JP2007303617A - Roller bearing - Google Patents

Roller bearing Download PDF

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Publication number
JP2007303617A
JP2007303617A JP2006134640A JP2006134640A JP2007303617A JP 2007303617 A JP2007303617 A JP 2007303617A JP 2006134640 A JP2006134640 A JP 2006134640A JP 2006134640 A JP2006134640 A JP 2006134640A JP 2007303617 A JP2007303617 A JP 2007303617A
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JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
inner ring
bearing
shaft
roller bearing
ring
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Pending
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JP2006134640A
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Japanese (ja)
Inventor
Tatsuo Kawase
達夫 川瀬
Takatsugu Furubayashi
卓嗣 古林
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NTN Corp
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NTN Corp
NTN Toyo Bearing Co Ltd
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Application filed by NTN Corp, NTN Toyo Bearing Co Ltd filed Critical NTN Corp
Priority to JP2006134640A priority Critical patent/JP2007303617A/en
Publication of JP2007303617A publication Critical patent/JP2007303617A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16CSHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C33/00Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
    • F16C33/30Parts of ball or roller bearings
    • F16C33/46Cages for rollers or needles
    • F16C33/51Cages for rollers or needles formed of unconnected members
    • F16C33/513Cages for rollers or needles formed of unconnected members formed of arcuate segments for carrying one or more rollers
    • F16C33/516Cages for rollers or needles formed of unconnected members formed of arcuate segments for carrying one or more rollers with two segments, e.g. double-split cages with two semicircular parts
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16CSHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C27/00Elastic or yielding bearings or bearing supports, for exclusively rotary movement
    • F16C27/04Ball or roller bearings, e.g. with resilient rolling bodies
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16CSHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C19/00Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement
    • F16C19/22Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing rollers essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows, e.g. needle bearings
    • F16C19/24Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing rollers essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows, e.g. needle bearings for radial load mainly
    • F16C19/26Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing rollers essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows, e.g. needle bearings for radial load mainly with a single row of rollers
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16CSHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C9/00Bearings for crankshafts or connecting-rods; Attachment of connecting-rods

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Support Of The Bearing (AREA)
  • Rolling Contact Bearings (AREA)

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a roller bearing capable of absorbing and damping a fluctuating load and of reducing vibration and noise. <P>SOLUTION: A roller bearing is equipped with an inner ring 2 keeping a shaft 5 inserted into an inner periphery and a plurality of rollers 3 coming into rolling-contact with the outer peripheral surface of the inner ring 2. In the bearing, a clearance 6 is formed between the inner ring 2 and the shaft 5 to form an oil film over the clearance 6. The inner ring 2 has flexibility. By employing the oil film formed between the inner ring 2 and the shaft 5, a fluctuating load from the shaft 5 is absorbed and damped to reduce vibration and noise. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2008,JPO&INPIT

Description

この発明は、特に自動車用エンジンのクランク軸やカムシャフトの支持部、あるいはコンロッドとクランク軸およびピストンとの連結部等のような変動荷重を受ける箇所に使用するに適したころ軸受に関する。   The present invention relates to a roller bearing suitable for use in a place where a variable load is received, such as a support portion of a crankshaft or a camshaft of an automobile engine or a connecting portion of a connecting rod, a crankshaft and a piston.

図4は自動車用エンジンのクランク軸およびコンロッドを示している。クランク軸10は、回転中心軸10aと、バランスウェイト10bと、クランクピン10cとで構成され、回転中心軸10aが軸受12により回転自在に支持されている。コンロッド11は、両端の大径端部11aおよび小径端部11bにそれぞれピン挿入穴11cが形成されており、大径端部11aのピン挿入穴11cには前記クランクピン10cがコンロッド11に対して軸受13を介して回転自在に挿入され、小径端部11bのピン挿入穴11cにはピストンピン(図示せず)が軸受(図示せず)を介してコンロッド11に対して回転自在に挿入されている。   FIG. 4 shows a crankshaft and a connecting rod of an automobile engine. The crankshaft 10 includes a rotation center shaft 10a, a balance weight 10b, and a crankpin 10c. The rotation center shaft 10a is rotatably supported by a bearing 12. The connecting rod 11 has pin insertion holes 11c formed in the large-diameter end portion 11a and the small-diameter end portion 11b at both ends, respectively. A piston pin (not shown) is rotatably inserted into the connecting rod 11 via a bearing (not shown) in a pin insertion hole 11c of the small diameter end portion 11b. Yes.

