JP2008076355A - System for identifying location of break in double impervious sheet - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a system for identifying the location of a break in a double impervious sheet to be laid down on a sea area waste disposal site. <P>SOLUTION: The system for identifying the location of a break in the double impervious sheet 1 to be laid down along the direction of dip of at least a revetment slope of a sea area waste disposal site is arranged such that: wires respectively connected to two or more internal electrodes 3 provided at regular intervals in a portion below the sea surface between an intermediate protecting layer 2 disposed substantially entirely inside of the double impervious sheet 1 and a liner sheet 1a facing the seawater and/or two or more internal electrodes 3 provided at regular intervals in a portion located below the sea surface between the intermediate protecting layer 2 and an impervious sheet 1a facing the revetment slope are drawn out of the double impervious sheet 1; a wire of a fixed external electrode 4 provided in the sea or on the revetment slope is connected to a power supply apparatus 5 including a power supply section 5a capable of applying a predetermined voltage and a measuring section 5b capable of measuring a flowing current; and the wire of each of the internal electrodes 3 is electrically connected to the power supply apparatus 5. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2008,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a damage identifying system for a double water shielding sheet laid at a waste sea surface disposal site.

  In recent years, it has become difficult to secure land-based waste disposal sites, and waste sea-level disposal sites have attracted attention. In such a waste sea surface disposal site, it is required to provide sufficient water shielding work so that sewage does not penetrate the ground and cause environmental destruction, etc. A water-impervious sheet is laid on the revetment slope, and when the sea floor is not a naturally deposited clay ground with high water-imperviousness, a double water-impervious sheet is also laid on the sea floor.

  In addition, even on land waste disposal sites, water-impervious construction is carried out in which double water-impervious sheets are laid in the recesses that become waste disposal sites so that rainwater contaminated with waste does not penetrate into the ground. ing. Since such double water-impervious sheets used on land and at sea may be damaged by accumulated waste, their maintenance is very important. In particular, the waste sea surface disposal site is easily deteriorated due to severe external effects such as tides and waves that change every moment, and its maintenance is very difficult.

As a water leakage detection system for a double impermeable sheet laid in such a waste disposal site, a double impermeable sheet divided into a plurality of sections, and a seat installed inside each of the plurality of sections There is a water leakage detection system including a reference electrode, a plurality of lower detection electrodes installed in the ground, and at least one upper detection electrode installed in a recess (see, for example, Patent Document 1).
This water leakage detection system uses a special double water-impervious sheet that is divided into multiple compartments. When the double water-impervious sheet breaks, only the damaged compartment is submerged. This is a system that can detect a water leak point by energizing the reference electrode in the compartment and the external upper detection electrode through water. For this reason, in order to accurately detect the location of water leakage, not only a very special double water-proof sheet that has been finely divided inside, but also a large number of in-sheet reference electrodes are required. There is a drawback that management is complicated.

  In addition, as a damage detection method that does not need to partition the inside of the water shielding sheet, energize between the electrode provided on the top of the water shielding sheet material and the conductive film in the water shielding sheet material, There is a method for detecting breakage of a water-impervious sheet-like material in a waste accumulation site characterized by measuring a change in energization (for example, see Patent Document 2 (Claim 5)). However, in this detection method, a conductive film such as a metal foil having substantially the same shape as the water-impervious sheet-like material must be disposed inside the water-impervious sheet-like material (FIGS. 2 to 5). Since it becomes one large electrode that is almost the same shape as the sheet-like material, when the water-shielding sheet-like material breaks and the conductive film and the external electrode can be energized, roughly specify the location of the breakage There is a disadvantage that can not be.

JP 2002-55017 A JP 2002-301443 A

  In addition, these systems and methods are used at landfill sites on land. These systems and methods are easy to use at waste surface disposal sites that are subject to severe external effects such as tides and waves. It is difficult to introduce to. Therefore, in a waste sea surface disposal site, a system that analyzes a small amount of data and identifies the position of damaged holes, etc., rather than acquiring a large amount of data by many measurement operations and identifying the positions of damaged holes, etc. It is more suitable.

  In addition, since it is extremely difficult to perform repair work at a waste sea surface disposal site, a system capable of specifying the size of a damaged hole is desired so that various countermeasures can be taken depending on the degree of damage.

  This invention makes it a subject to provide the damage identification system of the double water-proof sheet | seat laid in a waste sea level disposal site in view of the said problem.

