JP2008054677A - Method for producing extruded noodle - Google Patents

Method for producing extruded noodle Download PDF

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JP2008054677A
JP2008054677A JP2007215397A JP2007215397A JP2008054677A JP 2008054677 A JP2008054677 A JP 2008054677A JP 2007215397 A JP2007215397 A JP 2007215397A JP 2007215397 A JP2007215397 A JP 2007215397A JP 2008054677 A JP2008054677 A JP 2008054677A
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noodles
noodle
extruder
extruded
drying
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Jai Hoon Kim
キム,ジャイホン
Soo Hyun Park
パク,スーヒュン
Seong Uk Jung
ジュン,スンウグ
Hyeon Jung Kim
キム,ヒョンジュン
Nam Jae Kang
カン,ナムジャ
Chun Sang Park
パク,チュンサン
Suk Joon Son
ソン,ソクジュン
Kyunbai Kim
キム,キュンバイ
Kyunjun No
ノ,キュンジュン
Jun Ho Hwang
ワン,ジュンホ
Bonjiku Shin
シン,ボンジク
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Nongshim Co Ltd
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Nongshim Co Ltd
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Priority claimed from KR1020070048068A external-priority patent/KR20080020449A/en
Priority claimed from KR1020070069732A external-priority patent/KR20080020465A/en
Application filed by Nongshim Co Ltd filed Critical Nongshim Co Ltd
Publication of JP2008054677A publication Critical patent/JP2008054677A/en
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Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method for producing extruded noodles reduced in crack phenomenon, excellent in loosening properties when cooking, having improved reconstituting force, and capable of revolutionarily decreasing production time, and saving a production initial cost. <P>SOLUTION: This method for producing the extruded noodles comprises a step of mixing noodle materials, a step of kneading the mixed noodle materials and mixing water 11 through a first extruder 13 to gelatinize, a step of cooling the gelatinized kneaded product to ≤40°C, a step of extruding the cooled gelatinized kneaded product as noodle ribbons through a second extruder 14, a step of cutting the extruded noodle ribbons, a step of putting the cut noodle ribbons by a prescribed amount into a mold 16 followed by molding, a step of primarily drying the molded noodles at 40-70°C and a relative humidity of ≥20% for 1-20 min, and a step of secondarily drying the primarily dried noodles at 60-100°C for 30-60 min. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2008,JPO&INPIT

Description

本発明は、押出麺の製造方法に関するもので、より詳細には、麺材料を混合する段階と、混合された麺材料及び配合水を、第1押出機を通して捏ねて糊化する段階と、糊化した捏ね物を40℃以下に冷却させる段階と、冷却して糊化した捏ね物を、第2押出機を通して麺線として押し出す段階と、押し出された麺線を切断する段階と、切断された麺線を成形する段階と、成形された麺を40〜70℃の温度、相対湿度20%以上で1〜20分間1次的に乾燥する段階と、1次的に乾燥された麺を、60〜100℃の温度で30〜60分間2次的に乾燥する段階と、を含む押出麺の製造方法に関するものである。   The present invention relates to a method for producing extruded noodles, and more specifically, a step of mixing noodle materials, a step of kneading the mixed noodle material and compounded water through a first extruder, and gelatinizing, A step of cooling the kneaded kneaded material to 40 ° C. or less, a step of extruding the kneaded kneaded material through the second extruder as a noodle string, a step of cutting the extruded noodle string, and cutting A step of forming noodle strings, a step of primarily drying the formed noodles at a temperature of 40 to 70 ° C. and a relative humidity of 20% or more for 1 to 20 minutes, And a step of secondary drying for 30 to 60 minutes at a temperature of -100 ° C.

昔から広く愛用されてきた伝統麺類のうち、うどんは小麦粉を主原料とし、冷麺は小麦粉、澱粉及びそば粉を主原料とし、唐麺は澱粉を主原料として製造される食品である。
従来の押出機を用いた麺の製造方法においては、それぞれの麺に符合する処方の原料を配合し、55%以上の高い加水量で捏ねた後、捏ねた物を一つの押出機を通して糊化及び押し出す段階を経て押出麺が製造される。押出機を通して押し出された麺は、冷たい水または冷風の送風機で冷却して麺線掛けに掛けた後、冷蔵熟成、冷凍及び解凍工程を経て麺どうしを手揉みで分離し、これを日干しまたは機械的乾燥によって乾燥した後、所定の長さに切断することで完成品として包装・流通される。
Among traditional noodles that have been widely used for a long time, udon is a food made mainly from wheat flour, cold noodles are made from wheat flour, starch and buckwheat flour, and tang noodles are made from starch.
In the conventional noodle manufacturing method using an extruder, the ingredients of the formulation that match each noodle are blended, kneaded with a high water content of 55% or more, and then the kneaded product is gelatinized through one extruder. And the extrusion noodles are manufactured through the step of extruding. The noodles extruded through the extruder are cooled with a blower of cold water or cold air and hung on the noodles line, and then the noodles are separated by hand through the refrigeration aging, freezing and thawing processes, and the dried noodles or machine After drying by manual drying, it is packaged and distributed as a finished product by cutting to a predetermined length.

