JP2007319972A - Machine tool, multi-spindle head replacing tool, machine tool unit and replacing method for multi-spindle head - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a machine tool, decreasing the number of parts, and eliminating the space for always installing a multi-spindle head replacing tool to reduce the size. <P>SOLUTION: A mounting seat 11d is integrally formed on side walls 11b formed on both right and left sides of a top face 11a of a head 11 of the machine tool. A pier 31 for rails is fixed to the mounting seat 11d by a bolt 32. Both end parts of two first conveying rails 33 of the multi-spindle head replacing tool G are fitted in fit-in recessed part 31a formed on the top face of the pier 31 for both rails, and fixed by a bolt 34 manually turned. The multi-spindle head is separated from a saddle of a machining unit by the multi-spindle head replacing tool G and conveyed to replace the multi-spindle head with a new one. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2008,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a machine tool installed in a production processing line, and more specifically, a machine tool capable of easily performing a multi-axis head replacement operation, a multi-axis head replacement jig used therefor, and a machine tool unit. And a method for replacing the multi-axis head.

  In this type of machine tool, a back-and-forth motion saddle is attached to the upper surface of the bed so as to be able to reciprocate in the front-rear direction by a back-and-forth motion mechanism, and a multi-axis head is detachably attached to the front side surface of the saddle. A workpiece mounted on a workpiece table or workpiece clamping jig is processed by a plurality of tools attached to the shaft head.

  When changing the machining type of the workpiece, the used multi-axis head is removed from the saddle and replaced with a new multi-axis head. This multi-axis head replacement work may be performed using a replacement heavy machine, but there is a problem that the efficiency of the replacement work is very low due to the installation of heavy machines in the factory and safety considerations.

  In order to solve the above problems, Patent Document 1 proposes a multi-axis head exchanging device that automatically replaces a multi-axis head stocked in a multi-axis head magazine and a multi-axis head mounted on a machining unit. ing.

In Patent Document 2, a plurality of multi-axis heads are mounted on a machine body, and a multi-axis head is supported by a support base having a free bearing on a table provided in a spindle unit that is reciprocated in the front-rear direction by a feed unit. There has been proposed one in which an axial head moves on the table to perform a multiaxial head replacement operation.
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 7-237015 Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 5-16025

  However, the multi-axis head exchanging device disclosed in Patent Document 1 requires a multi-axis head magazine and an automatic exchanging mechanism thereof, and has a problem that the structure becomes very complicated and the installation space thereof becomes wide.

  Further, the multi-axis head exchanging device of Patent Document 2 has an advantage that the configuration is simplified to some extent as compared with that of Patent Document 1. However, it is necessary to always stock a plurality of replacement multi-axis heads on the machine body, and a mechanism for stocking the replacement multi-axis heads is required for each machine tool, so the number of parts cannot be reduced. In addition, there is a problem that a large installation space is required.

  The present invention solves the above-mentioned problems in the prior art and can reduce the number of parts, and at the same time, reduces the size by eliminating the space for always installing a multi-axis head replacement jig, It is an object of the present invention to provide a machine tool that can reduce the material cost and manufacturing cost of a jig, a multi-axis head replacement jig used therefor, a machine tool unit, and a multi-axis head replacement method.

  In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the invention according to claim 1 is characterized in that a back-and-forth motion saddle is attached to the upper surface of the bed so as to be able to reciprocate in the front-rear direction by a back-and-forth motion mechanism. In a machine tool in which a head is detachably mounted, a multi-axis head replacement jig that supports the lower surface of the multi-axis head and conveys the head in the left-right direction on both the left and right sides of the bed is bridged. The gist is that a pair of cross-linking groups are provided.

The gist of a second aspect of the present invention is that, in the first aspect, the bridging base is a mounting seat formed on the upper surfaces of the left and right sides of the bed.
The gist of a third aspect of the present invention is that, in the first aspect, the bridging base is a pair of bridge piers that are erected in advance on both the left and right sides of the bed.

  The invention according to claim 4 is a multi-axis head replacement jig mounted on the cross-linking base of the machine tool according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the replacement jig is The gist is that the multi-axis head can be conveyed in the left-right direction.

  According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, in the fourth aspect, the multi-axis head replacement jig is constituted by a pair of front and rear parallel first conveyance rails that are bridged in the left-right direction with respect to the both bridging bases. It is a summary.

