JP2007303594A - Roller bearing - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a roller bearing capable of absorbing and damping a fluctuating load, reducing vibration and noise, and prolonging the rolling fatigue life. <P>SOLUTION: A roller bearing is equipped with a ring-like retainer 3 including pockets 3a at a plurality of circumferential parts and a plurality of rollers 2 held in respective pockets 3a of the retainer 3. A plurality of rollers 2 are brought into rolling-contact with the inner ring side peripheral surface 4a formed of an inner ring or the outer peripheral surface of a shaft 4 and with the outer ring side peripheral surface 1a formed of an outer ring 1 or the inner peripheral surface of equipment using a bearing. In the roller bearing, the retainer 3 is made to function as a sliding bearing which keeps the inner peripheral surface 3b and outer peripheral surface 3c brought into slide-contact with the inner ring side peripheral surface 4a and outer ring side peripheral surface 1a. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2008,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a roller bearing suitable for use in a place where a variable load is received, such as a support portion of a crankshaft or a camshaft of an automobile engine or a connecting portion of a connecting rod, a crankshaft and a piston.

  FIG. 8 shows a crankshaft and a connecting rod of an automobile engine. The crankshaft 10 includes a rotation center shaft 10a, a balance weight 10b, and a crankpin 10c. The rotation center shaft 10a is rotatably supported by a bearing 12. The connecting rod 11 has pin insertion holes 11c formed in the large-diameter end portion 11a and the small-diameter end portion 11b at both ends, respectively. A piston pin (not shown) is rotatably inserted into the connecting rod 11 via a bearing (not shown) in a pin insertion hole 11c of the small diameter end portion 11b. Yes.

  The bearing 12 used for the support portion of the crankshaft 10 and the bearing 13 used for the connecting portion between the connecting rod 11 and the crankshaft 10 are subjected to a variable load accompanying the explosive reciprocation of the piston. For this reason, when a roller bearing or a needle roller bearing is used as the bearing, there is a problem that vibration and noise are large. Another problem is that the bearing life is short due to rolling fatigue. These problems also apply to the bearing that supports the camshaft.

  As a prior art for such a problem, there is one in which an oil film portion is formed between an outer peripheral surface of an outer race of a rolling bearing and an inner peripheral surface of a shaft hole to prevent noise (Patent Document 1).

In order to facilitate the manufacture and assembly of the crankshaft main bearing device, the crankshaft support bearing has a structure in which a half shell that hits the outer ring is divided and surrounded by an elastic ring provided with a slit. There exists a prior art (patent document 2).
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 6-229415 JP-T-2002-525533

  The bearing described in Patent Document 1 has a uniform gap between the outer peripheral surface of the outer race and the inner peripheral surface of the shaft hole, and is filled with lubricating oil to form an oil film. In this configuration, although the cushioning action of the oil film can be obtained, the action of supporting the axial load in the radial direction with the lubricating oil itself is not obtained so much. For this reason, when it is used in a portion receiving a variable load such as a support portion of the crankshaft or a connecting portion between the connecting rod and the crankshaft, reduction of vibration and noise cannot be sufficiently achieved. For this reason, shortening of the bearing life due to rolling fatigue is inevitable.

An object of the present invention is to provide a roller bearing that can absorb and attenuate a fluctuating load, has less vibration and noise, and has a long rolling fatigue life.
Another object of the present invention is to facilitate the assembly of the bearing.

A roller bearing according to the present invention includes a ring-shaped cage having pockets in a plurality of locations in the circumferential direction, and a plurality of rollers held in the pockets of the cage. A roller bearing that is in rolling contact with an outer ring side peripheral surface consisting of an outer ring surface and an outer ring or peripheral surface of an inner ring surface of a bearing-using device. It is characterized by functioning as a sliding bearing by slidingly contacting the surface and the outer ring side peripheral surface.
With this configuration, since the cage functions as a sliding bearing, it is possible to bear a part of the axial load by the cage. Therefore, it is possible to reduce the contact surface pressure between the roller and the inner ring or shaft and between the roller and the outer ring or the equipment using the bearing. By reducing the contact surface pressure, it is possible to reduce the vibration generated at the contact portion between the roller and the inner ring, the outer ring or the like, and to reduce the noise of the bearing. In addition, it is possible to extend the bearing life against rolling fatigue.