上記のように、冷麺、唐麺などの押出麺を製造する従来の方法は、原料配合から完成品の包装に至るまで、ほとんどの作業が人の労働力に依存する労働集約的な工程となっている。そのため、正常的に作業がなされる場合、原料配合及び配合水製造から始めて、最終的に流通形態の製品に製造されるまで40時間以上要されるので、生産性が非常に低いという短所を有する。
また、従来の方法は、別途の冷凍のための冷凍空間が要求されるとともに、乾燥器などの乾燥設備のための広い作業空間が必要であるという短所を有する。
また、既存の乾燥方式で乾燥された押出麺の場合、麺の中間にクラックが多く生じるので、包装前の切断工程や流通及び調理時に切断されて好ましくない。また、乾燥された麺の組織が緻密であるので、水に入れて調理するときに水分の浸透速度が遅く、調理時間も長くかかってしまう。また、製造工程で麺どうしの付着現象が生じるので、調理前に手で分離したり、茹でながら箸などで一々分離すべきであるという短所を有する。
上記のように、冷麺、唐麺などのインスタント押出麺類は、過去の伝統的な方法によって製造されるので、生産工程が煩雑であるとともに、非連続的な製造方式による生産損失が多く、品質管理も困難であるという短所を有する。
As described above, conventional methods for producing extruded noodles such as cold noodles and tang noodles are labor intensive processes where most operations depend on human labor, from raw material blending to finished product packaging. It has become. For this reason, when working normally, it takes 40 hours or more from the start of raw material blending and blended water production until it is finally produced into a product in a distribution form, which has the disadvantage that productivity is very low. .
In addition, the conventional method has the disadvantages that a separate refrigeration space for refrigeration is required and a wide working space for drying equipment such as a dryer is required.
Further, in the case of extruded noodles dried by an existing drying method, many cracks are generated in the middle of the noodles, which is not preferable because it is cut during the cutting process before distribution or during distribution and cooking. Moreover, since the structure | tissue of the dried noodles is precise | minute, when it puts in water and cooks, the water | moisture-content penetration rate is slow and cooking time will also take long. In addition, since the noodles are attached to each other in the manufacturing process, they should be separated by hand before cooking or by chopsticks while boiling.
As mentioned above, instant extruded noodles such as cold noodles and tang noodles are manufactured by past traditional methods, so the production process is complicated and there are many production losses due to discontinuous manufacturing methods. It has the disadvantage of being difficult to manage.

A.D.2000年以前には、上記のような在来式乾燥冷麺が主流をなしていたが、最近は、熟麺形態の冷麺が多く流通されている。これら熟麺形態の冷麺は、酒精に浸漬した後、個々に包装された製品の形態で冷蔵・流通されるが、伝統的な冷麺の製造工程(冷蔵熟成、冷凍及び解凍工程を通した麺線分離)を経て製造されるもので、冷蔵流通を前提条件とすることで、常温流通の場合に比べて流通及び物流費が追加的に要される。
また、冷蔵条件で流通される酒精に浸漬した冷麺の場合、約35%の水分含量を有し、流通中における澱粉成分の老化のために押出麺特有のしこしこした食感が低下することを確認できる。さらに、酒精特有の臭いが調理後にも感じられる場合があり、消費者たちの不満要素となっている。
A. D. Prior to 2000, the conventional dry cold noodles as described above were mainstream, but recently, a lot of cold noodles in the form of ripened noodles have been distributed. These cold noodles in the form of ripened noodles are soaked in sake spirits and then refrigerated and distributed in the form of individually packaged products. The traditional cold noodle manufacturing process (refrigerated aging, freezing and thawing processes) It is manufactured through noodle string separation), and the distribution and distribution costs are additionally required as compared with the case of normal temperature distribution by assuming refrigerated distribution.
In addition, in the case of cold noodles soaked in spirits distributed under refrigerated conditions, it has a moisture content of about 35%, and the texture that is peculiar to extruded noodles decreases due to aging of starch components during distribution. I can confirm. In addition, the smell of alcohol may be felt after cooking, which is a dissatisfaction factor for consumers.

連続的な冷麺の製造方法に対する先行技術として、特許文献1に開示された"品質の向上したインスタント押出麺の製造方法"の場合、二軸押出機を通して麺線を形成した後、麺線の付着を抑制するためにラーメンのようなウェーブを形成していた。   In the case of the “process for producing instant extruded noodles with improved quality” disclosed in Patent Document 1 as the prior art for the continuous cold noodle production method, after forming the noodle strings through a twin screw extruder, A wave like ramen was formed to suppress adhesion.

大韓民国特許出願番号第10―2000―0039891号Korean Patent Application No. 10-2000-0039891 大韓民国特許出願番号第10―2000―0039890号Korean Patent Application No. 10-2000-0039890

しかしながら、特許文献1に記載された発明は、調理後にも麺のウェーブが維持されるので、冷麺固有の外観を再現するのに限界があった、という問題があった。
また、特許文献2に記載された発明は、押出麺固有の食感は、麺を直接押し出した場合に比べて相対的に不足し、ウェーブを解きほぐすために実施した冷水噴霧によって今後の乾燥適性が低下するという短所を有する、という問題があった。
特に、上記の方法で乾燥した場合、2〜3ケ月過ぎたときに激しいクラック現象が発生するので、製品の品質が著しく低下し、調理時に麺線が多く切れるという短所を有する、という問題があった。
However, the invention described in Patent Document 1 has a problem that there is a limit in reproducing the appearance unique to cold noodles since the wave of the noodles is maintained even after cooking.
In addition, the invention described in Patent Document 2 shows that the texture unique to extruded noodles is relatively insufficient as compared to the case of directly extruding noodles, and future dry suitability is achieved by cold water spraying performed to unravel the waves. There was a problem of having the disadvantage of being lowered.
In particular, when dried by the above method, a severe crack phenomenon occurs after 2 to 3 months, so that there is a problem in that the quality of the product is remarkably lowered and many noodle strings are cut during cooking. It was.

本発明は、上記のような問題点を解決するためになされたもので、その目的は、均一な品質を有し、麺どうしの付着現象を防止し、向上した麺品質によってクラック現象を減少させ、調理時の解きほぐし性が優秀で、向上した復元力を有する押出麺を提供するとともに、冷蔵または冷凍工程をなくし、乾燥工程のための別途の設備や作業空間を要しないので、製造時間を画期的に減少し、製造原価を節減できる、乾燥時間が短縮した押出麺の製造方法を提供することにある。
また、麺の分離を助けるための先行発明におけるウェーブが形成された麺とは異なって、直線形態となることで、美観上に消費者の嗜好に一層符合できる押出麺の製造方法を提供することにある。
The present invention has been made in order to solve the above-described problems, and its purpose is to have a uniform quality, to prevent the sticking phenomenon between noodles, and to reduce the crack phenomenon with improved noodle quality. In addition to providing extruded noodles with excellent unraveling properties during cooking and improved resilience, eliminating the refrigeration or freezing process and eliminating the need for additional equipment and work space for the drying process. An object of the present invention is to provide a method for producing extruded noodles, which can be reduced periodically and can reduce production costs, with a shortened drying time.
Moreover, unlike the noodles in which the wave is formed in the prior invention for assisting the separation of the noodles, the present invention provides a method for producing extruded noodles that can more closely match the consumer's taste in terms of aesthetics. It is in.

