JP2007298039A - Variable capacity swash plate type compressor - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a variable capacity swash plate type compressor capable of reducing the number of components in a discharge muffler chamber and the number of work processes, reducing the pulsating pressure (pulsating noise) of discharged refrigerant, setting a check valve without increasing the size of the compressor, preventing superposing of a pulsation pressure waveform, and preventing coming-out of the check valve. <P>SOLUTION: This variable capacity swash plate type compressor comprises: a cylinder block; a front housing; a driving shaft; a plurality of pistons performing a reciprocating motion inside the cylinder bore; a rear housing coupled to the rear of the cylinder block and having a suction chamber and a discharge chamber formed therein in such a manner as to be partitioned from each other by a partitioning wall, the discharge chamber having the discharge muffler chamber partitioned and formed by a division wall to reduce a pulsating pressure of the discharged refrigerant; and a check valve coupled to the inner side of the division wall to allow circulation of the refrigerant inside the compressor and prevent a backflow of the refrigerant when an air conditioner is turned off. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2008,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a variable displacement swash plate compressor, and more specifically, a discharge check muffler chamber having a check valve that enables refrigerant to circulate inside the compressor and prevent reverse flow of the refrigerant when the air conditioner is turned off. By installing a cover type on one side, a discharge muffler chamber is formed by a check valve, which not only reduces the number of parts and work, but also reduces the pulsation pressure (pulsation noise) of the discharged refrigerant, and the size of the compressor The check valve can be installed without increasing the size, and the check valve is located in the center of the discharge chamber, so it is possible to avoid superposition of pulsation pressure waveforms when discharging high-pressure refrigerant. The present invention relates to a variable displacement swash plate type compressor that can be prevented from being detached by being fixed by means of.

  The compressor that constitutes an air conditioner for automobiles is used after the power from the power source is selectively transmitted by the intermittent action of the electronic clutch, and refrigerant gas is drawn into the interior from the evaporator and compressed by the linear reciprocating motion of the piston. , A device for discharging to the condenser (condenser) side. Such compressors are classified into various types according to the compression method and structure, and among these compressors, variable displacement compressors that can change the compression volume are often used.

  FIG. 1 is a sectional view showing a conventional general variable capacity swash plate compressor. The variable displacement swash plate compressor 1 includes a cylinder block 10 having a large number of cylinder bores 11 therein, a front housing 20 coupled to the front of the cylinder block 10 to form a crank chamber 21 therein, and a rear of the cylinder block 10. A suction housing 31, a discharge chamber 32, and a rear housing 30 having a discharge passage 33 are connected through a valve unit 40.

Here, a suction port 12 and a suction muffler chamber 13 are formed in the cylinder block 10, and the refrigerant flows into the suction chamber 31 through this.
A drive shaft 50 is rotatably installed on the cylinder block 10 and the front housing 20, and is connected to the inside of the crank chamber 21 by a rotor 61 and a hinge means 62 that are firmly mounted on the drive shaft 50. At the same time, a swash plate 60 whose inclination angle changes according to the pressure change in the crank chamber 21 is mounted.

A plurality of pistons 65 are provided on the outer periphery of the swash plate 60 via shoes 64 and suck and compress the refrigerant while reciprocating inside the cylinder bore 11 in conjunction with the rotational movement of the swash plate 60.
A control valve 80 that changes the differential pressure between the refrigerant suction pressure in the cylinder bore 11 and the gas pressure in the crank chamber 21 is installed in the rear housing 30 so that the inclination angle of the swash plate 60 can be changed by a thermal load. .

The discharge chamber 32 of the rear housing 30 is provided with a discharge muffler chamber 90 so that the pulsation pressure of the discharged refrigerant is reduced. The discharge muffler chamber 90 includes a partition wall 91 formed in the discharge chamber 32, and a partition wall 91. It is formed by a cover 92 which is coupled to one side and has a refrigerant inflow hole 93 formed therein. Therefore, the refrigerant discharged from the cylinder bore 11 to the discharge chamber 32 moves to the discharge muffler chamber 90 through the refrigerant inflow hole 93 having a small diameter formed in the cover 92 and is then discharged to the outside through the discharge passage 33. That is, the pulsation pressure decreases in the process of expansion, reduction, and expansion while the refrigerant passes through the discharge chamber 32, the refrigerant inflow hole 93, and the discharge muffler chamber 90.
On the other hand, a compression coil spring 63 is installed between the rotor 61 and the swash plate 60 in order to return the swash plate 60 to the initial position.

As described above, in the variable displacement swash plate compressor 1, when the drive shaft 50 is rotated by the power of the engine, the swash plate 60 mounted so that the inclination angle can be adjusted with the drive shaft 50 rotates together with the drive shaft 50. In this way, a large number of pistons 65 coupled to the outer periphery of the swash plate 60 are sequentially reciprocated in the cylinder bore 11 of the cylinder block 10 by a distance proportional to the inclination angle of the swash plate 60. To do.
Here, during the suction stroke of the piston 65, the suction valve (not shown) of the valve unit 40 is opened by the pressure drop inside the cylinder bore 11, and the cylinder bore 11 and the suction chamber 31 communicate with each other. Into the cylinder bore 11.

