JP2008025663A - Assembly method of ball bearing, and ball bearing - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an assembly method of a ball bearing capable of assembling the ball bearing to provide a cage with an envisioned play amount, and to provide a ball bearing. <P>SOLUTION: This assembly method of a ball bearing 10 is used for assembling the ball bearing where a plurality of balls 13 arranged between an inner ring raceway and an outer ring raceway of bearing rings 11 and 12 are rollably held by the case 14. The bearing is assembled by selecting a combination of the cage, the balls and the bearing rings so that a play amount Y in a radial direction and/or an axial direction in the cage is set at a value suitable for its application in the state of a bearing. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2008,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a ball bearing assembly method and a ball bearing in which a plurality of balls arranged between an inner ring raceway and an outer ring raceway of a raceway ring are rotatably held by a cage.

  As shown in FIG. 1, in a conventional ball bearing 10, an inner ring 12 having an inner ring raceway 12a formed on the outer peripheral surface and an outer ring 11 having an outer ring raceway 11a formed on the inner peripheral surface are arranged concentrically to form an inner ring raceway 12a. A plurality of balls 13 are provided so as to roll freely between the outer ring raceway 11a and the outer ring raceway 11a. A plurality of balls 13 is held by a cage 14 so as to be freely rollable. In some cases, both ends of the outer ring 11 are attached with a sealing device made of an annular shield plate. The outer peripheral edge of each shield plate is locked to the inner peripheral surfaces of both ends of the outer ring 11, and the ball The grease existing in the portion where the 13 is installed is prevented from leaking to the outside, or dust which floats outside is prevented from entering the installation portion. Note that a contact-type seal plate may be used as the sealing device instead of the non-contact-type shield plate.

  Conventionally, when assembling a ball bearing 10 as shown in FIG. 1, the inner ring 12 is eccentric in the radial direction with respect to the outer ring 11 within the same plane, and the outer ring 11 has a gap formed between the inner ring 12 and the outer ring 11. After inserting a predetermined number of balls 13 into the outer ring raceway 11 a, the inner ring 12 is moved until it is concentric with the outer ring 11. Thereafter, the balls 13 are arranged at equal intervals, and the cage 14 is mounted in accordance with the phase where the balls are arranged.

  After integrating the retainer 14 as a bearing, it is appropriately sealed with lubricating grease and fitted with a sealing device according to the application. The cage 14 of the deep groove ball bearing is not particularly selected for fitting with other parts of the bearing, and maintains performance quality by making it within the dimensional tolerance of each part in advance so that the predetermined performance is exhibited. is doing.

Patent Document 1 below proposes a cage in which the amount of rattling in a ball radial direction in a ball bearing can be maintained constant.
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 7-190068

  The environment where ball bearings are used is increasingly demanding to be quiet. In particular, the so-called cage noise caused by the play amount of the cage has a lot of noise in the human audible range. There are strict requirements at the center. For this reason, it may be necessary to deal specifically with a cage having a small play amount dedicated to the application. In addition, there are various ways of using bearings in recent years, and there are cases where the load applied to the bearing must be not only a simple pure axial load or pure radial load but also a large moment load. In this case, the revolution speed of the ball and the rotation speed of the cage do not coincide with each other due to the phase of the ball, and as a result, when there is little play in the pocket of the cage, it receives a force pushed from the ball or a pulling force. Become. As a result of this phenomenon, the cage is repeatedly stressed, and the cage may be subject to fatigue failure.

  As described above, with the recent demand for ball bearings becoming more sophisticated, a dedicated cage adapted to the application is required to achieve these as a bearing. However, the control of the play amount of the cage can be aimed at a very small place, and the ball may be restrained due to glare or the like, and cannot be made extremely small. In addition, if the size is too large, there is a problem that it comes into contact with other parts, and this cannot be extremely large. However, this delicate control of the play amount of the cage is effective for the above-mentioned malfunctions. Conversely, even if the same cage is used, this subtle control may not be set as expected depending on the performance of other parts (outer ring, inner ring), and may not be effective.

  As a specific example of this, even if a dedicated cage with large pocket play is used so that a large moment load can be applied, depending on the appearance of the outer ring and inner ring (track diameter is larger or smaller than the setting) When assembled as a bearing, the play amount of the cage becomes smaller than expected, and the desired effect may not be obtained.

  In addition, a special cage with a small amount of play is used to suppress cage noise, and the cage restrains the ball due to the appearance of the outer and inner rings, resulting in excessive bearing torque, early temperature rise, seizure, etc. It may be possible to cause problems. As a countermeasure against this, there is a design as described in Patent Document 1 in which the cage pocket shape is devised so that the play amount is constant regardless of the appearance of the raceway diameter of the outer and inner rings. Large and small ones must be prepared as dedicated cages. As described above, possession of a cage for each application may be a serious adverse effect on a manufacturer in terms of management and cost.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above-described problems of the prior art, and an object of the present invention is to provide a ball bearing assembling method and a ball bearing that can be assembled so that the cage has a play amount as expected.

