JP2008067728A - Simplified urine purifying apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a simplified urine purifying apparatus capable of being easily incorporated into an assembly type simple urinal, deodorizing, discoloring and sterilizing urine or the like and being used for multiple times. <P>SOLUTION: In the simplified urine purifying apparatus composed by disposing a purifier and a storage tank communicating with the digestion tank so that the urine flows down by gravity below the purifier, the purifier is made into a hollow cylindrical shape whose length is 3 to 30cm and diameter is 1 to 30cm. In a hollow part, a filter (A) filled with active carbon whose particle size is 0.15 to 5mm and a filter (B) formed by entangling a plurality of copper fibers whose diameter is 10 to 500μm in an optional direction are vertically disposed through a movement prevention means. The storage tank is a hollow container whose capacity is 5 to 50 liters. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2008,JPO&INPIT

Description

The present invention relates to a simple urine purification device. In more detail, it is installed in places where many people come and go, such as evacuation shelters, campgrounds, fishing grounds, ski resorts, event venues, etc., in the event of an emergency such as an earthquake, typhoon, flood, tsunami, snow damage, fire, riots, etc. It is related with the simple urine purification apparatus installed in the assembly-type simple urinal which is convenient to use and store when unnecessary.

Public facilities such as schools, gymnasiums, public halls, parks, and event venues where many people come and go are equipped with permanent toilets, but the above public facilities and event venues are usually used. It is just a number that fits the case. When an emergency such as an earthquake, water damage, snow damage, tsunami, fire, riot, etc. occurs, a large number of people gather at the event venues or when the above public facilities are mainly used as shelters for many disaster victims When special events are held, the number of toilets at shelters and event venues is usually insufficient. In order to eliminate this shortage, prefabricated toilets may be installed at appropriate places such as evacuation centers and event venues.

When installing a large number of prefabricated toilets, the cost of production or purchase (borrowing) increases (cost problem), and a large-capacity storage (stockpile) space is required to store them (of the storage location) Problem), transport from storage to evacuation center is necessary (transport problem), large area is required when installing in use place (problem of area), there are many parts, and assembly work is complicated There are many problems such as certain (workability problems). As a solution to some of these many problems, an assembly-type simple toilet has been proposed (Patent Document 1, Patent Document 2, Patent Document 3, and Patent Document 4).

However, all of these proposed assembly-type toilets are seat-type toilets and are not dedicated to urinals for men. When men urinate, seat-type toilets can be used, but when there is a shortage of assembly-type simple toilets, seat-type toilets are installed by installing assembly-type simple urinals only for male urine. Although it is predicted that the toilet bowl will be able to be used effectively, no assembly-type simple urinal dedicated to male urine has been proposed so far. Therefore, the present applicant has intensively studied and first completed an invention relating to an assembly-type simple urinal dedicated to male urine, and applied for a patent for this invention (Japanese Patent Application No. 2006-24451).

However, after that, as a result of conducting a practical test on an assembly-type simple urinal dedicated to male urine, (1) the urine was placed in a place where a large number of assembly-type simple urinals were installed, especially when the installation location was indoor. The odor caused by the urine collected in the receiving container is trapped indoors, causing discomfort to many people indoors. (2) When disposing of the urine collected in the urine receiving container, (3) When disposing of urine collected in a urine receiving container, there may be a problem of coloring as well as a problem of bacteria. I learned that there is a risk of conflict with laws, regulations, ordinances when disposing of the product.
JP-A-9-220173 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 10-192189 JP 11-89750 A JP 2005-46339 A

In view of such a situation, the present inventors have intensively studied to provide an improved technique that eliminates the above-mentioned problems of the prior art at a stroke, and as a result, have completed the present invention. That is, the present invention aims at the following.
1. Provided is a simple urine purification device that can be easily incorporated into an assembling-type simple urinal that can be easily stored and assembled.
2. Provided is a simple urine purification device that can deodorize, decolorize, sterilize, etc. urine collected in a urine receiving container.
3. A simple urine purification device that can be used multiple times is provided.

