JP2008069798A - Metal seal and method of manufacturing it - Google Patents

Metal seal and method of manufacturing it Download PDF

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JP2008069798A
JP2008069798A JP2006246575A JP2006246575A JP2008069798A JP 2008069798 A JP2008069798 A JP 2008069798A JP 2006246575 A JP2006246575 A JP 2006246575A JP 2006246575 A JP2006246575 A JP 2006246575A JP 2008069798 A JP2008069798 A JP 2008069798A
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aluminum
seal
metal layer
layer
soft metal
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JP4822995B2 (en
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Takeshi Ikeda
毅 池田
Takahiro Kariya
隆広 假屋
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Mitsubishi Cable Industries Ltd
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Mitsubishi Cable Industries Ltd
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Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an inexpensive metal seal suitable for sealing high vacuum. <P>SOLUTION: This metal seal comprises a stainless steel seal body 1 and an aluminum flexible metal layer 3 adhered, by a thermal spraying, to members 21, 22 to be sealed at contact portions E brought into contact with the seal body 1 in an installed use state and softened by a heat treatment. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2008,JPO&INPIT

Description

本発明はメタルシールに係り、特に、高真空又は高圧用に好適なメタルシールに関する。   The present invention relates to a metal seal, and more particularly to a metal seal suitable for high vacuum or high pressure.

従来から、半導体製造装置等ではガス非透過性の点からメタルシールが用いられる場合が多く、耐食性金属としてのステンレス鋼に、金や銀等の軟質金属メッキを表面に被覆したものが知られている(例えば、特許文献1参照)。
実開昭62−28959号公報
Conventionally, metal seals are often used from the point of gas impermeability in semiconductor manufacturing equipment, etc., and stainless steel as a corrosion-resistant metal is coated with a soft metal plating such as gold or silver on the surface. (For example, refer to Patent Document 1).
Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 62-28959

しかし、金メッキや銀メッキ等の貴金属のメッキはコストが高く、特に、銀は半導体製造装置に用いられる腐食性ガスと反応しやすく使用できない。
このような腐食性ガスを密封する材料としては、ステンレス鋼とアルミニウム(又はアルミニウム合金)が好適である。
そこで、ステンレス鋼の表面にアルミニウム又はアルミニウム合金をメッキして、相手の被シール部材に対して軟質のアルミニウム又はアルミニウム合金を接触させることで、「なじみ」を良好に維持し、密封性能を高めることは理想的であるとしても、実用上、アルミニウム系金属をステンレス鋼にメッキする安価な方法は知られていない(至難乃至不可能である)。
However, the plating of noble metals such as gold plating and silver plating is expensive, and in particular, silver reacts easily with corrosive gas used in semiconductor manufacturing equipment and cannot be used.
As a material for sealing such corrosive gas, stainless steel and aluminum (or aluminum alloy) are suitable.
Therefore, by plating aluminum or aluminum alloy on the surface of stainless steel and bringing soft aluminum or aluminum alloy into contact with the other member to be sealed, the "familiarity" is maintained well and the sealing performance is improved. Although it is ideal, no inexpensive method for plating aluminum-based metal on stainless steel is known in practice (very difficult or impossible).

そこで、本発明は、腐食性ガスを用いる半導体製造装置等で一般的に用いられる構造材料であるところのステンレス鋼とアルミニウム(又はアルミニウム合金)だけから構成されるメタルシールを優れたメタルシール性能を発揮するものとして提供すること、及び、安価に製造することを、目的とする。   Therefore, the present invention provides an excellent metal seal performance with a metal seal composed only of stainless steel and aluminum (or aluminum alloy), which is a structural material generally used in semiconductor manufacturing equipment using a corrosive gas. The purpose is to provide it as a product to be exhibited and to manufacture it at low cost.

上記目的を達成するため、本発明に係るメタルシールは、ステンレス鋼製のシール本体と、装着使用状態で被シール部材に該シール本体が接触する接触部位に溶射にて付着されると共に熱処理にて軟化させたアルミニウム系軟質金属層とを、具備する。
また、上記アルミニウム系軟質金属層は、上記溶射の後に研磨にて表面が平滑に形成されている。さらに、好ましくは、上記アルミニウム系軟質金属層は、その厚さ寸法が5μm〜 100μmであり、かつ、ビッカース硬度が20〜50である。なお、溶射の前工程として、ステンレス鋼製シールの溶射予定部位にサンドブラスト,ショットブラスト等により粗面化加工を施しても良い。
In order to achieve the above object, a metal seal according to the present invention is attached by thermal spraying to a seal body made of stainless steel and a contact portion where the seal body comes into contact with a member to be sealed in a mounted and used state. And a softened aluminum-based soft metal layer.
The aluminum-based soft metal layer has a smooth surface formed by polishing after the thermal spraying. More preferably, the aluminum-based soft metal layer has a thickness dimension of 5 μm to 100 μm and a Vickers hardness of 20 to 50. As a pre-spraying process, the surface of the stainless steel seal to be sprayed may be roughened by sandblasting, shot blasting, or the like.