As a result of intensive studies to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present inventors have found that between the intermediate protective layer and the seawater-side water-impervious sheet disposed almost entirely inside the double water-impervious sheet and below the sea surface. Between the two or more internal electrodes and / or intermediate protective layers installed at predetermined intervals in the longitudinal direction of the double water-impervious sheet in the portion located at the sea level and the water-impervious sheet on the revetment slope side. In the case where each wiring connected to two or more internal electrodes installed at predetermined intervals in the longitudinal direction of the double water-impervious sheet in the lower portion is drawn out in the sea And the water-imperviousness of the double water-impervious sheet, when they are drawn out on land, they are pulled out to the outside of the double water-impervious sheet while ensuring the insulation properties, and the power supply unit and energizing current to which a predetermined voltage can be applied Dual power supply device with measuring unit capable of measuring values Connected to the wiring of the fixed external electrode installed in the sea or on the revetment slope where the water sheet is laid, and connected to the power supply device the wiring of each internal electrode so that each internal electrode can be energized. If the water sheet breakage identification system is used, the presence or absence of damage to the double water-impervious sheet can be easily confirmed by checking whether or not energization is possible between the fixed external electrode and any one internal electrode. After confirming that there is an electrical current between each fixed electrode and each internal electrode, it is considered that the internal electrode with a larger current value is closer to the damage hole, so compare each current value. By doing this, you can easily estimate where the damaged holes are in the double water-impervious sheet,
In addition, instead of installing a fixed external electrode in the sea or on one side of the revetment slope in this double water-impervious sheet breakage identification system, if a fixed external electrode is installed on both sides of the sea or on the revetment slope, By energizing the fixed external electrode on the sea side and the fixed external electrode on the revetment slope and comparing the current values, it is easy to identify whether the damage hole is the seawater side or the revetment slope side.
If you want to pinpoint the location of the damage hole, in the part located between the intermediate protective layer and the seawater-side water-proof sheet located almost entirely inside the double-water-proof sheet, The portion of the double impermeable sheet located between the two or more internal electrodes and / or intermediate protective layer and the impermeable sheet on the revetment slope side that are installed at predetermined intervals in the longitudinal direction and located below the sea surface In the case where each wiring connected to each of the two or more internal electrodes installed at predetermined intervals in the longitudinal direction of the double water-impervious sheet in FIG. When the sheet is pulled out on land, the sheet is pulled out to the outside of the double sheet to ensure insulation, and the power supply unit to which a predetermined voltage can be applied and the current value can be measured. Double water-impervious sheet is laid on the power supply device equipped with the measurement unit The wiring of the fixed external electrode installed in the sea or on the revetment slope is connected so that it can be energized or can be interrupted, and the wiring of each internal electrode can be energized for each internal electrode to the power supply device or all can be interrupted, or If the double water-impervious sheet breakage identification system is connected to each other so that current can be passed between the internal electrodes, three or more internal electrodes are arranged inside the double water-impervious sheet. Since it can be cut off freely, in addition to energization between the fixed external electrode and each internal electrode, it is also possible to energize between the internal electrodes. As a result, the resistance value and damage hole of each internal electrode in the double waterproof sheet The internal resistance value between each internal electrode and each internal electrode can be calculated, and these internal resistance values are proportional to the distance from the damaged hole to each internal electrode inside the double water shielding sheet. And the distance between each internal electrode Can be strictly calculated position of the damaged hole by calculating,
In addition, instead of installing a fixed external electrode in the sea or on one side of the revetment slope in this double water-impervious sheet breakage identification system, if a fixed external electrode is installed on both sides of the sea or on the revetment slope, By energizing the fixed external electrode on the sea side and the fixed external electrode on the revetment slope and comparing the current values, it is easy to identify whether the damage hole is the seawater side or the revetment slope side.
Moreover, in the latter two double water-proof sheet failure identification systems of the above-mentioned four double water-proof sheet failure identification systems, the inside and the outside of the double water-proof sheet are energized through the damage holes. However, the smaller the damaged hole, the larger the electric resistance. Therefore, if the resistance value of the damaged hole is calculated, the size of the damaged hole can be calculated. Three or more movable external electrodes that can move the electrode part to the depth of the sea are further provided, and the wiring of the movable external electrodes can be energized for each movable external electrode in the power supply device, or all of the movable external electrodes can be cut off, or between the movable external electrodes In addition to energization between the fixed external electrode and the internal electrode and between the internal electrodes, the external electrode can be energized between the fixed external electrode and the movable external electrode. Because it is possible to calculate all the resistance values except for the resistance values of damaged holes, which are newly obtained underwater resistance values, etc., which are difficult to calculate directly, The resistance value of the damaged hole is calculated by subtracting each resistance value other than the resistance value of the damaged hole from the total of all the resistance values calculated separately by energizing with the outside, and the damage value is determined according to the resistance value of the damaged hole. The present invention was completed by investigating that the size of the hole can also be calculated.

