JP2008050682A - Method for improving silverwares - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain a method for improving silverware capable of checking deterioration in the color tone of the surface caused by a film of silver sulfide and silver oxide characteristics of silver or a silver alloy as much as possible. <P>SOLUTION: This invention is characterized in that silverware is baked with a metallic material(s) such as ionized titanium having a potential lower than that of silver or titanium and vanadium at 200 to 300°C. According to this invention, the oxidation action of silver can be checked by the reduction action of electrons fed from titanium or titanium and vanadium ion-bonded to the surface of the silver plating (silver), and further, even if oxide and sulfide are stuck thereto, they can be easily cleaned away. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2008,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a method for improving silverware formed of silver or an alloy containing silver as a main component, and more specifically, surface color tone due to a silver sulfide or silver oxide coating characteristic of silver or a silver alloy. It is related with the improvement method of silverware which can prevent deterioration of as much as possible.

Conventionally, silver or an alloy containing silver as a main component has been widely used as jewelry or western tableware.
However, such silverware reacts with sulfur dioxide and hydrogen sulfide in the air to produce a turnish (a film made of silver sulfide) on its surface or a film of silver oxide that reacts with oxygen. However, the color tone of the surface gradually changes to yellow or black, and the original beautiful brightness of silver is lost.

  Therefore, as a means for removing the film formed on the surface, for example, polishing with an abrasive (Patent Document 1), or dipping in an acid detergent using a reducing agent (Patent Document 2), and further a reducing cleaning agent Various methods have been proposed, such as the use of (Patent Document 3), and provided for the convenience of consumers.

  Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 62-265399   JP 2003-27096 A   Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 4-214884

  Patent Document 1 proposes the use of calcium hydrogen phosphate and aluminum oxide as an abrasive, but using an abrasive is not a preferable method because it causes great damage to silverware.

  Further, Patent Document 2 cleans the silverware by reducing the silver sulfide generated on the surface of the silverware by the reducing agent and returning it to silver. However, this acid detergent also has a problem that damage to silverware is great. In general, thiourea is used as a reducing agent in such acid detergents. However, this thiourea has been pointed out as a carcinogenic problem. Use of a clean detergent is not preferable from the viewpoint of safety.

  Furthermore, Patent Document 3 proposes a cleaning agent containing a carbonate, an organic acid, and a reducing substance. This method uses the slight vibration generated when carbon dioxide gas generated by the reaction of carbonate and organic acid for cleaning, but the cleaning effect is not sufficient, and thiourea is used as a reducing substance. Therefore, similarly to the above, there is a problem in terms of safety.

  On the other hand, it is known that when aluminum is allowed to act on an alkali, a hydrogen atom having reducibility, so-called generation base hydrogen, is generated. Therefore, it has been studied to remove silver sulfide and silver oxide on the surface of silver by using hydrogen gas generated by the action of alkali on the aluminum, but the cleaning efficiency is low and it cannot be said to be a practical method.

  Also, silverware is rarely made of pure silver, and silver-plated silver alloys and silver alloys such as copper, zinc and nickel are widely used. Even if it is not a silver-plated product or silver alloy, these metal elements are often contained in silver in small amounts as impurities. Therefore, if an alkaline cleaner is used for silverware, the surface of the silverware will be damaged. Metal components other than silver, such as copper, zinc, and nickel, elute from the exposed parts of the base material such as the edge and edge, or from the alloy and impure components, and this eluted component is deposited on the surface of the silverware during the cleaning process. There has been a problem that damage has been caused to silverware, such as the phenomenon of re-adhesion in the plated state and new discoloration or re-discoloration.

  Furthermore, among silverware, in particular, silver tableware has organic stains or the like derived from ingredients, and such stains cannot be sufficiently cleaned with the conventional silverware cleaner as described above. There was also an indication.

