JP2008089223A - Header structure of heat exchanger - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To equalize a flow rate distribution property in the plate stacking direction and to reduce pressure loss to provide a header structure of a heat exchanger improved in heat exchanging efficiency, with respect to the heat exchanger provided with supply headers and discharge headers for a high temperature-side fluid and low temperature-side fluid at supply/discharge sides of a heat exchanger fluid layer. <P>SOLUTION: The high temperature-side supply header and the low temperature-side supply header, and the high temperature-side discharge header and the low temperature-side discharge header are arranged in such manner that the flow of high-temperature fluid and the flow of low-temperature fluid form the opposed flow, cross flow or parallel flow, the high temperature-side supply header and the low temperature-side supply header, and the high temperature-side discharge header and the low temperature-side discharge header are respectively divided into a plurality of sections in the fluid layer width direction, an area of flow channel of each of high temperature-side supply/discharge headers is changed into tip reduction shape/tip enlargement shape in the plate stacking direction, and an area of flow channel of each of the low temperature-side supply/discharge headers is changed into tip reduction shape/tip enlargement shape. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2008,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention is applied to a nuclear power plant such as a thermal power plant and a high temperature gas reactor, and a high temperature side supply header through which a high temperature fluid flows and a high temperature side discharge header and a low temperature fluid flow through both sides of a heat exchanger body. The present invention relates to a header structure in a plate fin type heat exchanger provided with a low temperature side supply header and a low temperature side discharge header.

A high-temperature side supply header and a high-temperature side discharge header through which high-temperature fluid flows and a low-temperature side supply header and a low-temperature side discharge header through which low-temperature fluid flows are arranged on both sides of the heat exchanger body, The high temperature fluid introduced into the high temperature side supply header is caused to flow through the high temperature fluid layer of the heat exchanger body, and the low temperature fluid introduced from the low temperature side inlet pipe to the low temperature side supply header is passed through the low temperature fluid layer of the heat exchanger body. The high-temperature fluid and the low-temperature fluid are heat-exchanged by flowing in a right angle direction, and the high-temperature fluid after the heat exchange is led to the high-temperature side discharge header and the low-temperature fluid is led to the low-temperature side discharge header. As one of the plate fin type heat exchangers, there is a technology disclosed in Patent Document 1 (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2002-323295) related to the applicant's application.

  In such a technique, on both sides of the heat exchanger body, a high temperature side supply header and a high temperature side discharge header through which a high temperature fluid flows, and a low temperature side supply header and a low temperature side discharge header through which a low temperature fluid flows are disposed, The heat exchanger body is formed by laminating a high-temperature fluid layer and a low-temperature fluid layer with fins between a plurality of plates, and the high-temperature fluid from the high-temperature side supply header and the low-temperature fluid from the low-temperature side supply header are cross-flowed. Thus, the fin structure of the heat exchanger main body is configured to have high strength so as to exchange heat by flowing.

  Patent Document 2 (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2005-98617) discloses a plate fin type heat exchanger in which a high-temperature fluid and a low-temperature fluid are configured to face each other in a heat exchanger body, and an offset fin plate. As mentioned above, the fin structure of the heat exchanger main body is strengthened by using a heat exchange plate fin having a three-layer structure of brazing material / base material / brazing material.

JP 2002-323295 A JP-A-2005-98617

  The technique disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2002-323295 can provide a plate fin type heat exchanger having a heat exchanger body with high strength plate fins. The high-temperature header and the low-temperature header that are arranged in the heat exchanger body and allow the high-temperature fluid and low-temperature fluid to flow into the heat exchanger body have the following points to be improved.

(1) Since the high-temperature fluid and the low-temperature fluid are cross-flow types in which the heat exchanger body is orthogonal, the heat exchange efficiency is lower than the counter-flow type in which the high-temperature fluid layer and the low-temperature fluid layer are countercurrent. I must.
(2) The high-temperature fluid flows into the high-temperature fluid layer in the heat exchanger body from the straight pipe-type high-temperature side supply header installed in the stacking direction of the plates, and the low-temperature fluid flows into the heat exchanger body from the side of the casing. The structure flows into the low-temperature fluid layer so as to be orthogonal to the high-temperature fluid. Therefore, for the high-temperature fluid side, the channel width (channel diameter) of the straight pipe-type high-temperature side supply header with respect to the channel width (frontage) of the high-temperature side inlet and the high-temperature side outlet in the high-temperature side fluid layer of the heat exchanger body ) Is extremely small, the portion corresponding to the supply header flow path diameter in the high temperature side fluid layer has a high flow rate, and a secondary flow that flows in the opposite direction occurs at the end, so the flow distribution in the flow direction of the high temperature fluid The deviation is likely to occur. Thus, there is a problem in the flow direction distribution characteristics in the width direction of the high temperature side fluid layer or the low temperature side fluid layer.
(3) Since the heat exchanger body has a structure in which about 4 heat exchanger modules are stacked in the stacking direction of the plates (from the figure of the above-mentioned patent document), the heat exchanger module on the upper side of the high-temperature fluid supply side A large amount of high-temperature fluid flows in, but the inflow amount of the high-temperature side fluid decreases as it goes to the lower side and moves away from the supply side, and the inflow amount of the high-temperature side fluid to the heat exchanger module at the bottom is lower than that at the top Decrease significantly.
On the other hand, the low temperature side fluid flows in and out of the casing side portion at the center of the heat exchanger height direction into the low temperature side fluid layer in the heat exchanger body so as to be orthogonal to the high temperature side fluid. The flow rate of the low temperature side fluid in the vicinity of the central portion in the direction is large, and the flow rate of the low temperature side fluid to the upper and lower heat exchanging parts that are separated from the supply side is small.
Therefore, the flow distribution of the high-temperature fluid and the low-temperature fluid in the heat exchanger body is not uniform in the heat exchanger height direction. Thus, in addition to the flow distribution characteristics of the same fluid layer, there is a problem with the flow distribution characteristics in the stacking direction.

