JP2008036482A - Smoking furnace for organic waste of paper, plastic or the like - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a smoking furnace which enables uniform heating and carries out uniform smoking by evenly supplying negative ions. <P>SOLUTION: A cylindrical furnace body comprises the upper part 11 of the furnace body having a water jacket W-J and the lower part 12 of the furnace body comprising a fire-resisting material and a heat-insulating material. The upper part 11 of the furnace body is provided with a hopper 4 which supplies crushed gypsum paper pieces, plastic films or the like in the furnace, a negative ion generating device 27 for uniformly and dispersingly supplying air and the negative ions is provided in the lower part 12 of the furnace body, and a ceramic ash taking-out device 28 comprising a picking roller is arranged below the negative ion generating device 27. Accordingly, a material to be treated is smoked uniformly and evenly. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2008,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a smoldering furnace for sintering organic waste such as waste paper and plastic that is not suitable for reuse and recycling.

  At present, organic waste includes paper, plastic, wood, and garbage. Of these organic wastes, those with relatively little dirt are recycled and recycled, while those not suitable for recycling are burned or disposed of in landfills. There is known a smoldering furnace in which these organic substances are sintered without burning and greatly reduced in volume and recovered as ceramics (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2004-136249). In this flame-fired furnace, there is provided an inlet for introducing the processed material in the central part of the square columnar furnace body, and the processed material supplied from the inlet is in a state where oxygen is insufficient and negative ions are supplied. The ceramic residue layer, the carbonized layer, the dry layer, and the untreated layer are formed from the bottom of the furnace.

A negative ion generator is provided in the upper part of the smoldering furnace, and the negative ions generated here are supplied to the ceramic residue layer and the carbonized layer to form a reducing atmosphere.
JP 2004-136249 A

  However, in the above-mentioned smoldering furnace, since the furnace body has a quadrangular prism shape, sufficient heat and negative ions are not supplied to the corners, so that smoldering is not carried out on average, and so-called “burning unevenness” only occurs. In addition, there is a problem in that negative ions are not evenly sent into the processing chamber, and there is “unevenness” in the reducing atmosphere, so that complete calcination cannot occur.

  Therefore, the waste organic matter smoldering furnace of the present invention includes a cylindrical furnace body, a negative ion supply device that is disposed at the bottom of the furnace body and supplies negative ions together with air at the bottom of the furnace body, and is sintered and ceramics. A ceramic ash extraction device for automatically removing the ceramic ash, and the negative ion supply device includes an air pipe arranged so as to be uniformly dispersed in the ceramic ash layer and the carbonized layer at the bottom of the furnace. And negative ions are supplied from these air tubes to the bottom of the furnace.

  The furnace body in contact with the object to be treated is a furnace body lower part comprising a refractory material and a heat insulating material covering the outer periphery thereof, and an upper part of the furnace body provided with a water jacket for cooling a gas generated by heating the object to be treated. The upper part of the furnace body is provided with a hopper for automatically supplying the pulverized workpiece.

  In addition, the negative ion supply device is provided horizontally with a pair of air mother pipes for sending air arranged to sandwich the furnace outside the furnace body, and through the furnace between the air mother pipes. Corresponding to the mounting position of the horizontal air pipe on the air main pipe, a large number of vertical air pipes that are uniformly distributed at predetermined intervals in the furnace portion of the horizontal air pipe, and arranged vertically The vertical air pipe is provided with a plurality of air nozzles for injecting air into the carbonized layer and the ceramic layer and flowing the powder of those layers. Flowing air and negative ions flow out from.

  Furthermore, the ceramic ash extraction device comprises a cutting rotor which is provided below the ceramic ash layer and is freely rotatable and is disposed adjacent to a plurality of horizontally.

  According to the present invention, the furnace body has a cylindrical shape, and is uniformly and uniformly smoldered compared to a rectangular tube, and the negative ion supply device has negative ions uniformly distributed in the furnace. Since the air pipe uniformly supplies the ceramic layer and the carbonized layer, the inside of the furnace can be completely reduced. In addition, the hopper provided at the top of the furnace can automatically supply gypsum paper, agricultural vinyl, etc. crushed to a certain size into the furnace without automatically sending air from the outside into the furnace. Since the ceramic ash extraction device can automatically extract the ceramic ash that has been discharged, it becomes possible to continuously input waste organic matter, and the processing capacity of the object to be processed is improved.

