JP2007323665A - Bearing apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a bearing apparatus easily sorting and managing detection information of a detected target. <P>SOLUTION: A wireless sensor 2 adds identification information unique to respective sensor modules 4, 5 to the detection information such as vibration and temperature detected by the sensor modules 4, 5 of the wireless sensor 2 and transmits a signal R from a communication unit 10 by radio waves. A management apparatus 3 receiving the signal R classifies and stores the detection information on the basis of the identification information included in the signal R. A monitoring system 1 manages a plurality of wireless sensors 2 attached to movable shafts of processing machines or the like by the management apparatus 3. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2008,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a bearing device provided with a wireless sensor that is attached to a vehicle such as an industrial machine, an automobile, or a railway vehicle and that wirelessly transmits a signal indicating an operation state.

  Bearings that support rotating shafts that are the axles of vehicles such as automobiles and railway vehicles, and linear motion devices and bearings such as ball screws and linear guides that are applied to industrial machines such as processing machines and assembly equipment vibrate when they move. (Ie, a change in acceleration) or heat is generated by friction. These vibrations and temperatures affect the life of bearings and linear motion devices, and are related to the accuracy of industrial machinery and the safety of vehicles. Therefore, it is desirable to appropriately measure and monitor the rated state. In addition, the rotational speed of the rotating bearing is often monitored at all times because it is important for grasping the operating state of a device or the like to which the bearing is attached.

  Therefore, a general-purpose vibration sensor equipped with an accelerometer, a general-purpose temperature sensor equipped with a thermocouple, etc., or a rotation sensor for detecting the rotational speed, can be used to move the housing of the target bearing or the linear motion device. It is attached to the body and connected to the measuring device by wire to monitor vibration and temperature.

  In this case, if each sensor and the measuring device are connected and wired in a wired manner, in a multi-axis control processing machine or an apparatus with many moving parts to be monitored such as an assembly line, the wiring becomes complicated. is there. And when disassembling the sensor attachment part periphery by maintenance inspection etc., there exists a troublesome thing that a sensor and a cable must be removed each time. In addition, when wiring to a movable part of a linear motion device such as a linear guide, there is a problem that the wiring is cut during use. When the sensor mounting portion moves as in a vehicle or the like, it is necessary to mount measuring instruments on the vehicle body. Even when measuring instruments are mounted on the vehicle body, the wheels of the vehicle are supported by a suspension or the like so as to move relative to the vehicle body in consideration of the ride comfort. Therefore, there is a concern that the cable connected to the sensor attached to the wheel bearing is repeatedly bent as the vehicle travels and eventually breaks.

  Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a rolling bearing device including a wireless sensor that does not require wiring for transmitting a sensor signal.

  Therefore, in order to solve the above problem, a wireless sensor according to the present invention is processed by a detection unit that detects a detection target, an information processing unit that processes information detected by the detection unit, and the processing unit. And a communication device that transmits detection information wirelessly.

  Alternatively, the wireless sensor according to the present invention includes a detection unit that detects a detection target, an information processing unit that processes information detected by the detection unit, and detection information processed by the processing unit. And a communication device that wirelessly transmits the identification information.

  In this case, when the communication device that performs transmission / reception receives a command signal corresponding to the identification information of the detection unit so that the user can arbitrarily obtain the detection information of the wireless sensor, the detection specified in the command signal is performed. Part detection information is transmitted together with identification information. In addition, the communication device converts the signal detected by the detection unit or information related thereto into digital information and transmits the digital signal so that the user can easily identify the signal.

  The bearing device according to the present invention includes inner and outer races and a plurality of rolling elements arranged between the races, and either the outer race or the inner race is a stationary ring, and the other is In a rolling bearing that is a rotating wheel, either of the wireless sensors described above is fixed integrally to the stationary wheel or a member attached to the stationary wheel, or moved integrally with the rotating wheel or a member attached to the rotating wheel. Provide as follows.

  Alternatively, the bearing device according to the present invention includes a set of race rings, a pulsar ring provided on a first race ring of the set of race rings, and a second race ring that rotates relative to the pulsar ring. And any one of the wireless sensors attached to face the pulsar ring.

  In this case, the bearing device transmits information related to the periodic signal detected by the rotation speed sensor by the FM modulation method as the pulsar ring and the wireless sensor relatively rotate. Then, at least one of the rotational speed and rotational speed of the bearing device determined by the information processing unit based on the wavelength or frequency of the periodic signal generated in the rotational speed sensor by the relative rotation of the pulsar ring and the wireless sensor is transmitted. To do. Further, at least unique identification information is transmitted for each period of the periodic signal generated in the rotational speed sensor by the relative rotation of the pulsar ring and the wireless sensor.

  The management device according to the present invention includes a communication device that receives a signal transmitted from a wireless sensor or bearing device that includes a detection unit that detects a detection target, and at least one of the detection unit or the wireless sensor included in the signal. And a signal processing unit that manages the received signal based on the unique identification information. In this case, in order to prevent interference with a signal of a wireless sensor or a bearing device other than the management device, the communication device is registered in advance in the management device based on identification information unique to the detection unit included in the signal. A signal including the identified identification information is selected and received. Further, the communicator transmits a command signal requesting a signal including the detection information to the wireless sensor or the bearing device so that the latest detection information of the wireless sensor or the bearing device can be obtained as necessary.

  The monitoring device according to the present invention uses the above-described wireless sensor or bearing device in combination with a management device. When the monitoring device uses a plurality of wireless sensors or bearing devices at the same time, the management device communicates with a carrier wave having a unique frequency that is different for each wireless sensor and each bearing device.