Further, the technique disclosed in Patent Document 2 (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2005-98617) has the following problems.
(1) The diameters of the inlet pipe and outlet pipe of the high temperature side fluid and the inlet pipe and outlet pipe of the low temperature side fluid are about 1/3 compared to the flow path openings of the high temperature side fluid and the low temperature side fluid in the heat exchanger body. Therefore, the high temperature side header and the low temperature side header are an inlet pipe and an outlet pipe for the high temperature side fluid, and an inlet pipe and an outlet pipe for the low temperature side fluid,
In order to connect the flow channel opening of the heat exchanger body,
It has a shape that is expanded in a tapered shape toward the flow channel opening side of the heat exchanger body.
For this reason, the flow velocity of the high-temperature fluid and the low-temperature fluid is maximum in the piping portion such as the inlet pipe and outlet pipe of the high-temperature side fluid and the inlet pipe and outlet pipe of the low-temperature side fluid, and is minimum in the fluid layer of the heat exchanger body. The flow velocity suddenly expands / shrinks in the flow path of the fluid supply piping → fluid layer of the heat exchanger body → fluid discharge piping, rapidly increases in the fluid supply header, decreases in flow velocity, and rapidly decreases in the fluid discharge header. As the flow velocity increases, the pressure loss in the fluid supply header and the fluid discharge header increases significantly.
(2) Since the high temperature side fluid and the low temperature side fluid are supplied downward to the fluid layer of the heat exchanger body in the stacking direction of the plates and discharged upward, the fluid layer of the supply side heat exchanger The higher the flow rate, the smaller the flow rate of the fluid layer of the heat exchanger farther from the supply side, and the non-uniform flow distribution in the plate stacking direction.

  In view of the problems of the prior art, the present invention provides a uniform heat flow distribution characteristic in the stacking direction of plates in a heat exchanger in which a supply header and a discharge header for high-temperature side fluid or low-temperature side fluid are arranged on both sides of the heat exchanger body. In addition, an object of the present invention is to provide a header structure of a heat exchanger that reduces pressure loss due to non-uniform flow distribution characteristics and improves heat exchange efficiency.

The present invention achieves such an object, and the high temperature side supply header through which the high temperature side fluid flows and the high temperature side discharge header and the low temperature side fluid flow through the supply / discharge side of each fluid layer of the heat exchanger. A low temperature side supply header and a low temperature side discharge header are arranged, and the high temperature fluid introduced from the high temperature side inlet pipe to the high temperature side supply header is allowed to flow through the high temperature side fluid layer of the heat exchanger body and the low temperature side The low-temperature side fluid introduced from the inlet pipe to the low-temperature side supply header is caused to flow through the low-temperature fluid layer of the heat exchanger main body to exchange heat between the high-temperature side fluid and the low-temperature side fluid. In the header structure of the heat exchanger configured to lead the high temperature side fluid to the high temperature side discharge header and lead the low temperature side fluid to the low temperature side discharge header,
The high temperature side supply header and the low temperature side supply header, and the high temperature side discharge header and the low temperature side discharge header are connected to the high temperature side fluid flow from the high temperature side supply header to the high temperature side discharge header and from the low temperature side supply header to the low temperature side. The high-temperature side supply header and the low-temperature side supply header, and the high-temperature side discharge header and the low-temperature side discharge header are arranged so that the flow of the low-temperature side fluid toward the discharge header is counterflow, orthogonal flow, or parallel flow. Are each divided into a plurality of fluid layer width directions,
The flow path area of each high-temperature side supply header in the stacking direction of the plate is formed in a reduced tip shape that is reduced from the high-temperature fluid inlet side toward the high-temperature fluid layer side, and each low-temperature side in the plate stacking direction The flow path area of the supply header is formed in a reduced tip shape that is reduced from the inlet side of the cryogenic fluid toward the cryogenic fluid layer side (Claim 1).
In addition to this invention, preferably, the flow path area of each high-temperature side discharge header is formed in an enlarged tip shape from the high-temperature fluid layer side of the heat exchanger body toward the high-temperature side outlet pipe side in the plate stacking direction. With
In the stacking direction of the plates, the flow path area of each of the low-temperature side discharge headers is formed in an enlarged shape from the low-temperature fluid layer side of the heat exchanger body toward the low-temperature side outlet pipe side (claim 2).

According to this invention, the flow of the high-temperature fluid and the flow of the low-temperature fluid in the high-temperature side supply header and the low-temperature side supply header, and the high-temperature side discharge header and the low-temperature side discharge header are counterflow, orthogonal flow, or parallel flow. The high-temperature side supply header and the low-temperature side supply header, and the high-temperature side discharge header and the low-temperature side discharge header are each divided into a plurality in the fluid layer width direction.
The flow area of each high-temperature side supply header in the stacking direction of the plates is formed in a reduced tip shape that is reduced from the high-temperature fluid inlet side toward the high-temperature fluid layer side, and the flow area of each low-temperature side supply header is Since it is formed in a reduced tip shape that is reduced from the inlet side toward the low temperature fluid layer side (Claim 1),
Hot fluid from the hot feed header to the hot fluid layer of the heat exchanger along the stacking direction of the plate from the hot fluid inlet of the hot feed header or along the stack of plates from the cold fluid inlet of the cold feed header In response to an increase in the cumulative inflow volume or an increase in the cumulative inflow volume of low temperature fluid from the low temperature supply header to the low temperature fluid layer of the heat exchanger, the flow area of each high temperature supply header or each low temperature By reducing the flow path area of the side supply header, the flow distribution characteristics in the stacking direction of the plates of the high temperature side supply header and each low temperature side supply header can be made uniform.

