JP2008076355A - System for identifying location of break in double impervious sheet - Google Patents

System for identifying location of break in double impervious sheet Download PDF

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JP2008076355A
JP2008076355A JP2006259170A JP2006259170A JP2008076355A JP 2008076355 A JP2008076355 A JP 2008076355A JP 2006259170 A JP2006259170 A JP 2006259170A JP 2006259170 A JP2006259170 A JP 2006259170A JP 2008076355 A JP2008076355 A JP 2008076355A
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water
sheet
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impervious sheet
double water
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JP4878532B2 (en
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Katsuya Oda
勝也 小田
Masao Kuroiwa
正夫 黒岩
Kenji Onishi
健司 大西
Michihiko Ishida
道彦 石田
Koji Shimoda
宏治 下田
Teiichi Shimizu
禎一 清水
Yoichi Kimata
陽一 木俣
Yojiro Watanabe
陽二郎 渡邊
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Obayashi Corp
National Institute for Land and Infrastructure Management
Taiyo Kogyo Co Ltd
Tosoh Nikkemi Corp
Wakachiku Construction Co Ltd
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Obayashi Corp
National Institute for Land and Infrastructure Management
Taiyo Kogyo Co Ltd
Tosoh Nikkemi Corp
Wakachiku Construction Co Ltd
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Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a system for identifying the location of a break in a double impervious sheet to be laid down on a sea area waste disposal site. <P>SOLUTION: The system for identifying the location of a break in the double impervious sheet 1 to be laid down along the direction of dip of at least a revetment slope of a sea area waste disposal site is arranged such that: wires respectively connected to two or more internal electrodes 3 provided at regular intervals in a portion below the sea surface between an intermediate protecting layer 2 disposed substantially entirely inside of the double impervious sheet 1 and a liner sheet 1a facing the seawater and/or two or more internal electrodes 3 provided at regular intervals in a portion located below the sea surface between the intermediate protecting layer 2 and an impervious sheet 1a facing the revetment slope are drawn out of the double impervious sheet 1; a wire of a fixed external electrode 4 provided in the sea or on the revetment slope is connected to a power supply apparatus 5 including a power supply section 5a capable of applying a predetermined voltage and a measuring section 5b capable of measuring a flowing current; and the wire of each of the internal electrodes 3 is electrically connected to the power supply apparatus 5. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2008,JPO&INPIT

Description

本発明は、廃棄物海面処分場に敷設される二重遮水シートの破損特定システムに関するものである。   The present invention relates to a damage identifying system for a double water shielding sheet laid at a waste sea surface disposal site.

近年、陸上での廃棄物処分場の確保が困難となりつつあり、廃棄物海面処分場が注目されている。このような廃棄物海面処分場では、汚水が地面からしみ込んで環境破壊等が発生することがないように、十分な遮水工を施すことが求められているため、予め遮水性の高い二重遮水シートが護岸斜面に敷設され、また海底が遮水性の高い自然堆積粘土地盤でないような場合には海底にも二重遮水シートが敷設される。   In recent years, it has become difficult to secure land-based waste disposal sites, and waste sea-level disposal sites have attracted attention. In such a waste sea surface disposal site, it is required to provide sufficient water shielding work so that sewage does not penetrate the ground and cause environmental destruction, etc. A water-impervious sheet is laid on the revetment slope, and when the sea floor is not a naturally deposited clay ground with high water-imperviousness, a double water-impervious sheet is also laid on the sea floor.

また、陸上の廃棄物処分場においても、廃棄物で汚染された雨水等が地中にしみ込まないように廃棄物処分場となる凹所に二重遮水シートを敷設する遮水工事が行われている。このような陸上や海上で使用される二重遮水シートは堆積した廃棄物によって破損する可能性があるため、その維持管理が非常に重要となっている。特に廃棄物海面処分場では潮汐、波浪等の時々刻々変化する厳しい外的作用を受け劣化し易い上に、その維持管理が非常に困難である。   In addition, even on land waste disposal sites, water-impervious construction is carried out in which double water-impervious sheets are laid in the recesses that become waste disposal sites so that rainwater contaminated with waste does not penetrate into the ground. ing. Since such double water-impervious sheets used on land and at sea may be damaged by accumulated waste, their maintenance is very important. In particular, the waste sea surface disposal site is easily deteriorated due to severe external effects such as tides and waves that change every moment, and its maintenance is very difficult.

このような廃棄物処分場に敷設される二重遮水シートの漏水検知システムとしては、複数の区画に区分された二重遮水シートと、前記複数の区画それぞれの内部に設置されたシート内基準電極と、地盤に設置される複数の下部検知電極と、凹所に設置される少なくとも1つの上部検知電極とを備える漏水検知システムがある(例えば、特許文献1参照。)。
この漏水検知システムは、内部が複数の区画に区分された特殊な二重遮水シートを使用するものであり、二重遮水シートが破損した際にその破損した区画のみが浸水するので、その区画内のシート内基準電極と外部の上部検知電極とを水を介して通電させることによって、漏水箇所が検知できるシステムである。そのため、漏水箇所を的確に検知するためには内部を細かく区画した非常に特殊な二重遮水シートが必要となるだけでなく、各区画に設置されるシート内基準電極も非常に多く必要となり、管理が煩雑である欠点がある。
As a water leakage detection system for a double impermeable sheet laid in such a waste disposal site, a double impermeable sheet divided into a plurality of sections, and a seat installed inside each of the plurality of sections There is a water leakage detection system including a reference electrode, a plurality of lower detection electrodes installed in the ground, and at least one upper detection electrode installed in a recess (see, for example, Patent Document 1).
This water leakage detection system uses a special double water-impervious sheet that is divided into multiple compartments. When the double water-impervious sheet breaks, only the damaged compartment is submerged. This is a system that can detect a water leak point by energizing the reference electrode in the compartment and the external upper detection electrode through water. For this reason, in order to accurately detect the location of water leakage, not only a very special double water-proof sheet that has been finely divided inside, but also a large number of in-sheet reference electrodes are required. There is a drawback that management is complicated.

また、遮水シート内部を区画する必要がない破損検出方法としては、遮水シート状材料の上部に設けられた電極と、遮水シート状材料内の導電性膜との間に通電して、通電の変化を測定することを特徴とする廃棄物堆積場における遮水シート状材料破損の検出方法がある(例えば、特許文献2(請求項5)参照。)。しかしながら、この検出方法では、遮水シート状材料内部に遮水シート状材料と略同形の金属箔等の導電性膜を配置しなければならず(図2〜5)、導電性膜は遮水シート状材料と略同形をなす1つの大きな電極となるため、遮水シート状材料が破損して導電性膜と外部電極とが通電可能となった際に、破損位置を大まかにも特定することもできない欠点がある。   In addition, as a damage detection method that does not need to partition the inside of the water shielding sheet, energize between the electrode provided on the top of the water shielding sheet material and the conductive film in the water shielding sheet material, There is a method for detecting breakage of a water-impervious sheet-like material in a waste accumulation site characterized by measuring a change in energization (for example, see Patent Document 2 (Claim 5)). However, in this detection method, a conductive film such as a metal foil having substantially the same shape as the water-impervious sheet-like material must be disposed inside the water-impervious sheet-like material (FIGS. 2 to 5). Since it becomes one large electrode that is almost the same shape as the sheet-like material, when the water-shielding sheet-like material breaks and the conductive film and the external electrode can be energized, roughly specify the location of the breakage There is a disadvantage that can not be.

特開2002−55017号公報JP 2002-55017 A 特開2002−301443号公報JP 2002-301443 A

またこれらのシステムや方法は、陸上の廃棄物処分場で行われるものであり、潮汐、波浪等の時々刻々変化する厳しい外的作用を受ける廃棄物海面処分場では、これらのシステムや方法を安易に導入することは難しい。従って、廃棄物海面処分場では、多くの測定作業によって膨大なデータを取得して損傷孔の位置等を特定するより、少数のデータを解析して損傷孔の位置等を特定するシステムの方がより適しているのである。   In addition, these systems and methods are used at landfill sites on land. These systems and methods are easy to use at waste surface disposal sites that are subject to severe external effects such as tides and waves. It is difficult to introduce to. Therefore, in a waste sea surface disposal site, a system that analyzes a small amount of data and identifies the position of damaged holes, etc., rather than acquiring a large amount of data by many measurement operations and identifying the positions of damaged holes, etc. It is more suitable.

また廃棄物海面処分場では、補修作業も非常に困難であるため、損傷の程度によって様々な対応策が取れるように、損傷孔の大きさを特定することができるシステムも望まれている。   In addition, since it is extremely difficult to perform repair work at a waste sea surface disposal site, a system capable of specifying the size of a damaged hole is desired so that various countermeasures can be taken depending on the degree of damage.

本発明は前記の問題に鑑み、廃棄物海面処分場に敷設される二重遮水シートの破損特定システムを提供することを課題とする。   This invention makes it a subject to provide the damage identification system of the double water-proof sheet | seat laid in a waste sea level disposal site in view of the said problem.