また、本発明に係るメタルシールの製法は、ステンレス鋼の素材又は中間製品又は最終形状のシール本体に、アルミニウム又はアルミニウム合金を溶射してアルミニウム系溶射層を付着し、次に研磨工程によって上記溶射層の表面を平滑化し、次に熱処理工程によって上記溶射層を軟化させて軟質金属層とする方法である。また、上記軟質金属層を、被シール部材に上記シール本体が接触する接触部位に重点的に厚く形成する。   In addition, the metal seal manufacturing method according to the present invention is a method in which aluminum or an aluminum alloy is sprayed on a stainless steel material or intermediate product or a final shape seal body to adhere an aluminum-based sprayed layer, and then the above-mentioned spraying is performed by a polishing process. In this method, the surface of the layer is smoothed and then the sprayed layer is softened by a heat treatment step to form a soft metal layer. Further, the soft metal layer is formed thickly on the contact part where the seal body contacts the member to be sealed.

本発明は、次のような著大な効果を奏する。
本発明に係るメタルシールは、半導体製造装置等に用いた場合、腐食性ガスにも十分な耐食性を備え、相手部材(被シール部材)となじみ易く、優れたシール性能を発揮して、高真空(又は、逆に高圧)用に好適である。従来の金メッキや銀メッキのものに比較して、安価である。
The present invention has the following remarkable effects.
The metal seal according to the present invention has sufficient corrosion resistance to corrosive gas when used in a semiconductor manufacturing apparatus or the like, is easily compatible with a mating member (member to be sealed), exhibits excellent sealing performance, and has a high vacuum. (Or conversely high pressure). Compared to conventional gold plating or silver plating, it is inexpensive.

また、本発明に係るメタルシールの製法によれば、研磨工程によってメタルシールに付着した容射層の表面が十分に平滑化して、特に、高真空用シールとしても十分に優れた密封性(シール性)を発揮する。しかも、熱処理工程によって軟化して軟質金属層として、相手部材(被シール部材)となみじ易く、一層、優秀な密封性(シール性)を有するメタルシールが安価に得られる。   In addition, according to the metal seal manufacturing method of the present invention, the surface of the spray layer adhering to the metal seal is sufficiently smoothed by the polishing process, and in particular, the sealing performance (seal that is sufficiently excellent as a high vacuum seal) ). In addition, the metal seal is softened by the heat treatment process and easily becomes a mating member (member to be sealed) as a soft metal layer, and a metal seal having a further excellent sealing property (sealing property) can be obtained at a low cost.

以下、図示の実施の形態に基づき本発明を詳説する。
図1,図2及び図3は、本発明の実施の一形態を示し、図1は自由状態(未装着状態)の全体の断面図、図2は装着使用状態の要部拡大断面図、図3はその製法の一例を示す説明図であり、この図1〜図3に於て、本発明に係るメタルシールSは、ステンレス鋼製のシール本体1と、アルミニウム系軟質金属層3とを、具備する。
シール本体1は、ステンレス鋼の薄板状素材5からプレス加工(塑性加工)により形成される場合を例示している。このメタルシールSは、全体が円形,略矩形,多角形,長円形,楕円形等の環状であって、相互に平行な第1平坦面部11を有する被シール部材21と第2平坦面部12を有する被シール部材22との間に、介装される。
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail based on the illustrated embodiment.
1, 2 and 3 show an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 1 is an overall cross-sectional view in a free state (unmounted state), and FIG. 2 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of a main part in a mounted and used state. 3 is an explanatory view showing an example of the production method. In FIGS. 1 to 3, the metal seal S according to the present invention comprises a stainless steel seal body 1 and an aluminum-based soft metal layer 3. It has.
The seal body 1 is illustrated as being formed from a stainless steel thin plate material 5 by press working (plastic working). The metal seal S has a circular shape, a substantially rectangular shape, a polygonal shape, an oval shape, an oval shape or the like, and includes a sealed member 21 having a first flat surface portion 11 and a second flat surface portion 12 which are parallel to each other. It is interposed between the member 22 to be sealed.

さらに、このメタルシールSは、中間基部13と、第1平坦面部11に接触する第1接触凸部14と、第2平坦面部12に接触する第2接触凸部15と、を有し、第1接触凸部14は内径寄りに、第2接触凸部15は外径寄りに、相互に内外径側に相違させて配設される。具体的には、第1接触凸部14を有する内周縁16と、拡径テーパ壁状の中間基部13と、第2接触凸部15を有する外周縁17は、同一肉厚寸法で緩やかに弯曲した断面S字状である。なお、肉厚寸法は後述の製造工程の影響で僅かに大小変化する場合もあり、又は、意識的に肉厚寸法を大小相違させても、自由である。
言い換えると、図1と図2に示すメタルシールSは、緩やかに弯曲壁にて構成された略円錐台形状であって、第1接触凸部14の存在する内周縁16にて、孔部6が形成されている。
Further, the metal seal S includes an intermediate base portion 13, a first contact convex portion 14 that contacts the first flat surface portion 11, and a second contact convex portion 15 that contacts the second flat surface portion 12. The first contact convex portion 14 is disposed closer to the inner diameter, and the second contact convex portion 15 is disposed closer to the outer diameter, different from each other on the inner and outer diameter sides. Specifically, the inner peripheral edge 16 having the first contact convex portion 14, the intermediate base portion 13 having an enlarged taper wall shape, and the outer peripheral edge 17 having the second contact convex portion 15 are gently curved with the same thickness. The cross section is S-shaped. The wall thickness may change slightly due to the influence of the manufacturing process described later, or the wall thickness may be freely changed even if the wall thickness is consciously changed.
In other words, the metal seal S shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 has a substantially truncated cone shape that is gently formed by a curved wall, and has a hole 6 at the inner peripheral edge 16 where the first contact convex portion 14 exists. Is formed.

