JP2008035017A - High-frequency device having two-dimensional periodic structure - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a compact, low-loss filter device for a GHz band (especially, millimeter waves) etc., which is suitable to plane mounting by providing a concrete simple and compact low-loss input/output structure suitable for electric coupling with an external circuit for a high-frequency device having a two-dimensional periodic structure. <P>SOLUTION: A defective region Da having an air hole 4 is formed at least in one place of a holed area Ha occupying a portion or the whole of a main surface of a dielectric substrate 1a, at least one terminal portion into which a metal pin 6 is inserted is provided for each of a plurality of air holes 41a to 41c, and 42a to 42c nearby the defective region Da, and respective metal pins 6 are electrically connected to metal electrode plates 9a to 9c of an external transmission line to provide the concrete simple and compact low-loss input/output structure suitable for electric coupling with the external circuit. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2008,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention applies the operation of the so-called photonic crystal structure device to light, particularly to the electromagnetic wave (mainly millimeter wave) in the gigahertz band (hereinafter referred to as GHz band), and is similar to the operation principle of the photonic crystal structure device to the light. In particular, the present invention relates to a high-frequency device that forms a transmission band, a resonator, a filter, an antenna, and the like for an electromagnetic wave in the GHz band, that is, a high-frequency device having a two-dimensional periodic structure.

  Conventionally, a photonic crystal structure device attracting attention as an optical functional material has a periodic change in dielectric constant (refractive index) therein.

  A three-dimensional circuit having a three-dimensional periodic structure in which the dielectric constant changes three-dimensionally is called a three-dimensional photonic crystal structure device, and has a two-dimensional periodic structure in which the dielectric constant changes two-dimensionally. Is called a two-dimensional photonic crystal structure device.

  Next, the operation principle of these photonic crystal structure devices will be described.

  In general, in a solid crystal, the periodic potential energy distribution of nuclei interferes with an electron wave having a wavelength that matches the lattice constant of the crystal, and the electron wave has a wavelength very close to the potential period of the crystal. For example, it is known that reflection occurs by three-dimensional or two-dimensional diffraction action (Bragg diffraction). The reflection phenomenon prohibits the existence of electrons in a specific energy region (band), which is an electronic band gap (forbidden band) in a semiconductor device or the like.

  The above-mentioned photonic crystal structure device has a three-dimensional structure or a two-dimensional structure in which the dielectric constant changes periodically, thereby exhibiting a similar interference action with respect to light. The existence is prohibited, and this corresponds to the above-described electron band gap, and is called a photonic band gap.

  This photonic crystal structure device enables the confinement of light of a specific frequency by forming a defect that disturbs the periodicity in a structure whose permittivity changes periodically, and a light transmission path of a specific frequency ( The present invention can be applied to various optical circuits such as waveguides).

  By the way, since the scaling rule with respect to the wavelength is established in the photonic crystal structure device, in particular, the behavior of the electromagnetic wave (mainly millimeter wave) in the GHz band has a lot in common with the light in a specific device.

  Therefore, a high-frequency device that applies the operation of the photonic crystal structure device to light and functions on the same operating principle with respect to electromagnetic waves in the GHz band, that is, a two-dimensional similar to the photonic crystal structure device. A high-frequency device having a periodic structure has been proposed (see, for example, Patent Document 1).

  The high-frequency device disclosed in Patent Document 1 is a filter having a configuration in which a resonator of a two-dimensional photonic crystal structure device is arranged between the input and output waveguides, and the input and output waveguide ends are guided. It is connected to the external transmission path of the waveguide (thin wire waveguide).

  The disclosure of Patent Document 1 is limited to a filter having a resonator for electromagnetic waves in the GHz band, but a high-frequency device having such a two-dimensional periodic structure is a transmission path for an electromagnetic wave in the GHz band, a resonator, Of course, it can be applied to filters such as a band pass filter and a cut-off filter, and can also be applied to an electromagnetic wave antenna.

On the other hand, in the case of the optical circuit of the photonic crystal structure device, in order to simplify the structure and the like, the input / output of light with the external circuit is generally performed via a so-called waveguide path or semi-rigid cable. For example, the end of a single mode optical fiber as an external transmission line and the end of a waveguide of a photonic crystal structure device are processed into a long wedge shape (tapered portion) and joined to form an external circuit and a photonic It has also been proposed to directly connect a crystal structure device (for example, see Non-Patent Document 1).
JP 2004-122416 A (abstract, paragraphs [0046]-[0047], FIG. 1, etc.) “New development of photonic crystal technology”, CMC Publishing Co., Ltd., September 2005, p. 306 (Fig. 14 etc.)

  The conventional high-frequency device having a two-dimensional periodic structure described in Patent Document 1 is a device similar to a two-dimensional photonic crystal structure device, and can handle electromagnetic waves from radio waves to light, as described above. It can be applied to a transmission band of an electromagnetic wave in the GHz band, a resonator, a filter, and the like.

  However, in a high-frequency device having this type of two-dimensional periodic structure, a specific input / output structure (connection structure) that is electrically connected to an external transmission line to exchange electromagnetic waves has not been invented. In addition, although the said patent document 1 describes connecting the edge part of an external waveguide to a two-dimensional photonic crystal structure device, the specific structure is not shown.

  That is, conventionally, in a high-frequency device having such a two-dimensional periodic structure, a simple and small size suitable for surface mounting on a mother board or the like via an external transmission line such as a slot line, a microstrip line, or a coplanar line. There is a problem that the input / output structure cannot be provided.

  By the way, when exchanging (connecting) electromagnetic waves in the GHz band between devices, it can be easily conceived that the input / output structure of the device is a waveguide which is a three-dimensional circuit. Similarly, when the input / output structure of a high-frequency device having this kind of two-dimensional periodic structure is formed with a waveguide, the waveguide is larger than the high-frequency device, so that the entire device is enlarged. In addition, electromagnetic wave mode conversion is required between the external circuit and the waveguide path, and between the waveguide path and the high-frequency device. Electromagnetic wave loss occurs at each mode conversion, and the insertion loss is remarkably deteriorated. There is also a problem of doing so, it is not practical.

  Further, as disclosed in FIG. 14 of Non-Patent Document 1, both the waveguide end portion of the high-frequency device having this type of two-dimensional periodic structure and the end portion of the optical fiber as the external transmission path are elongated. Even if an input / output structure that directly connects a high-frequency device and an external circuit without using a waveguide is processed and joined into a taper shape, complicated processing to taper both ends is required. Become. In addition, since both ends are processed into a tapered shape over a certain length and joined, an increase in size is inevitable, and the mode diameter of the optical fiber is much larger than the mode diameter in a high-frequency device. For this reason, there is a problem that the coupling efficiency is low (for example, −30 dB or less), and since the connection distance of the tapered shape is long, loss is large and transmission characteristics are remarkably deteriorated.

