JP2007321512A - Excavation mechanism and shield machine - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an excavation mechanism superior in boring advance efficiency, and to provide a shield machine having such an excavation mechanism, without generating an unexcavated part in a connecting part of an excavation means, even in the case of constituting the excavation mechanism by connecting a plurality of excavation blocks. <P>SOLUTION: This excavation mechanism has a connecting means 27 formed by connecting the plurality of excavation blocks 100 having the excavation means 24 for excavating soil by rotating and transmitting driving force of a motor 30 being a driving means to the mutually adjacent excavation means, support parts 111, P and Q supporting the excavation means 24, and a penetration bit 25 arranged in the support parts 111, P and Q or at least in one place of its vicinity and excavating the soil by penetrating into the soil. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2008,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to an excavation mechanism and excavation used when constructing a tunnel, a sewer, etc. (hereinafter collectively referred to as “excavation mine”) on an object to be excavated (hereinafter collectively referred to as “soil”) such as natural ground and ground. Related to the machine. The excavation mechanism and the excavator according to the present invention are suitable for simultaneously forming a cylindrical main excavation pit and a groove-shaped auxiliary excavation pit along the cylindrical main excavation mine, Although it is suitable also for construction of the arch shell in the one receiving construction which is one, it is not limited to these uses.

Most of road tunnels, subway tunnels and the like (hereinafter collectively referred to as “tunnels”) are formed by shield machines, and their cross-sectional shapes are substantially circular.
Therefore, for example, when forming a platform for raising and lowering passengers in a subway tunnel, in order to form a predetermined space toward the side of the tunnel having a substantially circular cross section, an excavating means separate from the shield machine is required. .
Various techniques are proposed in Patent Documents 1 to 5 shown below as techniques for forming a predetermined space toward the side of a tunnel having a substantially circular cross section, and various excavations are included in each proposal. A mechanism is disclosed.

(I) An arch member formed as an elongated support member that is curved along the longitudinal direction is sequentially penetrated into the ground to be continuously laterally formed, and a curved wall by the arch member is formed in the ground. A construction method for an underground space using an arch member, wherein an underground space is constructed by excavating the ground partitioned inside the curved wall (see Patent Document 1).
The excavation mechanism used in this underground space construction method is a structure that is provided at the tip of an arch member and rotatably supports the excavation blade rotation shaft by a bearing attached on the outer frame of the excavator. Excavation blades are mounted on the excavation blade rotation shaft, and the excavation blade drive shaft is operated to rotate the excavation blade rotation shaft, thereby rotating the excavation blade and propelling it while digging in the ground.

(Ii) Precise excavation of the top guide, and the left and right arch shells are constructed from the top guide by an arc-shaped underground continuous wall excavator, and concrete is placed in the top guide to The construction method of the arch shell in the tunnel tip receiving construction characterized by combining the arch shell portions of the two and constructing the arch shell in front of the tunnel excavation face (see Patent Document 2).
The excavation mechanism disclosed in Patent Document 2 is an arc-shaped underground continuous wall excavator, which excavates an arch shell portion by a cutter portion supported by an arc-shaped rod tip and is finally dismantled and removed. In this excavation mechanism, it is not clear how excavation driving force is transmitted to the excavator.

(Iii) In addition, an arcuate tunnel excavator for hard rock used for excavation of an arcuate tunnel when efficiently excavating a wide tunnel having an arcuate upper surface on a rock part has been proposed (see Patent Document 3). .
A plurality of excavation mechanisms disclosed in Patent Document 3 are arranged in an arcuate shape, thereby enabling the excavation of an arcuate tunnel. Each digging means includes a cylindrical shield and a cutter disk at the tip thereof, and includes a drive motor for the cutter disk and a shield jack for driving the cylindrical shield to extend and contract in the rotation axis direction of the cutter disk. Therefore, no excavation drive force is transmitted between adjacent excavation means. In addition, when maintenance / management is required, it is assumed that this is performed for each excavation means.

(Iv) The excavation mechanism disclosed in Patent Document 4 includes an inner moat cutter head attached to the tip of a main shaft of a cutter driving hydraulic motor, and an outer moat cutter head that is rotated by a mechanism that transmits the rotation of the main shaft. Is provided. Since this excavation mechanism runs along the arched skin plate, it is presumed that when maintenance and management are necessary, it is moved along the skin plate and moved to a predetermined position. The

(V) The excavation mechanism disclosed in Patent Document 5 has a plurality of parallel ring motions so as to excavate a pit having an arcuate cross section as a whole. Since each excavation mechanism includes a shield cutter and a cutter driving unit that rotationally drives the shield cutter, transmission of excavation driving force between adjacent excavation means is planned as in the excavation mechanism disclosed in Patent Document 3. It has not been. In addition, when maintenance / management is required, it is assumed that this is performed for each excavation means.

Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 4-24398 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 5-18194 (2 pages, FIG. 1) Japanese Patent No. 3386197 (page 3-4, FIG. 1) JP-A-8-260875 (2-3 pages, FIG. 4) JP 2000-120398 A (pages 3 to 4, FIG. 1)

Any conventional excavation mechanism is not configured to include at least a plurality of structural unit elements having an excavation function, and even in such a configuration, the excavation driving force is connected to be transmitted between adjacent structural unit elements. It has not been.
If handling of each structural unit element having a drilling function is possible, it is easy to attach / detach, transport, and so on, and maintenance and management are also facilitated. It is also possible to appropriately configure the excavation mechanism by appropriately selecting the type of excavation means according to the excavation environment and conditions such as soil conditions and construction conditions, or by combining structural unit elements with different excavation means. .
In addition, if the interface part (structure of a connection part, a connection mechanism, etc.) between structural unit elements is shared in each structural unit element, there also exists an advantage that the freedom degree of design of a structural unit element increases except an interface part.