Thereby, the high temperature side fluid and the low temperature side fluid from the high temperature side supply header and each low temperature side supply header can be made to uniformly flow into the high temperature side fluid layer and the low temperature side fluid layer of the heat exchanger. Moreover, the heat exchange efficiency can be improved by making the flow of the high-temperature side fluid and the flow of the low-temperature side fluid preferably counterflows as described above.
Also, as described above, the high temperature side flowing into the fluid layer of the heat exchanger along the plate stacking direction from the high temperature fluid inlet of the high temperature side supply header or the plate stacking direction from the low temperature fluid inlet of the low temperature side supply header. Since the flow distribution characteristics of the fluid or the low temperature side fluid are made uniform, the flow distribution characteristics of the high temperature side fluid or the low temperature side fluid in the fluid layer of the heat exchanger are made uniform, and the fluid of the heat exchanger Pressure loss associated with non-uniform flow distribution characteristics in the bed can be reduced.

  Further, in the stacking direction of the plates, the flow area of each high-temperature side discharge header is formed in an enlarged shape that extends from the high-temperature side fluid layer side toward the outlet side from the heat exchanger body side, and each low-temperature side Since the flow path area of the discharge header is formed so as to expand from the low-temperature fluid layer side to the outlet side from the heat exchanger body side (Claim 2), the plate stacking direction as described above Corresponding to the change in flow area of the tip of the high temperature side supply header and the low temperature side supply header in the stacking direction, the flow path area change in the stacking direction of the high temperature side discharge header and the low temperature side discharge header is By forming in an enlarged shape, the effect of equalizing the flow distribution characteristics in the stacking direction of the plates of the high temperature side supply header and the low temperature side supply header is further improved.

In this invention, specifically, the following configuration is preferable.
(1) dividing the plurality of high temperature side supply headers and low temperature side supply headers, and the plurality of high temperature side discharge headers and low temperature side discharge headers into a plurality of flow paths in the width direction of the heat exchanger, respectively; From the flow paths of the plurality of high-temperature side supply headers to the flow paths of the plurality of high-temperature side discharge headers through the high-temperature fluid layer of the heat exchanger main body, and the low-temperature side fluid is supplied to the plurality of low-temperature side supply headers. The flow path is led out to the flow paths of the plurality of low-temperature side discharge headers through the low-temperature fluid layer of the heat exchanger main body (Claim 3).

  With this configuration, the plurality of high-temperature side supply headers and the high-temperature side discharge headers, and the plurality of low-temperature side supply headers and the low-temperature side discharge headers are respectively associated with each other in the plurality of flow paths in the width direction of the heat exchanger. Since the high temperature fluid and the low temperature fluid are sent to the heat exchanger main body from a plurality of flow paths divided and arranged in the width direction of the heat exchanger, the high temperature fluid and the low temperature fluid are distributed widely and uniformly in the width direction of the heat exchanger. The flow distribution of the high temperature fluid and the low temperature fluid in the heat exchanger width direction can be improved with a compact structure.

  (2) One header of the high temperature side supply header and the high temperature side discharge header is divided into a plurality of flow paths in the width direction of the heat exchanger, and the other header is a single flow path. One header of the side discharge header is divided into a plurality of flow paths in the width direction of the heat exchanger, the other header is a single flow path, and the high temperature side fluid is transferred from the flow path of the high temperature side supply header to the heat exchange. The low-temperature fluid is led out to the flow path of the high-temperature side discharge header through the high-temperature fluid layer of the heat exchanger body and the low-temperature fluid is discharged from the flow path of the low-temperature supply header through the low-temperature fluid layer of the heat exchanger main body. It is configured to lead out to the flow path of the header.

  If comprised in this way, the one side of the said high temperature side supply header and the high temperature side discharge header is a single flow path structure, and similarly, one side of the said low temperature side supply header and the low temperature side discharge header is a single channel structure. The flow path structure simplifies the head structure and the other side is composed of a plurality of flow paths, so that the high-temperature fluid and the low-temperature fluid are widely and uniformly distributed in the heat exchanger width direction, and the heat exchanger width The flow distribution characteristics of the hot fluid and the cold fluid in the direction can be improved.

(3) The flow path width dimension of each of the high temperature side supply headers and the net width dimension excluding the fin thickness of the high temperature fluid layer of the heat exchanger body connected to each of the high temperature side supply headers. They are formed with substantially the same dimensions (claim 5). Alternatively, the flow path width dimension of each low temperature side supply header and the net width dimension excluding the fin thickness of the low temperature fluid layer of the heat exchanger body connected to each low temperature side supply header, respectively. The same dimension is formed (claim 6).
If comprised in this way, the flow velocity of the high temperature side fluid or the low temperature side fluid is made substantially constant inside each high temperature side supply header or low temperature side supply header, and the high temperature side fluid or the low temperature side fluid is fluidized in the fluid layer of the heat exchanger body. Therefore, the pressure loss of the high temperature side fluid or the low temperature side fluid in the high temperature side supply header or the low temperature side supply header can be reduced.