  Furthermore, when connecting a high-frequency device having this type of two-dimensional periodic structure to a mother board or the like via an external transmission path, it is also important to suppress unnecessary spurious as much as possible.

  The present invention provides a specific input / output structure that is simple, small, low loss, and low in spurious, suitable for electrical connection with a planar external transmission line in a high-frequency device having this type of two-dimensional periodic structure. Another object of the present invention is to realize a filter device and the like that are small in size and low in loss of electromagnetic waves (especially millimeter waves) in the GHz band and suitable for planar mounting.

  In order to achieve the above-described object, a high-frequency device having a two-dimensional periodic structure according to the present invention has an air hole perpendicular to the main surface and having the same diameter in a perforated region that occupies a part or the whole of the main surface of the dielectric substrate. Is a high-frequency device having a two-dimensional periodic structure formed by two-dimensionally arranging at a predetermined cycle, and having a defect region lacking the air holes in at least one portion of the perforated region, Each of the plurality of air holes has at least one terminal portion through which a metal pin is inserted, and each of the metal pins is electrically connected to an external transmission line (Claim 1).

  And it is preferable that a plurality of the defect areas are continuously formed in the perforated area to constitute an internal transmission line having a predetermined frequency. It is also preferable that a plurality of the defect regions are formed discontinuously in the perforated region to constitute individual resonators (claim 3).

  Next, in the high-frequency device having a two-dimensional periodic structure according to the present invention, the perforated region includes a portion of an internal transmission line in which the defective region is continuous and a portion of a resonator formed by the discontinuous defective region. And a composite circuit of the internal transmission line and the resonator is provided (claim 4).

  In the high-frequency device having a two-dimensional periodic structure according to the present invention, the defect region extends along the virtual axis from a starting point on a virtual axis parallel to any one of the coordinate axes of the two-dimensional array in the perforated region. The area lacking the air holes is formed so as to gradually increase toward the edge of the main surface, and the terminal portion is formed as an antenna terminal in the vicinity of the starting point. ).

  And in each said structure, it is preferable to form the air hole of a different diameter locally in the said perforated area from surfaces, such as adjustment of coupling capacity | capacitance (Claim 6).

  Further, in each of the above-described configurations, at least one of the terminal portions is composed of two metal pins inserted through the two air holes, and one of the two metal pins forms a signal electrode, The other of the two metal pins forms a ground electrode, and the two metal pins are electrically connected to the signal side conductor and the ground side conductor of the slot line or the microstrip line as the external transmission path, respectively. (Claim 7).

  Further, at least one of the terminal portions is composed of three metal pins arranged in parallel through the three air holes, and a central metal pin of the three metal pins serves as a signal electrode. And the remaining two metal pins form a ground electrode, the central metal pin, and the remaining two metal pins are a signal side conductor of a coplanar line or a microstrip line as the external transmission line, It is also preferable to be electrically connected to each ground side conductor.

  From the standpoint of ensuring support stability, it is preferable that the metal pin is made of a metal plate curved in a cross-sectional arc shape along the inner wall of the air hole.

  At this time, it is desirable that the air hole through which the metal pin is inserted is filled with a resin adhesive (Claim 10), and it is also desirable that the resin adhesive is conductive (Claim 11).

  Next, in order to prevent external influences, the high-frequency device having a two-dimensional periodic structure according to the present invention has the above-described configuration in which the dielectric substrate is housed in a metal case, and the metal case is grounded. It is also preferable that they are connected (claim 12).

  First, according to the invention of claim 1, by having a defect region, it acts on an electromagnetic wave in the GHz band with an operation similar to that of a two-dimensional photonic crystal structure device for light, and a transmission path suitable for an electromagnetic wave in the GHz band Planar circuit devices such as resonators and filters can be formed.

  Further, a metal pin is inserted into each of the plurality of air holes in the vicinity of the defect area to form a terminal portion, and the end of each metal pin protruding from each air hole is a slot line, a microstrip line, a coplanar line, etc. It can be directly connected to the external transmission line in the form of a puncture. In this case, complicated processing such as the above-described taper shape is unnecessary, and the high-frequency device is electrically connected to the external transmission line with a short connection distance. Can be directly mounted on a mother board or the like via this external transmission line, and is simple, small, low loss and spurious suitable for electrical connection with a flat external transmission line. A high-frequency device having a novel two-dimensional periodic structure that can provide a small number of specific input / output structures and is small in size, low loss, and excellent in characteristics of electromagnetic waves in the GHz band (mainly millimeter waves) It is possible to provide a chair.

  Next, according to the invention of claim 2, an electromagnetic wave transmission path having a predetermined frequency is formed by continuously forming a plurality of defect areas in the perforated area of the dielectric substrate. It is possible to provide a high-frequency device having a two-dimensional periodic structure having a specific transmission line configuration.

  According to the invention of claim 3, by forming a plurality of discontinuous defect regions in the perforated region of the dielectric substrate, each defect region operates as a resonator, and these resonators are arranged side by side. A multi-stage resonator filter or the like is formed. Therefore, it is possible to provide a multistage resonator filter or the like that exhibits the effect of the first aspect of the invention.

  Further, according to the invention of claim 4, since it is a configuration comprising a composite circuit of an internal transmission line and a resonator by a combination of continuous and discontinuous defect regions, the effect of the invention of claim 1 is achieved. A planar circuit device suitable for a filter or a duplexer with a transmission line can be easily formed and provided.

  Furthermore, according to the invention of claim 5, the defect region is formed so as to gradually increase from the starting point on the imaginary axis to the edge of the main surface to form the electromagnetic wave antenna, and the terminal portion is formed at the starting point. Since it is formed as an antenna terminal, it is possible to provide a practical GHz band planar antenna having the effects of the first aspect of the invention.

  Next, according to the invention of claim 6, in each of the above-described configurations, the coupling capacity with the external transmission path can be easily adjusted by forming locally different diameter air holes in the perforated region, which is unnecessary. There is also an advantage that effective spurious can be suppressed.

