the state M1 has the display area 7 and the electronic parting area 8 in the pixel area 9 and is in the initial position.

  In this state M1, for example, when the display operation mode has elapsed for one hour, the display area 7 and the electronic parting area 8 of the liquid crystal panel 10 move to the right with respect to the image area 9 as indicated by an arrow from the state M1. In contrast, the upper right state M2.

  Here, the amount of movement of the display area 7 and the electronic parting area 8 may be arbitrary, but is preferably about 5 to 10 pixels. This is not preferable because the movement is recognized by the user who is viewing the image on the liquid crystal display device if the movement amount is too large, giving a sense of incongruity, and the effect of diffusing ions is reduced if the movement amount is small. is there.

  Next, when the display operation mode further elapses for 1 hour from the state M2, the display area 7 and the electronic parting area 8 of the liquid crystal panel 10 move downward with respect to the pixel area 9 from the state M2 as indicated by an arrow. Is in the lower right state M3.

  Further, when the display operation mode further elapses from the state M3 for one hour, the display area 7 and the electronic parting area 8 of the liquid crystal panel 10 move to the left with respect to the pixel area 9 as indicated by an arrow from the state M3. On the other hand, it moves to the lower left state M4.

  When the display operation mode further elapses from the state M4 for one hour, the display area 7 and the electronic parting area 8 of the liquid crystal panel 10 move upward from the pixel area 9 as indicated by an arrow from the state M4. On the other hand, it moves to the upper left state M1, that is, the original initial position.

  In this way, the display area 7 and the electronic parting area 8 are periodically moved sequentially from state M1 to state M4 each time a predetermined elapsed time is reached, thereby fixing the fixed pattern displayed in the corner portion or display area of the display area. Since ions inside the liquid crystal accumulated in the vicinity can be diffused, the accumulation of ions in the display region 7 can be eliminated, and a high-quality liquid crystal display device free from display unevenness can be realized. Further, since the moving amount of the display area 7 and the electronic parting area 8 is about 5 to 10 pixels, the movement of the electronic parting area 8 is not recognized by the user and does not give a sense of incongruity. Further, the predetermined period is not limited to every hour, and may be arbitrary. If necessary, it may be a short time in minutes, and even if it moves every 10 to 50 hours, it is effective for ion diffusion. .

  Next, the mode movement timing for moving by switching the display mode will be described. First, the liquid crystal panel 10 in the state M1 has the display area 7 and the electronic parting area 8 in the pixel area 9 and is in the initial position. Here, if the display operation mode has passed and the non-display operation mode has been entered at a certain point in time, the display area 7 and the electronic parting area 8 of the liquid crystal panel 10 are moved from the state M1 to the image area 9 as indicated by an arrow. It moves to the right and enters the upper right state M2 with respect to the drawing.

  Further, if the non-display operation mode has elapsed in the state M2 and the display operation mode is shifted again at a certain time, the display area 7 and the electronic parting area 8 move to the state M3. If the display operation mode has passed in state M3 and the display operation mode is shifted to the non-display operation mode at a certain point, the display area 7 and the electronic parting area 8 move to the state M4. Further, if the non-display operation mode has elapsed in the state M4 and the display operation mode has been shifted again at a certain time, the display area 7 and the electronic parting area 8 move to the initial state M1.

  As described above, the display area 7 and the electronic parting area 8 are moved each time the display mode is switched from the state M1 to the state M4, so that the liquid crystal inside the liquid crystal accumulated in the corner portion of the display area or in the vicinity of the fixed pattern displayed in the display area can be obtained. Since ions can be diffused, the accumulation of ions in the display region 7 can be eliminated, and a high-quality liquid crystal display device without display unevenness can be realized. The movement of the display area 7 and the electronic parting area 8 by the mode movement timing is hardly recognized by the user, so the movement amount can be increased. For example, when the movement amount is about 30 pixels, It has a great effect on diffusion.

  Further, the direction and amount of movement of the display area 7 and the electronic parting area 8 are not limited to the state M1 to the state M4, and may be arbitrary. For example, the movement direction may be moved in a more detailed circle, or may be moved in a random direction. The movement timing may be the same as the above-mentioned periodic movement timing and mode movement timing, or may be arbitrarily moved at other timings.

  For example, if an ion diffusion mode for positively diffusing ions is provided and image unevenness occurs, the display area 7 and the electronic parting area are forcibly shifted to the ion diffusion mode by the user's operation. The ions may be diffused by moving 8 with a short period for a predetermined time.

  Alternatively, the image signal displayed on the display area 7 is monitored, and when the fixed pattern continues in the display image for a certain time or longer (for example, 1 hour or longer), the display area 7 is moved and ions are diffused. May be.

