JP2008055255A - 標的物質抽出方法、及び標的物質抽出装置 - Google Patents
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Abstract
【解決手段】本発明の標的物質抽出方法は、親水性流体成分と超臨界状態または亜臨界状態の疎水性流体成分とが互いの溶解度を超えて混合されてなる高圧混合流体を、標的物質を含有する固形の被処理物に接触させて、被処理物に含まれる標的物質を親水性流体成分または疎水性流体成分の少なくとも一方に抽出する工程と、高圧混合流体から、親水性流体成分を主成分とする画分と疎水性流体成分を主成分とする画分とを分取する工程と、少なくとも一方の画分から、標的物質を分離する工程とを含んで構成される。
【選択図】図1
Description
高麗人参根;(a)多糖類、ジンセノサイド、(b)農薬類(プロシミドン、ベンゼンヘキサクロライド(以下、BHCという場合がある。))
黒人参根;(a)アントシアニン、(b)農薬
ポンカン果皮;(a)ノビレチン、(b)農薬(メチダチオン)
マリアアザミ;(a)シリマリン、(b)農薬(マラチオン、パラチオン)
コーヒー生豆;(a)ポリフェノール類、(b)カフェイン
プロポリス;(a)アミノ酸、ミネラル類、有機酸、(b)テルペノイド類、フラボノイド
植物種子;(a)リン脂質、(b)中性脂質
芍薬;(a)ペオニフロリン(鎮痛効果)、(b)脂溶性成分(抗炎症効果)
被処理物としてコーヒー生豆100gを容量300mlの抽出槽に収容し、ここに親水性流体成分として所定量(5g、20g、30g、40g、60g、90g)の水を加え、抽出槽内を密閉した後、抽出槽内を60℃に加温した。次いで、抽出槽内に二酸化炭素を充填して、抽出槽内を60℃、30MPaとなるように調節した。
被処理物としてコーヒー生豆100gをバスケットに入れた状態で容積300mlの抽出槽に収容し、ここに親水性流体成分として水200gを供給してコーヒー生豆を水に浸漬し、抽出槽内を密閉した後、抽出槽内を60℃に加温した。次いで、抽出槽内に二酸化炭素を供給して加圧し、抽出槽内を60℃、30MPaとなるように調節した。
実験例2において、コーヒー生豆に代えて、粒径分布が50〜250μmの大きさの人参根100gを抽出槽に収容した以外は実験例2と同様にして、水と超臨界二酸化炭素との高圧混合流体で人参根を処理した。
Claims (13)
- 親水性流体成分と超臨界状態または亜臨界状態の疎水性流体成分とが互いの溶解度を超えて混合されてなる高圧混合流体を、標的物質を含有する固形の被処理物に接触させて、該被処理物に含まれる標的物質を前記親水性流体成分または前記疎水性流体成分の少なくとも一方に抽出する工程と、
前記高圧混合流体から、前記親水性流体成分を主成分とする画分と前記疎水性流体成分を主成分とする画分とを分取する工程と、
少なくとも一方の前記画分から、前記標的物質を分離する工程と
を含むことを特徴とする標的物質抽出方法。 - 前記親水性流体成分と前記疎水性流体成分のうち、いずれか一方の流体成分に前記被処理物を浸漬させて浸漬液を得、該浸漬液に他方の流体成分を混合することによって、前記被処理物を前記高圧混合流体に接触させる請求項1に記載の標的物質抽出方法。
- 前記親水性流体成分と前記疎水性流体成分のうち、いずれか一方の流体成分に、他方の流体成分を小泡状に供給して前記高圧混合流体を形成する請求項1または2に記載の標的物質抽出方法。
- 前記親水性流体成分と前記疎水性流体成分とを向流で供給して前記高圧混合流体を形成する請求項1から3のいずれかに記載の標的物質抽出方法。
- 前記親水性流体成分として、水、メタノール、エタノールから選択される少なくとも一種を使用し、前記疎水性流体成分として、二酸化炭素、亜酸化窒素、プロパンから選択される少なくとも一種を使用する請求項1から4のいずれかに記載の標的物質抽出方法。
- 標的物質を含有する固形の被処理物と、親水性流体成分と、超臨界状態または亜臨界状態の疎水性流体成分とを収容して、前記被処理物から標的物質を抽出するための抽出槽と、
前記抽出槽から、前記親水性流体成分を主成分とする画分を分取する親水性流体分取手段と、