  Next, according to the invention of claim 7, at least one of the terminal portions is composed of two metal pins respectively inserted into two air holes in the vicinity of the defect region, and one of the two metal pins is a signal electrode. Because the other forms a ground electrode, both metal pins are directly connected in a puncture manner to the signal side conductor and the ground side conductor of the slot line or microstrip line as an external transmission line, so that the high frequency device can be connected shortly. A 2-pin terminal configuration that can be electrically connected directly to a planar external transmission line at a distance and is extremely suitable when the transmission line of the external circuit is a slot line or a microstrip line. The effect of invention of 5 can be show | played.

  According to an eighth aspect of the present invention, at least one of the terminal portions is composed of three metal pins arranged side by side through the three air holes in the vicinity of the defect region, and the center of them is formed. The metal pin can be directly connected to the signal electrode of the coplanar line or microstrip line as an external transmission line, and the remaining two metal pins can be directly connected to the ground electrode in a puncture manner. The present invention can be electrically connected directly to a planar external transmission line, and is formed with a three-pin terminal configuration that is extremely suitable when the external transmission line is a coplanar line or a microstrip line. The effect by can be show | played.

  Next, according to the invention of claim 9, the metal pin of the terminal portion can be inserted into the air hole while closely contacting the inner wall of the air hole by the elasticity (spring property) of the metal plate. The insertion state can be mechanically stabilized and can also be electrically stable. Therefore, there is an advantage that the coupling capacitance is stabilized and matching with the external transmission line can be easily and stably performed. The coupling capacitance can be easily adjusted by adjusting the shape and size of the metal pin, for example.

  According to the invention of claim 10, the metal pin is more firmly fixed and stabilized by filling with the resin adhesive, and it is possible to more reliably remove the variation factor of the matching characteristic, and the periphery of the metal pin. Since the space is filled with a uniform dielectric of the resin adhesive, the coupling capacity can be further stabilized.

  Further, according to the invention of claim 11, since the resin adhesive is conductive, not only the metal pin is firmly fixed and stabilized, but further capacity adjustment with the metal pin and the like become possible.

  Further, according to the twelfth aspect of the present invention, there is an advantage that leakage of electromagnetic waves and intrusion of unnecessary electromagnetic waves can be prevented by accommodating the dielectric substrate in the metal case and shielding the whole.

  Next, in order to describe the present invention in more detail, embodiments will be described in detail with reference to FIGS. In the following description, the “high-frequency device having a two-dimensional periodic structure” of the present invention is referred to as a “two-dimensional periodic structure”. In each figure, for easy understanding, the metal portion is hatched regardless of whether or not it is a cross section, and the cross section hatching is omitted except for the main portion.

(First embodiment)
First, a first embodiment corresponding to claims 1, 9, 10, and 11 will be described with reference to FIGS.

  FIG. 1 shows a two-dimensional periodic structure 1a, in which (a) is a plan view of the two-dimensional periodic structure 1a, (b) is a sectional view taken along line B1-B1 of (a), and (c) is a two-dimensional view. The back view of periodic structure 1a, (d) is a front view of two-dimensional periodic structure 1a, and (e) is an A1-A1 line sectional view of (a).

  FIG. 2 shows the front and rear support bases 21a and 22a of the back surface of the two-dimensional periodic structure 1a. FIG. 2 (a) is a plan view of the support base 21 with terminals, and FIG. (C) is the same front view, (d) is the same rear view.

  FIG. 3 is a plan view of a two-dimensional periodic structure 1b formed in a three-point defect resonator described later.

  The two-dimensional periodic structure 1a has a dielectric substrate 3a made of a dielectric ceramic with a high Q value generally called “slab”, and the dielectric substrate 3a has, for example, the entire main surface (upper and lower surfaces). Air holes 4, 41 a, 41 b, 41 c, 42 a, 42 b, 42 c that are perpendicular to the main surface and have the same diameter (equal diameter) are formed in the two-dimensional array substantially uniformly in a predetermined cycle. . The perforated area Ha may occupy a part of the main surface of the dielectric substrate 3a. The air holes 4 and 41a to 42c are normally formed to penetrate, but may not be penetrated, and the diameter is set according to the frequency of the electromagnetic wave.

  Next, in the perforated area Ha of the dielectric substrate 3a, the portion where the A1-A1 line and the B1-B1 line in FIG. 1 (a) intersect is a portion lacking the air holes 4, and this portion is a defect region. Da.

  The dielectric substrate 3a has one defect region Da in the perforated region Ha, and the presence of the defect region Da causes the two-dimensional periodic structure 1a to generate electromagnetic waves (mainly millimeter waves) having a predetermined frequency in the GHz band. One resonating resonator is formed, and this resonator functions as a channel filter (single wave filter).

  This resonator is called a one-point defect resonator because only one air hole 4 is missing and a defect region Da is formed.

  This one-point defect resonator is a device similar to a two-dimensional photonic crystal structure device, and the energy of electromagnetic waves is transferred to the defect region Da by a band gap action similar to that of the two-dimensional photonic crystal structure device. Most of them are confined, have high Q characteristics, and electromagnetic waves are propagated by the leaked energy.

  Next, in order to exchange electromagnetic waves with an external circuit, in this embodiment, the dielectric substrate 3a is provided with an electromagnetic wave input / output structure in which terminal portions 51a and 52a are provided in the vicinity of the front and rear of the defect area Da.

  Each of the terminal portions 51a and 52a is formed by inserting a metal pin 6 into a plurality (three in this embodiment) of air holes 41a to 41c and 42a to 42c, and the air holes 41a to 41c and 42a to 42c are terminals. The portions 51a and 52a are arranged in parallel at the three positions adjacent to each other at both ends of the substantially “<” shape so as to face the state of “<Da>” across the defect area Da.

  At this time, as the terminal portions 51a and 52a are arranged closer to the defect region Da, the coupling with the resonator becomes larger, so that the arrangement has electrical characteristics desired for the coupling amount with the resonator. To be determined.

  On the other hand, each metal pin 6 has a cross-sectional arc shape (U-shape) along the inner wall of each of the air holes 41a to 41c and 42a to 42c, for example, by precision sheet metal processing of a metal plate (thin plate) such as aluminum, copper, or a copper alloy. It is formed in a substantially semi-cylindrical shape that is curved.

  Each metal pin 6 is inserted into the air holes 41a to 41c and 42a to 42c while being in close contact with the inner walls of the air holes 41a to 41c and 42a to 42c by elasticity (spring property) in the expanding direction, and the inserted state is mechanical. Stable and electrically stable. Phosphor bronze is particularly suitable as a foil because of its great elasticity. In order to reduce insertion loss, the metal pin 6 is preferably subjected to silver plating.