上記の目的を達成するための本発明は、麺材料を混合する段階と、混合された麺材料及び配合水を、第1押出機を通して捏ねて糊化する段階と、糊化した捏ね物を40℃以下に冷却させる段階と、冷却して糊化した捏ね物を、第2押出機を通して麺線として押し出す段階と、押し出された麺線を切断する段階と、切断された麺線を成形する段階と、成形された麺を40〜70℃の温度、相対湿度20%以上で1〜20分間1次的に乾燥する段階と、1次的に乾燥された麺を、60〜100℃の温度で30〜60分間2次的に乾燥する段階と、を含む押出麺の製造方法を提供する。   In order to achieve the above object, the present invention comprises a step of mixing noodle materials, a step of kneading the mixed noodle material and the mixed water through a first extruder to gelatinize, and a gelatinized kneaded product. A step of cooling to below ℃, a step of extruding the cooled and gelatinized kneaded material through a second extruder as a noodle strand, a step of cutting the extruded noodle strand, and a step of forming the cut noodle strand And a step of primarily drying the molded noodles at a temperature of 40 to 70 ° C. and a relative humidity of 20% or more for 1 to 20 minutes, and the primarily dried noodles at a temperature of 60 to 100 ° C. And a secondary drying step for 30 to 60 minutes.

一般的に、押出麺を製造するときは、糊化及び成形機能を兼ねる一つの押出機を使用していたが、本発明では、糊化機能のための押出機(第1押出機)及び成形機能のための押出機(第2押出機)をそれぞれ別途に使用し、糊化した捏ね物が第2押出機に投入される前に40℃以下に冷却され、第2押出機に熱が加えられないことを特徴とする。
また、既存の押出麺の場合は、55%以上の加水量を有することで、一つの押出機を通過しながら完全に糊化する反面、本発明の押出麺の場合は、押し出される前に別途の第1押出機を用いて糊化度を70〜95%に維持し、押し出された麺どうしが互いに付着しないように調節する。
In general, when producing extruded noodles, one extruder that has both gelatinization and molding functions was used. In the present invention, an extruder (first extruder) and molding for the gelatinization function are used. Extruders for function (second extruder) are used separately, and the gelatinized kneaded material is cooled to 40 ° C. or less before being put into the second extruder, and heat is applied to the second extruder. It is characterized by not being able to.
Moreover, in the case of the existing extruded noodles, it has a water content of 55% or more, so that it is completely gelatinized while passing through one extruder, whereas in the case of the extruded noodles of the present invention, it is separately added before being extruded. Using the first extruder, the degree of gelatinization is maintained at 70 to 95% and adjusted so that the extruded noodles do not adhere to each other.

この捏ね物を第2押出機に送り、シリンダーに冷却水を循環させると同時に、シリンダーを真空状態にしながら、麺線がダイを通して押し出される。
次いで、押し出された麺線を切断し、これを蝋型の形状に合わせて成形して熱風で乾燥させることで、本発明の押出麺を製造する。このときの乾燥方法は、温度及び湿度を維持させ、熱風を吹き込んで循環させる方法である。
一般的な熱風乾燥方式で製造した乾燥押出麺の最も大きな短所は、上述したように、熟麺に比べて調理時間が長く、流通中にクラック現象が発生しうる点にある。したがって、上記のような短所を解決できる方法を模索すべきである。
This kneaded product is sent to the second extruder, and the cooling water is circulated through the cylinder. At the same time, the noodle strings are pushed out through the die while the cylinder is in a vacuum state.
Next, the extruded noodle strings are cut, shaped into a wax shape, and dried with hot air to produce the extruded noodles of the present invention. The drying method at this time is a method in which temperature and humidity are maintained and hot air is blown and circulated.
As described above, the biggest disadvantage of dry extruded noodles produced by a general hot-air drying method is that the cooking time is longer than that of mature noodles and cracking may occur during distribution. Therefore, a method that can solve the above disadvantages should be sought.

本発明の製造方法によると、乾燥工程を低温・加湿状態の1次工程と高温の2次工程とに分離して実施することで、従来の麺製造工程で必須的な冷凍または冷蔵の段階を省略し、乾燥に必要な乾燥器などの設備及び空間を画期的に減少させることで、製造時間、設備及び労働力などにかかる製造原価を節減できるという効果がある。   According to the manufacturing method of the present invention, the drying process is separated into a primary process in a low temperature / humidified state and a secondary process in a high temperature, thereby performing the freezing or refrigeration stage essential in the conventional noodle manufacturing process. Omitting and dramatically reducing the equipment and space required for drying, such as a drier, has the effect of reducing manufacturing costs associated with manufacturing time, equipment, and labor.