In this invention, a flat or curved slope that forms an oil film with the lubricating oil in the bearing on one or both of the inner peripheral surface and the outer peripheral surface of the retainer in the pillar portion that is a portion between the pockets of the retainer. You may provide so that it may incline with respect to a rotation direction.
The above-mentioned inclined surface guides the lubricating oil in the wedge-shaped portion between the inner ring side peripheral surface and the outer ring side peripheral surface to the narrower side by the rotation of the inner ring or shaft, and between the cage and the inner ring or shaft, Or it acts to form a high-pressure oil film between the cage and the outer ring or the bearing-using device. Since the cage supports the axial load via the oil film, the contact surface pressure between the roller and the inner ring or shaft and between the roller and the outer ring or the bearing using device can be further reduced. In addition, since the oil film is formed, the action of the squeeze film damper is generated, so that further noise and vibration reduction can be realized.

A part of the side surface in contact with the roller in the column portion that is a portion between the pockets of the cage may be a curved surface along the outer peripheral surface of the roller.
Thereby, an oil film is formed between the cage and the place. When the oil film is formed on the side close to the inner ring or the shaft, the cage is pressed toward the inner ring or the shaft by the rollers, and the cage can support more shaft load.

  In the present invention, the retainer can be divided into two retainer divided bodies arranged in the circumferential direction. Moreover, when it has an outer ring | wheel, both this outer ring | wheel and the said holder | retainer can be divided | segmented into two division bodies arranged in a circumferential direction. When the cage and the outer ring are divided into two divided bodies, the assembly of the bearing becomes easy.

A roller bearing according to the present invention includes a ring-shaped cage having pockets in a plurality of locations in the circumferential direction, and a plurality of rollers held in the pockets of the cage. A roller bearing that is in rolling contact with an outer ring side peripheral surface consisting of an outer ring surface and an outer ring or peripheral surface of an inner ring surface of a bearing-using device. Because it is designed to function as a sliding bearing by slidingly contacting the outer surface and outer ring side peripheral surface, it can absorb and attenuate fluctuating loads, reduce vibration and noise, and extend the bearing life against rolling fatigue. It becomes possible.
Further, when the cage is divided into two cage divided bodies arranged in the circumferential direction, or has an outer ring, both or either of the outer ring and the cage are arranged in the circumferential direction. The assembly of the bearing can be facilitated by dividing into two divided bodies.

  An embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. The roller bearing includes an outer ring 1, a plurality of rollers 2 that are in rolling contact with an outer ring side circumferential surface 1 a that is an inner diameter surface of the outer ring 1, and a ring-shaped cage 3. The cage 3 has a plurality of pockets 3a arranged in the circumferential direction, and the rollers 2 are held in the pockets 3a. There is no inner ring, and the roller 2 is in rolling contact with an inner ring side peripheral surface 4a formed of the outer peripheral surface of the shaft 4 supported by the bearing. The bearing space between the outer ring 1 and the shaft 4 is sealed by a sealing means (not shown), and lubricating oil is held in the sealed bearing space. Alternatively, the lubricating oil is supplied from a lubricating oil supply hole (not shown), and the lubricating oil is held in the bearing space.

  The inner circumferential surface 3b of the cage 3 is shaped along the inner ring side circumferential surface 4a, and the cage inner circumferential surface 3b and the inner ring side circumferential surface 4a are in sliding contact with each other. The outer peripheral surface 3c of the cage 3 is shaped along the outer ring side circumferential surface 1a, and the cage outer circumferential surface 3c and the outer ring side circumferential surface 1a are in sliding contact with each other. Lubricating oil is held in the gap between the cage inner circumferential surface 3b and the inner ring side circumferential surface 4a and between the cage outer circumferential surface 3c and the outer ring side circumferential surface 1a, and an oil film of the lubricating oil is formed. ing.

