JP2007310506A - Environmental information capture management system inside residence - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain an environmental information capture management system in a residence capable of externally and easily capturing and managing information on a defect and a crack of a wall, rain leakage, distortion and the like resulting from a secular change and information on dew condensation, a temperature, vibration and the like resulting from a life or a natural phenomenon in architectural structure such as the residence, accurately specifying a problematic part, alarming when there is emergency, and also inexpensively carrying out system construction. <P>SOLUTION: An RFID tag with a sensor function is installed in a required part on the inner surface of the wall, under a roof, an attic, a house bottom and the like in the architectural structure such as the residence, furthermore, one or more of a crack sensor, a rain leakage sensor, a distortion detection sensor, a dew condensation detection sensor, a fire detection sensor and an oscillation detection sensor is connected to the RFID tag with the sensor function, a data reading command is transmitted to the RFID tag with the sensor function from an external reader, a reflected wave superimposed with measurement data is received and the measurement data are read. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2008,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention provides information on wall cracks, rain leaks, distortions, etc., which are caused by defects and secular changes in buildings such as houses, and information on condensation, fires, vibrations, etc., which are caused by living and natural phenomena. The present invention relates to an in-house environmental information acquisition management system that can be easily acquired and managed from the outside.

  Conventionally, in buildings such as houses (including buildings such as condominiums and buildings, hereinafter simply referred to as houses), wall cracks, rain leaks, distortions, etc. occur due to structural defects and secular changes due to long-term use. However, condensation and fires occurred depending on the living conditions, and further shakes due to earthquakes, etc., caused various problems such as aging and increased damage during disasters. For this reason, housing manufacturers and maintenance companies periodically visit the homes to perform maintenance inspections, and the owners of the houses also perform their own maintenance inspections.

  However, maintenance inspections by the above-mentioned housing manufacturers, maintenance companies, and owners of the houses are mainly visual inspections, and there are cases in which problems are missed depending on the degree of skill. In addition, maintenance and inspection on the inner surface of the wall, the ceiling, and the attic cannot be easily performed, and there are many cases where a problem portion cannot be found.

  For this reason, for example, in “Housing Management Method” of Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2002-140774, a house is built using a building material in which an optical fiber is embedded, and the optical fiber is also applied to the inner surface of the wall, the ceiling, the attic, the floor, and the like. A method for acquiring information on housing distortion, water leakage, condensation, fire, etc. by monitoring the time-dependent change of the signal transmission characteristics of the optical fiber with a host computer connected via a network. Are listed.

  Further, in “Building Structure Damage Detection Device” of Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2006-029931, an RF analog circuit for performing modulation / demodulation of a signal transmitted by an electromagnetic wave carrier wave and generation of a DC power source, a logic circuit for controlling chip operation , Strain sensor signal amplification circuit and strain sensor circuit on the same silicon substrate are placed inside or on the surface of the building structure, and the strain data is measured with a reader to detect damage to the building structure. How to do is described.

JP 2002-140774 A JP 2006-029931 A

  However, the one described in JP-A-2002-140774 uses a special building material in which an optical fiber is embedded in order to obtain information on the distortion of a house, and further provides information on water leakage, condensation, fire, etc. of the house. Since it is necessary to lay the optical fiber on the inner surface of the wall, the ceiling, and the attic to obtain it, there is a problem that the construction cost becomes high due to the laying of expensive building materials and optical fibers and the installation of connection devices and analysis devices. was there. Furthermore, there is a problem that it is difficult to accurately detect the position of the problem location.

  Further, in the above-mentioned Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2006-029931, there is a case where an RF analog circuit, a logic circuit, an amplifier circuit, and a strain sensor circuit for transmitting measurement data with an external reader are formed on the same silicon substrate. However, the outer dimension of the silicon substrate is very small, about several millimeters square, and even if it is installed or buried on the surface of concrete, building materials, etc., distortion cannot be detected and measurement is impossible. In addition, since the electric power generated from the electromagnetic waves is very small, it is difficult to directly drive the amplifier circuit, the strain sensor circuit, and the like. Therefore, it cannot be implemented industrially. Further, when a specific sensor circuit is formed on the same silicon substrate, there is a problem that versatility is lost and the device price is increased.