  In this example, the display area 7 and the electron parting area 8 are moved at the same time in order to enhance the effect of diffusing ions, but the moving method is not limited to this. For example, only the electronic parting area 8 may be moved and the display area 7 may be fixed without being moved. In this case, since only the electronic parting area 8 moves and the image in the display area 7 does not move, the movement becomes difficult for the user to recognize and there is no sense of incongruity. Further, in order to diffuse only the accumulation of ions based on the fixed pattern displayed in the display area 7, the electronic parting area 8 may be fixed and only the display area 7 may be moved.

  Next, based on FIG. 6, the state of ions by the movement of the display area 7 and the electronic parting area 8 of the liquid crystal display device 1 will be described. In FIG. 6, the display area 7 and the electronic parting area 8 move within the pixel area 9 at a predetermined timing as described above, but the display area 7 and the electronic parting area 8 as shown in the example shown in FIG. Are sequentially moved from state M1 to state M4, the ions accumulated in the opposite corners of the display region 7 along the alignment direction (arrow C) of the liquid crystal act as a wall and block the movement of the ions. Since the region 8 moves, ions are diffused with the movement.

  That is, when the electron parting region 8 is in the state M1 (rectangle on the upper left of the solid line), the position where ions accumulate is opposite I1, and when the electron parting region 8 is in the state M2 (the upper right rectangle on the broken line), the position where ions accumulate It becomes I2. When the electron parting area 8 is in the state M3 (rectangle at the lower right of the broken line), the position where the ions accumulate is opposite I3, and when the electron parting area 8 is in the state M4 (the lower left rectangle at the broken line), the position where the ions accumulate is Opposing I4.

  As a result, the ions that try to accumulate at the corners of the display area 7 cannot be diffused and accumulated in one place because the electron parting area 8 moves, and adverse effects such as display unevenness due to the accumulation of ions can be prevented. it can. Further, even when a fixed pattern similar to the corner portion is displayed in the display area 7 (see FIG. 15), the display area 7 sequentially moves in the same manner as the electronic parting area 8, so that ions accumulated in the fixed pattern in the display area 7 are displayed. Can be diffused, and display unevenness due to a fixed pattern can be prevented.

  Next, an example of the drive voltage applied to the liquid crystal 4 of the liquid crystal display device 1 will be described with reference to FIG. Here, as an example of the driving voltage applied to the liquid crystal 4, an arbitrary voltage between V1 and V5 is applied. For example, V1 is defined as -5V, V2 is defined as -2.5V, V3 is defined as 0V, V4 is defined as + 2.5V, and V5 is defined as + 5V. The voltage value is not limited.

  In FIG. 7, the drive voltage P1 is an example of a drive voltage for displaying white in the display area 7 in the display operation mode, and its peak value is the highest, and is an AC voltage from V1 (−5V) to V5 (+ 5V). is there. The drive voltage P2 is an example of a drive voltage for displaying the display area 7 in halftone in the display operation mode, and the peak value thereof is an alternating voltage from V2 (−2.5 V) to V4 (+2.5 V). It is. That is, the liquid crystal display device 1 of the present example employs a voltage control type driving method in which the display density is varied depending on the peak value of the driving voltage.

  The drive voltage to the display area 7 in the display operation mode is not limited to the drive voltages P1 and P2, and AC voltages having various peak values are applied according to the display image. Further, the frequencies of the drive voltages P1, P2, etc. in the display area 7 are not limited, but are preferably several tens of Hz. The drive voltage P3 is a drive voltage for making the display area 7 or the electronic parting area 8 display black, and the voltage is V3 (0 V), that is, no application.

  The drive voltage P4 is an example of a drive voltage applied to the display area 7 and the electronic parting area 8 in order to sweep / sweep ions inside the liquid crystal. This drive voltage P4 is a drive voltage for sweeping out or sweeping ions inside the liquid crystal and transferring the ions from the display region 7 to the outer periphery of the electron parting region 8, and the peak value is from V1 to V5 at the maximum. The frequency is at least several times the drive voltages P1 and P2 for driving the display area 7, and preferably about 10 to 100 times.

  Next, an example of the operation flow of the liquid crystal display device 1 used in the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. First, as described above, the liquid crystal display device 1 has two display modes, a display operation mode and a non-display operation mode. In FIG. 8, timings T1 to T3 are display operation modes, and timings after the timing T3 are non-display. It is a display operation mode. Here, in the display operation mode, a light source (which will be described in detail later) that enters the liquid crystal display device 1 is turned on (ON), and in the non-display operation mode, the light source is turned off (OFF).

  Timings T1 to T2 immediately after the display operation mode is started are defined as an ion transfer driving period 1, and during this period, liquid crystal is displayed in the display area 7 and the electronic parting area 8 by the ion transfer generation circuit 34 of the display control IC 30. A drive voltage P4 for sweeping / sweeping internal ions is applied. The time of the ion transfer driving period 1 at the timings T1 to T2 is desirably about 30 seconds at the longest in consideration of the time until the light source emits light stably.