  As a result, the capacitances of the terminal portions 51a and 52a are stabilized, and the capacitance matching of the coupling between the two-dimensional periodic structure 1a and the external transmission path can be easily achieved. The capacity matching can be easily performed by adjusting, for example, the size (area) and length of the arc of each metal pin 6.

  By the way, the air holes 41a to 41c and 42a to 42c of the terminal portions 51a and 52a may be formed in the same manner as the other air holes 4, but are filled with the resin adhesive 7 and inserted through the metal. It is preferable that the pin 6 is further firmly fixed and stabilized, and the capacitance of the terminal portions 51a and 52a is stabilized by the constant dielectric constant of the resin adhesive 7 to further remove the characteristic variation factor. Further, the resin adhesive 7 may be a conductive adhesive containing metal fine particles, and the coupling capacity may be adjusted by the filling amount of the conductive adhesive or the like.

  By the way, in this embodiment, each metal pin 6 of the terminal portions 51a and 52a is implanted on the support bases 21a and 22a with terminals positioned on the back surface side of the dielectric substrate 3a, for example, on the front and rear end sides. The upper portions of the pins 6 protruding from the support bases 21a and 22a are inserted into the air holes 41a to 41c and 42a to 42c from below.

  The support bases 21a and 22a have the same shape, and usually have a resin frame base 8 as shown in the support base 22a of FIG. 2, and air holes 41a to 41c (or 42a) are formed in the frame base 8. To 42c), three vertical groove portions 8a, 8b and 8c are formed, and the metal pins 6 are in contact with the semi-cylindrical groove surfaces of the vertical groove portions 8a to 8c.

  It is preferable that the portions of the support bases 21a and 22a do not affect transmission loss on the slab as much as possible. Therefore, the frame base 8 is formed of a material such as low dielectric constant Teflon (registered trademark) or glass epoxy. Teflon (registered trademark) is particularly suitable because of its low loss.

  Further, the terminal portions 51a and 52a are terminal portions for the coplanar line, and in the terminal portions 51a and 52a, the metal pin 6 of the air hole 41b (42b) is the central metal pin 6, and the air holes 41a and 41c (42a and 42c). ) Are the remaining two metal pins 6.

  The frame base 8 has three divided metal electrode plates 9a, 9b, and 9c forming a coplanar line as an external transmission line attached to the back surface (lower surface), and the narrow metal electrode plate 9b at the center has an air hole 41b ( 42b) the lower end of the metal pin 6 protruding from 42b) is directly connected in a puncture shape, and the wide metal electrode plates 9a, 9c on the left and right of the metal electrode plate 9b are connected to the metal pins 6 protruding from the air holes 41a, 41c (42a, 42c). The two-dimensional periodic structure 1a is connected to the external transmission line by connecting the lower ends of the two-dimensional periodic structure 1a directly.

  The front edge portions of the metal electrode plates 9a to 9c of the frame base 8 of the front support base 21a and the rear edge portions of the metal electrode plates 9a to 9c of the frame base 8 of the rear support base 22a are prevented from peeling. For example, the frame base 8 is bent and attached to the front and rear surfaces of the frame base 8, respectively.

  Then, the metal electrode plates 9a to 9c of the support bases 21a and 22a can be directly connected to the mother board without bump connection or the like by sticking the metal electrode plates 9a to 9c to the mother board, for example. A metal pin in which a resonator of a channel filter of a GHz band (mainly millimeter wave) electromagnetic wave having a high Q value, low loss, and steep attenuation formed by 1a is inserted into air holes 41a to 41c and 42a to 42c. 6 enables easy surface mounting on the mother board by being directly directly connected to the transmission line of the external coplanar line with a very short connection distance.

  At this time, complicated processing such as processing a conventional electrode or the like into a tapered shape is not necessary, and the two-dimensional periodic structure 1a is electrically directly connected to an external transmission line with a short connection distance. It is possible to mount the two-dimensional periodic structure 1a on a mother board or the like through a simple, small, and low-loss input suitable for electrical connection with the planar external transmission line of the two-dimensional periodic structure 1a. An output structure can be provided, and a filter of a novel two-dimensional periodic structure 1a having a small size, low loss, and excellent characteristics of electromagnetic waves (mainly millimeter waves) in the GHz band can be provided.

  By the way, the defect area of the perforated area Ha can also be formed by lacking a plurality of air holes 4, and the two-dimensional periodic structure 1b of FIG. It is called a point defect resonator. In the case of the two-dimensional periodic structure 1b of the three-point defect resonator, the same effect as that of the one-point defect resonator can be obtained by providing the electromagnetic wave input / output structure provided with the terminal portions 51a and 52a. Play.

  The support bases 21a and 22a are not necessarily required. For example, the lower end of each metal pin 6 inserted into the air holes 41a and 41c (42a and 42c) of the two-dimensional periodic structure 1a is the surface of an external circuit such as a mother board. Of course, a configuration in which bumps are connected to the external transmission path of the electrodes may be used.

  Next, when the external transmission line is a microstrip line, unlike the coplanar line, only one ground electrode is provided on the main surface (back surface) opposite to the signal electrode of the external transmission line. A through hole is formed on the front surface side from the ground electrode on the back surface of the transmission line, the central metal pin 6 is directly connected to the signal electrode on the front surface, and one or both of the remaining two metal pins 6 are connected to the front surface. What is necessary is just to connect to the ground electrode on the back side through a through hole.

(Second Embodiment)
Next, a second embodiment corresponding to claim 2 will be described with reference to FIG.

  FIG. 4 is a plan view of the two-dimensional periodic structure 1c, in which the same reference numerals as those in FIGS. 1 to 3 denote the same or corresponding parts.

  The two-dimensional periodic structure 1c of this embodiment is greatly different from the two-dimensional periodic structure 1a of the first embodiment in that it is between the terminal portions 51 and 52 in the perforated region Hb of the dielectric substrate 3b. A plurality of defect areas Da lacking the air holes 4 are continuously formed, and these defect areas Da form an internal transmission path 10a of an electromagnetic wave having a predetermined frequency in the GHz band. In addition, the broken line part of FIG. 4 shows the defect area | region Da which lacked one air hole 4. FIG.

  That is, the two-dimensional periodic structure 1c of this embodiment is formed in a transmission line configuration by the continuous defect area Da of one point defect, and can provide a planar transmission line of an electromagnetic wave having a predetermined frequency.

  Also in this embodiment, the metal pins 6 inserted into the air holes 41a to 41c and 42a to 42c are electrically connected directly to the external transmission line of the coplanar line with a very short connection distance to the motherboard or the like. It can be mounted on a plane and has the same effect as in the first embodiment.