  By the way, the inventor has developed an epoch-making method for dissociating (ionizing) mineral substances (= metal elements = mineral components) contained in plant seeds etc. as an electrolyte using fermentation technology, and using an electrostatic magnetic field and organic There is also a registration of a method for dissociating (ionizing) minerals that have no adverse effects or irritation on the human body from mineral-containing substances using acid solutions. And, by using these methods, technologies that could not be considered in the past, such as dissociating (ionizing) various metal elements such as gold, silver, copper, magnesium, zinc, manganese, aluminum, stainless steel, and platinum as electrolytes. Has also been established.

  In addition, it is known that a current flows from an element having a high standard electrode potential to a low element in a metal element, and electrons (electron-e) are supplied from the low element to the high element. This is also known to exhibit a reducing action opposite to the oxidizing action.

  Therefore, in the present invention, a standard electrode potential lower than that of silver (low potential) and an ionized metal element is baked on silverware at 200 ° C. to 300 ° C., and silver (silver plating) as a component of silverware is baked from this metal element. By constructing to supply electrons (electrons-e) to (part), the oxidation action that combines silver and oxygen is prevented as much as possible to maintain the beautiful brightness and color of silver.

  In this case, it is preferable to use titanium or titanium and vanadium as the ionized metal element having a lower standard electrode potential (lower potential) than silver and specifically, starch and / or cereal and the metal element. Dissolve titanium or titanium and vanadium contained in the raw material by adding purified water and koji mold to the raw material mixed with titanium or ionic solid or refined powder containing titanium and vanadium in a predetermined ratio And fermented ripening liquid containing about 1.0 wt% to 4.0 wt% of ionized titanium or ionized titanium and ionized vanadium after filtration.

  On the other hand, in the case of silverware that requires repair, the silverware is cleaned and then polished with a blanket, then subjected to silver plating in a conventional manner, and further, an ionized metal having a lower potential than silver as a metal element. The intended purpose is achieved by baking the elements at 200-300 ° C.

  Also in this case, it is preferable to use titanium or titanium and vanadium as an ionized metal element having a lower standard electrode potential (lower potential) than silver, specifically, starch and / or cereal and metal element. Dissolve titanium or titanium and vanadium contained in the raw material by adding purified water and koji mold to the raw material mixed with titanium or ionic solid or refined powder containing titanium and vanadium in a predetermined ratio And fermented ripening liquid containing about 1.0 wt% to 4.0 wt% of ionized titanium or ionized titanium and ionized vanadium after filtration.

  According to the method for improving silverware according to the present invention, since titanium silver or titanium Ti and vanadium V which are dissociated (ionized) at a lower potential than silver are ion-bonded and ion-coated on the surface of silver plating (silver), titanium In addition to preventing the oxidation of silver Ag and oxygen by the reduction action of supplying electrons (electron-e) from Ti or titanium Ti and vanadium V to the silver Ag plating portion, etc., oxides and sulfides are also present on the silver Ag surface. Therefore, it is possible to prevent dullness and discoloration of the surface color as much as possible.

  In addition, in the case of repair, not only can the plating surface be damaged by polishing powder, but also maintenance costs can be reduced by reducing labor costs, utility costs, material costs, etc. Can be achieved.

  Furthermore, the surface hardness can be enhanced together with the antioxidant action of the silverware itself, and various effects such as prevention of environmental contamination due to the abrasive and cleaning water can be achieved.

Next, the best mode is illustrated about the improvement method of the silverware which concerns on this invention, and it demonstrates in detail below.
That is, in FIG. 1, in this embodiment, a so-called nickel silver tableware 10 in which the surface of a nickel alloy is silver-plated is used as the improved silverware.