上記クランク軸10の支持部に用いられる軸受12や、コンロッド11とクランク軸10の連結部に用いられる軸受13は、ピストンの爆発的な往復運動に伴う変動荷重を受ける。このため、上記軸受としてころ軸受または針状ころ軸受が使用される場合、振動や騒音が大きいという問題がある。この問題は、カムシャフトを支持する軸受についても言える。   The bearing 12 used for the support portion of the crankshaft 10 and the bearing 13 used for the connecting portion between the connecting rod 11 and the crankshaft 10 are subjected to a variable load accompanying the explosive reciprocation of the piston. For this reason, when a roller bearing or a needle roller bearing is used as the bearing, there is a problem that vibration and noise are large. This problem can also be applied to the bearing that supports the camshaft.

この問題に対する従来技術として、転がり軸受のアウターレースの外周面とシャフト穴内周面との間にオイルフィルム部を形成して騒音の防止を図ったものがある(特許文献1)。   As a prior art for this problem, there is one in which an oil film portion is formed between an outer peripheral surface of an outer race of a rolling bearing and an inner peripheral surface of a shaft hole to prevent noise (Patent Document 1).

また、クランク軸の主支承装置の製造および組立を容易にするために、クランク軸支持用軸受を、外輪に当たるハーフシェルが分割され、それがスリットの設けられた弾性的リングで取り囲んだ構造とした従来技術がある(特許文献2)。
特開平6−229415号公報 特表2002−525533号公報
In order to facilitate the manufacture and assembly of the crankshaft main bearing device, the crankshaft support bearing has a structure in which a half shell that hits the outer ring is divided and surrounded by an elastic ring provided with a slit. There exists a prior art (patent document 2).
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 6-229415 JP-T-2002-525533

特許文献1に記載の軸受は、アウターレースの外周面とシャフト穴内周面との間に均一間隔の間隙を形成し、その間隙に潤滑油を充填してオイルフィルムとしたものである。この構成は、オイルフィルムのクッション作用は得られるものの、クランクシャフトが転動体に直接接触するため、クランクシャフトの変動荷重の影響を軸受全体が受けやすい。このため、クランク軸の支持部や、コンロッドとクランク軸の連結部等のように、軸からの変動荷重を受ける箇所に使用した場合、振動や騒音の低減を十分に達成することはできない。   The bearing described in Patent Document 1 has a uniform gap between the outer peripheral surface of the outer race and the inner peripheral surface of the shaft hole, and is filled with lubricating oil to form an oil film. In this configuration, although the cushion action of the oil film is obtained, the crankshaft is in direct contact with the rolling elements, so that the entire bearing is easily affected by the fluctuating load of the crankshaft. For this reason, when it is used at a location that receives a variable load from the shaft, such as a support portion of the crankshaft or a connecting portion between the connecting rod and the crankshaft, vibration and noise cannot be sufficiently reduced.

この発明の目的は、変動荷重を吸収、減衰させることができて、振動や騒音の少ないころ軸受を提供することである。
この発明の他の目的は、軸受の組立の容易化を図ることである。
An object of the present invention is to provide a roller bearing that can absorb and dampen a fluctuating load and has less vibration and noise.
Another object of the present invention is to facilitate the assembly of the bearing.