本発明者らは前記課題を解決すべく鋭意検討を重ねた結果、二重遮水シートの略内部全体に配備されている中間保護層と海水側の遮水シートとの間であって海面下に位置する部分における二重遮水シートの該長手方向に所定間隔毎に設置されている2以上の各内部電極及び/又は中間保護層と護岸斜面側の遮水シートとの間であって海面下に位置する部分における二重遮水シートの該長手方向に所定間隔毎に設置されている2以上の各内部電極に接続されている各配線を、海中で引き出されている場合には絶縁性と二重遮水シートの遮水性とを、陸上で引き出されている場合には絶縁性をそれぞれ確保した状態で二重遮水シート外部へと引き出し、所定電圧が印加可能な電源部と通電電流値が測定可能な測定部とを備えた電源供給装置に二重遮水シートが敷設される海中又は護岸斜面上に設置される固定外部電極の配線を接続し、且つこの電源供給装置に前記各内部電極の配線を内部電極毎に通電可能にそれぞれ接続した二重遮水シートの破損特定システムとすれば、固定外部電極と任意の1つの内部電極との間で通電ができるか否かによって容易に二重遮水シートの損傷の有無が確認でき、また損傷孔があることを確認した後に各内部電極毎に固定外部電極との間で通電することによって、通電電流値の値が大きい内部電極ほど損傷孔の近くにあると考えられるので、各通電電流値を比較することによって損傷孔が二重遮水シートのどこにできているかを簡便に推定することができ、
またこの二重遮水シートの破損特定システムにおいて固定外部電極を海中又は護岸斜面上の一方に設置する代わりに、固定外部電極を海中及び護岸斜面上の両側に設置すれば、同じ内部電極に対して海中側の固定外部電極と護岸斜面上の固定外部電極とをそれぞれ通電し通電電流値を比較することで、損傷孔が海水側か護岸斜面側かを特定することが容易にでき、
損傷孔の位置を厳密に特定したい場合には、二重遮水シートの略内部全体に配備されている中間保護層と海水側の遮水シートとの間であって海面下に位置する部分における二重遮水シートの該長手方向に所定間隔毎に設置されている2以上の各内部電極及び/又は中間保護層と護岸斜面側の遮水シートとの間であって海面下に位置する部分における二重遮水シートの該長手方向に所定間隔毎に設置されている2以上の各内部電極に接続されている各配線を、海中で引き出されている場合には絶縁性と二重遮水シートの遮水性とを、陸上で引き出されている場合には絶縁性をそれぞれ確保した状態で二重遮水シート外部へと引き出し、所定電圧が印加可能な電源部と通電電流値が測定可能な測定部とを備えた電源供給装置に二重遮水シートが敷設される海中又は護岸斜面上に設置される固定外部電極の配線を通電可能又は遮断可能に接続し、且つ電源供給装置に前記各内部電極の配線を内部電極毎に通電可能若しくは全てを遮断可能又は内部電極間で通電可能にそれぞれ接続した二重遮水シートの破損特定システムとすれば、二重遮水シート内部に3以上の内部電極が配置されていて固定外部電極や各内部電極の通電や遮断が自在に行えるので、固定外部電極と各内部電極と間の通電に加えて、内部電極間の通電も可能となり、その結果、二重遮水シート内の各内部電極の抵抗値や損傷孔と各内部電極との間の内部抵抗値が算出でき、これらの内部抵抗値は損傷孔から二重遮水シート内部の各内部電極までの距離と比例することから、各内部抵抗値から損傷孔と各内部電極との間の距離を算出することで損傷孔の位置を厳密に算定することができ、
またこの二重遮水シートの破損特定システムにおいて固定外部電極を海中又は護岸斜面上の一方に設置する代わりに、固定外部電極を海中及び護岸斜面上の両側に設置すれば、同じ内部電極に対して海中側の固定外部電極と護岸斜面上の固定外部電極とをそれぞれ通電し通電電流値を比較することで、損傷孔が海水側か護岸斜面側かを特定することが容易にでき、
また、前記した4つの二重遮水シートの破損特定システムの後者の2つの二重遮水シートの破損特定システムにおいて、二重遮水シートの内部と外部とは損傷孔を通して通電されるのであるが、その際に損傷孔が小さいほど大きな電気抵抗となるので、この損傷孔の抵抗値を算出すれば損傷孔の大きさが算定できるから、算定された損傷孔の位置の略鉛直線上において所定の海中深さまで電極部を可動できる3以上の可動式外部電極を更に設け、電源供給装置に可動式外部電極の配線が可動式外部電極毎に通電可能若しくは全てを遮断可能又は可動式外部電極間で通電可能にそれぞれ接続すれば、固定外部電極等と内部電極との間の通電及び内部電極間の通電に加えて、固定外部電極や可動式外部電極による外部電極間の通電を行うことができ、新たに海中の抵抗値等が得られ、直接算出することが難しい損傷孔の抵抗値を除いて全ての各抵抗値をそれぞれ算出することが可能となるので、二重遮水シートの内部と外部とで通電して別途算出された全抵抗値の合計から損傷孔の抵抗値以外の各抵抗値を差し引くことによって損傷孔の抵抗値を算出して、この損傷孔の抵抗値に応じて損傷孔の大きさも算定することができることを究明して本発明を完成したのである。
As a result of intensive studies to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present inventors have found that between the intermediate protective layer and the seawater-side water-impervious sheet disposed almost entirely inside the double water-impervious sheet and below the sea surface. Between the two or more internal electrodes and / or intermediate protective layers installed at predetermined intervals in the longitudinal direction of the double water-impervious sheet in the portion located at the sea level and the water-impervious sheet on the revetment slope side. In the case where each wiring connected to two or more internal electrodes installed at predetermined intervals in the longitudinal direction of the double water-impervious sheet in the lower portion is drawn out in the sea And the water-imperviousness of the double water-impervious sheet, when they are drawn out on land, they are pulled out to the outside of the double water-impervious sheet while ensuring the insulation properties, and the power supply unit and energizing current to which a predetermined voltage can be applied Dual power supply device with measuring unit capable of measuring values Connected to the wiring of the fixed external electrode installed in the sea or on the revetment slope where the water sheet is laid, and connected to the power supply device the wiring of each internal electrode so that each internal electrode can be energized. If the water sheet breakage identification system is used, the presence or absence of damage to the double water-impervious sheet can be easily confirmed by checking whether or not energization is possible between the fixed external electrode and any one internal electrode. After confirming that there is an electrical current between each fixed electrode and each internal electrode, it is considered that the internal electrode with a larger current value is closer to the damage hole, so compare each current value. By doing this, you can easily estimate where the damaged holes are in the double water-impervious sheet,
In addition, instead of installing a fixed external electrode in the sea or on one side of the revetment slope in this double water-impervious sheet breakage identification system, if a fixed external electrode is installed on both sides of the sea or on the revetment slope, By energizing the fixed external electrode on the sea side and the fixed external electrode on the revetment slope and comparing the current values, it is easy to identify whether the damage hole is the seawater side or the revetment slope side.
If you want to pinpoint the location of the damage hole, in the part located between the intermediate protective layer and the seawater-side water-proof sheet located almost entirely inside the double-water-proof sheet, The portion of the double impermeable sheet located between the two or more internal electrodes and / or intermediate protective layer and the impermeable sheet on the revetment slope side that are installed at predetermined intervals in the longitudinal direction and located below the sea surface In the case where each wiring connected to each of the two or more internal electrodes installed at predetermined intervals in the longitudinal direction of the double water-impervious sheet in FIG. When the sheet is pulled out on land, the sheet is pulled out to the outside of the double sheet to ensure insulation, and the power supply unit to which a predetermined voltage can be applied and the current value can be measured. Double water-impervious sheet is laid on the power supply device equipped with the measurement unit The wiring of the fixed external electrode installed in the sea or on the revetment slope is connected so that it can be energized or can be interrupted, and the wiring of each internal electrode can be energized for each internal electrode to the power supply device or all can be interrupted, or If the double water-impervious sheet breakage identification system is connected to each other so that current can be passed between the internal electrodes, three or more internal electrodes are arranged inside the double water-impervious sheet. Since it can be cut off freely, in addition to energization between the fixed external electrode and each internal electrode, it is also possible to energize between the internal electrodes. As a result, the resistance value and damage hole of each internal electrode in the double waterproof sheet The internal resistance value between each internal electrode and each internal electrode can be calculated, and these internal resistance values are proportional to the distance from the damaged hole to each internal electrode inside the double water shielding sheet. And the distance between each internal electrode Can be strictly calculated position of the damaged hole by calculating,
In addition, instead of installing a fixed external electrode in the sea or on one side of the revetment slope in this double water-impervious sheet breakage identification system, if a fixed external electrode is installed on both sides of the sea or on the revetment slope, By energizing the fixed external electrode on the sea side and the fixed external electrode on the revetment slope and comparing the current values, it is easy to identify whether the damage hole is the seawater side or the revetment slope side.
Moreover, in the latter two double water-proof sheet failure identification systems of the above-mentioned four double water-proof sheet failure identification systems, the inside and the outside of the double water-proof sheet are energized through the damage holes. However, the smaller the damaged hole, the larger the electric resistance. Therefore, if the resistance value of the damaged hole is calculated, the size of the damaged hole can be calculated. Three or more movable external electrodes that can move the electrode part to the depth of the sea are further provided, and the wiring of the movable external electrodes can be energized for each movable external electrode in the power supply device, or all of the movable external electrodes can be cut off, or between the movable external electrodes In addition to energization between the fixed external electrode and the internal electrode and between the internal electrodes, the external electrode can be energized between the fixed external electrode and the movable external electrode. Because it is possible to calculate all the resistance values except for the resistance values of damaged holes, which are newly obtained underwater resistance values, etc., which are difficult to calculate directly, The resistance value of the damaged hole is calculated by subtracting each resistance value other than the resistance value of the damaged hole from the total of all the resistance values calculated separately by energizing with the outside, and the damage value is determined according to the resistance value of the damaged hole. The present invention was completed by investigating that the size of the hole can also be calculated.