  In the internal transmission line 10a, electromagnetic waves propagate when each defect area Da surrounded by the air holes 4 operates as a resonator, and the frequency is the shape of each defect area Da and the length of the internal transmission line 10a. Set by

(Third embodiment)
Next, a third embodiment as an example corresponding to claim 3 will be described with reference to FIG.

  FIG. 5 shows a two-dimensional periodic structure 1d, where (a) is a plan view of the two-dimensional periodic structure 1d, (b) is a cross-sectional view taken along line B2-B2 of (a), and (c) is (a). ) Is a right side view, (d) is a cross-sectional view taken along line A2-A2 of (a), and (e) is a back view of the two-dimensional periodic structure 1d, in which the same reference numerals as in FIGS. The parts marked with are the same or equivalent.

  In the two-dimensional periodic structure 1d of this embodiment, in the perforated region Hc of the dielectric substrate 3c, the defect region Db lacking three air holes 4 is discontinuous between the left and right terminal portions 51b and 52b. Are arranged side by side.

  At this time, each defect region Db forms three separate three-point defect resonators, and the two-dimensional periodic structure 1d forms a multistage resonator filter as a whole, specifically, a three-stage bandpass filter. .

  The terminal portions 51b and 52b serving as the electromagnetic wave input / output structure are, for example, terminal portions for coplanar lines, and correspond to the air holes 41a to 41c and 42a to 42c of the first and second embodiments, respectively. Each of the three air holes 41d to 41f and 42d to 42f is formed by inserting each of the three metal pins 6 of the support bases 21b and 22b with terminals similar to the support bases 21a and 22a from below. The holes 41d to 41f and 42d to 42f are filled with the resin adhesive 7. Similarly to the support bases 21a and 22a, the support bases 21b and 22b each have a resin frame base 8. The metal electrode plates 9a, 9b and 9c on the back of the frame base 8 are divided into air holes. It is connected to electrode pins 6 of 41d to 41f (42d to 42f).

  The two-dimensional periodic structure 1d of this embodiment is also electrically connected directly to the external transmission line of the coplanar line with a very short connection distance by the metal pin 6 inserted through the air holes 41d to 41f and 42d to 42f. Provided is a high-frequency device (planar circuit device) having a two-dimensional periodic structure with a specific filter configuration that can be mounted in a plane on a mother board or the like and has the same effects as those of the first to second embodiments. can do.

(Fourth embodiment)
Next, a fourth embodiment as another example corresponding to claims 3 and 7 will be described with reference to FIG.

  FIG. 6 shows a two-dimensional periodic structure 1e, in which (a) is a plan view of the two-dimensional periodic structure 1e, (b) is a cross-sectional view taken along line B3-B3 of (a), and (c) is (a). ) Is a right side view, (d) is a cross-sectional view taken along line A3-A3 of (a), and (e) is a back view of the two-dimensional periodic structure 1e, in which the same reference numerals as in FIGS. The parts marked with are the same or equivalent.

  In the two-dimensional periodic structure 1e of this embodiment, in the perforated region Hd of the dielectric substrate 3d, the defect region Dc lacking one air hole 4 between the left and right terminal portions 51c and 52c is discontinuous. Are arranged side by side.

  At this time, each defect region Dc constitutes three individual one-point defect resonators, and the two-dimensional periodic structure 1e as a whole is a multistage resonator filter, specifically as in the case of the third embodiment. Form a three-stage bandpass filter.

  By the way, the terminal portions 51c and 52c as the electromagnetic wave input / output structure are, for example, two-pin terminal portions for slot lines, and the support bases 21a and 22a are respectively connected to the two air holes 41g and 41h and 42g and 42h. Each of the two metal pins 6 of the support bases 21c and 22c is inserted from below.

  Each of the two air holes 41g and 41h and 42g and 42h are filled with the resin adhesive 7, respectively. Each of the support bases 21c and 22c also has a resin frame base 8. Two-sided metal electrode plates 9d and 9e as external transmission paths are attached to the back surface of the frame base 8, and air holes 41g, The lower ends of the respective electrode pins 6 of 41h (42g, 42h) are connected to the metal electrode plates 9d, 9e in a puncture manner.

  And also in the case of the two-dimensional periodic structure 1e of this embodiment, the metal pin 6 inserted into the air holes 41g, 41h, 42g, 42h is electrically connected to the slot line as the external transmission line with an extremely short connection distance. A high-frequency device (planar circuit device) having a two-dimensional periodic structure with a specific filter configuration that can be directly connected and mounted in a plane on a mother board or the like and has the same effect as in the first to third embodiments. ) Can be provided.

  In this embodiment as well, it goes without saying that the support bases 21c and 22c and the resin adhesive 7 are not necessarily required.

(Fifth embodiment)
Next, a fifth embodiment corresponding to claim 6 will be described with reference to FIG.

  7A to 7E are a plan view, a B4-B4 sectional view, a right side view, and an A4-A4 sectional view of a two-dimensional periodic structure 1f similar to FIGS. 6A to 6E. It is a figure and a back view, In the same figure, the part which attached | subjected the code | symbol same as FIG. 6 shows the same or equivalent thing.

  The two-dimensional periodic structure 1f of this embodiment is different from the two-dimensional periodic structure 1e of the fourth embodiment in that the other air holes 4 are locally located in the perforated area Hd of the dielectric substrate 3d. Specifically, air holes 4s having different diameters are formed. Specifically, air having a diameter smaller than that of the air holes 4 is provided between the left and right terminal portions 51c and 52c and the defect region Dc and between the defect regions Dc. Holes 4s are formed, and the coupling capacity can be adjusted more easily by selecting the diameter of the air holes 4s.

  Each air hole 4s can be formed by, for example, laser processing or the like by partially removing the dielectric substrate 3d, and the coupling capacity can be freely adjusted depending on the degree of the cutting.

  And each defect area | region Dc comprises three separate one-point defect resonators, and the point that the two-dimensional periodic structure 1e forms a three-stage band pass filter as a whole is the same as in the case of the fourth embodiment. This is the same, and this embodiment also has substantially the same effect as that of the fourth embodiment except that the coupling capacity can be adjusted by selecting the diameter of the air hole 4s.

(Sixth embodiment)
Next, a sixth embodiment as an example corresponding to claim 4 will be described with reference to FIG.

  FIG. 8 is a plan view of the two-dimensional periodic structure 1j, in which the same reference numerals as those in FIGS. 1 to 7 denote the same or corresponding parts.