  The present invention has been made to solve the above problems, and information on wall cracks, rain leaks, distortions, etc., which are caused by defects and secular changes in buildings such as houses, life and natural phenomena. The information such as condensation, temperature, vibration, etc. that accompanies the incident can be easily acquired and managed from the outside, so that if the problem location is accurately identified and urgent, an alarm can be issued, and the system construction is inexpensive The purpose is to provide an in-house environmental information acquisition management system that can be implemented.

  In order to solve the above-mentioned problem, in the in-house environmental information acquisition management system of the present invention, an RFID (Radio Frequency Identification) tag with a sensor function is provided at a necessary location such as the inner surface of a wall, a ceiling, an attic, or a floor under a building such as a house. In addition, one or more of a crack detection sensor, rain leak detection sensor, strain detection sensor, dew condensation detection sensor, fire detection sensor, and vibration detection sensor are connected to the RFID tag with the sensor function from an external reader. A data reading command is transmitted to the RFID tag with the sensor function, and a reflected wave on which the measurement data is superimposed is received to read the measurement data.

  The above-mentioned reader is a handy reader that can be moved and measured arbitrarily. After the measurement is completed, the reader is connected to the Internet via the Internet terminal, and the measurement data is transmitted to and stored in a server in the management center connected to the Internet. Analysis processing is performed, and the obtained analysis result is transmitted to the Internet terminal.

  The reader is a fixed reader installed at a predetermined position, connected to an Internet terminal via a PLC (Power Line Communication) modem and connected to the Internet via the Internet terminal. The measurement data is transmitted to and stored in a server in the management center and analysis processing is performed, and the obtained analysis result is transmitted to the Internet terminal.

  In the above Internet terminal, information such as wall cracks, rain leaks, distortion, condensation, fire, vibration, etc. is displayed based on the analysis result transmitted from the server. Raise an alarm.

  According to the residential environment information acquisition and management system of the present invention, an inexpensive RFID tag with a sensor function is installed by connecting necessary sensors to necessary portions such as the inner surface of a wall, a ceiling, an attic, and an underfloor in a building such as a house. By reading measurement data from an external reader, information such as wall cracks, rain leaks, distortion, condensation, temperature, vibration, etc. can be easily acquired and managed. In some cases, an alarm can be issued, and the system can be built at a low cost.

  The best mode for carrying out the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a method for installing an RFID tag with a sensor function in an in-house environmental information acquisition management system of the present invention. An RFID tag 1 with a sensor function connected to a sensor 2 is connected to an outer wall 3 and an inner wall 5 of the house. The state installed in the surface by the side of the outer wall 3 of the space formed in the space | interval 4 in between is shown. In the figure, the outer wall 3 is ALC (lightweight cellular concrete) and the inner wall 5 is an image of a gypsum board, but any material may be used without being limited to this configuration.

  Here, the RFID tag 1 with the sensor function is installed in a necessary place such as the inner wall of the house, the ceiling, the attic, the floor, and the like. Further, the RFID tag 1 with the sensor function has a crack detection sensor, a rain leak detection sensor, and a distortion detection. At least one sensor 2 of any one of a sensor, a dew condensation detection sensor, a fire detection sensor, and a vibration detection sensor is connected, and a data read command is transmitted from the external reader to the RFID tag 1 with the sensor function, and the measurement data is superimposed. Receive the reflected wave and read the measurement data.

  A strain gauge, a magnetic sensor, etc. can be used as the crack detection sensor and strain detection sensor, a conductive sensor, a humidity sensor, etc. can be used as a rain leak detection sensor and a dew condensation detection sensor, and a temperature sensor such as a thermistor is used as a fire detection sensor. Further, an electrodynamic acceleration sensor or the like can be used as the vibration detection sensor, but any of them is not limited to the sensor.