As described above, the excavation mechanism that includes a plurality of structural unit elements having an excavation function and is connected so that excavation driving force can be transmitted between adjacent structural unit elements has various advantages.
However, if each of the plurality of excavating means is driven to rotate, the excavating means is located at an intermediate position between the respective connecting portions or between the connecting portions, or at or near the position of the connecting means for transmitting excavation driving force between the excavating means. It is possible that the excavation by the excavation means does not reach the support part or the vicinity of the support part (the excavation means does not reach), and the soil that remains without being excavated partially remains (hereinafter, The portion of the soil that remains unexcavated is called the “unexcavated portion”).
When such an unexcavated portion is generated, it becomes a cause of an excavation failure and a propulsion resistance of the excavation mechanism, and the excavation efficiency is lowered. If the propulsion resistance is large, the excavation efficiency does not stop decreasing, and it may be impossible to excavate.
Such a problem arises when the distance between adjacent excavation means must be wide due to the design of the excavation mechanism (for example, adjacent excavation means need to be connected via a joint such as a universal joint). In such a case, it is necessary to employ such a joint as a connecting means for transmitting the driving force of excavation between the structural unit elements having the excavating function between the excavating means) or the total length of the plural excavating means must be increased. Prone to manifest in cases. In these cases, it is necessary to avoid the bending of the excavating means and maintain the strength, and for that purpose, it is a conventional means to provide a connecting portion of the excavating means and a support portion that supports the connecting means.

Therefore, the problem of the present invention is that if a plurality of excavating means are respectively driven to rotate, the position of the connecting means that transmits the driving force of excavation between the excavating means or the intermediate positions between the connecting parts or the connecting parts, It is an object of the present invention to provide a excavating mechanism that excels in excavation efficiency without generating a supporting portion that supports the excavating means in the vicinity thereof and an unexcavated portion in the vicinity thereof.
Moreover, it aims at providing the excavation machine provided with such an excavation mechanism.
The “structural unit element having an excavation function” may have various names, but can be said to be a module, unit, block, or cassette having a specific function and structurally definable. In the present invention, this is collectively referred to as “excavation block”.

(1) A first aspect of the excavation mechanism according to the present invention includes a plurality of excavation means that rotate and excavate soil, a connection portion of the plurality of excavation means, a support portion that supports the connection portion, And a penetration bit that is installed in at least one place in the vicinity of the support portion or the vicinity thereof and penetrates the soil to excavate the soil.

(2) A second aspect of the excavation mechanism according to the present invention is a combination of a plurality of excavation blocks having excavation means for rotating and excavating soil, and excavating adjacent drive forces of motors as drive means. A connecting means for transmitting to the means; a support portion for supporting the connecting means or the excavating means; and a penetrating bit installed in at least one place in the vicinity of the supporting portion or in the vicinity thereof for excavating the soil. It is characterized by having.
It should be noted that a propulsion mechanism for propelling the excavation mechanism is preferably mounted on all or part of each excavation block. The penetration bit is preferably installed in the vicinity of the connecting means.

(3) Moreover, the 3rd aspect of the excavation mechanism which concerns on this invention is a thing as described in said (1) or (2), The bit front-end | tip position of a penetration bit is the excavation locus or excavation envelope surface of an excavation means. It is characterized by being set to be in front of the excavation direction.

(4) Further, a fourth aspect of the excavation mechanism according to the present invention is the one according to any one of the above (1) to (3), wherein the excavation means has a bit attached to a substantially cylindrical rotating body. The rotating body is configured to rotate around a cylindrical axis.

(5) Moreover, the 5th aspect of the excavation mechanism which concerns on this invention is a thing in any one of said (2) thru | or (4), Each excavation block is comprised so that attachment or detachment is mutually possible, It is characterized by the above-mentioned. It is what.

(6) Moreover, the 6th aspect of the excavation machine which concerns on this invention is equipped with a pair of excavation mechanisms in any one of said (1) thru | or (5), It is characterized by the above-mentioned.

(7) According to a seventh aspect of the excavator according to the present invention, a pair of excavation mechanisms according to any one of (1) to (5) are provided, and the excavation mechanisms are separated from each other along the excavation direction. It is characterized by being.

(8) Moreover, the 8th aspect of the excavation machine which concerns on this invention is an excavation machine provided with the excavation mechanism in any one of said (1) thru | or (5), Comprising: The installation position of this excavation mechanism is It is characterized in that it can be changed.

(9) According to a ninth aspect of the excavator according to the present invention, a main excavation part that forms a tubular main excavation pit in the excavation machine soil, and a width extending direction of the main excavation part are installed. A soil excavator having a sub-excavation section that forms a groove-shaped sub-excavation pit along the cylindrical main excavation pit,
The main excavation part comprises a tubular main body part, a main excavation means provided at the front end of the main body part for excavating soil, and a main jack means for propelling the main body part in the excavation direction side,
A plurality of excavating blocks each having a excavating means for excavating the soil by rotating by the sub excavation unit, and a connecting means for transmitting a driving force of a motor as a driving means to adjacent excavating means; A supporting portion that supports the excavating means; a penetration bit that is installed in at least one of the supporting portion or the vicinity thereof and penetrates the soil to excavate the soil; and a sub jack that propels the connected excavating blocks in the direction of excavation With means,
The excavation means drive source for driving the excavation means and the sub jack drive source for driving the sub jack means are installed inside the main body.

The present invention has the following effects.
(A) The excavation mechanism according to the present invention includes a plurality of excavation means for rotating and excavating soil, a connection part of the plurality of excavation means, a support part for supporting the connection part, and the support part or the vicinity thereof. A plurality of excavation blocks connected to each other by a drill bit for excavating the soil by rotating. A connecting means for transmitting a driving force of a motor, which is a driving means, to excavating means adjacent to each other; a supporting part for supporting the connecting means or the excavating means; and a soil installed in at least one place of the supporting part or its vicinity By providing an intrusion bit that penetrates into the soil and excavates the soil, it is possible to excavate the unexcavated portion that can occur in the support portion or in the vicinity thereof with the intrusion bit, and it is possible to remove the cause of the digging obstacle beforehand. Excavator Can be reduced in excavation resistance, it is possible to enhance the excavation efficiency.

(B) The bit tip position of the penetrating bit is set to be in front of the excavation direction with respect to the excavation trajectory of the excavation means or the envelope surface (excavation envelope surface) that constitutes the excavation front. It can be made into the shape which has the height of and is easy to collapse, and the excavation resistance of the excavation mechanism can be further reduced.