That is, the present invention is a waste sea surface disposal in which the edge of at least a portion in contact with seawater around a pair of opposing water shielding sheets having a substantially symmetrical shape with respect to a line parallel to the longitudinal direction is closely attached to form a bag shape. A system for identifying damage to a double water-impervious sheet laid along at least the slope direction of the revetment slope of the field, wherein an intermediate protective layer and seawater-side water shield are provided substantially throughout the double water-impervious sheet. Two or more internal electrodes and / or intermediate protective layers installed at predetermined intervals in the longitudinal direction of the double water-impervious sheet in a portion between the sheet and below the sea surface are shielded on the revetment slope side. Each wiring connected to each of the two or more internal electrodes installed at predetermined intervals in the longitudinal direction of the double water-impervious sheet in a portion located between the water sheet and below the sea surface Insulation and double water-impervious seal when pulled out When the water-imperviousness is drawn on land, the insulation is ensured and pulled out of the double water-impervious sheet, and the power supply unit to which a predetermined voltage can be applied and the current value can be measured A fixed external electrode wiring installed in the sea or on the revetment slope where the double water-impervious sheet is laid is connected to a power supply device equipped with a measuring unit, and each of the internal electrodes is connected to the power supply device. A double water-impervious sheet breakage identification system capable of estimating the position of a damaged hole, wherein the wiring is connected to each internal electrode so as to be energized, and
At least the revetment slope of the waste sea surface disposal site where the edges of at least the part in contact with seawater around the pair of opposing water shielding sheets having a substantially symmetrical shape with respect to the line parallel to the longitudinal direction are in close contact with each other to form a bag shape This is a system for identifying damage to a double water-impervious sheet laid along the slant direction of the seawater between the intermediate protective layer and the seawater-side water-impervious sheet disposed almost entirely inside the double water-impervious sheet. Between the two or more internal electrodes and / or intermediate protective layers installed at predetermined intervals in the longitudinal direction of the double impermeable sheet in the portion located below the sea surface and the impermeable sheet on the revetment slope side When each wiring connected to each of the two or more internal electrodes installed at predetermined intervals in the longitudinal direction of the double water-impervious sheet in the portion located under the sea surface is drawn out in the sea Insulation and double impervious sheet In the case of being pulled out on land, the insulation is ensured and pulled out of the double water-impervious sheet, and includes a power supply unit that can apply a predetermined voltage and a measurement unit that can measure the current value. In the power supply device, the double impermeable sheet is laid in the sea and on the revetment slope. It is possible to identify whether the damaged hole is the seawater side or the revetment slope side, and the double impermeable sheet breakage that can estimate the position of the damaged hole. With a specific system,
At least the revetment slope of the waste sea surface disposal site where the edges of at least the part in contact with seawater around the pair of opposing water shielding sheets having a substantially symmetrical shape with respect to the line parallel to the longitudinal direction are in close contact with each other to form a bag shape This is a system for identifying damage to a double water-impervious sheet laid along the slant direction of the seawater between the intermediate protective layer and the seawater-side water-impervious sheet disposed almost entirely inside the double water-impervious sheet. Between the two or more internal electrodes and / or intermediate protective layers installed at predetermined intervals in the longitudinal direction of the double impermeable sheet in the portion located below the sea surface and the impermeable sheet on the revetment slope side When each wiring connected to each of the two or more internal electrodes installed at predetermined intervals in the longitudinal direction of the double water-impervious sheet in the portion located under the sea surface is drawn out in the sea Insulation and double impervious sheet In the case of being pulled out on land, the insulation is ensured and pulled out of the double water-impervious sheet, and includes a power supply unit that can apply a predetermined voltage and a measurement unit that can measure the current value. In addition, the wiring of the fixed external electrode installed in the sea or on the revetment slope where the double water-impervious sheet is laid on the power supply device is connected to be able to be energized or cut off, and the power supply device is connected to each internal electrode. A double water-insulating sheet breakage identification system capable of calculating the position of a damaged hole, characterized in that the wiring is connected to be able to energize for each internal electrode, or to be able to block all, or to be energized between internal electrodes, and
At least the revetment slope of the waste sea surface disposal site where the edges of at least the part in contact with seawater around the pair of opposing water shielding sheets having a substantially symmetrical shape with respect to the line parallel to the longitudinal direction are in close contact with each other to form a bag shape This is a system for identifying damage to a double water-impervious sheet laid along the slant direction of the seawater between the intermediate protective layer and the seawater-side water-impervious sheet disposed almost entirely inside the double water-impervious sheet. Between the two or more internal electrodes and / or intermediate protective layers installed at predetermined intervals in the longitudinal direction of the double impermeable sheet in the portion located below the sea surface and the impermeable sheet on the revetment slope side When each wiring connected to each of the two or more internal electrodes installed at predetermined intervals in the longitudinal direction of the double water-impervious sheet in the portion located under the sea surface is drawn out in the sea Insulation and double impervious sheet In the case of being pulled out on land, the insulation is ensured and pulled out of the double water-impervious sheet, and includes a power supply unit that can apply a predetermined voltage and a measurement unit that can measure the current value. The fixed external electrode wiring installed in the sea and on the revetment slope where the double water-impervious sheet is laid on the power supply device connected to each fixed external electrode can be energized or all can be disconnected, and the power supply Identify whether the damage hole is on the seawater side or the revetment slope side, where the wiring of each internal electrode is connected to the device so that it can be energized for each internal electrode, or all of the wiring can be interrupted, or between the internal electrodes A double water-proof sheet breakage identification system capable of calculating possible and damaged hole locations;
In the latter two double-water-proof sheet failure identification systems, the electrode part can be moved to a predetermined depth in the sea on the approximate vertical line of the calculated damage hole position. 3 or more movable external electrodes can be further provided, and the power supply device can be connected so that the movable external electrode wiring can be energized for each movable external electrode or all of the movable external electrodes can be energized or energized between the movable external electrodes. This is a system for identifying damage to a double waterproof sheet that can calculate the size of a damaged hole.

  Furthermore, if each internal electrode is installed at the center in the width direction of the intermediate protective layer in the double water-impervious sheet, no matter which side of the double water-impervious sheet is in the width direction, the measurement accuracy will be improved. It is preferable because a large bias is unlikely to occur, and if a water-permeable sheet is further provided in the double water-impervious sheet so that each internal electrode is disposed between the intermediate protective layer, the internal electrode is soiled or damaged. Can be reduced, which is preferable.

  In the double water-impervious sheet breakage identification system according to the present invention, at least the edge of a portion in contact with seawater around a pair of opposed water-impervious sheets having a substantially symmetrical shape with respect to a line parallel to the longitudinal direction is closely attached. This is a double water-impervious sheet breakage identification system that has a bag shape and is laid along the slope direction of at least the revetment slope of the waste sea surface disposal site. Two or more internal electrodes installed at predetermined intervals in the longitudinal direction of the double water-impervious sheet in a portion located between the intermediate protective layer and the sea-water-side water-impermeable sheet located below the sea surface, and / or Or two or more internal electrodes installed at predetermined intervals in the longitudinal direction of the double water-impervious sheet in a portion located between the intermediate protective layer and the water-impervious sheet on the revetment slope side and located below the sea surface Each connected wire is pulled out in the sea Insulating properties and the water-imperviousness of the double water-impervious sheet are drawn out on land. A fixed external electrode wiring installed in the sea or on the revetment slope where the double water-impervious sheet is laid is connected to a power supply device equipped with a power supply unit that can be applied and a measurement unit that can measure a current value. In addition, since the wiring of each internal electrode is connected to the power supply device so as to be energized for each internal electrode, it is easy depending on whether or not energization is possible between the fixed external electrode and any one internal electrode. The internal electrode with a large energization current value can be confirmed by checking the presence or absence of damage to the double water-impervious sheet and energizing the fixed external electrode for each internal electrode after confirming that there is a damage hole. Considered to be near the damage hole Because it is, can be damaged holes by comparing each electric current value is simply estimates whether the can where the double water shield sheet.

  When it is desired to specify the position of the damaged hole strictly, at least the edge of the portion in contact with seawater around the pair of opposing water shielding sheets having a substantially symmetrical shape with respect to the line parallel to the longitudinal direction is closely attached. It is a double water-impervious sheet breakage identification system that forms a bag and is laid along the slope direction of at least the revetment slope of the sea surface disposal site, and is deployed almost throughout the double water-impervious sheet. Two or more internal electrodes installed at predetermined intervals in the longitudinal direction of the double water-impervious sheet in a portion located between the intermediate protective layer and the water-impervious sheet on the seawater side and below the sea surface, and / or Connected to two or more internal electrodes installed at predetermined intervals in the longitudinal direction of the double water-impervious sheet between the intermediate protective layer and the water-impervious sheet on the side of the revetment slope. Each wiring that has been pulled out in the sea In this case, the insulation and the water-imperviousness of the double water-impervious sheet are pulled out on land. A power supply device with a power supply unit capable of measuring and a current-carrying current value can be measured. The double water-impervious sheet is connected to the power supply device so that the wiring of each internal electrode can be energized for each internal electrode or all of the wiring can be interrupted or energized between the internal electrodes. It is also possible to energize between three or more internal electrodes inside. Therefore, the resistance value of each internal electrode in the double waterproof sheet and the damage hole and each of which are unknown based on the results obtained by these many energizations. Inside between internal electrodes The resistance value can be calculated, and this internal resistance value is proportional to the distance from the damaged hole to each internal electrode inside the double waterproof sheet, so the distance between the damaged hole and each internal electrode can be calculated from each internal resistance value. By calculating, the position of the damaged hole can be calculated accurately.