  The two-dimensional periodic structure 1j is provided with terminal portions 51d and 52d having a 3-pin configuration similar to the terminal portions 51a and 52a in FIG. 4 at the left and right end portions of the perforated region He of the dielectric substrate 3e. A composite circuit having a configuration equivalent to that obtained by cutting the internal transmission line 10a of FIG. 4 at a plurality of locations is formed between the portions 51d and 52d.

  That is, three discontinuous one-point defects comprising a first and second internal transmission line portions 10b and 10c in which a plurality of defect areas Da of FIG. 1 lacking air holes 4 are continuous, and a single defect area Da. The resonator portion 11a is arranged between the two terminal portions 51d and 52d in the order of the first internal transmission line portion 10b, each one-point defect resonator portion 11a, and the second internal transmission line portion 10c. And the resonator are formed.

  In this composite circuit, the first and second internal transmission line portions 10b and 10c surrounded by the air holes 4 and the one-point defect resonator portions 11a each operate as a resonator, and as a whole, for a band pass. Forming a composite filter or the like.

  The composite circuit of this embodiment is also electrically connected directly to an external transmission line such as a slot line by a metal pin 6 inserted through the air holes 41a to 41c and 42a to 42c, with a very short connection distance, such as a motherboard. It is possible to provide a high-frequency device (planar circuit device) having a two-dimensional periodic structure with a specific filter configuration that can be mounted in a plane and has the same effects as those of the first to fifth embodiments. it can.

(Seventh embodiment)
Next, a seventh embodiment as another example corresponding to claim 4 will be described with reference to FIG.

  FIG. 9 is a plan view of the two-dimensional periodic structure 1g, in which the same reference numerals as those in FIGS. 1 to 8 denote the same or corresponding parts.

  The two-dimensional periodic structure 1g is provided with a common terminal portion 51e having a 2-pin configuration similar to the terminal portion 51c of FIGS. 6 and 7 at the left end of the porous region He of the dielectric substrate 3f. At the right end of Hf, independent terminal portions 52ea and 52eb having a two-pin configuration similar to the terminal portion 52c of FIGS. 6 and 7 are provided at intervals in the vertical direction. In FIG. 9, 41i, 41j, 42ia, 42ib, 42ja, and 42jb are air holes into which the metal pins 6 of the terminal portions 51e, 52ea, and 52eb are inserted.

  One single point defect resonator portion 11c that is directly electromagnetically coupled to the terminal portion 52ea is provided in the vicinity of the terminal portion 52ea, and the other single point defect resonator portion 11c is formed continuously with the one point defect resonator portion 11c. This is a band pass filter. Similarly, one single point defect resonator portion 11b that is directly electromagnetically coupled to the terminal portion 52eb is provided in the vicinity of the terminal portion 52eb, and the other single point defect resonator portion 11b is continuously formed. A four-stage bandpass filter is formed. These two band pass filters are provided side by side, and are isolated as independent filters by the band gap action of the perforated region Hf.

  On the other hand, in the vicinity of the terminal portion 51e, there is provided an internal transmission line portion 10d that branches into a “Y” shape that is directly electromagnetically coupled to the terminal portion 51e. The internal transmission line portion 10d is formed by a continuous defective area Da, similar to the internal transmission areas 10b and 10c of FIG. One of the branched internal transmission line portions 10d is electromagnetically coupled to a bandpass filter composed of a single point defect resonator portion 11c, and the other is electromagnetically coupled to a bandpass filter composed of a single point defect resonator portion 11b. Have been to.

  The center frequency of each bandpass filter can be determined by the interval between holes surrounding the one-point defect resonator portion or the hole diameter. These parameters are determined in accordance with a desired pass frequency, and a band pass filter having a desired pass band can be formed. The internal transmission line portion 10d functions as a combined line that combines these two bandpass filters, and the two-dimensional periodic structure 1g operates as a GHz band duplexer or diplexer as a whole.

  Also in the case of the two-dimensional periodic structure 1g of this embodiment, the metal pins 6 inserted into the air holes 41i, 41j, and 42ia to 42jb are electrically connected directly to an external transmission line such as a slot line with an extremely short connection distance. In addition, it is possible to provide a duplexer or the like that can be mounted in a plane on a mother board or the like and has the same effects as those of the first to sixth embodiments.

(Eighth embodiment)
Next, an eighth embodiment corresponding to claim 5 will be described with reference to FIG.

  FIGS. 10A to 10D are a plan view, a sectional view taken along line B5-B5, a rear view, and a front view of the two-dimensional periodic structure 1h, in which the same reference numerals as those in FIGS. The attached parts indicate the same or corresponding parts.

  The two-dimensional periodic structure 1h of this embodiment is based on, for example, the support base with terminal 21a on the front side in the perforated area Hg of the dielectric substrate 3g by omitting the support base with terminal 22a from the two-dimensional periodic structure 1a in FIG. One terminal portion 51f as an antenna terminal is provided.

  By the way, the coordinate axes of the two-dimensional arrangement of the air holes 4 in the perforated region Hg are the front-rear axis B and the left-right axis A orthogonal to each other in FIG.

  In addition, when the one-point defect area Dda at the same position as the one defect area Da in FIG. 1, for example, in the perforated area Hg is defined as the starting defect area, the cutting in FIG. The B5-B5 line of the position becomes one of the coordinate axes B and A, here the virtual axis of claim 5 parallel to the axis B.

  Then, as shown by the broken line in FIG. 10, the air hole 4 extends from the one-point defect region Dda starting from the perforated region Hg of the dielectric substrate 3g to the rear edge of the dielectric substrate 3g along the virtual axis. A plurality of one-point defect regions Dd are continuously formed so that the area lacking the diameter gradually increases, and as a result, the planar antenna portion 12 in the GHz band is formed in the perforated region Hg.

  Then, a transmitting antenna in which electromagnetic field energy excited by the metal pin 6 radiates into the air through the planar antenna unit 12, or a receiving antenna that receives electromagnetic field energy in the air by the planar antenna unit 12 and extracts it to the metal pin 6. At this time, the directivity of the antenna can be controlled by the orientation, size, shape, etc. of the planar antenna unit 12.

  Therefore, the two-dimensional periodic structure 1h of this embodiment is also electrically connected directly to the external transmission line of the slot line with a very short connection distance by the metal pin 6 inserted through the air holes 41a to 41c, and is connected to the motherboard or the like. It is possible to provide a planar antenna that can be mounted in a plane and has the same effects as those of the first to fifth embodiments.

(Ninth embodiment)
Next, a ninth embodiment corresponding to claim 12 will be described with reference to FIG.