(C) Since the excavating means has a structure in which a bit is attached to a substantially cylindrical rotating body and the rotating body is rotated around a cylindrical axis, the structure can be simplified.

(D) Since each excavation block is configured to be detachable from each other, the excavation block can be easily attached / detached, transported, handled and maintained / managed.
In the above excavation mechanism, if an interface portion between adjacent excavation blocks such as a structure that allows the excavation block to be attached and detached and a means that enables a driving force of excavation in each excavation block to be transmitted between adjacent excavation blocks can be used in common The excavation block can be manufactured, attached, removed, maintained and managed easily, and the type of excavation means is selected appropriately according to the excavation environment and conditions such as ground conditions and construction conditions, or structural unit elements with different excavation means are combined. Thus, the excavation mechanism can be selectively configured. When the interface part of the common standard is adopted, the degree of freedom in designing other parts also increases.

(E) According to the excavator provided with a pair of excavation mechanisms, a pair of excavation holes can be constructed simultaneously.

(F) According to the excavator provided with a pair of the excavation mechanisms, each excavation mechanism being separated in the excavation direction, a work space necessary for maintenance and management of each excavation mechanism can be secured, and excavation is performed. Block unit attachment / detachment, transportation, and other handling, maintenance and management become easier.
That is, for example, assuming that the excavator is extended and installed on the left and right in the width direction of the excavator, the right excavation mechanism in the excavation direction is installed at a position after the left excavation mechanism. When the maintenance and management work of one excavation mechanism is performed inside the excavator, the work location shifts back and forth, so the part of one excavation mechanism does not become a physical obstacle to the other excavator, A wide working space can be secured for each excavator.

(G) According to the excavator capable of changing the installation position of the excavation mechanism, a plurality of excavation holes can be constructed by the same excavator. In addition, a drilling hole can be constructed at an arbitrary position in the target area of the underground space, and a plurality of drilling holes can be built in the target area of the underground space, so that the strength of the target area is reduced and The excavation can be facilitated.

(H) The excavator has a main excavation part and a sub excavation part, and a plurality of excavation blocks provided with excavation means for excavating the soil by rotating the sub excavation part are connected, and the driving force of the motor as the drive means Is connected to the excavating means adjacent to each other, a supporting part for supporting the connecting means or the excavating means, and installed in at least one place of the supporting part or the vicinity thereof to penetrate the soil and excavate the soil. Since it is provided with the auxiliary jack means for propelling the penetration bit and the connected excavation block in the excavation direction, the effect of the invention relating to the excavation mechanism is exhibited, and it is necessary to construct a vertical shaft when excavating the tunnel junction do not do. In addition, the excavation block can be connected only by providing a predetermined work space in the soil at the beginning and end of the tunnel junction.
Each excavation block includes sub-excavation means for excavating the excavation direction side and sub-jack means for pressing the lining material, and the main excavation part and the sub-excavation part excavate and advance in parallel. Therefore, excavation efficiency is improved.
Further, since the auxiliary excavating means driving source for driving the auxiliary excavating means and the auxiliary jack driving source for driving the auxiliary jack means are respectively installed inside the main body, the excavating block becomes small and light. For this reason, various handlings, such as conveyance of a digging block and the connection of digging blocks, become easy and quick.

[Embodiment 1]
<Drilling mechanism>
FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram of an excavation mechanism according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
As shown in FIG. 1, the excavation mechanism 1 in the present embodiment has a plurality of excavation blocks 100a, 100b,. In FIG. 1, an intermediate excavation block is omitted.
In the following description, the subscripts “a, b,... H” are omitted for the contents common to each excavation block and other parts, and for the sake of convenience, the most dispositioned “ The most advanced excavation block 100a ”and the one arranged closest to the base end (the side on which the driving means is attached) will be referred to as“ root excavation block 100h ”. The number of excavation blocks 100 is not limited and may be any.

The detachable connection between the excavation blocks is realized by connecting or separating frames 110 (described later) of adjacent excavation blocks 100.
For example, it can be attached or detached by using a bolt-nut screwing mechanism provided between adjacent frames, or by connecting adjacent frames by welding or separating them by gouging (or fusing in some cases) Can be. When connecting adjacent excavation blocks, you may use the joining member and joint member for fixing a connection angle.

<Drilling block>
2-4 is a figure which outlines the excavation block 100 of the excavation mechanism 1 which concerns on Embodiment 1 of this invention, Comprising: FIG. 2 is sectional drawing of front view, FIG. 3 is sectional drawing of planar view, FIG. FIG.
As shown in FIGS. 2 to 4, the excavation block 100 includes a box-shaped frame body 110, excavation means 20 that is installed in the frame body 110 to excavate soil, and excavated earth and sand excavated by the excavation means 20. The mud discharging means 70 for discharging mud, the mortar transporting means 40m for transporting the mortar as the lining material, and the jack means 50 for pushing the digging block toward the digging direction by pressing the mortar in the direction opposite to the digging direction. And an attitude control means 90 for controlling the attitude of the excavation mechanism during excavation. In the present invention, cement, concrete, and the like are collectively referred to as mortar.
Hereinafter, the components constituting the excavation block will be described in detail.

(Frame)
The frame body 110 has a substantially fan-shaped cylindrical front cylinder 113, and is guided by the front cylinder 113 and slides forward and rearward, and is movable along the cylindrical rear cylinder 114 and the inner surface of the rear cylinder 114. Slidable mortar extrusion plate 115 (hereinafter referred to as “wife frame 115”), a front plate 112 fixed to the front body 113 substantially parallel to the wife frame 115, and the center or width of the front plate 112 in the width direction A pair of brackets 111, P, and Q (hereinafter referred to as a pair of brackets P and Q projecting from both sides in the width direction of the front plate 112). In particular, except for the case where they are distinguished from each other, there are cases where they are collectively referred to as “brackets 111”). The number of brackets 111 fixed to the center of the front plate 112 in the width direction may be plural.
A mortar transport pipe 41 constituting a part of the mortar transport means 40m and a mud feed pipe 71 constituting a part of the mud discharge means 70 penetrate in the width direction (left-right direction in FIG. 2 and up-down direction in FIG. 3). ing.