  In order to achieve the above object, a ball bearing assembling method according to the present invention includes a ball bearing that holds a plurality of balls arranged between an inner ring raceway and an outer ring raceway of a bearing ring so as to be freely rollable by a cage. A method of assembling, wherein a combination of the cage, the ball, and the bearing ring is set so that a radial and / or axial play amount in the retainer becomes a play amount suitable for the application in a bearing state. It is characterized by selecting and assembling the bearing.

  According to this method of assembling the ball bearing, the combination of the cage, ball and raceway is selected so that the amount of play of the cage in the state of the bearing becomes the amount of play suitable for the application. The bearings can be assembled to have the expected play suitable for the application. Therefore, since a cage having an optimum play amount can be incorporated, a bearing capable of exhibiting optimum performance in the application can be supplied.

  In addition, since a general-purpose cage can be applied to a bearing for which a dedicated cage has been set up to now, the number of managed components can be reduced, and the cost of components can be reduced. In addition, when using a conventional dedicated cage, the dimensional tolerance of each part was severe. However, according to the assembly method of the present invention, the dimensional tolerance at the general-purpose product level can be obtained. However, the process capability is improved, and there are significant benefits in terms of quality control.

  The ball bearing assembly method includes a step of measuring a raceway diameter D of the raceway, a step of temporarily assembling the cage and the ball, and mounting the temporarily assembled cage on a virtual raceway having a raceway diameter Dt. Measuring the cage movement amount X, determining the cage play amount Y in the bearing state based on the measured track diameter D, the motion amount X, and the track diameter Dt; Preferably selecting a combination of the cage, the ball and the raceway based on the play amount Y of the cage. In this way, the cage and balls are temporarily assembled and the amount of movement X of the cage when mounted on the virtual race ring with the track diameter Dt is measured, and the track diameter of the track ring is measured, and the track diameter is Dt + α. Assuming that (α = D−Dt), the amount of movement Y of the cage when incorporated in an actual bearing is (X−α), and this (X−α) is the play amount of the optimum condition for the application. By selecting a combination of a cage, balls, and race rings (outer ring, inner ring) so that a bearing with performance as designed can be supplied.

  Further, a plurality of the temporary assemblies are performed, the play amount Y of the cage is obtained for each temporary assembly, and a suitable one for the application is selected from the plurality of temporary assemblies based on the respective play amounts Y. You may make it do. Since the play amounts of a plurality of temporary assemblies can be compared, it is possible to select an optimal one for the application.

  A step of temporarily assembling the cage in a state where the raceway and the ball are combined; a step of measuring a movement amount of the cage in the temporarily assembled state; and a movement amount of the cage And a step of selecting a temporary assembly that provides a play amount suitable for the application. The amount of movement of the cage is measured in a state where the raceway, the ball, and the cage are temporarily assembled without being mounted on the virtual raceway.

  In addition, the entire cage may be measured by X-ray CT scan or the like, and the amount of movement after the bearing assembly may be calculated in advance to select the most suitable cage for the combination. This method is versatile and is not affected by the production quantity.

  The ball bearing according to the present invention is assembled by the above-described assembling method. According to this ball bearing, since the cage has an expected play amount suitable for the application, the cage having the optimum play amount is incorporated, and a bearing capable of exhibiting the optimum performance in the application can be realized. In addition, since a bearing with a small play amount can be realized for an environment that is severe with respect to noise such as cage noise, a bearing that can suppress noise caused by vibration of the cage can be realized. Further, since the bearing having a large play amount of the cage can be realized for an environment where a moment load is applied, the cage is not pushed from the ball, and the cage is hardly damaged due to fatigue failure or the like.

  According to the ball bearing assembling method of the present invention, the bearing can be assembled so that the cage has an expected play amount suitable for the application. Therefore, since a cage having an optimum play amount can be incorporated, a bearing capable of exhibiting optimum performance in the application can be supplied.

  The best mode for carrying out the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 2 is a plan view for explaining steps (a) to (j) of the ball bearing assembling method according to the present embodiment. FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing an example of a cage of a ball bearing that can be assembled by the assembling method of FIG. FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing another example of a ball bearing cage that can be assembled by the assembling method of FIG. FIG. 5 is a flowchart for explaining steps S01 to S09 of the ball bearing assembling method of FIG.

  According to the assembling method of the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1, the inner ring 12 in which the inner ring raceway 12a is formed on the outer peripheral surface and the outer ring 11 in which the outer ring raceway 11a is formed on the inner peripheral surface are arranged concentrically. It is possible to assemble a ball bearing 10 configured by rolling a plurality of balls 13 between the inner ring raceway 12a and the outer ring raceway 11a.