次に、本発明の乾燥時間が短縮した押出麺の製造方法によると、表面の組織が緻密でなく粗いので、外部組織への水分浸透及び移動が容易であって乾燥時間が減少する効果がある。さらに、調理時にも解きほぐし性が優秀で、水分の吸収が速く、復元力が増加するので、麺の調理を簡便に行えるという効果がある。
また、本発明の乾燥時間が短縮した押出麺の製造方法によると、麺のクラック現象が減少して流通・調理時に麺が切れることなく、ウェーブでない直線形態を維持することで、調理時の簡便さ及び消費者がより好む外観の麺を提供できるという効果がある。
さらに、本発明の乾燥時間が短縮した押出麺の製造方法によると、糊化工程及び押出工程を分離して押出前に予め糊化を進行し、糊化した捏ね物を充分に冷却させて水分含量を少なくすることで、麺どうしの付着現象を防止し、食感及び外観の良い麺を提供できるという効果がある。
Next, according to the method for producing extruded noodles with reduced drying time according to the present invention, since the surface structure is not dense and rough, moisture penetration and transfer to the external structure is easy, and the drying time is reduced. . Furthermore, the unraveling property is excellent even during cooking, the moisture absorption is fast, and the restoring force is increased.
In addition, according to the method for producing extruded noodles with reduced drying time according to the present invention, the crack phenomenon of the noodles is reduced and the noodles are not cut during distribution / cooking. In addition, there is an effect that it is possible to provide noodles having an appearance that consumers prefer.
Furthermore, according to the method for producing extruded noodles with reduced drying time according to the present invention, the gelatinization step and the extrusion step are separated and gelatinization proceeds in advance before extrusion, and the gelatinized kneaded product is sufficiently cooled to obtain moisture. By reducing the content, it is possible to prevent the adhesion phenomenon between the noodles and provide noodles having a good texture and appearance.

すなわち、本発明によって製造された押出麺は、特許文献1及び2の発明と比べると、より伝統的な押出麺特有の外観及び食感を再現することができ、調理が簡便であり、乾燥形態であって常温での流通が可能になる。また、クラック現象が著しく減少することで、保存及び流通時に安定化及び利便性が与えられた麺を製造できるという効果がある。
また、最近、市場に多く流通されている酒精に浸漬した麺(冷麺、うどんなど)は、調理時に酒精の風味が完全に除去されない場合があり、乾燥されていない状態の麺として水分含量が高いので、長期間保存または冷蔵・流通するとき、澱粉の老化による麺の固まり現象及び食感低下現象が生じるが、本発明によって製造された冷麺は、乾燥状態の冷麺として冷蔵保管する必要がなく、既存の乾燥冷麺に比べて調理時間の短い冷麺を製造できるという効果がある。さらに、より正統冷麺に類似した食感を有し、流通中の澱粉老化による食感低下現象も少ないので、しこしこした食感の麺を製造できるという効果がある。
That is, the extruded noodles produced according to the present invention can reproduce the appearance and texture peculiar to the more traditional extruded noodles compared to the inventions of Patent Documents 1 and 2, are easy to cook, and are in a dried form. And distribution at room temperature becomes possible. In addition, since the crack phenomenon is remarkably reduced, there is an effect that it is possible to produce noodles that are stabilized and convenient during storage and distribution.
In addition, noodles (cold noodles, udon) soaked in alcoholic spirits that are widely distributed in the market recently may not completely remove the flavor of alcoholic alcohol during cooking, and have a moisture content as undried noodles. Since it is high, when noodles are stored for a long period of time or refrigerated / distributed, the noodles are stiffened and the texture is reduced due to the aging of the starch. There is an effect that cold noodles having a cooking time shorter than that of existing dry cold noodles can be produced. Furthermore, it has a texture that is more similar to that of authentic cold noodles and is less likely to cause a decrease in texture due to starch aging during distribution, so that it is possible to produce noodles with a slight texture.

以下、本発明を図1に示す製造例に基づいて一層詳細に説明する。
[製造例]
麺材料の混合段階
小麦粉10〜90重量%と、ジャガイモ澱粉、サツマイモ澱粉、タピオカ澱粉、トウモロコシ澱粉などの澱粉、そば粉、黒米粉、ドングリ粉などから選択された一つまたは二つ以上の材料の10〜90重量%とが所定の配合割合で第1押出機13に投入されるように投入量を調節する。
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail based on the production example shown in FIG.
[Production example]
Mixing stage of noodle ingredients 10 to 90% by weight of wheat flour and one or more ingredients selected from potato starch, sweet potato starch, tapioca starch, corn starch, buckwheat flour, black rice flour, acorn flour, etc. The input amount is adjusted so that 10 to 90% by weight is supplied to the first extruder 13 at a predetermined blending ratio.

捏ね及び糊化段階
第1押出機13を用いて麺混合物を捏ねると同時に、熱を加えることで捏ね物を糊化する。
特に、本発明による押出麺の製造方法によると、配合水11の配合比は、麺混合物12の重量に対する10〜50%で、一般的な押出麺(冷麺など)の加水量が55%〜75%であるのに比べて比較的に少量である。ここで、麺混合物12に対する配合水11の加水量を50%以上にすると、押出時に麺どうしの付着現象が発生し、10%以下にすると、麺線の形成が不可能である。
Kneading and pasting stage The first extruder 13 is used to knead the noodle mixture, and at the same time, the kneaded product is gelatinized by applying heat.
In particular, according to the method for producing extruded noodles according to the present invention, the blending ratio of the blended water 11 is 10 to 50% with respect to the weight of the noodle mixture 12, and the amount of water added to a general extruded noodle (such as cold noodles) is 55% to 55%. A relatively small amount compared to 75%. Here, if the addition amount of the blended water 11 with respect to the noodle mixture 12 is 50% or more, an adhesion phenomenon between the noodles occurs at the time of extrusion, and if it is 10% or less, noodle strings cannot be formed.

捏ね物を冷却させる段階
第1押出機13を通して糊化した捏ね物を40℃以下に冷却させる段階で、糊化した捏ね物は、冷却と同時に水分含量が約5%以上に減少し、以後の乾燥工程における乾燥が容易になる。また、第1押出機13を通過した捏ね物は、所定の時間間隔を維持しながら冷却と同時に第2押出機14に投入することが重要である。
The step of cooling the kneaded material In the step of cooling the kneaded kneaded material to 40 ° C. or less through the first extruder 13, the moisture content of the kneaded kneaded material is reduced to about 5% or more simultaneously with cooling. Drying in the drying process is facilitated. In addition, it is important that the kneaded material that has passed through the first extruder 13 is put into the second extruder 14 simultaneously with cooling while maintaining a predetermined time interval.