In order to solve the above-described problems, the present invention provides a purifier and a simple urine purification apparatus in which a purifier and a storage tank communicated so that urine flows down under its own weight are disposed below the purifier. The vessel is a hollow cylinder having a length of 3 to 30 cm and a diameter of 1 to 30 cm, and the hollow part is filled with a filter (A) filled with activated carbon having a particle size of 0.15 to 5 mm; A filter (B) formed by intertwining a plurality of copper fibers having a diameter of 10 to 500 μm in an arbitrary direction is arranged above and below via a movement preventing means, and the storage tank has a capacity of 5 Provided is a simple urine purification device characterized by being a hollow container of ˜50 liters.

The present invention is as described in detail below, and has the following particularly advantageous effects, and its industrial utility value is extremely large.
1. Since the simple urine purification apparatus according to the present invention can be incorporated into an assembled simple urinal very easily, it is suitable for emergency and temporary use in an evacuation center or the like.
2. Since the simple urine purification apparatus according to the present invention can reliably deodorize, decolorize, and sterilize urine collected in a storage tank, the environment in the evacuation center is not deteriorated.
3. Since the simple urine purification apparatus according to the present invention can reliably deodorize, decolorize and sterilize urine, there is no risk of conflict with laws, regulations, ordinances when it is discarded in a river.
4). The simplified urine purification apparatus according to the present invention can be used a plurality of times because the purified urine can be discarded and both types of filters can be reactivated.
5. Since the simple urine purification apparatus according to the present invention can be used a plurality of times, the running cost is low.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail. The simple urine purification apparatus according to the present invention includes a purifier and a storage tank. These are communicated so that the urine flows down from the purifier to the storage tank by its own weight. The purifier and the storage tank constituting the simple urine purification apparatus according to the present invention can be prepared by paperboard, wood board, metal, synthetic resin, or a combination thereof. The surface of the paperboard and the board made of wood is preferably waterproofed. The type of metal and synthetic resin is not particularly limited as long as it is not corroded by urine.

The purifier is deodorized and decolored when the urine flows down through the two types of filters described later by the two types of filters described later arranged via the movement prevention means, and is included in the urine It functions to sterilize and detoxify various bacteria. The shape of the purifier is a hollow cylinder, and the appearance shape may be any of a funnel shape, a column shape, a prism shape, a shape combining a funnel and a column, a shape combining a funnel and a prism, etc. A funnel-shaped one and a combination of a funnel and a cylinder are preferable because they can easily communicate with the storage tank. The hollow cylindrical purifier varies depending on the material, but has a thickness of 0.1 to 5 mm, a length of 5 to 30 cm, and a diameter of 3 to 30 cm. If the thickness, length, and diameter are in this range, it is lightweight and easy to handle.

The purifier is provided with a movement preventing means for preventing the movement of two types of filters described later disposed inside the hollow cylinder. The movement preventing means functions to prevent the two types of filters described later from moving downward in the purifier and falling into the storage tank, and to allow the urine to pass through the two types of filters described later when purifying the urine. . As a means for preventing movement, for example, utilizing the inclined surface of the funnel, providing a protrusion on the inner wall of the hollow cylinder, suspending a filter from a string and wire to the opening of the hollow cylinder, installing a net at an appropriate position inside the hollow cylinder , Etc.

A storage tank fulfill | performs the function which accumulates the urine which passed the hollow part of the purifier and was purified temporarily, and is taken as the hollow container with a capacity | capacitance of 5-50 liters. If the capacity is within this range, it is easy to install in an assembly-type simple urinal and it is easy to dispose of the urine collected in the urinal. As described above, the storage tank is arranged in communication with the lower side of the purifier so that the urine flows down by its own weight. As an example of the arrangement of the two when the purifier and the storage tank are communicated, (1) the lower part of the funnel-shaped or cylindrical purifier is inserted into a hole provided on the upper surface of the storage tank; (2) the purifier The lowermost part of the storage tank is connected to the hole provided in the upper surface of the storage tank directly or via a short pipe, etc. (3) The lower part of the purifier is connected to the inner wall of the storage tank via a screw or the like. Can be mentioned. In view of the disposal work of urine collected in the storage tank and the storage efficiency during storage, it is preferable that the purifier and the storage tank have a structure that can be easily attached and detached.

