JP2008087089A - Rotating tool unit and machine tool provided with the same - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a rotating tool unit which sets change of a tool axis angle of the rotating tool by using driving force of a driving source to rotate the rotating tool with a simple structure, and also to provide a machine tool provided with the unit. <P>SOLUTION: The rotating tool 30 is provided to be rotatable about the tool axis as a center. The rotating tool 30 is provided with a first transmission mechanism 70 to transmit the driving force from the driving source. A tool axis inclination mechanism 77 is provided to incline an axis of a rotating tool spindle 67. The tool axis inclination mechanism 77 is provided with a second transmission mechanism 82 to transmit driving force from a driving source common to the rotating tool spindle 67. A connection mechanism 84 is provided to connect the second transmission mechanism 82 to the driving source, or to make the mechanism 82 into a non-connection state. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2008,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a rotary tool unit for a machine tool such as a combined machining lathe and a machine tool including the rotary tool unit.

In a multi-tasking lathe, it is often required to perform not only turning with a cutting tool but also secondary machining such as inclined hole machining.
In this case, the conventional combined machining lathe is equipped with a dedicated rotary tool unit for inclined hole machining, and the secondary machining is performed by this rotary tool unit.

  However, in the above-described tilt hole machining, it is necessary to prepare a plurality of dedicated rotary tool units for each required tilt angle, so the types of rotary tool units have increased and storage space has to be secured. As a result, the apparatus becomes large, and there is a problem that a large tool cost is required for a plurality of tools.

In order to cope with such a problem, for example, a rotary tool unit having a configuration as disclosed in Patent Document 1 has been proposed. That is, in this conventional configuration, the tilt angle of the rotary tool can be changed. When changing, the clamp bolt is loosened by manual operation, and the movable body supporting the rotary tool is indexed and rotated with respect to the main body. It is configured to make it.
Utility Model Registration No. 2588689

  However, in the conventional configuration described in Patent Document 1, when a plurality of inclined holes having different inclination angles are continuously processed for one workpiece, the clamp bolt cannot be manually operated. It is. Therefore, in order to enable such continuous machining, a plurality of rotary tool units with different inclination angles of the rotary tool are mounted at a plurality of tool mounting positions on the turret, and each rotary tool is rotated by rotating the turret. It is necessary to perform the inclined hole processing by sequentially indexing the units to the processing positions. Therefore, in this conventional configuration, the number of mounted rotary tool units cannot be reduced.

  The present invention has been made paying attention to such problems existing in the prior art. An object of the present invention is to provide a rotary tool unit that has a simple structure and that can easily change the inclination angle of the tool axis of the rotary tool by using the driving force of a drive source for rotating the rotary tool. There is.

  Another object of the present invention is that it is not necessary to provide a plurality of rotary tool units, and a single rotary tool unit can perform a plurality of inclined hole machining with different inclination angles, thereby reducing the tool cost. An object of the present invention is to provide a machine tool that can be made compact with a simple structure.

In order to achieve the above object, according to the first aspect of the present invention relating to a tool rotation unit, the tool is supported by a tool support head and rotated about its own axis via a drive shaft by a drive force from a drive source. A rotary tool main shaft that is connected to the tool support head, and a tool angle changing means for changing the angle of the axis of the rotary tool main shaft by rotating about a pivot axis, and driving from the drive source Connection means for switching between a non-connected state where force is not transmitted to the tool angle changing means and a connected state where force is transmitted is provided.

  Therefore, according to the first aspect of the present invention, the inclination angle of the axis of the rotary tool spindle can be arbitrarily changed using the driving force of the drive source for rotating the rotary tool spindle. Therefore, there is no need to provide a plurality of types of rotary tools, and it is not necessary to separately provide a drive force for driving the rotary tool spindle and a drive source for tilting the axis of the rotary tool spindle. The configuration of the tool unit can be simplified. Furthermore, since the rotation of the rotary tool spindle and the change of the tilt angle can be performed only by controlling the rotation of the drive source, the configuration is simplified as described above.

  According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the first aspect of the present invention, the invention further includes a fixing unit that fixes an angle of the axis of the rotary tool spindle, and the connection unit is interlocked with the connection state. A fixing release means for releasing the fixed state by the fixing means is provided.

  When configured in this way, the angle of the axis of the rotary tool spindle can be fixed, and the axis angle of the rotary tool spindle can be changed by the fixing release means in the connecting means. Accordingly, the operation of the connecting means can not only change the axis angle of the rotary tool spindle but also release the fixed angle fixed state, and avoid complication of the configuration.

  According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the first or second aspect of the present invention, the drive shaft is formed in a cylindrical shape, and the pivot shaft is rotatable relative to the drive shaft in the drive shaft. The rotary shaft is disposed so as to be relatively movable in the axial direction, and has a pivot shaft to which a tool support head is connected.