  In addition to these effects, when fixed external electrodes are installed in the sea and on the revetment slope, the same internal electrode is energized with the fixed external electrode on the sea side and with the fixed external electrode on the revetment slope. It is possible to easily determine that a damage hole has occurred in the water shielding sheet on the fixed external electrode side where a large energization current value is measured by performing and comparing each energization current value.

  Further, in the case where the above-described three or more internal electrodes are provided and the wiring of the fixed external electrode is connected to the power supply device so as to be able to be energized or cut off, a predetermined vertical line on the calculated damage hole position is predetermined. 3 or more movable external electrodes that can move the electrode part to the depth of the sea, and the movable external electrode wiring can be energized for each movable external electrode or all of the movable external electrodes can be cut off or movable external If the electrodes are connected so that they can be energized, in addition to the energization between the fixed external electrode and the internal electrode and the energization between the internal electrodes, the energization between the external electrodes by the fixed external electrode and the movable external electrode is performed. Double resistance can be obtained because it is possible to calculate all resistance values except for the resistance values of damaged holes, which can be newly performed and newly obtained resistance values in the sea. Sheet The resistance value of the damaged hole is calculated by subtracting each resistance value other than the resistance value of the damaged hole from the total of all resistance values separately calculated by energizing inside and outside, and the damage value is determined according to the damaged hole resistance value. The hole size can also be calculated.

  In addition, when each internal electrode is installed at the center in the width direction of the intermediate protective layer in the double water-impervious sheet, no matter which side of the double water-impervious sheet is in the width direction, In the case where a water-permeable sheet is further provided in the double water-impervious sheet so that a large deviation in accuracy is unlikely to occur and each internal electrode is disposed between the intermediate protective layer, Damage can be reduced.

Hereinafter, the damage identifying system for a double water-impervious sheet according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a perspective explanatory view of one embodiment of a double water-insulating sheet breakage identification system according to the present invention in which two internal electrodes are installed. FIG. 2 shows the structure of the double water-insulating sheet shown in FIG. Cross-sectional explanatory drawing,
3 is a front explanatory view of an embodiment of the double water-impervious sheet according to the present invention, FIG. 4 is a circuit explanatory view between internal electrodes of the double water-impervious sheet in FIG. 3, and FIG. 6 is a circuit explanatory diagram between the internal electrode and the fixed external electrode of the water sheet, FIG. 6 is a circuit explanatory diagram between the movable external electrodes of the double water-impervious sheet in FIG. 3, and FIG. FIG. 8 is a schematic explanatory diagram showing the relationship between the size of the damaged hole and the resistance of the damaged hole, between the internal electrode and the movable external electrode.

  In the drawings, reference numeral 1 denotes a sea surface of waste, which forms a bag shape by adhering at least the edges of a portion of a pair of water-impervious sheets 1a that are substantially symmetrical with respect to a line parallel to the longitudinal direction and in contact with seawater. It is a double water-impervious sheet laid along the slope direction of at least the revetment slope of the disposal site. As the water shielding sheet 1a of the double water shielding sheet 1, a substantially rectangular shape, a substantially isosceles triangular shape, a substantially isosceles trapezoidal shape, or the like can be used.

  2 is an intermediate protective layer that is disposed almost entirely inside the double water-impervious sheet 1, and the intermediate protective layer 2 may be composed of a single substance, non-woven fabric, urethane sheet, viscous soil (bentonite), or the like. Various combinations may be used, and the configuration is not particularly limited. However, since the double water-impervious sheet 1 is installed in the sea with high buoyancy, a sheet having a relatively high specific gravity can be preferably used.

  3 is between the intermediate protective layer 2 and the seawater-side water-impervious sheet 1a, and each of the two or more installed at predetermined intervals in the longitudinal direction of the double water-impervious sheet 1 in the portion located below the sea surface Between the internal electrode and / or the intermediate protective layer 2 and the water-impervious sheet 1a on the revetment slope side, the double water-impervious sheet 1 is installed at predetermined intervals in the longitudinal direction in the portion located below the sea surface. Two or more internal electrodes, and each wiring connected to the internal electrode 3 has an insulating property and a waterproof property of the double water-impervious sheet 1 when drawn out in the sea. In this case, the insulation is ensured, and the double water-impervious sheet 1 is pulled out and connected to a power supply device 5 described later. Moreover, when each internal electrode 3 is installed in the width direction center part of the intermediate | middle protective layer 2 in the double impermeable sheet 1, even if a damage hole arises in which side of the width direction of the double impermeable sheet 1, It is preferable because a large deviation in measurement accuracy is unlikely to occur.

  Reference numeral 4 denotes a fixed external electrode installed in the sea and / or on the revetment slope where the double water-impervious sheet 1 is laid. The wiring of the fixed external electrode 4 is connected to a power supply device 5 described later.

Reference numeral 5 denotes a power supply device including a power supply unit 5a capable of applying a predetermined voltage and a measurement unit 5b capable of measuring an energization current value, to which the wirings of the internal electrodes 3 and the wirings of the fixed external electrodes 4 are respectively connected. . The power supply device 5 is connected to a large number of electrode wirings. Since the current value is measured by passing between two electrodes, which electrode is energized or cut off. Is important.
Therefore, in the case of a system in which only the fixed external electrode 4 and the internal electrode 3 are energized and the position of the damaged hole is simply estimated based on the magnitude of the energization current value (claims 1 and 2), The electrode 3 is not blocked, or all the fixed external electrodes 4 are not blocked. On the other hand, in the case of a system that strictly calculates the position of the damaged hole (Claims 3 and 4), energization between the internal electrodes 3 and 3 and between the external electrodes 4 and 4 is required. These external electrodes 4 or all the internal electrodes 3 can be cut off.