(Drilling means)
5-7 is explanatory drawing of the excavation means 20, FIG. 5 is a front view of the excavation means 20, FIG. 6 is sectional drawing in alignment with the arrow AA in FIG. FIG.
The excavating means 20 includes a rotating cutter 24 that protrudes in the radial direction on the peripheral surface of a cylindrical rotating body 21 and a plurality of bits 23 fixed thereto, and an arc-shaped penetrating bit 25 provided between adjacent rotating cutters 24. It is composed of

A pair of the rotary cutters 24 is arranged centering on the bracket 111 in the width direction and a pair in the thickness direction, and a total of four rotary cutters 24 are provided in one excavation block. In the width direction, the rotary cutters 24, 24 on both sides of the bracket 111 are connected by a universal joint, and are configured to transmit rotational power while being bent (see FIG. 5).
The rotary shaft 22 of the rotary cutter 24 is rotatably supported by a bearing B installed on the bracket 111. One end of each rotary shaft 22 is connected to the end of the rotary shaft 22 of the rotary cutter 24 provided in another excavation block 100 adjacent in the width direction by a universal joint 27 (see FIG. 6). The other end of each rotary shaft 22 is also connected to the end of the rotary shaft 22 of the rotary cutter 24 included in another excavation block 100 adjacent in the width direction by a universal joint 27.
The rotation shaft 22h of the base excavation block 100h is connected to the motor 30 by a rotation transmission rod 32 (see FIG. 1).

As described above, in each excavation block 100, since the rotary shaft 22 is connected by the universal joint 27, the rotational force of the motor 30 is adjacent to each other even though the axis of each rotary shaft is not on the same straight line. It is transmitted sequentially between the excavation blocks.
For this reason, it is not necessary to install excavation means drive source (for example, a motor or the like) for driving the rotary cutter 24 in the excavation block 100, and a dedicated power transmission shaft for transmitting the main body rotational force is unnecessary. Therefore, each excavation block 100 is lightweight.

As shown in FIGS. 5 and 7, the penetrating bit 25 is installed on the bracket 111 at the connecting portion of the rotary cutter 24. The reason for providing the penetration bit 25 is as follows.
A universal joint 27 or a bearing is installed at the connecting portion of the rotary cutter 24. Therefore, a certain gap is generated between the adjacent rotary cutters. In particular, as shown in FIG. 5, when adjacent rotary cutters 24 are bent and connected by a universal joint 27, the gap becomes large. In such a gap portion, the soil is not excavated and remains as an unexcavated portion. If an unexcavated part remains, it will become a propulsion resistance at the time of propelling the excavation mechanism 1, will reduce excavation efficiency, and when resistance is large, it will become impossible to dig. In order to prevent such a decrease in excavation efficiency and the inability to excavate, a jack with a large propulsive force is required, and other structural parts need to be strengthened, leading to an increase in cost as a whole.
In order to prevent such a decrease in excavation efficiency, it is necessary that no unexcavated portion remains.
Therefore, in this embodiment, the penetrating bit 25 is provided as a means for excavating the unexcavated portion separately from the rotary cutter 24.

  The penetration bit 25 has a substantially semicircular arc shape as a whole and is attached to a bracket 111 that supports the rotary cutter 24. The penetration bit 25 has a shape in which the central portion in the width direction is pointed in a mountain shape. By sharpening the central portion of the penetration bit 25, it is possible to penetrate the unexcavated portion of the soil with less resistance, and to improve excavation efficiency. Note that the angle of the tip of the penetrating bit 25 is desirably 90 degrees or less.

The position of the cutting edge of the penetration bit 25 is set so as to be inside the rotation locus of the tip end of the rotary cutter 24, that is, in front of the excavation direction (see FIGS. 5 and 6). Note that the rotation locus of the tip of the bit is indicated by a two-dot chain line in the figure. The same applies to the other drawings.
FIG. 8 is an explanatory diagram for explaining the operation of the penetration bit 25 for the reason that the position of the cutting edge of the penetration bit 25 is set to be in front of the rotation locus of the bit tip of the rotary cutter 24 in the digging direction. explain.
FIG. 8A shows a state in which the soil is excavated by the rotary cutter 24 and the tip of the penetrating bit 25 is in contact with the unexcavated portion 26. FIG. 8B shows a state where the excavation mechanism is propelled from the state of FIG. 8A, and the two-dot chain line in FIG. 8B shows the end face of the soil in the state of FIG. 8A. Yes.

By setting the position of the cutting edge of the penetrating bit 25 to be inside the rotation trajectory of the bit tip of the rotary cutter 24, the unexcavated portion 26 becomes an arc streak having a certain height (FIG. 8 ( a)). When the digging is performed with the tip of the penetration bit 25 in contact with such an unexcavated portion 26, the unexcavated portion 26 collapses in the lateral direction indicated by the arrow as shown in FIG. 8B. . That is, by setting the position of the cutting edge of the penetrating bit 25 to be inside the rotation locus of the bit tip of the rotary cutter 24, the penetrating bit 25 breaks the arc-shaped streak portion having a certain height. Less resistance is required.
Although the rotary cutter 24 exists on both sides of the unexcavated portion 26, as can be seen from FIG. 7, there is a space between the bits of the rotary cutter 24, so there is a space for the unexcavated portion 26 to collapse. .

In the present embodiment, since the position of the cutting edge of the penetration bit 25 is set to be inside the rotation locus of the bit tip of the rotary cutter 24 or the excavation envelope surface, the above-described effects are obtained. Even if the position of the cutting edge of the bit 25 is set to be the same position as the rotation trajectory of the tip of the bit of the rotary cutter 24 or a position on the front side in the excavation direction, the effect of eliminating the unexcavated portion 26 can be obtained.
Further, in the above-described example, the penetration bit 25 is the bracket 111 of the connecting portion of the excavating means 20 arranged in series in the excavation block 100 and is fixed to the center in the width direction of the front plate 112 or an intermediate position in the width direction. Although the example installed only on the thing was shown, it installed so that it may install in the edge part (P, Q part in FIG. 3) of the frame 110 used as the connection part of the excavation means 20 between adjacent excavation blocks. It may be.