  Further, in the case of a deep groove ball bearing as shown in FIG. 1, the cage 14 is often divided into two in the axial direction as shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, and the drawing is shown in order to integrate the divided cages. As shown in FIG. 3, a plurality of pins 14a are inserted and crimped. Moreover, you may make it the structure which crimps so that one holder | retainer may wrap the other by the some constriction part 14b like FIG.

  Hereinafter, the process of assembling the ball bearing 10 of FIG. 1 will be described with reference to FIGS.

  First, as shown in FIG. 2A, the raceway diameter Da of the outer ring 11 and the raceway diameter Db of the inner ring 12 are measured (S01 in FIG. 5). This is originally a measurement for keeping the internal clearance of the bearing within a predetermined allowable value. After that, as shown in FIG. 2B, a ball 13 having a ball diameter capable of obtaining a predetermined bearing internal clearance is selected, and the outer ring 11 and the inner ring 12 are combined.

  Next, a plurality of balls 13 are inserted in a state where the inner ring 12 is eccentrically arranged in the outer ring 11 as shown in FIG. 2C, and then the inner ring 12 with respect to the outer ring 11 as shown in FIG. To be concentric.

  Next, in order to mount the retainer 14 as shown in FIG. 2 (e), the balls 13 are distributed at a predetermined interval, and then the retainer 14 is mounted as shown in FIG. 2 (f). With respect to the retainer 14, after temporarily assembling the plurality of balls 13 and the retainer 14 of FIG. 2 (h) as shown in FIG. 2 (i) (S02 of FIG. 5), as shown in FIG. 2 (j). It is mounted on a cylindrical virtual rail having an inner ring raceway diameter Dt (S03 in FIG. 5), and the radial movement amount X of the cage 14 is measured in advance (S04 in FIG. 5).

  The measured value X is recorded, and the difference α (=) between the measured value Db of the track diameter of the inner ring 12 measured in FIG. 2A and the inner ring track diameter Dt of the virtual race wheel in FIG. The play amount Y in the radial direction of the cage 14 after assembly (see FIG. 2G) is calculated from Db−Dt) by the following equation (1) (S05 in FIG. 5).

Y = X−α (1)
Where α = Db−Dt

  It is determined whether or not the play amount Y in the radial direction of the cage 14 calculated as described above is within the target range (S06 in FIG. 5). 2 (f) is assembled and mounted (S07 in FIG. 5), and then the retainer 14 is crimped in the configuration shown in FIG. 3 or 4 as shown in FIG. 2 (g) (FIG. 5). S08). Thereafter, the ball bearing 10 is completed through necessary post-processes such as filling the inside with a lubricant and attaching a sealing device.

  Further, when the play amount Y is out of the target range in step S06 in FIG. 5, the provisional combination is given up and the same steps are repeated with another temporary combination (S09). In step S09, the measurement value Db of step S01 is obtained in advance.

  As described above, according to the ball bearing assembly method according to the present embodiment, the cage and balls are temporarily assembled and the play amount of the cage is measured in advance, so the amount of movement of the cage in the bearing state is determined. I can control it. Therefore, it becomes possible to incorporate a cage having an optimum play amount for the application to be applied to the bearing, and it is possible to supply a ball bearing capable of exhibiting the optimum performance in the application.

  Further, ball bearings for environments that are harsh with respect to noise such as cage noise can be assembled with a combination with a small amount of play of the cage, so that noise caused by vibration of the cage can be suppressed. In addition, environmental ball bearings that are subject to moment loads can be assembled with a combination with a large amount of play in the cage, so the cage is not pushed from the ball and the cage is damaged due to fatigue failure, etc. It becomes difficult to occur.

  In addition, by assembling the ball bearing by the assembling method according to the present embodiment, there is no need to set a dedicated cage as in the past, and a general-purpose cage can be applied, so the number of managed parts can be reduced. , Parts costs can be reduced.

  In addition, the conventional dedicated cage requires delicate control of the play amount, and it is necessary to comprehensively consider the complete appearance of each part, so the dimensional tolerance of each part has to be strict. On the other hand, by adopting the assembling method according to the present embodiment, it is possible to achieve a dimensional tolerance at the level of general products, the process capability is improved in the production of parts, and there is a great merit in terms of quality control.

  2 (i) as shown in FIG. 2 (h), a plurality of temporary assemblies of the balls 13 and the cage 14 are preliminarily assembled, and the measurement shown in FIG. 2 (j) is performed for each temporary assembly. In addition, a ball bearing that is close to the ideal may be selected from the plurality of temporary assemblies, and a ball bearing in which the play amount Y in the radial direction of the cage 14 is closer to the target can be obtained.