(4) The plurality of flow paths of the high temperature side supply header and the low temperature side supply header and the plurality of flow paths of the high temperature side discharge header and each low temperature side discharge header are constant in the width direction of the heat exchanger. The amount is shifted (claim 7). Preferably, the shift amount is about ½ of the width direction pitch of each header.
If comprised in this way, in the heat exchanger main body of the high temperature side fluid or the low temperature side fluid which flows into the high temperature side discharge header or the low temperature side discharge header through the inside of the heat exchanger body from the high temperature side supply header or the low temperature side supply header The flow distribution in the width direction can be made uniform, and uniform heat exchange performance can be obtained.

(5) The plurality of flow paths of the high-temperature side supply header and the low-temperature side supply header are arranged in symmetrical positions with respect to the centers of the high-temperature side inlet portion and the low-temperature side inlet portion in the width direction of the heat exchanger ( Claim 8).
With this configuration, the high temperature side fluid or the low temperature side fluid can be uniformly introduced from the high temperature side inlet portion or the low temperature side inlet portion into the high temperature side supply header or the low temperature side supply header. The flow distribution characteristics in the direction can be made uniform.

According to the present invention, the high temperature of the heat exchanger from the hot supply header along the stacking direction of the plate from the hot fluid inlet of the hot supply header or the stacking direction of the plate from the cold fluid inlet of the cold supply header. As the cumulative inflow of high-temperature fluid into the side fluid layer increases or the cumulative inflow of low-temperature fluid from the low-temperature supply header into the low-temperature fluid layer of the heat exchanger increases, By reducing the flow area of the supply header or the flow area of each low-temperature supply header, the flow distribution in the stacking direction of the plates of the high-temperature supply header and the low-temperature supply header can be made uniform.
Moreover, the small and compact structure by dividing in the width direction makes the high temperature side fluid and the low temperature side fluid from the high temperature side supply header and each low temperature side supply header uniformly in the high temperature side fluid layer and the low temperature side fluid layer. The heat exchange efficiency can be improved in combination with the flow of the high-temperature side fluid and the flow of the low-temperature side fluid being desirably counterflow.

  Further, according to the present invention, a plurality of high-temperature side supply headers and high-temperature side discharge headers, and a plurality of low-temperature side supply headers and low-temperature-side discharge headers are respectively associated with each other in a plurality of flow paths in the width direction of the heat exchanger. The high temperature side fluid and the low temperature side fluid are divided into a plurality of flow paths arranged in the width direction of the heat exchanger and sent to the fluid layer of the heat exchanger, so that the high temperature side fluid and the low temperature side fluid are Wide and uniform distribution in the low temperature side fluid layer width direction, and the flow distribution characteristics of the high temperature side fluid and the low temperature side fluid in the high temperature side fluid layer and the low temperature side fluid layer width direction can be made uniform with a compact structure.

  Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the embodiments shown in the drawings. However, the dimensions, materials, shapes, relative arrangements, and the like of the component parts described in this example are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention only to specific examples unless otherwise specified. Only.

FIG. 9 is a system diagram of a HTGR indirect power generator to which the present invention is applied.
In FIG. 9, 103 is a nuclear reactor, 100 is a turbine driven by helium gas from an intermediate heat exchanger 106, which will be described later, 101 is a compressor that is directly connected to the turbine 100, and 102 is directly connected to the turbine 100. The high-temperature helium gas after driving the turbine 100 is heat-exchanged with the low-temperature helium gas from the compressor 101 in the regenerative heat exchanger 104 to raise the temperature of the low-temperature helium gas, and the intermediate heat exchanger 106 To send. Further, the helium gas at the outlet of the regenerative heat exchanger 104 is cooled by the pre-cooler 105 and then fed into the compressor 101.
The intermediate heat exchanger 106 heats the helium gas by exchanging heat between the primary fluid generated in the nuclear reactor 103 and the helium gas from the regenerative heat exchanger 104. The turbine 100 is driven by the heated helium gas.
FIG. 10 is a system diagram of a HTGR direct power generation apparatus to which the present invention is applied. In this case, the helium gas heated by the regenerative heat exchanger 104 is directly fed into the reactor 103.

The present invention relates to a header structure of a plate fin type heat exchanger applied to the regenerative heat exchanger 104 and the intermediate heat exchanger 106 of the HTGR power generator shown in FIGS.
FIG. 1 is a side configuration diagram schematically showing the configuration of a plate fin heat exchanger according to a first embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a plan view of a high temperature side header and a heat exchanger body in the first embodiment. FIG. 2 is a view taken along line AA in FIG. 1. 3 is a plan view of the main part of the high temperature side header plate in the first embodiment, FIG. 4 is a plan view of the main part of the low temperature side header plate in the first embodiment, and FIG. 5 is a BB view in the first embodiment. FIG. FIG. 6 is a partial sectional view of the fluid layer of the heat exchanger in the first embodiment, showing fins and plates.

In FIG. 1, 80 is a heat exchanger and is comprised as follows.
Reference numeral 1 denotes a high temperature side supply header, 3 denotes a high temperature side discharge header, 2 denotes a low temperature side supply header, 4 denotes a low temperature side discharge header, and a heat exchanger body 5 is arranged between the headers.
The high temperature side supply header 1 and the high temperature side discharge header 3 are formed on one high temperature side header plate 1s as shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, and the low temperature side supply header 2 and the low temperature side discharge header 4 are As shown in FIG. 4, it is formed on one low-temperature header plate 2s.
And the said high temperature side header plate 1s and the low temperature side header plate 2s are laminated | stacked, and the left header part 61 and the right header part 62 which are arrange | positioned at the right and left of the fluid layer 5 of the said heat exchanger are comprised.