  Further, if a water jacket is provided at the upper part of the furnace body, the exhaust gas generated during the calcination can be cooled, the generation of toxic gas can be prevented, and the temperature of the upper part of the furnace body is lowered to reduce the generation amount of soot.

  Furthermore, if the negative ion supply device is composed of a pair of air mother pipes, a horizontal air pipe and a vertical air pipe, and the vertical air pipes are uniformly distributed in the furnace, the negative ions are sent uniformly to the bottom of the furnace. In addition, the inside of the furnace can be averaged in a reducing atmosphere, and the calcination of the processed material is performed evenly.

  Furthermore, if a ceramic cutting roller is provided below the ceramic ash layer, the ceramic collected by the rotation of the cutting roller can be automatically taken out and adjusted.

  The best mode for carrying out the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

  The wood burning furnace of the present invention can treat waste organic matter in general, and examples of waste organic matter include waste paper, waste plastic, garbage, wood, etc. Some of them cannot be recycled or reused due to other substances being mixed. For example, waste gypsum board is first crushed and divided into gypsum powder and gypsum paper, and the classified gypsum powder is reused, but there is no means to effectively use the gypsum paper with gypsum powder attached. It was. In addition, agricultural vinyl is attached to earth and sand, and it is expensive to process, and is not used effectively. The smoldering furnace of the present invention is suitable for crushing and sintering a film-like material such as gypsum paper or agricultural vinyl.

  FIG. 1 shows an optimal smoldering system for the treatment of waste gypsum paper or waste agricultural vinyl. In order to process the waste gypsum board, first, they are pulverized by a crusher, and the pulverized one is put into a trommel sorter and sorted to be divided into gypsum powder and gypsum paper. The gypsum powder is stored in a silo, and is transported to a gypsum board manufacturer for recycling. Agricultural vinyl is crushed by a crusher. The gypsum paper or agricultural vinyl is collected in a flexible container pack fp, lifted by a crane 2 by a forklift 1, and supplied to a hopper 4 of a wood burning furnace 3 of the present invention. The gypsum paper or plastic is sintered in the smoldering furnace 3 to produce ceramics below. The ceramics are sent to the ceramic silo 7 by the air blown from the blower 6 as the rotary valve 5 is opened and closed, and collected in the container 8, and reused as valuable resources such as a deodorant, an antibacterial agent, and a soil conditioner. . Exhaust gas is discharged from the upper part of the sinter furnace 3, and this exhaust gas contains a large amount of tar, and this tar is recovered in the lower part of the tar removal tank 15 that is cooled by air, The exhaust gas from which is removed is discharged through a gas decomposition apparatus 16 such as a plasma decomposition apparatus.

  2 to 4, the flame firing furnace 3 has a cylindrical main body 9, and the main body 9 includes a refractory material 9 a and a furnace main body lower part 10 including a heat insulating material 9 b covering the outer periphery of the refractory material 9 a. And a furnace body upper part 11 forming a water jacket WJ. The furnace body lower part 10 is supported by a frame F. On the top surface of the furnace body upper part 11, a steam discharge pipe 12 for evaporating steam evaporating from the water jacket W · J is erected, and the water jacket W · J has a side part of the furnace body upper part 11. Water is supplied from a water supply auxiliary tank 13 provided in the tank. The water level of the water supply auxiliary tank 13 indicates the water level of the water jacket WJ, and the water level of the water supply auxiliary tank 13 is monitored to supply water from the outside. That is, the water supply auxiliary tank 13 is provided with a level meter 50 and feed pipes 51 and 51 for sending water to the water jacket WJ, and the water supply auxiliary tank 13 passes through the pipe 52 from the outside. Water is replenished. Since the inside of the furnace is cooled (about 200 ° C.) by the water jacket WJ, the tar part in the exhaust gas is liquefied and covers the furnace inner wall to protect it, and the generation amount of dust is reduced.