  2A and 2B are diagrams illustrating the principle of strain measurement in the residential environment information acquisition management system of the present invention. FIG. 2A shows a state in which the joint portion of the outer wall 3 is in the horizontal direction, and FIG. The direction state is shown. In any state, the strain detection sensor 2 is installed at the joint of the outer wall 3, and the sensor function RFID tag 1 including the sensor function RFID chip 19 and the antenna 20 is connected to the sensor 2. By reading the measurement data from an external reader, it is possible to measure vertical / horizontal distortion and longitudinal distortion indicated by arrows in the figure.

  FIG. 3 is a network configuration diagram in the first embodiment of the in-house environmental information acquisition management system of the present invention, which uses a handy reader 6 that can be arbitrarily moved and measured as an external reader. Here, when a maintenance inspection is performed by a housing manufacturer, a maintenance company, or the owner of the housing, the handy reader 6 is brought close to the RFID tag 1 with a sensor function installed on the inner surface of the inner wall 5 as shown in FIG. Then, wireless communication using electromagnetic induction or radio waves is performed, and measurement data corresponding to the type of sensor 2 is read. Next, after the measurement is completed, the handy reader 6 is relayed through the USB connector 9 and connected to the Internet 11 via the personal computer 10 as the Internet terminal, and the server 13 in the management center 12 connected to the Internet 11 is connected. The measurement data is transmitted and stored, analysis processing is performed, and the obtained analysis result is transmitted to the personal computer 10.

  FIG. 4 is a network configuration diagram in the second embodiment of the in-house environmental information acquisition management system of the present invention, which uses a fixed reader 16 installed at a predetermined position as an external reader. Reading of the measurement data according to the embodiment is automatically performed at an arbitrary or fixed period. In this case, the PLC modem 15 to which the fixed reader 16 is connected is installed in each block divided in advance and connected to the power line 14, and the RFID tag 1 with a sensor function installed in the block and wireless communication by electromagnetic induction or radio waves. The measurement data corresponding to the type of the sensor 2 is read. Next, after the measurement is finished, the PLC modem 15a having a master function is connected to the Internet 11 via the personal computer 10 as an Internet terminal, and the measurement data is transferred to the server 13 in the management center 12 connected to the Internet 11. Are transmitted and stored, and analysis processing is performed, and the obtained analysis result is transmitted to the personal computer 10.

  Further, in the personal computer 10 that is an Internet terminal, information such as wall cracks, rain leaks, distortions, condensation, fire, vibrations, etc. is displayed based on the analysis result transmitted from the server 13, and as an emergency case, for example, When it is determined that there is a high possibility of fire or when a place where damage is likely to occur due to vibration due to an earthquake is detected, an alarm is issued by the personal computer 10 as the Internet terminal or the alarm device 18 installed separately.

  Next, FIG. 5 is a circuit block diagram of an RFID tag with a sensor function used in the residential environment information acquisition management system of the present invention. The RFID tag 1 with a sensor function connects various sensors 2 to acquire various measurement data. The RFID chip 19 with a sensor function including the A / D conversion circuit 30 to be built and the antenna 20 is connected to the RF part of the RFID chip 19 with the sensor function.

  The antenna 20 performs radio communication with the handy reader 6 or the fixed reader 16 by electromagnetic induction or electromagnetic waves. Therefore, a tuning capacitor (not shown) inside the RFID tag 1 with sensor input function or partly outside the RFID tag 1 with sensor input function. The resonance circuit is configured by tuning to a carrier frequency used in the residential environment information acquisition management system of the present invention, for example, 13.56 MHz, 2.45 GHz, or 952 MHz band.

  In the subsequent stage of the tuning circuit 21, an induction or electromagnetic wave output from the antenna 7 of the handy reader 6 or the antenna 17 of the fixed reader 16 passes through the antenna 20 of the RFID tag 1 with sensor input function. A rectifier circuit 22 is connected to detect a voltage waveform of the electric power or to rectify the induced electromotive force by half wave or full wave to extract a DC voltage.