The gist of a sixth aspect of the present invention is that, in the fifth aspect of the present invention, a pair of left and right parallel second conveyance rails are bridged in the front-rear direction on the first conveyance rails.
A seventh aspect of the present invention provides the transfer rail according to the fifth or sixth aspect, wherein the transfer rail can be switched between a lowered position and a raised position by a position switching mechanism with respect to the rail body and the rail body. The gist of the present invention is that it is composed of a configured lifting bar and a plurality of rollers mounted on the bar and supporting the lower surface of the multi-axis head.

  The invention according to claim 8 includes the machine tool according to any one of claims 1 to 3 and the jig for replacing a multi-axis head according to any one of claims 4 to 7. The gist is that it is configured.

  According to the ninth aspect of the present invention, a machine tool in which a back-and-forth motion saddle is mounted on the upper surface of the bed so as to be able to reciprocate in the front-rear direction by a back-and-forth motion mechanism and a multi-axis head is removably mounted on the front side surface of the saddle The step of bridging the multi-axis head replacement jig for supporting and transporting the lower surface of the multi-axis head to the bridging bases provided on the left and right sides of the bed, and separating the multi-axis head from the longitudinal saddle The process of transferring onto the multi-axis head replacement jig, the process of transferring the multi-axis head on the multi-axis head replacement jig to the unloading carriage arranged on the side of the machine tool, and the machine tool side Moving the multi-axis head on the loading carriage arranged in the direction onto the multi-axis head replacement jig, and then moving the multi-axis head to the forward / backward movement saddle and attaching it to the saddle; Remove the shaft head replacement jig from the bridge base. And summarized in that and a to process.

(Function)
According to the first aspect of the present invention, the jig for replacing the multi-axis head is attached only to the pair of bridging bases on the bed side at the time of replacing the multi-axis head. Therefore, no jig is prepared for each machine tool. In addition, it is not always necessary to secure a dedicated mounting space for the jig on the machine tool.

In the invention according to claim 2, since the cross-linking base is a mounting seat formed on the upper surfaces of the left and right sides of the bed, the configuration of the cross-linking base is simplified.
In the invention according to claim 3, since the bridging base is a pair of bridge piers that are erected in advance on the left and right sides of the bed, the bridging work of the jig is facilitated.

According to the fourth aspect of the present invention, since the multi-axis head is conveyed in the left-right direction by the multi-axis head replacement jig, the time required for carrying out and carrying in the multi-axis head is shortened.
In the invention according to claim 5, the configuration of the multi-axis head replacement jig is simplified by the pair of first conveying rails.

  In the sixth aspect of the invention, since the multi-axis head is conveyed in the left-right direction and the front-rear direction by the first conveyance rail and the second conveyance rail, the multi-axis head is mounted when the multi-axis head is detached from the longitudinal saddle. In a machine tool that needs to move back and forth, the multi-axis head can be separated forward from the longitudinal saddle, and the multi-axis head can be moved forward by the second transfer rail and moved to the first transfer rail.

  According to the seventh aspect of the present invention, when the lifting bar and the plurality of rollers are switched from the lowered position to the raised position by the position switching mechanism, the roller located below the upper surface of the rail body moves upward from the upper surface. The lower surface of the multi-axis head that has been lifted and supported on the upper surface of the rail body is supported by the roller, so that the multi-axis head can be conveyed by the roller.

  According to the present invention, the multi-axis head replacement jig may be attached to the pair of left and right bridging bases provided on the bed only when the multi-axis head is replaced. For this reason, the multi-axis head replacement jig can be shared by a plurality of machine tools, the number of parts can be reduced, and a space for always installing the multi-axis head replacement jig is not required. As a result, it is possible to reduce the size of the machine tool and to reduce the space of the entire production processing line.

Hereinafter, a first embodiment of a machine tool embodying the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.
As shown in FIGS. 1 and 5, on the upper surface 11a of the bed 11, the guide rail 12 is oriented in the front-rear direction, which is the feed direction of the main shaft, and at a predetermined interval in the left-right (machine width) direction. It is laid in parallel. A processing unit 14 is mounted on both guide rails 12 so as to be reciprocally movable in the front-rear direction by a ball screw type feed mechanism 13 in the front-rear (main axis) direction. As shown in FIGS. 1 and 4, the processing unit 14 is detachably mounted on a longitudinal saddle 15 that is guided by the guide rail 12 and reciprocated in the longitudinal direction, and a front side surface 15 a of the longitudinal saddle 15. The multi-axis head 17 is configured. The multi-axis head 17 is provided with a plurality of main shafts 16 on which the tool T is mounted.