図2に於て、矢印Fで示すように第1被シール部材21が第2被シール部材22へ接近作動し、間隔寸法Hが減少変化してゆくに従って、メタルシールSは中間基部13を中心に矢印M1 のように捩れる捩れ弾性変形を生じ、この矢印M1 と反対方向への弾性的復元力が発生して、第1・第2接触凸部14,15は、第1・第2平坦面部11, 12に弾発的に接触する。 In FIG. 2, as the first sealed member 21 moves closer to the second sealed member 22 as indicated by the arrow F and the interval dimension H decreases, the metal seal S is centered on the intermediate base 13. The torsional elastic deformation twisted as shown by the arrow M 1 is generated, and an elastic restoring force in the direction opposite to the arrow M 1 is generated, so that the first and second contact protrusions 14 and 15 2 Elastically contact the flat surface portions 11 and 12.

図1と図2では、シール本体1の前記孔部6を形成する内周端面1a及び外周端面1bを除いて、弯曲状上面と弯曲状下面に、アルミニウム系軟質金属層3が付着(被覆)している。このアルミニウム系軟質金属層3の付着形成方法を含むメタルシールSの製法の一例について説明すれば、図3に示すように薄板帯状(テープ状)のステンレス鋼の素材5を矢印C方向へ送りつつ溶射ノズル7,7にて、アルミニウム又はアルミニウム合金(以下単に「アルミニウム系金属」ということがある)を溶射して、表裏両面にアルミニウム系溶射層3Aを付着させる。なお、溶射に先立ち、シール表面の少なくとも溶射予定部位にサンドブラスト,ショットブラスト等により粗面化加工を施しても良い。次に、プレス(のヘッド)8によって打抜いて、平板環状の中間品9を作製し、その後、(図示省略の)プレス加工によって、図1に近似の形状と構成の中間品を得る。又は、図3のプレス8による打抜きと同時、又は、複数のプレス8…を並設した複数工程によって、図1に近似の形状と構成の中間品を得る。その後、図8に例示した回転バレル19に多数の上記中間品を投入して、機械研磨工程によって上記溶射層3Aの表面を平滑化し、同時に、組織上の微小空隙部(ポーラス又は気孔ともいう)を圧潰する。(これによってこのメタルシールSのシール性が一層改善される。)図8では、Al2 3 ,SiC,SiN等のメディア(研磨材23)と共に中間品を投入・攪拌している状態を示す。なお、機械研磨としてこれ以外の方法を用いることも可能であり、さらには、電解研磨(法)を選択しても良い。 1 and 2, the aluminum-based soft metal layer 3 adheres (covers) to the curved upper surface and the curved lower surface except for the inner peripheral end surface 1a and the outer peripheral end surface 1b forming the hole 6 of the seal body 1. is doing. An example of the manufacturing method of the metal seal S including the adhesion forming method of the aluminum-based soft metal layer 3 will be described. As shown in FIG. 3, while feeding a thin strip-shaped (tape-shaped) stainless steel material 5 in the direction of arrow C, The spray nozzles 7 and 7 spray aluminum or an aluminum alloy (hereinafter sometimes simply referred to as “aluminum-based metal”) to adhere the aluminum-based spray layer 3A to both the front and back surfaces. Prior to spraying, at least a portion to be sprayed on the seal surface may be roughened by sandblasting, shot blasting, or the like. Next, punching is performed by a press (head) 8 to produce a flat plate-shaped intermediate product 9, and thereafter, an intermediate product having a shape and configuration approximate to those in FIG. 1 is obtained by pressing (not shown). Alternatively, an intermediate product having a shape and configuration similar to those shown in FIG. 1 is obtained at the same time as punching by the press 8 in FIG. 3 or by a plurality of processes in which a plurality of presses 8. Thereafter, a large number of the intermediate products are put into the rotating barrel 19 illustrated in FIG. 8, and the surface of the sprayed layer 3A is smoothed by a mechanical polishing process. At the same time, microscopic voids (also referred to as porous or pores) on the tissue. Crush. (This further improves the sealing performance of the metal seal S.) FIG. 8 shows a state in which an intermediate product is being charged and stirred together with a medium (abrasive material 23) such as Al 2 O 3 , SiC, or SiN. . In addition, it is also possible to use methods other than this as mechanical polishing, Furthermore, you may select electropolishing (method).

その次に、熱処理工程として、図10に示すように、熱処理炉20に、研磨後の中間品を搬入(装入)し、溶射層を焼きなましして、軟化させ、アルミニウム系軟質金属層3を形成し、図1,図2に示すようなメタルシールSを製造する。
アルミニウム系金属を溶射した状態では、溶射層は多数のポーラスを有し、表面は粗いが機械研磨によれば、組織が緻密化し、かつ、表面が平滑化して、流体密封性(シール性)が向上する。かつ、図2に於て、軟質金属層3が、内外周端面1a,1b側の端部が角がとれ、丸味を有していることを示す。
Next, as a heat treatment step, as shown in FIG. 10, the intermediate product after polishing is loaded (charged) into the heat treatment furnace 20, the sprayed layer is annealed and softened, and the aluminum-based soft metal layer 3 is formed. Then, a metal seal S as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 is manufactured.
In the state in which the aluminum-based metal is sprayed, the sprayed layer has a large number of porous layers, and the surface is rough, but mechanical polishing makes the structure denser and the surface smoothed, resulting in fluid tightness (sealability). improves. 2 shows that the soft metal layer 3 has rounded edges on the inner and outer peripheral end faces 1a and 1b.