この発明のころ軸受は、軸が内周に挿通される内輪と、この内輪の外周面に転接する複数のころとを備えるころ軸受において、前記内輪と軸との間に油膜を形成したことを特徴とする。
この構成とすると、内輪と軸との間に形成された油膜によるスクイズフィルムダンパの作用が生じて、軸からの変動荷重を吸収、減衰させることができ、ころと内輪との接触部、ならびに外輪を有する場合はころと外輪との接触部で生じる振動を軽減し、軸受の騒音を抑えることができる。
The roller bearing of the present invention is a roller bearing comprising an inner ring through which the shaft is inserted into the inner periphery and a plurality of rollers in rolling contact with the outer periphery of the inner ring, wherein an oil film is formed between the inner ring and the shaft. Features.
With this configuration, an action of a squeeze film damper is generated by an oil film formed between the inner ring and the shaft, so that the fluctuating load from the shaft can be absorbed and damped, the contact portion between the roller and the inner ring, and the outer ring When it has, it can reduce the vibration which arises in the contact part of a roller and an outer ring | wheel, and can suppress the noise of a bearing.

この発明において、前記内輪が可撓性を有するものであるのが好ましい。内輪に可撓性を持たせるため、例えば、前記内輪を、鉄鋼よりも弾性係数の小さい材料からなるものとすることができる。
内輪が可撓性を有すると、油膜の保持機能が高められるため、振動および騒音の低減がより一層効果的に行なわれる。
In the present invention, the inner ring is preferably flexible. In order to give flexibility to the inner ring, for example, the inner ring can be made of a material having a smaller elastic coefficient than steel.
When the inner ring is flexible, the function of retaining the oil film is enhanced, so that vibration and noise are more effectively reduced.

前記複数のころを保持するリング状の保持器、および外輪を有する場合には、前記内輪、保持器、および外輪を、円周方向に並ぶ2個の分割体に分割することができる。
内輪、保持器、および外輪を2個の分割体に分割すると、軸受の組立が容易になる。
In the case of having a ring-shaped cage for holding the plurality of rollers and an outer ring, the inner ring, the cage and the outer ring can be divided into two divided bodies arranged in the circumferential direction.
When the inner ring, the cage, and the outer ring are divided into two divided bodies, the assembly of the bearing is facilitated.

この発明のころ軸受は、軸が内周に挿通される内輪と、この内輪の外周面に転接する複数のころとを備えるころ軸受において、前記内輪と軸との間に油膜を形成したため、変動荷重を吸収、減衰して、振動や騒音を少なくできる。
また、前記複数のころを保持するリング状の保持器、および外輪を有する場合、前記内輪、保持器、および外輪を、円周方向に並ぶ2個の分割体に分割することにより、軸受の組立の容易化を図れる。
The roller bearing according to the present invention is a roller bearing including an inner ring whose shaft is inserted into the inner periphery and a plurality of rollers that are in rolling contact with the outer periphery of the inner ring, and an oil film is formed between the inner ring and the shaft. Absorbs and attenuates the load, reducing vibration and noise.
Further, in the case of having a ring-shaped cage that holds the plurality of rollers and an outer ring, the inner ring, the cage, and the outer ring are divided into two divided bodies arranged in the circumferential direction, thereby assembling the bearing. Can be simplified.

この発明の実施形態を図1および図2と共に説明する。このころ軸受は、外輪1と、内輪2と、外輪1の内周面および内輪2の外周面に転接する複数のころ3と、ころ3を保持するリング状の保持器4とを有する。保持器4は円周方向に並ぶ複数のポケット4aを有し、各ポケット4aにころ3が保持されている。   An embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. The roller bearing includes an outer ring 1, an inner ring 2, a plurality of rollers 3 that are in rolling contact with the inner peripheral surface of the outer ring 1 and the outer peripheral surface of the inner ring 2, and a ring-shaped cage 4 that holds the rollers 3. The cage 4 has a plurality of pockets 4a arranged in the circumferential direction, and the rollers 3 are held in the pockets 4a.

内輪2は薄肉に成形されて、可撓性を有するものとされている。鉄鋼よりも弾性係数が小さい材料で内輪2を成形すると、好ましい可撓性を得やすい。   The inner ring 2 is formed into a thin wall and has flexibility. If the inner ring 2 is formed of a material having a smaller elastic coefficient than steel, preferred flexibility can be easily obtained.