押出機による麺線形成段階
第2押出機14を通して麺線を作るときも、既存の押出麺製造方式のように約100℃の熱を加えて配合粉の澱粉を糊化するのでなく、熱を全く加えずに押出機のダイを通して麺線を作り出すことが重要である。熱を加えて糊化を進行しながら麺線を押し出すと、麺どうしの付着現象が発生し、以後の工程に良くない影響を及ぼすようになる。押出機のダイを通して麺線が作られると同時に、押出機の出口に冷風(麺線付着防止用エア15)を吹き込むと、麺線がやや乾燥して互いに付着しなくなる。
Step of forming noodle strings by an extruder When making noodle strings through the second extruder 14, heat is not applied to the starch of the blended powder by applying heat of about 100 ° C. as in the existing extrusion noodle manufacturing method. It is important to create noodle strings through the extruder die without any addition. When the noodle strings are pushed out while applying gelatin by applying heat, an adhesion phenomenon between the noodles occurs, which adversely affects the subsequent processes. When noodle strings are made through the die of the extruder and cold air (noodle string adhesion preventing air 15) is blown into the outlet of the extruder, the noodle strings are slightly dried and do not adhere to each other.

切断及び成形段階
上記のように形成された麺線は、20〜60cmの長さに切断して所定の枠(蝋型16)に入れる。
Cutting and forming steps The noodle strings formed as described above are cut into a length of 20 to 60 cm and placed in a predetermined frame (wax mold 16).

乾燥段階
乾燥は、大きく二つの段階に分けて行う。
すなわち、40〜70℃の低温、相対湿度20%以上で1〜20分間1次的に乾燥した後、60〜100℃で30〜60分間2次的に乾燥し、乾燥後の水分含量を9〜12%にする。
乾燥段階を、相対湿度を調節した状態での低温と高温の二つの段階に分ける理由は、乾燥が過度に速い場合、風に当たる表面が先に乾燥されて硬化されることで、却って内部の乾燥が遅れて形状が曲がり、内部応力にねじれが生じて乾燥中に折れてしまい、乾燥後に割れることから、斯かる現象を防止するために乾燥の速度を調節すべきであるためである。
Drying stage Drying is roughly divided into two stages.
That is, after first drying for 1 to 20 minutes at a low temperature of 40 to 70 ° C. and a relative humidity of 20% or more, it is secondarily dried at 60 to 100 ° C. for 30 to 60 minutes. ~ 12%.
The reason for dividing the drying stage into two stages, low temperature and high temperature with adjusted relative humidity, is that if the drying is too fast, the surface that hits the wind is first dried and hardened, so that the internal drying This is because the shape is bent with a delay, the internal stress is distorted, breaks during drying, and cracks after drying, and the drying speed should be adjusted to prevent this phenomenon.

麺線の表面が乾燥されると、内部との水分差が生じて内部水分が表面に移動するが、この内部水分の表面への移動が表面の乾燥より遅れると、上記のような悪い状況が発生してしまう。そのため、表面からの蒸発を減少させることで、内部からの水分拡散効果を試みることが重要である。
したがって、まず、低い温度で湿度を加えた状態で乾燥すると、上述したように、内部水分が先に表面に移動するようになる。
また、一般の熱風乾燥のみで実施した乾燥押出麺に比べて、温度を異ならせて乾燥した本発明によると、表面組織が緻密でないので、調理時の水分吸収が速くなり、復元力も増加するという効果を有する。一方、低温のみで長時間乾燥する場合、多くの乾燥時間が要求され、産業化時に工場レイアウトで過度に長い空間を占めるので、経済性の欠如及び産業化の障害などの問題が生じる。
When the surface of the noodle strings is dried, a moisture difference from the inside occurs, and the internal moisture moves to the surface. However, when the movement of the internal moisture to the surface is delayed from the drying of the surface, the above-mentioned bad situation occurs. Will occur. Therefore, it is important to try the moisture diffusion effect from the inside by reducing the evaporation from the surface.
Therefore, first, when drying is performed with humidity at a low temperature, the internal moisture first moves to the surface as described above.
In addition, according to the present invention, which is dried at different temperatures, compared to dry extruded noodles performed only by general hot air drying, the surface structure is not dense, so that moisture absorption during cooking is faster and the restoring force is also increased. Has an effect. On the other hand, when drying at a low temperature for a long time, a lot of drying time is required, and the factory layout occupies an excessively long space at the time of industrialization, resulting in problems such as lack of economy and obstacles to industrialization.

以下、本発明の製造方法によって製造された押出麺及びその製造方法を、各条件を異ならせた比較例と比較して説明する。
[実施例]
小麦粉60重量%と、ジャガイモ澱粉及びそば粉40重量%とを第1押出機に投入した。このとき、加水量は、麺混合物の30重量%にした。配合水には、精製塩を1重量%の範囲で予め溶解しておいた。
第1押出機に配合粉と配合水を投入しながら、バレルの温度を調節して捏ね段階と糊化段階を同時に行った。完成した捏ね物は、30℃に冷却した後、所定量ずつ第2押出機に投入して押し出した。このとき、ダイホールは、0.7mmの直径を有するものを用いた。
押出機を通して作られた麺線を40cmの長さに切断して蝋型に投入した後、乾燥器に移送した。ここで、1次予備乾燥を50℃、相対湿度45%で9分間行った後、2次乾燥を70℃で1時間実施した。
Hereinafter, the extruded noodles manufactured by the manufacturing method of the present invention and the manufacturing method thereof will be described in comparison with comparative examples in which the conditions are different.
[Example]
60% by weight of wheat flour and 40% by weight of potato starch and buckwheat flour were charged into the first extruder. At this time, the amount of water added was 30% by weight of the noodle mixture. In the blended water, the purified salt was previously dissolved in the range of 1% by weight.
The kneading step and the gelatinization step were simultaneously performed by adjusting the temperature of the barrel while adding the blended powder and the blended water to the first extruder. The finished kneaded material was cooled to 30 ° C., and then charged into the second extruder by a predetermined amount and extruded. At this time, the die hole having a diameter of 0.7 mm was used.
A noodle string made through an extruder was cut into a length of 40 cm and put into a wax mold, and then transferred to a dryer. Here, the primary preliminary drying was performed at 50 ° C. and a relative humidity of 45% for 9 minutes, and then the secondary drying was performed at 70 ° C. for 1 hour.