The shape of the storage tank is not particularly limited as long as it is a hollow container, but it is preferable that the upper surface of the storage tank is partially opened. The upper wall surface of the storage tank has a urine receiving port flowing down from the purifier and the storage tank. It is preferable to provide a hole for discarding the urine collected in the tank and, in some cases, an air inflow hole for efficiently discarding the urine. Furthermore, if a handle is provided on the upper wall surface or side wall surface of the storage tank, it is convenient for the installation and movement of the storage tank and the disposal work of the collected urine. The urine receiving port and the urine discharging port can be combined. The purified and essentially harmless urine stored in the storage tank can be discarded in the river or combined with the treated water at the end of the treatment process of the public wastewater treatment facility.

Two types of filters are arranged in the hollow part of the purifier. The urine is deodorized, decolorized and sterilized by passing through two types of filters, and purified to such an extent that it can be discarded in a river. The two types of filters arranged in the present invention mean a filter (A) filled with activated carbon and a filter (B) filled with copper fibers.

In the present invention, the filter (A) functions to deodorize and decolorize urine. The filter (A) refers to a product obtained by processing activated carbon into a filter. Activated carbon adsorbs odor components such as ammonia generated by decomposition of urea contained in urine to the porous structure formed on the surface to reduce odor, and adsorbs pigment components such as urochrome. Decolorize. Activated carbon is produced by a gas activation method, a chemical activation method, or the like using coconut shells, coal, wood chips, sawdust, and the like as raw materials. The gas activation method is a method in which coconut shells and coal are reacted with combustion gas containing water vapor and carbon dioxide, and the chemical activation method is to impregnate wood chips and sawdust with chemicals such as phosphoric acid and zinc chloride. It is a method of processing at a high temperature. In addition, an inorganic acid such as iodic acid may be added to the activated carbon produced by the above method. The activated carbon may be a single type or a combination of two or more types having different manufacturing methods, diameters, and surface areas at an arbitrary ratio.

The particle size of the activated carbon is in the range of 0.15 to 5 mm. When the particle size is less than 0.15 mm, the distance between adjacent activated carbons becomes narrow when processed into a filter shape, so it is difficult for urine to pass. When the particle size exceeds 5 mm, the surface area of the activated carbon becomes small. It is not preferable because it cannot sufficiently deodorize and decolorize. As for the activated carbon to be used, 90% or more of the total quantity preferably has a diameter of 0.15 to 5 mm.

In order to process the activated carbon into a filter, for example, the activated carbon is filled in a bag having fine pores that are smaller than the particle size of the activated carbon and through which urine can pass, and the opening is sewn and welded. Examples thereof include a structure in which a synthetic resin foam sheet having continuous holes is welded into a bag shape, and a structure in which activated carbon is filled in a cartridge having fine holes. The bag may be a woven fabric, a knitted fabric, a non-woven fabric, or the like that is sewn and heat-welded. The material of the sheet may be any of natural fibers, synthetic fibers, inorganic fibers, metal fibers, and the like. Especially, the bag which consists of a nonwoven fabric sheet which consists of a fiber made from a synthetic resin is preferable. The shape of the bag filled with activated carbon can be appropriately changed according to the amount of activated carbon filled in the sheet, disk, column, etc., and can be selected according to the shape of the purifier in which it is placed. Can be used. The cartridge is detachable from the purifier, and the cartridge itself or activated carbon filled in the cartridge can be replaced. Examples of the material of the cartridge include synthetic resin, punching metal, stainless steel nonwoven fabric, and the shape of the cartridge may be flat or cylindrical depending on the shape of the hollow portion of the purifier to be arranged. .