図2はこのころ軸受を軸に組み込んだ状態を示すものであり、内輪2の内周に軸5が挿通される。内輪2の内周面と軸5の外周面との間には、10〜100mμ程度の隙間6が設けられ、この隙間6に流体性潤滑油からなる油膜が形成されている。   FIG. 2 shows a state in which this roller bearing is incorporated in the shaft, and the shaft 5 is inserted into the inner periphery of the inner ring 2. A gap 6 of about 10 to 100 mμ is provided between the inner peripheral surface of the inner ring 2 and the outer peripheral surface of the shaft 5, and an oil film made of fluid lubricating oil is formed in the gap 6.

このころ軸受は、例えば図4に示すクランク軸10支持用の軸受12や、コンロッド11とクランク軸10の連結部の軸受13に適用される。軸受12に適用する場合、軸5はクランク軸10の回転中心軸10aである。また、軸受13に適用する場合、軸5はクランク軸10のクランクピン10cであり、外輪1はコンロッド11の大径端部11aである。このころ軸受は、上記軸受12,13の他に、コンロッド11の小径端部11bとピストンピン(図示せず)との連結部の軸受や、カムシャフト支持部の軸受にも適用することもできる。さらに、これら以外の変動荷重を受ける箇所の軸受として適用することができる。   This roller bearing is applied to, for example, the bearing 12 for supporting the crankshaft 10 shown in FIG. 4 and the bearing 13 at the connecting portion between the connecting rod 11 and the crankshaft 10. When applied to the bearing 12, the shaft 5 is the rotation center shaft 10 a of the crankshaft 10. When applied to the bearing 13, the shaft 5 is the crank pin 10 c of the crank shaft 10, and the outer ring 1 is the large-diameter end portion 11 a of the connecting rod 11. In addition to the bearings 12 and 13, this roller bearing can also be applied to a bearing of a connecting portion between the small diameter end portion 11b of the connecting rod 11 and a piston pin (not shown), or a bearing of a camshaft support portion. . Furthermore, it can be applied as a bearing at a place that receives a variable load other than these.

上記構成のころ軸受は、内輪2の内周面と軸5の外周面との間の隙間6に形成された油膜のスクイズフィルムダンパ作用により、軸5からの変動荷重が吸収、減衰させられる。このため、ころ3と内輪2との接触部、およびころ2と外輪1との接触部で生じる振動を軽減し、騒音を抑えることができる。また、内輪2が可撓性を有するため、油膜の保持機能が高められ、振動および騒音の低減がより一層効果的に行なわれる。   The roller bearing configured as described above absorbs and attenuates the fluctuating load from the shaft 5 by the squeeze film damper action of the oil film formed in the gap 6 between the inner peripheral surface of the inner ring 2 and the outer peripheral surface of the shaft 5. For this reason, the vibration which arises in the contact part of the roller 3 and the inner ring | wheel 2 and the contact part of the roller 2 and the outer ring | wheel 1 can be reduced, and a noise can be suppressed. Further, since the inner ring 2 has flexibility, the function of retaining the oil film is enhanced, and the vibration and noise are further effectively reduced.

図3は異なる実施形態を示す。この実施形態は、外輪1、内輪2、および保持器4を、それぞれ円周方向に並ぶ2個の外輪分割体1,1、内輪分割体2,2、および保持器分割体4,4に2分割したものである。このように外輪1,内輪2、および保持器4を2分割することで、軸受の組立性を向上させることができ、例えば自動車用エンジンにおけるクランク軸支持用の軸受や、コンロッドとクランク軸の連結部の軸受に用いるのに適したものとなる。 FIG. 3 shows a different embodiment. In this embodiment, the outer ring 1, the inner ring 2, and the cage 4 are divided into two outer ring divided bodies 1 1 , 1 2 , inner ring divided bodies 2 1 , 2 2 , and a cage divided body 4 that are arranged in the circumferential direction, respectively. 1 is 4 2 to that divided in two. Thus, by dividing the outer ring 1, the inner ring 2 and the cage 4 into two parts, the assemblability of the bearing can be improved. For example, a bearing for supporting a crankshaft in an automobile engine or a connection between a connecting rod and a crankshaft. It is suitable for use in the bearing of the part.