  According to the wireless sensor or the bearing device according to the present invention, a detection unit that detects a detection target, an information processing unit that processes information detected by the detection unit, and detection information processed by the processing unit are wirelessly transmitted. And a communication device for transmission, and the detected information can be transmitted wirelessly using radio waves, ultrasonic waves, light, or the like, eliminating the need for wiring for transmitting signals. Further, in the case where the detection unit is provided in the movable part, it is not necessary to perform wiring for sending a signal, so that a problem such as disconnection of the wiring does not occur. In addition, when used for a moving body such as a vehicle, the detection information can be managed not only on the moving body but also in a place different from the moving body.

  In addition, a detection unit that detects a detection target, an information processing unit that processes information detected by the detection unit, and detection information processed by the processing unit are wirelessly transmitted together with identification information unique to the detection unit. With the communication device, signals transmitted from a plurality of wireless sensors can be easily identified. Further, when a command signal corresponding to the identification signal is received, the detection target of the detection unit specified in the command signal is detected, and the identification signal of the detection unit is transmitted together with the detection information. The latest information on any wireless sensor or bearing device can be easily obtained. By converting the detected information or information related thereto into digital information and transmitting it, a signal deteriorated by ambient noise can be easily reproduced on the receiving side, so that loss of information can be prevented.

  The present invention is such that a pulsar ring is provided on a first race ring of a pair of race rings that rotate relatively through rolling elements, and the wireless sensor of the present invention is attached to a second race ring that rotates relative to the pulsar ring. According to the bearing device of the present invention, the detected signal is transmitted wirelessly, and the current generated in the coil of the rotation speed sensor provided opposite to the pulsar ring is used to supply power to the circuit in the wireless sensor. be able to. Therefore, there is no need to wire a signal line for transmitting the detected signal and an electric wire for supplying power to a circuit in the wireless sensor.

  When using a plurality of bearing devices at the same time, the bearing device according to the present invention, which transmits information related to the detected signal by the FM modulation method, can be transmitted using a unique carrier wave for each bearing device. Interference can be prevented.

  According to the bearing device according to the present invention that transmits at least one of the rotation speed or the rotation speed obtained by the signal processing unit based on the periodic signal generated in the rotation speed sensor, the digitized information is transmitted. The detection information can be prevented from changing while the signal is propagated.

  According to the bearing device according to the present invention that transmits at least specific identification information for each period of the periodic signal generated in the rotational speed sensor, less information is obtained without interfering with the signal detected for each bearing device. Can be sent to the monitoring device in quantity.

  In addition, according to the management device according to the present invention, the signals output from the wireless sensor and the bearing device are classified based on the identification information unique to the detection unit included in the signal, and therefore can be easily managed. . Then, according to the invention of the management device that selects and receives the identification information registered in advance in the management device based on the identification information unique to the detection unit included in the signal, the interference is more reliably prevented. be able to.

  Also, according to the wireless sensor or bearing device according to the present invention and the monitoring device using the management device of the present invention, identification information unique to the detection unit together with detection information detected by the detection unit by the wireless sensor or bearing device Since the detection information is classified and managed by the management device based on the identification information, a plurality of wireless sensors or bearing devices can be monitored simultaneously.

  According to the monitoring device of the present invention in which a plurality of wireless sensors and bearing devices according to the present invention are used simultaneously, and the management device communicates with a unique carrier wave that differs for each wireless sensor and each bearing device, the signals of the wireless sensor and the monitoring device Interference can be prevented.

  A first embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. A monitoring device 1 shown in FIG. 1 includes a wireless sensor 2 that detects vibration and temperature to be detected and transmits detection information, and a management device 3 that receives signals R output from the plurality of wireless sensors 2. .

  The wireless sensor 2 includes a vibration sensor module 4, a temperature sensor module 5, a multiplexer 6, an A / D converter 7, a RAM (Random Access Memory) 8, a signal processing unit 9, and a communication device 10. Yes. The vibration sensor module 4 includes a vibration sensor as a detection unit that detects vibration to be inspected, and converts a detected change in vibration such as acceleration into an electrical signal and outputs the signal. The temperature sensor module 5 includes a temperature sensor as a detection unit that detects a temperature that is a detection target, and outputs the detected temperature as an electric signal.

  The multiplexer 6 mixes the signals output from the vibration sensor module 4 and the temperature sensor module 5 so as to be separated later as independent detection information. The multiplexing by the multiplexer 6 may be a multiplex communication method or a time division method. Further, when there is one sensor module 4, 5, this multiplexer 6 is unnecessary. A plurality of A / D converters 7 may be provided without using the multiplexer 6.

  The A / D converter 7 converts analog signals from the vibration sensor module 4 and the temperature sensor module 5 into digital signals. The RAM 8 is provided for temporarily storing the detection information converted by the A / D converter 7 before processing. The RAM 8 is an example of a storage device and may be any storage device that can temporarily store detection information.

  The signal processing unit 9 sequentially calls the detection information of the sensor modules 4 and 5 temporarily stored in the RAM 8 and performs processing such as comparison with a preset threshold value for each of vibration and temperature. The information is output to the communication device 10 together with unique identification information every fourth and fifth. Note that vibration and temperature values themselves may be output to the communication device 10 together with identification information. Moreover, the processing part which put together the A / D converter 7, RAM8, and the signal processing part 9 may be sufficient.