  A spindle motor 18 is attached to the saddle 15, and the rotational movement of the rotary shaft 19 is transmitted through a claw meshing clutch mechanism 20 and a gear transmission mechanism (not shown) built in the multi-axis head 17. It is transmitted to each main shaft 16.

  As shown in FIGS. 1 and 4, positioning pins 21 are attached to the upper portion of the back surface 17 a of the multi-axis head 17 so that the positioning pins 21 are directed backward, and both positioning pins 21 are attached to the front side surface 15 a of the saddle 15. The two positioning holes 15b are inserted so that they can be pulled out forward. Between the saddle 15 and the multi-axis head 17, a plurality of conventionally known hydraulic clamp mechanisms 22 for fixing the saddle 15 at a regular mounting position are provided at a plurality of (for example, four) positions. Each clamp mechanism 22 can be switched between a clamped state and an unclamped state by operating a switch provided on a control panel for controlling the operation of the machine tool.

  On the upper surface of the bed 11, a work table (not shown) and a work clamping jig for mounting a work to be processed by the tool T of the processing unit 14 are disposed. Further, although not shown in the figure, for example, a transfer bar type work loading / unloading device for loading a workpiece into a machining position or carrying out a machined workpiece is also installed.

Next, the configuration of the main part of the present invention will be described.
As shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, a side wall 11b for attaching a protective cover is integrally formed on the entire outer periphery of the bed 11, and a coolant recovery passage used for processing a workpiece is formed inside the side wall 11b. 11c is formed. Mounting seats 11d are integrally formed on the inner side surfaces of the left and right side walls 11b of the side walls 11b. Both mounting seats 11d are formed so as to be oriented in the front-rear direction, and screw holes 11e are formed at the ends of both mounting seats 11d in the front-rear direction. A pair of rail piers 31 serving as a bridging base are provided with bolts 32 on the upper surfaces of the both mounting seats 11d at positions separated from the movement trajectories K1, K2 in the front-rear direction of the processing unit 14 shown in FIG. It is detachably attached by being screwed into the screw hole 11e.

  As shown in FIG. 5, rail insertion recesses 31a are formed at two locations on the upper surfaces of the rail piers 31 at predetermined intervals in the front-rear direction. A multi-axis head replacement jig G is detachably bridged between the rail piers 31 for both rails. This multi-axis head replacement jig G is inserted into the four insertion recesses 31a of the rail pier 31 and is oriented in the left-right direction and cross-linked in parallel at a predetermined interval in the front-rear direction. Two first transfer rails 33 are provided. The end portions of the both transport rails 33 are removably fitted into the fitting recesses 31a, and are bolts that can be manually rotated by screwing into screw holes 31b formed in the upper end outer portion of the rail pier 31. 34 is fastened and fixed. The first conveying rail 33 supports the lower surface of the multiaxial head 17 so that the multiaxial head 17 can be conveyed in the left-right direction.

  The first transport rail 33 is parallel to the second transport rail 35 for transporting the multi-axis head 17 in the front-rear direction so as to be directed in the front-rear direction and at a predetermined interval in the left-right direction. Cross-linked and fixed.

  Next, the configuration of the first transport rail 33 and the second transport rail 35 will be described with reference to FIGS. Since both the rails 33 and 35 are comprised similarly, the rail 33 for 1st conveyance is demonstrated.

  As shown in FIG. 5, a horizontal rectangular column-like lifting bar 37 is similarly housed in a housing groove 36a formed in the upper surface of a rail body 36 having a horizontally long rectangular column shape so as to be movable up and down as shown in FIG. . A plurality of roller accommodating chambers 37a having a substantially horizontal semi-cylindrical shape formed on the upper surface of the lifting bar 37 accommodates rollers 38, and each roller 38 has a shaft as shown in FIG. 39 is rotatably supported.

  A plurality of cylinders 40 constituting a position switching mechanism of the roller 38 are fixed upward at the lower portion of the rail body 36, and the upper end portion of the piston rod 41 of each cylinder 40 abuts the lower surface of the elevating bar 37. Has been.