In the present invention, the filter (B) functions to sterilize bacteria contained in the urine. The filter (B) refers to a copper long fiber and / or short fiber processed into a filter shape. Copper fiber sterilizes bacteria contained in urine, for example, Salmoreella, Staphylococcus aureus, pathogenic Escherichia coli O-157, Legionella, and the like. The higher the purity of the copper constituting the copper fiber, the better the sterilizing effect. Among them, the purity is preferably 99.9% or more. The copper fiber can be produced by a method of forming a metal into a fiber, such as a drawing method, a melt spinning method, or a cutting method. The cross-sectional shape of the copper fiber is not limited, and may be any of a circular shape, an elliptical shape, a multi-sided shape, and the like.

The diameter of copper fiber shall be 10-500 micrometers. When the diameter is less than 10 μm, the distance between adjacent copper fibers becomes narrow when processed into a filter shape, so that urine does not easily pass, and when the diameter exceeds 500 μm, the area in contact with the urine becomes small. The urine cannot be sufficiently sterilized. A copper fiber having a length of 0.5 to 50 mm is used. The copper fiber may be a single long fiber having a length of 5 to 50 mm or a single short fiber having a length of 0.5 to 5 mm. However, a plurality of long fibers and a plurality of short fibers are used. It is preferable to use in combination at any ratio.

The filter (B) refers to a filter formed by intertwining a plurality of copper fibers. Here, “entangled” means a state in which a plurality of copper fibers are arranged in an arbitrary direction like a nonwoven fabric, and arbitrary copper fibers partially cross each other. Since the surface area of the filter (B) increases and the area where the urine comes into contact with the copper fiber is increased by entwining the plurality of copper fibers, the urine sterilizing effect of the filter (B) can be improved. .

In order to process the copper fiber into a filter shape, for example, one having a structure in which the copper fiber is filled in a container such as a cartridge that is smaller than the diameter of the copper fiber and has fine holes through which urine can pass can be mentioned. . The cartridge may be made of the same material as in the filter (A), and its shape can be selected in the same manner.

The filter (A) and the filter (B) are arranged in the hollow part of the purifier, but it is sufficient to arrange the urine to pass through both the filter (A) and the filter (B). , There is no restriction on the positional relationship of which one is down. Moreover, when it is desired to deodorize and sterilize the urine more reliably, it is preferable to arrange the filter (B) on the bottom surface in the storage tank. The filter (A) can be activated and used a plurality of times by washing with water after use, drying, and optionally heating to a high temperature. The filter (B) can be used for a long time.

When using as a simple urinal using the simple urine purification apparatus according to the present invention, the urine may be excreted into the opening of the purifier, and the excreted urine has two types as described above. By passing through the filter, it is purified to the extent that it can be discarded in the river. Depending on the size of the purifier, this can be used as a urine receptacle, but since it is relatively small, it is preferable to provide a urine receptacle that communicates with the opening of the purifier. By providing the urine receptacle, it is not necessary to excrete directly into the hollow portion of the purifier, and the man can urinate in a more comfortable posture. Preferred as a urine receptacle is a paperboard with a waterproof material, the shape is a shape that accepts excreted urine and is easy to flow down to the hollow part of the purifier, for example, a cross-sectional shape in use is V-shaped, It is U-shaped. When used as a simple urinal, it is preferable to replace the urine receiving container of the invention (Japanese Patent Application No. 2006-24451) related to the assembly-type simple urinal previously filed by the applicant of the present invention. The use of a piss purification device.

Examples of the present invention will be described in detail below, but the present invention is not limited to the following examples unless it exceeds the gist.

<Example (Preparation of simple urine purification device)>
FIG. 1 is a longitudinal side view of an example of a simple urine purification apparatus according to the present invention. The purifier 2 is a hollow cylinder having a combination of a funnel having a circular opening and a cylinder, and has a thickness of 1 mm, a length of 21.5 cm, and a top diameter of 12.5 cm. The length of the funnel portion is 10 cm, the length of the cylindrical portion is 11.5 cm, the diameter of the cylinder is 5.0 cm, and is obtained by injection molding of polyethylene. A lid 21 having seven holes with a diameter of 6 mm is attached to the lower end of the cylindrical portion as a filter movement preventing means.