  When the sensor modules 4 and 5 are provided with a plurality of detection units, the identification information may be for each detection unit that has detected the detection information. Further, if the identification information for each wireless sensor 2 is added in addition to the identification information for each of the sensor modules 4 and 5, it may be possible to perform various classification management on the management device 3 side. Since the identification information is given for each detection unit, the sensor modules 4 and 5 may output the detection information attached to the detection information.

  The communication device 10 can transmit and receive, converts the signal output from the signal processing unit 9 into a radio wave signal R, and transmits the signal. In an environment where it is difficult to use radio waves, the communication device 10 that converts signals into ultrasonic waves or light, for example, infrared rays, may be used.

  The wireless sensor 2 configured as described above multiplex-detects the detection information detected by each sensor module 4, 5 by the multiplexer 6, converts it to a digital signal by the A / D converter 7, and temporarily stores it in the RAM 8. . The stored detection information is sequentially read out by the signal processing unit 9 and subjected to processing such as calculation, and becomes a signal R to which unique identification information is attached for each of the sensor modules 4 and 5. 10 is transmitted. Note that the amount of information can be reduced if the interval for detecting vibration, temperature, or the like is a predetermined time interval or an interval that is triggered by a predetermined threshold.

  Thus, since this wireless sensor 2 transmits detection information by radio waves, a communication line is unnecessary. Therefore, when attaching to a movable shaft such as a processing machine or a bearing portion of a vehicle, there is no need for troublesome wiring work. By using the wireless sensor 2 in this way, the wiring is not complicated as a result, and the number of wiring steps can be eliminated. Further, since identification information for each sensor module 4, 5 is attached to the signal R transmitted from the wireless sensor 2, even if the signal R is transmitted from the plurality of wireless sensors 2 at the same frequency, from each wireless sensor 2. Can be identified. Therefore, the management device 3 that receives this signal R does not have to change the frequency for each wireless sensor 2 or sensor module 4, 5, and even if the wireless sensor 2 to be received is added, reception is performed with the same settings. can do. And the detection information detected by each wireless sensor 2 or each sensor module 4, 5 can be easily classified based on the identification information.

  Further, when the wireless sensor 2 receives the command signal Q corresponding to the individual identification information, the wireless sensor 2 detects the latest state of the sensor module designated by the command signal Q, and transmits it from the communication device 10 together with the identification information. Therefore, when the user wants to confirm the detection information again, the latest detection information of any wireless sensor can be easily obtained each time.

  In FIG. 1, only one of the vibration sensor module 4 and the temperature sensor module 5 provided in the wireless sensor 2 may be used, or the rotational speed is detected instead of these or either of them. A rotation speed sensor module may be provided, or each of the vibration sensor module 4, the temperature sensor module 5, and the rotation speed sensor module may be provided.

  Next, the management apparatus 3 will be described. The management apparatus 3 illustrated in FIG. 1 includes a communication device 11, a signal processing unit 12, a RAM 13, and an interface 14. The communication device 11 receives a signal R transmitted wirelessly, for example, by radio waves from a plurality of wireless sensors 2 scattered around the periphery, and sends the signal R to the signal processing unit 12. The frequency of the radio wave used by the communication device 11 may be a single frequency, but it is preferable that at least two frequency bands can be used for transmission and reception.

  The signal processing unit 12 classifies detection information included in the signal R based on identification information unique to each wireless sensor 2 or each sensor module 4 or 5 included in the transmitted signal R. . The RAM 13 has a sufficiently large storage capacity as compared with the RAM 8 of the wireless sensor 2 and individually manages and stores the classified detection information (or signal R). The RAM 13 is an example of a storage device and may be any storage device that can individually manage and store received detection information (or signal R). The interface 14 is provided from the signal processing unit 12 in parallel with the RAM 13 and outputs the detection information classified by the signal processing unit 12 to the outside.

  In addition, the management device 3 transmits a command signal Q for requesting the latest detection information of any wireless sensor 2 or sensor module 4, 5 from the communication device 11. Information corresponding to identification information of the wireless sensor 2 or the sensor modules 4 and 5 designated by the user, for example, identification information unique to the desired wireless sensor 2 or sensor modules 4 and 5 is attached to the command signal Q. ing.

  The management device 3 configured as described above receives the signal R transmitted from the plurality of wireless sensors 2 and classifies the detection information based on the identification information of the sensor modules 4 and 5 included in the signal R. While being recorded and stored in the RAM 13, the detection information stored in the RAM 13 is output to the outside from the interface 14 as necessary. Therefore, based on the accumulated detection information of each wireless sensor 2 and sensor module 4, 5, the operation status of each mechanical device is analyzed by the signal processing unit 12 of the management device 3 or taken out by the interface 14. Since it can process information, more advanced and accurate analysis is possible.

  Next, the monitoring device 1 including the wireless sensor 2 and the management device 3 detects by the wireless sensor 2 when a predetermined time interval or a threshold value previously set in the signal processing unit 9 of the wireless sensor 2 is exceeded. The vibration and temperature of the object are detected, and the identification information for each wireless sensor 2 or each sensor module 4 and 5 is attached and transmitted. Then, the signal R is received by the management device 3, and the detection information is classified and stored for each identification information.

  The monitoring device 1 also receives a command signal Q corresponding to an arbitrary wireless sensor 2 or sensor module 4, 5, for example, a command signal Q including identification information unique to the arbitrary wireless sensor 2 or sensor module 4, 5. By transmitting from the management device 3, the latest of each sensor module 4, 5 of the wireless sensor 2 specified in the identification information included in the command signal Q or the sensor module (4 or 5) specified in the identification information Can be transmitted as a signal R from the wireless sensor 2 (returned). Therefore, the latest detection information of any wireless sensor 2 or sensor modules 4 and 5 desired by the user can be appropriately obtained in the management device 3.