  When configured in this way, the structure of the rotary tool unit can be further simplified and the entire unit can be miniaturized by arranging the drive shaft and the turning shaft on the same axis. Can do.

  According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in the invention according to any one of the first to third aspects, the connecting means includes a holding means for holding the connecting means in the non-connected state, and a holding thereof. Switching means for switching the connecting means to the connected state against the holding force of the means, the switching means and a clutch provided between the drive shaft and the turning shaft, Clutch driving means for switching to a connected state, and the holding means is constituted by a spring for biasing the clutch to a non-connected state.

  In such a configuration, when changing the inclination angle of the tool axis of the rotary tool, the change control of the inclination angle of the tool axis can be performed only by switching the clutch by the clutch driving means.

  According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, in the fourth aspect of the present invention, the clutch driving means is actuated by the pressure of the coolant supplied to the machining portion, and moves the swiveling shaft in the axial direction to move the clutch. It is characterized by comprising a cylinder mechanism to be connected.

In such a configuration, the clutch can be switched and operated using the pressure of the coolant supplied onto the rotary tool.
Furthermore, in invention of Claim 6 which concerns on a machine tool, the rotary tool unit as described in any one of Claims 1-5 is provided.

  According to a seventh aspect of the present invention relating to a machine tool, the tool angle changing means includes an indexable turret provided with the rotary tool unit according to any one of the first to fifth aspects. Is provided on the turret and is arranged so as to correspond to the rotary tool spindle determined at the machining position.

  In such a configuration, it is not necessary to provide a plurality of rotary tool units in which the tilt angle of the tool axis of the rotary tool is changed, and the tilt angle is changed while changing the tilt angle of the tool axis with one rotary tool unit. A plurality of inclined holes can be processed.

  As described above, according to the present invention, the tilt angle of the tool axis of the rotary tool can be changed using the driving force of the drive source for rotating the rotary tool, and the configuration is simplified. Demonstrate the effect.

Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
First, a combined machining lathe as a machine tool embodying the present invention will be described.
As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, a first headstock 12 is disposed on the left side of the upper surface of the bed 11. A first spindle 13 is supported on the first spindle stock 12 so as to be rotatable about an axis extending in the Z-axis direction, and a work W is detachably held on the proximal end side by a collet 14 at the tip of the first spindle 13. Is done.

  On the right side of the upper surface of the bed 11, a second headstock 16 is disposed along the guide rail 17 so as to be movable in the Z-axis direction. A second spindle 18 is supported on the second spindle stock 16 so as to be rotatable on the same axis as the first spindle 13, and a work W can be attached to the distal end of the second spindle 18 by a collet 19 on the proximal end side. Grasped.

  As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, in front of the first headstock 12, a first turret base 21 is placed on the left side of the upper surface of the bed 11 along the guide rails 22 and 23 in the Z-axis direction and perpendicular thereto. It is arranged to be movable in the axial direction. A first turret 24 is supported on the first turret base 21 so as to be indexable and rotatable about an axis extending in the Z-axis direction.

  A second turret base 25 is disposed on the right side of the upper surface of the bed 11 along the guide rails 26 and 27 in the Z-axis direction and the front side of the second headstock 16 so as to correspond to the first turret base 21. It is arranged so as to be movable in the direction of the orthogonal X axis. A second turret 28 is supported on the second turret base 25 so as to be indexable and rotatable on an axis extending in the same Z-axis direction as the first turret 24.

  As shown in FIGS. 1 and 3, a plurality of tool units 29 including rotary tool units such as an inclined surface machining unit 29 </ b> A and a cross drill unit 29 </ b> B can be attached to and detached from the outer periphery of the first and second turrets 24 and 28. It is attached to. Then, by the indexing rotation of the first and second turrets 24 and 28, one tool unit 29 is selectively arranged at a machining position corresponding to the workpiece W on the first and second spindles 13 and 18.

  In this case, when the inclined surface machining unit 29A of the tool unit 29 is indexed and disposed at the machining position, the rotary tool 30 such as a drill mounted on the inclined surface machining unit 29A is directed toward the workpiece W as described later. It protrudes and arrange | positions in the arbitrary inclination directions with respect to an axial direction or a Z-axis direction. On the other hand, for example, when the cross drill unit 29B is indexed and arranged at the machining position, the rotary tool 31 such as a drill mounted on the cross drill unit 29B is arranged to project toward the outer peripheral surface of the workpiece W in the X-axis direction. .

  As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, a table 32 is placed on the upper surface of the bed 11 along the guide rails 33, 34, and 35 in the Z-axis direction, X between the first and second headstocks 12 and 16. It is arranged so as to be movable in the axial direction and the Y-axis direction orthogonal to them. A tool base 36 is supported on the table 32 so as to be indexable and rotatable about an axis extending in the Y-axis direction. A rotary tool 37 such as a drill is detachably attached to the tool base 36 by a tool changer (not shown). . Then, by the indexing rotation of the tool base 36, as will be described later, the rotary tool 37 is disposed so as to protrude in an arbitrary angular direction with respect to the workpiece W on the first and second main shafts 13 and 18.