A filter (A) 22 is disposed in the funnel portion of the hollow portion of the purifier 2, and a filter (B) 23 is disposed in the cylindrical portion. The arrangement order of the filter (A) and the filter (B) is not limited to this example, and as described above, they may be arranged by exchanging them. The filter (A) 22 has two types of activated carbons, specifically, (1) activated carbon made from coal (produced by Dyneen, brand name: PLC1SR (8/32 mesh), diameter 0.8 to 3.2 mm } 90 g and (2) 40 g of activated carbon (manufactured by Marufuku Yushi Kogyo Co., Ltd., brand name: iodine activated carbon, diameter 0.5 mm) obtained by impregnating iodine into activated carbon made from coal as a raw material, A bag made of a non-woven fabric sheet (manufactured by Venus Paper Co., Ltd., brand name: polypropylene 24J) using fiber filament yarn as a raw material is filled, and then the opening is bonded by a thermal welding method. The filter (B) 23 is a commercially available copper fiber filter (made by Codera Capron, brand name: copper oxide free) filled with copper fibers satisfying the requirements of the present invention, having a diameter of 4.9 cm and a length of 11 .5 cm stainless steel punching metal container filled.

The storage tank 3 is a substantially rectangular parallelepiped polyethylene hollow container having a capacity of 20 liters, and a circular hole 31 having a diameter of 5.2 cm is provided on the upper surface. The purifier 2 and the storage tank 3 are made to communicate with each other by loosening the lower part (columnar part) of the purifier 2 in a circular hole 31 provided in the storage tank 3. Although the example which does not provide the hole and handle for air inflow was shown in the storage tank 3 shown in FIG. 1, it is as above-mentioned that you may provide these.

<Evaluation test>
The following three types of evaluation tests were performed on the simple urine purification apparatus according to the present invention.
(1) Deodorization test: Samples prepared in Test Example 1, Test Example 2 and Comparative Test Example 1 to be described later were collected in a conical stoppered flask having a capacity of 300 ml, and each stopper was capped. Closed and allowed to stand at 40 ° C. and 80% RH for 12 hours. Then, the stopper of the Erlenmeyer flask was opened, and the odor released from the Erlenmeyer flask was confirmed by 12 panelists, and an odor evaluation test was conducted. The evaluation test results were scored by the panel based on the following evaluation criteria, and the average value of the evaluation values of 10 people excluding the maximum value and the minimum value was calculated. It can be determined that the sample is deodorized as the average value is smaller.
[Odor evaluation criteria]
0 ... No odor 1 ... Slight sensation 2 ... Smell odor 3 ... Strong odor

(2) Chromaticity determination: Samples prepared in Test Example 1, Test Example 2, and Comparative Test Example 1 described later were collected in 100 ml each in a flat bottom colorless test tube with a stopper, and the chromaticity standard column and colorimetric analysis Then, the chromaticity was determined (unit: degree). It can be determined that the sample is decolored as the chromaticity is smaller. The chromaticity standard column means that the chromaticity standard solution is gradually increased from 0 ml to 1 ml and taken up to 20 ml in a flat bottom colorless test tube with a stopper, and purified water is added to make 100 ml. The chromaticity corresponds to 0, 1,..., 20 degrees in proportion to the added amount of the chromaticity standard solution. The chromaticity standard solution was prepared by dissolving 2.49 g of potassium chloroplatinate (IV) and 2.02 g of cobalt chloride (hexahydrate) in 200 ml of hydrochloric acid and adding purified water to 1 liter. It is obtained by diluting twice, and the chromaticity of the chromaticity standard solution corresponds to 100 degrees.

