JP2008007539A - Coke extrusion method and coke manufacturing method - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a coke extrusion method that exactly lessens an extrusion load thereby to reduce damage of a coke oven wall when a coke lump is extruded from a carbonization chamber of a coke oven, and a coke manufacturing method. <P>SOLUTION: The coke extrusion method comprises extruding the coke lump while applying oscillation thereto in the case that, at the time of previous extrusion, a load current value of a driving apparatus of the extrusion apparatus in the carbonization chamber exceeds a predetermined value on extrusion of the coke lump in the carbonization chamber in the coke oven from the carbonization chamber using an extrusion apparatus. The coke lump is extruded with oscillation applied in the case that the carbonization chamber has been just made empty, that a carbonization chamber neighboring to the carbonization chamber is empty, that the oven wall of the carbonization chamber has been just repaired, or that the oven wall of the carbonization chamber has deficit. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2008,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention has a heat storage chamber at the lower part of the furnace body, and in the chamber furnace type coke oven in which combustion chambers and carbonization chambers are alternately arranged at the upper part, coke produced by dry distillation in the carbonization chamber is obtained. The present invention relates to a coke extrusion method and a coke production method for extruding from a coke.

  In the coke oven, when coke (coke lump) produced by carbonizing coal in the carbonization chamber is extruded from the carbonization chamber using an extrusion device, the coke is clogged in the carbonization chamber, resulting in an increase in the extrusion load. As a result, a large force acts on the furnace wall of the coke oven carbonization chamber, and the furnace wall may be damaged. If the clogging is severe, the furnace wall will be destroyed, or it will be impossible to extrude coke with an extrusion device, and the coke must be scraped out manually after the furnace temperature has been lowered. When clogging occurs in this way, the repair cost of the furnace wall increases, and the production volume is inevitably reduced by stopping the furnace.

  In order to solve such problems, the following techniques have been proposed as techniques for reducing the extrusion load and preventing damage to the furnace wall.

  For example, when repairing the bottom brick in the carbonization chamber of the coke oven, the dry powder coke is placed in the carbonization chamber, and the dry powder coke fills the recesses on the surface of the bottom brick and flattens it. There is a method of reducing the friction between the lump and the furnace bottom (for example, see Patent Document 1).

Further, prior to charging the raw coal to the carbonization chamber, the particulate refractory material (5mm or less) (such as graphite or Si ₃ N ₄₎ leave spread the beveled furnace bottom, lump coke and the oven during coke extrusion There is also a technique of reducing the friction between the bottoms and consequently preventing the furnace wall damage (see, for example, Patent Document 2).
JP 59-187082 A JP-A-8-120278

  However, the techniques described in Patent Documents 1 and 2 have a problem that they cannot be sufficiently reduced in pushing load.

  That is, both of the techniques described in Patent Documents 1 and 2 are intended to reduce the frictional force between the coke lump and the carbonization chamber furnace bottom. The main cause of the increase is not the frictional force between the coke mass and the bottom of the coking chamber, but when the coke mass is extruded using an extrusion device, the coke mass pushed by the ram head of the extrusion device deforms and collapses This is because the frictional force between the coke lump and the carbonization chamber side wall is increased by spreading in the horizontal direction perpendicular to the extrusion direction.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and when extruding a coke lump from a coking chamber of a coke oven, the coke oven can accurately reduce the extrusion load and reduce the damage to the coke oven wall. The object is to provide an extrusion method and a coke production method.