  11 shows the two-dimensional periodic structure 1a of FIG. 1 in a state of being housed in a metal case 13, where (a) is a plan view, (b) is a right side view of (a), and (c) is ( (a) is a front view of (a), (e) is a sectional view taken along line A6-A6 of (a), and in FIG. The parts shown are identical or equivalent.

  In this embodiment, the two-dimensional periodic structure 1 a is covered with the metal case 13 by covering the metal case 13 with a lid shape whose upper surface is generally open.

  The metal case 13 is formed by processing, for example, an aluminum plate, a steel plate or the like, and the lower edge of the front side and the rear side is in contact with the metal electrode plates 9a and 9c as the ground electrodes of the support bases 21a and 21b. It is connected to the ground via the plates 9a and 9c. A notch 13a is formed in the metal case 13 so as not to contact the metal electrode plate 9c as a signal electrode.

  Therefore, the dielectric substrate 1a is housed in the metal case 13 and is shielded as a whole, and there is an advantage that leakage of electromagnetic waves on the dielectric substrate 1a and intrusion of unnecessary electromagnetic waves can be prevented.

(Description of resonance in each of the above embodiments)
Next, the band gap and resonance of each of the above embodiments will be described with reference to FIGS.

  First, FIG. 12 shows a shielded three-point defect resonator model of the two-dimensional periodic structure 1α according to the present invention, where (a) is a perspective view and (b) is a plan view of the dielectric substrate 3α. It is.

  12 is accommodated in a hexahedral shielding conductor (metal shield) 14. In the dielectric substrate 3α, 4α is a two-dimensional array of air holes, and Dα is three adjacent triangles. This is a defect area formed by lacking the air holes 4α. Further, each dimension a to s in the figure is a = 1.1, b = 1.9, d = 0.8, t = 0.8, s = 1.0 (unit is mm) (a, b: lattice constant of the air holes 4, t: thickness of the dielectric substrate 3α, s: height of the space above and below the dielectric substrate 3α), and the relative dielectric constant as the material constant of the dielectric substrate 3α is 25. Tangent (dielectric power factor) is 0.001.

  FIG. 13 shows an example of a band gap analysis of the single-point defect resonator model that is the base of the resonator model of FIG. 12, where (a) is an explanatory diagram of the defect region Dβ, and (b) is a defect. FIG. 5C is an explanatory diagram of an analysis path in the wave number space of the region Dβ, FIG. 5C is a band gap characteristic diagram in the wave number space of the analysis result, and FIG. 6D is a band gap characteristic diagram with respect to a change in the diameter of the air hole 4.

  13A is formed by slightly shifting the arrangement of the air holes 4α so that the shape formed by surrounding the air holes 4α in the vicinity thereof does not become a regular hexagon.

  For this reason, in the one-point defect resonator model of the defect region Dβ, the defect is not 90 ° center point symmetric, and resonance of multiple modes having different frequencies as shown in FIG.

  And, in the case of the same point defect resonator model, if each mode in the order from the low resonance frequency mode is the mode of frequency f1, f2, f3, f4, f5,. In the wave number space, the analysis result of FIG. 13C is obtained, and for the diameter of the air hole 4 in the vicinity, the analysis result of FIG. 13D is obtained, and the band increases as the diameter of the air hole 4 increases. The band of the gap BG is widened.

  The energy of the electromagnetic wave is mostly confined in the defect region Dβ by the action of the band gap BG, but spreads to the periphery with a certain extent and propagates to the adjacent defect region.

  For these reasons, the resonators of two-point defect, three-point defect,... Lacking the plurality of air holes 4 may similarly cause multi-mode resonance and obtain the same band gap BG characteristics. I understand.

  In the case of the three-point defect resonator model shown in FIG. 12, the resonance mode is analyzed with a band gap BG of 43.0 to 71.7 (GHz), a center frequency of 57.4 GHz, and a specific bandwidth of 49.97%. Then, the frequency characteristic of the wave number space shown in FIG. 14A and the no-load Q characteristic shown in FIG. 14B were obtained. However, the dielectric loss tangent of the dielectric material was 0.001 as the calculation condition.

  At this time, if the target resonance frequency (frequency of the resonance mode intended for design) is 57.97 GHz, as shown in the resonance mode group of FIG. 15, a number of modes above and below the frequency range of the band gap BG. Resonance can occur. In addition, each M in a figure shows the state of the electromagnetic wave of a resonance mode, respectively.

  And when the state of several resonance modes was analyzed about the same model of a 1 point defect resonator, a 2 point defect resonator, and two types of 3 point defect resonators, the result of FIGS. 16-19 was obtained. .

  FIGS. 16A and 16B show the electromagnetic wave states of the two resonance modes of the one-point defect resonator model. FIGS. 17A to 17D show the four resonance modes of the two-point defect resonator model. Indicates the state of electromagnetic waves. FIGS. 18A to 18E show the states of electromagnetic waves in each of the five resonance modes of the three-point defect resonator model formed by lacking the three air holes 4α arranged in a straight line. (D) shows the electromagnetic wave states of the four resonance modes of a triangular type three-point defect resonator model formed by lacking the three air holes 4α adjacent to the triangular shape as in the model of FIG. Show.

  The first mode of these resonator models is the mode of the target frequency (main mode). For example, when the main mode filter is formed by the one-point defect resonator model of FIG. 16, the second mode is When the spurious mode is set and the level of this mode is large, the filter characteristics deteriorate. Similarly, in the case of other resonator models, when forming a main mode filter. When the level of other derived modes is large, the filter characteristics deteriorate.

  However, in the case of the two-dimensional periodic structure according to the present invention, the coupling capacity can be easily adjusted by selecting the shape and size of each metal pin 6 of the input / output structure in each of the above embodiments. The coupling capacity can also be easily adjusted by selecting the filling amount and conductivity of the resin adhesive 7, and the resonance mode selectivity can be increased by these adjustments.

  Therefore, for example, when forming a filter having the first mode as the main mode, the spurious level is adjusted by adjusting the coupling capacitance so that the energy supply of electromagnetic waves to other resonance modes such as the second mode is reduced. Becomes extremely small and does not become a bandpass filter having two large passbands, and can have excellent filter characteristics for filtering the electromagnetic waves of the main mode.

  In the case of forming a triangular type three-point defect resonator filter such as the above-described triangular type three-point defect resonator model, as is apparent from FIG. Since no spurious mode exists in the range of about 1 GHz in the vicinity of), almost no spurious appears in the vicinity of the main mode pass band even without special adjustment of the coupling capacitance by the input / output structure. A filter with good characteristics can be realized.