即ち本発明は、長手方向と平行な線に対して略対称な形状の対向する一対の遮水シートの周囲の少なくとも海水と接する部分の端縁が密着されて袋状を成し廃棄物海面処分場の少なくとも護岸斜面の傾斜方向に沿って敷設される二重遮水シートの破損特定システムであって、二重遮水シートの略内部全体に配備されている中間保護層と海水側の遮水シートとの間であって海面下に位置する部分における二重遮水シートの該長手方向に所定間隔毎に設置されている2以上の各内部電極及び/又は中間保護層と護岸斜面側の遮水シートとの間であって海面下に位置する部分における二重遮水シートの該長手方向に所定間隔毎に設置されている2以上の各内部電極に接続されている各配線が、海中で引き出されている場合には絶縁性と二重遮水シートの遮水性とが、陸上で引き出されている場合には絶縁性がそれぞれ確保されて二重遮水シート外部へと引き出されており、所定電圧が印加可能な電源部と通電電流値が測定可能な測定部とを備えた電源供給装置に二重遮水シートが敷設される海中又は護岸斜面上に設置される固定外部電極の配線が接続されており、且つ電源供給装置に前記各内部電極の配線が内部電極毎に通電可能にそれぞれ接続されていることを特徴とする損傷孔の位置を推定可能な二重遮水シートの破損特定システムと、
長手方向と平行な線に対して略対称な形状の対向する一対の遮水シートの周囲の少なくとも海水と接する部分の端縁が密着されて袋状を成し廃棄物海面処分場の少なくとも護岸斜面の傾斜方向に沿って敷設される二重遮水シートの破損特定システムであって、二重遮水シートの略内部全体に配備されている中間保護層と海水側の遮水シートとの間であって海面下に位置する部分における二重遮水シートの該長手方向に所定間隔毎に設置されている2以上の各内部電極及び/又は中間保護層と護岸斜面側の遮水シートとの間であって海面下に位置する部分における二重遮水シートの該長手方向に所定間隔毎に設置されている2以上の各内部電極に接続されている各配線が、海中で引き出されている場合には絶縁性と二重遮水シートの遮水性とが、陸上で引き出されている場合には絶縁性がそれぞれ確保されて二重遮水シート外部へと引き出されており、所定電圧が印加可能な電源部と通電電流値が測定可能な測定部とを備えた電源供給装置に二重遮水シートが敷設される海中及び護岸斜面上に設置される固定外部電極の配線が固定外部電極毎に通電可能に接続されており、且つ電源供給装置に前記各内部電極の配線が内部電極毎に通電可能にそれぞれ接続されていることを特徴とする損傷孔が海水側か護岸斜面側かを特定可能及び損傷孔の位置を推定可能な二重遮水シートの破損特定システムと、
長手方向と平行な線に対して略対称な形状の対向する一対の遮水シートの周囲の少なくとも海水と接する部分の端縁が密着されて袋状を成し廃棄物海面処分場の少なくとも護岸斜面の傾斜方向に沿って敷設される二重遮水シートの破損特定システムであって、二重遮水シートの略内部全体に配備されている中間保護層と海水側の遮水シートとの間であって海面下に位置する部分における二重遮水シートの該長手方向に所定間隔毎に設置されている2以上の各内部電極及び/又は中間保護層と護岸斜面側の遮水シートとの間であって海面下に位置する部分における二重遮水シートの該長手方向に所定間隔毎に設置されている2以上の各内部電極に接続されている各配線が、海中で引き出されている場合には絶縁性と二重遮水シートの遮水性とが、陸上で引き出されている場合には絶縁性がそれぞれ確保されて二重遮水シート外部へと引き出されており、所定電圧が印加可能な電源部と通電電流値が測定可能な測定部とを備えた電源供給装置に二重遮水シートが敷設される海中又は護岸斜面上に設置される固定外部電極の配線が通電可能又は遮断可能に接続されており、且つ電源供給装置に前記各内部電極の配線が内部電極毎に通電可能若しくは全てを遮断可能又は内部電極間で通電可能にそれぞれ接続されていることを特徴とする損傷孔の位置を算定可能な二重遮水シートの破損特定システムと、
長手方向と平行な線に対して略対称な形状の対向する一対の遮水シートの周囲の少なくとも海水と接する部分の端縁が密着されて袋状を成し廃棄物海面処分場の少なくとも護岸斜面の傾斜方向に沿って敷設される二重遮水シートの破損特定システムであって、二重遮水シートの略内部全体に配備されている中間保護層と海水側の遮水シートとの間であって海面下に位置する部分における二重遮水シートの該長手方向に所定間隔毎に設置されている2以上の各内部電極及び/又は中間保護層と護岸斜面側の遮水シートとの間であって海面下に位置する部分における二重遮水シートの該長手方向に所定間隔毎に設置されている2以上の各内部電極に接続されている各配線が、海中で引き出されている場合には絶縁性と二重遮水シートの遮水性とが、陸上で引き出されている場合には絶縁性がそれぞれ確保されて二重遮水シート外部へと引き出されており、所定電圧が印加可能な電源部と通電電流値が測定可能な測定部とを備えた電源供給装置に二重遮水シートが敷設される海中及び護岸斜面上に設置される固定外部電極の配線が固定外部電極毎に通電可能又は全てが遮断可能に接続されており、且つ電源供給装置に前記各内部電極の配線が内部電極毎に通電可能若しくは全てを遮断可能又は内部電極間で通電可能にそれぞれ接続されていることを特徴とする損傷孔が海水側か護岸斜面側かを特定可能及び損傷孔の位置を算定可能な二重遮水シートの破損特定システムと、
上記4つの二重遮水シートの破損特定システムのうち後者の2つの二重遮水シートの破損特定システムにおいて、算定された損傷孔の位置の略鉛直線上において所定の海中深さまで電極部を可動できる3以上の可動式外部電極を更に備えていて、電源供給装置に可動式外部電極の配線が可動式外部電極毎に通電可能若しくは全てを遮断可能又は可動式外部電極間で通電可能にそれぞれ接続されていて損傷孔の大きさも算定可能な二重遮水シートの破損特定システムとである。
That is, the present invention is a waste sea surface disposal in which the edge of at least a portion in contact with seawater around a pair of opposing water shielding sheets having a substantially symmetrical shape with respect to a line parallel to the longitudinal direction is closely attached to form a bag shape. A system for identifying damage to a double water-impervious sheet laid along at least the slope direction of the revetment slope of the field, wherein an intermediate protective layer and seawater-side water shield are provided substantially throughout the double water-impervious sheet. Two or more internal electrodes and / or intermediate protective layers installed at predetermined intervals in the longitudinal direction of the double water-impervious sheet in a portion between the sheet and below the sea surface are shielded on the revetment slope side. Each wiring connected to each of the two or more internal electrodes installed at predetermined intervals in the longitudinal direction of the double water-impervious sheet in a portion located between the water sheet and below the sea surface Insulation and double water-impervious seal when pulled out When the water-imperviousness is drawn on land, the insulation is ensured and pulled out of the double water-impervious sheet, and the power supply unit to which a predetermined voltage can be applied and the current value can be measured A fixed external electrode wiring installed in the sea or on the revetment slope where the double water-impervious sheet is laid is connected to a power supply device equipped with a measuring unit, and each of the internal electrodes is connected to the power supply device. A double water-impervious sheet breakage identification system capable of estimating the position of a damaged hole, wherein the wiring is connected to each internal electrode so as to be energized, and
At least the revetment slope of the waste sea surface disposal site where the edges of at least the part in contact with seawater around the pair of opposing water shielding sheets having a substantially symmetrical shape with respect to the line parallel to the longitudinal direction are in close contact with each other to form a bag shape This is a system for identifying damage to a double water-impervious sheet laid along the slant direction of the seawater between the intermediate protective layer and the seawater-side water-impervious sheet disposed almost entirely inside the double water-impervious sheet. Between the two or more internal electrodes and / or intermediate protective layers installed at predetermined intervals in the longitudinal direction of the double impermeable sheet in the portion located below the sea surface and the impermeable sheet on the revetment slope side When each wiring connected to each of the two or more internal electrodes installed at predetermined intervals in the longitudinal direction of the double water-impervious sheet in the portion located under the sea surface is drawn out in the sea Insulation and double impervious sheet In the case of being pulled out on land, the insulation is ensured and pulled out of the double water-impervious sheet, and includes a power supply unit that can apply a predetermined voltage and a measurement unit that can measure the current value. In the power supply device, the double impermeable sheet is laid in the sea and on the revetment slope. It is possible to identify whether the damaged hole is the seawater side or the revetment slope side, and the double impermeable sheet breakage that can estimate the position of the damaged hole. With a specific system,
At least the revetment slope of the waste sea surface disposal site where the edges of at least the part in contact with seawater around the pair of opposing water shielding sheets having a substantially symmetrical shape with respect to the line parallel to the longitudinal direction are in close contact with each other to form a bag shape This is a system for identifying damage to a double water-impervious sheet laid along the slant direction of the seawater between the intermediate protective layer and the seawater-side water-impervious sheet disposed almost entirely inside the double water-impervious sheet. Between the two or more internal electrodes and / or intermediate protective layers installed at predetermined intervals in the longitudinal direction of the double impermeable sheet in the portion located below the sea surface and the impermeable sheet on the revetment slope side When each wiring connected to each of the two or more internal electrodes installed at predetermined intervals in the longitudinal direction of the double water-impervious sheet in the portion located under the sea surface is drawn out in the sea Insulation and double impervious sheet In the case of being pulled out on land, the insulation is ensured and pulled out of the double water-impervious sheet, and includes a power supply unit that can apply a predetermined voltage and a measurement unit that can measure the current value. In addition, the wiring of the fixed external electrode installed in the sea or on the revetment slope where the double water-impervious sheet is laid on the power supply device is connected to be able to be energized or cut off, and the power supply device is connected to each internal electrode. A double water-insulating sheet breakage identification system capable of calculating the position of a damaged hole, characterized in that the wiring is connected to be able to energize for each internal electrode, or to be able to block all, or to be energized between internal electrodes, and
At least the revetment slope of the waste sea surface disposal site where the edges of at least the part in contact with seawater around the pair of opposing water shielding sheets having a substantially symmetrical shape with respect to the line parallel to the longitudinal direction are in close contact with each other to form a bag shape This is a system for identifying damage to a double water-impervious sheet laid along the slant direction of the seawater between the intermediate protective layer and the seawater-side water-impervious sheet disposed almost entirely inside the double water-impervious sheet. Between the two or more internal electrodes and / or intermediate protective layers installed at predetermined intervals in the longitudinal direction of the double impermeable sheet in the portion located below the sea surface and the impermeable sheet on the revetment slope side When each wiring connected to each of the two or more internal electrodes installed at predetermined intervals in the longitudinal direction of the double water-impervious sheet in the portion located under the sea surface is drawn out in the sea Insulation and double impervious sheet In the case of being pulled out on land, the insulation is ensured and pulled out of the double water-impervious sheet, and includes a power supply unit that can apply a predetermined voltage and a measurement unit that can measure the current value. The fixed external electrode wiring installed in the sea and on the revetment slope where the double water-impervious sheet is laid on the power supply device connected to each fixed external electrode can be energized or all can be disconnected, and the power supply Identify whether the damage hole is on the seawater side or the revetment slope side, where the wiring of each internal electrode is connected to the device so that it can be energized for each internal electrode, or all of the wiring can be interrupted, or between the internal electrodes A double water-proof sheet breakage identification system capable of calculating possible and damaged hole locations;
In the latter two double-water-proof sheet failure identification systems, the electrode part can be moved to a predetermined depth in the sea on the approximate vertical line of the calculated damage hole position. 3 or more movable external electrodes can be further provided, and the power supply device can be connected so that the movable external electrode wiring can be energized for each movable external electrode or all of the movable external electrodes can be energized or energized between the movable external electrodes. This is a system for identifying damage to a double waterproof sheet that can calculate the size of a damaged hole.

更に各内部電極が二重遮水シート内の中間保護層の幅方向中央部に設置されていれば、損傷孔が二重遮水シートの幅方向のどちら側に生じても、測定の精度に大きな偏りが生じ難いので好ましく、また、中間保護層との間に各内部電極が配置されるように通水性シートが二重遮水シート内に更に設けられていれば、内部電極の汚れや損傷を減少させることができて好ましいのである。   Furthermore, if each internal electrode is installed at the center in the width direction of the intermediate protective layer in the double water-impervious sheet, no matter which side of the double water-impervious sheet is in the width direction, the measurement accuracy will be improved. It is preferable because a large bias is unlikely to occur, and if a water-permeable sheet is further provided in the double water-impervious sheet so that each internal electrode is disposed between the intermediate protective layer, the internal electrode is soiled or damaged. Can be reduced, which is preferable.

本発明に係る二重遮水シートの破損特定システムは、長手方向と平行な線に対して略対称な形状の対向する一対の遮水シートの周囲の少なくとも海水と接する部分の端縁が密着されて袋状を成し廃棄物海面処分場の少なくとも護岸斜面の傾斜方向に沿って敷設される二重遮水シートの破損特定システムであって、二重遮水シートの略内部全体に配備されている中間保護層と海水側の遮水シートとの間であって海面下に位置する部分における二重遮水シートの該長手方向に所定間隔毎に設置されている2以上の各内部電極及び/又は中間保護層と護岸斜面側の遮水シートとの間であって海面下に位置する部分における二重遮水シートの該長手方向に所定間隔毎に設置されている2以上の各内部電極に接続されている各配線が、海中で引き出されている場合には絶縁性と二重遮水シートの遮水性とが、陸上で引き出されている場合には絶縁性がそれぞれ確保されて二重遮水シート外部へと引き出されており、所定電圧が印加可能な電源部と通電電流値が測定可能な測定部とを備えた電源供給装置に二重遮水シートが敷設される海中又は護岸斜面上に設置される固定外部電極の配線が接続されており、且つ電源供給装置に前記各内部電極の配線が内部電極毎に通電可能にそれぞれ接続されているから、固定外部電極と任意の1つの内部電極との間で通電ができるか否かによって容易に二重遮水シートの損傷の有無が確認でき、また損傷孔があることを確認した後に各内部電極毎に固定外部電極との間で通電することによって、通電電流値の値が大きい内部電極ほど損傷孔の近くにあると考えられるので、各通電電流値を比較することによって損傷孔が二重遮水シートのどこにできているかを簡便に推定することができる。   In the double water-impervious sheet breakage identification system according to the present invention, at least the edge of a portion in contact with seawater around a pair of opposed water-impervious sheets having a substantially symmetrical shape with respect to a line parallel to the longitudinal direction is closely attached. This is a double water-impervious sheet breakage identification system that has a bag shape and is laid along the slope direction of at least the revetment slope of the waste sea surface disposal site. Two or more internal electrodes installed at predetermined intervals in the longitudinal direction of the double water-impervious sheet in a portion located between the intermediate protective layer and the sea-water-side water-impermeable sheet located below the sea surface, and / or Or two or more internal electrodes installed at predetermined intervals in the longitudinal direction of the double water-impervious sheet in a portion located between the intermediate protective layer and the water-impervious sheet on the revetment slope side and located below the sea surface Each connected wire is pulled out in the sea Insulating properties and the water-imperviousness of the double water-impervious sheet are drawn out on land. A fixed external electrode wiring installed in the sea or on the revetment slope where the double water-impervious sheet is laid is connected to a power supply device equipped with a power supply unit that can be applied and a measurement unit that can measure a current value. In addition, since the wiring of each internal electrode is connected to the power supply device so as to be energized for each internal electrode, it is easy depending on whether or not energization is possible between the fixed external electrode and any one internal electrode. The internal electrode with a large energization current value can be confirmed by checking the presence or absence of damage to the double water-impervious sheet and energizing the fixed external electrode for each internal electrode after confirming that there is a damage hole. Considered to be near the damage hole Because it is, can be damaged holes by comparing each electric current value is simply estimates whether the can where the double water shield sheet.