  A coupler 42A for supplying pressure oil to the cylinder 40 is attached to the end surface of the rail body 36, and oil is supplied from the coupler 42A to the piston-side cylinder chamber of the cylinder 40 through an oil passage 36d. 41 can be raised. Each coupler 42A is supplied with pressure oil in a state where a coupler 42B is connected from the dedicated self-propelled hydraulic unit 43 to the distal ends of a plurality of flexible pipes 44. . The hydraulic unit 43 is equipped with first and second hydraulic operation levers 45A and 45B for moving the piston rod 41 of the cylinder 40 up and down. The first hydraulic operation lever 45A is used for switching the positions of the rollers 38 of the first transport rails 33, and the second hydraulic control lever 45B is used for switching the positions of the rollers 38 of the second transport rails 35. .

  Therefore, when the first hydraulic operation lever 45A or the second hydraulic operation lever 45B is operated in the direction in which the roller 38 is raised, the pressure oil is supplied from the hydraulic unit 43 through the pipe 44 to the first conveyance rail 33 or the second conveyance rail. The piston rod 41 is raised by being supplied to the cylinder 40 of the rail 35, and the lifting bar 37 and the roller 38 are raised. For this reason, as shown in FIG. 7A, the roller 38 is switched from a lowered (inoperative) position positioned below the upper end surface of the rail body 36 to an elevated (operated) position lifted from the upper surface of the rail body 36. . Further, when the first hydraulic operation lever 45A or the second hydraulic operation lever 45B is operated in the direction in which the roller 38 is lowered, the oil in the cylinder 40 is discharged, and the lifting bar 37 and the roller 38 are caused by their own weight. Moved to the lowered position.

Next, the operation of the exchange device for the multi-axis head 17 in the machine tool configured as described above will be described.
In FIG. 1, the first transport rail 33 and the second transport rail 35 are removed from the rail pier 31 and the multi-axis head 17 is mounted on the longitudinal saddle 15 so that the machining unit 14 can move in the longitudinal direction. The state which can process the workpiece | work with the tool T is shown.

  When the work is finished and the multi-axis head 17 is replaced, as shown in FIG. 4, a loading carriage 46 and an unloading carriage 47 shown near the side of the machine tool are used. The carry-in carriage 46 and the carry-out carriage 47 are provided with a plurality of rollers 48 on the upper surface thereof, and a new multi-axis head 17 to be replaced with the used multi-axis head 17 is mounted on the roller 48 of the carry-in carriage 46. ing.

  First, in the state where the multi-axis head 17 is mounted on the saddle 15 as shown in FIG. 1, a coupler for supply piping such as lubricating oil, air, and coolant (not shown) supplied to the multi-axis head 17 is removed.

  Next, in FIG. 1, the machining unit 14 is moved rearward and the multiaxial head 17 is retracted from above the rail pier 31. As shown in FIG. The first transfer rails 33 are fixed to the rail piers 31 by fitting both ends of the two first transfer rails 33 and manually rotating the bolts 34 in the tightening direction. Thereafter, the coupler 42B connected to the tip of the pipe 44 of the hydraulic unit 43 shown in FIG. 6 is connected to each coupler 42A of the first transfer rail 33 and the second transfer rail 35 shown in FIG.

  Next, the feed mechanism 13 is actuated to advance the machining unit 14, and the multi-axis head 17 is moved above the first transfer rail 33 as shown in FIG. In this state, since the rollers 38 of the first transport rail 33 and the second transport rail 35 are both in the lowered position, there is a gap between the upper surface (roller 38) of the rail body 36 and the lower surface of the multiaxial head 17. Is formed. In this state, by operating the second hydraulic operation lever 45B, the lifting bar 37 and the roller 38 of the second transport rail 35 are raised, and the lower surface of the multi-axis head 17 is supported by each roller 38. Then, by operating a switch (not shown) provided on the operation panel of the machine tool, the clamp mechanism 22 of the multi-axis head 17 is switched from the clamped state to the unclamped state, and the multi-axis head 17 is connected to the longitudinal saddle 15. To release. In this state, the multi-axis head 17 is moved forward as shown in FIG. 3 and FIG. 4 by the roller 38 of the second transport rail 35 by manual pushing operation, and the multi-axis head 17 is moved to the pair of first transport rails 33. Stop at the corresponding position.

  Next, by operating the first hydraulic control lever 45A, the raising and lowering bar 37 and the roller 38 of the first conveying rail 33 are switched from the lowered position to the raised position, and the lower surface of the multi-axis head 17 is moved to the first conveying rail. 33, and the second hydraulic control lever 45B is operated to switch the raising / lowering bar 37 and the roller 38 of the second conveying rail 35 from the raised position to the lowered position.