The features of the present invention for solving such problems are as follows.
(1) When the coke lump in the carbonization chamber of the coke oven is extruded from the carbonization chamber using the extrusion device, the load current value of the drive device of the extrusion device at the previous extrusion in the carbonization chamber has a predetermined value. Coke extrusion method characterized by extruding while giving vibration to coke mass when exceeding.
(2) When extruding the coke lump in the coking chamber of the coke oven from the carbonizing chamber using an extrusion device, if the carbonizing chamber is just after being emptied, the coke lump is extruded while applying vibration to the coke lump. Coke extrusion method characterized by
(3) When extruding the coke lump in the coking chamber of the coke oven from the carbonizing chamber using an extrusion device, if the carbonizing chamber adjacent to the carbonizing chamber is empty, the coke lump is extruded while applying vibration to the coke lump. Coke extrusion method characterized by
(4) When the coke lump in the carbonization chamber of the coke oven is extruded from the carbonization chamber using an extrusion device, if the carbonization chamber is immediately after repairing the furnace wall, vibration is applied to the coke lump. Coke extrusion method characterized by extruding while pushing.
(5) When extruding the coke mass in the carbonization chamber of the coke oven from the carbonization chamber using an extrusion device, when the furnace wall of the carbonization chamber has a defect, the coke mass is extruded while applying vibration to the coke mass. Characteristic coke extrusion method.
(6) The extrusion device has a ram head for pressing the coke lump against the coke lump to extrude the coke lump from the carbonization chamber, and the coke lump is vibrated by vibrating the ram head. The coke extrusion method according to any one of (5).
(7) The coke extrusion method according to any one of (1) to (6), wherein vibration including at least an extrusion direction component is applied as a vibration direction.
(8) The coke extrusion method according to any one of (1) to (7), wherein vibration including one or more types of frequency components of 2 Hz to 100 Hz is applied.
(9) The coke extrusion method according to any one of (1) to (8), wherein vibration having a waveform including one or more types of sine waves is applied.
(10) The coke extrusion method according to any one of (1) to (9), wherein vibration having a vibration level of an acceleration level of 0.5G to 10G is applied.
(11) A coke production method comprising extruding a coke mass from a carbonization chamber using the coke extrusion method according to any one of (1) to (10).

  ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, the extrusion load at the time of extruding a coke lump from the carbonization chamber of a coke oven can be reduced. Thereby, damage to the furnace wall of the coke oven can be reduced, and the life of the furnace wall can be extended. Further, since the occurrence of clogging can be prevented, operation delay is avoided and productivity is improved. In addition, the extrusion load (for example, the maximum load current value of the extrusion ram drive unit) can be maintained within the control level regardless of the volatile content of the blended coal, the expansion pressure of the blended coal, and the blending amount of the high expansion pressure coal. Charcoal management becomes very easy. Accordingly, the amount of low-cost coal with high volatile content, low volatile content, or high expansion pressure can be increased, so that the cost of coke production can be reduced.

  In the present invention, the extrusion load is reduced by extruding from the carbonization chamber while applying vibration to the coke mass, which is a mass of coke produced by dry distillation of coal charged into the carbonization chamber of the coke oven. By applying vibration to the coke mass, the friction between the coke mass and the carbonization chamber furnace wall is changed from static friction to dynamic friction, thereby reducing the friction coefficient, thereby reducing the extrusion load. It is effective to apply such vibration to the coke mass when it is likely that clogging is likely to occur and the extrusion force is expected to increase.

  In addition, the coke lump said by this invention refers to the whole coke in a carbonization chamber, and does not mean only the block-shaped coke part which coke fixed. Coke cracks in the process of being cooled in the furnace, but in the extrusion process, the cokes come into close contact with each other and can transmit vibrations throughout the coke as a single unit, so the entire coke is fixed. Thus, it is not necessary to have an integrated block shape.

  First, an embodiment for imparting vibration to a coke mass will be described with reference to the drawings.

  FIG. 1 is an explanatory view showing a longitudinal section of the coke lump and the extrusion device in the coke oven carbonization chamber in the extrusion direction, and FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing an example of the coke extrusion device.

  In FIG. 1, reference numeral 10 denotes a coking chamber of a coke oven, in which a coke lump 11 is generated. 1 and 2, reference numeral 20 denotes a coke extrusion device, which includes an extrusion ram 21, an extrusion ram driving device (not shown), and a ram head 22 provided at the tip of the extrusion ram 21. The pressing surface of the ram head 22 pressed against the coke lump 11 is divided into three pressing surfaces, that is, an upper pressing surface 22a, an intermediate pressing surface 22b, and a lower pressing surface 22c in the vertical direction, A vibration exciter 23 is attached to the extrusion ram 21 to vibrate the intermediate pressing surface 22b having the largest pressing area through the vibration rod 24 in the pushing direction.

  The procedure in the case of extruding the coke lump 11 from the carbonization chamber 10 using the coke extrusion apparatus 20 configured as described above is shown in the following (a) to (c).

  (A) First, as shown in FIG. 1, the pushing ram 21 is operated from a state of waiting outside the carbonizing chamber 10, so that the pressing surfaces 22 a, 22 b, and 22 c of the ram head 22 are coke in the carbonizing chamber 10. The ram head 22 is pushed against the lump 11 and advanced in the direction of the white arrow in FIG.