  Therefore, as shown in FIG. 2, the wireless sensor 2 of the monitoring device 1 is attached to each of the movable shafts 22 and 23 of the machine tool 21, and the management device 3 is provided on the main body 24 of the machine tool. Then, the wireless sensor 2 detects the vibration, temperature, or speed of the rotating shaft or moving axis at predetermined time intervals, the detection information for each wireless sensor 2 is received by the management device 3, and each detection information is received for each identification information. Classify and store.

  When the monitoring device 1 is applied to the machine tool 21 in this way, the wireless sensor 2 communicates by radio (radio wave), so that it can be easily attached to the movable shafts 22 and 23 and there is no communication wiring. Desorption can be easily performed even when the periphery is disassembled. Further, when the wireless sensor 2 is added, the attachment is easy, and the detection information is transmitted together with the identification information by the signal R. Therefore, the management device 3 performs the identification information for each identification information like the other wireless sensors 2. The detection information can be classified and managed. Further, the user transmits the command signal with the identification information of the sensor modules 4 and 5 of the wireless sensor 2 for which the latest detection information is desired from the management device 3, so that the latest sensor modules 4 and 5 can be updated. Detection information can be obtained. In addition, if this command signal is transmitted from the management device 3 by an input to the control panel 25 of the machine tool 21, it may be easy for the user to use.

  Further, providing the detection information stored in the management device 3 to the control panel 25 of the machine tool 21 through the interface 14 (FIG. 1) is effective for self-diagnosis of the machine tool 21 and prevention of problems.

  When a plurality of monitoring devices 1 are used adjacent to each other, identification information of the wireless sensor 2 desired to be received is set in the management device 3 in advance, and detection information of the wireless sensor 2 desired to be received is selected and received. By doing so, it is not necessary to interfere with the signal of the wireless sensor 2 of another machine tool.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 3, when the detection information of each of the wireless sensors 2 provided in a plurality of processing machines 26, for example, NC lathes and machining centers, is received by the management device 3 provided in a remote place, The signals R output from the wireless sensor 2 attached to the processing machine 26 are once collected for each processing machine 26 and transmitted to the management device 3. In this case, the detection information may be processed and accumulated for each processing machine 26, and the detection information may be output in response to a command signal from the management device 3. Or you may transmit toward the management apparatus 3 with the identification information of a sensor module. In addition, when the output of the wireless sensor 2 is small, it is preferable to pass through the relay device 27.

  By doing in this way, in order to confirm and monitor the operation status of each processing machine 26, the user does not have to go to the side of the processing machine 26. Moreover, since the wireless sensor attached to the processing machine 26 and the management apparatus 3 communicate wirelessly, there is no need to newly lay a communication line, and the monitoring apparatus 1 can be easily introduced into existing facilities.

  Further, if a mobile communication line such as a mobile phone, a PHS (Personal Handyphone System), and a satellite phone is used for communication between the wireless sensor or processing machine 26 and the management device 3, automobiles and railway vehicles that move over a wide range. The operation status of the bearings and gearboxes can be centrally managed and monitored in real time. In this case, communication from the wireless sensor 2 to the management device 3 may be performed using a mobile communication line, or the signal R of the wireless sensor is transmitted to a nearby relay device 27 by radio waves, and the management device from the relay device 27 is transmitted. Up to 3 may be communicated using a mobile communication line, serial parallel communication (wired), general telephone line (wired), LAN (Local Area Network), wired or wireless, or the Internet. Further, the management apparatus 3 side may receive the data via a general telephone line (wired).

  When the device where the wireless sensor 2 is installed is used by moving to multiple buildings depending on the work situation or schedule, etc., or in order to increase the operation rate of the line, a plurality of the devices are prepared and replaced conservatively. In the case of use, the management numbers of the wireless sensors are shared between the management devices 3 installed in each building or room by using mobile communication, general telephone line, LAN, or the Internet. , Monitoring without leakage is possible.

  If a mobile communication line or a general telephone line is used for communication of the monitoring device 1, based on the detection information received by the management device 3, the processing machine 26 to which the wireless sensor that has transmitted this detection information is attached, It is also possible to set the management device 3 to automatically notify the mobile communication device carried by the person in charge of maintenance from the management device 3 when it is determined that maintenance inspection is required for automobiles and railway vehicles. In addition, a maintenance person can search for detection information of the wireless sensor using the mobile communication device.

  Next, a second embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. A rolling bearing device 31 shown in FIG. 4A includes a bearing portion 32 and a sensor portion 33 that is a wireless sensor. The bearing portion 32 includes inner and outer race rings 34, 35, a rolling element 36 disposed between the race rings 34, 35, a cage 37 of the rolling element 36, and a seal or shield plate 351. As shown in FIG. 4B, the sensor unit 33 wirelessly transmits a detection unit 38 that detects a detection target, a processing unit 39 that processes the detected information, and a signal output from the processing unit 39. The communication device 40 includes a detection unit 38, a processing unit 39, and a battery 41 that supplies power to the communication device 40.