また損傷孔の位置を厳密に特定したい場合には、長手方向と平行な線に対して略対称な形状の対向する一対の遮水シートの周囲の少なくとも海水と接する部分の端縁が密着されて袋状を成し廃棄物海面処分場の少なくとも護岸斜面の傾斜方向に沿って敷設される二重遮水シートの破損特定システムであって、二重遮水シートの略内部全体に配備されている中間保護層と海水側の遮水シートとの間であって海面下に位置する部分における二重遮水シートの該長手方向に所定間隔毎に設置されている2以上の各内部電極及び/又は中間保護層と護岸斜面側の遮水シートとの間であって海面下に位置する部分における二重遮水シートの該長手方向に所定間隔毎に設置されている2以上の各内部電極に接続されている各配線が、海中で引き出されている場合には絶縁性と二重遮水シートの遮水性とが、陸上で引き出されている場合には絶縁性がそれぞれ確保されて二重遮水シート外部へと引き出されており、所定電圧が印加可能な電源部と通電電流値が測定可能な測定部とを備えた電源供給装置に二重遮水シートが敷設される海中又は護岸斜面上に設置される固定外部電極の配線が通電可能又は遮断可能に接続されており、且つ電源供給装置に前記各内部電極の配線が内部電極毎に通電可能若しくは全てを遮断可能又は内部電極間で通電可能にそれぞれ接続されているから、二重遮水シート内部の3以上の内部電極間の通電も可能となり、従って、これらの多数の通電により得られる結果に基づいて未知数であった二重遮水シート内の各内部電極の抵抗値や損傷孔と各内部電極との間の内部抵抗値が算出でき、この内部抵抗値は損傷孔から二重遮水シート内部の各内部電極までの距離と比例することから、各内部抵抗値から損傷孔と各内部電極との間の距離を算出することで損傷孔の位置を厳密に算定できるのである。   When it is desired to specify the position of the damaged hole strictly, at least the edge of the portion in contact with seawater around the pair of opposing water shielding sheets having a substantially symmetrical shape with respect to the line parallel to the longitudinal direction is closely attached. It is a double water-impervious sheet breakage identification system that forms a bag and is laid along the slope direction of at least the revetment slope of the sea surface disposal site, and is deployed almost throughout the double water-impervious sheet. Two or more internal electrodes installed at predetermined intervals in the longitudinal direction of the double water-impervious sheet in a portion located between the intermediate protective layer and the water-impervious sheet on the seawater side and below the sea surface, and / or Connected to two or more internal electrodes installed at predetermined intervals in the longitudinal direction of the double water-impervious sheet between the intermediate protective layer and the water-impervious sheet on the side of the revetment slope. Each wiring that has been pulled out in the sea In this case, the insulation and the water-imperviousness of the double water-impervious sheet are pulled out on land. A power supply device with a power supply unit capable of measuring and a current-carrying current value can be measured. The double water-impervious sheet is connected to the power supply device so that the wiring of each internal electrode can be energized for each internal electrode or all of the wiring can be interrupted or energized between the internal electrodes. It is also possible to energize between three or more internal electrodes inside. Therefore, the resistance value of each internal electrode in the double waterproof sheet and the damage hole and each of which are unknown based on the results obtained by these many energizations. Inside between internal electrodes The resistance value can be calculated, and this internal resistance value is proportional to the distance from the damaged hole to each internal electrode inside the double waterproof sheet, so the distance between the damaged hole and each internal electrode can be calculated from each internal resistance value. By calculating, the position of the damaged hole can be calculated accurately.

これらの効果に加えて、固定外部電極が海中及び護岸斜面上に設置されている場合には、同じ内部電極に対する海中側の固定外部電極との通電と護岸斜面上の固定外部電極との通電とを行ってそれぞれの通電電流値を測定して比較することで、大きな通電電流値が測定された固定外部電極側の遮水シートに損傷孔が生じていることが容易に判別できるのである。   In addition to these effects, when fixed external electrodes are installed in the sea and on the revetment slope, the same internal electrode is energized with the fixed external electrode on the sea side and with the fixed external electrode on the revetment slope. It is possible to easily determine that a damage hole has occurred in the water shielding sheet on the fixed external electrode side where a large energization current value is measured by performing and comparing each energization current value.

更に、上記の3以上の内部電極が設けられていて電源供給装置に固定外部電極の配線が通電可能又は遮断可能に接続されている場合において、算定された損傷孔の位置の略鉛直線上において所定の海中深さまで電極部を可動できる3以上の可動式外部電極を更に備えていて、電源供給装置に可動式外部電極の配線が可動式外部電極毎に通電可能若しくは全てを遮断可能又は可動式外部電極間で通電可能にそれぞれ接続されていると、固定外部電極等と内部電極との間の通電及び内部電極間の通電に加えて、固定外部電極や可動式外部電極による外部電極間の通電を行うことができ、新たに海中の抵抗値等が得られ、直接算出することが難しい損傷孔の抵抗値を除いて全ての各抵抗値をそれぞれ算出することが可能となるので、二重遮水シートの内部と外部とで通電して別途算出された全抵抗値の合計から損傷孔の抵抗値以外の各抵抗値を差し引き損傷孔の抵抗値を算出して、この損傷孔の抵抗値に応じて損傷孔の大きさも算定することができるのである。   Further, in the case where the above-described three or more internal electrodes are provided and the wiring of the fixed external electrode is connected to the power supply device so as to be able to be energized or cut off, a predetermined vertical line on the calculated damage hole position is predetermined. 3 or more movable external electrodes that can move the electrode part to the depth of the sea, and the movable external electrode wiring can be energized for each movable external electrode or all of the movable external electrodes can be cut off or movable external If the electrodes are connected so that they can be energized, in addition to the energization between the fixed external electrode and the internal electrode and the energization between the internal electrodes, the energization between the external electrodes by the fixed external electrode and the movable external electrode is performed. Double resistance can be obtained because it is possible to calculate all resistance values except for the resistance values of damaged holes, which can be newly performed and newly obtained resistance values in the sea. Sheet The resistance value of the damaged hole is calculated by subtracting each resistance value other than the resistance value of the damaged hole from the total of all resistance values separately calculated by energizing inside and outside, and the damage value is determined according to the damaged hole resistance value. The hole size can also be calculated.

また各内部電極が二重遮水シート内の中間保護層の幅方向中央部に設置されている場合には、損傷孔が二重遮水シートの幅方向のどちら側に生じても、測定の精度に大きな偏りが生じ難く、また中間保護層との間に各内部電極が配置されるように通水性シートが二重遮水シート内に更に設けられている場合には、内部電極の汚れや損傷を減少させることができる。   In addition, when each internal electrode is installed at the center in the width direction of the intermediate protective layer in the double water-impervious sheet, no matter which side of the double water-impervious sheet is in the width direction, In the case where a water-permeable sheet is further provided in the double water-impervious sheet so that a large deviation in accuracy is unlikely to occur and each internal electrode is disposed between the intermediate protective layer, Damage can be reduced.

以下、図面を用いて本発明に係る二重遮水シートの破損特定システムについて詳細に説明する。
図1は内部電極が2つ設置されている本発明に係る二重遮水シートの破損特定システムの1実施例の斜視説明図、図2は図1に示した二重遮水シートの構造を示す断面説明図、
図3は本発明に係る二重遮水シートの1実施例の正面説明図、図4は図3における二重遮水シートの内部電極間の回路説明図、図5は図3における二重遮水シートの内部電極と固定外部電極との間の回路説明図、図6は図3における二重遮水シートの可動外部電極間の回路説明図、図7は図3における二重遮水シートの内部電極と可動外部電極との間の回路説明図、図8は損傷孔の大きさと損傷孔抵抗との関係を示す概略説明図である。
Hereinafter, the damage identifying system for a double water-impervious sheet according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a perspective explanatory view of one embodiment of a double water-insulating sheet breakage identification system according to the present invention in which two internal electrodes are installed. FIG. 2 shows the structure of the double water-insulating sheet shown in FIG. Cross-sectional explanatory drawing,
3 is a front explanatory view of an embodiment of the double water-impervious sheet according to the present invention, FIG. 4 is a circuit explanatory view between internal electrodes of the double water-impervious sheet in FIG. 3, and FIG. 6 is a circuit explanatory diagram between the internal electrode and the fixed external electrode of the water sheet, FIG. 6 is a circuit explanatory diagram between the movable external electrodes of the double water-impervious sheet in FIG. 3, and FIG. FIG. 8 is a schematic explanatory diagram showing the relationship between the size of the damaged hole and the resistance of the damaged hole, between the internal electrode and the movable external electrode.

図面中、1は長手方向と平行な線に対して略対称な形状の対向する一対の遮水シート1aの周囲の少なくとも海水と接する部分の端縁が密着されて袋状を成し廃棄物海面処分場の少なくとも護岸斜面の傾斜方向に沿って敷設される二重遮水シートである。二重遮水シート1の遮水シート1aとしては、略長方形状のものや、略二等辺三角形状のもの、略等脚台形状のもの等が使用できる。   In the drawings, reference numeral 1 denotes a sea surface of waste, which forms a bag shape by adhering at least the edges of a portion of a pair of water-impervious sheets 1a that are substantially symmetrical with respect to a line parallel to the longitudinal direction and in contact with seawater. It is a double water-impervious sheet laid along the slope direction of at least the revetment slope of the disposal site. As the water shielding sheet 1a of the double water shielding sheet 1, a substantially rectangular shape, a substantially isosceles triangular shape, a substantially isosceles trapezoidal shape, or the like can be used.

2は二重遮水シート1の略内部全体に配備されている中間保護層であり、この中間保護層2としては、単体で構成されていたり、不織布、ウレタンシート、粘性土(ベントナイト)等を様々に組み合わせたもの等であってもよく、特にその構成は限定されないが、二重遮水シート1は浮力の高い海中に設置されるので、比較的比重の高いものが好ましく利用できる。   2 is an intermediate protective layer that is disposed almost entirely inside the double water-impervious sheet 1, and the intermediate protective layer 2 may be composed of a single substance, non-woven fabric, urethane sheet, viscous soil (bentonite), or the like. Various combinations may be used, and the configuration is not particularly limited. However, since the double water-impervious sheet 1 is installed in the sea with high buoyancy, a sheet having a relatively high specific gravity can be preferably used.

3は中間保護層2と海水側の遮水シート1aとの間であって海面下に位置する部分における二重遮水シート1の該長手方向に所定間隔毎に設置されている2以上の各内部電極及び/又は中間保護層2と護岸斜面側の遮水シート1aとの間であって海面下に位置する部分における二重遮水シート1の該長手方向に所定間隔毎に設置されている2以上の各内部電極であり、この内部電極3に接続されている各配線は、海中で引き出されている場合には絶縁性と二重遮水シート1の遮水性とが、陸上で引き出されている場合には絶縁性がそれぞれ確保されて二重遮水シート1外部へと引き出されていて、後述する電源供給装置5に接続されている。また各内部電極3が二重遮水シート1内の中間保護層2の幅方向中央部に設置されている場合、損傷孔が二重遮水シート1の幅方向のどちら側に生じても、測定の精度に大きな偏りが生じ難くて好ましい。   3 is between the intermediate protective layer 2 and the seawater-side water-impervious sheet 1a, and each of the two or more installed at predetermined intervals in the longitudinal direction of the double water-impervious sheet 1 in the portion located below the sea surface Between the internal electrode and / or the intermediate protective layer 2 and the water-impervious sheet 1a on the revetment slope side, the double water-impervious sheet 1 is installed at predetermined intervals in the longitudinal direction in the portion located below the sea surface. Two or more internal electrodes, and each wiring connected to the internal electrode 3 has an insulating property and a waterproof property of the double water-impervious sheet 1 when drawn out in the sea. In this case, the insulation is ensured, and the double water-impervious sheet 1 is pulled out and connected to a power supply device 5 described later. Moreover, when each internal electrode 3 is installed in the width direction center part of the intermediate | middle protective layer 2 in the double impermeable sheet 1, even if a damage hole arises in which side of the width direction of the double impermeable sheet 1, It is preferable because a large deviation in measurement accuracy is unlikely to occur.

4は二重遮水シート1が敷設される海中及び/又は護岸斜面上に設置される固定外部電極であり、この固定外部電極4の配線は後述する電源供給装置5に接続されている。   Reference numeral 4 denotes a fixed external electrode installed in the sea and / or on the revetment slope where the double water-impervious sheet 1 is laid. The wiring of the fixed external electrode 4 is connected to a power supply device 5 described later.