  (B) Next, when the extrusion of the coke lump 11 is started, the intermediate pressing surface 22b is vibrated in the extruding direction (indicated by arrows in both directions in FIG. The ram head 22 is advanced while applying vibration.

  (C) When the entire coke lump 11 is pushed out from the carbonization chamber 10, the vibration of the intermediate pressing surface 22b is stopped, and the pushing ram 21 is moved backward to the initial standby position.

  By extruding the coke lump 11 as described above, the friction applied to the coke lump 11 changes the friction between the coke lump 11 and the furnace wall of the carbonization chamber 10 from static friction to dynamic friction. The coefficient decreases, thereby reducing the extrusion load. As a result, damage to the furnace wall can be suppressed, operation delay due to clogging can be avoided, and productivity can be increased.

  In the above, vibration was applied to the coke mass from the beginning to the end of extrusion, but when the load current value of the extrusion ram driving device was measured and the extrusion load (extrusion load) exceeded a predetermined value, the coke mass was When the vibration is applied to the lump 11 and the pushing load becomes smaller than a predetermined value, the application of the vibration may be stopped. Normally, the pushing load is maximized because the forward movement distance of the ram head 22 from the extrusion start position is 1 m to 1.5 m. If the forward movement distance of the ram head 22 exceeds 1.5 m, the coke lump 11 may be stopped from applying vibration.

  As the vibration direction of the ram head, any of the vertical direction and the extrusion direction of the furnace can be used as long as vibration can be applied to the entire coke mass. However, it is difficult to reliably transmit vibration from the ram head to the entire coke block, for example, vibrations mainly in the vertical direction of the furnace. is required. However, in this case, there is a high possibility that only the peripheral portion of the coke mass pierced with the protrusion of the ram head vibrates, and the coke mass of only that portion collapses, and it becomes difficult to transmit vibration to the entire coke mass. Furthermore, when the vibration direction in the vertical direction is mainly used, since it includes the direction in which the coke mass is lifted, the load on the shaker is large and the drive capability of the shaker needs to be increased.

  From the above, it is preferable that the vibration direction of the ram head is a vibration direction including a vibration component in the pushing direction because the structure of the ram head can be simplified and the driving capability of the vibration exciter can be reduced. More preferably, a vibration direction mainly including a vibration component in the pushing direction is more preferable. Of course, the vibration may be applied obliquely upward or obliquely downward.

  Further, in the above description, the vibration exciter 23 is connected only to the intermediate pressing surface 22b, but the pressing surface is also connected to the upper pressing surface 22a and the lower pressing surface 22c to vibrate and vibrate. One or more may be appropriately selected and vibrated. In addition, the pressing surface of the ram head 22 is divided into three parts, and the pressing area of the intermediate pressing surface 22b is maximized. The ratio should be selected. Of course, the pressing surface of the ram head 22 need not be divided.

  Furthermore, the frequency band of vibration is preferably a single frequency of 2 Hz to 100 Hz in terms of control, but two or more types of frequency components in this band may be included. Regular vibration or irregular vibration may be used. When the frequency band of vibration exceeds 100 Hz, the vibration amplitude decreases, so the effect of vibration on the coke mass decreases. More preferably, it is 60 Hz or less. In addition, when the frequency band of vibration is less than 2 Hz, it is necessary to increase the input energy to the shaker in order to obtain sufficient acceleration, and the effect of vibration given to the coke mass tends to be insufficient. In particular, 30 Hz to 60 Hz is preferable.

  The vibration waveform is not necessarily a sine wave, and may be a triangular wave, a rectangular wave, a waveform such as a continuous impulse wave, or a waveform in which they are mixed. Moreover, it is preferable to vibrate the ram head with a waveform including one or more types of sine waves.

Also, the acceleration level of vibration may be an acceleration level of 0.5 G or more in order to give effective vibration to the coke mass. Further, an acceleration level of 1G or more is more preferable. Moreover, it is preferable to set it as 10 G or less considering the mechanical strength of an extrusion apparatus. The acceleration level “G” is a gravitational acceleration of 1G = 9.8 m / s ² .

  The acceleration level can be measured by an arbitrary method. For example, an acceleration pickup signal attached to the vibration portion of the ram head can be obtained by converting it with a charge amplifier and recording it with a personal computer.

  Further, the vibration exciter is preferably a device that can arbitrarily adjust the frequency and the acceleration level, and a motor, hydraulic pressure, water pressure, or the like can be adopted as the driving method. However, for example, a vibro hammer or an air hammer can be used as a vibration mechanism that can be mounted in a narrow space from a high temperature load.