なお、図3に於て、2点鎖線にて示した打抜き予定域24に重点的に、ノズル7,7にて、溶射し、この予定域24に溶射層3Aを付着させ、それ以外を薄く付着、乃至、無付着状態とするも、好ましい(図示省略)。
そして、図1と図2では、アルミニウム系軟質金属層3は、内外周端面1a,1bを除いて全面的に付着した場合を図示したが、被シール部材21, 22の平坦面部11, 12に対して、その間隔寸法Hの大小変化に伴って接触する接触部位E,E───つまり、第1・第2接触凸部14, 15───にのみ、乃至、その近傍にわたってのみ、付着するも好ましく、図12では、そのような場合を例示する。
In FIG. 3, spraying is performed by the nozzles 7 and 7 with emphasis on the planned punching area 24 indicated by a two-dot chain line, and the sprayed layer 3A is attached to the planned area 24, and the rest is thinned. It is also preferable to make it adhere or not adhere (not shown).
In FIGS. 1 and 2, the aluminum-based soft metal layer 3 is shown in a case where it is entirely attached except for the inner and outer peripheral end faces 1a and 1b, but the flat surface portions 11 and 12 of the sealed members 21 and 22 are illustrated. On the other hand, the contact portions E and E that come into contact with the change in the distance dimension H are attached only to the first and second contact convex portions 14 and 15 or to the vicinity thereof. However, FIG. 12 illustrates such a case.

上記アルミニウム系軟質金属層3は、上述の接触部位E,Eに於て、その厚さ寸法T3 ───均一な厚さでないときはその平均値をいう───を、5μm〜 100μmとする。好ましくは、10μm〜50μmとする。下限値未満であると、平坦面部11, 12へ均一に当接させることが難しくなり、なじみ難く、シール性が悪くなる。上限値を越すと、溶射作業に時間が掛り、不必要に多量のアルミニウム系金属を用いなければならなくなる。また、前述した熱処理工程後の軟質金属層3のビッカース硬度は、20〜50(Hv)とする。そして、23〜30(Hv)とするのがさらに望ましい。下限値未満であると軟らか過ぎて、図2のような使用状態下で高い面圧を受けて軟質金属層3が流れる(異常変形する)虞があり、逆に上限値を越すと、被シール部材21, 22の平坦面部11, 12へのなじみが急に悪化し、密封性能が急に低下して、流体洩れを生じ易くなる。 The above-mentioned aluminum-based soft metal layer 3 has a thickness dimension T 3 at the contact portions E and E described above, that is, when the thickness is not uniform, the average value is 5 μm to 100 μm. To do. Preferably, the thickness is 10 μm to 50 μm. If it is less than the lower limit, it will be difficult to uniformly contact the flat surface portions 11 and 12, and it will be difficult to conform and the sealing performance will deteriorate. If the upper limit is exceeded, the thermal spraying process takes time, and an unnecessarily large amount of aluminum-based metal must be used. Further, the Vickers hardness of the soft metal layer 3 after the heat treatment step described above is 20 to 50 (Hv). And it is more desirable to set it as 23-30 (Hv). If it is less than the lower limit, the soft metal layer 3 may flow (become deformed abnormally) due to high surface pressure under use conditions as shown in FIG. 2, and conversely if the upper limit is exceeded, sealing will occur. The familiarity of the members 21 and 22 with the flat surface portions 11 and 12 is abruptly deteriorated, the sealing performance is abruptly reduced, and fluid leakage is likely to occur.

図4と図5は、他の実施の形態を示し、図4は製法を説明する簡略図であり、図5は製法の中間工程説明用の中間製品の断面図である。図4に示すように、薄板帯状(テープ状)のステンレス鋼の素材5を矢印C方向に間欠的に送りつつ、プレス(図示省略)にて打抜いて、倒立有底浅皿型の中間製品25を作製してゆく。なお、26は、打抜いた後の孔を示している。   4 and 5 show another embodiment, FIG. 4 is a simplified diagram for explaining the production method, and FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of an intermediate product for explaining an intermediate process of the production method. As shown in FIG. 4, a thin plate-shaped (tape-shaped) stainless steel material 5 is intermittently fed in the direction of the arrow C and punched with a press (not shown) to produce an inverted bottomed shallow dish type intermediate product. Make 25. Reference numeral 26 denotes a hole after punching.

このようにして作製した中間製品25に、アルミニウム系金属を溶射し、図5(A)に示す如く、アルミニウム系溶射層3Aを表裏両面───図5(A)では周縁の起立(垂下)壁部27とその近傍にのみ、重点的にアルミニウム系溶射層3Aを形成した場合を例示する。なお、横断面に於て、上記起立(垂下)壁部27は、S字型(Z字型)であって、図5(B)に示す如く、この起立(垂下)壁部27を残しつつ、中間板部(底板部)28を、図示省略のプレスにて矢印Dのように打抜く。
従って、前述の図1と比較すれば、図5(B)のものでは、外周端面1bにまでアルミニウム系溶射層3Aが付着している点が、相違点である。
The intermediate product 25 thus produced was sprayed with aluminum-based metal, and as shown in FIG. 5 (A), both sides of the aluminum-based sprayed layer 3A were erected, as shown in FIG. 5 (A). A case where the aluminum-based sprayed layer 3A is formed mainly on the wall 27 and the vicinity thereof will be exemplified. In the cross section, the above-mentioned standing (hanging) wall portion 27 is S-shaped (Z-shaped), and the standing (hanging) wall portion 27 is left as shown in FIG. Then, the intermediate plate portion (bottom plate portion) 28 is punched as shown by an arrow D with a press (not shown).
Therefore, compared with the above-mentioned FIG. 1, in the thing of FIG.5 (B), the point which 3A of aluminum-type sprayed layers have adhered to the outer peripheral end surface 1b is a difference.