  When machining the workpiece W, the arbitrary tools 30 and 31 on the first or second turrets 24 and 28 or the rotary tool 37 on the tool table 36 is arranged at a machining position corresponding to the workpiece W. In this state, the rotary tools 30, 31, and 37 are centered on the tool axis by the servo motors 38, 39 constituting the drive sources of the first and second turrets 24, 28 and the tool base 36 and the built-in motor 94 shown in FIG. To be rotated. Further, the first or second turret base 21, 25 or the tool base 36 is moved closer to the workpiece W along the axial direction of the rotary tools 30, 31, 37. As a result, predetermined processing such as drilling is performed on the end surface and outer peripheral surface of the workpiece W.

Next, the configuration of the first and second turret bases 21 and 25 will be described in detail.
As shown in FIG. 4, cylindrical turret shafts 41 are inserted and supported in the first and second turret bases 21 and 25 so as to be rotatable about an axis extending in the Z-axis direction and movable in the axial direction. Yes. The first or second turret 24, 28 is fixed to the tip of the turret shaft 41, and a turret cover 42 is attached to the center of the turret 24, 28.

  A carbide coupling 43 is disposed between the turret bases 21 and 25 and the turrets 24 and 28. Normally, the turret shaft 41 is pulled and moved in the right direction of FIG. 4 by a hydraulic cylinder (not shown), so that the Kirvic coupling 43 is engaged and the turrets 24 and 28 are held at predetermined index positions. Yes. Further, when the tool unit 29 on the turrets 24 and 28 is selected, the turret shaft 41 is protruded and moved in the left direction in FIG. , 28 are allowed to rotate.

  In this state, the turret shaft 41 is rotated by a motor (not shown), whereby the turrets 24 and 28 are indexed and rotated, and a predetermined tool unit 29 is arranged at a machining position corresponding to the workpiece W. Then, the turrets 24 and 28 are held at the indexing position by returning the Kirvic coupling 43 to the meshing state.

  As shown in FIG. 4, a cylindrical first drive shaft 44 is inserted and supported at the center of the turret shaft 41 through a bearing 45 so as to be relatively rotatable, and a bevel gear 46 is provided at the tip of the first drive shaft 44. Is fixed. The first drive shaft 44 is rotated by the servo motors 38 and 39. A bevel gear 47 is provided at the inner end of each rotary tool unit such as the inclined surface machining unit 29A and the cross drill unit 29B on the turrets 24 and 28, and meshed with the bevel gear 46 on the first drive shaft 44. Yes. The first drive shaft 44 is rotated by the servo motors 38 and 39 while an arbitrary rotary tool unit such as the inclined surface machining unit 29A is indexed and arranged at the machining position corresponding to the workpiece W. The rotary tool main shaft 67 of the rotary tool unit at the machining position is rotated via the gears 46 and 47, and the tools 30 and 31 are rotated around their own axes.

  A coolant supply pipe 48 is inserted through the center of the first drive shaft 44, and a large diameter portion 48 a at the tip thereof is supported in the center hole 42 a of the turret cover 42 so as to be relatively rotatable. The base end of the coolant supply pipe 48 is fixed to the turret bases 21 and 25, and the fixed state is maintained even when the first and second turrets 24 and 28 are rotated. An end portion of the coolant supply passage 49 in the coolant supply pipe 48 is opened on the outer peripheral surface of the distal end large diameter portion 48 a of the coolant supply pipe 48. Corresponding to each rotary tool unit 29, coolant passages 50 and 51 are formed in the turret cover 42 and the turrets 24 and 28 so as to extend radially. A coolant channel 52 is formed in each tool unit 29 so as to communicate with the coolant channels 50 and 51.

  When one tool unit 29 is indexed and arranged at the machining position, the coolant flow paths 50, 51, 52 corresponding to the tool unit 29 are connected to the coolant supply path 49 of the coolant supply pipe 48. In this state, when the workpiece W is machined by the tool of the tool unit 29 disposed at the machining position, the tool and the workpiece W are interposed between the coolant supply passage 49 and the coolant passages 50, 51, 52. High pressure coolant is sprayed and supplied to the processing section.

  Next, the configuration of the inclined surface machining unit 29A embodying the present invention in the tool unit 29 will be described in detail. As shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, the inclined surface machining unit 29A is equipped with a base 55 mounted on the outer peripheral surface of the turrets 24, 28, and a mounting cylinder 56 is integrally formed on the lower surface of the base 55 so as to protrude. ing.