  Next, timings T2 to T3 in the display operation mode are image display periods, and the drive voltage to the display area 7 is a drive voltage corresponding to the image (for example, the drive voltages P1 and P2 shown in FIG. 7). As described above, the applied frequency is several tens of Hz. Further, the drive voltage to the electronic parting area 8 in the image display period is the drive voltage P3 shown in FIG. 7, that is, no application. By applying this driving voltage P3 to the electronic parting area 8, as described above, the liquid crystal 4 uses an n-type liquid crystal material, so that the electronic parting area 8 has a high contrast black display. As a result, the electronic parting area 8 functions as a clear electronic parting with respect to the display area 7, and the image of the display area 7 can be projected more beautifully and vividly.

  Next, the non-display operation mode will be described. Since the light source is turned off in the non-display operation mode, a user (not shown) who views the image of the liquid crystal display device cannot check the display state in the non-display operation mode. Here, the first timings T3 to T4 in the non-display operation mode are defined as an ion transfer driving period 2, and during this period, liquid crystal is displayed in the display area 7 and the electronic parting area 8 by the ion transfer generation circuit 34 of the display control IC 30. A drive voltage P4 for sweeping / sweeping internal ions is applied. The ion transfer drive period 2 is preferably about 1 to 5 minutes.

  Next, timings T4 to T5 in the non-display operation mode are defined as an ion transfer driving period 3. During this period, the driving voltage P3 is applied to the display area 7, and ions inside the liquid crystal are swept to the electronic parting area 8. A driving voltage P4 for applying the voltage is applied. The ion transfer drive period 3 is preferably about 10 to 30 minutes.

  Next, the timing after timing T5 in the non-display operation mode is a rest period, and the non-application drive voltage P3 is applied to both the display region 7 and the electronic parting region 8, and continues until the display operation mode is started next. To do.

  Next, based on FIG. 8 as well, an example of an operation flow in which the display area 7 and the electronic parting area 8 move in the pixel area 9 in order to diffuse ions inside the liquid crystal will be described. As a premise of the description here, in this embodiment, the movement of the display area 7 and the electronic parting area 8 is performed according to the periodic movement timing in which the display movement circuit 33 of the display control IC 30 moves periodically, and the liquid crystal display device 1. It is assumed that the movement is performed at both timings of the mode movement timing when the display mode is switched.

  In FIG. 8, if the movement state of the display area 7 and the electronic parting area 8 before the display operation mode is started (before timing T1) is the initial state M1, the display operation mode is started and ions are moved. At the timing T2 when the transfer driving period 1 ends and the image display period starts, the display area 7 and the electronic parting area 8 move from the state M1 to the state M2 as illustrated.

  Next, for example, every 1 hour elapses between the timings T2 to T3 of the image display period, and the display area 7 and the electronic parting area 8 are changed from the state M2 to the state M3, and then to the state. A move is made to M4.

  Next, when switching to the non-display operation mode at timing T3, the display area 7 and the electronic parting area 8 move from the state M4 to the state M1, and the state M1 is maintained until the display operation mode is switched again.

  Next, the movement of ions inside the liquid crystal in each display mode will be described with reference to FIG. First, at the timings T1 to T2 immediately after the display operation mode is started, the driving voltage P4 having a high frequency is applied to the display region 7 and the electronic parting region 8, so that the dipole moment of the liquid crystal molecules of the liquid crystal 4 vibrates violently. As a result, a dipole moment wave is generated. As a result, ions inside the liquid crystal in the display region 7 are swept out to the electron parting region 8 along the alignment direction, and ions inside the liquid crystal in the electron parting region 8 are swept to the outer periphery of the electron parting region 8. It is done.

  Next, at the timing T2 when the image display period is started, if the display region 7 and the electronic parting-out region 8 move from the state M1 to the state M2, there are ions remaining near the corner portion of the display region 7. Since the position where ions are accumulated moves from I1 to I2, the ion accumulation is diffused (see FIG. 6).

  Next, when the image display period elapses, for example, for 1 hour, the display area 7 and the electronic parting area 8 move from the state M2 to the state M3, so that the position where ions accumulate is moved to I3, and the accumulation of ions is hindered and diffused. To do. If a fixed pattern that hardly changes is displayed in the display area 7 and ions are partially accumulated, the display area 7 moves and the fixed pattern also moves, and the accumulation of ions is diffused. The

  Next, when the image display period further elapses, the display area 7 and the electronic parting area 8 move from the state M3 to the state M4, so that the position where ions accumulate is moved to I4, and the accumulation of ions is hindered and diffused. To do.