  In the above description, the excavation block includes a total of four excavation means (rotary cutter 24) (see FIG. 5), but the present invention is not limited to this. For example, in FIG. 5, a pair of upper and lower rotary cutters (two sets in total, two rotary cutters in each group) on the left and right sides of the penetration bit 25 may be designed as a drilling block. In this case, FIG. 5 shows a pair of adjacent excavation blocks in a state where rotational power is transmitted from one excavation block to the other excavation block using a universal joint as a connecting means. It becomes. And each excavation block does not have the bracket 111 fixed to the center in the width direction of the front plate 112 or the intermediate position in the width direction, and only a pair of brackets P and Q projecting from both sides of the front plate 112 in the width direction. Will exist. In this case, the penetration bit 25 is installed in both or one of the pair of brackets P and Q.

  In the above description, in one excavation block, the rotary cutters 24 and 24 on both sides sandwiching the bracket 111 fixed at the center in the width direction of the front plate 112 or the intermediate position in the width direction are connected by the universal joint. Although the case where the rotational power is transmitted while being bent has been described (see FIG. 5), the excavation block has the universal joints because the rotary cutters 24, 24 are arranged in a straight line. The structure which is not provided may be sufficient. In this case, the portion of the rotary shaft that is arranged between the rotary cutters 24 and 24 and is shared by both rotary cutters corresponds to the connecting portion of the excavating means, and the bearing B and the bracket 111 that support the rotary shaft are: This corresponds to a support portion that supports the connecting portion. Even if such a configuration, that is, a configuration in which the rotation shafts of a plurality of rotary cutters are linearly arranged in one excavation block, if transmission of rotational power between adjacent excavation blocks is necessary, Similar to the excavation block of the configuration, it is necessary to provide a connecting means between the adjacent excavation blocks. A penetration bit 25 is provided in at least one of the brackets 111, P, and Q.

(Mortar transportation means)
The mortar transport means 40m allows a mortar pumping machine (not shown) installed outside the excavating mechanism 1, a mortar transport pipe 41, and a through hole (not shown) of the mortar transport pipe 41 and the wife frame 115 to be close to and away from each other. A mortar supply pipe (not shown) that communicates is provided. A mortar supply amount adjusting means (for example, an opening degree adjusting valve) for adjusting the mortar supply amount or a mortar supply pipe cleaning means for cleaning the inside of the mortar supply pipe may be installed in the mortar supply pipe.

(Drainage means)
The mud draining means 70 has a mud feeding pipe 71 penetrating the frame 110 and a mud feeding branch pipe (not shown) for pouring water into the front surface of the front plate 112, and one of the mud feeding pipes 71 in the root excavation block 100h. The water is fed to the end, and the water is poured into the excavation mine at the excavation block 100 at a predetermined position in the width direction or at the most advanced excavation block 100a. Thus, the excavated soil is mixed with the water to be mud, the mud mixture is moved to the base excavation block 100h side, and is discharged via a mud drain pipe (not shown).
In addition, the sludge pipe 71 which penetrates the frame 110 of the excavation block 100 is provided, and the front plate 112 of the excavation block 100 is provided with a waste mud branch pipe that receives a mixture of water and the excavated soil. The mixture may be recovered via the mud pipe 71.

In the excavation block 100 shown in FIGS. 2 to 4, the mortar transport pipe 41 and the mud transport pipe 71 penetrate in the width direction (left-right direction in FIG. 2 and up-down direction in FIG. 3). Such a state can be realized by installing in the frame 110 a pair of openings that can communicate in the width direction. That is, when the excavation block 100 is added, an end portion formed by separating the mortar transport pipe 41 and the mud feed pipe 71 in the middle is allowed to pass through one of the pair of openings provided in the frame 110. Furthermore, it is moved relative to the excavation block 100 so as to pass through the other opening. Thereby, the mortar transport pipe 41 and the mud pipe 71 are in a state of penetrating the inside of the excavation block in the width direction. After the necessary work is completed, the mortar transport pipe 41 and the mud transport pipe 71 are joined again and used for normal use.
In addition, if a detachable joint is attached to the mortar transport pipe 41 and the mud feed pipe 71 in advance so as to be located inside the excavation part, the operation is facilitated by the above procedure.

(Jacking means)
The jack means 50 is housed in the frame 110, and includes a first jack 51 (hereinafter referred to as “advance jack 51”) that connects the front plate 112 and the end frame 115 so as to be close to and away from each other, and the front plate 112 and the rear plate 112. A second jack 52 (hereinafter referred to as “retracting jack 52”) that connects the barrel 114 so as to be close to and away from each other is provided.

(Attitude control means)
The posture control means 90 includes a posture control sled (橇) 91 that is installed in the front body 113 and can be moved back and forth in the thickness direction, and an actuator 92 that moves the posture control sled (橇) 91 forward and backward.
Therefore, by adjusting the advance / retreat amount of the attitude control sled (橇) 91, the excavation direction of the excavation block 100 can be adjusted, so that it is possible to form an excavation pit in a desired form (posture, shape, etc.). become. Moreover, it becomes possible to prevent an abnormal load from acting on the connection part between the excavation blocks 100.

<Explanation of excavation mechanism>
9 and 10 are sectional views in plan view for explaining the excavation procedure of the excavation mechanism according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention step by step.

  In the initial state, the excavation mechanism is in a state where the excavation mechanism has been excavated by a predetermined distance, and the rear end portion of the rear trunk 114 and the rear surface of the end frame 115 are at the position “I” (the same as the mortar surface that has been placed), and the rotary cutter 24. Are arranged at the position “b”, respectively (FIG. 9A).

Next, the pull-back jack 52 is made free (unconstrained state), and the forward jack 51 is extended while rotating the rotary cutter 24. Then, since the wife frame 115 continues to push the front surface of the mortar 100M that has been placed (same as the position “I”) toward the rear, the rear end portion of the rear trunk 114 remains in the “I” position. The front surface of the rotary cutter 24 moves forward to the position “C” (FIG. 9B).
During this advancement, the penetration bit 25 excavates the unexcavated portion 26 of the soil as described with reference to FIG.