Subsequently, in FIG. 4, the multi-axis head 17 is transferred onto the roller 48 of the carry-out carriage 47 by manual pressing operation by the roller 38 of the first transport rail 33.
Thereafter, the multi-axis head 17 is moved from the loading carriage 46 on which the new multi-axis head 17 is loaded onto the roller 38 of the first transfer rail 33 by hand pressing, and then corresponds to the pair of second transfer rails 35. Move to position. In this state, the second hydraulic control lever 45B is operated to switch the roller 38 of the second transport rail 35 from the lowered position to the raised position, and the first hydraulic control lever 45A is operated to operate the first transport rail 33. The roller 38 is switched from the raised position to the lowered position. Then, the multi-axis head 17 is moved to the saddle 15 side by manual operation so that the back surface 17a of the multi-axis head 17 approaches the front side surface 15a of the saddle 15, and the positioning pin 21 is inserted into the positioning hole 15b. 20 is connected, and the clamp mechanism 22 is switched from the unclamped state to the clamped state.

  Subsequently, the second hydraulic control lever 45B is operated to switch the roller 38 of the second transport rail 35 from the raised position to the lowered position, and the feed mechanism 13 is operated to move the machining unit 14 rearward. The shaft head 17 is retracted. Then, the coupler 42B connected to the tip of the pipe 44 of the hydraulic unit 43 is removed from the coupler 42A, and the bolt 34 is loosened to remove the first transport rail 33 from the rail pier 31 together with the second transport rail 35. . Finally, a coupler for piping (not shown) for supplying lubricating oil, air, coolant and the like supplied to the multi-axis head 17 is attached.

The replacement operation of the old and new multi-axis heads 17 is performed by the operation as described above.
According to the machine tool of the first embodiment, the following effects can be obtained.
(1) In the first embodiment, rail piers 31 are attached in advance to the upper surfaces of the left and right sides of the bed 11, and a pair of insertion recesses 31 a formed on both rail piers 31 are provided with the second transfer rails 35. The pair of first transport rails 33 are mounted as necessary. For this reason, the parts necessary for each machine tool are only a pair of rail piers 31, and the first transport rail 33, the second transport rail 35, and the hydraulic unit 43 that moves up and down the rollers 38 are one set. If there is, it can be used for all machine tools, and the necessary number of multi-axis head replacement jigs G can be reduced, and the material cost and manufacturing cost of the jigs can be reduced. Moreover, since the space for always installing the multi-axis head replacement jig G is not required, the machine tool can be reduced in size as compared with the conventional machine tool, and the entire production processing line can be saved. Can be realized.

  (2) In the first embodiment, since the roller conveyor is used for the first conveyance rail 33 and the second conveyance rail 35, the multi-axis head 17 can be easily conveyed by a manual pressing operation.

(3) In the first embodiment, since the bridging base is a pair of bridge piers 31 that are erected in advance on the left and right sides of the bed 11, the bridging work of the jig G is facilitated.
(4) In the first embodiment, the multi-axis head 17 is conveyed in the left-right direction and the front-rear direction by the first conveyance rail 33 and the second conveyance rail 35. In a machine tool that needs to move the multi-axis head 17 back and forth when removing and attaching the multi-axis head 17, the multi-axis head 17 is separated forward from the longitudinal saddle 15, and the multi-axis head 17 is moved forward by the second transfer rail 35. It is possible to move to one transport rail 33.

  (5) In the first embodiment, the rollers 38 of the first transport rail 33 and the second transport rail 35 are switched between the lowered position and the raised position by the position switching mechanism, respectively. The multi-axis head 17 can be transferred smoothly.

  Next, a second embodiment of a multi-axis head exchanging device embodying the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. Note that in the second embodiment, the description of the same parts as in the first embodiment will be simplified or omitted.

  In the second embodiment, when the multi-axis head 17 is attached to or detached from the longitudinal saddle 15 of the machine tool, the multi-axis head 17 is not separated forward from the longitudinal saddle 15 and guided and moved only in the left-right direction. It is embodied in a machine tool equipped with a dovetail groove type guide mechanism.