5は所定電圧が印加可能な電源部5aと通電電流値が測定可能な測定部5bとを備えた電源供給装置であり、各内部電極3の配線や固定外部電極4の配線がそれぞれ接続される。この電源供給装置5には多数の電極の配線が接続されているが、通電電流値は2つの電極間を通電してその通電電流値が測定されるので、どの電極が通電や遮断されているかが重要となる。
そのため、固定外部電極4と内部電極3との間でのみ通電して通電電流値の大きさによって簡便に損傷孔の位置を推定するシステムの場合(請求項1及び請求項2)、全ての内部電極3が遮断されたり、全ての固定外部電極4が遮断されたりすることはない。これに対して、損傷孔の位置を厳密に算定するシステムの場合(請求項3及び請求項4)、内部電極3,3間や外部電極4,4間での通電が必要となるため、全ての外部電極4又は全ての内部電極3が遮断可能となっている。
Reference numeral 5 denotes a power supply device including a power supply unit 5a capable of applying a predetermined voltage and a measurement unit 5b capable of measuring an energization current value, to which the wirings of the internal electrodes 3 and the wirings of the fixed external electrodes 4 are respectively connected. . The power supply device 5 is connected to a large number of electrode wirings. Since the current value is measured by passing between two electrodes, which electrode is energized or cut off. Is important.
Therefore, in the case of a system in which only the fixed external electrode 4 and the internal electrode 3 are energized and the position of the damaged hole is simply estimated based on the magnitude of the energization current value (claims 1 and 2), The electrode 3 is not blocked, or all the fixed external electrodes 4 are not blocked. On the other hand, in the case of a system that strictly calculates the position of the damaged hole (Claims 3 and 4), energization between the internal electrodes 3 and 3 and between the external electrodes 4 and 4 is required. These external electrodes 4 or all the internal electrodes 3 can be cut off.

6は算定された損傷孔の位置の略鉛直線上において所定の海中深さまで電極部を可動できる可動式外部電極であり、この可動式外部電極6の配線は可動式外部電極6毎に通電可能若しくは全てを遮断可能又は可動式外部電極6間で通電可能に電源供給装置5にそれぞれ接続されている。この可動式外部電極6は損傷孔の位置を厳密に算定した後に使用する外部電極であり、常時設置されていてもよいが、損傷孔が生じた二重遮水シート1上へと移動させることができるものであるのが好ましい。   Reference numeral 6 denotes a movable external electrode that can move the electrode portion to a predetermined depth in the sea on a substantially vertical line of the calculated position of the damaged hole. The wiring of the movable external electrode 6 can be energized for each movable external electrode 6 or All of them are connected to the power supply device 5 so that they can be shut off or can be energized between the movable external electrodes 6. This movable external electrode 6 is an external electrode that is used after the position of the damaged hole is strictly calculated, and may be always installed, but it is moved to the double water-impervious sheet 1 in which the damaged hole is generated. It is preferable that

7は中間保護層2との間に各内部電極3が配置されるように通水性シートであり、この通水性シート7は二重遮水シート1内に設けられている。この通水性シート7が更に設けられていれば、各内部電極3の汚れや損傷を減少させることができてより好ましい。   7 is a water-permeable sheet so that each internal electrode 3 is disposed between the intermediate protective layer 2 and the water-permeable sheet 7 is provided in the double water-impervious sheet 1. If this water-permeable sheet 7 is further provided, it is more preferable because dirt and damage of each internal electrode 3 can be reduced.

本発明には、内部電極3と固定外部電極4との間を通電してその通電電流値の大小によって、損傷孔の位置を簡便に推定するシステム(請求項1及び2)と、内部電極3と固定外部電極4との間の通電に加えて内部電極3,3間も通電して各種の抵抗値を算出して損傷孔の位置を厳密に算定するシステム(請求項3及び4)とがある。
損傷孔の位置を簡便に推定するシステム(請求項1及び2)は、二重遮水シート1の内部に設置された各内部電極3と二重遮水シート1の外部に設置された固定外部電極4との間で通電してそれらの通電電流値を測定して比較するだけであり、非常に簡便に損傷孔の位置を推定することができる。先ずこの損傷孔の位置を簡便に推定するシステム(請求項1及び2)の実施例を実施例1として以下に説明する。
The present invention includes a system (Claims 1 and 2) for simply energizing between the internal electrode 3 and the fixed external electrode 4 and simply estimating the position of the damaged hole based on the magnitude of the energization current value, and the internal electrode 3. In addition to energization between the external electrode 4 and the fixed external electrode 4, the internal electrodes 3 and 3 are energized to calculate various resistance values and precisely calculate the position of the damaged hole (claims 3 and 4). is there.
A system (Claims 1 and 2) for easily estimating the position of a damaged hole includes each internal electrode 3 installed inside the double water-proof sheet 1 and a fixed external installed outside the double water-proof sheet 1. It is only necessary to energize between the electrodes 4 and measure and compare their energization current values, and the position of the damaged hole can be estimated very simply. First, an embodiment of a system for easily estimating the position of the damaged hole (claims 1 and 2) will be described below as a first embodiment.

一般に二重遮水シート1は長手方向の長さが数十メートル、幅方向の長さが数メートル程度のものがしばしば利用されるが、この大きさの二重遮水シート1を使用して損傷孔の位置を変えながら試験を繰り返すことは非常に困難であるため、比較的小規模な長手方向の長さが3m、幅方向の長さが0.8mの二重遮水シート1を製作して実験を行った。
図3のように、4つの内部電極3を中間保護層2の海面側に配置し、二重遮水シート1が海中に設置された際に最も海底側に位置する内部電極3(以下、第一内部電極と呼ぶ)を下端部から長手方向に0.2mの位置に配置し、その第一内部電極3から0.7m間隔で第二内部電極3、第三内部電極3及び第四内部電極3を配置すると共に、第一内部電極3と第二内部電極3との中間地点、即ち第一内部電極3と第二内部電極3とからそれぞれ0.35m離れた地点に1cm四方の正方形の損傷孔を設け、海面上に位置する上端部側から各内部電極3の配線を引き出した二重遮水シート1を使用して実験を行った。
In general, a double water-impervious sheet 1 having a length of several tens of meters in the longitudinal direction and a length of several meters in the width direction is often used. Since it is very difficult to repeat the test while changing the position of the damaged hole, a relatively small double-layer impermeable sheet 1 having a length in the longitudinal direction of 3 m and a length in the width direction of 0.8 m is manufactured. The experiment was conducted.
As shown in FIG. 3, four internal electrodes 3 are arranged on the sea surface side of the intermediate protective layer 2, and the internal electrode 3 (hereinafter referred to as the first electrode) located closest to the seabed when the double water-impervious sheet 1 is installed in the sea. One internal electrode) is arranged at a position of 0.2 m in the longitudinal direction from the lower end, and the second internal electrode 3, the third internal electrode 3 and the fourth internal electrode are spaced by 0.7 m from the first internal electrode 3. 3 and a 1 cm square square damage at an intermediate point between the first internal electrode 3 and the second internal electrode 3, that is, at a point 0.35 m away from each of the first internal electrode 3 and the second internal electrode 3. An experiment was conducted using a double water-impervious sheet 1 in which holes were provided and the wiring of each internal electrode 3 was drawn from the upper end side located on the sea surface.

このような二重遮水シート1を使用し、内部電極3と固定外部電極4との間に規定電圧として5ボルトの直流電圧を印可し通電してその通電電流値を測定した。その結果を表1に示す。   Using such a double water-impervious sheet 1, a DC voltage of 5 volts was applied as a specified voltage between the internal electrode 3 and the fixed external electrode 4, and the current value was measured. The results are shown in Table 1.

Figure 2008076355
Figure 2008076355

上記の実験結果から、損傷孔が第一内部電極3及び第二内部電極3の近傍に存在していること、及び第一内部電極3と第二内部電極3とから略等距離であることが分かり、図3のような位置に損傷孔があることが分かる。   From the above experimental results, it is found that the damaged hole is present in the vicinity of the first internal electrode 3 and the second internal electrode 3 and is substantially equidistant from the first internal electrode 3 and the second internal electrode 3. It can be seen that there is a damaged hole at a position as shown in FIG.

次に、損傷孔の位置を厳密に算定するシステム(請求項3及び4)では、内部電極3と固定外部電極4との間の通電電流値、及び内部電極3,3間の通電電流値を測定した後に、各種の抵抗値を算出するなどの処理が必要となる。そこで測定された各通電電流値から各種の抵抗値を算出して(実施例2)、損傷孔の位置を厳密に算定する過程(実施例3)を以下のように実施例と共に示す。またこの実施例を使用して損傷孔の大きさを算定する過程も示す(実施例4)。   Next, in the system (Claims 3 and 4) for strictly calculating the position of the damaged hole, the energization current value between the internal electrode 3 and the fixed external electrode 4 and the energization current value between the internal electrodes 3 and 3 are calculated. After the measurement, processing such as calculating various resistance values is required. Then, various resistance values are calculated from the measured energization current values (Example 2), and the process (Example 3) for strictly calculating the position of the damaged hole is shown together with the examples as follows. A process for calculating the size of the damaged hole using this embodiment is also shown (Example 4).

先ず、上記実施例1と同じ二重遮水シート1を使用して、図4のように二重遮水シート1の内部電極3,3間に規定電圧として5ボルトの直流電圧を印可し通電してその通電電流値を測定した。ここで第一内部電極3と第二内部電極3との間で通電した際にできる電気回路をオームの法則に従って数式で表すと以下のようになる。   First, the same double water-impervious sheet 1 as in Example 1 is used, and a DC voltage of 5 volts is applied between the internal electrodes 3 and 3 of the double water-impervious sheet 1 as shown in FIG. The energization current value was measured. Here, the electric circuit formed when the first internal electrode 3 and the second internal electrode 3 are energized is expressed by the following equation according to Ohm's law.

V(5ボルト)/I(測定値)=Re1+Re2+0.7・rd ……(1)         V (5 volts) / I (measured value) = Re1 + Re2 + 0.7 · rd (1)

なお規定電圧Vは既知の値であり、通電電流値Iは測定値として得られるから既知の値となり、Re1及びRe2は、それぞれ第一内部電極3の抵抗値と第二内部電極3の抵抗値であり未知である。rdは損傷孔が生じて海水が浸入した二重遮水シート1の内部の単位長さ当たりの抵抗値であり、このrdに第一内部電極3と第二内部電極3との間の距離(0.7m)を乗じた0.7・rdは第一内部電極3と第二内部電極3との間の内部抵抗値Rdである。このように上記式(1)ではRe1,Re2及びrdの3つが未知数となっている。
上記のような2つの内部電極3,3間の式(1)は、内部電極3が4つある場合、2つの内部電極3の組合せが6通りあることから上記式(1)の如き式は6つ立てられる。またその際の未知数は各内部電極3の抵抗値Re1〜Re4と二重遮水シート1内部の単位長さ当たりの抵抗値rdの5つが未知数であるから、6つの式の中から5つの式を利用することで、これらを解くことができる。
The specified voltage V is a known value, and the energization current value I is obtained as a measured value, so that it is a known value. Re1 and Re2 are the resistance value of the first internal electrode 3 and the resistance value of the second internal electrode 3, respectively. It is unknown. rd is a resistance value per unit length inside the double water-impervious sheet 1 into which seawater has infiltrated due to a damaged hole, and this rd is a distance between the first internal electrode 3 and the second internal electrode 3 ( 0.7 · rd multiplied by 0.7 m) is an internal resistance value Rd between the first internal electrode 3 and the second internal electrode 3. Thus, in the above equation (1), three of Re1, Re2, and rd are unknowns.
The formula (1) between the two internal electrodes 3 and 3 as described above is such that when there are four internal electrodes 3, there are six combinations of the two internal electrodes 3. 6 stands. In addition, there are five unknowns from the six equations because the unknowns are the resistance values Re1 to Re4 of each internal electrode 3 and the resistance value rd per unit length inside the double impermeable sheet 1. These can be solved by using.

なお、本実験によって実際に算定した内部電極3の各抵抗値Re1〜Re4は略同様な値となったため、これらをまとめて平均値とその標準偏差として以下に示し、また二重遮水シート1内部の単位長さ当たりの抵抗値rdについても、同様にその平均値と標準偏差とを以下に示す。   In addition, since each resistance value Re1-Re4 of the internal electrode 3 actually calculated by this experiment became the substantially same value, these are collectively shown below as an average value and its standard deviation, and double waterproof sheet 1 Similarly, the average value and standard deviation of the internal resistance value rd per unit length are shown below.