That is, the heat exchanger 80 connects the high temperature side supply header 1 and the low temperature side supply header 2, and the high temperature side discharge header 3 and the low temperature side discharge header 4 to the supply side / discharge of the fluid layer 5 of the heat exchanger. The heat exchanger 80 is configured such that the fluid layer 5 of the heat exchanger is sandwiched between the headers 1, 2, 3, 4.
If comprised in this way, the heat exchanger 80 is comprised in the shape which pinched | interposed the fluid layer 5 of the heat exchanger between the four headers 1, 2, 3, and 4, thereby making the heat exchanger a compact and compact structure. The installation space can be reduced.

2 and 3 showing the high temperature side header plate 1s, the high temperature side supply header 1 is divided into a plurality of channels (in this example, two channels having a channel width S1) in the width direction of the heat exchanger. In addition, the high-temperature side discharge header 3 is divided into a plurality of flow paths (two flow paths in this example) in the width direction of the heat exchanger, and each of the high-temperature side supplies is supplied as indicated by an arrow M in FIG. The high temperature side fluid from the header 1 is sent into the high temperature side discharge header 3 through the high temperature side fluid layer 5 of the heat exchanger.
Fins 10 for guiding the high-temperature fluid toward the heat exchanger body 5 are installed in each flow path of the high-temperature side supply header 1.
Then, the two flow paths of the high temperature side supply headers 1 and the two flow paths of the high temperature side discharge headers 3 are arranged in a certain amount (preferably the high temperature side supply header 1) in the width direction of the heat exchanger. (About 1/2 of the width direction pitch P).

In FIG. 4 showing the low-temperature header plate 2s, the low-temperature supply header 2 is divided into a plurality of flow paths (two in this example) in the width direction of the heat exchanger, and the low-temperature discharge header 4 Is divided into a plurality of flow paths (two in this example) in the width direction of the heat exchanger, and the low-temperature fluid from each of the low-temperature side supply headers 2 is transferred to the heat exchanger as indicated by the arrow N in FIG. It is fed into the low temperature side discharge header 4 through the high temperature side fluid layer 5.
Each flow path of the low-temperature side supply header 2 is provided with fins 15 for guiding the low-temperature side fluid toward the heat exchanger body 5.
Then, the two flow paths of the low-temperature side supply headers 2 and the two flow paths of the low-temperature side discharge headers 4 are arranged in a certain amount (preferably the high-temperature side supply header 1) in the width direction of the heat exchanger. (About 1/2 of the width direction pitch P).

  Thus, heat exchange is performed between the two flow paths of the high temperature side supply header 1 and the low temperature side supply header 2 and the two flow paths of the high temperature side discharge header 3 and the low temperature side discharge header 4. Heat exchange from the high-temperature side supply header 1 or the low-temperature side supply header 2 by disposing a certain amount (preferably about 1/2 of the width direction pitch P of the high-temperature side supply header 1) in the width direction of the vessel. The flow distribution in the width direction in the fluid layer 5 of the heat exchanger of the high temperature side fluid or the low temperature side fluid flowing through the fluid layer 5 of the vessel to the high temperature side discharge header 3 or the low temperature side discharge header 4 can be made uniform, Uniform heat exchange performance can be obtained.

Also, the high-temperature side supply header 1 and the high-temperature side discharge header 3, and the low-temperature side supply header 2 and the low-temperature-side discharge header 4 do not have two flow paths, but the high-temperature side supply header 1 and the high-temperature side discharge header. 3 may be divided into two flow paths in the width direction of the heat exchanger, and the other header may be a single flow path. Also, the low temperature side supply header 2 and the low temperature side discharge header 4 One of the headers may be divided into two flow paths in the width direction of the heat exchanger, and the other header may be a single flow path.
In this case, since the head structure is simplified and the other side includes a plurality of flow paths, the high temperature fluid and the low temperature fluid are widely and uniformly distributed in the heat exchanger width direction, and the heat exchanger width direction is The flow distribution of the high temperature fluid and the low temperature fluid can be improved, and uniform heat exchange performance can be obtained.

The heat exchanger main body 5 shown in FIG. 6 includes, for example, a high temperature side fluid layer 51 and a low temperature side fluid layer 52 in the same manner as in Patent Document 1 (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2002-323295) related to the application of the present applicant. The same number of layers as the high temperature side header plate 1s and the low temperature side header plate 2s are formed across the heat transfer plate 53, and each high temperature side fluid layer 51 is connected to each high temperature side supply header 1 of the high temperature side header plate 1s. The low temperature side fluid layer 52 is in communication with the low temperature side supply header 2 and the low temperature side discharge header 4 of the low temperature side header plate 2s.
Reference numeral 54 denotes heat transfer fins installed in the high temperature fluid layers 51 and the low temperature fluid layers 52.

In FIG. 1, 6 is a high temperature side inlet (high temperature side inlet pipe) to which a high temperature side fluid is supplied, 7 is a low temperature side inlet (low temperature side inlet pipe) to which a low temperature side fluid is supplied, and 8 is a high temperature side fluid. A high temperature side outlet portion (high temperature side outlet pipe) to be discharged and 9 is a low temperature side outlet portion (low temperature side outlet pipe) from which the low temperature side fluid is discharged. The high temperature side inlet portion 6 communicates with the high temperature side supply header 1, the low temperature side inlet portion 7 communicates with the low temperature side supply header 2, and the high temperature side outlet portion 8 communicates with the high temperature side discharge header 3. The low temperature side outlet 9 is in communication with the low temperature side discharge headers 4.
And the said high temperature side fluid flows through the high temperature side fluid layer 51 in the said heat exchanger main body 5 from each said high temperature side supply header 1 arrange | positioned at the said left header part 61, and each arranged at the right header part 62 While flowing out to the high temperature side discharge header 3, the low temperature side fluid flows from the low temperature side supply header 2 arranged in the right header portion 62 through the low temperature side fluid layer 52 in the heat exchanger body 5 and left side. By flowing out to each low-temperature side discharge header 4 arranged in the header portion 61, the flow direction of the high-temperature fluid and the low-temperature fluid flow in the heat exchanger body 5 is opposite to the opposite flow. It is configured.