  With the pull-back jack 52 extended, the rear end portion of the rear cylinder 114 is left at the position “A”. Then, the forward jack 51 is contracted while supplying mortar to the rear surface of the wife frame 115. That is, in the space formed by the rear surface of the wife frame 115 and the inner surface of the rear trunk 114 between the wife frame 115 (position “d”) and the already placed mortar 100M (position “b”). A new mortar 100N is supplied (FIG. 9C).

  Next, the forward jack 51 is extended while shrinking the pullback jack 52 (while pulling it back) (FIG. 10D). At this time, the mortar supplied to the rear surface of the end frame 115 is driven into the excavation pit. In addition, since a gap is formed between the mortar 100M that has been placed and the rear end portion of the rear drum 114 (between “a” and “e” in the figure), the mortar 100N supplied to the rear surface of the end frame 115 Is also placed behind and around the end of the frame 115 (the same in the excavation pit).

  Finally, the pull-back jack 52 is retracted and the forward jack 51 is extended until the rear end portion of the rear barrel 114 and the rear surface of the end frame 115 are aligned at the “G” position. Then, the entire amount of the mortar 100N supplied to the rear surface of the end frame 115 is placed in the excavation pit. Then, except that the rotary cutter 24 is not at the position “B” but at the position “C”, and the rear end of the rear barrel 114 and the rear surface of the end frame 115 are not at the position “I” but at the position “G”. The state is almost the same as the initial state shown in FIG. 9A (FIG. 10E). However, since the volume of the excavation pit where mortar is placed is larger than the supply amount of mortar 100N, the distance from “I” to “D” is larger than the distance from “I” to “G” The distance from “d” to “c” is smaller than the distance from “d” to “c”, and the total length of the forward jack 51 is when the mortar 100N is supplied to the rear surface of the wife frame 115 (FIG. 9). (C)) is smaller than when the placement of the mortar 100N is finished (same as the initial state, (a) in FIG. 9 and (e) in FIG. 10).

In the excavation block 100 constituting the excavation mechanism 1 according to the present embodiment, the penetration bit 25 is provided in the connecting portion of the rotary cutter 24, so that the unexcavated portion 26 by the rotary cutter 24 can be excavated by the penetration bit 25, and excavation is performed. Propulsion resistance when propelling the mechanism can be reduced.
In the present embodiment, the position of the cutting edge of the penetrating bit 25 is set to be inside the rotation locus of the tip of the bit of the rotating cutter 24, so that the penetrating bit 25 of the unexcavated portion 26 by the rotating cutter 24 is used. Drilling resistance can be reduced and further reduction of propulsion resistance can be realized.
By realizing the reduction of the propulsion resistance, the excavation efficiency can be improved, the propulsion jack constituting the excavation mechanism can be downsized, and the cost of the excavation mechanism 1 can be reduced.

In the above description, the universal joint 27 corresponds to the connecting means for transmitting the driving force of the present invention. This connecting means transmits the driving force of the excavating means included in each excavating block between adjacent excavating blocks. Any means or mechanism that exhibits the function to make it free is sufficient, and the joint is not limited to the universal joint 27.
Moreover, in this Embodiment, although a pair of excavation means which adjoins and faces in the thickness direction was shown, this invention is not limited to this, The quantity and arrangement position may be any.
Further, the shape of the penetrating bit 25 is not limited to that shown in the present embodiment, and any shape that can excavate a portion of the soil that is not excavated by the rotating cutter 24 at the time of propulsion.
In the above example, mortar is given as an example of the lining material. However, the present invention is not limited to this. For example, a segment may be used instead of mortar, or mortar and You may share a segment.

In the rotating cutter 24, when the bit 23 is installed on the surface of the rotator 21, an example is shown in which the locus of the tip of the bit string is connected to the width direction to form a straight line.
However, the present invention is not limited to this. For example, when the trajectory of the tip of the bit string is connected in the width direction, the barrel shape is formed, that is, it is expanded at the center of the rotating shaft 21 and contracted at the end. Also good. On the contrary, when the locus of the bit tip is connected in the width direction, it may be a “drum” shape, that is, it may be contracted at the center of the rotating body 21 and bulged at the end.
Then, by arranging the “barrel” shape and the “drum” shape above and below in front view, the excavation trajectory in the excavation block 100 can be made substantially fan-shaped in front view. At this time, when the frame body 110 of the excavation block 100 is substantially fan-shaped when viewed from the front, the locus of the tip of the “barrel” -shaped rotary cutter and the “drum” -shaped trajectory have the same radius of curvature as that of the substantially sector-shaped curvature. If the trajectory of the tip of the rotary cutter is formed, the frontal view range formed by the “barrel” -shaped rotary cutter and the “drum” -shaped rotary cutter is substantially the same as the frontal view shape of the frame 110. become. Therefore, the wear of the front end face of the frame 110 is suppressed, and excavation is facilitated. In addition, since suitable excavation is realized by the shape of the frame body 110, the posture of the excavation block 100 can be easily held at a desired position.

[Embodiment 2]
The present embodiment relates to an excavator equipped with the excavation mechanism 1 described in the first embodiment as a sub excavation unit.
11 and 12 are cross-sectional views for illustrating the overall configuration of the excavator according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention, in which FIG. 11 is a side view and FIG. 12 is a front view.
11 and 12, the excavator 1000 is installed in a main excavation unit 1900 that forms a cylindrical excavation mine (hereinafter referred to as “main excavation mine”) in soil, and the main excavation unit 1900. And a sub-excavation portion 1100 including the excavation mechanism 1 that forms a groove-shaped excavation mine (hereinafter referred to as “sub-excavation mine”). In addition, although a pair of subexcavation part 1100 is shown in figure, this invention does not limit the quantity and installation position.