  The sensor unit 33 is attached to a flange 43 formed toward the center of an outer ring spacer 42 that is integrally fixed or closely attached to the outer ring 35 of the bearing unit 32. The detection unit 38 includes a vibration sensor 44 that detects vibration (that is, a change in acceleration) and a temperature sensor 45 that detects temperature. The vibration sensor 44 and the temperature sensor 45 are respectively attached to recesses 46a and 46b provided in a part facing the bearing portion 32 of the outer ring spacer 42 in order to detect more accurate vibration and temperature of the bearing portion 32. It has been. The recesses 46a and 46b to which the acceleration sensor 44 and the temperature sensor 45 are attached may be provided independently or one. In the case where the vibration and temperature of the inner ring 34 of the bearing portion 32 are positively detected, the sensor unit 33 may be attached to an inner ring spacer 47 that is fixed or closely attached to the inner ring 34. Alternatively, the sensor unit 33 may be a bearing device in which the inner ring 34, the outer ring 35, the seal or the shield plate 351 is directly incorporated. Or it is good also as a bearing apparatus which incorporated this sensor part 33 in the member attached to the inner ring | wheel 34 or the outer ring | wheel 35. FIG.

  As shown in FIG. 5, the processing unit 39 includes an amplifier 48, a comparator 49, a signal processing unit 50, and an ASK (Amplitude Shift Keying) modulator 51. The amplifier 48 converts the vibration signal detected by the vibration sensor 44 into an absolute value. The comparator 49 compares the signal of the vibration sensor 44 converted into an absolute value by the amplifier 48 and the signal output from the temperature sensor 45 with a preset threshold value, and outputs the result. The signal processing unit 50 attaches identification information unique to the acceleration sensor 44 or the temperature sensor 45 that outputs the detection information to the detection information output from the comparator 49 and determines that the detection information exceeds a threshold value. An alarm signal is attached to the detected information and output. The ASK modulator 51 modulates and digitizes (binarizes) the signal output from the signal processing unit 50. Note that the modulation method for communication may be other methods such as an FSK (Frequency Shift Keying) method. The communication device 40 converts the signal digitized by the ASK modulator 51 into a radio wave and transmits it as a signal R. In addition, if the power supply to the detection unit 38, the ASK modulator 51, the communication device 40, and the like is appropriately controlled by the signal processing unit 50 to suppress power consumption at times other than detection and signal output, the life of the battery 41 is reached. Can be extended.

  In addition, when the sensor unit 33 is incorporated in a portion where the battery 41 cannot be replaced, or when constantly monitoring vibration and temperature, the inner ring spacer 47 is provided with a not-shown multipolar magnet or spur gear-like irregularities, A generator may be configured by providing a coil (not shown) or a coil using a magnet together on the flange 43 or the outer ring spacer 42, and power may be supplied to the detection unit 38, the processing unit 39, and the communication device 40 through a power supply circuit. Note that it is more preferable to use a secondary battery in the power supply circuit because the wireless sensor can operate even when the generator is not operating.

  The signal R transmitted from the bearing device 31 is received by the management device 3 provided in a main body or a remote place such as a processing machine or a vehicle to which the bearing device 31 is attached. Note that the management device 3 is the same as the management device 3 described in the first embodiment, and thus the description thereof is omitted.

  Since the bearing device 31 configured as described above outputs detection information wirelessly, it does not require a communication line, and can be easily attached as a movable shaft of a processing device or a bearing of a vehicle. Further, since the signal R transmitted from the bearing device 31 is given unique identification information for each bearing device 31, each detection unit 38 of the bearing device 31, or each acceleration sensor 44 or temperature sensor 45, Even if R is transmitted at the same frequency, the management device 3 that receives this signal R can easily transmit individual signals R for each bearing device 31, each detection unit 38, or each acceleration sensor 44 or temperature sensor 45. Can be identified. Note that only one of the vibration sensor 44 and the temperature sensor 45 may be provided, or a rotation speed sensor may be provided instead of either one of them. Moreover, each of the vibration sensor 44, the temperature sensor 45, and the rotational speed sensor may be provided.

  Furthermore, even when the bearing device 31 to be received is added, a communication line is not required, so that it can be easily added. And since the identification signal is attached | subjected to the signal R transmitted for every detection information, even if the signal R is transmitted by the same frequency, it can classify | categorize easily.

  Further, when the bearing device 31 receives a command signal Q corresponding to identification information unique to each of the acceleration sensor 44, the temperature sensor 45, each detection unit 38, or the bearing device 31, the acceleration specified in the command signal Q is received. The latest information of the sensor 44, the temperature sensor 45, the detection unit 38, or all the detection units 38 of the bearing device 31 is detected and transmitted together with the identification information from the communication device 40. Therefore, whenever the user wants to obtain detection information, the latest information of any bearing device 31 can be easily obtained. And if this bearing device 31 is a monitoring device that is used together with the management device 3 described in the first embodiment, the same effect as the monitoring device 1 of the first embodiment is obtained.

  Further, the block diagram shown in FIG. 5 of the bearing device 31 of the second embodiment may be replaced with the block diagram shown in FIG. 1 of the wireless sensor 2 of the first embodiment. The block diagram shown in FIG. 1 of the wireless sensor 1 may be replaced with the block diagram shown in FIG. 5 of the bearing device 31 of the second embodiment. Further, the block diagram is not limited to the present embodiment, and other block diagrams may be used as long as the same effect is obtained.

  Furthermore, the same effect can be acquired by attaching and using the bearing apparatus 31 of 2nd Embodiment to the rotating shaft of the machine tool 21 of FIG. 2, or the processing machine 26 of FIG.

  Further, it can be applied not only to a rotary rolling bearing but also to a linear guide and a ball screw. In the case of a linear guide or a ball screw, the movable part corresponds to a rotating wheel of a rolling bearing.