  As described above, the high temperature side fluid inlet of the high temperature side supply header 1 connected to the high temperature inlet portion 6 and the high temperature side fluid outlet of the high temperature side discharge header 3 are arranged in the same direction in the plate stacking direction, and By arranging the low temperature fluid inlet of the low temperature side supply header 2 connected to the low temperature inlet pipe 7 and the low temperature fluid outlet of the low temperature side discharge header 4 in the same direction in the plate stacking direction, the high temperature fluid and the low temperature fluid are The heat loss in the header can be suppressed by flowing the heat exchanger body 5 in a form crossed in the plate stacking direction.

Further, as shown in FIG. 1, the flow area of the high temperature side supply header 1 in each high temperature side header plate 1s is the high temperature side fluid in the plate stacking direction as indicated by F1 in the X1 line in FIG. The tip is reduced so that the tip is reduced from the inlet side (high temperature inlet pipe 6 side) to the outlet side (downward).
Further, the flow path area of the low-temperature supply header 2 in each low-temperature header plate 2s is the inlet side (low-temperature inlet pipe) of the low-temperature side fluid in the plate stacking direction as indicated by F3 of the Y1 line in FIG. (7 side) is formed so as to have a reduced tip shape that is reduced from the outlet side (downward).

  Further, the flow path area of each high temperature side discharge header 3 in each high temperature side header plate 1s is the high temperature side fluid layer 51 of the fluid layer 5 of the heat exchanger, as indicated by F2 of the X2 line in FIG. It is formed in an enlarged tip shape that expands from the side toward the outlet side of the high temperature side fluid. And the flow path area of each low temperature side discharge header 4 in each low temperature side header plate 2s is the low temperature side fluid layer 52 of the fluid layer 5 of the heat exchanger as indicated by F4 of the Y2 line in FIG. It forms in the front-end | tip enlarged form expanded toward the exit side of the low temperature side fluid from the side.

In this case, as shown in FIG. 5, the two flow paths 1A, 1A of each high-temperature side supply header 1 are symmetrically located at a distance a with respect to the center 6a of the high-temperature side inlet portion 6, and The two flow paths 2A, 2A of each low temperature side supply header 2 are arranged so as to be symmetrical with respect to the center 7a of the low temperature side inlet portion 7 at a distance b.
If comprised in this way, a high temperature side fluid or a low temperature side fluid will be made to flow in uniformly from the said high temperature side inlet part 6 or the low temperature side inlet part 7 into the high temperature side supply header 1, 1 or the low temperature side supply header 2, 2. Thus, the flow distribution characteristic in the width direction of the heat exchanger can be made uniform.

Further, as shown in FIG. 3, the flow path width S1 dimension of each of the high temperature side supply headers 1 is such that the high temperature side fluid layer 51 of the fluid layer 5 of the heat exchanger connected to each of the high temperature side supply headers 1. , Ie, the dimension excluding the thickness of the heat transfer fins 54 installed in the high-temperature side fluid layer 51 is approximately the same as the value divided by the header division number.
Further, the flow path width S2 dimension of each low temperature side supply header 21 is the net width dimension of the low temperature side fluid layer 52 of the fluid layer 5 of the heat exchanger connected to each low temperature side supply header 2, respectively. In other words, the heat transfer fins 54 installed in the low temperature side fluid layer 52 are formed to have substantially the same size as the value obtained by dividing the size by the header division number.
With this configuration, the high temperature side fluid or the low temperature side of each of the high temperature side supply header 1 or the low temperature side supply header 2 can be obtained without suddenly expanding or contracting the flow width of the high temperature side fluid or the low temperature side fluid. Since the fluid can be fed into the fluid layer of the heat exchanger, the pressure loss of the high temperature side fluid or the low temperature side fluid in the high temperature side supply header 1 or the low temperature side supply header can be reduced.

  In the heat exchanger 80 having such a configuration, the high temperature side fluid introduced into the high temperature side supply header 1 from the high temperature side inlet is passed through the high temperature side fluid layer 51 of the fluid layer 5 of the heat exchanger. The low temperature side fluid introduced into the low temperature side supply header 2 from the low temperature side inlet 7 is caused to flow through the low temperature side fluid layer 52 of the fluid layer 5 of the heat exchanger, whereby the high temperature side fluid and the low temperature side fluid are flown. And the high temperature side fluid after the heat exchange is led out to the high temperature side discharge header 3, and the low temperature side fluid is led out to the low temperature side discharge header 4.