  As shown in FIG. 5, a mounting hole 59 and a positioning hole 60 are formed on the outer surface of the turrets 24, 28, and a connecting hole 61 is formed on the outer end of the coolant channel 51 in the turrets 24, 28. ing. Then, the mounting cylinder 56 of the base 55 of the inclined surface machining unit 29A is fitted into the mounting holes 59 of the turrets 24 and 28 and fixed by a clamp piece (not shown), whereby the base 55 of the inclined surface machining unit 29A is fixed. Attached to the outer peripheral surfaces of the turrets 24 and 28. In this case, the base 55 is positioned at a predetermined position on the turrets 24 and 28 by the positioning pins 57 engaging with the positioning holes 60. Further, the coolant passage 52 in the base 55 and the coolant passage 51 in the turrets 24 and 28 are connected by a joint pipe 58 sandwiched in the connection hole 61.

  As shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, a cylindrical second drive shaft 62 has an axis extending in a direction orthogonal to the axis of the first drive shaft 44 through a bearing 63 in the mounting cylinder 56 of the base 55. It is rotatably supported at the center. The bevel gear 47 is integrally formed at the inner end of the second drive shaft 62 and meshed with the bevel gear 46 on the first drive shaft 44. When the first drive shaft 44 is rotated by the servo motors 38 and 39, the second drive shaft 62 is rotated via the bevel gears 46 and 47. In this embodiment, the servo motors 38 and 39, the first drive shaft 44, and the second drive shaft 62 constitute a drive source for rotating a rotary tool spindle 67 described later that supports the rotary tool 30. The second drive shaft 62 is connected between the servo motors 38 and 39 and the rotary tool main shaft 67.

  As shown in FIGS. 4 to 6, a support cylinder 64 is formed on the upper surface of the base 55 in the inclined surface machining unit 29 </ b> A so as to protrude on the same axis as the mounting cylinder 56. A tool support head 65 of the inclined surface machining unit 29A is rotatably supported on the outer periphery of the support cylinder 64 via a bearing 66. A tool spindle 67 is supported in the tool support head 65 via a bearing 68 so as to be rotatable about an axis extending in a direction orthogonal to the axis of the second drive shaft 62. The rotary tool 30 is detachably attached by a chuck 69.

  As shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, a first transmission mechanism 70 is disposed between the second drive shaft 62 and the tool main shaft 67 in the tool support head 65. That is, a transmission shaft 71 is supported in the tool support head 65 via a bearing 72 so as to be rotatable about an axis extending in parallel with the axis of the tool spindle 67. Bevel gears 73 and 74 that mesh with each other are fixed to opposite ends of the second drive shaft 62 and the transmission shaft 71, respectively. Further, spur gears 75 and 76 that mesh with each other are fixed to opposite ends of the transmission shaft 71 and the tool main shaft 67, respectively. Then, the rotation of the second drive shaft 62 is transmitted to the tool main shaft 67 via the bevel gears 73 and 74, the transmission shaft 71, and the spur gears 75 and 76, and the rotary tool 30 is centered on the tool axis, that is, its own axis. It is rotated.

  At the base of the tool support head 65, a tool axis tilting mechanism 77 is provided as a tool angle changing means for tilting the axis of the rotary tool spindle 67. That is, on the same axis in the second drive shaft 62, the turning shaft 78 constituting the tool axis tilting mechanism 77 is inserted so as to be relatively rotatable about the axis of the second drive shaft 62 and relatively movable in the axial direction. The tool support head 65 is fixed to the outer end of the pivot shaft 78 by a fixing bracket 79. Further, the inner end of the pivot shaft 78 can be relatively moved in the axial direction via the sleeve 80 and the bearing 81 with respect to the support portion 56a formed to protrude from the tip of the mounting cylinder 56, and can be relatively rotated about the axis. It is supported. Then, as shown in FIG. 6, when the turning shaft 78 is rotated, the tool support head 65 is integrally rotated via the fixing bracket 79, and the rotating tool main shaft 67, i.e., the rotation, with respect to the axis of the workpiece W. The angle of the tool axis of the tool 30 is changed.

  As shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, a second transmission mechanism 82 for transmitting the rotation of the second drive shaft 62 to the swing shaft 78 is provided between the second drive shaft 62 and the swing shaft 78. ing. That is, a disc-shaped clutch 83 that constitutes the second transmission mechanism 82 is fixed to the inner end of the turning shaft 78, and is disposed so as to be able to contact and separate from the inner end surface 62a of the second drive shaft 62. When the turning shaft 78 is moved outward (upward in FIGS. 4 and 5) along the axial direction, and the clutch 83 is joined to the inner end surface 62 a of the second drive shaft 62, the second drive shaft 62. The rotation is transmitted to the pivot shaft 78. Note that the upper surface of the clutch 83 and the inner end surface 62a of the second drive shaft 62 are provided with means (not shown) such as concavities and convexities that mesh with each other in order to prevent slippage between them.