  A third embodiment relating to the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 6 to 10, taking as an example a monitoring device 63 used in an ABS (Anti-lock Braking System) for monitoring the rotational speed of the wheel 62 of the automobile 61. explain. In addition, about the same structure as the wireless sensor, bearing apparatus, management apparatus, and monitoring apparatus which were demonstrated in 1st Embodiment and 2nd Embodiment, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected and the description is abbreviate | omitted.

  The monitoring device 63 shown in FIG. 6 includes a hub bearing device 64 attached to each wheel 62 of the automobile 61 and a management device 66 attached to the vehicle body 65. The hub bearing device 64 includes a wheel bearing 67, a pulsar ring 68, and a wireless sensor 69 as shown in FIG. The wheel bearing 67 is provided with a pair of raceways formed by an outer ring 70, a first inner ring 71, and a second inner ring 72, and two rows of rolling elements 73 that are in rolling contact with these. The outer ring 70 includes a flange 74 fixed to the knuckle portion K with a bolt. The first inner ring 71 includes a flange 75 that is fixed to the wheel 62 with a bolt across a brake disk. The first inner ring 71 has a spline 71 a formed on the inner surface thereof, is fitted with a spline 76 a formed on the outer surface of the axle 76, and is fixed to the axle 76 with a nut 77. The second inner ring 72 is fitted to the first inner ring 71. As the first inner ring 71 and the second inner ring 72 approach the direction along the axis of rotation, the preload of the wheel bearing 67 increases.

  The pulsar ring 68 has convex portions 78 formed at equal intervals along the circumferential direction, and is attached to the second inner ring 72. The pulsar ring 68 only needs to be attached at a position that rotates relative to the wireless sensor 69, and may be attached to the rotation side that rotates together with the axle 76 in addition to the second inner ring 72. When the wireless sensor 69 is attached to the rotation side, the pulsar ring 68 is attached to the fixed side.

  The wireless sensor 69 is fixed to the outer ring 70 as shown in FIG. 7, and as shown in FIG. 8, a speed sensor module 79 that detects the rotational speed, a signal processing unit 80, a communication device 81, and a power supply circuit 82. With. The wireless sensor 69 may be attached to the knuckle portion K as long as it is attached to the pulsar ring 68 at a position that rotates relative to the pulsar ring 68.

  As shown in FIG. 7, the speed sensor module 79 includes a coil 83, a pole 84, a magnet 85, and a rotation detection circuit 86. The coil 83 has a pole 84 passed through the center. The pole 84 is made of a member having a high magnetic permeability, for example, an iron core. The pole 84 has one end 84 a approaching a convex portion 78 formed on the pulsar ring 68. The magnet 85 is attached to the other end 84 b of the pole 84. The rotation detection circuit 86 detects a change in the current of the coil 83. When the outer ring 70 and the second inner ring 72 are relatively rotated, the convex part 78 of the pulsar ring 68 changes the magnetic flux density passing through the pole 84. The coil 83 generates an induced current by a change in the magnetic flux density of the pole 84. The pulsar ring 68 may be a ring with holes formed at a constant interval because the magnetic flux density passing through the coil 83 may be changed. Alternatively, the N pole and the S pole are alternately attached at a constant interval. A magnetic material such as a magnetized multipolar magnet may be used. When a multipolar magnet is used for pulsar ring, the magnet 85 attached to the other end 84b of the pole 84 may be omitted. Further, the shape of the pole 84 is not limited to a rod shape, but may be any other shape as long as it induces an induced current in the coil.

  The signal processing unit 80 converts the continuous sine waveform signal detected by the rotation detection circuit 86 into a binarized velocity signal 88 shown in FIG. 9A. 9A schematically shows a speed signal output from the signal processing unit of FIG. 8, and FIG. 9B shows a carrier wave based on the speed signal of FIG. The modulated transmission signal is schematically shown. (C) schematically shows the identification information transmitted from the communication apparatus in accordance with the period of the velocity signal of (A) and the digital signal of the velocity information related to this identification information. (D) schematically shows a digital signal of identification information transmitted in accordance with the period of the speed signal of (A). Further, the signal processing unit 80 includes a counter 87. By counting the number of peaks or troughs of the pulse of the rectangular wave, the rotation number and the rotation speed of the hub bearing device 64 are obtained, and a signal obtained by quantifying the rotation number and the rotation speed is obtained. You may make it output as a speed signal. By making the rotation speed and the rotation speed into a numerical value signal, it is possible to prevent the speed signal 88 from changing due to noise or the like during transmission.

  The communication device 81 uses the speed signal 88 generated by the signal processing unit 80 to FM-modulate a carrier wave having a wavelength sufficiently shorter than the frequency of the speed signal 88 into a transmission signal 89 shown in FIG. Send as. In this case, each hub bearing device 64 uses a carrier wave having a different frequency so that the transmission device 89 can be identified by the management device 66.

  The power supply circuit 82 generates power using the current generated in the coil 83 and supplies power to the speed sensor module 79, the signal processing unit 80, and the communication device 81. The power supply circuit 82 includes a secondary battery 90. The secondary battery 90 stores surplus power when the rotation speed of the hub bearing device 64 is stable, and stores power when the rotation speed of the hub bearing device 64 decreases and the supplied power cannot be sufficiently generated. Discharge the generated power. Therefore, the wireless sensor 69 is suitable for long-term use because it does not require power supply through a cable and does not include a power source that requires replacement of a primary battery or the like. The power supply circuit 82 includes a rectifier circuit that converts an alternating current generated in the coil 83 into a direct current, a charging circuit that monitors the remaining power amount of the secondary battery 90 and controls charging and discharging, and the like.