  The charging hopper 4 is provided on a side portion of the furnace body upper portion 11, and the charging hopper 4 has an inverted triangular shape in a vertical cross section, and a bridge breaker 21 including rotating blades rotated by a motor 20 is included therein. A biaxial screw conveyor 22 is attached to the lower portion of the hopper 4. The conveyor 22 is driven by a motor 22a and extends to the furnace center of the furnace main body upper portion 11, so that the pulverized workpieces are sequentially fed into the furnace main body. In the calcination furnace 3, a ceramic layer, a carbonized layer, a dry layer, and an untreated layer are formed from the bottom up to the center of the height of the entire furnace, and the upper surface of the processed material descends as the calcination progresses. Accordingly, the workpieces are sequentially supplied by the conveyor 22, and the generated ceramics present in the lowermost layer are sequentially discharged by a ceramic ash extraction device described later. Further, an exhaust gas pipe 23 is provided on the side wall of the furnace body upper portion 11, and exhaust gas (particularly including tar content) during smoldering is sent from the exhaust gas pipe 23 to the tar removal tank 15 (FIG. 1). Further, level sensors 24 and 24 for detecting the upper surface of the treatment layer, temperature sensors 25 and 25 for detecting the temperature in the furnace, and a pressure sensor 26 for detecting the pressure in the furnace are provided on the side wall of the upper part 11 of the furnace body. Yes.

  A negative ion supply device 27 is provided in the furnace body lower portion 12, and a ceramic ash extraction device 28 for sequentially discharging the generated ceramics is provided below the furnace main body 12. A ceramic hopper 29 is provided below the device 28. The rotary valve 5 is attached to the lower end of the hopper 29.

  An ignition burner 30 is provided on the side wall of the furnace body lower part 10, and this burner 30 is for igniting a workpiece to be processed at the beginning of the process, and a monitoring device for monitoring the ignition state. 31 is provided. Once this burner 30 is ignited, it becomes unnecessary, and after ignition, the workpieces are sequentially added and the ignited portion becomes a ceramic layer after carbonization, and a carbonized layer, a dry layer, and an untreated layer are sequentially formed thereon. Further, a temperature sensor 32 is mainly provided for detecting the temperature of the carbonized layer and the ceramic layer (FIG. 2).

  As shown in FIGS. 5, 6, and 7, the negative ion supply device 27 includes a pair of air mother pipes 33, 34 disposed so as to sandwich the furnace outside the furnace, and between these air mother pipes 33, 34. 35, a plurality of horizontal air pipes 35, 35... 35 horizontally set at predetermined intervals through the furnace, and a number of vertical air pipes 36, 36 installed in the horizontal air pipe 35 at predetermined intervals in the furnace. 36 and a large number of negative ion generating members 37, 37,... 37 attached at positions away from the furnace of the air mother pipes 33, 34 and opposed to the mounting position of the horizontal air pipe. . The negative ion generating member is a direct current discharge type, and includes a discharge electrode and a counter electrode opposed to the discharge electrode, and generates negative ions by applying a DC voltage of, for example, 12 V between the discharge electrode and the electrode. Air is supplied to the air mother pipes 33 and 34 from opposite directions, and the air transports negative ions generated from the negative ion generating member 37 to the horizontal air pipe 35 and enters the furnace from the vertical air pipe 36. Send it in. As shown in FIG. 7, the vertical air pipe 36 is inserted into and supported by a socket 38 welded to the horizontal air pipe 35. The upper end of the vertical air pipe 36 is closed, and a predetermined number (e.g., eight) of air nozzles 39, 39... 39 are formed in the side wall, and air and negative ions are horizontally discharged from the air nozzle 39 in the furnace. Supplied to the ceramic layer and the carbonized layer, the powders of these layers flow and ceramize reliably (lower part in the furnace).

