JP2008045890A - Ground displacement measuring system, light reflector installation method used for it, and light reflector installation apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To measure and monitor the displacement of a residual wall in a noncontact manner and precisely without entering a landslide site in order to ensure the safety of collapsed sediment removal and countermeasures. <P>SOLUTION: The ground displacement measuring system comprises a container 2 containing retroreflective paint, an arrow-shaped flier 3 to which the container is attached to be flown toward an object under measurement, and a launcher for flying the arrow-shaped flier. The container collides with the object, then releases the retroreflective paint to form a light reflector 5 on the object. By flying the arrow-shaped flier toward especially a slope at which a landslide is predicted and a residual wall or rock after a landslide as the object, the light reflector is formed without entering the landslide site. The displacement of the object is measured by a light wave distance measuring instrument such as a total station or an optical measuring instrument such as a laser range finder with the formed light reflector set as a target. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2008,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a non-contact ground displacement measurement system for measuring the amount of displacement of an expected landslide, a remaining wall surface after a landslide collapse, etc. on a natural slope, etc., and a light reflector used therefor. is there.

  When a landslide collapse occurs on a natural slope, etc., when landslides are urgently removed or countermeasures are implemented, work is performed directly under the remaining collapse wall. It is necessary to prevent the next disaster. For this reason, for example, an extensometer is installed with the upper part of the remaining collapse wall outside the landslide fluctuation range, and the tip of the invar wire drawn from the extensometer is fixed near the end of the remaining collapse wall, and the amount of expansion and contraction is measured. By doing so, a measurement method for monitoring the fluctuation of the collapsed residual wall is known.

  In addition, a system has been proposed in which one or a plurality of points are determined on the remaining collapse wall surface, and the displacement is monitored by directly measuring the displacement with an optical ranging device called a total station.

  On the other hand, Patent Document 1 discloses a light reflector that is installed at one or more observation points, and that emits light toward the light reflector, receives light reflected by the light reflector, and receives the light. Compare the measured value of this laser level meter with a predetermined reference value, and when the difference between the measured value and the reference value exceeds a predetermined value, the observation point will collapse A collapse detection system including a collapse determination unit that determines that a failure has occurred is disclosed.

JP 2001-133299 A

  However, in the case of measuring the amount of expansion / contraction using the extensometer described above, it is necessary to carry out human work such as carrying in equipment, installing piles for installation or fixing, and running cables to install the extensometer. There is a human danger such as having to.

  In addition, in the case of a collapse monitoring system using a total station, a light reflector is required at a monitoring point because light is used, but there is no method for installing a light reflector at a point determined on the remaining collapse wall. . Measurements may be made by applying a laser directly to the remaining collapse wall, but when measuring the same point multiple times, such as in the early morning, evening or night, or in anticipation, the measurement location is not clear. The positioning of the monitoring point takes time, and there are problems such as an increase in error by the person in charge of measurement.

  On the other hand, even in the collapse detection system disclosed in Patent Document 1, it is necessary to install a light reflector at an observation point. If the light reflector is installed sufficiently before the time when the landslide is expected, there is little human risk, but if this fall detection system is to be applied to monitoring the fluctuation of the remaining wall after the landslide collapse. In order to install the light reflector, it is necessary to enter the collapsed land and the remaining collapsed wall after the collapse.

  The present invention has been made in order to solve these problems according to the prior art, and a light reflector installation method and a light reflection method capable of installing a light reflector from a distance without entering a collapsed area or a collapsed remaining wall surface. It is an object to provide a body setting device.

  The present invention also makes it easy to specify a measurement point even when the surroundings are dim, such as in the morning, evening, and night, and the measurement point becomes clear no matter who performs measurement even when measuring the same point multiple times. It is an object to provide a ground displacement measurement system.

  According to the present invention, when the container containing the reflective paint, which is a light reflector formation, is made to fly toward the measurement target, the reflective paint is opened when the container collides with the measurement target, and the measurement target is opened. A light reflector installation method is provided in which a light reflector is formed. This light reflector installation method is particularly suitable when the measurement target is a slope where a landslide is expected, a remaining wall surface after a landslide collapse, or a rock mass.