  Next, the rectifier circuit 22 is followed by a clock generation circuit 23 for dividing the detected carrier to generate a system clock, and a demodulation operation for extracting a signal from the carrier at the time of signal reception. A modulation / demodulation circuit 24 for performing a modulation operation by a switching element (not shown) at the time of transmission, and a power supply circuit for stabilizing the DC voltage and supplying a circuit power or supplying a charging voltage to the charging capacitor 26 25 is connected. The charging capacitor 26 is generally a ceramic capacitor, and an electric double layer capacitor is suitable when electric power is required, but is not particularly limited.

  Next, after the modulation / demodulation circuit 24, the ID data of the RFID tag 1 with the sensor input function for the control of the modulation / demodulation circuit 24 and FRAM (Ferroelectric RAM: registered trademark of Ramtron, USA) 28, which is a nonvolatile memory, A logic circuit 27 for controlling measurement data writing or reading control and A / D conversion circuit 30 is connected.

  The FRAM 28 is a ferroelectric nonvolatile memory, and the ID data, measurement data, etc. of the RFID tag 1 with sensor input function are not lost even when the circuit power is turned off. In addition, since the data write voltage does not need to be boosted to a high voltage unlike an EEPROM or a flash memory, the booster circuit is simplified. Further, the writing or reading speed is equivalent to that of DRAM, and is characterized by being much faster than EEPROM and flash memory. Thus, although FRAM28 is suitable as a non-volatile memory, you may use another memory.

  FIG. 6 is a detailed block diagram of the A / D conversion circuit in FIG. In the block diagram, a plurality of sensors 2 can be input. For example, a rain leak detection sensor is connected as the sensor 2a, a strain detection sensor is connected as the sensor 2b, and a vibration detection sensor is connected to the analog multiplexer 31 as the sensor 2c. Then, the selected input signal is scaled to an appropriate level by the scaler amplifier 32 and then connected to the A / D converter 33 to obtain measurement data.

  FIG. 7 is a circuit block diagram of a handy reader used in the in-house environment information acquisition management system of the present invention. The handy reader 6 performs antenna communication with the RFID tag 1 with a sensor function in order to perform wireless communication using electromagnetic induction or electromagnetic waves. , An RF communication circuit 34, a display control circuit 37 and an LCD monitor 8 for displaying read measurement data, a memory 36 for storing the measurement data and program data, and a measurement data by connecting to an Internet terminal via USB. In order to supply power to the USB interface circuit 38 and the circuit blocks, a battery 40 is connected to the power supply circuit 39.

  FIG. 8 is a diagram showing a method of using an RFID tag antenna with a sensor function as a sensor. (A) is an alternative method of a crack detection sensor or a strain detection sensor, and (b) is a rain leak detection sensor or condensation detection. An alternative to sensors. (A) has a structure in which tough sheets 42 and 42 are attached to both sides of the antenna 18a so that the central portion of the antenna 18a can be easily deformed or cut by a stress change. Here, when the antenna 18a having the above structure is installed in a place where it is desired to detect cracks or distortion, and the central portion of the antenna 18a is deformed or cut due to the occurrence of cracks or distortion, the antenna circuit is out of synchronization. Or, resonance stops and communication with the reader cannot be performed. Therefore, since the ID data of the RFID chip 17a with a sensor function that is known in advance cannot be read, it is possible to detect the occurrence of a relatively large crack or distortion. (B) has a structure in which moisture is easily absorbed by adhering a water absorbing sheet 41 to the entire surface of the antenna 18b. Here, the antenna 18b having the above structure is installed in a place where it is desired to detect rain leak or condensation, and when the entire surface of the antenna 18b is covered with moisture-absorbing sheet 42 due to the occurrence of rain leak or condensation, the carrier In a system using microwaves with a frequency of 2.45 GHz or 953 MHz, communication with the reader cannot be performed. Therefore, it is possible to detect the occurrence of rain leakage or dew condensation because the ID data of the RFID chip 17b with a sensor function that is known in advance cannot be read.

  Embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

  FIG. 9 is an arrangement and measurement state diagram of the RFID tag with a sensor function in the house in the first embodiment of the in-house environmental information acquisition management system of the present invention. In the figure, information on wall cracks, rain leaks, distortions, etc. due to structural defects and aging due to long-term use in general houses and information on condensation, fire, vibration, etc. that occur with life and natural phenomena At the time of construction, the back side of the roof 44, the back side of the ceiling 45, the inner surface of the joint portion of the bay window 46, the inner surface of the wall 47, the inner surface of the joint portion of the balcony 48, the water surrounding portion of the bathtub 49, the water surrounding portion of the system kitchen 50, etc. In addition, a plurality of RFID tags 1 having a sensor function to which various sensors 2 such as a crack detection sensor, a rain leak detection sensor, a strain detection sensor, a dew condensation detection sensor, a fire detection sensor, and a vibration detection sensor are connected are installed.

  Here, when a maintenance inspection is performed by a housing manufacturer, a maintenance company, or an owner of the housing, the handy reader 6 is brought close to the RFID tag 1 with a sensor function whose installation position is known in advance, so that the type of the sensor 2 is adjusted. The measured data can be read. After the measurement, as described in the explanation of FIG. 3, the handy reader 6 is relayed through the USB connector 9 and connected to the Internet 11 via the personal computer 10 as the Internet terminal, and the management center connected to the Internet 11 is connected. The measurement data is transmitted to and stored in the server 13 in 12 and analysis processing is performed, and the obtained analysis result is transmitted to the personal computer 10.

  Next, on the personal computer 10 which is an Internet terminal, information such as cracks in the wall, rain leakage, distortion, condensation, fire, vibration, etc. is displayed based on the analysis result transmitted from the server 13. When it is determined that there is a high possibility of fire or fire, or when a place where damage is likely to occur due to vibration due to an earthquake is detected, the PC 10 as the Internet terminal or the alarm device 18 installed separately is used to issue an alarm. This makes it easy to manage the house.

  FIG. 10 is an arrangement and measurement state diagram of an RFID tag with a sensor function in a house in the second embodiment of the in-house environment information acquisition management system of the present invention. In the figure, information on wall cracks, rain leaks, distortions, etc. due to structural defects and aging due to long-term use in general houses and information on condensation, fire, vibration, etc. that occur with life and natural phenomena At the time of construction, the back side of the roof 44, the back side of the ceiling 45, the inner surface of the joint portion of the bay window 46, the inner surface of the wall 47, the inner surface of the joint portion of the balcony 48, the water surrounding portion of the bathtub 49, the water surrounding portion of the system kitchen 50, etc. In addition, a plurality of RFID tags 1 with a sensor function to which various sensors 2 such as a crack detection sensor, a rain leak detection sensor, a strain detection sensor, a dew condensation detection sensor, a fire detection sensor, and a vibration detection sensor are connected are installed. The PLC modem 15 to which the 16 is connected is installed for each block divided in advance and connected to the power line 14.

  In this embodiment, the measurement data is automatically read at an arbitrary or fixed period, depending on the type of sensor 2 connected to the RFID tag 1 with sensor function installed in the block by the fixed reader 16. The measured data can be read automatically. After the measurement is finished, as described in the explanation of FIG. 4, the PLC modem 15 a having the master function is connected to the Internet 11 through the personal computer 10 as the Internet terminal, and the management center 12 connected to the Internet 11 is connected. The measurement data is transmitted to and stored in the server 13 and analysis processing is performed, and the obtained analysis result is transmitted to the personal computer 10.

  Next, on the personal computer 10 which is an Internet terminal, information such as cracks in the wall, rain leakage, distortion, condensation, fire, vibration, etc. is displayed based on the analysis result transmitted from the server 13. When it is determined that there is a high possibility of fire or fire, or when a place where damage is likely to occur due to vibration due to an earthquake is detected, the PC 10 as the Internet terminal or the alarm device 18 installed separately is used to issue an alarm. This makes it easy to manage the house.