図5(B)のように作製された中間品9Aを、図8のような研磨用回転バレル19に研磨材23と共に投入して、攪拌し、上記溶射層3Aの表面を平滑化し、組織上の微小空隙部(ポーラス)を圧潰し、組織を緻密化する(機械研磨工程)。なお、電解研磨(法)を用いることも可能である。
その後、図10に示す熱処理炉20に、研磨後の中間品9Aを搬入(装入)して、溶射層を焼きなましして、軟化させ、軟質金属層3を形成する(図1参照)。
The intermediate product 9A produced as shown in FIG. 5B is put into the polishing rotary barrel 19 as shown in FIG. 8 together with the abrasive 23 and stirred to smooth the surface of the sprayed layer 3A. The fine voids (porous) are crushed and the structure is densified (mechanical polishing step). It is also possible to use electropolishing (method).
After that, the polished intermediate product 9A is loaded (charged) into the heat treatment furnace 20 shown in FIG. 10, and the sprayed layer is annealed and softened to form the soft metal layer 3 (see FIG. 1).

このようにして、図5の場合も、図1と図2と略同様のメタルシールSが得られる。軟質金属層3(図1参照)は、図5の場合には内周端面1aを除いて全面的に付着した場合を示しているが、これを、図12に示すように、前記接触部位E,E───つまり、第1・第2接触凸部14, 15───にのみ、乃至、その近傍にわたってのみ、付着するも、自由である。   Thus, also in the case of FIG. 5, the metal seal S substantially the same as in FIGS. 1 and 2 is obtained. In the case of FIG. 5, the soft metal layer 3 (see FIG. 1) shows a case where the soft metal layer 3 is adhered to the entire surface except for the inner peripheral end face 1 a, and this is shown in FIG. , E --- that is, it is free to adhere only to the first and second contact convex portions 14, 15--or only in the vicinity thereof.

次に、図6〜図11は、本発明の製法と製品(メタルシール)の別の実施の形態を示し、図4で述べた実施の形態と同様の方法にて得られた倒立浅皿型の中間製品25を、図6(A)から(B)のように、矢印Dの如く中間板部28を打抜いて、メタルシールとしての最終形状のシール本体1を先に作製する。
その後、図6(C)及び図7に示すように、アルミニウム系金属を溶射して、アルミニウム系溶射層3Aを全面にわたって付着して、中間品9Aを作製し、次に、図8に示すようにこの中間品9Aを研磨材23と共に回転バレル19に投入して、攪拌すると、図7では溶射後の小さな凹凸面(粗面)であった表面は、図9に示すように平滑化し、組織上の微小空隙部(ポーラス)も圧潰されて、組織は緻密化する(機械研磨工程)。
その後、図10に示すように熱処理炉20に、研磨した中間品9Aを搬入(投入)して、焼きなましして、溶射層を軟化させ、軟質金属層3を形成して図11に示すようなメタルシールSを得る。
Next, FIGS. 6 to 11 show another embodiment of the manufacturing method and product (metal seal) of the present invention, and the inverted shallow plate type obtained by the same method as the embodiment described in FIG. As shown in FIGS. 6A to 6B, the intermediate plate portion 28 is punched out as shown by an arrow D, and the final-shaped seal body 1 as a metal seal is first produced.
Thereafter, as shown in FIGS. 6 (C) and 7, an aluminum-based metal is sprayed, and an aluminum-based sprayed layer 3A is deposited over the entire surface to produce an intermediate product 9A. Next, as shown in FIG. When the intermediate product 9A is put into the rotating barrel 19 together with the abrasive 23 and stirred, the surface which was a small uneven surface (rough surface) after spraying in FIG. 7 is smoothed as shown in FIG. The upper minute voids (porous) are also crushed and the structure becomes dense (mechanical polishing step).
Thereafter, as shown in FIG. 10, the polished intermediate product 9A is carried into (heated into) a heat treatment furnace 20 and annealed to soften the sprayed layer to form the soft metal layer 3 as shown in FIG. A metal seal S is obtained.

図7,図9,図11に示すように、接触部位Eとしての第1・第2接触凸部14, 15の軟質金属層3,3Aの厚さ寸法T3 を、他の部位よりも大きく設定(溶射)している。また、研磨工程によって、図9と図11に示すように、表面は滑らかに、かつ、(角部には)丸味を有する横断面形状である。そして、接触部位Eの厚さ寸法T3 は既述の実施の形態と同様であり、また、図11に於て、接触部位E以外の部位に、殆ど、乃至、全く軟質金属層3を付着させないようにしてもよい(図12参照)。 7, 9, as shown in FIG. 11, the first and second contact protrusions 14, 15 the thickness T 3 of the soft metal layer 3,3A of the contact portion E, greater than other portions Setting (spraying). In addition, as shown in FIGS. 9 and 11, the surface is smooth and has a round cross-sectional shape (in the corners) by the polishing process. The thickness T 3 of the contact part E is the same as that of the above-described embodiment. In FIG. 11, the soft metal layer 3 is almost or not attached to the part other than the contact part E in FIG. You may make it not (refer FIG. 12).