  As shown in FIGS. 8 and 10, a mounting board 51 is fixed to the front side surface 15a of the saddle 15 by bolts, and a block 52 that forms a lower dovetail groove V1 is formed at the lower part of the front surface of the mounting board 51. It is attached with bolts 53. A thick portion 51a is formed on the upper front surface of the mounting substrate 51, and a pair of left and right mounting plates 54 are attached to the front surface of the thick portion 51a with bolts 55 as shown in FIGS. Between both the mounting plates 54 and the mounting substrate 51, a pair of dovetail-forming blocks 56 having a slope 56a that forms the upper dovetail groove V2 is accommodated. As shown in FIG. 11, both the blocks 56 are formed with screw holes 56b and 56c in the opposite directions in the horizontal direction, and both screw holes 56b and 56c are male screw portions 57a of reverse screws formed on the operation bolts 57. 57b are screwed together. Both end portions of the operation bolt 57 are rotatably supported at predetermined positions by support holes 58a of bearing plates 58 fixed to both end surfaces of the mounting substrate 51 with bolts. An operation portion 57c is formed at one end of the operation bolt 57 and is rotated by a tool. The lower surface of the thick part 51a is a slope 51b as shown in FIGS. 11 and 12, and the upper end surfaces of both blocks 56 are slopes 56d so as to be in contact with the slope 51b.

  As shown in FIG. 10, dovetail plates 59 are fixed to the back surface of the multi-axis head 17 by bolts 60, and ants 59a and 59b formed at both upper and lower ends of the dovetail plate 59 are left and right of the dovetail grooves V1 and V2. It is engaged so as to be able to reciprocate in the direction. 11 and FIG. 12, when the operation portion 57c of the operation bolt 57 is rotated and the blocks 56 are moved in a direction in which the blocks 56 approach each other, the slope 56a of the block 56 is formed on the dovetail 59b of the dovetail plate 59. The multi-axis head 17 is fixed to the longitudinally moving saddle 15 by being pressed against the slope.

  As shown in FIGS. 9 and 12, positioning members 61, 62 are attached to the left and right end faces of the mounting substrate 51 with hexagon socket bolts 63, and the positioning members 61, 62 are attached to the left and right end faces of the dovetail plate 59. The dovetail plate 59 is positioned at the reference position. The positioning of the dovetail plate 59 is released by loosening the bolt 63 using a hexagon wrench and rotating the positioning members 61 and 62 from the position corresponding to the dovetail groove V1 shown in FIG. .

  As shown in FIG. 8, the drive clutch pawl 20a constituting the clutch mechanism 20 is engaged with the driven clutch pawl 20b and the dovetail plate 59, and operates a clutch switching lever 64 provided on the main shaft motor 18 side. As a result, the drive clutch pawl 20a is separated rearward from the driven clutch pawl 20b. Accordingly, the ants 59a and 59b of the ant plate 59 can be guided and moved in the left-right direction in the ant grooves V1 and V2.

Next, the operation of the exchange device for the multi-axis head 17 of the second embodiment configured as described above will be described.
FIG. 8A shows that the first transport rail 33 and the second transport rail 35 are removed from the rail pier 31 and the multi-axis head 17 is mounted on the longitudinal saddle 15 so that the machining unit 14 is moved in the front-rear direction. A state in which the workpiece can be machined by the tool T is shown.

  When the machining of the workpiece by the tool T is completed and the multi-axis head 17 is replaced, the machining unit 14 having the multi-axis head 17 mounted on the saddle 15 is retracted as shown in FIG. As shown in FIG. 13, the two first transfer rails 33 separated into the fitting recesses 31 a and 31 a of the rail pier 31 fixed to the bed 11 in advance are bridged and supported, and the piping 44 of the hydraulic unit 43 is provided. The coupler 42B connected to the tip of the first rail is connected to the coupler 42A of the first transport rail 33. Thereafter, the machining unit 14 is advanced, and the lower surface of the multi-axis head 17 is moved immediately above the first transport rail 33 as shown in FIG. In this state, a gap is formed between the first transport rail 33 and the lower surface of the multiaxial head 17.

  Next, a coupler for supply piping such as lubricating oil, air, and coolant (not shown) supplied to the multi-axis head 17 is removed, and the switching lever 64 is operated to disengage the drive clutch pawl 20a of the clutch mechanism 20 from the driven clutch pawl. Separated backward from 20b. Further, the bolts 63 of the positioning members 61 and 62 in the left and right direction of the multi-axis head 17 shown in FIG. 12 are loosened, and the positioning members 61 and 62 are rotated to the retracted position away from the dovetail grooves V1 and V2. Subsequently, the operation portion 57c of the operation bolt 57 is rotated using a tool, both blocks 56 are moved away from each other in FIG. 11, and the dovetail 59a pressing (clamping) of the dovetail plate 59 by the block 56 is performed. To release. As a result, the connected state between the longitudinal saddle 15 and the multi-axis head 17 is released.