  Reference numeral 6 denotes a movable external electrode that can move the electrode portion to a predetermined depth in the sea on a substantially vertical line of the calculated position of the damaged hole. The wiring of the movable external electrode 6 can be energized for each movable external electrode 6 or All of them are connected to the power supply device 5 so that they can be shut off or can be energized between the movable external electrodes 6. This movable external electrode 6 is an external electrode that is used after the position of the damaged hole is strictly calculated, and may be always installed, but it is moved to the double water-impervious sheet 1 in which the damaged hole is generated. It is preferable that

  7 is a water-permeable sheet so that each internal electrode 3 is disposed between the intermediate protective layer 2 and the water-permeable sheet 7 is provided in the double water-impervious sheet 1. If this water-permeable sheet 7 is further provided, it is more preferable because dirt and damage of each internal electrode 3 can be reduced.

The present invention includes a system (Claims 1 and 2) for simply energizing between the internal electrode 3 and the fixed external electrode 4 and simply estimating the position of the damaged hole based on the magnitude of the energization current value, and the internal electrode 3. In addition to energization between the external electrode 4 and the fixed external electrode 4, the internal electrodes 3 and 3 are energized to calculate various resistance values and precisely calculate the position of the damaged hole (claims 3 and 4). is there.
A system (Claims 1 and 2) for easily estimating the position of a damaged hole includes each internal electrode 3 installed inside the double water-proof sheet 1 and a fixed external installed outside the double water-proof sheet 1. It is only necessary to energize between the electrodes 4 and measure and compare their energization current values, and the position of the damaged hole can be estimated very simply. First, an embodiment of a system for easily estimating the position of the damaged hole (claims 1 and 2) will be described below as a first embodiment.

In general, a double water-impervious sheet 1 having a length of several tens of meters in the longitudinal direction and a length of several meters in the width direction is often used. Since it is very difficult to repeat the test while changing the position of the damaged hole, a relatively small double-layer impermeable sheet 1 having a length in the longitudinal direction of 3 m and a length in the width direction of 0.8 m is manufactured. The experiment was conducted.
As shown in FIG. 3, four internal electrodes 3 are arranged on the sea surface side of the intermediate protective layer 2, and the internal electrode 3 (hereinafter referred to as the first electrode) located closest to the seabed when the double water-impervious sheet 1 is installed in the sea. One internal electrode) is arranged at a position of 0.2 m in the longitudinal direction from the lower end, and the second internal electrode 3, the third internal electrode 3 and the fourth internal electrode are spaced by 0.7 m from the first internal electrode 3. 3 and a 1 cm square square damage at an intermediate point between the first internal electrode 3 and the second internal electrode 3, that is, at a point 0.35 m away from each of the first internal electrode 3 and the second internal electrode 3. An experiment was conducted using a double water-impervious sheet 1 in which holes were provided and the wiring of each internal electrode 3 was drawn from the upper end side located on the sea surface.

  Using such a double water-impervious sheet 1, a DC voltage of 5 volts was applied as a specified voltage between the internal electrode 3 and the fixed external electrode 4, and the current value was measured. The results are shown in Table 1.

  From the above experimental results, it is found that the damaged hole is present in the vicinity of the first internal electrode 3 and the second internal electrode 3 and is substantially equidistant from the first internal electrode 3 and the second internal electrode 3. It can be seen that there is a damaged hole at a position as shown in FIG.

  Next, in the system (Claims 3 and 4) for strictly calculating the position of the damaged hole, the energization current value between the internal electrode 3 and the fixed external electrode 4 and the energization current value between the internal electrodes 3 and 3 are calculated. After the measurement, processing such as calculating various resistance values is required. Then, various resistance values are calculated from the measured energization current values (Example 2), and the process (Example 3) for strictly calculating the position of the damaged hole is shown together with the examples as follows. A process for calculating the size of the damaged hole using this embodiment is also shown (Example 4).

  First, the same double water-impervious sheet 1 as in Example 1 is used, and a DC voltage of 5 volts is applied between the internal electrodes 3 and 3 of the double water-impervious sheet 1 as shown in FIG. The energization current value was measured. Here, the electric circuit formed when the first internal electrode 3 and the second internal electrode 3 are energized is expressed by the following equation according to Ohm's law.

        V (5 volts) / I (measured value) = Re1 + Re2 + 0.7 · rd (1)

The specified voltage V is a known value, and the energization current value I is obtained as a measured value, so that it is a known value. Re1 and Re2 are the resistance value of the first internal electrode 3 and the resistance value of the second internal electrode 3, respectively. It is unknown. rd is a resistance value per unit length inside the double water-impervious sheet 1 into which seawater has infiltrated due to a damaged hole, and this rd is a distance between the first internal electrode 3 and the second internal electrode 3 ( 0.7 · rd multiplied by 0.7 m) is an internal resistance value Rd between the first internal electrode 3 and the second internal electrode 3. Thus, in the above equation (1), three of Re1, Re2, and rd are unknowns.
The formula (1) between the two internal electrodes 3 and 3 as described above is such that when there are four internal electrodes 3, there are six combinations of the two internal electrodes 3. 6 stands. In addition, there are five unknowns from the six equations because the unknowns are the resistance values Re1 to Re4 of each internal electrode 3 and the resistance value rd per unit length inside the double impermeable sheet 1. These can be solved by using.

  In addition, since each resistance value Re1-Re4 of the internal electrode 3 actually calculated by this experiment became the substantially same value, these are collectively shown below as an average value and its standard deviation, and double waterproof sheet 1 Similarly, the average value and standard deviation of the internal resistance value rd per unit length are shown below.