  In the vicinity of the turning shaft 78, a connecting mechanism 84 is provided as a connecting means for moving the turning shaft 78 in the axial direction of the turning shaft 78 to bring the clutch 83 into and out of contact with the inner end surface 62 a of the second drive shaft 62. ing. That is, a disc spring 85 as a holding means constituting the connection mechanism 84 is interposed between the sleeve 80 and the bearing 81 at the inner end of the pivot shaft 78, and the pivot shaft 78 is moved in the axial direction by the disc spring 85. It is urged to move inward along. As a result, as shown in FIG. 5, the base end surface 65a of the tool support head 65 is normally held in contact with the outer surface 55a of the base 55, the rotation of the tool support head 65 is restricted, and the clutch 83 is held in a disconnected state with a predetermined gap S from the inner end face 62a of the second drive shaft 62. In the state where the rotation of the tool support head 65 is restricted, the angle of the axis of the rotary tool spindle 67 is fixed. Therefore, the angle of the axis of the rotary tool spindle 67 is determined by the base end surface 65a of the tool support head 65, the outer surface 55a of the base 55, and the disc spring 85 that holds the base end surface 65a and the outer surface 55a in contact. A fixing means is provided for putting the in a fixed state.

  On the outer periphery of the base end of the support cylinder 64 on the base 55, a switching means constituting the connection mechanism 84, a clutch driving means, and a switching cylinder 86 as a cylinder mechanism are disposed. The switching cylinder 86 contacts an annular cylinder chamber 87 formed on the outer periphery of the base end of the support cylinder 64 so as to communicate with the coolant channel 51 and an inner race 66 a of a bearing 66 that supports the tool support head 65. The piston 88 is movably accommodated in the cylinder chamber 87 so as to correspond to it, and a valve (not shown).

  4 and 5, the inclined surface machining unit 29A on the turrets 24 and 28 is indexed and arranged at the machining position corresponding to the workpiece W, and the coolant supply path 49 and When the coolant is supplied to the cylinder chamber 87 of the switching cylinder 86 via the coolant flow paths 50, 51, 52, the piston 88 is pushed and moved upward in FIG. By this pressing movement, the tool support head 65 is lifted through the inner race 66a of the bearing 66, the base end surface 65a of the tool support head 65 is separated from the outer surface 55a of the base 55, and the tool support head 65 is allowed to rotate. Is done. At the same time, when the tool support head 65 is lifted, the pivot shaft 78 is moved outward in the axial direction against the biasing force of the disc spring 85, and the clutch 83 is joined to the inner end surface 62 a of the second drive shaft 62. Thus, the connection state between the second drive shaft 62 and the turning shaft 78 is switched. In this state, the rotation of the second drive shaft 62 is transmitted to the turning shaft 78 and the tool support head 65 is rotated, whereby the angle of the tool axis of the rotary tool spindle 67 with respect to the axis of the workpiece W is changed. . Further, as described above, the piston 88 is moved upward in FIG. 5 by the switching cylinder 86 constituting the connection mechanism 84, whereby the base end surface 65a of the tool support head 65 and the outer surface 55a of the base 55 are connected. Is released. Accordingly, in conjunction with this release, the angle fixed state of the axis of the rotary tool spindle 67 is released. For this reason, the switching cylinder 86 constitutes a fixing release means for releasing the fixed state of the angle of the axis of the rotary tool spindle 67.

  4 and 5 and the solid line in FIG. 6, the axis of the rotary tool spindle 67 and the rotary tool 30 are arranged on the extension of the axis of the workpiece W, and the rotary tool 30 is the end face of the workpiece W. The state facing the center is shown. In this state, the Carbic coupling 43 is engaged so that the first and second turrets 24 and 28 are held at predetermined index positions, and the piston 88 of the switching cylinder 86 in the connection mechanism 84 is disposed at the lower position. Has been. Therefore, the pivot shaft 78 is pulled down by the action of the disc spring 85 at the lower end of the pivot shaft 78 so that the clutch 83 of the second transmission mechanism 82 is disconnected, and the entire tool support head 65 is connected via the fixing bracket 79. Is reduced. For this reason, the connection mechanism 84 is in a coupled state, and the tool support head 65 is fixed on the base 55. In this state, the servo motor 38 or 39 is continuously rotated at a high speed. This rotation is transmitted to the second drive shaft 62 through the meshing of the first drive shaft 44 and the bevel gears 46, 47, and from the second drive shaft 62 to the transmission shaft 71 through the meshing of the bevel gears 73, 74. Then, the tool spindle 67 is further rotated through meshing of the spur gears 75 and 76. Therefore, the rotary tool spindle 67 and the rotary tool 30 are rotated, and the workpiece W is moved relatively toward the rotary tool 30, whereby the end surface center of the workpiece W can be processed.