  And this invention is not limited to each above-mentioned embodiment, In the range which does not deviate from the meaning, it is possible to perform a various change other than what was mentioned above, for example, for perforated area Ha-Hg, The structure formed in a part of dielectric substrate 3a-3g may be sufficient.

  Further, each metal pin 6 is not limited to a semi-cylindrical shape, and may have various shapes such as a cylindrical shape and a plate shape, and may be a linear shape or a needle (rod) shape. May be.

  Furthermore, the dielectric substrates 3a to 3g can of course be formed of various ceramic substrates similar to the photonic crystal structure.

  Of course, the two-dimensional periodic structure of the present invention can be used for various transmission lines, filters, antennas and the like in the GHz band.

1A is a plan view, FIG. 1B is a cross-sectional view, FIG. 1C is a back view, FIG. 3D is a front view, and FIG. 1 shows a support base with a terminal in FIG. 1, (a) is a plan view, (b) is a rear view, (c) is a front view, and (d) is a rear view. FIG. It is a top view of an example of the high frequency device which has a two-dimensional periodic structure of a three-point defect. It is a top view of a 2nd embodiment. A third embodiment is shown, in which (a) is a plan view, (b) is a cross-sectional view, (c) is a side view, (d) is another cross-sectional view, and (e) is a back view. A 4th embodiment is shown, (a) is a top view, (b) is one sectional view, (c) is a side view, (d) is another sectional view, and (e) is a back view. A 5th embodiment is shown, (a) is a top view, (b) is one sectional view, (c) is a side view, (d) is another sectional view, and (e) is a back view. It is a top view of a 6th embodiment. It is a top view of a 7th embodiment. FIG. 8A is a plan view, FIG. 8B is a sectional view, FIG. 8C is a rear view, and FIG. 8D is a front view. FIG. 9A is a plan view, FIG. 9B is a side view, FIG. 9C is a cross-sectional view, FIG. 9D is a front view, and FIG. 3 shows a three-point defect resonator model for explaining resonance of the present invention, in which (a) is a perspective view and (b) is a plan view. FIG. 12 shows an example of band gap analysis of the model of FIG. 12, where (a) is an explanatory diagram of a defect region, (b) is an explanatory diagram of an analysis path in wave number space, and (c) and (d) are band gap characteristic diagrams, respectively. It is. The analysis result of the resonance mode of the model of FIG. 12 is shown, (a) is the frequency characteristic of wave number space, (b) is a no-load Q characteristic. It is explanatory drawing of the resonance mode group of the model of FIG. (A), (b) is explanatory drawing of the example of an observation of 2 resonance modes of a 1 point defect resonator. (A)-(d) is explanatory drawing of the example of observation of 4 resonance modes of a 2 point defect resonator. (A)-(e) is explanatory drawing of the example of observation of 5 resonance modes of an example of a 3 point defect resonator. (A)-(d) is explanatory drawing of the example of observation of 4 resonance modes of the other example of a 3 point defect resonator.

Explanation of symbols

1a to 1h, 1j, 1α Two-dimensional periodic structure (high-frequency device having a two-dimensional periodic structure)
3a to 3g, 3α Dielectric substrate 4, 41a to 41j, 42a to 42h, 42ia, 42ib, 42ja, 42jb, 4s, 4α Air hole 51a to 51f, 52a to 52d, 52ea, 52eb Terminal portion 6 Metal pin 7 Resin bonding Agents 9a to 9e Metal electrode plate 10a Internal transmission line 10b to 10d Internal transmission line part 11a to 11c One-point defect resonator part 13 Metal case Da to Dd, Dda, Dα, Dβ Defect area Ha to Hg Perforated area

Claims (12)

A high-frequency device having a two-dimensional periodic structure in which air holes perpendicular to the main surface and having the same diameter are two-dimensionally arranged at a predetermined period in a perforated region that occupies a part or the whole of the main surface of the dielectric substrate. ,
Having a defective region lacking the air holes in at least one of the perforated regions;
Having at least one terminal portion through which a metal pin is inserted into each of the plurality of air holes in the vicinity of the defect region;
A high-frequency device having a two-dimensional periodic structure, wherein each of the metal pins is electrically connected to an external transmission line.   2. The high-frequency device having a two-dimensional periodic structure according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of the defect regions are continuously formed in the perforated region to constitute an internal transmission path having a predetermined frequency.   2. The high-frequency device having a two-dimensional periodic structure according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of the defect regions are formed discontinuously in the perforated region to constitute individual resonators. In the perforated region, forming a part of the internal transmission path in which the defect region is continuous, and a part of the resonator constituted by the discontinuous defect region,
The high-frequency device having a two-dimensional periodic structure according to claim 1, further comprising a composite circuit of the internal transmission path and the resonator. The defect region gradually increases in the area lacking the air holes from the starting point on a virtual axis parallel to one of the coordinate axes of the two-dimensional array to the edge of the main surface along the virtual axis. Formed as
The high-frequency device having a two-dimensional periodic structure according to claim 1, wherein the terminal portion is formed as an antenna terminal in the vicinity of the starting point.   The high-frequency device having a two-dimensional periodic structure according to claim 1, wherein air holes having different diameters are locally formed in the perforated region. At least one of the terminal portions is composed of two metal pins inserted into the two air holes,
One of the two metal pins forms a signal electrode, the other of the two metal pins forms a ground electrode,
The two metal pins are electrically connected to a signal side conductor and a ground side conductor of a slot line or a microstrip line as the external transmission path, respectively. A high-frequency device having the two-dimensional periodic structure described in 1. At least one of the terminal portions is composed of three metal pins arranged in parallel inserted through the three air holes,
Of the three metal pins, a central metal pin forms a signal electrode, and the remaining two metal pins form a ground electrode.
The center metal pin and the remaining two metal pins are electrically connected to a signal side conductor and a ground side conductor of a coplanar line or microstrip line as the external transmission path, respectively. Item 7. A high-frequency device having the two-dimensional periodic structure according to any one of items 1 to 6.   9. The high-frequency device having a two-dimensional periodic structure according to claim 1, wherein the metal pin is made of a metal plate that is curved in a cross-sectional arc shape along the inner wall of the air hole.   The high-frequency device having a two-dimensional periodic structure according to claim 1, wherein the air hole through which the metal pin is inserted is filled with a resin adhesive.   The high-frequency device having a two-dimensional periodic structure according to claim 10, wherein the resin adhesive is conductive.   The high-frequency device having a two-dimensional periodic structure according to claim 1, wherein the dielectric substrate is housed in a metal case, and the metal case is connected to a ground.