  Next, when switching to the non-display operation mode at timing T3, the display area 7 and the electronic parting area 8 move from the state M4 to the state M1, so that the position where ions accumulate is moved to I1, and the accumulation of ions is prevented. Spread.

  Here, the period of the timings T3 to T4 is the ion transfer driving period 2 as described above, and since the driving voltage P4 is applied to both the display area 7 and the electron parting area 8, the display area 7 actually The effect of moving the electronic parting area 8 cannot be expected so much. In order to improve the effect of the movement of the display area 7 and the electronic parting area 8 at the timing T3, for example, the voltage value of the driving voltage P4 of the display area 7 in the ion transfer driving period 2 is lowered, or the display area 7 and the electronic parting area 8 may be driven by changing the frequency of the driving voltage P4.

  As a result, the driving conditions of the display area 7 and the electron parting area 8 in the ion transfer driving period 2 are different. Therefore, the effect of diffusing the accumulation of ions by moving the display area 7 and the electron parting area 8 at the timing T3. Becomes larger. Note that the movement of the display area 7 and the electronic parting area 8 by switching to the non-display operation mode is not limited to the timing T3, and may be, for example, the timing T4.

  Further, the driving voltage in the ion transfer driving period is not limited to the driving voltage P4. For example, the drive voltage applied to the display area 7 and the electronic parting area 8 may be relatively varied to drive the ion sweeping / sweeping effect. In addition, the operation flow shown in FIG. 8 applies the drive voltage P4 for sweeping out / sweeping ions together with the movement of the display region 7 and the electron parting region 8, but is not limited to this operation flow. The function of the display control IC 30 may be simplified by diffusing the accumulation of ions only by moving the display area 7 and the electronic parting area 8.

  Next, the effect of the liquid crystal display device 1 of the present embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. 9 (a) and 9 (b). FIG. 9A shows changes in contrast and reflectance of the display area 7 when the operation flow shown in FIG. 8 is executed and then the display operation mode is entered again. Here, the A area and the B area are specific places of the display area 7 shown in FIG. That is, the area A is near the center of the display area 7, and the area B is near the corner of the display area 7.

  An arrow C indicates the alignment direction of the inorganic alignment films 12a and 12b (about 45 degrees with respect to the display region 7), and ions move along the alignment direction (arrow C). For this reason, in the case of a conventional liquid crystal display device, ions are most likely to accumulate in the vicinity of the B region. Therefore, the vicinity of the B region is a region where the contrast and the like are greatly affected (FIGS. 16A and 16B). )). However, as shown in FIG. 9A, as a result of measuring the contrast and the reflectance of the A area and the B area using the liquid crystal display device 1 of this example, the A area Both the contrast and the reflectance of the region B do not change, the contrast keeps a high value, and the reflectance is constant.

  When this FIG. 9A is compared with FIG. 16A shown in the conventional example, the effect of the present invention is clear. As described above, the reason why the contrast and reflectivity of the B area near the corner of the display area 7 of the liquid crystal display device 1 of the present invention does not change is that the display area 7 and the electronic parting area 8 are sequentially moved at a predetermined timing. This is because the ion pool is diffused and the driving voltage having a high frequency is applied every time the display mode is switched to sweep out / sweep the ions to the outer periphery of the electron parting region 8.

  In FIG. 9A, the effect of the fixed pattern in the display area 7 on the accumulation of ions is not described. However, the fixed pattern as shown in FIG. As a result, the effect was the same as in FIG. 9A, and both the contrast and the reflectance were good without change.

  As described above, according to the liquid crystal display device used in the present invention, ions accumulated in a corner portion of the display area can be diffused by moving the display area and the electronic parting area at a predetermined timing. Therefore, it is possible to provide a high-quality liquid crystal display device in which the contrast is always uniform and there is no display unevenness. In addition, this example applies a driving voltage for sweeping / sweeping ions every time the display mode of the liquid crystal display device is switched, so that the diffused ions can be swept to the outer periphery of the electron parting region. Thus, it is possible to provide a liquid crystal display device excellent in image quality.

  In addition, since the liquid crystal display device is used for a long period of time, even if moisture or gas enters from the outside through a sealing material or the like, and ions are newly generated inside the liquid crystal, the above-described effect causes the display region. Ions can be diffused and swept out to the outer periphery of the electronic parting region, so that it is possible to provide a highly reliable liquid crystal display device that maintains an extremely stable high-quality display for a long period of time. In addition, since the above-mentioned liquid crystal display device can effectively utilize the electronic parting area around the display area as an ion sweeping area, it does not require a wasted space as in the conventional example, and is small but has a wide display area. A high-performance liquid crystal display device can be provided.