  The vibration application as described above can be performed at the time of all coke extrusion, but it is effective when the extrusion force is expected to increase.

  In coke oven operation, when extruding a coke lump that has been dry-distilled in the coke oven, the load on the extruder increases during the extrusion, and the clogging may not occur until the end. Clogging is greatly influenced by the condition of bricks in the carbonization chamber, and often occurs when there are defects in the furnace wall and bottom, or immediately after repair. Further, when the latest extrusion current value is high, clogging often occurs even when the adjacent kiln is empty after the empty kiln.

  Clogging is a problem that should be avoided because it causes excessive contact between the furnace wall and coke and brick damage due to temperature drop during clogging. Therefore, in the present invention, (A) a carbonization chamber having a high extrusion current value immediately thereafter, (B) a carbonization chamber immediately after being made into an empty kiln, (C) a carbonization chamber in which an adjacent carbonization chamber is empty, and (D) repair was performed. In the carbonization chamber, (E) the carbonization chamber in which defects are visually observed, the extrusion load is reduced by applying vibration to the coke mass during extrusion to prevent the occurrence of clogging. As for (A) to (D), it is preferable to apply vibration from the start to the end of extrusion. Hereinafter, the above (A) to (E) will be specifically described.

(A) When a coke lump in the carbonization chamber carbonization chamber having a high extrusion current value is extruded using an extrusion device, the occurrence of clogging is predicted for the carbonization chamber having a high extrusion force at the next extrusion. The extrusion force can be measured as an extrusion current value that is a load current value of a drive device of the extrusion device. That is, in the carbonization chamber having a high extrusion current value, occurrence of clogging is predicted at the next extrusion. Therefore, when the extrusion current value is measured and the extrusion current value exceeds a predetermined value, the extrusion with vibration is performed at the next extrusion in the carbonization chamber.

(B) The carbonization chamber empty kiln immediately after the empty kiln is an empty carbonization chamber. If the carbonization chamber is kept empty for 4 hours or longer and repairs are performed, the temperature of the carbonization chamber decreases and there is a risk of causing carbonization failure when the next carbonization is performed. In such a case, vibration is applied when the coke mass is extruded immediately after the temperature is raised from the empty kiln.

(C) When the carbonization chamber adjacent to the target carbonization chamber is empty and the adjacent carbonization chamber is empty for 4 hours or more and the temperature drops, the temperature of the target carbonization chamber It is easy to cause carbonization defects, and clogging is likely to occur. In such a carbonization chamber, vibration is applied when the coke mass is extruded.

(D) When repairing after making a carbonized chamber empty kiln that has been repaired, when repairing without using an empty kiln, in either case, when repairing the furnace wall, Unevenness is likely to cause clogging. In such a carbonization chamber, vibration is applied when the coke mass is extruded immediately after repair.

(E) There is a portion that is prone to breakage, such as cracks, wear, scratches, protrusions, etc. on the furnace wall of the carbonization chamber by visual observation of the carbonization chamber in which defects are observed or by other means, for example, image analysis of the carbonization chamber, When it is found that there is a local abnormality, the portion tends to cause clogging, and clogging is likely to occur. In such a carbonization chamber, vibration is applied when the coke mass is extruded. If a site such as a crack can be identified, it is efficient to apply vibration to the coke mass only when the extruded ram passes near the position.

  In the chamber type coke oven, the coke extrusion apparatus 20 shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 was used for extrusion while applying vibration to the coke mass. The vibration is applied not to all the carbonization chambers, but to the carbonization chamber in which the extrusion current value at the time of the previous extrusion was 63 A or more, the carbonization chamber that was repaired in an empty kiln, and the carbonization chamber that was repaired. The test was carried out only on the carbonization chamber, in which cracks were observed in the furnace wall by visual inspection. When applying vibration, while pushing vibration (frequency 50 Hz, acceleration level 1 G, sine wave) from the end face of the coke block to the coke block 11, it is pushed out at a constant speed by an extrusion ram drive device (hydraulic cylinder), The extrusion force (extrusion load) was measured. The ram head 22 is divided into the extrusion surfaces 22a, 22b, and 22c, and the extrusion surface 22b (1/2 of the entire area of the extrusion surface) can be vibrated, and is vibrated from the back by the vibrator 23. . In addition, the vibration machine 23 used the vibration motor (The eccentric weight was rotated at high speed). The vibration pattern applied vibration at the start of extrusion (vibration ON), and stopped vibration (vibration OFF) at the end of extrusion.