次に、図13に示した別の実施の形態では、シール本体1の横断面形状が既述の実施の形態と相違し、図13(A)に於て実線と2点鎖線にて囲んだ横断面矩形状の中間基部30と、第1・第2平坦面部11, 12に接触する略半円形状の第1・第2接触凸部31, 32とを、有する。第1接触凸部31は内径寄りに、第2接触凸部32は外径寄りに、夫々配設される。また、このシール本体1はステンレス鋼から成ると共に、切削や研削等の機械加工によって製造される。
図13(B)に、矢印Fで示すように第1被シール部材21が第2被シール部材22へ接近作動して、間隔寸法Hが減少変化してゆくに従って、このメタルシールSは矢印M1 のように捩れ弾性変形を生じて、矢印M1 と反対方向への弾性的復元力を発生して、第1・第2接触凸部31, 32(の外周面)から成る接触部位E,Eが弾発的に第1・第2平坦面部11, 12に接触する。
このような接触部位E,Eとその近傍にのみ、既述した製法と同様に、溶射にて付着すると共に熱処理(焼きなまし)にて軟化したアルミニウム系軟質金属層3が、被覆形成されている。なお、図8にて説明した回転バレル19による攪拌の機械研磨等が、上記溶射工程と熱処理工程の間に介在して、溶射層の表面の平滑化と、組織の微小空隙部(ポーラスや気孔)を圧潰する。なお、電解研磨を用いてもよい場合もある。
Next, in another embodiment shown in FIG. 13, the cross-sectional shape of the seal body 1 is different from the embodiment described above, and is surrounded by a solid line and a two-dot chain line in FIG. It has an intermediate base portion 30 having a rectangular cross section and first and second contact convex portions 31 and 32 having substantially semicircular shapes that contact the first and second flat surface portions 11 and 12. The first contact convex portion 31 is disposed closer to the inner diameter, and the second contact convex portion 32 is disposed closer to the outer diameter. The seal body 1 is made of stainless steel and manufactured by machining such as cutting or grinding.
In FIG. 13B, as the first sealed member 21 moves closer to the second sealed member 22 as indicated by the arrow F and the interval dimension H decreases, the metal seal S is moved to the arrow M. 1 generates a torsional elastic deformation as shown in FIG. 1 to generate an elastic restoring force in the direction opposite to the arrow M 1, and the contact parts E, which are composed of the first and second contact convex portions 31 and 32 (outer peripheral surfaces thereof) E elastically contacts the first and second flat surface portions 11 and 12.
The aluminum-based soft metal layer 3 that is deposited by thermal spraying and softened by heat treatment (annealing) is formed on the contact portions E and E and the vicinity thereof in the same manner as the manufacturing method described above. Note that mechanical polishing of stirring by the rotating barrel 19 described with reference to FIG. 8 is interposed between the thermal spraying step and the heat treatment step, thereby smoothing the surface of the sprayed layer and microscopic voids (porous or pores) of the tissue. ). In some cases, electropolishing may be used.

なお、図13の代りに、第1・第2接触凸部31, 32の形状を、半円形以外の形状として、三角山状や、四角形状等としても自由であり、中間基部30を平行四辺形としたり菱形状とする等、設計変更自由である。
そして、図13では接触部位Eにのみアルミニウム系軟質金属層3を被覆したが、所望により、その他の部位にも被覆を行っても自由であり、全周面に被覆することも自由である。
Instead of FIG. 13, the shape of the first and second contact protrusions 31 and 32 can be any shape other than a semi-circle, such as a triangular mountain shape, a quadrangular shape, etc. The design can be changed freely such as shape or rhombus.
In FIG. 13, only the contact portion E is covered with the aluminum-based soft metal layer 3, but it is also possible to cover other portions as desired, and it is also possible to cover the entire circumferential surface.

次に、図14(A),(B)は、夫々異なるさらに別の実施の形態を示し、メタルシールSが、横断面中空円形であって、いわゆるメタルOリングの場合で示す。図14(A)では、横断面形状が中空円形のステンレス鋼製シール本体1の外周面全体に、アルミニウム系軟質金属層3を、既述の実施の形態と同様に、被覆している。また、図14では、被シール部材21, 22(図2,図13参照)に接触する接触部位E,Eにのみアルミニウム系軟質金属層3を被覆形成している。
図13や図14に於けるアルミニウム系軟質金属層3の厚さ寸法T3 は、5μm〜 100μmであり、かつ、ビッカース硬度は20〜50である点は、図1〜図12の場合と同様である。
Next, FIGS. 14 (A) and 14 (B) show further different embodiments, in which the metal seal S has a hollow circular cross section and is a so-called metal O-ring. In FIG. 14 (A), the entire surface of the stainless steel seal body 1 having a hollow circular cross section is covered with the aluminum-based soft metal layer 3 in the same manner as in the above-described embodiment. Further, in FIG. 14, the aluminum-based soft metal layer 3 is formed so as to cover only the contact portions E and E that are in contact with the sealed members 21 and 22 (see FIGS. 2 and 13).
The thickness T 3 of the aluminum-based soft metal layer 3 in FIGS. 13 and 14 is 5 μm to 100 μm, and the Vickers hardness is 20 to 50, as in the case of FIGS. It is.