  This roller bearing is applied to, for example, the bearing 12 for supporting the crankshaft 10 shown in FIG. 8 and the bearing 13 at the connecting portion between the connecting rod 11 and the crankshaft 10. When applied to the bearing 12, the shaft 4 is the rotation center shaft 10 a of the crankshaft 10. When applied to the bearing 13, the shaft 4 is the crank pin 10 c of the crank shaft 10, and the outer ring 1 is the large-diameter end portion 11 a of the connecting rod 11. In addition to the bearings 12 and 13, this roller bearing can also be applied to a bearing of a connecting portion between the small diameter end portion 11b of the connecting rod 11 and a piston pin (not shown), or a bearing of a camshaft support portion. . Furthermore, it can be applied as a bearing at a place that receives a variable load other than these.

  In the roller bearing configured as described above, the cage inner circumferential surface 3b and the inner ring side circumferential surface 4a are in sliding contact with each other, and the cage outer circumferential surface 3c and the outer ring side circumferential surface 1a are in sliding contact with each other. Supports axial load in the radial direction. That is, the cage 3 has a role of holding the plurality of rollers 2 at equal intervals and a role of bearing a part of the axial load together with the rollers 2. Thereby, the contact surface pressure of the roller 2 and the shaft 4 and the roller 2 and the outer ring 1 can be reduced. By reducing the contact surface pressure, it is possible to reduce the vibration generated at the contact portion between the roller 2 and the shaft 4 and the outer ring 1, and to reduce the noise of the bearing. In addition, it is possible to extend the bearing life against rolling fatigue. Since an oil film is formed between the cage inner circumferential surface 3b and the inner ring side circumferential surface 4a and between the cage outer circumferential surface 3c and the outer ring side circumferential surface 1a, the cage 3, the outer ring 1 and the shaft 4 are smoothly connected. Slide.

  FIG. 3 shows a cage whose shape is different from that of the above embodiment. The cage 3 is provided with slopes 3ba, 3bb, 3ca, 3cb on the inner peripheral surface 3b and the outer peripheral surface 3c, respectively. These slopes may be flat or curved.

  When the shaft 4 rotates, the lubricating oil in the wedge-shaped portion between the inclined surfaces 3ba, 3ca inclined with respect to the rotation direction and the inner ring side peripheral surface 4a or the outer ring side peripheral surface 1a is guided and held on the narrower side. A high-pressure oil film is formed between the cage 3 and the shaft 4 and between the cage 4 and the outer ring 1. When the rotation direction is only one direction, originally, only one-direction slope may be used. However, in consideration of the case where they are assembled in reverse, FIG. 3 is provided with slopes in both directions so that they can rotate in both directions.

  Since the cage 3 supports the axial load through the high-pressure oil film formed in this way, the cage 3 can support a larger amount of the axial load than when no inclined surface is provided. it can. For this reason, the contact surface pressure of the roller 2 and the shaft 4 and the roller 2 and the outer ring 1 can be further reduced. Further, by forming the high-pressure oil film, the action of the squeeze film damper is generated, and noise and vibration are further effectively reduced.

  When the rotational direction of the shaft 4 is determined in one direction, as shown in FIG. 4, the inner peripheral surface 3 b and the outer peripheral surface 3 c of the cage 3 are inclined with respect to the rotational direction R of the shaft 4. Just do it. Also in this case, the slope may be a flat surface or a curved surface.

  FIG. 5 further shows a cage having a different shape. The figure shows the cross-sectional shape of the pillar portion between the pockets 3a in the cage 3. The pillar portion of the cage 3 is a portion of the side surface 3d facing the roller 2 on the side close to the shaft 4. However, it is processed into a curved surface shape along the outer peripheral surface of the roller 2. Thereby, an oil film of lubricating oil is formed between the cage 3 and 2, and the cage 3 presses the roller 2 toward the shaft 4 through the oil film to support a high load axial load. Is possible.