  In this state, when the coolant supply switching valve (not shown) is switched and the piston 88 of the switching cylinder 86 in the connection mechanism 84 is moved upward by the coolant, the tool support head 65 is passed through the inner race of the bearing 66. Is pushed up, and the outer surface 55a of the base 55 and the base end surface 65a of the tool support head 65 are separated from each other. Then, by the upward movement of the tool support head 65, the turning shaft 78 is pulled up against the spring force of the disc spring 85 via the fixing bracket 79, and the upper surface of the clutch 83 of the second transmission mechanism 82 is moved to the second drive shaft. It is joined to the inner end face 62a of 62. For this reason, the 2nd transmission mechanism 82 will be in a coupling state. In this state, the servo motor 38 or 39 is rotated at a low speed within a predetermined range. By the rotation of the servo motor 38 or 39, the second drive shaft 62 is rotated through the first drive shaft 44 and the bevel gears 46 and 47, and the second drive shaft 62 and the clutch 83 are joined together. The turning shaft 78 is rotated together with the second drive shaft 62.

  At this time, since the joint between the outer surface 55a of the base 55 and the base end surface 65a of the tool support head 65 is released, when the turning shaft 78 is rotated, the entire tool support head 65 is also rotated through the fixing bracket 79. The Therefore, as indicated by a two-dot chain line in FIG. 6, the rotary tool spindle 67 and the rotary tool 30 are rotated in the tilt direction, and the rotation of the servo motor 38 or 39 is stopped when a predetermined tilt angle is reached. Thereafter, when the valve is switched to release the coolant pressure acting on the piston 88 of the connection mechanism 84, the pivot shaft 78 is lowered by the spring force of the disc spring 85. For this reason, the coupling between the clutch 83 and the second drive shaft 62 is released, the base 55 and the tool support head 65 are coupled, and the rotary tool spindle 67 and the rotary tool 30 are oriented in the required tilt direction. Fixed. Accordingly, if the first turret base 21 is moved in a required direction among X, Y, and Z so that the required processing position of the workpiece W faces the tip of the rotary tool 30, the rotary tool 30 moves the workpiece W to the workpiece W. On the other hand, it is possible to perform machining from a tilt direction to a required position.

Next, in the combined machining lathe shown in FIG. 1, a configuration in which the present invention is embodied in a tool table 36 disposed on the rear side of the upper surface of the bed 11 will be described in detail.
As shown in FIG. 7, a tool shaft 92 constituting a first transmission mechanism 91 is rotatably supported in the tool table 36 via a bearing 93, and the tip of the tool shaft 92 is rotated by a chuck (not shown). A tool 37 is detachably mounted. A built-in motor 94 as a drive source is disposed in the tool table 36. The built-in motor 94 is composed of a stator 94 a fixed to the inner surface of the tool base 36 and a rotor 94 b fixed to the outer periphery of the tool shaft 92. The rotation of the built-in motor 94 is transmitted to the rotary tool 37 via the tool shaft 92, and the rotary tool 37 is rotated around the tool axis.

  On the lower surface of the tool base 36, a turning shaft 96 constituting a tool axis tilting mechanism 95 as a tool angle changing means is protruded and fixed so as to extend in a direction perpendicular to the tool axis of the rotary tool 37. The pivot shaft 96 is rotatably supported by the table 32 via the cross roller bearing 97. By the pivot of the pivot shaft 96, the tool table 36 is pivoted about the axis of the pivot shaft 96. The inclination angle of the tool axis of the rotary tool 37 is changed.

  A clamp device 98 as a cylinder mechanism for restricting the rotation of the turning shaft 96 is provided on the outer periphery of the turning shaft 96. The clamp device 98 is provided in the cylinder 98a, and has a hydraulic piston 99 having an inclined surface 99a on the inner periphery of the tip, a plurality of steel balls 100 disposed so as to be in contact with the inclined surface 99a of the hydraulic piston 99, The brake ring 101 is arranged inside the steel ball 100 so as to be in contact with the outer peripheral surface of the pivot shaft 96. Normally, as shown in FIG. 7, the hydraulic piston 99 is moved to the upper position in the figure, and the inner diameter of the brake ring 101 is interposed via the steel ball 100 by the cam action of the inclined surface 99 a of the hydraulic piston 99. Is reduced in diameter, and the rotation of the turning shaft 96 is restricted. On the other hand, when the hydraulic piston 99 is moved to the lower position by hydraulic pressure, the inner diameter of the brake ring 101 is increased and the turning shaft 96 is allowed to turn.

  A second transmission mechanism 102 as second transmission means for transmitting the rotation of the built-in motor 94 to the turning shaft 96 is disposed between the tool shaft 92 and the turning shaft 96 in the tool table 36. In other words, the bevel gear 103 is rotatably supported on the tool shaft 92 via the bearing 104. A transmission shaft 105 is supported in the tool table 36 via a bearing 106 so as to be rotatable about an axis orthogonal to the axis of the tool shaft 92, and the umbrella on the tool shaft 92 is attached to the outer end of the transmission shaft 105. A bevel gear 107 meshing with the gear 103 is fixed, and a spur gear 108 is fixed to the inner end. A large-diameter spur gear 109 is fixed on the table 32 so as to be disposed on the same axis as the axis of the swivel shaft 96 on the outer periphery of the swivel shaft 96, and meshed with the spur gear 108 on the transmission shaft 105. ing.