なお、本発明は上述の実施の形態に限らず、他の横断面形状として、C字形やU字形や楕円形や、凹凸波形状の接触部位を有する偏平中空形状のものであっても、自由である(図示省略)。
なお、軟質金属層3としてアルミニウム合金を用いる場合、融点が低く、溶射し易いという利点がある。また、熱処理(焼きなまし)の条件としては、 300℃〜 400℃で 0.5〜 3.0時間が好ましい。
The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and other cross-sectional shapes such as a C shape, a U shape, an ellipse, or a flat hollow shape having an uneven wave contact portion may be freely used. (Not shown).
In addition, when using an aluminum alloy as the soft metal layer 3, there exists an advantage that melting | fusing point is low and it is easy to spray. Moreover, as conditions of heat processing (annealing), 300 to 400 degreeC and 0.5 to 3.0 hours are preferable.

本発明は上述のように、ステンレス鋼製のシール本体1と、装着使用状態で被シール部材21,22に該シール本体1が接触する接触部位Eに溶射にて付着されると共に熱処理にて軟化させたアルミニウム系軟質金属層3とを、具備する構成であるので、安価に製造可能であって、腐食性ガスにも耐え、かつ、相手の被シール部材21, 22へのなじみが良好で、優れたシール性能を長期にわたって発揮し、高真空(又は高圧用)として好適である。例えば、半導体等の製造装置に使用可能である。   In the present invention, as described above, the seal body 1 made of stainless steel and the contact portion E where the seal body 1 contacts the sealed members 21 and 22 in the mounted and used state are thermally sprayed and softened by heat treatment. Since the aluminum-based soft metal layer 3 is provided, it can be manufactured at a low cost, can withstand corrosive gas, and is well-familiar with the other sealed members 21 and 22; It exhibits excellent sealing performance over a long period of time and is suitable as a high vacuum (or high pressure). For example, it can be used in a manufacturing apparatus such as a semiconductor.

また、上記アルミニウム系軟質金属層3は、上記溶射の後に研磨にて表面が平滑に形成されていることによって、相手の被シール部材21, 22に対して密に接触し、流体漏洩が確実に防止できる。さらに、研磨によって溶射後の微小なポーラス(気孔)が存在するアルミニウム溶射層3Aを緻密な組織とすることができ、一層、上記流体漏洩を防止できることとなる。
また、上記アルミニウム系軟質金属層3は、その厚さ寸法T3 が5μm〜 100μmであり、かつ、ビッカース硬度が20〜50であるので、被シール部材21, 22に対して、適度に変形しつつ密に接触して(なじみが十分となり)、優れたシール性能を、高真空(又は高圧)の雰囲気にて、示す。なお、T3 <5μmでは十分ななじみが得られず、シール性能が悪化する。逆に、T3 > 100μmでは、溶射量が過大となり、製造上作業性が悪化する。そして、ビッカース硬度が20未満であると柔らか過ぎて、アルミニウム系軟質金属層3の一部が局部的に高面圧(接触)部位から逃げてしまって、シール本体が被シール部材21, 22と接触する虞がある。逆に、ビッカース硬度が50を越すと、前記なじみが急に悪化し、流体漏洩を発生することとなる。
The aluminum-based soft metal layer 3 has a smooth surface formed by polishing after the thermal spraying, so that the aluminum-based soft metal layer 3 is in close contact with the mating members 21 and 22 to ensure fluid leakage. Can be prevented. Furthermore, the aluminum sprayed layer 3A in which fine porous (pores) are present by thermal spraying can be formed into a dense structure by polishing, and the fluid leakage can be further prevented.
The aluminum-based soft metal layer 3 has a thickness dimension T 3 of 5 μm to 100 μm and a Vickers hardness of 20 to 50. Therefore, the aluminum soft metal layer 3 is appropriately deformed with respect to the sealed members 21 and 22. In close contact (with sufficient familiarity), excellent sealing performance is demonstrated in a high vacuum (or high pressure) atmosphere. If T 3 <5 μm, sufficient familiarity cannot be obtained and the sealing performance deteriorates. On the other hand, when T 3 > 100 μm, the spraying amount becomes excessive, and the workability in manufacturing deteriorates. If the Vickers hardness is less than 20, it is too soft and a part of the aluminum-based soft metal layer 3 locally escapes from the high surface pressure (contact) part. There is a risk of contact. On the other hand, when the Vickers hardness exceeds 50, the familiarity deteriorates suddenly and fluid leakage occurs.