  The cage shown in FIG. 6 is a combination of both the configuration of the cage of FIG. 3 and the configuration of the cage of FIG. 5, and the inclined surface 3 ca is provided on each of the inner circumferential surface 3 b and the outer circumferential surface 3 c of the cage 3. , 3cb are provided, and a portion of the side surface 3d facing the roller 2 of the column portion that is close to the shaft 4 is processed into a curved surface along the outer peripheral surface of the roller 2. Thereby, the operation effect by the high-pressure oil film formed between the cage 3 and the shaft 4 and between the cage 3 and the outer ring 1 and the operation by the oil film formed between the cage 3 and 2. Both effects can be obtained, and the axial load supporting ability of the roller bearing can be improved.

FIG. 7 shows a different embodiment. This embodiment, the outer ring 1 and the retainer 3, in which two divided each of the two outer ring division bodies 1 ₁ arranged in the circumferential _direction, 1 ₂ and retainer split body 3 _1, 3 _2. Thus, by dividing the outer ring 1 and the cage 3 into two parts, the assemblability of the bearing can be improved. For example, in a bearing for supporting a crankshaft in an automobile engine or a bearing of a connecting portion between a connecting rod and a crankshaft. It will be suitable for use.

  In each of the above embodiments, a roller bearing having no inner ring and having a configuration in which the roller 2 directly contacts the shaft 4 is illustrated. However, the roller bearing of the present invention may have a configuration having an inner ring. The same effects as those of the above embodiments can be obtained. Further, there may be a configuration in which there is no outer ring and the roller 2 is in rolling contact with the inner peripheral surface of the bearing-using device. In this case, the same effects as those of the above embodiments can be obtained.

(A) is sectional drawing which abbreviate | omitted a part of roller bearing concerning embodiment of this invention, (B) is the IB-O-IB sectional drawing. It is the II section enlarged view of FIG. 1 (A). It is sectional drawing of a part of roller bearing which has a different holder | retainer. Furthermore, it is sectional drawing of a part of roller bearing which has a different holder | retainer. Furthermore, it is sectional drawing of a part of roller bearing which has a different holder | retainer. Furthermore, it is sectional drawing of a part of roller bearing which has a different holder | retainer. (A) The front view which displayed a part of roller bearing concerning a different embodiment of this invention by a section, (B) is the side view, and the section of (A) is a VIIA-VIIA sectional view of (B). It is. It is explanatory drawing which shows the crankshaft and connecting rod of a motor vehicle engine.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Outer ring 1 ₁ , 1 ₂ ... Outer ring division body 1a ... Outer ring side peripheral surface 2 ... Roller 3 ... Cage 3 ₁ , 3 ₂ ... Cage division body 3a ... Pocket 3b ... Inner peripheral surface 3ba, 3bb ... Slope 3c on the inner peripheral surface of the cage ... Outer peripheral surfaces 3ca, 3cb of the cage ... Slope 3d on the outer peripheral surface of the cage ... Side surface 4 of the cage pillar portion ... Axis 4a ... Inner ring side peripheral surface

Claims (5)

  An annular retainer having pockets at a plurality of locations in the circumferential direction, and a plurality of rollers retained in the respective pockets of the retainer, and the plurality of rollers are the inner ring or the outer ring surface of the shaft. In a roller bearing that is in rolling contact with a peripheral surface and an outer ring side peripheral surface composed of an outer ring or an inner peripheral surface of a bearing-using device, the retainer includes an inner peripheral surface and an outer peripheral surface that are connected to the inner ring side peripheral surface and the outer ring side peripheral surface. A roller bearing characterized by being in sliding contact and functioning as a sliding bearing.   2. The flat or curved surface according to claim 1, wherein an oil film is formed with the lubricating oil in the bearing on one or both of the inner peripheral surface and the outer peripheral surface of the retainer in the pillar portion that is a portion between the pockets of the retainer. Roller bearings with inclined surfaces inclined to the rotational direction.   3. The roller bearing according to claim 1, wherein a part of a side surface in contact with the roller in the column portion which is a portion between the pockets of the cage is a curved surface along the outer peripheral surface of the roller.   The roller bearing according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the cage is divided into two cage divided bodies arranged in a circumferential direction.   The roller bearing according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the roller bearing has an outer ring, and both or one of the outer ring and the cage is divided into two divided bodies arranged in a circumferential direction.

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