  The liquid crystal display device used in the present invention is a reflection type, but is not limited to this configuration, and may be a transmission type liquid crystal display device, for example. That is, a transmissive liquid crystal display device can be realized by using a glass substrate as a transparent substrate for the first electrode substrate and the second electrode substrate of the liquid crystal display device, using ITO for the pixel electrode and a thin film transistor for the switching element. Even this transmissive liquid crystal display device can be applied to the present invention.

  The liquid crystal display device used in the present invention described above is a countermeasure against ion diffusion, ion sweeping, and ion sweeping when the liquid crystal display panel is used. In the present invention, when the liquid crystal display device having the above-described function is left in a state where the power supply is turned off or disconnected from the power supply for a long time, moisture, ions, and gas entering from the sealing material do not enter the display area. This is to prevent ions already in the liquid crystal from accumulating in the display area.

  Although not shown in the drawing, the liquid crystal display device used in the present invention is provided with an external battery, and when the liquid crystal display device is in a non-operating state, the liquid crystal display device is driven by an external battery every predetermined time, and ion diffusion, Ion sweep and ion sweep. In the ion sweeping, ions accumulated in the electron parting region or the ion sweeping region are swept out to the outer periphery of the region. Therefore, when the voltage is increased and the driving is performed faster than usual (10 to 100 times), the ion sweeping can be promoted.

  FIG. 10 is an enlarged view of a corner portion of the liquid crystal display panel according to the present invention. A pixel electrode region for each color is arranged on the outer periphery of the display region 6, a second ion sweeping pixel electrode region 8-2 on the outer periphery, and a first ion sweeping pixel electrode region 8-1 on the outer periphery. A liquid crystal display panel having The second ion sweeping pixel electrode region 8-2 and the first ion sweeping pixel electrode region 8-1 can also serve as an electron parting region and also serve as an ion blocking region. The color matching pixel area electrode area is used for mutual alignment when a plurality of liquid crystal panels are used. This region allows adjustment of mechanical misalignment of the plurality of liquid crystal panels, and facilitates assembly. .

  The liquid crystal panel drive region is composed of at least two of a display region, a color-aligned pixel electrode region, an electron parting pixel electrode region, and an ion sweeping pixel electrode region, and the ion transfer generating means is used for the remaining of the external battery. A liquid crystal display device in which the combination of drive areas is changed depending on the amount is used. For example, when the battery capacity detector detects that the remaining battery level is low, the battery can be used for a long time by driving only one of the electrode regions or by extending the battery life by changing the driving cycle. Like that.

  Thereby, even if the remaining amount of the external battery decreases when the liquid crystal display device is left for a long time, it is possible to extend the time during which the accumulation of ions inside the liquid crystal can be prevented with a minimum drive.

  Next, a liquid crystal display device used in Example 2 of the present invention will be described. FIG. 11 is a block diagram showing an electrical configuration of a liquid crystal display device used in Embodiment 2 of the present invention. Here, the electrical configuration of this example will be described with reference to FIG. The feature of this example is that the liquid crystal panel is composed of three pieces in order to perform full color image display by RGB. The same elements as those of the liquid crystal display device according to the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and a part of overlapping description is omitted.

  In FIG. 11, reference numeral 40 denotes a liquid crystal display device according to the present embodiment, which includes three liquid crystal panels 10R, 10G, and 10B and a display control IC 41 as display control means. Since the liquid crystal panels 10R, 10G, and 10B are the same as the liquid crystal panel 10 shown in the first embodiment, the description thereof is omitted.

  The display control IC 41 includes an electronic parting generation circuit 31, an ion transfer generation circuit 34, a synthesis circuit 42, a display movement circuit 43, a switching circuit 44, and the like. Here, the functions of the electronic parting generation circuit 31 and the ion transfer generation circuit 34, the connection of the signal lines, and the like are the same as those in the first embodiment, and the description thereof will be omitted. The synthesizing circuit 42 receives three pieces of image data E2r, E2g, E2b as color information from the outside, and also inputs the electronic parting data E1 from the electronic parting generation circuit 31 and three pieces of composite image data E3r, E3g, E3b is output.

  The display moving circuit 43 receives the composite image data E3r, E3g, E3b and the display mode signal E4 and outputs three display data E5r, E5g, E5b. The switching circuit 44 inputs display data E5r, E5g, E5b and an ion transfer control signal E6, outputs liquid crystal drive signals E7r, E7g, E7b, and inputs them to the liquid crystal panels 10R, 10G, 10B.

  Next, an outline of the operation of the liquid crystal display device 40 will be described with reference to FIG. In addition, the operation | movement which overlaps with Example 1 is abbreviate | omitted. The combining circuit 42 of the display control IC 41 combines the three pieces of image data E2r, E2g, E2b, which are color information, and the electronic parting data E1, and outputs combined image data E3r, E3g, E3b. Here, if the electronic parting data E1 is logical “0” in the display area 7 and is logical “1” in the electronic parting area 8, the composite image data E3r, E3g, E3b corresponding to the electronic parting area 8 is The logic becomes “1”, and the liquid crystal panels 10R, 10G, and 10B each display the electronic parting area 8 that is black.