また、本発明に係るメタルシールの製法によれば、ステンレス鋼の素材5又は中間製品25又は最終形状のシール本体1に、アルミニウム又はアルミニウム合金を溶射してアルミニウム系溶射層3Aを付着し、次に研磨工程によって上記溶射層3Aの表面を平滑化し、次に熱処理工程によって上記溶射層3Aを軟化させて軟質金属層3とするので、従来から至難とされていたステンレス鋼の表面にアルミニウム系金属を被覆して一体化することが可能となったり、安価に高真空用(又は高圧用)メタルシールを製造できる。特に組織が粗く、ポーラス(気孔)が存在する溶射層3Aの表面を平滑化し、内部も緻密化できて、シール性能(密封性能)が優れたメタルシールが安価に製造可能となる。
また、上記軟質金属層3を、被シール部材21,22に上記シール本体1が接触する接触部位Eに重点的に厚く形成することによって、溶射作業時間を短縮でき、省資源にも貢献できる。
Further, according to the metal seal manufacturing method of the present invention, aluminum or an aluminum alloy is sprayed onto the stainless steel material 5 or the intermediate product 25 or the final seal body 1 to adhere the aluminum-based sprayed layer 3A. Since the surface of the sprayed layer 3A is smoothed by a polishing process and then the sprayed layer 3A is softened by a heat treatment process to form a soft metal layer 3, an aluminum-based metal is formed on the surface of stainless steel, which has conventionally been difficult. Can be integrated by coating, or a metal seal for high vacuum (or high pressure) can be manufactured at low cost. In particular, the surface of the sprayed layer 3A having a rough structure and porous (pores) can be smoothed and the inside can be densified, and a metal seal having excellent sealing performance (sealing performance) can be manufactured at low cost.
Further, by forming the soft metal layer 3 thickly on the contact part E where the seal main body 1 contacts the sealed members 21 and 22, the thermal spraying operation time can be shortened and the resource can be saved.

本発明の実施の一形態を示す断面図である。It is sectional drawing which shows one Embodiment of this invention. 装着使用状態を示す要部拡大断面図である。It is a principal part expanded sectional view which shows a mounting | wearing use state. 製造方法の一例を示す説明図である。It is explanatory drawing which shows an example of a manufacturing method. 製造方法の他の例を示す説明図である。It is explanatory drawing which shows the other example of a manufacturing method. 製造方法の他の例を説明する要部拡大断面図である。It is a principal part expanded sectional view explaining the other example of the manufacturing method. 製造方法の別の例を説明する要部拡大断面図である。It is a principal part expanded sectional view explaining another example of a manufacturing method. 他の実施の形態を示す中間品の要部拡大拡大断面図である。It is a principal part expansion enlarged sectional view of the intermediate goods which show other embodiment. 研磨工程を示す説明図である。It is explanatory drawing which shows a grinding | polishing process. 研磨後の中間品を示す要部拡大断面図である。It is a principal part expanded sectional view which shows the intermediate product after grinding | polishing. 熱処理工程の説明図である。It is explanatory drawing of a heat processing process. 完成品を示す要部拡大断面図である。It is a principal part expanded sectional view which shows a completed product. 別の実施の形態を示す要部拡大断面図である。It is a principal part expanded sectional view which shows another embodiment. さらに別の実施の形態を示す要部拡大断面図である。It is a principal part expanded sectional view which shows another embodiment. さらに他の実施の形態を示す要部拡大断面図である。It is a principal part expanded sectional view which shows other embodiment.

符号の説明Explanation of symbols

1 シール本体
3 軟質金属層
3A 溶射層
5 素材
21, 22 被シール部材
S メタルシール
E 接触部位
3 厚さ寸法
1 Seal body 3 Soft metal layer 3A Thermal spray layer 5 Material
21, 22 Sealed member S Metal seal E Contact part T 3 Thickness dimension

Claims (5)

ステンレス鋼製のシール本体(1)と、装着使用状態で被シール部材(21)(22)に該シール本体(1)が接触する接触部位(E)に溶射にて付着されると共に熱処理にて軟化させたアルミニウム系軟質金属層(3)とを、具備することを特徴とするメタルシール。   A stainless steel seal body (1) is attached by thermal spraying to the contact portion (E) where the seal body (1) contacts the sealed members (21) and (22) in the mounted and used state, and by heat treatment. A metal seal comprising a softened aluminum-based soft metal layer (3). 上記アルミニウム系軟質金属層(3)は、上記溶射の後に研磨にて表面が平滑に形成されている請求項1記載のメタルシール。   The metal seal according to claim 1, wherein the aluminum-based soft metal layer (3) has a smooth surface formed by polishing after the thermal spraying. 上記アルミニウム系軟質金属層(3)は、その厚さ寸法(T3 )が5μm〜 100μmであり、かつ、ビッカース硬度が20〜50である請求項1又は2記載のメタルシール。 The metal seal according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the aluminum-based soft metal layer (3) has a thickness dimension (T 3 ) of 5 µm to 100 µm and a Vickers hardness of 20 to 50. ステンレス鋼の素材(5)又は中間製品(25)又は最終形状のシール本体(1)に、アルミニウム又はアルミニウム合金を溶射してアルミニウム系溶射層(3A)を付着し、次に研磨工程によって上記溶射層(3A)の表面を平滑化し、次に熱処理工程によって上記溶射層(3A)を軟化させて軟質金属層(3)とすることを特徴とするメタルシールの製法。   Aluminum or an aluminum alloy is sprayed onto the stainless steel material (5) or intermediate product (25) or the final seal body (1) to adhere the aluminum-based sprayed layer (3A), and then the above-mentioned spraying is performed by a polishing process. A method for producing a metal seal, characterized in that the surface of the layer (3A) is smoothed and then the thermal spraying layer (3A) is softened by a heat treatment step to form a soft metal layer (3). 上記軟質金属層(3)を、被シール部材(21)(22)に上記シール本体(1)が接触する接触部位(E)に重点的に厚く形成する請求項4記載のメタルシールの製法。   The method for producing a metal seal according to claim 4, wherein the soft metal layer (3) is formed thickly on the contact site (E) where the seal body (1) contacts the sealed members (21) and (22).
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