  A connection mechanism 110 is provided between the bevel gear 103 of the second transmission mechanism 102 and the tool shaft 92 as connection means for selectively connecting and transmitting the rotation of the tool shaft 92 to the second transmission mechanism 102. ing. That is, the switching member 111 is supported on the tool shaft 92 via the key 112 so as to be able to rotate integrally and relatively move in the axial direction so as to be able to contact and separate from the bevel gear 103. A Curbic coupling 113 is provided between the bevel gear 103 and the switching member 111, and the rotation of the tool shaft 92 includes the bevel gear 103 via the switching member 111 by the connection of the Curbic coupling 113. It is transmitted to the transmission mechanism 102.

  A switching hydraulic piston 114 is supported in the tool base 36 so as to be movable in the axial direction of the tool shaft 92 so as to correspond to the switching member 111 on the outer periphery of the tool shaft 92, and the tip portion thereof is interposed via a bearing 115. It is connected to the switching member 111 so as to be relatively rotatable. As shown in FIG. 7, the switching hydraulic piston 114 is normally moved to the left position in FIG. 7 and the Kirbic coupling 113 is held in a disconnected state. On the other hand, when changing the inclination angle of the tool axis of the rotary tool 37, the switching hydraulic piston 114 is moved to the right position in FIG. It is done. In this state, the rotation of the tool shaft 92 by the built-in motor 94 is transmitted from the switching member 111 to the spur gear 108 via the bevel gears 103 and 107 and the transmission shaft 105 of the second transmission mechanism 102. As a result, the spur gear 108 is rotated and revolved around the spur gear 109 fixed on the table 32, the tool table 36 is swung around the axis of the swivel shaft 96, and the tool axis of the rotary tool 37 is rotated. The angle is changed.

  As shown in FIG. 7, a detection disc 116 is fitted on the tool shaft 92 adjacent to the side portion of the bevel gear 103 so as to be integrally rotatable, and a plurality of detection projections 116a are arranged on the outer periphery at predetermined intervals. Is formed. A sensor 117 is arranged in the tool table 36 so as to correspond to the outer periphery of the detection disk 116. The sensor 117 detects the detection protrusion 116a on the detection disk 116, whereby the rotation speed and rotation angle of the tool shaft 92 are controlled. That is, the built-in motor 94 has a function of controlling the rotation angle, like the servo motor. That is, the rotation angle of the built-in motor 94 is monitored by a detection signal output from the sensor 117 so that the angle can be controlled by a control device (not shown).

  FIG. 7 shows a state in which the Kirbic coupling 113 is switched to the non-connected state. In this state, the hydraulic piston 99 is disposed at the upper position, and the inclined surface 99 a is pressed against the steel ball 100. Therefore, the brake ring 101 is pressed against the outer peripheral surface of the turning shaft 96, the turning shaft 96 is fixed to the table 32, and the rotary tool 37 maintains a required turning angle. In this state, the tool shaft 92 is continuously rotated at a high speed by the built-in motor 94, and the workpiece W can be processed as required by the rotary tool 37.

  Next, when the switching hydraulic piston 114 is moved to the right in FIG. 7 in the rotation stop state of the built-in motor 94, the carbic coupling 113 is switched to the connected state. Further, the hydraulic piston 99 is moved to the lowered position to release the brake. In this state, the built-in motor 94 is rotated by a predetermined range at a low speed while the rotation is monitored by the output from the sensor 117. The rotation is transmitted to the bevel gear 103 via the switching member 111 and the Kirbic coupling 113, and is transmitted from the bevel gear 103 to the bevel gear 107 and the transmission shaft 105. The rotation is further transmitted to the spur gear 108, and the spur gear 108 circulates around the outer periphery of the spur gear 109 while meshing with the spur gear 109.

  For this reason, the entire tool table 36 is rotated around the axis of the turning shaft 96, and the angle of the rotary tool 37 is changed. Then, while stopping the rotation of the motor 94 and returning the hydraulic piston 99 of the clamping device 98 to the raised position, the pivot shaft 96 is fixed by the brake ring 101, and the tool base 36 is moved to the angle change position of the rotary tool 37. It can be fixed with.

The embodiment configured as described above has the effects listed below.
(1) The tilt angle of the tool axis line of the rotary tool spindle 67 and the rotary tools 30, 37 is set and changed using the driving force of the drive source for rotating the rotary tool spindle 67 and the rotary tools 30, 37. It is configured. For this reason, it is not necessary to separately provide a drive source for rotating the rotary tools 30 and 37 and a drive source for inclining the rotary tool spindle 67 and the tool axes of the rotary tools 30 and 37. The structure of the rotary tool unit can be simplified by sharing.