  Further, in the display area 7 where the electronic parting data E1 is logic “0”, the composite image data E3r, E3g, E3b are output through the image data E2r, E2g, E2b as they are, so that the liquid crystal panels 10R, 10G, In each display area 7 of 10B, an image based on the image data E2r, E2g, E2b is displayed.

  Further, the display moving circuit 43 receives the composite image data E3r, E3g, and E3b, respectively, and in order to diffuse the ions inside the liquid crystal, the display area 7 and the electronic parting area 8 according to a predetermined direction and moving amount at a predetermined timing. Display data E5r, E5g, E5b for moving the display in the pixel region 9 is output. The moving method of the display area 7 and the electronic parting area 8 is performed by the same process as in the first embodiment. In addition, the predetermined timing at which the display area 7 and the electronic parting area 8 are moved includes a periodic movement timing in which the display area 7 and the electronic parting area 8 are moved periodically, and a mode movement timing in which the liquid crystal display device 40 moves by switching the display mode. The operation is the same as that of the first embodiment.

  By the operation of the display moving circuit 43, the movement of the display area 7 and the electronic parting area 8 of the three liquid crystal panels 10R, 10G, and 10B are all performed with the same movement timing, movement direction, and movement amount. This is extremely important in order to prevent color misregistration when a full-color image is displayed by combining light emitted from the three liquid crystal panels 10R, 10G, and 10B.

  The switching circuit 44 switches the display data E5r, E5g, E5b and the ion transfer control signal E6 from the ion transfer generation circuit 34 to drive the liquid crystal panels 10R, 10G, 10B, respectively, by liquid crystal drive signals E7r, E7g, E7b. Is output. Here, during the period in which the ion transfer control signal E6 is output from the ion transfer generation circuit 34, the ion transfer control signal E6 is selected and output.

  Next, the three liquid crystal panels 10R, 10G, and 10B display the images by inputting the liquid crystal drive signals E7r, E7g, and E7b from the display control IC 41, respectively, but the operation of each liquid crystal panel is the same as in the first embodiment. Therefore, explanation is omitted.

  As described above, the liquid crystal display device 40 according to the second embodiment has three liquid crystal panels to perform full color display, and is operated by being collectively processed by one display control IC 41. For this reason, three liquid crystal panels are used to control the movement of the display region 7 and the electron parting region 8 in order to diffuse ions inside the liquid crystal, and the drive voltage that is driven to sweep out / sweep the ions inside the liquid crystal. 10R, 10G, 10B can be performed completely synchronously.

  As a result, no color misregistration or the like occurs, and the accumulation of ions in the three liquid crystal panels can be equally diffused / transported, so that the ions in the display area are eliminated, the contrast is always uniform, and display unevenness is maintained. Thus, a high-quality liquid crystal display device suitable for full color display can be provided. In this example, three liquid crystal panels are presented. However, the number of liquid crystal panels is not limited to three, and may be two or four, for example.

  Even when a plurality of liquid crystal display panels as described above are used, the present invention can be used similarly to the first embodiment. External batteries can also be shared.

  Next, an outline of a projection apparatus equipped with the liquid crystal display device of the present invention will be described. FIG. 12 is a configuration diagram showing a schematic configuration of the projection apparatus according to the third embodiment of the present invention. In FIG. 12, reference numeral 80 denotes a projection apparatus on which the liquid crystal display device of the present invention is mounted. Reference numeral 81 denotes a light source, which includes a high-pressure mercury lamp, a xenon lamp, a high-intensity LED, or the like. An optical system 82 includes an infrared cut filter, a PS converter, a color separation optical system, and the like, and outputs light from the light source 81 as incident light 83 separated into RGB.

  Reference numeral 40 denotes a liquid crystal display device used in the present invention presented in Example 2, in which three liquid crystal panels 10R, 10G, and 10B are arranged, and light converted into an image for each RGB is superimposed on the optical system in a full color. Output light 86 is output. In addition, the liquid crystal display device mounted may arrange three liquid crystal display devices 1 presented in the first embodiment of the present invention. Reference numeral 87 denotes a projection lens, which enters and expands the outgoing light 86 from the liquid crystal display device 40, reflects the light by a mirror 88, and projects it onto a screen 89 to display a television image or the like.

  Reference numeral 90 denotes a control unit as control means of the projection device 80, which outputs a light source control signal K1 and a liquid crystal display device control signal K2. The liquid crystal display device control signal K2 is a signal including the image data E2r, E2g, E2b and the display mode signal E4. The control unit 90 switches between the display operation mode and the non-display operation mode, turns on the light source 81 with the light source control signal K1 in the display operation mode, and turns off the light source 81 with the light source control signal K1 in the non-display operation mode.