It is the figure which showed the installation method of the RFID tag with a sensor function in the in-house environmental information acquisition management system of this invention. It is a principle diagram of distortion measurement in the residential environment information acquisition management system of the present invention. It is a network block diagram in the 1st Example of the in-house environmental information acquisition management system of this invention. It is a network block diagram in the 2nd Example of the environmental information acquisition management system in a house of this invention. It is a circuit block diagram of the RFID tag with a sensor function used with the in-house environmental information acquisition management system of this invention. FIG. 6 is a detailed block diagram of the A / D conversion circuit in FIG. 5. It is a circuit block diagram of the handy reader used with the in-house environmental information acquisition management system of this invention. It is the figure which showed the method of utilizing the antenna of the RFID tag with a sensor function as a sensor. It is arrangement | positioning and a measurement state figure of the RFID tag with a sensor function to the house in the 1st Example of the in-house environmental information acquisition management system of this invention. It is arrangement | positioning and a measurement state figure of the RFID tag with a sensor function to the house in the 2nd Example of the environmental information acquisition management system in a house of this invention.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 RFID tag with a sensor function 2 Sensor 3 Outer wall 4 Column 5 Inner wall 6 Handy reader 7 Antenna 8 LCD monitor 9 USB connector 10 Personal computer 11 Internet 12 Management center 13 Server 14 Power line 15 PLC modem 16 Fixed reader 17 Antenna 18 Alarm device 19 Sensor function RFID chip with 20 antenna 21 tuning circuit 22 rectifier circuit 23 clock generation circuit 24 modulation / demodulation circuit 25 power supply circuit 26 capacitor for charging 27 logic circuit 28 FRAM
29 Signal terminal 30 A / D conversion circuit 31 Analog multiplexer 32 Scaler amplifier 33 A / D converter 34 RF communication circuit 35 CPU
36 memory 37 display control circuit 38 USB interface circuit 39 power supply circuit 40 battery 41 toughness sheet 42 water absorption sheet 43 house 44 roof 45 ceiling 46 bay window 47 wall 48 balcony 49 bathtub 50 system kitchen

Claims (6)

  An RFID tag with a sensor function is installed at a necessary location such as the inner surface of a wall, a ceiling, an attic, or under the floor in a building such as a house. Further, the RFID tag with a sensor function has a crack detection sensor, a rain leak detection sensor, a distortion detection sensor, Connect one or more of a condensation detection sensor, a fire detection sensor, or a vibration detection sensor, send a data read command from an external reader to the RFID tag with the sensor function, and receive a reflected wave on which measurement data is superimposed Residential environment information acquisition management system characterized by reading measurement data.   The reader according to claim 1 is a handy reader that can be moved and measured arbitrarily. After the measurement is completed, the reader is connected to the Internet via the Internet terminal, and the measurement data is transmitted to the server in the management center connected to the Internet. A residential environment information acquisition and management system characterized by transmitting and storing and performing analysis processing and transmitting the obtained analysis result to the Internet terminal.   The reader according to claim 1 is a fixed reader installed at a predetermined position. The reader is connected to an Internet terminal via a PLC modem and connected to the Internet via the Internet terminal. A home environment information acquisition management system characterized by transmitting and storing measurement data to a server in a management center, performing analysis processing, and transmitting the obtained analysis result to the Internet terminal.   In the Internet terminal according to claim 2 or 3, when displaying information such as cracks, rain leaks, distortion, condensation, fire, vibration, etc. on the basis of the analysis result transmitted from the server, it has urgency Is a system for acquiring and managing residential environment information, characterized in that an alarm is issued by the Internet terminal or an alarm device.   By attaching a tough sheet on both sides of the antenna and making the central part of the antenna easily deformed or cut by a stress change, it is possible to detect the occurrence of cracks and distortion without using a sensor. In-house environmental information acquisition management system.   By installing a water-absorbing sheet on the entire surface of the antenna so that moisture can be easily absorbed, rain leakage and condensation can be achieved without using sensors in systems using microwaves with carrier frequencies of 2.45 GHz or 953 MHz. Residential environment information acquisition management system characterized by being able to detect the occurrence of

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