Figure 2008076355
Figure 2008076355

以上のように内部電極3,3間で通電し、その通電電流値を上記式(1)の如き式に代入して連立方程式を解くことにより、各内部電極3の抵抗値Re(Re1〜Re4)や二重遮水シート1内部の単位長さ当たりの抵抗値rdを算出することができるのである。なお上記のように各内部電極3の抵抗値Reはその平均値(11.4Ω)に比べて標準偏差(1.51Ω)が小さく、バラツキが少ないので、各内部電極3の各抵抗値Re1〜Re4を独立した未知数とするのではなく、単一の変数Reとして解けば、更に容易に解くこともできる。   As described above, the resistance value Re (Re1 to Re4) of each internal electrode 3 is obtained by energizing between the internal electrodes 3 and 3 and substituting the energization current value into the equation (1) to solve the simultaneous equations. ) And the resistance value rd per unit length inside the double water-impervious sheet 1 can be calculated. As described above, the resistance value Re of each internal electrode 3 has a smaller standard deviation (1.51Ω) and less variation than its average value (11.4Ω). If Re4 is not an independent unknown, but is solved as a single variable Re, it can be solved more easily.

次に、内部電極3と固定外部電極4との間で通電し、その際の電気回路を上記式(1)のような式で表し、上記実施例2で得られた内部電極3の各抵抗値Re1〜Re4(Re)等を代入して解くことで、損傷孔と各内部電極3との間の内部抵抗値を算出することを試みた。また、算出された各内部抵抗値は損傷孔から二重遮水シート1内部の各内部電極3までの距離と比例することから、損傷孔と各内部電極3との間の距離を算出し、損傷孔の位置を厳密に算定した。
先ず上記二重遮水シート1を利用して、内部電極3,3間の通電の場合と同様に、図5のように内部電極3と固定外部電極4との間に規定電圧として5ボルトの直流電圧を印可した。ここで第一内部電極3と固定外部電極4との間で通電してできる電気回路をオームの法則に従って数式で表すと以下のようになる。
Next, electricity is passed between the internal electrode 3 and the fixed external electrode 4, and the electric circuit at that time is expressed by the equation (1), and each resistance of the internal electrode 3 obtained in Example 2 is obtained. An attempt was made to calculate an internal resistance value between the damaged hole and each internal electrode 3 by substituting values Re1 to Re4 (Re) and the like. Moreover, since each calculated internal resistance value is proportional to the distance from the damaged hole to each internal electrode 3 inside the double water-impervious sheet 1, the distance between the damaged hole and each internal electrode 3 is calculated, The position of the damaged hole was calculated strictly.
First, using the double water-impervious sheet 1, as in the case of energization between the internal electrodes 3, 3, a specified voltage of 5 volts is provided between the internal electrode 3 and the fixed external electrode 4 as shown in FIG. 5. A DC voltage was applied. Here, an electrical circuit that is energized between the first internal electrode 3 and the fixed external electrode 4 can be expressed by the following equation according to Ohm's law.

V(5ボルト)/I(測定値)=Re1+Rd1+R ……(2)   V (5 volts) / I (measured value) = Re1 + Rd1 + R (2)

なお規定電圧Vは既知の値であり、通電電流値Iは測定値として得られるから既知の値となり、また第1内部電極3の抵抗値Re1も前記内部電極3,3間の通電結果から得られているため既知の値である。一方、損傷孔から第一内部電極3までの内部抵抗値 Rd1は未知である。また、二重遮水シート1の外部で生じる抵抗値としては固定外部電極4の抵抗値Ra,二重遮水シート1外部(海水等)の抵抗値Rb及び損傷孔の抵抗値Rcがあり、これらの合計値であるR(=Ra+Rb+Rc)も未知である。
次に本実施例のように4つの内部電極3を使用した場合、上記式(2)のような式は各内部電極3毎に立てられるので、上記式(2)のような式が4つ立てられ、未知数は損傷孔から各内部電極3までの内部抵抗値Rd1〜Rd4と二重遮水シート1の外部の抵抗値の合計値Rとの5つとなる。
ここで図3の如く第一内部電極3から損傷孔までの距離と、損傷孔から第四内部電極3までの距離との和は、直接第一内部電極3と第四内部電極3とを結んだ距離と等しい。このような関係は、二重遮水シート1内部の距離に比例する内部抵抗値についても同様に成り立ち、第一内部電極3までの内部抵抗値Rd1と、損傷孔から第四内部電極3までの内部抵抗値Rd4との和は、直接第一内部電極3と第四内部電極3とを結んだ二重遮水シート1内部の内部抵抗値、即ち0.7m×3×rdと等しく、rdは前記実施例2から得られているので0.7m×3×rdは既知であり、このRd1及びRd4についての関係式は以下のように表すことができる。
The specified voltage V is a known value, the energization current value I is obtained as a measured value, and thus becomes a known value, and the resistance value Re1 of the first internal electrode 3 is also obtained from the energization result between the internal electrodes 3 and 3. This is a known value. On the other hand, the internal resistance value Rd1 from the damaged hole to the first internal electrode 3 is unknown. Further, the resistance value generated outside the double impermeable sheet 1 includes a resistance value Ra of the fixed external electrode 4, a resistance value Rb outside the double impermeable sheet 1 (seawater, etc.), and a resistance value Rc of the damaged hole. R (= Ra + Rb + Rc), which is the sum of these values, is also unknown.
Next, when the four internal electrodes 3 are used as in the present embodiment, the equation such as the above equation (2) is established for each internal electrode 3, so that there are four such equations as the above equation (2). There are five unknowns: the internal resistance values Rd1 to Rd4 from the damaged hole to each internal electrode 3, and the total resistance value R of the external resistance value of the double water-impervious sheet 1.
Here, as shown in FIG. 3, the sum of the distance from the first internal electrode 3 to the damaged hole and the distance from the damaged hole to the fourth internal electrode 3 directly connects the first internal electrode 3 and the fourth internal electrode 3. Is equal to the distance. This relationship holds true for the internal resistance value proportional to the distance inside the double water-impervious sheet 1 as well, and the internal resistance value Rd1 up to the first internal electrode 3 and the damage hole to the fourth internal electrode 3 The sum of the internal resistance value Rd4 is equal to the internal resistance value in the double water-impervious sheet 1 directly connecting the first internal electrode 3 and the fourth internal electrode 3, that is, 0.7 m × 3 × rd. Since it is obtained from Example 2, 0.7 m × 3 × rd is known, and the relational expressions for Rd1 and Rd4 can be expressed as follows.

Rd1+Rd4=0.7×3×rd ……(3)   Rd1 + Rd4 = 0.7 × 3 × rd (3)

以上のように内部電極3と固定外部電極4との間で通電して通電電流値を測定すれば、上記式(2)及び式(3)のように式が5つ立てられ、未知数も内部抵抗値Rd1〜Rd4と二重遮水シート1外部の全抵抗値Rの5つであることから、容易に解くことができる。各内部電極3の内部抵抗値Rd1〜Rd4を表3に示す。   If the current is measured between the internal electrode 3 and the fixed external electrode 4 and the current value is measured as described above, five formulas are established as in the above formulas (2) and (3), and the unknowns are also internal. The resistance values Rd1 to Rd4 and the total resistance value R outside the double waterproof sheet 1 can be easily solved. Table 3 shows internal resistance values Rd1 to Rd4 of each internal electrode 3.

Figure 2008076355
Figure 2008076355

このようにして得られた損傷孔から各内部電極3までの内部抵抗値Rd1〜Rd4を、上記表2の単位長さ当たりの抵抗値rdで除すれば、損傷孔から各内部電極3までの距離が得られ、損傷孔の位置を厳密に算定することができるのである。その結果を表4に示す。   By dividing the internal resistance values Rd1 to Rd4 from the damaged hole thus obtained to each internal electrode 3 by the resistance value rd per unit length in Table 2 above, the distance from the damaged hole to each internal electrode 3 is obtained. The distance is obtained and the position of the damaged hole can be calculated precisely. The results are shown in Table 4.

Figure 2008076355
Figure 2008076355

上記結果では第一内部電極3、第二内部電極3、第三内部電極3及び第四内部電極3の実験値との誤差が小さく、これらの実験値から、損傷孔が第一内部電極3及び第二内部電極3の近傍に存在していること、及び内部電極3との略距離が分かり、図3のような位置に損傷孔があることが厳密に算定できた。   In the above result, the error from the experimental values of the first internal electrode 3, the second internal electrode 3, the third internal electrode 3 and the fourth internal electrode 3 is small. It was found that it was present in the vicinity of the second internal electrode 3 and the approximate distance from the internal electrode 3, and it was possible to accurately calculate that there was a damage hole at the position as shown in FIG.

次に、損傷孔の大きさを算定する場合、損傷孔が小さいほど、大きな電気抵抗となることを利用して、損傷孔の抵抗値Rcを算出して損傷孔の大きさを算定する(請求項5)。その際、損傷孔の抵抗値Rcを直接測定したり直接算出したりすることは非常に困難であるため、損傷孔の抵抗値Rcを間接的に算出する。
先ず、図5のように固定外部電極4と内部電極3とを通電した場合、下記のような式(4)で表されるので、この右辺の全抵抗値(Ra+Rb+Rc+Rd+Re)を左辺の規定電圧V及び測定した通電電流値Iから算出し、次に、右辺の損傷孔の抵抗値Rc以外の全ての抵抗値(Ra,Rb,Rd,Re)をそれぞれ個々に算出して、全抵抗値から損傷孔の抵抗値Rc以外の各抵抗値を差し引くことで損傷孔の抵抗値Rcを算定する。
Next, when calculating the size of the damaged hole, using the fact that the smaller the damaged hole, the higher the electrical resistance, calculating the damaged hole resistance value Rc and calculating the size of the damaged hole (claim) Item 5). At that time, since it is very difficult to directly measure or directly calculate the resistance value Rc of the damaged hole, the resistance value Rc of the damaged hole is indirectly calculated.
First, when the fixed external electrode 4 and the internal electrode 3 are energized as shown in FIG. 5, the total resistance value (Ra + Rb + Rc + Rd + Re) on the right side is represented by the specified voltage V on the left side. Then, calculate from the measured current value I, and then calculate all the resistance values (Ra, Rb, Rd, Re) other than the resistance value Rc of the damage hole on the right side individually, and damage from the total resistance value. The resistance value Rc of the damaged hole is calculated by subtracting each resistance value other than the resistance value Rc of the hole.

V(5ボルト)/I(測定値)=Ra+Rb+Rc+Rd+Re ……(4)   V (5 volts) / I (measured value) = Ra + Rb + Rc + Rd + Re (4)

ここで、二重遮水シート1内部の抵抗値Rd及び内部電極3の抵抗値Reは、内部電極3,3間の通電及び内部電極3と固定外部電極4との間の通電によってできる各電気回路を表す式を連立させて解くことによって、実施例2及び実施例3で既に得られている。二重遮水シート1外部の抵抗値である固定外部電極4の抵抗値Ra及び二重遮水シート1外部(海水等)の抵抗値Rbも同様にして、二重遮水シート1外部に複数の可動式外部電極6を並べて、可動式外部電極6,6間を通電すると共に、実施例3のように内部電極3と外部電極(4又は6)との間で通電して、上記実施例2及び実施例3のように計算すれば得られる。その結果を表5に示す。   Here, the resistance value Rd inside the double water-impervious sheet 1 and the resistance value Re of the internal electrode 3 are the electric currents generated by the energization between the internal electrodes 3 and 3 and the energization between the internal electrode 3 and the fixed external electrode 4. It has already been obtained in the second and third embodiments by solving the equations representing the circuit simultaneously. Similarly, the resistance value Ra of the fixed external electrode 4 and the resistance value Rb of the outside of the double impermeable sheet 1 (seawater, etc.), which are the resistance values outside the double impermeable sheet 1, are plural outside the double impermeable sheet 1. The movable external electrodes 6 are arranged side by side, and the movable external electrodes 6 and 6 are energized, and the internal electrode 3 and the external electrode (4 or 6) are energized as in the third embodiment. It can be obtained by calculating as in 2 and Example 3. The results are shown in Table 5.