  (2) By controlling the amount of rotation of the servo motors 38 and 39 and the built-in motor 94, the angles of the rotary tool spindle 67 and the rotary tools 30 and 37 can be set arbitrarily, so there is no need to provide a plurality of rotary tool units. While changing the inclination angle of the axis of the rotary tool spindle 67 and the rotary tool 30 with one rotary tool unit, a plurality of holes with different inclination angles can be processed. Therefore, the configuration can be simplified in a machine tool such as a combined machining lathe, the entire size can be reduced, and the number of tools can be reduced, so that the cost required for tooling can be reduced.

  (3) In the inclined surface machining unit 29A, the turning shaft 78 constituting the tool axis inclination mechanism 77 is disposed concentrically within the cylindrical second drive shaft 62 constituting the drive source, and the axial direction of the turning shaft 78 , The transmission path of the driving force from the second drive shaft 62 to the turning shaft 78 is connected or disconnected via the clutch 83 coaxial with the turning shaft 78. For this reason, the whole unit can be reduced in size.

  (4) In the inclined surface machining unit 29A, the piston 88 of the switching cylinder 86 is actuated by the pressure of the coolant supplied onto the rotary tool 30, the pivot shaft 78 is moved in the axial direction, and the clutch 83 is disconnected. It is configured to be switched from a state to a connected state. Therefore, it is not necessary to provide a dedicated hydraulic supply source or hydraulic supply path for the switching cylinder 86, and the clutch 83 can be switched and operated using the pressure of the coolant supplied onto the rotary tool 30. The structure of the rotary tool unit can be further simplified.

(Example of change)
In addition, this embodiment can also be changed and embodied as follows.
In the inclined surface machining unit 29A shown in FIGS. 4 to 6 of the embodiment, the hydraulic pressure is supplied from the normal hydraulic pressure supply source without supplying the coolant to the switching cylinder 86.

  On the contrary, in the configuration of the tool base 36 shown in FIG. 7, the piston 99 is configured to be driven using the coolant.

The schematic plan view which shows the lathe of one Embodiment which actualized this invention. The schematic side view of the lathe of FIG. The principal part perspective view which expands and shows a part of turret in the lathe of FIG. The principal part sectional drawing which expands and shows a turret similarly. The fragmentary sectional view which expands and shows a part of FIG. 4 further. The principal part enlarged plan view of a turret. The principal part sectional drawing which expands and shows the tool head stock which can change the tool in the lathe of FIG.

Explanation of symbols

  24 ... 1st turret, 28 ... 2nd turret, 29 ... Tool unit, 29A ... Inclined surface processing unit, 30 ... Rotating tool, 37 ... Rotating tool, 38 ... Servo motor, 39 ... Servo motor as drive source, 55a ... 65: Tool support head, 65a: Base end surface as fixing means, 67: Rotary tool spindle, 77: Tool axis tilt mechanism as tool angle changing means, 78: Swivel axis, 83 ... Clutch, 84 ... Connection mechanism as connection means, 85 ... Holding means, Belleville spring as fixing means, 86 ... Switching means, switching cylinder as fixing release means, 88 ... Piston, 94 ... Built-in motor as drive source, 95 ... Tool angle Tool axis tilt mechanism as change means, 96... Rotating axis, 98... Clamp device, 110... Connection mechanism as connection means, 114. Stone, W ... work.

Claims (7)

A rotating tool spindle supported by a tool support head and rotated about its own axis via a driving shaft by a driving force from a driving source;
A tool angle changing means connected to the tool support head for changing the angle of the axis of the rotary tool spindle by rotating around a pivot axis;
A rotating tool unit comprising a connecting means for switching between a non-connected state where the driving force from the driving source is not transmitted to the tool angle changing means and a connected state where the driving force is transmitted. It further comprises a fixing means for fixing the angle of the axis of the rotary tool spindle, and the connecting means includes a fixing releasing means for releasing the fixing state by the fixing means in conjunction with the connecting state. The rotary tool unit according to claim 1. The drive shaft is formed in a cylindrical shape, and the pivot shaft is disposed in the drive shaft so as to be relatively rotatable with respect to the drive shaft and to be relatively movable in the axial direction. The rotary tool unit described in 1. The connecting means includes holding means for holding the connecting means in the non-connected state, and switching means for switching the connecting means to the connected state against the holding force of the holding means, A clutch provided between the drive shaft and the turning shaft, and a clutch drive means for switching the clutch between a connected state and a disconnected state; and the holding means for biasing the clutch to a disconnected state The rotary tool unit according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the rotary tool unit is formed of a spring. The said clutch drive means is comprised by the cylinder mechanism which act | operates with the pressure of the coolant supplied to a process part, moves the said rotating shaft to an axial direction, and connects a clutch. Rotating tool unit. A machine tool comprising the rotary tool unit according to any one of claims 1 to 5. An indexable turret provided with the rotary tool unit according to any one of claims 1 to 5,
The tool angle changing means is provided in the turret and is arranged so as to correspond to a rotary tool spindle determined at a machining position.

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