In the following description, the direction in which the excavator 1000 advances while excavating (left side in FIG. 11) is “front”, “front” or “front side”, and the opposite direction (right side in FIG. 11) is “rear”. ”,“ Backward ”or“ rear side ”, the distance in the front-rear direction may be referred to as“ length ”, and the front-rear direction may be referred to as“ length direction ”.
Further, the direction (left side in FIG. 12) of the auxiliary excavation unit 1100 close to the main excavation unit 1900 is “main body side” or “near the main body”, and the opposite direction (right side in FIG. 12) is “tip side” or “ In some cases, the distance from the main body side to the front end side is referred to as “width”, and the direction from the main body side to the front end side is referred to as “width direction”.
Furthermore, a direction (vertical direction in FIG. 12) substantially perpendicular to the surface formed by the length direction and the width direction is referred to as a “thickness direction”.

<Main drilling section>
In FIG. 11, a main excavation unit 1900 includes a main body 910 formed in a cylindrical shape by a skin plate 911 and main excavation means 920 that excavates soil at a front end of the main body 910 to create a cylindrical main excavation mine. (Hereinafter referred to as “cutter head 920”), a segment cylindrical body 900S assembled into a cylindrical shape by a main motor 930 that rotationally drives the cutter head 920, and segment assembling means 940 (hereinafter referred to as “segment erector 940”). This jack means 950 (hereinafter referred to as “shield jack 950”) for moving the main body 910 forward by pressing the rear side of the main body 910, and a cylindrical tail seal plate 912 extending from the rear of the main body 910, and the tail seal plate 912 Main water stopping means 960 (hereinafter referred to as “tail”) that stops the gap between the segment tubular body 900S and the extruded segment cylindrical body 900S. And a may be referred to as Lumpur 960 ").
Also, a back material injection means (not shown) for injecting a back material into the gap between the main excavation mine (not shown) and the segment cylindrical body 900S, and a main earth discharge means (not shown) for discharging the excavated earth and sand (Sometimes called "screw conveyor").

The skin plate 911 of the main body 910 is provided with an opened excavation block through hole 913, and a water stop means 60 is installed in the excavation block through hole 913.
The water stop means 60 is formed by a water stop outer cylinder 961 installed along the excavation block through-hole 913, and a water stop plate 61 that can be tilted by being in watertight contact with the water stop outer cylinder 961. And the front end side (equivalent to the outer surface side of the skin plate 911) of the water stop board 61 is connected with the root excavation block 100h.
On the other hand, the motor support 31 (the motor 30 is installed) is fixed to the main body side (the inner surface side of the skin plate 911) of the water stop plate 61, and the rotation cutter 24h of the root excavation block 100h is It is connected to the motor 30.
Further, a position adjustment means 990 is installed on the skin plate 911 of the main body 910, and a position adjustment arm 991 of the position adjustment means 990 is connected to the motor support 31.

Accordingly, in the excavator 1000, a work base having a predetermined space is provided in the soil at the beginning of the tunnel branch, and the excavation block 100 is transported to the work base via the inside of the segment annular body 900S and connected to the work base. Then, the sub excavation part 1100 can be formed. In addition, if a work base having a predetermined space is provided in the soil at the terminal end of the tunnel branching section, the secondary excavation unit 1100 is disassembled and the excavation block 100 is transported via the inside of the segment annular body 900S. Can be recovered.
That is, since the excavator 1000 does not require the construction of a shaft, there is no restriction on the formation position of the tunnel branch at this point. Moreover, since the drive source which drives the excavation means 20 is not installed in the excavation block 100, the excavation block 100 is lightweight and can be easily transported and interconnected. Therefore, construction is quick and the construction period can be shortened and the construction cost can be reduced.
Note that the installation of the position adjusting means 990 may be omitted.

<Variation 1 of the excavator>
FIG. 13: is a fragmentary sectional view of the side view for outlining the whole structure of the excavation machine of the other aspect which concerns on Embodiment 2 of this invention.
In FIG. 13, the excavator 1001 includes a main excavation unit 1901 similar to the main excavation unit 1900 and a straight sub-excavation unit 1101 in a front view. That is, the sub excavation part 1101 is formed by a rectangular excavation block 101 in a front view, and the excavation block 101 has a substantially fan shape (accordingly, in a front view) in that the excavation block 101 is rectangular in a front view (the connection surface Z is the same in parallel). It is different from the excavation block 100 in which the connecting surface Z is not parallel), and is the same in other respects. In addition, although the form in which the screw cutter is installed as the rotary cutter 24 is illustrated in the excavation block 101, the present invention is not limited to this.

Since the excavation block 101 can be connected to each other like the excavation block 100 or is detachably connected to the excavation block 100, the excavator 1001 has the same effect as the excavator 1000.
Further, even if the excavation mechanism constituting the sub excavation part 1101 is linear as in this example, a bearing is present at the connecting part of the rotary cutter 24, so that only the rotary cutter 24 produces an unexcavated part. Therefore, even in such an example, it is meaningful to provide the penetration bit 25.
In FIG. 13, a form in which the sub excavation unit 1101 is installed at one place is illustrated, but the present invention is not limited to this, and a plurality of sub excavation units 1101 are set in the main excavation part 1901. May be. For example, a pair of sub excavation units may be installed on the left and right in the width direction with the main excavation unit 1901 as the center, or are installed in the same direction in the width direction from the main excavation unit 1901 and face each other up and down in the thickness direction. (As in the pair of auxiliary excavation units 1100 in FIG. 2).

<Dining machine variation 2>
FIG. 14 is a partial cross-sectional view in side view for outlining the overall configuration of the excavator of another aspect according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
In FIG. 14, the excavator 1002 includes a main excavation unit 1902 similar to the main excavation unit 1900, and a sub excavation unit 1102 having a linear shape near the main body in a front view and an arc shape on the tip side. Yes. That is, the excavation blocks 102 forming the sub excavation part 1102 are the ones in which the angles formed by the connecting surfaces Z that face each other in the width direction and are in contact with each other in the excavation block 102 are changed (same if not constant). In this respect, the excavation block 100 is substantially fan-shaped (therefore, the angles formed by the connecting surfaces Z are substantially the same) when viewed from the front, and is otherwise the same. The excavation block 102 is shown with a drum cutter as the rotary cutter 24, but the present invention is not limited to this (this will be described in detail separately).