Figure 2008076355
Figure 2008076355

以上のように、全抵抗値(Ra+Rb+Rc+Rd+Re)の内、損傷孔の抵抗値Rc以外の抵抗値(Ra,Rb,Rd,Re)がそれぞれ表2,表3及び表5のように得られたので、式(4)の右辺の全抵抗値(Ra+Rb+Rc+Rd+Re)を左辺の規定電圧V及び測定した通電電流値Iから算出し、この全抵抗値から損傷孔の抵抗値Rc以外の抵抗値(Ra,Rb,Rd,Re)を差し引けば損傷孔の抵抗値Rcを算定することができる。そこで、本実施例では更に、様々な大きさの損傷孔を設けて、各損傷孔についてその抵抗値Rcを算出して、損傷孔が小さいほど、抵抗値Rcが大きく算出されること及び算出された抵抗値Rcから補修の有無が的確に判断できることを示す。   As described above, among the total resistance values (Ra + Rb + Rc + Rd + Re), resistance values (Ra, Rb, Rd, Re) other than the resistance value Rc of the damaged hole were obtained as shown in Table 2, Table 3, and Table 5, respectively. The total resistance value (Ra + Rb + Rc + Rd + Re) on the right side of Equation (4) is calculated from the specified voltage V on the left side and the measured energization current value I, and the resistance values (Ra, Rb) other than the resistance value Rc of the damaged hole are calculated from this total resistance value. , Rd, Re), the resistance value Rc of the damaged hole can be calculated. Therefore, in this embodiment, further, damage holes of various sizes are provided, and the resistance value Rc is calculated for each damage hole. The smaller the damage hole, the larger the resistance value Rc is calculated. It shows that the presence or absence of repair can be accurately determined from the resistance value Rc.

第一内部電極3と第二内部電極3との中間地点に、1cm四方の正方形の損傷孔の他に、0.1cm四方、0.3cm四方、0.5cm四方、2cm四方、3cm四方、5cm四方、10cm四方、20cm四方、30cm四方の各正方形状の損傷孔を順次設けてその抵抗値Rcを算出した。その実験結果を図8に示す。   In addition to the square damage hole of 1 cm square, 0.1 cm square, 0.3 cm square, 0.5 cm square, 2 cm square, 3 cm square, 5 cm at the intermediate point between the first internal electrode 3 and the second internal electrode 3 Four square, 10 cm square, 20 cm square, and 30 cm square square holes were sequentially provided, and the resistance value Rc was calculated. The experimental results are shown in FIG.

この図8から損傷孔の抵抗値Rcと損傷孔の大きさとが反比例することが明確となった。
また損傷孔面積が1cm2未満(0.1cm四方、0.3cm四方、0.5cm四方の各損傷孔)の場合、損傷孔の抵抗値Rcは非常に大きな値として表れ、また綺麗な曲線とならないことから誤差が大きいことが分かる。このような大きさの場合、誤差が比較的大きいが、損傷孔の抵抗値Rc自体の値が非常に大きな値で算出されるので損傷孔が非常に小さいことは容易に判断できる。このように小さい損傷孔であることを把握した上で補修の必要性が判断できることは非常に大きな意味がある。
次に、1〜10cm2程度の損傷孔(1cm四方、2cm四方、3cm四方の各損傷孔)では補修を行うか否かの判断が必要となるため、できるだけ正確に大きさを算定する必要がある。図8のようにこのような大きさの損傷孔では20〜40Ω程度の値が表れ、図8のように綺麗な曲線を示しており誤差も少ないと考えられ、損傷孔の大きさを比較的的確に判断でき、適切な補修方法の選択が可能となることは非常に大きな意味がある。
また、損傷孔の大きさが10cm2超える場合(5cm四方、10cm四方、20cm四方、30cm四方の各損傷孔)は、通常、補修を行う必要があるが、このような大きさの損傷孔では損傷孔の抵抗値Rcは非常に小さく表れる。損傷孔の抵抗値Rcがこのように非常に小さい値で算出された場合、損傷孔が生じていない時の誤差とも考えられるが、損傷孔の大きさの算定は、内部電極3と固定外部電極4との間で通電して損傷孔が生じていることを確認した後に行うので、損傷孔が生じていない時の誤差である可能性はない。従って算出した損傷孔の抵抗値Rcの値が零に近い値となっていれば、大きな損傷孔が生じていて補修が必要であることが容易に分かるのである。
FIG. 8 clearly shows that the resistance value Rc of the damaged hole is inversely proportional to the size of the damaged hole.
In addition, when the damaged hole area is less than 1 cm 2 (0.1 cm square, 0.3 cm square, 0.5 cm square damaged holes), the resistance value Rc of the damaged hole appears as a very large value. It can be seen that the error is large. In the case of such a size, the error is relatively large, but since the value of the resistance value Rc of the damaged hole is calculated as a very large value, it can be easily determined that the damaged hole is very small. It is very significant that the necessity of repair can be determined after grasping such a small damage hole.
Next, 1 to 10 cm 2 approximately injury hole for the determination of whether performing the repair (1cm square, 2 cm square, the damage holes of 3cm square) is required, the need to calculate as accurately as possible the size is there. As shown in FIG. 8, a damaged hole having such a size has a value of about 20 to 40Ω, and it is considered to have a beautiful curve as shown in FIG. It is very important to be able to judge accurately and to select an appropriate repair method.
If the size of the damaged hole exceeds 10 cm 2 (5 cm square, 10 cm square, 20 cm square, and 30 cm square damaged holes), it is usually necessary to repair the damaged hole. The resistance value Rc of the damaged hole appears very small. If the resistance value Rc of the damaged hole is calculated with such a very small value, it can be considered that there is no error when the damaged hole is not generated, but the size of the damaged hole is calculated with the internal electrode 3 and the fixed external electrode. 4 is performed after confirming that a damaged hole has been generated by energizing the power source 4, there is no possibility of an error when no damaged hole is generated. Therefore, if the calculated resistance value Rc of the damaged hole is a value close to zero, it can be easily understood that a large damaged hole has occurred and repair is necessary.

以上のように、本発明は少数のデータを解析して損傷孔の位置等を算定することができるため、潮汐、波浪等の時々刻々変化する厳しい外的作用を受ける廃棄物海面処分場に特に適しており、また損傷孔の位置を簡便に推定できるだけでなく(請求項1及び2)、内部電極3と固定外部電極4との間の通電に加えて内部電極3,3間も通電して各種の抵抗値を算出して損傷孔の位置を厳密に算定することができ(請求項3及び4)、更にはその損傷孔の大きさも算定することができるのである(請求項5)。
なお、実施例に示した解析方法はあくまでも一例に過ぎず、本発明は必ずしもこの解析方法に限定される発明ではなく、同様な解析方法であればどのような解析方法を使用してもよい。
As described above, since the present invention can calculate a position of a damaged hole by analyzing a small amount of data, it is particularly suitable for a waste sea surface disposal site that receives severe external effects such as tides and waves. In addition to being able to easily estimate the position of the damaged hole (Claims 1 and 2), in addition to the energization between the internal electrode 3 and the fixed external electrode 4, the internal electrodes 3 and 3 are energized. By calculating various resistance values, the position of the damaged hole can be calculated strictly (Claims 3 and 4), and the size of the damaged hole can also be calculated (Claim 5).
Note that the analysis method shown in the embodiment is merely an example, and the present invention is not necessarily limited to this analysis method, and any analysis method may be used as long as it is a similar analysis method.

内部電極が2つ設置されている本発明に係る二重遮水シートの破損特定システムの1実施例の斜視説明図である。BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a perspective explanatory view of one embodiment of a double water-impervious sheet breakage identification system according to the present invention in which two internal electrodes are installed. 図1に示した二重遮水シートの構造を示す断面説明図である。It is sectional explanatory drawing which shows the structure of the double water-impervious sheet shown in FIG. 本発明に係る二重遮水シートの1実施例の正面説明図である。It is front explanatory drawing of 1 Example of the double water-impervious sheet concerning this invention. 図3における二重遮水シートの内部電極間の回路説明図である。It is circuit explanatory drawing between the internal electrodes of the double water-proof sheet | seat in FIG. 図3における二重遮水シートの内部電極と固定外部電極との間の回路説明図である。It is a circuit explanatory drawing between the internal electrode and fixed external electrode of the double water-impervious sheet in FIG. 図3における二重遮水シートの可動外部電極間の回路説明図である。It is circuit explanatory drawing between the movable external electrodes of the double water-impervious sheet in FIG. 図3における二重遮水シートの内部電極と可動外部電極との間の回路説明図である。It is a circuit explanatory drawing between the internal electrode and movable external electrode of the double water-impervious sheet in FIG. 損傷孔の大きさと損傷孔抵抗との関係を示す概略説明図である。It is a schematic explanatory drawing which shows the relationship between the magnitude | size of a damaged hole, and damaged hole resistance.

符号の説明Explanation of symbols

1 二重遮水シート
1a 遮水シート
2 中間保護層
3 内部電極
4 固定外部電極
5 電源供給装置
5a 電源部
5b 測定部
6 可動式外部電極
7 通水性シート
1 Double waterproof sheet
1a Water shielding sheet 2 Intermediate protective layer 3 Internal electrode 4 Fixed external electrode 5 Power supply device
5a Power supply
5b Measuring section 6 Movable external electrode 7 Water permeable sheet

Claims (7)