  According to the present invention, a container containing a reflective paint that is a light reflector formation, a sagittal flying object that is mounted on the container and is blown toward a measurement object, and the sagittal flying object is caused to fly. When the container collides with the measurement object, the reflection paint is released to form a light reflector on the measurement object. In this light reflector installation device, the sagittal projectile has a direction control function, and the launch device has an angle adjustment function capable of adjusting the launch angle in the horizontal direction and the vertical direction, and is expected to cause a landslide. The sagittal projectile is caused to fly toward the measurement target of the slope, the remaining wall surface after the landslide collapse, and the rock mass.

  Further according to the present invention, a container containing a reflective paint, which is a light reflector formation, and a slope on which a landslide is expected by mounting the container, a remaining wall surface after a landslide collapse, and a place where a rock mass is to be measured A sagittal flying body to be blown off and a launching device for causing the sagittal flying body to fly, and when the container collides with the measurement target location, the container opens the reflective paint and the light reflector is applied to the measurement target location. And measuring the displacement of the light reflector as the displacement of the measurement target portion. The optical measurement device measures the displacement of the light reflector formed at the measurement target location from a predetermined position. A ground displacement measurement system characterized by the above is provided.

  In the above-described light reflector installation device and ground displacement measurement system, the sagittal projectile has a direction control function, and the launch device has an angle adjustment function capable of adjusting the launch angle in the horizontal direction and the vertical direction. The sagittal flying body is caused to fly toward the measurement target portion.

  When the light reflector installation device according to the present invention is applied to the remaining wall surface after the landslide collapse, the following is performed. Reflective paints, particularly retroreflective paints, are used to install light reflectors on the remaining wall surface. In order to install the light reflector on the remaining wall surface from a distance, it is necessary to fly the reflective paint from the direction (front, upper, lower, side, etc.) facing the remaining wall surface to reach the remaining wall surface. For this purpose, the reflective paint is contained in a container made of a fragile material such as glass, plastic or paper. In addition, this container is attached to a sagittal flying body having a direction control function to reach the remaining wall surface, and in order to fly this sagittal flying body, a horizontal direction and a vertical direction using a bow, a crossbow, a pachinko, etc. A launcher with a directional angle adjustment function is used.

  Targeting the light reflector installed on the remaining wall surface after the landslide collapse using such a light reflector installation device, the remaining wall surface is measured by an optical measuring device such as a light wave ranging device such as a total station or a laser ranging device. By measuring the displacement, a non-contact accurate ground displacement measurement system is provided.

  According to the light reflector installation method and the light reflector installation device according to the present invention, the light reflector can be installed without entering a dangerous slope or a remaining wall surface after the landslide collapse. In addition, since the remaining wall surface is marked with a light reflector, measurement feature points with a light reflector can be provided on the remaining wall surface with few features in shape. However, it is possible to find the measurement point quickly without fail. Further, even when the periphery of the remaining wall is dark, it is easy to specify the measurement point, and the displacement of the measurement point can be measured even in the early morning, evening, or night.

  Therefore, according to the ground displacement measurement system using the light reflector installation method and the light reflector installation device according to the present invention, a light wave ranging device such as a total station targeting the light reflector described above, a laser ranging device, etc. It becomes possible to perform displacement measurement with high accuracy by the optical measuring instrument.

  With reference to FIGS. 1-5, one Embodiment of the light reflector installation apparatus by this invention is described.

  FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram illustrating an example of a light reflector installation device. In FIG. 1, a reflective paint is used to form and install the light reflector 5 from a distance on the measurement target portion of the remaining wall surface 100 after the landslide collapse. The reflective paint is particularly preferably a retroreflective paint. This reflective paint is accommodated in the container 2. A sagittal flying body 3 having a direction control function is used to cause the container 2 to reach the measurement target portion of the remaining wall surface 100. That is, the container 2 is attached to the tip of the sagittal flying body 3. The container 2 encloses the reflective paint until it reaches the measurement target location on the remaining wall surface 100, breaks at the same time as reaching the measurement target location, and releases the reflective paint. Further, in order to fly the sagittal flying object 3, a launching device having a launching mechanism 4 (bow, crossbow, pachinko, etc.) and a launch pad 7 having horizontal and vertical position and angle adjustment functions is used. . Of course, the launcher is installed in a place with a low risk, sufficiently away from the remaining wall surface 100. In this manner, the light reflector 5 made of the reflective paint can be formed and installed at the measurement target portion of the remaining wall surface 100 from the direction (front, upper, lower, side, etc.) facing the remaining wall surface 100.

  FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing various container shapes for containing the reflective paint and breaking when colliding with a measurement target location on the remaining wall surface to spread and fix the reflective paint to a certain area. 2 (a) shows a spindle-shaped container 2, FIG. 2 (b) shows a thin cylindrical container 2, FIG. 2 (c) shows a spherical container 2, and FIG. 2 (d) shows a short cylindrical container 2. As shown, it is desirable for the shape to be as resistant to air resistance as possible during flight. These containers 2 use materials such as glass, plastic, and paper, and have a structure that can be easily fixed to the flying object. That is, as shown in FIG. 2, it has the holding | maintenance part 2-1 in the rear part of the container 2 main body, and the attaching part 2-2 is fixed to this holding | maintenance part 2-1. The attachment portion 2-2 is attached so as to be press-fitted into a hole provided on the distal end side of the sagittal flying body 3 or to be screwed into a female screw provided on the distal end side of the sagittal flying body 3 as a male screw. The reflective paint can form a retroreflector made of a retroreflective paint with excellent visibility by mixing glass beads, metal fine particles and the like into the reflective paint to enhance the light reflection performance.

  FIG. 3 shows a state in which the container 2 is attached to the tip of the sagittal flying body 3. The sagittal flying body 3 is provided with a direction control function for maintaining straight travel by having an arrow feather at its rear part.

  FIG. 4 is a schematic view showing an example of a launching device having a launching mechanism 4 and a launching platform 7 for causing the sagittal flying body 3 to fly.

  The launching mechanism 4 includes an aim 10 and the aim 10 is set high so that the target can be visually recognized even when the launching mechanism 4 is directed upward or downward. The aiming 10 includes a 1 mm slit (not shown) so that the aiming mechanism 4 can be collimated even when the launching mechanism 4 is changed upward or downward to about 45 degrees.

  The launch pad 7 can be transported by one person, and is manufactured in a weight range of 20 to 30 kg so that it can withstand the recoil when the sagittal flying body 3 is launched. The launch pad 7 also has a function of adjusting the position and angle of the launch mechanism 4 with respect to the horizontal direction and the vertical direction by a known horizontal adjustment mechanism, rotation mechanism, and elevation angle adjustment mechanism.

  The launching mechanism 4 can always be fixed at the same position on the launch pad 7 even if the launching mechanism 4 is removed and reattached when the light reflector 5 is installed at a plurality of measurement target locations. In order to prevent the posture of the firing mechanism 4 from being shaken, for example, a fixing method using a strong magnet is employed.

  With such a launching device, it is considered that the launching mechanism 4 can be fixed with good reproducibility for removal and reattachment.

  FIG. 5 shows a case of a bow with a tension generator 11 and a tension transmitter 12 as an example of a firing mechanism.

  The launch pad 7 shown in FIG. 4 is fixed to the ground or the like with a tripod 8 with the front of the launch pad 7 facing the remaining wall surface 100, and the launch pad 7 is installed so as to be substantially horizontal. The launch mechanism 4 equipped with the aim 10 is fixed to the launch pad 7, and the measurement target location on the remaining wall surface 100 is determined by the horizontal adjustment mechanism, the rotation mechanism, the elevation angle adjustment mechanism, etc. A sagittal flying object 3 is set on the launching mechanism 4 such as a bow, crossbow, pachinko or the like so that the container 2 faces forward, and the tension transmitting body 12 shown in FIG. Thus, the sagittal flying body 3 is launched toward the measurement target portion by the tension of the tension generating body 11. When the sagittal flying body 3 collides with the measurement target portion of the remaining wall surface 100, the container 2 is broken and the reflective paint is released, the reflective paint spreads and settles over a certain area, and the light reflector 5 is formed at the measurement target portion. To do.