According to the first embodiment described above, the high temperature side supply header 1 and the low temperature side supply header 2, and the high temperature side discharge header 3 and the low temperature side discharge header 4 preferably have a high temperature side fluid flow and a low temperature side fluid flow. The high temperature side supply header 1 and the low temperature side supply header 2, and the high temperature side discharge header 3 and the low temperature side discharge header 4, respectively, or either the supply header or the discharge header are arranged so as to be in opposite directions. One of them is divided and laminated in the width direction of the heat exchanger, and the flow path area of each high-temperature side supply header 1 is directed from the high-temperature side fluid inlet side to the high-temperature side fluid layer side in the plate lamination direction. The flow path area of each low-temperature side supply header 2 is formed in a reduced shape at the front end that is reduced from the low-temperature side fluid inlet side toward the low-temperature side fluid layer side.
High temperature from the high temperature side supply header 1 to the high temperature fluid layer of the heat exchanger along the plate stacking direction from the high temperature side fluid inlet of the high temperature side supply header 1 or the plate stacking direction from the low temperature fluid inlet of the low temperature side supply header 2 In response to a decrease in the required integrated flow rate of the side fluid or a decrease in the required integrated flow rate of the low temperature side fluid from the low temperature side supply header 2 to the low temperature fluid layer of the heat exchanger, By reducing the flow path area or the flow path area of each low-temperature supply header 2, the flow distribution in the plate stacking direction of the high-temperature supply header 1 and each low-temperature supply header 2 can be made uniform.

Thereby, the high temperature side fluid and the low temperature side fluid from the high temperature side supply header 1 and each low temperature side supply header 2 can be made to uniformly flow into the fluid layer 5 of the heat exchanger. The heat exchange efficiency can be improved in combination with the flow and the flow of the low-temperature side fluid being desirably counterflow.
Further, as described above, the high temperature flowing into the fluid layer 5 of the heat exchanger along the plate stacking direction from the high temperature fluid inlet of the high temperature side supply header 1 or the plate stacking direction from the low temperature fluid inlet of the low temperature side supply header 2. Since the flow distribution of the side fluid or the low temperature side fluid is made uniform, the flow characteristics of the high temperature side fluid or the low temperature side fluid in the fluid layer 5 of the heat exchanger are made uniform, and the heat exchanger body 5 The pressure loss inside can be reduced.

  Further, in the plate stacking direction of the heat exchanger 80, the flow passage area of each high-temperature side discharge header 3 is formed in an enlarged shape at the tip that is expanded from the fluid layer side to the outlet side of the high-temperature side fluid, Since the flow path area of the discharge header 4 is formed in an enlarged shape so as to expand from the fluid layer inlet side to the outlet side of the low temperature side fluid, the high temperature side supply header 1 and the low temperature in the plate stacking direction as described above. Corresponding to the flow path area change of the tip reduction shape in the plate stacking direction of the side supply header 2, the flow path area change in the plate stacking direction of the high temperature side discharge header 1 and the low temperature side discharge header 2 is formed in an enlarged tip shape. This further improves the effect of uniforming the flow distribution characteristics in the plate stacking direction of the high temperature side supply header 1 and the low temperature side supply header 2.

FIG. 7 is a plan view of the high-temperature header and the heat exchanger fluid layer 5 in the second embodiment of the present invention, and is a view corresponding to the line AA in FIG.
In this 2nd Example, the straight fin 11 is installed in the whole introduction path | route of the high temperature side fluid to the said heat exchanger fluid layer 5 of each high temperature side supply header 1 of the said high temperature side header plate 1s.
Although not shown, straight fins 11 are also installed in the entire low-temperature side fluid introduction passage to the heat exchanger fluid layer 5 of the low-temperature side supply header 2.
If comprised in this way, since the high temperature side fluid or low temperature side fluid from the high temperature side supply header 1 or the low temperature side supply header 2 will be guided to the straight fin 11, and will flow uniformly into the heat exchanger fluid layer 5, it will be heat exchanger. The flow distribution effect of the fluid layer 5 is further improved. In FIG. 7, the straight fin is disposed over the entire introduction passage, but may be partially disposed.

FIG. 8 is a plan view of the high-temperature header and the heat exchanger fluid layer 5 in the third embodiment of the present invention, and is a view corresponding to the line AA in FIG.
In the third embodiment, support bars 12 are erected in the high temperature fluid introduction passages of the high temperature side supply headers 1 (four in this embodiment) of the high temperature side header plate 1s.
If comprised in this way, since it will guide to the support bar 12 and flows uniformly into the heat exchanger fluid layer 5, the flow distribution effect of the heat exchanger fluid layer 5 will be acquired, and the high temperature side header plate 1s and the low temperature side header A plurality of plates 2s can be alternately stacked and pressure can be exerted in the laminating direction by a press to increase the rigidity of each header plate 1s, 2s against the pressure when forming the heat exchanger 80. . Although there is one support bar in FIG. 8, a plurality of support bars may be used.
Note that the fin 10 and the straight fin 11 have the same effect of increasing the rigidity.
In the above embodiment, the heat exchanger is a rectangular parallelepiped, and the supply header and the discharge header are pentagonal, but the application condition is a high temperature range, and it is assumed that the shape of this embodiment is insufficient in strength. Is done. In such a case, the header shape may be changed to a semicircular shape.

  According to the present invention, in the heat exchanger in which the supply header and the discharge supply header of the high temperature side fluid or the low temperature side fluid are arranged on the supply / discharge side of the heat exchanger fluid layer, the flow distribution characteristics in the plate stacking direction are made uniform. At the same time, it is possible to provide a header structure of a heat exchanger that reduces pressure loss and improves heat exchange efficiency.