上記各実施形態では、外輪1を有するころ軸受を例示しているが、この発明のころ軸受は、外輪が無く、ころ3が軸受使用機器の内周面に直接に転接する構成であっても良く、その場合も上記各実施形態と同様な作用効果が得られる。   In each of the above embodiments, the roller bearing having the outer ring 1 is illustrated, but the roller bearing of the present invention has no outer ring, and the roller 3 may be configured to directly contact the inner peripheral surface of the bearing-using device. In this case, the same effects as those of the above embodiments can be obtained.

この発明の実施形態にかかるころ軸受の一部を省略した正面図である。It is the front view which omitted a part of roller bearing concerning an embodiment of this invention. (A)は同ころ軸受の断面図、(B)はそのIIB−IIB断面図である。(A) is sectional drawing of the roller bearing, (B) is the IIB-IIB sectional drawing. (A)この発明の異なる実施形態にかかるころ軸受の一部を断面で表示した正面図、(B)はその側面図であり、(A)の断面部分は(B)のIIIA−IIIA断面図である。(A) The front view which displayed a part of roller bearing concerning a different embodiment of this invention by a section, (B) is the side view, and the section of (A) is a IIIA-IIIA sectional view of (B). It is. 自動車用エンジンのクランク軸およびコンロッドを示す説明図である。It is explanatory drawing which shows the crankshaft and connecting rod of a motor vehicle engine.

符号の説明Explanation of symbols

1…外輪
,1…外輪分割体
2…内輪
,2…内輪分割体
3…ころ
4…保持器
,4…保持器分割体
5…軸
6…隙間
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Outer ring 1 1 , 1 2 ... Outer ring division body 2 ... Inner ring 2 1 , 2 2 ... Inner ring division body 3 ... Roller 4 ... Cage 4 1 , 4 2 ... Cage division body 5 ... Shaft 6 ... Gap

Claims (4)

軸が内周に挿通される内輪と、この内輪の外周面に転接する複数のころとを備えるころ軸受において、前記内輪と軸との間に油膜を形成したことを特徴とするころ軸受。   A roller bearing comprising an inner ring having a shaft inserted into an inner circumference and a plurality of rollers in rolling contact with the outer circumference of the inner ring, wherein an oil film is formed between the inner ring and the shaft. 請求項1において、前記内輪が可撓性を有するものであるころ軸受。   The roller bearing according to claim 1, wherein the inner ring has flexibility. 請求項2において、前記内輪が、鉄鋼よりも弾性係数の小さい材料からなるころ軸受。   The roller bearing according to claim 2, wherein the inner ring is made of a material having a smaller elastic coefficient than steel. 請求項1ないし請求項3のいずれか1項において、前記複数のころを保持するリング状の保持器、および外輪を有し、前記内輪、保持器、および外輪を、円周方向に並ぶ2個の分割体に分割したころ軸受。   The ring-shaped cage for holding the plurality of rollers and an outer ring according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the inner ring, the cage, and the outer ring are arranged in a circumferential direction. Roller bearings divided into parts.
JP2006134640A 2006-05-15 2006-05-15 Roller bearing Pending JP2007303617A (en)

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101463871B (en) * 2007-12-21 2012-02-22 比亚迪股份有限公司 Shaft mechanism
US20140314349A1 (en) * 2011-11-25 2014-10-23 Robert Bosch Gmbh Electric Motor
CN106536892A (en) * 2014-09-18 2017-03-22 欧德克斯有限公司 Bearing mechanism for turbocharger

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101463871B (en) * 2007-12-21 2012-02-22 比亚迪股份有限公司 Shaft mechanism
US20140314349A1 (en) * 2011-11-25 2014-10-23 Robert Bosch Gmbh Electric Motor
US9140256B2 (en) * 2011-11-25 2015-09-22 Robert Bosch Gmbh Electric motor
CN106536892A (en) * 2014-09-18 2017-03-22 欧德克斯有限公司 Bearing mechanism for turbocharger

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