  FIG. 6 shows the measurement of the displacement of the measurement target portion with the optical measuring device 1 such as a total station or a laser distance measuring device, targeting the light reflector 5 formed and installed in the measurement target portion on the remaining wall surface 100 as described above. It is the schematic which shows one embodiment to do.

  Since the technique for measuring the displacement of the measurement object by the optical measuring device 1 such as a total station or a laser distance measuring device is well known, detailed description thereof will be omitted.

  The measurement by the optical measuring device 1 is preferably performed by the operator at the installation site of the optical measuring device 1 in the case of measuring the remaining wall surface after the landslide collapse, but the measurement of the slope or cliff where the landslide is expected is measured. In this case, the optical measuring device 1 may be configured to be remotely operated. In this case, it is desirable to provide a remote control camera in order to search for the displaced light reflector. Note that the total station is suitable for remote monitoring and measurement because it has a multi-function such as an imaging function and an automatic tracking function.

  As described above, the light reflector 5 formed on the remaining wall surface 100 shown in FIG. 6 is used as a measurement target point, and the displacement of the remaining wall surface is performed by the optical measuring device 1 such as a light wave distance measuring device such as a total station or a laser distance measuring device. Displacement measurement can be performed with high accuracy by monitoring and measuring.

  As mentioned above, although the case where the embodiment of the present invention is applied to the remaining wall surface and rock mass after the landslide collapse has been described, the scope of the present invention is not limited to this, the slope where the landslide is expected and the cliff where the collapse is expected It can also be applied to monitoring and measuring the above, as well as displacement measurement of buildings and structures.

FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing an embodiment of a light reflector installation device according to the present invention. FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing various container shapes for accommodating the reflective paint and spreading the reflective paint over a certain area and fixing it when reaching the measurement target location on the remaining wall surface. FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram illustrating an example of a sagittal flying body for causing the container illustrated in FIG. 2 to reach a measurement target location. FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram showing an example of a launching device for causing the sagittal flying body shown in FIG. 3 to fly. FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram showing an example of a launching mechanism for flying a sagittal flying body. FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram showing an example of a ground displacement measurement system that measures the displacement of a measurement target location with an optical measurement device using the light reflector formed according to the present invention as a target.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Optical measuring device 2 Container 3 Sagittal flight object 4 Launching mechanism 5 Light reflector 7 Launch pad 100 Remaining wall surface after landslide collapse

Claims (6)

  A container containing a reflective paint, which is a light reflector formation product, is made to fly toward the measurement target, and when the container collides with the measurement target, the reflective paint is opened to form a light reflector on the measurement target. A method of installing a light reflector, characterized in that:   The light reflector installation method according to claim 1, wherein the measurement target is a slope where a landslide is expected, a remaining wall surface or a rock after landslide collapse.   A container containing a reflective paint, which is a light reflector formation, a sagittal flying object that is mounted on the container and is blown toward a measurement target, and a launching device for causing the sagittal flying object to fly When the said container collides with the said measurement object, the said reflective coating material is open | released and a light reflector is formed in the said measurement object, The light reflector installation apparatus characterized by the above-mentioned.   4. The sagittal projectile according to claim 3, wherein the sagittal projectile has a direction control function, and the launch device has an angle adjustment function capable of adjusting a launch angle in the horizontal direction and the vertical direction, and a slope or landslide collapse expected to be a landslide. A light reflector installation device characterized by causing the sagittal flying object to fly toward the measurement object of the remaining remaining wall surface or rock mass.   A container containing a reflective paint that is a light reflector formation, a sagittal flying object that is mounted on the container and is blown toward a measurement target location on the ground, and a launching device for causing the sagittal flying object to fly When the container collides with the measurement target location, the container opens the reflective paint to form a light reflector on the measurement target location, and further reflects the light reflected on the measurement target location from a predetermined position. A ground displacement measuring system comprising an optical measuring device for measuring body displacement, and measuring the displacement of the light reflector as the ground displacement. 6. The sagittal projectile according to claim 5, wherein the sagittal projectile has a direction control function, and the launch device has an angle adjustment function capable of adjusting a launch angle with respect to a horizontal direction and a vertical direction. A ground displacement measurement system in which the sagittal flying object is caused to fly toward the remaining remaining wall surface or rock mass as the measurement target portion.

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