前記抽出槽から、前記疎水性流体成分を主成分とする画分を分取する疎水性流体分取手段と、
前記親水性流体分取手段にて分取された画分から、前記標的物質を分離する第一分離器と、
前記疎水性流体分取手段にて分取された画分から、前記標的物質を分離する第二分離器と
を備えることを特徴とする標的物質抽出装置。 - 標的物質を含有する固形の被処理物と、親水性流体成分と、超臨界状態または亜臨界状態の疎水性流体成分とを収容して、前記被処理物から標的物質を抽出するための抽出槽と、
前記抽出槽から、前記親水性流体成分を主成分とする画分を分取する親水性流体分取手段と、
前記抽出槽の上方部に接続された流体排出路と、
前記抽出槽から排出された流体を蓄える高圧分離器と、
前記高圧分離器の上方部に接続されて、前記疎水性流体成分を主成分とする画分を分取する疎水性流体分取路と、
前記親水性流体分取手段にて分取された画分から、前記標的物質を分離する第一分離器と、
前記疎水性流体分取路から分取された画分から、前記標的物質を分離する第二分離器と
を備えることを特徴とする標的物質抽出装置。 - 前記親水性流体成分を蓄える親水性流体成分貯留槽と、
該親水性流体成分貯留槽から前記親水性流体成分を前記抽出槽に供給する親水性流体成分供給手段と、
前記疎水性流体成分を蓄える疎水性流体成分貯留槽と、
該疎水性流体成分貯留槽から前記疎水性流体成分を前記抽出槽に供給する疎水性流体成分供給手段と
を備え、前記親水性流体成分供給手段と前記疎水性流体成分供給手段が、前記親水性流体成分と前記疎水性流体成分とが前記抽出槽内に向流で供給されるように備えられた請求項6または7に記載の標的物質抽出装置。 - 前記親水性流体成分供給手段は、親水性流体成分を抽出槽の上方部から下方部へ供給するように、
前記疎水性流体成分供給手段は、疎水性流体成分を抽出槽の下方部から上方部へ供給するように、
前記親水性流体分取手段は、前記抽出槽の下方部から前記親水性流体成分を主成分とする画分を分取するように接続されたものである請求項8に記載の標的物質抽出装置。 - 前記疎水性流体分取手段は、前記抽出槽の上方部から前記疎水性流体成分を主成分とする画分を分取するように接続されたものである請求項6に記載の標的物質抽出装置。
- 前記抽出槽が、該抽出槽の内部に、前記親水性流体成分と前記疎水性流体成分の少なくとも一方を小泡状に分散させる多孔質板を備える請求項6から10のいずれかに記載の標的物質抽出装置。
- 分取された画分の少なくとも一部を前記抽出槽に供給する循環手段を備える請求項6から11のいずれかに記載の標的物質抽出装置。
- 前記第二分離器で、前記標的物質と分離された前記疎水性流体成分を凝縮して、該疎水性流体成分を前記疎水性流体成分貯留槽に還元する凝縮器を備える請求項6から12のいずれかに記載の標的物質抽出装置。
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US11766067B2 (en) | 2017-05-15 | 2023-09-26 | Nicoventures Trading Limited | Ground tobacco composition |
US12075810B2 (en) | 2017-05-15 | 2024-09-03 | Nicoventures Trading Limited | Method of making a tobacco extract |
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WO2015010551A1 (zh) * | 2013-07-22 | 2015-01-29 | Cao Yong | 一种多功能连续相变萃取装置 |
CN106022117A (zh) * | 2016-05-18 | 2016-10-12 | 北京金山安全软件有限公司 | 防止系统环境变量修改的方法、装置及电子设备 |
CN113559550B (zh) * | 2021-08-26 | 2022-04-05 | 山西大学 | 黄花菜中黄酮的提取方法和提取装置 |
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