乾燥条件による実験結果を、次の[表1]に示した。

Figure 2008054677
[表1]から分かるように、1次乾燥を70℃以上の温度で行うと、多数のクラックが発生し、調理時に多数の麺線が切れる一方、40℃より低い温度で行うと、乾燥時間及び調理時間が長くなり、調理後にも硬い食感があって好ましくない。
また、2次乾燥を100℃より高い温度で行うと、クラックが発生し、調理時に麺線が切れる一方、60℃より低い温度で行うと、乾燥時間が2時間以上所要され、調理時間が4分以上に長くなる。 The experimental results under the drying conditions are shown in the following [Table 1].
Figure 2008054677
As can be seen from [Table 1], when the primary drying is performed at a temperature of 70 ° C. or more, many cracks are generated and many noodle strings are cut during cooking. And cooking time becomes long, and there is a hard texture after cooking, which is not preferable.
When secondary drying is performed at a temperature higher than 100 ° C., cracks occur and the noodle strings are cut during cooking. On the other hand, when the drying is performed at a temperature lower than 60 ° C., a drying time of 2 hours or more is required. Longer than a minute.

[比較例1]既存の押出麺の製造工程(熟麺)
実施例と同一の配合粉と配合水の構成によって捏ねた。
このとき、配合水は、配合粉に対して60重量%に加水した。
完成した捏ね物を押出機に投入して押し出した。このとき、押出機のダイホールは、0.8mmの直径を有し、100℃の高温で押し出し、冷却ファンを通して押し出された麺線を冷却してやや乾燥した。コンベヤを通過した麺線を40cmに切断し、10℃の冷蔵庫に入れて12時間の間冷蔵・熟成した。冷蔵を終えた麺は、−15℃以下の冷凍庫で約24時間の間冷凍した。冷凍を終えると、常温で解氷しながら麺線を分離し、酒精に約5秒間浸漬して殺菌した後、包装して冷麺を完成した。
[Comparative Example 1] Process for producing existing extruded noodles (ripe noodles)
It knead | mixed by the structure of the same mixing | blending powder and mixing water as an Example.
At this time, the blended water was added to 60% by weight with respect to the blended powder.
The finished kneaded material was put into an extruder and extruded. At this time, the die hole of the extruder had a diameter of 0.8 mm, was extruded at a high temperature of 100 ° C., and the noodle strings extruded through a cooling fan were cooled and slightly dried. The noodle strings that passed through the conveyor were cut into 40 cm, placed in a refrigerator at 10 ° C., and refrigerated and aged for 12 hours. The noodles that had been refrigerated were frozen for about 24 hours in a freezer at -15 ° C or lower. After freezing, the noodle strings were separated while de-icing at room temperature, immersed in alcohol for about 5 seconds to sterilize, and then packaged to complete cold noodles.

[比較例2]既存の押出麺の製造工程(乾燥押出麺)
比較例1と同一の方式で解氷までの工程を経た後、乾燥器内で約6時間の間乾燥して乾燥冷麺を製造した。
[Comparative Example 2] Manufacturing process of existing extruded noodles (dried extruded noodles)
After passing through the steps up to de-icing in the same manner as in Comparative Example 1, it was dried in a dryer for about 6 hours to produce dry cold noodles.

[比較例3]先行特許10―2000―0039891(特許文献1)
実施例と同一の配合で捏ねた後、押出速度より遅い移送コンベヤを通してウェーブを形成し、冷水を噴霧した後、実施例と同一の方法で乾燥して冷麺を製造した。
[Comparative Example 3] Prior Patent 10-2000-0039891 (Patent Document 1)
After kneading with the same composition as in the example, waves were formed through a transfer conveyor slower than the extrusion speed, sprayed with cold water, and then dried by the same method as in Example to produce cold noodles.

[比較例4]先行特許10―2000―0039890(特許文献2)
実施例と同一の配合で捏ねた後、押し出された麺帯は、一般のラーメン工程における圧延、切り出し、ウェーブ形成及び蒸熟工程を経る。その後、冷水による水噴霧によってウェーブを解きほぐし、これを蝋型に入れて実施例と同一の方法で乾燥して冷麺を製造した。
[Comparative Example 4] Prior Patent 10-2000-0039890 (Patent Document 2)
After kneading with the same composition as in the examples, the extruded noodle strip is subjected to rolling, cutting, wave formation and steaming steps in a general ramen process. Thereafter, the wave was unwound by spraying with cold water, put into a wax mold and dried by the same method as in Example to produce cold noodles.

[比較例5]一般の乾燥法
実施例と同一の方法で製造するが、80℃で45分間乾燥して押出麺を製造した。
[Comparative Example 5] General Drying Method Manufactured in the same manner as in Example, but dried at 80 ° C for 45 minutes to produce extruded noodles.

[比較例6]高温乾燥法
実施例と同一の方法で製造するが、120℃で7分間乾燥して押出麺を製造した。
[Comparative Example 6] High-temperature drying method Extruded noodles were produced by the same method as in Example, but dried at 120 ° C for 7 minutes.

[比較例7]
捏ね時に麺混合物に対する加水量を51重量%にして製造し、その他の工程は、実施例と同一にして押出麺を製造した。
[Comparative Example 7]
Extruded noodles were produced by adding 51% by weight of water to the noodle mixture at the time of kneading, and the other steps were the same as in the examples.

[比較例8]
第1押出機を通して糊化した捏ね物を、45℃の温度に維持した状態で第2押出機に投入し、それ以外の工程は、実施例と同一にして押出麺を製造した。
[Comparative Example 8]
The kneaded material gelatinized through the first extruder was charged into the second extruder while being maintained at a temperature of 45 ° C., and the other processes were the same as in the example to produce extruded noodles.