  The inside of the furnace main body 10 is in a state of oxygen deficiency by the air pipes 33, 34, 35, 36, that is, a smoldering state by an amount of air that burns about one third, and a redox potential is caused by negative ions. Lowered to a reducing atmosphere and flameless smoldering. In the case of gypsum paper, no particularly toxic gas is generated here, and the calcium content of calcium sulfate adhering to the gypsum paper forms part of the ceramic layer. In the case of agricultural vinyl, tar components are generated, especially in polyethylene film or vinyl acetate, and no other harmful components are generated. However, in vinyl chloride, hydrogen chloride gas is generated, and this hydrogen chloride gas undergoes the above plasma decomposition. It is processed by the gas decomposition apparatus 16.

  As shown in FIGS. 2 and 6, the ceramic ash extraction device 28 is composed of a large number of rotors 40, 40... 40. The rotor 40 extends over the entire furnace bottom, and the rotors 40 are adjacent to each other. It is provided horizontally and has a rotating drum shape. Each rotor 40 is provided with a plurality of blades 41, 41... 41 on its peripheral surface, and by these rotations, a gap is generated between the rotors, and the generated ceramic drops into the ceramic hopper 29 from the gap. The cutting rollers 40 are rotated in conjunction with each other by a motor 41 (FIG. 3). The rotation of the cutting roller is controlled by a signal from a level sensor 42 (FIGS. 3 and 4) provided in the ceramic hopper, and the ceramic at the bottom of the furnace is automatically discharged. A window 42 </ b> W is provided below the ceramic hopper 29.

  The hopper 4 provided at the upper part of the furnace is configured to automatically supply the crushed material, and can prevent the intrusion of air into the furnace. The function of this hopper and the automatic discharge of ceramics of the ceramic take-out device 28 are provided. By combining the functions, it is possible to continuously process the workpiece.

It is a block diagram of a smoldering system for an object to be processed of the present invention. It is a schematic block diagram of the burning furnace of this invention. It is a front view of the burning furnace of the present invention. It is a side view of the burning furnace of the present invention. It is a top view of a negative ion supply apparatus. It is bottom part sectional drawing of the burning furnace of this invention. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the vertical air pipe | tube of the negative ion supply apparatus of this invention.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 3 ... Sintering furnace 4 ... Feeding hopper 5 ... Rotary valve 7 ... Ceramics silo 9 ... Furnace main body 13 ... Water supply auxiliary tank 23 ... Exhaust gas pipe 27 ... Negative ion supply apparatus 28 ... Ceramics ash extraction apparatus 36 ... Vertical air pipe

Claims (4)

  A cylindrical furnace body that houses the workpiece, a negative ion supply device that is installed at the bottom of the furnace body and supplies negative ions with air to the bottom of the furnace, and ceramic ash that has been fired and ceramicized automatically The negative ion supply device includes an air tube that is uniformly distributed on the bottom of the furnace, and negative ions are uniformly supplied from the air tube to the bottom of the furnace. A smoldering furnace for waste organic materials.   The furnace body comprises a furnace body lower part made of a refractory material disposed inside the furnace and a heat insulating material covering the outer periphery thereof, and a furnace body upper part provided with a water jacket for cooling the inside of the furnace. The waste organic matter smoldering furnace according to claim 1, further comprising a hopper that automatically supplies a pulverized material to be processed.   The negative ion supply device includes a pair of air mother pipes for sending air arranged so as to sandwich the outside of the bottom of the furnace, and the furnace bottom between the air mother pipes at a predetermined interval and horizontally. An extending horizontal air pipe, a number of vertical air pipes uniformly distributed at a predetermined interval in the furnace portion of the horizontal air pipe, and negative ions provided in the air mother pipe corresponding to the mounting position of the horizontal air pipe The waste organic matter smoldering furnace according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the vertical air pipe is provided with a plurality of air nozzles for supplying negative ions together with air into the bottom of the furnace.   2. The ceramic ash extraction device is provided with a plurality of cutting rollers which are provided below the ceramic ash layer and which are rotatable and horizontally arranged adjacent to the entire bottom surface of the furnace. The waste organic matter smoldering furnace according to any one of 1 to 3.

Images