  As described above, the resistance value Re (Re1 to Re4) of each internal electrode 3 is obtained by energizing between the internal electrodes 3 and 3 and substituting the energization current value into the equation (1) to solve the simultaneous equations. ) And the resistance value rd per unit length inside the double water-impervious sheet 1 can be calculated. As described above, the resistance value Re of each internal electrode 3 has a smaller standard deviation (1.51Ω) and less variation than its average value (11.4Ω). If Re4 is not an independent unknown, but is solved as a single variable Re, it can be solved more easily.

Next, electricity is passed between the internal electrode 3 and the fixed external electrode 4, and the electric circuit at that time is expressed by the equation (1), and each resistance of the internal electrode 3 obtained in Example 2 is obtained. An attempt was made to calculate an internal resistance value between the damaged hole and each internal electrode 3 by substituting values Re1 to Re4 (Re) and the like. Moreover, since each calculated internal resistance value is proportional to the distance from the damaged hole to each internal electrode 3 inside the double water-impervious sheet 1, the distance between the damaged hole and each internal electrode 3 is calculated, The position of the damaged hole was calculated strictly.
First, using the double water-impervious sheet 1, as in the case of energization between the internal electrodes 3, 3, a specified voltage of 5 volts is provided between the internal electrode 3 and the fixed external electrode 4 as shown in FIG. 5. A DC voltage was applied. Here, an electrical circuit that is energized between the first internal electrode 3 and the fixed external electrode 4 can be expressed by the following equation according to Ohm's law.

  V (5 volts) / I (measured value) = Re1 + Rd1 + R (2)

The specified voltage V is a known value, the energization current value I is obtained as a measured value, and thus becomes a known value, and the resistance value Re1 of the first internal electrode 3 is also obtained from the energization result between the internal electrodes 3 and 3. This is a known value. On the other hand, the internal resistance value Rd1 from the damaged hole to the first internal electrode 3 is unknown. Further, the resistance value generated outside the double impermeable sheet 1 includes a resistance value Ra of the fixed external electrode 4, a resistance value Rb outside the double impermeable sheet 1 (seawater, etc.), and a resistance value Rc of the damaged hole. R (= Ra + Rb + Rc), which is the sum of these values, is also unknown.
Next, when the four internal electrodes 3 are used as in the present embodiment, the equation such as the above equation (2) is established for each internal electrode 3, so that there are four such equations as the above equation (2). There are five unknowns: the internal resistance values Rd1 to Rd4 from the damaged hole to each internal electrode 3, and the total resistance value R of the external resistance value of the double water-impervious sheet 1.
Here, as shown in FIG. 3, the sum of the distance from the first internal electrode 3 to the damaged hole and the distance from the damaged hole to the fourth internal electrode 3 directly connects the first internal electrode 3 and the fourth internal electrode 3. Is equal to the distance. This relationship holds true for the internal resistance value proportional to the distance inside the double water-impervious sheet 1 as well, and the internal resistance value Rd1 up to the first internal electrode 3 and the damage hole to the fourth internal electrode 3 The sum of the internal resistance value Rd4 is equal to the internal resistance value in the double water-impervious sheet 1 directly connecting the first internal electrode 3 and the fourth internal electrode 3, that is, 0.7 m × 3 × rd. Since it is obtained from Example 2, 0.7 m × 3 × rd is known, and the relational expressions for Rd1 and Rd4 can be expressed as follows.

  Rd1 + Rd4 = 0.7 × 3 × rd (3)

  If the current is measured between the internal electrode 3 and the fixed external electrode 4 and the current value is measured as described above, five formulas are established as in the above formulas (2) and (3), and the unknowns are also internal. The resistance values Rd1 to Rd4 and the total resistance value R outside the double waterproof sheet 1 can be easily solved. Table 3 shows internal resistance values Rd1 to Rd4 of each internal electrode 3.

  By dividing the internal resistance values Rd1 to Rd4 from the damaged hole thus obtained to each internal electrode 3 by the resistance value rd per unit length in Table 2 above, the distance from the damaged hole to each internal electrode 3 is obtained. The distance is obtained and the position of the damaged hole can be calculated precisely. The results are shown in Table 4.

  In the above result, the error from the experimental values of the first internal electrode 3, the second internal electrode 3, the third internal electrode 3 and the fourth internal electrode 3 is small. It was found that it was present in the vicinity of the second internal electrode 3 and the approximate distance from the internal electrode 3, and it was possible to accurately calculate that there was a damage hole at the position as shown in FIG.

Next, when calculating the size of the damaged hole, using the fact that the smaller the damaged hole, the higher the electrical resistance, calculating the damaged hole resistance value Rc and calculating the size of the damaged hole (claim) Item 5). At that time, since it is very difficult to directly measure or directly calculate the resistance value Rc of the damaged hole, the resistance value Rc of the damaged hole is indirectly calculated.
First, when the fixed external electrode 4 and the internal electrode 3 are energized as shown in FIG. 5, the total resistance value (Ra + Rb + Rc + Rd + Re) on the right side is represented by the specified voltage V on the left side. Then, calculate from the measured current value I, and then calculate all the resistance values (Ra, Rb, Rd, Re) other than the resistance value Rc of the damage hole on the right side individually, and damage from the total resistance value. The resistance value Rc of the damaged hole is calculated by subtracting each resistance value other than the resistance value Rc of the hole.

  V (5 volts) / I (measured value) = Ra + Rb + Rc + Rd + Re (4)

  Here, the resistance value Rd inside the double water-impervious sheet 1 and the resistance value Re of the internal electrode 3 are the electric currents generated by the energization between the internal electrodes 3 and 3 and the energization between the internal electrode 3 and the fixed external electrode 4. It has already been obtained in the second and third embodiments by solving the equations representing the circuit simultaneously. Similarly, the resistance value Ra of the fixed external electrode 4 and the resistance value Rb of the outside of the double impermeable sheet 1 (seawater, etc.), which are the resistance values outside the double impermeable sheet 1, are plural outside the double impermeable sheet 1. The movable external electrodes 6 are arranged side by side, and the movable external electrodes 6 and 6 are energized, and the internal electrode 3 and the external electrode (4 or 6) are energized as in the third embodiment. It can be obtained by calculating as in 2 and Example 3. The results are shown in Table 5.