  The control unit 90 also outputs a liquid crystal display device control signal K2 to supply image data, control signals, etc. to the liquid crystal display device 40 according to the display operation mode and the non-display operation mode, and the liquid crystal panels 10R, 10G, 10B. Each of the display areas 7 and the electronic parting area 8 is moved at a predetermined timing, and a driving voltage for sweeping / sweeping out ions is applied, and ions in each display area 7 are moved. It has the function of diffusing / transferring.

  Reference numeral 91 denotes a power supply unit, which supplies power to the control unit 90 and the liquid crystal display device 40 through power supply lines K3 and K4 to drive the projection device 80. Reference numeral 92 denotes a backup power supply built in the power supply unit 91, and is constituted by a secondary battery. In the backup power source 92, the liquid crystal display device 40 is in a non-display mode. For example, during the ion transfer driving period 2 (period T3 to T4 in FIG. 10), an AC code (not shown) of the projection apparatus 80 is used. When the power supply is stopped due to, for example, being removed from the liquid crystal display device 40, the power supply to the liquid crystal display device 40 is turned off so that the operation of the ion transfer drive period 2 stops and the operation of sweeping / sweeping ions inside the liquid crystal becomes insufficient. Supply and continue the ion transfer drive period. The secondary battery can be used as a driving power source for ion diffusion, ion sweeping, and ion sweeping when the liquid crystal display device of the present invention is left unattended.

  As described above, the projection apparatus according to the present invention is equipped with a liquid crystal display device that does not generate ion accumulation even if left unused for a long time. However, it is possible to provide a projection apparatus capable of obtaining a high-quality display without display unevenness.

  It should be noted that the block diagrams and timing charts shown in the embodiments of the present invention are not limited to these, and can be arbitrarily changed as long as they satisfy the gist of the present invention.

It is a front view of the liquid crystal display device of Example 1 of this invention. It is sectional drawing of the liquid crystal display device of Example 1 of this invention. It is an expanded sectional view which shows the structure of the silicon circuit board of the liquid crystal display device of Example 1 of this invention. FIG. 3 is an equivalent circuit diagram around a switching element that drives a pixel electrode of the liquid crystal display device according to the first embodiment of the present invention. It is a block diagram which shows the electrical structure of the liquid crystal display device of Example 1 of this invention. It is explanatory drawing which shows an example of the movement of the display area and electronic parting area of the liquid crystal display device of Example 1 of this invention. It is explanatory drawing which shows the state of the ion by the movement of the display area and electronic parting area of the liquid crystal display device of Example 1 of this invention. It is a wave form diagram which shows an example of the drive voltage which drives the liquid crystal display device of Example 1 of this invention. It is a timing chart explaining operation | movement of the liquid crystal display device of Example 1 of this invention. It is a graph which shows the contrast and reflectance characteristic of the liquid crystal display device of Example 1 of this invention. It is explanatory drawing which shows the area | region which performs the characteristic evaluation of the liquid crystal display device of Example 1 of this invention. The enlarged view of the corner part of the liquid crystal display panel by this invention It is a block diagram which shows the electrical constitution of the liquid crystal display device of Example 3 of this invention. It is a block diagram which shows schematic structure of the projection apparatus of Example 3 of this invention. It is a front view of the conventional liquid crystal display device. It is sectional drawing of the conventional liquid crystal display device. It is a schematic diagram explaining the motion of the ion inside the conventional liquid crystal display device. It is explanatory drawing which shows a mode that ion accumulates in the corner vicinity and fixed pattern vicinity of the display area of the conventional liquid crystal display device. It is a graph which shows the contrast and reflectance characteristic of the conventional liquid crystal display device. It is explanatory drawing which shows the area | region which performs the characteristic evaluation of the conventional liquid crystal display device. It is a front view which shows the outline of the conventional liquid crystal display device.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1, 40 Liquid crystal display device 2 Silicon circuit board 2a Connection electrode 3 Glass substrate 4 Liquid crystal 5 Sealing material 6 Pixel electrode 7 Display area 8 Electron parting area 8-1 1st ion sweeping pixel electrode area 8-2 2nd ion sweeping pixel electrode Region 9 Pixel region 10, 10R, 10G, 10B Liquid crystal panel 11 Counter electrode 12a, 12b Inorganic alignment film 13 FPC
13a External connection electrode 13b Electrode pattern 14 Wire 15, 83 Incident light 16, 86 Emitted light 20 Switching element 21 Capacitor 22 Light shielding film 23 Insulating film 27 Row drive circuit 28 Column drive circuit 30, 41 Display control IC
31 electronic parting generation circuit 32, 42 synthesis circuit 33, 43 display movement circuit 34 ion transfer generation circuit 35, 44 switching circuit 80 projection device 81 light source 82 optical system 87 projection lens 88 mirror 89 screen 90 control unit 91 power supply unit 92 backup power source E1 Electronic parting data E2, E2r, E2g, E2b Image data E3, E3r, E3g, E3b Composite image data E4 Display mode signal E5, E5r, E5g, E5b Display data E6 Ion transfer control signal E7, E7r, E7g, E7b Liquid crystal drive Signal E8 Row signal line E9 Column signal line P1, P2, P3, P4 Drive voltage K1 Light source control signal K2 Liquid crystal display control signal K3, K4 Power line