(3) Bacterial count measurement: In Test Example 1 and Test Example 2 to be described later, the sample before purification, the sample immediately after purification, and the purifier 2 are removed, and the storage tank 3 is sealed, at 30 ° C. and 80 ° C. In the comparative test example 1, the sample before purification and the sample before purification were left in a dark place at 30 ° C. and 80% RH. Then, 1 milliliter of each sample was collected in a pre-sterilized glass Petri dish after 24 hours had elapsed, and the number of general bacteria was measured by the agar plate culture method (unit: pieces / milliliter). It can be determined that the sample is sterilized as the number of general bacteria is small. The general bacterium is a general term for an aerobic bacterium expressed in a community by a standard agar medium and an aerobic heterotrophic bacterium.

<Test Example 1>
Immediately after collecting 500 milliliters of urine from three healthy men at the same time, three urine were poured into a conical Erlenmeyer flask with a stopper of 2 liters, which had been sterilized in advance, and mixed and stirred (hereinafter, The urine after stirring is abbreviated as a sample before purification.) The pre-purification sample (500 ml) was poured in for 10 seconds so that the entire upper surface of the filter (A) 22 arranged in the simple urine purification device was not biased, and the pre-purification sample was filtered (A) 22 And the sample passed through the filter (B) 23 and allowed to flow down into the storage tank. The samples collected in the storage tank were subjected to the above three types of evaluation tests, and the evaluation results are shown in Table 1.

<Test Example 2>
A filter (B) 23 of the same type as the filter (B) 23 disposed in the purifier 2 was previously placed through a circular hole 31 provided in the storage tank 3 and placed on the bottom surface in the storage tank 3. Other than that, the sample before purification prepared in Test Example 1 was allowed to flow in the same procedure as in Test Example 1. The above three kinds of evaluation tests were performed on the samples collected in the storage tank, and the results are shown in Table 1.

<Comparative Test Example 1>
As a blank, the above-mentioned three kinds of evaluation tests were performed on the sample before purification prepared in Test Example 1 without any treatment, and the results are shown in Table 1.

From Table 1, the following becomes clear.
(1) The sample (see Test Example 1 and Test Example 2) once purified by the simple urine purification apparatus according to the present invention is deodorized to such an extent that it hardly feels odor even if time passes. On the other hand, the sample that is not purified (see Comparative Test Example 1) feels a bad odor over time.
(2) The sample purified by the simple urine purification apparatus according to the present invention has lower chromaticity than the sample before purification.
(3) The sample purified by the simple urine purification apparatus according to the present invention has a substantially reduced number of bacteria and is substantially harmless compared to the sample before purification.

  The simple urine purification apparatus according to the present invention is a refuge in the event of an earthquake, typhoon, flood, tsunami, snow damage, fire, riots, or other emergency situations, campsites, fishing grounds, ski resorts, event venues, etc. It is suitable as a purification device for an assembling-type simple urinal to be installed and used at a place where the door enters and exits.

It is sectional drawing of an example of the simple urine purification apparatus which concerns on this invention.

Explanation of symbols

1: Simple urine purification device 2: Purifier 3: Storage tank 21: Lid 22: Filter (A)
23: Filter (B)
31: Circular hole 32: Air inflow hole 33: Handle

Claims (4)

In a simple urine purification apparatus in which a purifier and a storage tank communicated so that urine flows down under its own weight are disposed below the purifier, the purifier has a length of 3 to 30 cm and a diameter of 3 to 30 cm. The hollow portion has a filter (A) filled with activated carbon having a particle size of 0.15 to 5 mm and a plurality of copper fibers having a diameter of 10 to 500 μm. The filter (B) formed by being entangled in an arbitrary direction is arranged above and below via movement preventing means, and the storage tank is a hollow container having a capacity of 5 to 50 liters. Simple urine purification device. The simple urine purification apparatus according to claim 1, wherein a filter (B) is disposed on the bottom surface of the storage tank. The simple urine purification apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the filter (A) is filled with two or more types of activated carbon. The simple urine purification apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the filter (B) is an entanglement of copper long fibers and / or copper short fibers.

Images