It is a side lineblock diagram showing typically the composition of the plate fin type heat exchanger concerning the 1st example of the present invention. It is a top view of the high temperature side header and heat exchanger fluid layer in the said 1st Example, and is the AA arrow directional view in FIG. It is a principal part top view of the high temperature side header plate in the said 1st Example. It is a principal part top view of the low temperature side header plate in the said 1st Example. It is a BB arrow directional view in the 1st example. It is a fragmentary sectional view of the heat exchanger fluid layer in the 1st example. It is a top view of the high temperature side header and heat exchanger fluid layer in 2nd Example of this invention, and is an AA arrow equivalent view in FIG. It is a top view of the high temperature side header and heat exchanger fluid layer in 3rd Example of this invention, and is an AA arrow equivalent view in FIG. It is a systematic diagram of a HTGR indirect power generation apparatus which is an application example of the present invention. It is a systematic diagram of a HTGR direct power generation apparatus which is an application example of the present invention.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 High temperature side supply header 1s High temperature side header plate 2 Low temperature side supply header 2s Low temperature side header plate 3 High temperature side discharge header 4 Low temperature side discharge header 5 Fluid layer of heat exchanger 6 High temperature inlet part 7 Low temperature inlet part 8 High temperature outlet part 9 Low temperature outlet portion 10 Fin 11 Straight fin 12 Support bar 51 High temperature side fluid layer 52 Low temperature side fluid layer 61 Left header portion 62 Right header portion 80 Heat exchanger

Claims (8)

A high-temperature side supply header and a high-temperature side discharge header through which the high-temperature side fluid flows and a low-temperature side supply header and a low-temperature side discharge header through which the low-temperature side fluid flows are arranged on the supply / discharge side of the heat exchanger fluid layer. The high temperature side fluid introduced from the high temperature side inlet to the high temperature side supply header is caused to flow through the high temperature side fluid layer of the heat exchanger body and the low temperature side inlet is introduced to the low temperature side supply header. By passing the low temperature side fluid through the low temperature side fluid layer of the heat exchanger body, the high temperature side fluid and the low temperature side fluid are heat exchanged, and the high temperature side fluid after the heat exchange is led to the high temperature side discharge header. And in the header structure of the heat exchanger configured to lead the low temperature side fluid to the low temperature side discharge header,
The high temperature side supply header and the low temperature side supply header, and the high temperature side discharge header and the low temperature side discharge header are connected to the high temperature side fluid flow from the high temperature side supply header to the high temperature side discharge header and from the low temperature side supply header to the low temperature side. The high-temperature side supply header and the low-temperature side supply header, and the high-temperature side discharge header and the low-temperature side discharge header are arranged so that the flow of the low-temperature side fluid toward the discharge header is counterflow, orthogonal flow, or parallel flow. Are each divided into a plurality of fluid layer width directions,
The flow path area of each high temperature side supply header is formed in a reduced tip shape that is reduced from the high temperature side fluid inlet side to the high temperature side fluid layer side in the stacking direction of the plates, A header structure for a heat exchanger, characterized in that a flow path area is formed in a reduced tip shape that is reduced from the low-temperature fluid inlet side toward the low-temperature fluid layer side in the plate stacking direction. The flow passage area of each of the high temperature side discharge headers is formed in an enlarged tip shape so as to expand from the high temperature side fluid layer side of the heat exchanger fluid layer toward the outlet side of the high temperature side fluid in the stacking direction of the plates. ,
The flow path area of each low-temperature side discharge header is formed in an enlarged shape so as to expand from the low-temperature side fluid layer side of the heat exchanger fluid layer toward the outlet side of the low-temperature side fluid in the plate stacking direction. The header structure of the heat exchanger according to claim 1.   The plurality of high temperature side supply headers and low temperature side supply headers, and the plurality of high temperature side discharge headers and low temperature side discharge headers are each divided into a plurality of flow paths in the width direction of the heat exchanger, and the plurality of high temperature side fluids are From the flow path of the high-temperature side supply header through the high-temperature fluid layer of the heat exchanger body to the flow paths of the plurality of high-temperature side discharge headers, and the low-temperature fluid from the flow path of the plurality of low-temperature side supply headers 2. The header structure of a heat exchanger according to claim 1, wherein the header structure is led out to a flow path of each of the plurality of low temperature side discharge headers through a low temperature side fluid layer of the heat exchanger body.   One header of the high temperature side supply header and the high temperature side discharge header is divided into a plurality of flow paths in the width direction of the heat exchanger, and the other header is a single flow path, and the low temperature side supply header and the low temperature side discharge header One header is divided into a plurality of flow paths in the width direction of the heat exchanger, the other header is a single flow path, and the high temperature side fluid is passed from the flow path of the high temperature side supply header to the heat exchanger body. The low-temperature fluid is led to the flow path of the high-temperature side discharge header through the high-temperature fluid layer, and the flow of the low-temperature side discharge header from the flow path of the low-temperature side supply header through the low-temperature side fluid layer of the heat exchanger body The header structure of a heat exchanger according to claim 1, wherein the header structure is led out to a path.   The flow path width dimension of each high temperature side supply header and the net width dimension of the high temperature side fluid layer of the heat exchanger fluid layer connected to each high temperature side supply header are formed to be substantially the same dimension. The header structure of the heat exchanger according to claim 3 or 4, characterized by the above-mentioned.   The flow path width dimension of each low temperature side supply header and the net width dimension of the low temperature side fluid layer of the heat exchanger fluid layer connected to each low temperature side supply header are formed to be substantially the same dimension. The header structure of the heat exchanger according to claim 3 or 4, characterized by the above-mentioned.   The plurality of flow paths of the high temperature side supply headers and the low temperature side supply headers and the plurality of flow paths of the high temperature side discharge headers and the low temperature side discharge headers are shifted by a certain amount in the width direction of the heat exchanger. 4. The heat exchanger header structure according to claim 3, wherein the header structure is arranged.   The plurality of flow paths of the high temperature side supply header and the low temperature side supply header are arranged in symmetrical positions with respect to the centers of the high temperature side inlet portion and the low temperature side inlet portion in the width direction of the heat exchanger, respectively. The header structure of the heat exchanger according to claim 3.

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