On the other hand, in the container 12, for example, tap water is filtered through a reverse osmosis membrane (RO), and purified water from which impurities are removed as much as possible is converted to a metal ion-containing liquid having a lower potential than silver, that is, A metal ion treated water 16 in which an ionized titanium-containing liquid 14 containing titanium Ti as ions is dissolved at a concentration of 5.0 wt% is prepared.
In this case, the ionized titanium-containing liquid 14 is fermented and matured by adding purified water and koji molds to a raw material in which starch and / or cereal and an ionic solid or fine powder containing titanium as a metal element are mixed at a predetermined ratio. Thus, the fermented maturation liquid containing 1.0 wt% to 4.0 wt% of titanium dissociated from the mixed raw material and further filtered and dissociated (ionized) is used.

  In the present embodiment, the ionized titanium-containing liquid 14 is used as the metal ion-containing liquid. However, the ionized titanium and ionized vanadium-containing liquids obtained by mixing the ionized vanadium-containing liquid obtained by fermentation and aging according to the same procedure are used. In this case, since the hardness of the tableware dish 10 as an improved product can be enhanced by the action of vanadium, the durability can be improved.

  Further, when the concentration of the ionized titanium-containing liquid 14 with respect to the metal ion treatment liquid 16 is 0.10 wt% or less, it takes a long time to improve the tableware 10, so that the efficiency is lowered, and it is necessary to make a quick modification. In some cases, if the ionized titanium-containing liquid 14 is processed as it is (100 wt%) in the container 12 without diluting with purified water, it is possible to improve the efficiency extremely, but the concentration is 5.0 wt%. It is not preferable from the viewpoint of cost effectiveness.

When the metal ion-treated water 16 is thus prepared, the dish plate 10 is heated by a heating device 18 such as an electric furnace, and then the dish plate 10 is put into the metal ion-treated water (room temperature) 16 in the container 12. Then, the dissociated (ionized) titanium is baked. This work activates the molecular movement of the metal element as a composition by heating the dish 10, and in this active state, the titanium dissociated as ions (electrolytes) in the metal ion-treated water 14 is subjected to silver plating. Are crosslinked or coated (see FIG. 2).
In this case, the heating temperature of the dish 10 by the heating device 18 is preferably about 250 ° C. for about 3 minutes to 5 minutes. However, if the silverware is a solder product, the heating is performed at 200 ° C. or lower. The upper limit is preferably 300 ° C.

  On the other hand, in another container 20, a second metal prepared by dissolving 0.1 wt% of the ionized titanium-containing liquid 14 in purified water from which impurities have been removed as much as possible with a reverse osmosis membrane (RO) as described above. Ion-treated water (room temperature) 22 is prepared, and the tableware 10 immediately after being immersed in the metal ion-treated water 16 is immersed in the second ion-treated water 22 to adhere to the tableware 10 ( The organic acid or the like) contained in the metal ion treated water 16 is washed.

  In the dish plate 24 obtained by the treatment, titanium Ti is ion-bonded and coated on the silver Ag plated portion of the surface of the base material. The titanium Ti is a standard electrode potential with silver Ag. From this difference, current flows from the silver Ag plated portion to the titanium Ti, while on the other hand, electrons (electrons-e) continue to be supplied from the titanium Ti to the silver Ag plated portion, so that a reduction action occurs in the silver Ag plated portion. In addition, an oxide film or the like is hardly formed on the silver Ag plated portion, and even if an oxide film or a sulfide is generated or remains depending on use, the titanium Ti is ion-bonded and is on the coated portion. Therefore, it can be easily washed away with a neutral detergent or the like, and dullness and discoloration of the surface color can be prevented as much as possible (see FIG. 3).

  The obtained tableware 24 was subjected to a qualitative analysis with a fluorescent X-ray film thickness meter (manufactured by Seiko Instruments Inc., Micro Element Monitor SEA5120, Osaka City Industrial Research Laboratory), and together with copper, zinc and silver The presence of titanium was confirmed.