Claims (10)

A first electrode substrate having a pixel region in which a plurality of pixel electrodes arranged in a matrix and switching elements for driving the pixel electrodes are formed, and a counter electrode made of a transparent conductive film facing the first electrode substrate, A liquid crystal panel having a second electrode substrate formed and encapsulating liquid crystal between the first electrode substrate and the second electrode substrate;
Display control means for controlling the liquid crystal panel;
A liquid crystal display device comprising:
The pixel area of the liquid crystal panel has a display area for displaying an image and an electronic parting area surrounding the display area in a substantially ring shape by black display,
The display control means includes an electronic parting generation means for displaying the electronic parting area,
Means for driving the electronic parting area and / or the display area at a predetermined timing in order to sweep out ions accumulated in the liquid crystal,
The liquid crystal display device has an external battery, and when the liquid crystal display panel is not performing normal display, the external battery is intermittently driven to sweep out ions accumulated in the liquid crystal to the outside of the display region. .   An opposing alignment surface of the pixel electrode of the first electrode substrate and the counter electrode of the second electrode substrate is formed with an inorganic alignment film by an oblique deposition film of silicon oxide, and the liquid crystal has a negative dielectric anisotropy n. 2. The liquid crystal display device according to claim 1, wherein the liquid crystal display device is a liquid crystal material.   The liquid crystal panel includes a first electrode substrate and a second electrode substrate facing the first electrode substrate, the first electrode substrate and the second electrode substrate are bonded and fixed via a sealing material, and the first electrode A liquid crystal display panel in which liquid crystal is sealed in a gap formed by a substrate, a second electrode substrate, and a sealing material, and at least a color matching pixel electrode region, an electronic parting pixel between the display region and the sealing material 3. The liquid crystal display device according to claim 1, further comprising at least one of an electrode region and an ion sweeping pixel electrode region.   The display control means has ion transfer generation means for sweeping and sweeping out the ions inside the liquid crystal, and the display region and / or the electronic parting region / ion sweeping region is turned off after the power of the liquid crystal display device is turned off. 4. The liquid crystal display device according to claim 1, wherein after a predetermined time elapses, a predetermined drive voltage which is an AC voltage is applied for a predetermined time by an external battery and the ion transfer generating means. .   5. The liquid crystal display device according to claim 1, wherein the first electrode substrate is a silicon substrate. 6.   The liquid crystal display device according to claim 1, wherein the switching element of the first electrode substrate is formed of a semiconductor layer made of single crystal silicon.   The driving area of the liquid crystal panel is composed of at least two of a display area, a color-aligned pixel electrode area, an electron parting pixel electrode area, and an ion sweeping pixel electrode area, and the ion transfer generating means is provided on the external battery. The liquid crystal display device according to claim 1, wherein a combination of drive areas is changed depending on the remaining amount.   8. The liquid crystal display device according to claim 1, wherein the ion transfer generation unit changes a driving cycle according to a remaining amount of the external battery. A first electrode substrate having a pixel region in which a plurality of pixel electrodes arranged in a matrix and switching elements for driving the pixel electrodes are formed, and a counter electrode made of a transparent conductive film facing the first electrode substrate, A liquid crystal panel having a second electrode substrate formed and encapsulating liquid crystal between the first electrode substrate and the second electrode substrate;
Display control means for controlling the liquid crystal panel;
A method for driving a liquid crystal display device including an external battery,
The pixel area of the liquid crystal panel has a display area for displaying an image and an electronic parting area surrounding the display area in a substantially ring shape by black display,
A driving method of a liquid crystal display device, characterized in that, when the liquid crystal display panel is not performing normal display, intermittent driving is performed by sweeping out ions accumulated inside the liquid crystal to the outside of the display area by the external battery.   A light source, a liquid crystal display device according to any one of claims 1 to 8 that converts incident light from the light source into an image, a projection lens that projects outgoing light converted into an image by the liquid crystal display device, and A projection apparatus comprising: the light source; and a control unit that controls the liquid crystal display device.

Images