  As described above, the best mode for carrying out the present invention has been described. However, the present invention is not limited to these, and various modifications are possible within the scope of the technical idea of the present invention. For example, the play amount of the cage measured in the description of FIG. 2 is the play amount in the radial direction, but the present invention is not limited to this, and when it is necessary to specify the play amount in the axial direction, the play amount is shown in FIG. Thus, the amount of movement Q in the axial direction of the cage 14 is measured, the amount of play in the axial direction of the cage 14 is obtained in the same manner as in FIG. 2, and the amount of play in the axial direction of the cage 14 suitable for the application is obtained. It is also possible to assemble so that it has. However, the amount of movement of the cage in the axial direction needs to be converted separately by calculation or measurement because the change in the amount of movement due to the difference in the track diameter is different from that described above.

  In addition, as shown in FIG. 2 (f), there is a method in which the retainer 14 is temporarily assembled in a state where the outer ring 11, the inner ring 12 and the ball 13 are combined, and a combination in which the amount of movement is within the target range is used as this combination. is there. This method is an assembly method suitable for the production of small lot products, and the method described in FIG. 2 is an assembly method suitable for mass production.

  In addition, the entire cage is automatically measured with a measuring instrument such as an X-ray CT scan that can create non-destructive three-dimensional dimension data from the object to be measured, and the amount of movement after mounting the bearing is calculated in advance and optimized. There is also a method for selecting a matching cage and matching. This is a method in which the cost of the measuring device is high, but it is versatile and does not depend on the production quantity.

  In FIG. 2, the temporary assembly of the plurality of balls 13 and the cage 14 is mounted on the virtual inner ring and the amount of movement of the cage is measured. However, the cage 14 is mounted on the virtual outer ring having the track diameter Dt ′. The amount of play X in the radial direction of the cage may be calculated from the measured value Da of the track diameter of the outer ring 11 and the track diameter Dt ′ of the virtual outer ring.

It is the perspective view which fractured | ruptured partially in order to show the internal structure of the conventional ball bearing. It is a top view for demonstrating each process (a) thru | or (j) of the assembly method of the ball bearing by this Embodiment. It is a perspective view which shows an example of the holder | retainer of the ball bearing which can be assembled with the assembly method of FIG. It is a perspective view which shows another example of the holder | retainer of the ball bearing which can be assembled with the assembly method of FIG. It is a flowchart for demonstrating the assembly method of the ball bearing of FIG. It is a figure for demonstrating the modification of the assembly method of the ball bearing by this Embodiment, and is a figure which shows the state which measures the movement amount in the axial direction of a holder | retainer.

Explanation of symbols

10 Ball bearing 11 Outer ring (Raceway ring)
11a Outer ring raceway 12 Inner ring raceway raceway
12a Inner ring track 13 Ball 14 Cage Da Measured value of outer ring raceway diameter Db Measured value of inner ring raceway diameter Dt Inner ring raceway diameter of virtual race wheel (track radius of virtual race wheel)
X Amount of movement of the temporarily assembled cage in the radial direction Y Amount of play of the cage in the bearing state Q Amount of movement of the temporarily assembled cage in the axial direction

Claims (6)

A method of assembling a ball bearing that holds a plurality of balls arranged between an inner ring raceway and an outer ring raceway of a bearing ring so as to be freely rollable by a cage,
Assembling the bearing by selecting a combination of the cage, the ball, and the bearing ring so that a radial and / or axial play amount in the cage is a play amount suitable for the application in the state of the bearing. A method of assembling a ball bearing characterized in that Measuring a track diameter D of the raceway;
Temporarily assembling the cage and the ball;
Attaching the temporarily assembled cage to a virtual raceway having a track diameter Dt and measuring a movement amount X of the cage;
Obtaining a play amount Y of the cage in a bearing state based on the measured track diameter D, movement amount X and track diameter Dt;
The ball bearing assembly method according to claim 1, further comprising: selecting a combination of the cage, the ball, and the bearing ring based on a play amount Y of the cage. A plurality of temporary assemblies are performed, and a play amount Y of the cage is determined for each temporary assembly,
The ball bearing assembly method according to claim 2, wherein a suitable one for the application is selected from the plurality of sets of temporary assemblies based on each play amount Y. Temporarily assembling the cage in a state where the raceway and the ball are combined;
Measuring the amount of movement of the cage in the temporarily assembled state;
The ball bearing assembly method according to claim 1, further comprising: selecting a temporary assembly in which the amount of movement of the cage is an amount of play suitable for the application.   The ball bearing assembly method according to claim 1, wherein the entire cage is measured, and the amount of movement after the bearing is assembled is calculated in advance to select an optimum cage for the combination. A ball bearing assembled by the assembling method according to claim 1.

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