  At that time, the pushing force was obtained by converting the signal of the load cell attached to the ram head 22 with a strain amplifier and recording it with a measuring instrument (personal computer). The acceleration level is converted by the charge amplifier (B & K Charge Amplifier Model Type 2635) from the signal of the acceleration pickup (B & K Piezoelectric Charge Accelerometer Model Number 4383) attached to the vibration part (extrusion surface 22b) of the ram head 22. And recorded with a measuring instrument (computer).

  When coke production was continued in the manner described above, in the carbonization chamber where the extrusion current value at the previous extrusion was high, there was a conventional clogging twice after 30 extrusions. Even when the extrusion was performed 30 times by the application of No. 1, no clogging occurred.

  In the case of carbonization chambers that have been repaired in an empty kiln, two times of clogging have occurred in the past with 30 extrusions. Did not occur.

  For the carbonization chamber adjacent to the carbonization chamber where the empty kiln has been repaired, one clogging has occurred in the past for 30 extrusions. No clogging occurred.

  In the case of a carbonization chamber where cracks were observed on the furnace wall by visual inspection, four cloggings occurred in the past by 30 extrusions, but even if 30 extrusions were performed by applying vibration, one push There was no clogging.

  In FIG. 3, the change over time of the pushing force measured in the carbonization chamber having a high pushing current value is shown by a solid line. For reference, the change over time of the pushing force measured when clogging has occurred before is shown together with a dotted line. According to FIG. 3, when the vibration is not applied, the pushing force is increased to 588 kN and the clogging is generated. However, by applying the vibration, the pushing force is reduced and the clogging is not generated. I understand.

  By applying vibration to the coke lump by the method as described above, it was possible to prevent the occurrence of clogging in the coke oven and produce coke.

It is explanatory drawing which shows one Embodiment of this invention. It is a perspective view which shows an example of a coke extrusion apparatus. It is a graph which shows the time change of extrusion force.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Carbonization chamber of coke oven 11 Coke lump 20 Coke extrusion apparatus 21 Extrusion ram 22 Ram head 22a Upper pressing surface 22b Intermediate pressing surface 22c Lower pressing surface 23 Exciter 24 Exciting rod

Claims (11)

  When the coke lump in the carbonization chamber of the coke oven is extruded from the carbonization chamber using the extrusion device, the load current value of the drive device of the extrusion device at the previous extrusion in the carbonization chamber exceeds a predetermined value. A coke extrusion method characterized in that the coke mass is extruded while applying vibration.   When extruding the coke lump in the coking chamber of the coke oven from the carbonization chamber using an extrusion device, the coke lump is extruded while applying vibration to the coke lump when the carbonization chamber is immediately after being emptied. Coke extrusion method.   When the coke lump in the carbonization chamber of the coke oven is extruded from the carbonization chamber using an extrusion device, the coke lump is extruded while applying vibration to the coke lump when the carbonization chamber adjacent to the carbonization chamber is empty. Coke extrusion method.   When the coke lump in the carbonization chamber of the coke oven is extruded from the carbonization chamber using an extrusion device, if the carbonization chamber is immediately after repairing the furnace wall, the coke lump is extruded while applying vibration to the coke lump. Characteristic coke extrusion method.   When coke lump in the carbonization chamber of the coke oven is extruded from the carbonization chamber using an extrusion device, if the furnace wall of the carbonization chamber has a defect, the coke is extruded while applying vibration to the coke lump. Extrusion method.   6. The extrusion device according to claim 1, further comprising a ram head for pressing the coke mass against the coke mass to extrude the coke mass from the carbonization chamber, and applying vibration to the coke mass by vibrating the ram head. The coke extrusion method according to any one of the above.   The coke extrusion method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein a vibration including at least an extrusion direction component is applied as a vibration direction.   The coke extrusion method according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein vibration including one or more types of frequency components of 2 Hz to 100 Hz is applied.   9. The coke extrusion method according to claim 1, wherein a vibration having a waveform including one or more types of sine waves is applied.   The coke extrusion method according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein vibration having a vibration level of an acceleration level of 0.5G to 10G is applied.   A coke production method, wherein a coke mass is extruded from a carbonization chamber using the coke extrusion method according to claim 1.

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