  The wireless sensor 69 may include an amplifier circuit that amplifies the detected signal and a waveform shaping circuit that shapes the waveform of the signal in order to transmit the signal more reliably. Further, when the frequency of the signal detected by the rotation detection circuit 86 is sufficiently larger than the frequency of the carrier wave, that is, when the rotation speed of the axle 76 is fast and the detected signal is a high frequency, the frequency is close to the carrier wave. Therefore, the carrier wave may not be modulated well. In such a case, the signal processing unit 80 binarizes the signal detected by the rotation detection circuit 86, and then counts the number of peaks or valleys of the rectangular wave with the counter 87 to obtain the rotation speed and rotation speed of the axle 76. A proportional square wave signal is output as a velocity signal. Then, using this, the carrier wave is modulated into a transmission signal 89 and transmitted as a signal R.

  As shown in FIG. 8, the management device 66 includes a communication device 11, a signal processing unit 12, a RAM 13, and an interface 14. The communication device 11 receives the signal R transmitted from each hub bearing device 64 and transmits a command signal Q to each hub bearing device 64. In addition, the communication device 11 includes a duplexer 91. The duplexer 91 demultiplexes the transmitted transmission signal 89 based on a carrier wave that is different for each hub bearing device 64. The signal processing unit 12 is provided for each hub bearing device 64 and separates the speed signal 88 included in the transmission signal 89 transmitted from the hub bearing device 64. Instead of providing a duplexer, a plurality of communication devices 11, specifically, a number corresponding to the hub bearing device 64 may be provided.

  Note that the modulation method of the signal used between the wireless sensor 69 and the management device 66 may be FSK modulation, AM modulation, ASK modulation, or the like in addition to FM modulation.

  In the monitoring device 63 configured as described above, when the automobile 61 travels, the first and second inner rings 71 and 72, the axle 76, and the pulsar ring 68 of the hub bearing device 64 rotate together with the wheel 62. The pulsar ring 68 varies relative to the wireless sensor 69 to vary the magnetic flux density passing through the coil 83 provided in the speed sensor module 79. When the magnetic flux density fluctuates, the coil 83 generates a current that fluctuates sinusoidally. The power supply circuit 82 supplies power to the signal processing unit 80 and the communication device 81 using the generated current. Further, the signal processing unit 80 detects this current variation and binarizes it, then counts the number of pulses by the counter 87 and outputs a speed signal 88. Based on the speed signal 88, the communication device 81 transmits a transmission signal 89 obtained by FM-modulating the carrier wave to the management device 66. In this case, since the frequency of the carrier wave is different for each hub bearing device 64, the transmitted signal can be received by the management device 66 without interference.

  The management device 66 classifies the received transmission signal 89 into signals for each hub bearing device 64 and stores them in the RAM 13. Further, information on the speed signal stored in the RAM 13 is output to the control device that controls the running of the automobile 61 as necessary through the interface 14.

  When the monitoring device 63 is applied to a vehicle having a wheel to be managed, such as a truck or a train with many wheels, the communication device 11 of the management device 66 is arranged on the vehicle body 65 close to the wireless sensor 69 as shown in part A of FIG. Then, it communicates with the wireless sensor 69. In this case, the wiring W from the communication device 11 to the management device 66 is attached along the vehicle body 65 and is not bent when the automobile 61 travels. In this manner, the corresponding communication device 11 is arranged near the wireless sensor 69 of the hub bearing device 64, and the transmission of the wireless sensor 69 of the hub bearing device 64 attached to the other wheel 62 in the same automobile 61 is performed. When communication is performed using an output transmission signal 89 that does not interfere with the signal 89, the frequency of the carrier wave set in the communication device 81 of each hub bearing device 64 may be the same frequency.

  The wireless sensor 69 converts information detected by the speed sensor module 79, which is a detection unit of the hub bearing device 64, or information related thereto into digital information. As shown in FIG. The signal R may be transmitted. In this case, as information detected by the speed sensor module or related information, the speed signal 88 generated based on the signal detected by the speed sensor module 79 and the number of pulses of the speed signal 88 are counted by the counter 87. The speed information 93 replaced with numerical values such as the rotational speed and rotational speed of the hub bearing device 64, the identification information 94 corresponding to each speed sensor module, the time when the speed information 93 is detected, and the like are included. FIG. 9C shows a case where the speed information 93 and the identification information 94 are transmitted as the digital signal 92.

  If it does in this way, it will become easy for the management apparatus 66 to identify the speed information 93 transmitted from the hub bearing apparatus 64. Further, by transmitting the speed information 89 with the digital signal 92, even if the digital signal 92 deteriorates due to ambient noise or the like, it can be reproduced on the receiving side, and the loss of the speed information 89 can be prevented. By attaching the identification information 94 to the speed information 89, it becomes possible to transmit the speed information 93 of each hub bearing device 64 using the same frequency carrier wave, so that the duplexer 91 of the management device 66 can be eliminated. it can. In this case, the management device 66 includes a circuit for processing the speed information 93 according to the identification information 94 in the signal processing unit 12. The speed information 93 may be information on the number of pulses of the speed signal 88 counted by the counter 87 of the signal processing unit 80 of the wireless sensor 69, or information obtained by converting the number of pulses into a rotational speed or a rotational speed. There may be. If the identification information 94 is transmitted and then the speed information 93 is transmitted subsequently, the identification information 94 and the speed information 93 are easily associated with each other. A digital signal 92 including identification information 94 and speed information 93 is output in accordance with the pulse of the speed signal 88.