Since the excavation block 102 can be connected to each other or detachably connected in the same manner as the excavation block 100, the excavator 1002 has the same effect as the excavator 1000 and has a plurality of curvature radii in front view. It is possible to form a secondary excavation mine.
In FIG. 14, a form in which the sub excavation part 1102 is installed at one place is illustrated, but the present invention is not limited to this, and a plurality of sub excavation parts 1102 are set in the main excavation part 1902. May be. For example, a pair of sub excavation units may be installed on the left and right in the width direction with the main excavation unit 1902 as the center, or are installed in the same direction in the width direction from the main excavation unit 1902 and face each other up and down in the thickness direction. (As in the pair of sub excavation units 1100 in FIG. 12).

<Excavation control>
FIG. 15 is a control flowchart for explaining the operation control of the excavator according to the present embodiment. Hereinafter, the operation control of the excavator will be described with reference to FIG.
When the excavation is started, each extension of the main jack unit 950 of the main excavation unit and the jack unit 50 of the sub excavation unit is monitored, and the measured extension amounts are compared. If there is a difference in the extension amount, the difference is compared with the set value. If it is less than the set value, the extension of the jack means 950 and the jack means 50 is continued. In this case, excavation by the main excavation unit and the sub excavation unit is continued. On the other hand, when the difference between the extension amounts of the jack means 950 and the jack means 50 is equal to or larger than the set value, the extension of the jack means having the larger extension amount is stopped. Then, the monitoring of each extension of the jack unit 950 and the jack unit 50 and the measurement and comparison of the extension amount are continued. The above procedure is repeated until the difference between the extension amounts measured from both jack means becomes zero (zero) or a predetermined region. However, when the extension of the jack means having the larger extension amount has already been stopped, the procedure required for the stop may be skipped and not executed.

  When the difference between the extension amounts measured from both jack means becomes zero (zero) or a predetermined region, it is determined whether or not the extension amounts of both jack means have reached another set value. If the other set value has not been reached, the extension of the jack means that has been stopped because the extension amount was large before that time is resumed. Then, a series of operations of monitoring each extension of the jack unit 950 and the jack unit 50, comparing the extension amount, and stopping the extension of the jack unit having the larger extension amount is repeated. When the extension amounts of both jack means reach the other set value, excavation is stopped.

With the above control flow, the main excavation part and the sub excavation part can be propelled synchronously, and the safe operation of the excavator according to the present invention is realized.

It is explanatory drawing of the excavation mechanism which concerns on Embodiment 1 of this invention. It is sectional drawing of the front view which outlines the excavation block concerning Embodiment 1 of this invention. It is sectional drawing of the planar view which outlines the excavation block concerning Embodiment 1 of this invention. It is sectional drawing of the side view which outlines the excavation block concerning Embodiment 1 of this invention. It is explanatory drawing of the excavation means which concerns on Embodiment 1 of this invention. It is arrow AA sectional drawing of FIG. It is a perspective view of the excavation means which concerns on Embodiment 1 of this invention. It is explanatory drawing of an effect | action of the excavation means which concerns on Embodiment 1 of this invention. It is sectional drawing explaining the excavation outline process of the excavation mechanism which concerns on Embodiment 1 of this invention. It is sectional drawing explaining the excavation outline process of the excavation mechanism which concerns on Embodiment 1 of this invention. It is sectional drawing of the side view which outlines the excavation machine which concerns on Embodiment 2 of this invention. It is sectional drawing of the front view which outlines the excavation machine which concerns on Embodiment 2 of this invention. It is a fragmentary sectional view of the side view which outlines the excavation machine of the other aspect which concerns on Embodiment 2 of this invention. It is a fragmentary sectional view of the side view which outlines the excavation machine of the other aspect which concerns on Embodiment 2 of this invention. It is a control flow figure explaining operation control of an excavation machine concerning Embodiment 2 of the present invention.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Excavation mechanism 20 Excavation means 24 Rotation cutter 25 Penetration bit 27 Universal joint 30 Motor 100 Excavation block 110 Frame body 111, P, Q Bracket 1000 Excavator 1900 Main excavation part 1100 Sub excavation part

Claims (6)

A plurality of excavating means for rotating and excavating soil, a connecting part of the plurality of excavating means, a supporting part for supporting the connecting part, and installed in at least one place in the vicinity of the supporting part or in the vicinity thereof. And an intrusion bit for excavating the soil. A plurality of excavating blocks each having a excavating means for rotating and excavating soil are connected, and a connecting means for transmitting a driving force of a motor as a driving means to adjacent excavating means, and the connecting means or the excavating means. An excavation mechanism comprising: a support part to support; and an intrusion bit that is installed in at least one place in the vicinity of the support part or in the vicinity thereof to penetrate the soil and excavate the soil. The excavation mechanism according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the bit tip position of the penetration bit is set to be in front of the excavation direction with respect to the excavation locus or excavation envelope surface of the excavation means. The excavation mechanism according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the excavating means has a structure in which a bit is attached to a substantially cylindrical rotating body and the rotating body is rotated around a cylindrical axis. The excavation mechanism according to any one of claims 2 to 4, wherein each excavation block is configured to be detachable from each other. A main excavation part for forming a cylindrical main excavation pit in the soil and a width extending direction of the main excavation part are installed, and a groove-shaped sub excavation mine is formed along the cylindrical main excavation pit. A soil excavator having a sub-excavation unit,
The main excavation part comprises a tubular main body part, a main excavation means provided at the front end of the main body part for excavating soil, and a main jack means for propelling the main body part in the excavation direction side,
A plurality of excavating blocks each having a excavating means for excavating the soil by rotating by the sub excavation unit, and a connecting means for transmitting a driving force of a motor as a driving means to adjacent excavating means; A supporting portion that supports the excavating means; a penetration bit that is installed in at least one of the supporting portion or the vicinity thereof and penetrates the soil to excavate the soil; and a sub jack that propels the connected excavating blocks in the direction of excavation With means,
An excavator characterized in that an excavation means drive source for driving the excavation means and an auxiliary jack drive source for driving the auxiliary jack means are installed inside the main body.

Images