[比較例9]
50℃、相対湿度15%で9分間1次的に乾燥し、それ以外の工程は、実施例と同一にして押出麺を製造した。
[Comparative Example 9]
Extruded noodles were produced in the same manner as in Examples except that they were primarily dried for 9 minutes at 50 ° C. and 15% relative humidity.

[試験例1]
官能検査
上記の実施例と比較例1〜7から製造した押出麺の食感、全体的な嗜好度に対する官能検査をした。冷麺は、しこしこした食感が重要な要素であるので、しこしこした弾力性と全体的な選好度に分けて評価した。判定基準は、充分に訓練された専門官能試験要員15人が試食をし、それぞれ良好(5点)、やや良好(4点)、普通(3点)、やや不良(2点)、不良(1点)の5段階で評価し、その平均点によって判定した。試験結果は、下記の[表2]に示した。外観は、乾燥時の水分拡散によるクラック発生有無及びウェーブを判断の基準とした。解きほぐし性は、麺どうしの付着程度を判断する基準として、各冷麺の調理時間に合せて調理した後、良好〜不良の5段階で評価した。
また、長期間保管した後(3ケ月以上)、麺調理時の麺線切れ現象に対する試験結果も示した。押出麺は、インスタント化し、市場で3ケ月以上良い品質に維持することも重要である。調理時の麺線切れ現象の発生程度は、官能検査のような方法で評価した。
[Test Example 1]
Sensory test A sensory test was conducted on the texture and overall taste of the extruded noodles produced from the above Examples and Comparative Examples 1-7. Cold noodles were evaluated by dividing them into a little elasticity and overall preference, since the texture is an important factor. Judgment criteria were 15 well-trained professional sensory test personnel tasting, each with good (5 points), slightly good (4 points), normal (3 points), slightly bad (2 points), bad (1 The score was evaluated based on the average score. The test results are shown in [Table 2] below. The appearance was determined based on the presence or absence of cracks due to moisture diffusion during drying and the wave. Unraveling properties were evaluated in five stages from good to bad after cooking according to the cooking time of each cold noodle as a standard for judging the degree of adhesion between the noodles.
Moreover, after storing for a long time (3 months or more), the test result with respect to the phenomenon of noodle string breakage during noodle cooking was also shown. It is also important to make extruded noodles instant and maintain good quality for over 3 months in the market. The degree of occurrence of the noodle string breakage during cooking was evaluated by a method such as a sensory test.

Figure 2008054677
しこしこした弾力性においては、ほとんどがやや良好〜良好に示された。これは、押出を通して作った麺の乾燥による共通的な特徴といえる。比較例1の場合、熟麺の特性上、水分含量が乾燥押出麺に比べて高く、保存時の澱粉老化によってしこしこした食感が落ちることに示された。
外観においては、比較例3及び比較例4の場合、ウェーブ形状のためにラーメンのように見えて不良に示され、比較例6の場合は、120℃の高温で乾燥しながら麺の色相が明るくなるが、麺線の内部に形成された多数のクラックを発見できた。また、比較例9の場合も、クラックの発生程度は比較例6の場合に比べて少ないが、多数のクラックが発生し、長期間保存時に麺が折れる現象を示した。
Figure 2008054677
Most of the elasticity was slightly good to good. This is a common characteristic of drying noodles made through extrusion. In the case of the comparative example 1, it was shown that the moisture content was higher than that of the dried extruded noodles due to the characteristics of the ripe noodles, and the texture that had been agitated due to starch aging during storage was reduced.
In appearance, in the case of Comparative Example 3 and Comparative Example 4, it looks like a ramen due to the wave shape and is shown as poor, and in the case of Comparative Example 6, the hue of noodles is bright while drying at a high temperature of 120 ° C. However, many cracks formed inside the noodle strings were found. Further, in the case of Comparative Example 9, the degree of occurrence of cracks was less than that in Comparative Example 6, but a large number of cracks were generated, and the phenomenon that noodles broke during long-term storage was shown.

麺の官能評価において、麺どうしの付着によって団塊部分が残ると、品質判断に決定的な悪影響を及ぼすようになる。評価結果、[表2]に示すように、比較例7及び比較例8の場合、調理後にも麺どうしの付着部分が多くて不良に示され、比較例3及び比較例4の場合は、製造工程中にウェーブを解きほぐすために水噴霧をすると、乾燥前の麺表面の水によって麺どうしの付着現象がやや発生した。
品質的な側面において、本発明によって製造された押出麺は、既存の押出麺製造方式による製品と比較したとき、全体的な嗜好度が遥かに良好であることが分かる。
また、全体的な製造工程の時間と調理時間は、下記の[表3]に示す通りである。
In the sensory evaluation of noodles, if the nodule portion remains due to adhesion between the noodles, the quality judgment is adversely affected. As a result of evaluation, as shown in [Table 2], in the case of Comparative Example 7 and Comparative Example 8, there are many adhering portions between noodles even after cooking, and in the case of Comparative Example 3 and Comparative Example 4, When water was sprayed to unravel the wave during the process, the noodles adhered to each other slightly due to the water on the noodle surface before drying.
In terms of quality, it can be seen that the extruded noodles produced according to the present invention have a much better overall preference when compared to products by existing extruded noodle production methods.
The overall manufacturing process time and cooking time are as shown in [Table 3] below.