  Further, the wireless sensor 69 may transmit only the identification signal 94 as the signal R in accordance with the speed signal 88 as shown in FIG. In this case, a counter is provided in the signal processing unit 12 of the management device 66, and the speed signal 88 detected by each hub bearing device 64 is obtained by measuring the period of the identification information 94 transmitted for each hub bearing device 64. Reproduce. In this way, the speed signal 88 for each hub bearing device can be transmitted with less information and without interference. Further, the frequency of transmission of the identification information 94 may be every time the hub bearing device 64 makes one rotation, or one cycle of current generated in the coil 83 of the speed sensor module 79 by the pulsar ring 68 or every arbitrary cycle. Good.

  The monitoring device 63 can identify the number of hub bearing devices 64 corresponding to the number of bits of the identification information 94 by the management device 66 by applying the identification information 94 corresponding to each hub bearing device 64. . Therefore, it can be easily applied to vehicles with many wheels such as trucks and trains. Further, by increasing the number of bits and increasing the number of identifiable information, it is possible to prevent interference with the speed information 93 transmitted from the hub bearing device 64 of another vehicle. In consideration of preventing interference with signals and information transmitted from hub bearing devices of other vehicles, the specific number of bits of the identification information 94 is 16 bits, 32 bits, 64 bits, or more. It is preferable.

  The speed sensor module 79 may be provided with a coil 83 and a rod-shaped pole 84 disposed at the center thereof, or an annular shape meandering for each convex portion 78 of the pulsar ring 68 along the circumferential direction. A coil may be used. The pulsar ring 68 and the speed sensor module 79 may be disposed between the rolling elements 73. The form of the speed sensor module may be a passive type applied to the hub bearing device of the third embodiment or an active type. When an active type speed sensor module is applied, a power generation coil is separately provided.

  The hub bearing device 64 shown in FIG. 7 uses a ball bearing via a sphere, but it may be a cylindrical roller bearing or a tapered roller bearing, or a single row bearing may be used in combination. Further, the vibration sensor module 4, the temperature sensor module 5, and the vibration sensor 44 and the temperature sensor 45 shown in the second embodiment may be provided together with the speed sensor module 79. The signal transmission method is not limited to radio waves, and ultrasonic waves, infrared rays, light, or the like may be used.

The block diagram of the monitoring apparatus regarding the 1st Embodiment of this invention. The perspective view which shows the state which applied the monitoring apparatus of FIG. 1 to the machine tool. The perspective view which shows the state which applied the monitoring apparatus of FIG. 1 to several processing machines. (A) is sectional drawing which shows the bearing apparatus regarding the 2nd Embodiment of this invention. FIG. 4B is a side view of the sensor portion of the bearing device indicated by F4-F4 in FIG. The block diagram of the bearing apparatus of FIG. The figure which shows typically the state which applied the monitoring apparatus regarding the 3rd Embodiment of this invention to the motor vehicle. Sectional drawing of the hub bearing apparatus used for the monitoring apparatus of FIG. The block diagram of the monitoring apparatus of FIG. FIG. 9 is a waveform diagram schematically showing a speed signal, a transmission signal, a speed information digital signal, and an identification information digital signal output from the signal processing unit of FIG. 8;

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1,63 ... Monitoring apparatus 2,69 ... Wireless sensor 3,66 ... Management apparatus 4 ... Vibration sensor module (vibration sensor)
5. Temperature sensor module (temperature sensor)
7 ... A / D converter (information processing unit)
8 ... RAM (information processing unit)
9. Signal processing unit (information processing unit)
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 ... Communication apparatus 11 ... Communication apparatus 12 ... Signal processing part 31 ... Bearing apparatus 33 ... Sensor part (wireless sensor)
34 ... Inner ring 35 ... Outer ring 36 ... Rolling body 38 ... Detection unit 39 ... Processing unit (information processing unit)
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 40 ... Communication apparatus 44 ... Vibration sensor 45 ... Temperature sensor 64 ... Hub bearing apparatus (bearing apparatus)
68 ... Pulsar ring 70 ... Outer ring (second race ring)
71 ... 1st inner ring 72 ... 2nd inner ring (1st track ring)
73 ... rolling elements 79 ... speed sensor module (rotational speed sensor)
92 ... Digital signal 93 ... Speed information 94 ... Identification information Q ... Command signal R ... Signal

Claims (4)

A set of races that rotate relative to each other through rolling elements;
A pulsar ring provided on a first race of the set of races;
A wireless sensor having a rotational speed sensor attached to a second race ring that rotates relative to the pulsar ring and facing the pulsar ring;
A bearing device comprising: In the wireless sensor,
The communication apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising: a communication device that modulates and transmits information related to a periodic signal detected by a rotation speed sensor of the wireless sensor by rotating the pulsar ring and the wireless sensor relatively. Bearing device. The communication device
Transmits at least one of the rotational speed and rotational speed of the bearing device obtained by the information processing unit based on the wavelength or frequency of the periodic signal generated in the rotational speed sensor by the relative rotation of the pulsar ring and the wireless sensor. The bearing device according to claim 2, wherein: The communication device
3. The bearing device according to claim 2, wherein at least unique identification information is transmitted for each period of a periodic signal generated in a rotational speed sensor by relatively rotating the pulsar ring and the wireless sensor. .

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