  Next, in FIG. 8B, the roller 38 of the first transport rail 33 is raised, and the lower surface of the multiaxial head 17 is supported by a plurality of rollers 38. In this state, the multi-axis head 17 is moved to the right in FIG. 9 by the roller 38 of the first transport rail 33 by a manual pushing operation, and the multi-axis head 17 is transferred to the unloading carriage 47.

  After that, the multi-axis head 17 is moved rightward on the roller 38 of the first transport rail 33 from the loading carriage 46 on which the new multi-axis head 17 is mounted. Then, the multi-axis head 17 is further moved to the right, and the ants 59a and 59b of the dovetail plate 59 of the multi-axis head 17 are inserted into the dovetail grooves V1 and V2. Next, after the position of the multi-axis head 17 is set to a normal mounting position by the positioning members 61 and 62, the operation bolt 57 is rotated by using a tool, and both blocks 56 approach each other in FIGS. The ant 59a of the dovetail plate 59 is pressed (clamped) by the block 56. Thereafter, the switching lever 64 is operated to switch the clutch mechanism 20 from the power-off state to the power-on state. Next, after the machining unit 14 is retracted, the roller 38 of the first transport rail 33 is switched from the raised position to the lowered position, and the coupler 42B connected to the tip of the pipe 44 of the hydraulic unit 43 is removed from the coupler 42A. Then, loosen the bolt 34. Then, the first transfer rail 33 is removed from the rail pier 31. Finally, a coupler for piping (not shown) for supplying lubricating oil, air, coolant and the like supplied to the multi-axis head 17 is attached.

The old and new multi-axis heads 17 are exchanged by the operation as described above.
Therefore, according to the second embodiment, in addition to the effects described in the first embodiment, the following effects can be obtained.

  (1) In the second embodiment, with respect to the front surface of the saddle 15, the multi-axis head 17 is moved only in the left-right direction by the dovetail groove type guide mechanism, and the multi-axis head 17 is attached and detached. For this reason, the multi-axis head 17 can be quickly attached and detached by moving the multi-axis head 17 only in the left-right direction by the guide mechanism.

(2) In the second embodiment, since the configuration of the multi-axis head replacement jig G is configured by only the pair of first transport rails 33, the structure of the jig G can be further simplified. .
In addition, you may change this embodiment as follows.

  In the first embodiment, the second transport rail 35 attached to the first transport rail 33 may be omitted. In this case, the machining unit 14 is moved in the front-rear direction, and the multi-axis head 17 is moved above the pair of first conveyance rails 33. Next, the cylinder 40 is operated to raise the raising / lowering bar 37 and the roller 38 of the first conveying rail 33, and the lower surface of the multiaxial head 17 is supported by the roller 38. In this state, after the clamp mechanism 22 is switched to the unclamped state, the feed mechanism 13 is operated to move the saddle 15 rearward while the multi-axis head 17 is placed on the first transport rail 33.

  The rail pier 31 may be mounted on the mounting seat 11d only when the multi-axis head 17 is replaced. In this case, the mounting seat 11d serves as a bridging base, and the rail pier 31 and the first and second transport rails 33 and 35 serve as the multi-axis head replacement jig G. Therefore, in this embodiment, the configuration of the cross-linking base on the bed 11 side can be simplified.

Instead of the rollers 38 of the first transport rail 33 and the second transport rail 35, steel balls may be used, or a belt hung on a pulley may be used.
In place of the lifting bar 37, the roller 38, and the shaft 39, an automatic transport mechanism that transports the multi-axis head 17 by a motor may be used.

The rail pier 31 may be integrally formed in advance when the bed 11 is formed.
A stopper that restricts the forward movement of the multiaxial head 17 may be provided at the front end of the second transport rail 35 shown in FIG.

  The present invention may be embodied in a machine tool in which a lifting saddle is attached to the longitudinal saddle 15 and the multi-axis head 17 is attached to the lifting saddle. In this case, the position switching mechanism for the rollers 38 of the first transport rail 33 and the second transport rail 35 is not required, and the configuration of the multi-axis head replacement jig G is simplified to reduce the cost. Can do.

  The present invention may be embodied in a machine tool in which a lateral movement saddle is attached to the longitudinal movement saddle 15 and the multi-axis head 17 is attached to the lateral movement saddle.