Figure 2008054677
[表3]に示すように、本発明による押出麺の製造方法は、既存の押出麺の製造方法である比較例1及び比較例2に比べると、製造時間を著しく短縮させることができ、大量生産及び製造工程も単純化できる。また、本発明の構成中、予め糊化した捏ね物から、押出機を通して麺線を作って乾燥する方式による実施例、比較例5及び比較例6の場合、製造時間が比較的短いことが分かる。
調理時間においては、麺の水分含量が相対的に高い比較例1の場合、1分で最も短かったし、従来の乾燥方式で作った麺は、2〜4分で相対的に長かった。乾燥押出麺の調理時間を比較すると、120℃の高温で乾燥する実施例及び比較例6の場合、上述したように、高温乾燥によって麺線表面の組織が相対的に緻密でなく、調理時の水分吸収が速くなって、約1分の調理時間減少効果がある。
また、比較例7及び比較例8の場合、調理時に麺線どうしが付着してよく解きほぐされないので、団塊部分が残り、これを解決するためには、調理時間が実施例の場合に比べて1分以上長くなるという短所があり、調理時間が長くなることで、麺の溶出量も急激に増加するという問題点を示した。
Figure 2008054677
As shown in [Table 3], the method for producing extruded noodles according to the present invention can significantly shorten the production time compared with Comparative Example 1 and Comparative Example 2 which are existing methods for producing extruded noodles. Production and manufacturing processes can also be simplified. Moreover, in the structure of this invention, it turns out that the manufacturing time is comparatively short in the case of the Example by the system which makes a noodle string and drys it through the extruder from the kneaded material previously gelatinized, Comparative Example 5 and Comparative Example 6 .
The cooking time was the shortest in 1 minute in Comparative Example 1 where the water content of the noodle was relatively high, and the noodles made by the conventional drying method were relatively long in 2 to 4 minutes. Comparing the cooking time of the dried extruded noodles, in the case of Example and Comparative Example 6 which are dried at a high temperature of 120 ° C., as described above, the structure of the surface of the noodle strings is not relatively dense due to the high temperature drying. Moisture absorption is accelerated and cooking time is reduced by about 1 minute.
Moreover, in the case of the comparative example 7 and the comparative example 8, since noodle strings adhere and do not unravel well at the time of cooking, in order to solve this, a cooking time is compared with the case of an Example. The problem is that the elution amount of noodles increases rapidly as cooking time increases.

本発明に係る製造方法を示した概略図である。It is the schematic which showed the manufacturing method which concerns on this invention.

符号の説明Explanation of symbols

11 水(配合水)
12 配合粉
13 第1押出機
14 第2押出機
15 麺線付着防止用エア
16 蝋型
17 乾燥
18 包装
11 Water (mixed water)
12 Compounding Powder 13 First Extruder 14 Second Extruder 15 Noodle Wire Adhesion Prevention Air 16 Wax Mold 17 Dry 18 Packaging

Claims (7)

麺材料を混合する段階と、
前記混合された麺材料及び配合水を、第1押出機を通して捏ねて糊化する段階と、
前記糊化した捏ね物を40℃以下に冷却させる段階と、
前記冷却して糊化した捏ね物を、第2押出機を通して麺線として押し出す段階と、
前記押し出された麺線を切断する段階と、
前記切断された麺線を所定量ずつ枠に入れて成形する段階と、
前記成形された麺を40〜70℃の温度、相対湿度20%以上で1〜20分間1次的に乾燥する段階と、
前記1次的に乾燥された麺を60〜100℃の温度で30〜60分間2次的に乾燥する段階と、
を含む押出麺の製造方法。
Mixing the noodle ingredients;
Kneading the mixed noodle material and compounded water through a first extruder to gelatinize;
Cooling the gelatinized kneaded material to 40 ° C. or lower;
Extruding the cooled and gelatinized kneaded material as a noodle string through a second extruder;
Cutting the extruded noodle strings;
Placing the cut noodle strings into a frame by a predetermined amount;
Drying the shaped noodles primarily at a temperature of 40 to 70 ° C. and a relative humidity of 20% or more for 1 to 20 minutes;
Secondary drying the primary dried noodles at a temperature of 60-100 ° C. for 30-60 minutes;
A method for producing extruded noodles.
前記麺材料は、小麦粉10〜90重量%と、ジャガイモ澱粉、サツマイモ澱粉、タピオカ澱粉、トウモロコシ澱粉、そば粉、黒米粉及びドングリ粉からなる群から選択された一つ以上の10〜90重量%とを含むことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の押出麺の製造方法。   The noodle material is 10 to 90% by weight of wheat flour and one or more 10 to 90% by weight selected from the group consisting of potato starch, sweet potato starch, tapioca starch, corn starch, buckwheat flour, black rice flour and acorn flour The method for producing extruded noodles according to claim 1, comprising: 前記配合水の添加量は、麺材料の重量に対して10〜50%であることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の押出麺の製造方法。   2. The method for producing extruded noodles according to claim 1, wherein the amount of the blended water is 10 to 50% with respect to the weight of the noodle material. 前記糊化段階後の捏ね物の糊化度は、70〜95%であることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の押出麺の製造方法。   The method for producing extruded noodles according to claim 1, wherein the degree of gelatinization of the kneaded material after the gelatinization step is 70 to 95%. 前記第1及び第2押出機のダイホールは、0.4〜1.5mmの直径を有することを特徴とする請求項1に記載の押出麺の製造方法。   The method for producing extruded noodles according to claim 1, wherein the die holes of the first and second extruders have a diameter of 0.4 to 1.5 mm. 前記第1押出機を通した捏ね物の糊化段階は、バレルから供給される熱と、原料とスクリューとのせん断現象によって供給される熱を受けてなされることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の押出麺の製造方法。   The gelatinization step of the kneaded material through the first extruder is performed by receiving heat supplied from a barrel and heat supplied by a shearing phenomenon between a raw material and a screw. The manufacturing method of the extrusion noodle of description. 前記押出麺は、うどん、冷麺、または唐麺であることを特徴とする請求項1乃至6に記載のいずれか1つの押出麺の製造方法。   The method for producing extruded noodles according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the extruded noodles are udon, cold noodles, or tang noodles.
JP2007215397A 2006-08-31 2007-08-22 Method for producing extruded noodle Pending JP2008054677A (en)

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KR1020070048068A KR20080020449A (en) 2006-08-31 2007-05-17 Method of producing noodle with short dring time and its product
KR1020070069732A KR20080020465A (en) 2006-08-31 2007-07-11 Method of producing noodle by extruder

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JP2013514078A (en) * 2009-12-16 2013-04-25 株式會社農心 Method for producing hollow noodles
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