  As described above, among the total resistance values (Ra + Rb + Rc + Rd + Re), resistance values (Ra, Rb, Rd, Re) other than the resistance value Rc of the damaged hole were obtained as shown in Table 2, Table 3, and Table 5, respectively. The total resistance value (Ra + Rb + Rc + Rd + Re) on the right side of Equation (4) is calculated from the specified voltage V on the left side and the measured energization current value I, and the resistance values (Ra, Rb) other than the resistance value Rc of the damaged hole are calculated from this total resistance value. , Rd, Re), the resistance value Rc of the damaged hole can be calculated. Therefore, in this embodiment, further, damage holes of various sizes are provided, and the resistance value Rc is calculated for each damage hole. The smaller the damage hole, the larger the resistance value Rc is calculated. It shows that the presence or absence of repair can be accurately determined from the resistance value Rc.

  In addition to the square damage hole of 1 cm square, 0.1 cm square, 0.3 cm square, 0.5 cm square, 2 cm square, 3 cm square, 5 cm at the intermediate point between the first internal electrode 3 and the second internal electrode 3 Four square, 10 cm square, 20 cm square, and 30 cm square square holes were sequentially provided, and the resistance value Rc was calculated. The experimental results are shown in FIG.

FIG. 8 clearly shows that the resistance value Rc of the damaged hole is inversely proportional to the size of the damaged hole.
In addition, when the damaged hole area is less than 1 cm ² (0.1 cm square, 0.3 cm square, 0.5 cm square damaged holes), the resistance value Rc of the damaged hole appears as a very large value. It can be seen that the error is large. In the case of such a size, the error is relatively large, but since the value of the resistance value Rc of the damaged hole is calculated as a very large value, it can be easily determined that the damaged hole is very small. It is very significant that the necessity of repair can be determined after grasping such a small damage hole.
Next, 1 to 10 cm ² approximately injury hole for the determination of whether performing the repair (1cm square, 2 cm square, the damage holes of 3cm square) is required, the need to calculate as accurately as possible the size is there. As shown in FIG. 8, a damaged hole having such a size has a value of about 20 to 40Ω, and it is considered to have a beautiful curve as shown in FIG. It is very important to be able to judge accurately and to select an appropriate repair method.
If the size of the damaged hole exceeds 10 cm ² (5 cm square, 10 cm square, 20 cm square, and 30 cm square damaged holes), it is usually necessary to repair the damaged hole. The resistance value Rc of the damaged hole appears very small. If the resistance value Rc of the damaged hole is calculated with such a very small value, it can be considered that there is no error when the damaged hole is not generated, but the size of the damaged hole is calculated with the internal electrode 3 and the fixed external electrode. 4 is performed after confirming that a damaged hole has been generated by energizing the power source 4, there is no possibility of an error when no damaged hole is generated. Therefore, if the calculated resistance value Rc of the damaged hole is a value close to zero, it can be easily understood that a large damaged hole has occurred and repair is necessary.

As described above, since the present invention can calculate a position of a damaged hole by analyzing a small amount of data, it is particularly suitable for a waste sea surface disposal site that receives severe external effects such as tides and waves. In addition to being able to easily estimate the position of the damaged hole (Claims 1 and 2), in addition to the energization between the internal electrode 3 and the fixed external electrode 4, the internal electrodes 3 and 3 are energized. By calculating various resistance values, the position of the damaged hole can be calculated strictly (Claims 3 and 4), and the size of the damaged hole can also be calculated (Claim 5).
Note that the analysis method shown in the embodiment is merely an example, and the present invention is not necessarily limited to this analysis method, and any analysis method may be used as long as it is a similar analysis method.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a perspective explanatory view of one embodiment of a double water-impervious sheet breakage identification system according to the present invention in which two internal electrodes are installed. It is sectional explanatory drawing which shows the structure of the double water-impervious sheet shown in FIG. It is front explanatory drawing of 1 Example of the double water-impervious sheet concerning this invention. It is circuit explanatory drawing between the internal electrodes of the double water-proof sheet | seat in FIG. It is a circuit explanatory drawing between the internal electrode and fixed external electrode of the double water-impervious sheet in FIG. It is circuit explanatory drawing between the movable external electrodes of the double water-impervious sheet in FIG. It is a circuit explanatory drawing between the internal electrode and movable external electrode of the double water-impervious sheet in FIG. It is a schematic explanatory drawing which shows the relationship between the magnitude | size of a damaged hole, and damaged hole resistance.

Explanation of symbols

1 Double waterproof sheet
1a Water shielding sheet 2 Intermediate protective layer 3 Internal electrode 4 Fixed external electrode 5 Power supply device
5a Power supply
5b Measuring section 6 Movable external electrode 7 Water permeable sheet

Claims (7)