The right view which shows 1st Embodiment which actualized the machine tool of this invention. The right view of the machine tool which shows the state which similarly attached the rail for 1st conveyance to the pier for rails. The right view of the machine tool which shows the state which removed the multi-axis head from the back-and-forth motion saddle. The top view of the machine tool which shows the state which removed the multi-axis head from the back-and-forth motion saddle. The perspective view which similarly shows the jig | tool for replacement | exchange of a bed and a multi-axis head. FIG. 4 is a partially omitted vertical cross-sectional view of a transport rail. (A) is an enlarged cross-sectional view in which the roller of the conveyance rail is in the lowered position, and (b) is an enlarged cross-sectional view in which the roller is in the raised position. (A) is the right view which retracted the processing unit of the machine tool which shows 2nd Embodiment of this invention, (b) is the right view which advanced. The top view of a machine tool. The right side view of the machine tool which shows the state which similarly separated the multi-axis head from the longitudinal saddle. The front view which shows the guide mechanism of a multi-axis head. The isolation | separation perspective view which shows a mounting board | substrate, a block, an operation volt | bolt, and a dovetail plate. The perspective view which shows the jig | tool for multi-axis head exchange.

Explanation of symbols

  G ... Multi-axis head replacement jig, 11 ... Bed, 11a ... Upper surface, 11d ... Mounting seat, 15 ... Longitudinal saddle, 15a ... Front side, 17 ... Multi-axis head, 31 ... Rail pier, 33 ... First Rail for conveyance, 35 ... Second rail for conveyance, 36 ... Rail body, 38 ... Roller, 46 ... Carriage for carrying in, 47 ... Carriage for carrying out.

Claims (9)

In a machine tool in which a back and forth saddle is mounted on the upper surface of the bed so as to be able to reciprocate back and forth by a back and forth movement mechanism, and a multi-axis head is detachably mounted on the front side surface of the saddle.
A pair of bridging bases for bridging a multi-axis head replacement jig that supports the lower surface of the multi-axis head and conveys the head in the left-right direction are provided on the left and right sides of the bed. Machine tool to do. 2. The machine tool according to claim 1, wherein the bridging base is a mounting seat formed on the upper surfaces of the left and right sides of the bed. The machine tool according to claim 1, wherein the bridging base is a pair of bridge piers provided in advance on both left and right sides of the bed. A multi-axis head replacement jig mounted on the cross-linking base of the machine tool according to claim 1, wherein the replacement jig can transport the multi-axis head in the left-right direction. A multi-axis head replacement jig used for a machine tool, characterized in that it is configured as described above. 5. The machine tool according to claim 4, wherein the multi-axis head replacement jig includes a pair of front and rear parallel conveying rails that are bridged in the left-right direction with respect to the both bridging bases. Multi-axis head replacement jig to be used. 6. The multi-axis head replacement jig according to claim 5, wherein a pair of left and right parallel second transport rails are bridged in the front-rear direction on the first transport rails. 7. The transport rail according to claim 5, wherein the transport rail includes a rail body, a lifting bar configured to be switchable between a lowered position and a raised position with respect to the rail body by a position switching mechanism, A multi-axis head replacement jig for use in a machine tool, comprising a plurality of rollers mounted on a bar and supporting the lower surface of the multi-axis head. A machine tool comprising the machine tool according to any one of claims 1 to 3 and the multi-axis head replacement jig according to any one of claims 4 to 7. unit. In a machine tool in which a back and forth saddle is mounted on the upper surface of the bed so as to be able to reciprocate back and forth by a back and forth movement mechanism, and a multi-axis head is detachably mounted on the front side surface of the saddle.
A step of bridging a multi-axis head replacement jig for supporting and transporting a lower surface of the multi-axis head with respect to a bridging base provided on both left and right sides of the bed;
Separating the multi-axis head from the longitudinal saddle and transferring it onto the multi-axis head replacement jig;
A step of transferring the multi-axis head on the multi-axis head replacement jig to an unloading cart arranged on the side of the machine tool;
A step of moving the multi-axis head to a forward / backward movement saddle and mounting the multi-axis head on the saddle after the multi-axis head on the loading carriage arranged on the side of the machine tool is transferred onto the multi-axis head replacement jig; When,
Removing the jig for exchanging the multi-axis head from the bridging base, and replacing the multi-axis head in a machine tool.

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