Next, a silver plate discoloration resistance test (Osaka City Industrial Research Institute) was performed on the dish 24 obtained by the above-described treatment and the same untreated dish 10.
First, egg yolks of chicken eggs were applied to a part of the untreated dish 10 and the treated dish 24 with a cotton swab, and conditions 1 (60 ° C., left for 1 week at 90% relative humidity) and conditions 2 (100 ° C. dried) After standing in the atmosphere for 1 hour, a corrosion acceleration test was conducted at 40 ° C. and a relative humidity of 90% for 24 hours, and the color of each dish and the presence or absence of corrosion were evaluated by visual observation.

  From the above results, the treated dish 24 is more resistant to corrosion by sulfide than the untreated dish 10 and is therefore improved to a silverware that is less likely to rust and corrode, reducing silver damage. It turns out that you can extend its lifespan.

  In addition, in this Embodiment, although demonstrated about the improvement method of the unused tableware 10 as silverware, in the case of the tableware (silverware) 26 which needs repair (repair), as shown in FIG. The dish 26 is first cleaned, and then, if necessary, it is repaired by sheet metal or welding, and then the dish 26 is polished with a blanket and further subjected to pretreatment by silver silver plating of about 3.8 μm by a regular method. It is sufficient to perform the repair by moving to the procedure of FIG.

  Furthermore, although titanium or titanium and vanadium have been illustrated and described as examples of metal elements having a lower potential than silver as a metal element and being ionized, other various elements can be used as long as they are metal elements having a lower potential than silver and ionized. It goes without saying that these metal elements can also be suitably used.

It is a schematic procedure explanatory drawing which shows the best form in the improvement method of the silverware which concerns on this invention. It is a schematic explanatory drawing of the cross-sectional part in the tableware shown in FIG. It is explanatory drawing which shows the flow of an electron and an electric current in the tableware shown in FIG. It is procedure explanatory drawing of the pre-process in the repair method of the silverware which concerns on this invention.

Explanation of symbols

10 ... Tableware (unprocessed)
12 ... Container 14 ... Ionized titanium-containing liquid 16 ... Metal ion treatment liquid 18 ... Heating device,
20 ... container 22 ... second metal ion treatment liquid 24 ... treated dish 26 ... repaired dish 28 ... pre-treated dish

Claims (6)

  A method for improving silverware, characterized in that an ionized metal element having a lower potential than silver as a metal element is baked on silverware at 200 ° C to 300 ° C.   The method for improving silverware according to claim 1, wherein titanium or titanium and vanadium are used as the ionized metal element.   Titanium or titanium and vanadium as ionized metal elements are purified water in a raw material in which starch and / or cereals and ionic solid or fine powder containing titanium or titanium and vanadium as metal elements are mixed at a predetermined ratio. And titanium and titanium and vanadium contained in the raw material are dissociated by adding fermented and koji molds and fermented and matured, and further filtered and fermented and matured containing 1.0 wt% to 4.0 wt% of ionized titanium or ionized titanium and ionized vanadium The method for improving silverware according to claim 2, wherein the silverware is a liquid.   After cleaning the silverware that needs repairing, it is polished with a blanket, and then the silverware is subjected to a silver plating process by a conventional method. Further, an ionized metal element having a potential lower than that of silver as a metal element is 200 ° C. to A method for repairing silverware, characterized by baking at 300 ° C.   The method for repairing silverware according to claim 4, wherein titanium or titanium and vanadium are used as a metal element having a lower potential than silver and ionized.   Titanium or titanium and vanadium as ionized metal elements are purified water in a raw material in which starch and / or cereals and ionic solid or fine powder containing titanium or titanium and vanadium as metal elements are mixed at a predetermined ratio. And titanium and titanium and vanadium contained in the raw material are dissociated by adding fermented and koji molds and fermented and matured, and further filtered and fermented and matured containing 1.0 wt% to 4.0 wt% of ionized titanium or ionized titanium and ionized vanadium 6. The method for repairing silverware according to claim 5, wherein the method is a liquid.

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