The edge of at least the part in contact with seawater around the pair of opposing water-impervious sheets (1a) having a substantially symmetrical shape with respect to a line parallel to the longitudinal direction is in close contact with each other to form a bag, and the waste sea surface disposal site A system for identifying damage to a double water-impervious sheet (1) laid at least along the slope direction of a revetment slope,
Double water-blocking at the part located between the intermediate protective layer (2) and the sea-water-side water-blocking sheet (1a) located almost entirely inside the double water-proof sheet (1). Between the two or more internal electrodes (3) and / or intermediate protective layer (2) installed at predetermined intervals in the longitudinal direction of the sheet (1) and the water shielding sheet (1a) on the revetment slope side Each wiring connected to each of the two or more internal electrodes (3) installed at predetermined intervals in the longitudinal direction of the double water-impervious sheet (1) in the portion located below the sea surface is underwater. When it is pulled out, the insulation and the water imperviousness of the double water-impervious sheet (1) are secured, and when it is pulled out on land, the insulation is ensured, and the double water-impervious sheet (1) goes outside. And has been drawn
Underwater or revetment where a double water-impervious sheet (1) is laid on a power supply device (5) equipped with a power supply unit (5a) capable of applying a predetermined voltage and a measurement unit (5b) capable of measuring an energization current value The wiring of the fixed external electrode (4) installed on the slope is connected, and the wiring of each internal electrode (3) is connected to the power supply device (5) so that each internal electrode (3) can be energized. A system for identifying breakage of a double water-impervious sheet capable of estimating the position of a damaged hole. The edge of at least the part in contact with seawater around the pair of opposing water-impervious sheets (1a) having a substantially symmetrical shape with respect to a line parallel to the longitudinal direction is in close contact with each other to form a bag, and the waste sea surface disposal site A system for identifying damage to a double water-impervious sheet (1) laid at least along the slope direction of a revetment slope,
Double water-blocking at the part located between the intermediate protective layer (2) and the sea-water-side water-blocking sheet (1a) located almost entirely inside the double water-proof sheet (1). Between the two or more internal electrodes (3) and / or intermediate protective layer (2) installed at predetermined intervals in the longitudinal direction of the sheet (1) and the water shielding sheet (1a) on the revetment slope side Each wiring connected to each of the two or more internal electrodes (3) installed at predetermined intervals in the longitudinal direction of the double water-impervious sheet (1) in the portion located below the sea surface is underwater. When it is pulled out, the insulation and the water imperviousness of the double water-impervious sheet (1) are secured, and when it is pulled out on land, the insulation is ensured, and the double water-impervious sheet (1) goes outside. And has been drawn
Underwater and revetment where a double water-impervious sheet (1) is laid on a power supply device (5) equipped with a power supply unit (5a) capable of applying a predetermined voltage and a measurement unit (5b) capable of measuring an energization current value The wiring of the fixed external electrode (4) installed on the slope is connected to each fixed external electrode (4) so that energization is possible, and the wiring of each internal electrode (3) is internally connected to the power supply device (5). Damage detection system for double impermeable sheet that can identify whether the damaged hole is on the seawater side or the revetment slope side, and is capable of estimating the position of the damaged hole. . The edge of at least the part in contact with seawater around the pair of opposing water-impervious sheets (1a) having a substantially symmetrical shape with respect to a line parallel to the longitudinal direction is in close contact with each other to form a bag, and the waste sea surface disposal site A system for identifying damage to a double water-impervious sheet (1) laid at least along the slope direction of a revetment slope,
Double water-blocking at the part located between the intermediate protective layer (2) and the sea-water-side water-blocking sheet (1a) located almost entirely inside the double water-proof sheet (1). Between the two or more internal electrodes (3) and / or intermediate protective layer (2) installed at predetermined intervals in the longitudinal direction of the sheet (1) and the water shielding sheet (1a) on the revetment slope side Each wiring connected to each of the two or more internal electrodes (3) installed at predetermined intervals in the longitudinal direction of the double water-impervious sheet (1) in the portion located below the sea surface is underwater. When it is pulled out, the insulation and the water imperviousness of the double water-impervious sheet (1) are secured, and when it is pulled out on land, the insulation is ensured, and the double water-impervious sheet (1) goes outside. And has been drawn
Underwater or revetment where a double water-impervious sheet (1) is laid on a power supply device (5) equipped with a power supply unit (5a) capable of applying a predetermined voltage and a measurement unit (5b) capable of measuring an energization current value The wiring of the fixed external electrode (4) installed on the slope is connected to be able to be energized or cut off, and the wiring of each internal electrode (3) is connected to the power supply device (5) for each internal electrode (3). A double water-proof sheet breakage identification system capable of calculating the position of a damaged hole, characterized in that it can be energized or can be entirely shut off, or connected between the internal electrodes (3). The edge of at least the part in contact with seawater around the pair of opposing water-impervious sheets (1a) having a substantially symmetrical shape with respect to a line parallel to the longitudinal direction is in close contact with each other to form a bag, and the waste sea surface disposal site A system for identifying damage to a double water-impervious sheet (1) laid at least along the slope direction of a revetment slope,
Double water-blocking at the part located between the intermediate protective layer (2) and the sea-water-side water-blocking sheet (1a) located almost entirely inside the double water-proof sheet (1). Between the two or more internal electrodes (3) and / or intermediate protective layer (2) installed at predetermined intervals in the longitudinal direction of the sheet (1) and the water shielding sheet (1a) on the revetment slope side Each wiring connected to each of the two or more internal electrodes (3) installed at predetermined intervals in the longitudinal direction of the double water-impervious sheet (1) in the portion located below the sea surface is underwater. When it is pulled out, the insulation and the water imperviousness of the double water-impervious sheet (1) are secured, and when it is pulled out on land, the insulation is ensured, and the double water-impervious sheet (1) goes outside. And has been drawn
Underwater and revetment where a double water-impervious sheet (1) is laid on a power supply device (5) equipped with a power supply unit (5a) capable of applying a predetermined voltage and a measurement unit (5b) capable of measuring an energization current value The wires of the fixed external electrodes (4) installed on the slopes are connected to each fixed external electrode (4) so that they can be energized or all can be cut off, and each internal electrode (3) is connected to the power supply device (5). ) Is connected to each internal electrode (3) so that it can be energized or all can be interrupted, or between the internal electrodes (3). Damage detection system for double waterproof sheet that can be identified and position of damaged holes can be estimated.   Three or more movable external electrodes (6) that can move the electrode part to a predetermined depth in the sea on a substantially vertical line at the calculated position of the damaged hole are further provided, and the movable external electrode (5) is provided in the power supply device (5). 6. The wiring of 6) can be energized for each movable external electrode (6) or all can be cut off, or can be energized between the movable external electrodes (6), and the size of the damaged hole can be calculated. Or the damage identification system of the double waterproof sheet as described in 4.   The double shield according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein each internal electrode (3) is installed at the center in the width direction of the intermediate protective layer (2) in the double waterproof sheet (1). Water sheet breakage identification system.   The water-permeable sheet (7) is further provided in the double water-impervious sheet (1) so that each internal electrode (3) is arranged between the intermediate protective layer (2). The damage identification system of the double water-impervious sheet according to any one of the above.

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