長手方向と平行な線に対して略対称な形状の対向する一対の遮水シート(1a)の周囲の少なくとも海水と接する部分の端縁が密着されて袋状を成し廃棄物海面処分場の少なくとも護岸斜面の傾斜方向に沿って敷設される二重遮水シート(1)の破損特定システムであって、
二重遮水シート(1)の略内部全体に配備されている中間保護層(2)と海水側の遮水シート(1a)との間であって海面下に位置する部分における二重遮水シート(1)の該長手方向に所定間隔毎に設置されている2以上の各内部電極(3)及び/又は中間保護層(2)と護岸斜面側の遮水シート(1a)との間であって海面下に位置する部分における二重遮水シート(1)の該長手方向に所定間隔毎に設置されている2以上の各内部電極(3)に接続されている各配線が、海中で引き出されている場合には絶縁性と二重遮水シート(1)の遮水性とが、陸上で引き出されている場合には絶縁性がそれぞれ確保されて二重遮水シート(1)外部へと引き出されており、
所定電圧が印加可能な電源部(5a)と通電電流値が測定可能な測定部(5b)とを備えた電源供給装置(5)に二重遮水シート(1)が敷設される海中又は護岸斜面上に設置される固定外部電極(4)の配線が接続されており、且つ電源供給装置(5)に前記各内部電極(3)の配線が内部電極(3)毎に通電可能にそれぞれ接続されていることを特徴とする損傷孔の位置を推定可能な二重遮水シートの破損特定システム。
The edge of at least the part in contact with seawater around the pair of opposing water-impervious sheets (1a) having a substantially symmetrical shape with respect to a line parallel to the longitudinal direction is in close contact with each other to form a bag, and the waste sea surface disposal site A system for identifying damage to a double water-impervious sheet (1) laid at least along the slope direction of a revetment slope,
Double water-blocking at the part located between the intermediate protective layer (2) and the sea-water-side water-blocking sheet (1a) located almost entirely inside the double water-proof sheet (1). Between the two or more internal electrodes (3) and / or intermediate protective layer (2) installed at predetermined intervals in the longitudinal direction of the sheet (1) and the water shielding sheet (1a) on the revetment slope side Each wiring connected to each of the two or more internal electrodes (3) installed at predetermined intervals in the longitudinal direction of the double water-impervious sheet (1) in the portion located below the sea surface is underwater. When it is pulled out, the insulation and the water imperviousness of the double water-impervious sheet (1) are secured, and when it is pulled out on land, the insulation is ensured, and the double water-impervious sheet (1) goes outside. And has been drawn
Underwater or revetment where a double water-impervious sheet (1) is laid on a power supply device (5) equipped with a power supply unit (5a) capable of applying a predetermined voltage and a measurement unit (5b) capable of measuring an energization current value The wiring of the fixed external electrode (4) installed on the slope is connected, and the wiring of each internal electrode (3) is connected to the power supply device (5) so that each internal electrode (3) can be energized. A system for identifying breakage of a double water-impervious sheet capable of estimating the position of a damaged hole.
長手方向と平行な線に対して略対称な形状の対向する一対の遮水シート(1a)の周囲の少なくとも海水と接する部分の端縁が密着されて袋状を成し廃棄物海面処分場の少なくとも護岸斜面の傾斜方向に沿って敷設される二重遮水シート(1)の破損特定システムであって、
二重遮水シート(1)の略内部全体に配備されている中間保護層(2)と海水側の遮水シート(1a)との間であって海面下に位置する部分における二重遮水シート(1)の該長手方向に所定間隔毎に設置されている2以上の各内部電極(3)及び/又は中間保護層(2)と護岸斜面側の遮水シート(1a)との間であって海面下に位置する部分における二重遮水シート(1)の該長手方向に所定間隔毎に設置されている2以上の各内部電極(3)に接続されている各配線が、海中で引き出されている場合には絶縁性と二重遮水シート(1)の遮水性とが、陸上で引き出されている場合には絶縁性がそれぞれ確保されて二重遮水シート(1)外部へと引き出されており、
所定電圧が印加可能な電源部(5a)と通電電流値が測定可能な測定部(5b)とを備えた電源供給装置(5)に二重遮水シート(1)が敷設される海中及び護岸斜面上に設置される固定外部電極(4)の配線が固定外部電極(4)毎に通電可能に接続されており、且つ電源供給装置(5)に前記各内部電極(3)の配線が内部電極(3)毎に通電可能にそれぞれ接続されていることを特徴とする損傷孔が海水側か護岸斜面側かを特定可能及び損傷孔の位置を推定可能な二重遮水シートの破損特定システム。
The edge of at least the part in contact with seawater around the pair of opposing water-impervious sheets (1a) having a substantially symmetrical shape with respect to a line parallel to the longitudinal direction is in close contact with each other to form a bag, and the waste sea surface disposal site A system for identifying damage to a double water-impervious sheet (1) laid at least along the slope direction of a revetment slope,
Double water-blocking at the part located between the intermediate protective layer (2) and the sea-water-side water-blocking sheet (1a) located almost entirely inside the double water-proof sheet (1). Between the two or more internal electrodes (3) and / or intermediate protective layer (2) installed at predetermined intervals in the longitudinal direction of the sheet (1) and the water shielding sheet (1a) on the revetment slope side Each wiring connected to each of the two or more internal electrodes (3) installed at predetermined intervals in the longitudinal direction of the double water-impervious sheet (1) in the portion located below the sea surface is underwater. When it is pulled out, the insulation and the water imperviousness of the double water-impervious sheet (1) are secured, and when it is pulled out on land, the insulation is ensured, and the double water-impervious sheet (1) goes outside. And has been drawn
Underwater and revetment where a double water-impervious sheet (1) is laid on a power supply device (5) equipped with a power supply unit (5a) capable of applying a predetermined voltage and a measurement unit (5b) capable of measuring an energization current value The wiring of the fixed external electrode (4) installed on the slope is connected to each fixed external electrode (4) so that energization is possible, and the wiring of each internal electrode (3) is internally connected to the power supply device (5). Damage detection system for double impermeable sheet that can identify whether the damaged hole is on the seawater side or the revetment slope side, and is capable of estimating the position of the damaged hole. .
長手方向と平行な線に対して略対称な形状の対向する一対の遮水シート(1a)の周囲の少なくとも海水と接する部分の端縁が密着されて袋状を成し廃棄物海面処分場の少なくとも護岸斜面の傾斜方向に沿って敷設される二重遮水シート(1)の破損特定システムであって、
二重遮水シート(1)の略内部全体に配備されている中間保護層(2)と海水側の遮水シート(1a)との間であって海面下に位置する部分における二重遮水シート(1)の該長手方向に所定間隔毎に設置されている2以上の各内部電極(3)及び/又は中間保護層(2)と護岸斜面側の遮水シート(1a)との間であって海面下に位置する部分における二重遮水シート(1)の該長手方向に所定間隔毎に設置されている2以上の各内部電極(3)に接続されている各配線が、海中で引き出されている場合には絶縁性と二重遮水シート(1)の遮水性とが、陸上で引き出されている場合には絶縁性がそれぞれ確保されて二重遮水シート(1)外部へと引き出されており、
所定電圧が印加可能な電源部(5a)と通電電流値が測定可能な測定部(5b)とを備えた電源供給装置(5)に二重遮水シート(1)が敷設される海中又は護岸斜面上に設置される固定外部電極(4)の配線が通電可能又は遮断可能に接続されており、且つ電源供給装置(5)に前記各内部電極(3)の配線が内部電極(3)毎に通電可能若しくは全てを遮断可能又は内部電極(3)間で通電可能にそれぞれ接続されていることを特徴とする損傷孔の位置を算定可能な二重遮水シートの破損特定システム。
The edge of at least the part in contact with seawater around the pair of opposing water-impervious sheets (1a) having a substantially symmetrical shape with respect to a line parallel to the longitudinal direction is in close contact with each other to form a bag, and the waste sea surface disposal site A system for identifying damage to a double water-impervious sheet (1) laid at least along the slope direction of a revetment slope,
Double water-blocking at the part located between the intermediate protective layer (2) and the sea-water-side water-blocking sheet (1a) located almost entirely inside the double water-proof sheet (1). Between the two or more internal electrodes (3) and / or intermediate protective layer (2) installed at predetermined intervals in the longitudinal direction of the sheet (1) and the water shielding sheet (1a) on the revetment slope side Each wiring connected to each of the two or more internal electrodes (3) installed at predetermined intervals in the longitudinal direction of the double water-impervious sheet (1) in the portion located below the sea surface is underwater. When it is pulled out, the insulation and the water imperviousness of the double water-impervious sheet (1) are secured, and when it is pulled out on land, the insulation is ensured, and the double water-impervious sheet (1) goes outside. And has been drawn
Underwater or revetment where a double water-impervious sheet (1) is laid on a power supply device (5) equipped with a power supply unit (5a) capable of applying a predetermined voltage and a measurement unit (5b) capable of measuring an energization current value The wiring of the fixed external electrode (4) installed on the slope is connected to be able to be energized or cut off, and the wiring of each internal electrode (3) is connected to the power supply device (5) for each internal electrode (3). A double water-proof sheet breakage identification system capable of calculating the position of a damaged hole, characterized in that it can be energized or can be entirely shut off, or connected between the internal electrodes (3).
長手方向と平行な線に対して略対称な形状の対向する一対の遮水シート(1a)の周囲の少なくとも海水と接する部分の端縁が密着されて袋状を成し廃棄物海面処分場の少なくとも護岸斜面の傾斜方向に沿って敷設される二重遮水シート(1)の破損特定システムであって、
二重遮水シート(1)の略内部全体に配備されている中間保護層(2)と海水側の遮水シート(1a)との間であって海面下に位置する部分における二重遮水シート(1)の該長手方向に所定間隔毎に設置されている2以上の各内部電極(3)及び/又は中間保護層(2)と護岸斜面側の遮水シート(1a)との間であって海面下に位置する部分における二重遮水シート(1)の該長手方向に所定間隔毎に設置されている2以上の各内部電極(3)に接続されている各配線が、海中で引き出されている場合には絶縁性と二重遮水シート(1)の遮水性とが、陸上で引き出されている場合には絶縁性がそれぞれ確保されて二重遮水シート(1)外部へと引き出されており、
所定電圧が印加可能な電源部(5a)と通電電流値が測定可能な測定部(5b)とを備えた電源供給装置(5)に二重遮水シート(1)が敷設される海中及び護岸斜面上に設置される固定外部電極(4)の配線が固定外部電極(4)毎に通電可能又は全てが遮断可能に接続されており、且つ電源供給装置(5)に前記各内部電極(3)の配線が内部電極(3)毎に通電可能若しくは全てを遮断可能又は内部電極(3)間で通電可能にそれぞれ接続されていることを特徴とする損傷孔が海水側か護岸斜面側かを特定可能及び損傷孔の位置を推定可能な二重遮水シートの破損特定システム。
The edge of at least the part in contact with seawater around the pair of opposing water-impervious sheets (1a) having a substantially symmetrical shape with respect to a line parallel to the longitudinal direction is in close contact with each other to form a bag, and the waste sea surface disposal site A system for identifying damage to a double water-impervious sheet (1) laid at least along the slope direction of a revetment slope,
Double water-blocking at the part located between the intermediate protective layer (2) and the sea-water-side water-blocking sheet (1a) located almost entirely inside the double water-proof sheet (1). Between the two or more internal electrodes (3) and / or intermediate protective layer (2) installed at predetermined intervals in the longitudinal direction of the sheet (1) and the water shielding sheet (1a) on the revetment slope side Each wiring connected to each of the two or more internal electrodes (3) installed at predetermined intervals in the longitudinal direction of the double water-impervious sheet (1) in the portion located below the sea surface is underwater. When it is pulled out, the insulation and the water imperviousness of the double water-impervious sheet (1) are secured, and when it is pulled out on land, the insulation is ensured, and the double water-impervious sheet (1) goes outside. And has been drawn
Underwater and revetment where a double water-impervious sheet (1) is laid on a power supply device (5) equipped with a power supply unit (5a) capable of applying a predetermined voltage and a measurement unit (5b) capable of measuring an energization current value The wires of the fixed external electrodes (4) installed on the slopes are connected to each fixed external electrode (4) so that they can be energized or all can be cut off, and each internal electrode (3) is connected to the power supply device (5). ) Is connected to each internal electrode (3) so that it can be energized or all can be interrupted, or between the internal electrodes (3). Damage detection system for double waterproof sheet that can be identified and position of damaged holes can be estimated.
算定された損傷孔の位置の略鉛直線上において所定の海中深さまで電極部を可動できる3以上の可動式外部電極(6)を更に備えていて、電源供給装置(5)に可動式外部電極(6)の配線が可動式外部電極(6)毎に通電可能若しくは全てを遮断可能又は可動式外部電極(6)間で通電可能にそれぞれ接続されていて損傷孔の大きさも算定可能な請求項3又は4に記載の二重遮水シートの破損特定システム。   Three or more movable external electrodes (6) that can move the electrode part to a predetermined depth in the sea on a substantially vertical line at the calculated position of the damaged hole are further provided, and the movable external electrode (5) is provided in the power supply device (5). 6. The wiring of 6) can be energized for each movable external electrode (6) or all can be cut off, or can be energized between the movable external electrodes (6), and the size of the damaged hole can be calculated. Or the damage identification system of the double waterproof sheet as described in 4. 各内部電極(3)が二重遮水シート(1)内の中間保護層(2)の幅方向中央部に設置されている請求項1から5までのいずれか1項に記載の二重遮水シートの破損特定システム。   The double shield according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein each internal electrode (3) is installed at the center in the width direction of the intermediate protective layer (2) in the double waterproof sheet (1). Water sheet breakage identification system. 中間保護層(2)との間に各内部電極(3)が配置されるように通水性シート(7)が二重遮水シート(1)内に更に設けられている請求項1から6までのいずれか1項に記載の二重遮水シートの破損特定システム。   The water-permeable sheet (7) is further provided in the double water-impervious sheet (1) so that each internal electrode (3) is arranged between the intermediate protective layer (2). The damage identification system of the double water-impervious sheet according to any one of the above.
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JP2002301443A (en) * 2001-04-05 2002-10-15 Bridgestone Corp Water stopping sheet and method for detecting break of the same
JP2004150112A (en) * 2002-10-30 2004-05-27 Wakachiku Construction Co Ltd Double impervious sheet
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JP2005262021A (en) * 2004-03-16 2005-09-29 Ohbayashi Corp System for detection and repair of water leakage in sealing work

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JP2008284454A (en) * 2007-05-17 2008-11-27 Ohbayashi Corp Method for detecting water leakage in impervious sheet
JP2008284453A (en) * 2007-05-17 2008-11-27 Ohbayashi Corp Method for detecting water leakage in impervious sheet

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