During the compression stroke of the piston 65, the discharge valve (not shown) of the valve unit 40 is opened and the cylinder bore 11 and the discharge chamber 32 are communicated while the refrigerant is compressed by the pressure increase in the cylinder bore 11, so that the compressed refrigerant is transferred to the cylinder bore. 11 is discharged into the discharge chamber 32.
Further, the discharge capacity of the compressor 1 can be changed by adjusting the inclination angle of the swash plate 60 according to the pressure difference between the pressure in the crank chamber 21 and the suction pressure in the cylinder bore 11.

On the other hand, in a vehicle employing a clutchless variable displacement swash plate compressor 1, the minimum swash plate angle is maintained when the air conditioner is off, but the angle is not 0 °. Is discharged. A check valve 70 is currently used to prevent this.
The check valve 70 is inserted and installed in the discharge passage 33 of the rear housing 30 to allow the refrigerant to circulate inside the compressor 1 when the air conditioner is off, and to prevent the refrigerant from flowing back from the outside.

That is, since the check valve 70 is opened only when a certain pressure or more is applied, the check valve 70 is closed when the air conditioner is turned off because the swash plate angle is minimized and the pressure is slightly reduced. Therefore, when the air conditioner is off, the refrigerant inside the compressor 1 is circulated inside without being discharged to the outside.
However, there is a problem that the check valve 70 is installed on the rear side (downstream side) of the discharge muffler chamber 90 and pulsation noise of the discharged refrigerant occurs.
Further, in order to form another discharge muffler chamber 90 in the discharge chamber 32, it is necessary to provide a cover 92 having a refrigerant inflow hole 93 on one side of the partition wall 91, which increases the number of parts and work man-hours. there were.
Further, in order to insert the check valve 70 into the discharge passage 33 of the rear housing 30, it is necessary to secure an installation space for the check valve 70, which causes a problem that the size of the compressor 1 increases. .
JP 2007-085246 A

  The present invention can reduce the number of parts and work man-hours in the discharge muffler chamber, reduce the pulsation pressure (pulsation noise) of the discharged refrigerant, and install a check valve without increasing the size of the compressor. It is an object of the present invention to provide a variable displacement swash plate compressor that can avoid superposition of pulsation pressure waveforms during discharge and can prevent the check valve from being detached.

  The present invention includes a cylinder block (110) having a plurality of cylinder bores (111) therein, a front housing (120) coupled to the front of the cylinder block (110) and forming a crank chamber (121) therein, A drive shaft (150) rotatably installed on the cylinder block (110) and the front housing (120), and a swash plate (160) mounted on the drive shaft (150) and rotating in the crank chamber (121). The suction chamber (131) is coupled to a plurality of pistons (165) that reciprocate in the cylinder bore (111) and a rear wall of the cylinder block (110), and a partition wall (134) formed therein. ) And a discharge chamber (132). The discharge chamber (132) includes a discharge muffler chamber (1) for reducing the pulsation pressure of the discharged refrigerant. 0) is coupled to the rear housing (130) partitioned by the partition wall (135) and the inside of the partition wall (135) so that the refrigerant can circulate inside the compressor (100) when the air conditioner is off. And a check valve (190) for preventing the reverse flow of the refrigerant.

  The check valve (190) is installed at a central portion of the discharge chamber (132), and has a cover portion (191) in which a refrigerant inflow hole (191a) is formed at the center, and one side of the cover portion (191). And a valve body (192) in which a refrigerant discharge hole (192a) is formed, and the valve body (192) side is installed between the cover portion (191) and the valve body (192) so as to be flowable. And a valve body (193) that elastically opens and closes the refrigerant inflow hole (191a) by an elastic member (194) supported on the inner wall, and is pushed into and coupled to the inside of the partition wall (135). To do.

  A retainer (195) is coupled to the partition wall (135) to prevent the check valve (190) from being detached.

The present invention provides a check valve in a cover type on one side of a discharge muffler chamber that allows a refrigerant to circulate inside the compressor and prevents a reverse flow of the refrigerant when the air conditioner is off. As a result, a discharge muffler chamber is formed, and the number of parts and work man-hours can be reduced, and the pulsation pressure (pulsation noise) of the discharged refrigerant is also reduced.
In addition, since the check valve is installed in the discharge muffler chamber where the installation area is secured, the check valve can be installed without increasing the size of the compressor, and since the check valve is located in the center of the discharge chamber, The superposition of the pulsation pressure waveform can be avoided during the discharge of the water, and further, it is possible to prevent the separation by fixing with the retainer.

  Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. A description of the same configuration and operation as the conventional one is omitted.

  2 is a cross-sectional view showing a variable capacity swash plate compressor according to the present invention, FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA of FIG. 2, and FIG. 4 is a variable capacity type according to the present invention. FIG. 5 is an enlarged partial sectional view of a discharge muffler chamber of the swash plate compressor, and FIG. 5 is a sectional view showing a check valve of the variable displacement swash plate compressor according to the present invention.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the variable capacity swash plate compressor 100 according to the present invention forms a cylinder block 110 having a large number of cylinder bores 111 therein, and a crank chamber 121 coupled to the front of the cylinder block 110 and sealed inside. The front housing 120 is connected to the rear of the cylinder block 110 with a valve unit 140 interposed therebetween, and an inner region partitioned by the partition wall 134 is provided with a discharge chamber 132 filled with refrigerant flowing from the cylinder block 110. The outer region includes a rear housing 130 in which a suction chamber 131 filled with a refrigerant flowing from the outside is formed.

  The valve unit 140 includes a valve plate 141 having a suction port 142 and a discharge port 143, a suction valve (not shown) that opens and closes the suction port 142, and a discharge port 143. It consists of a discharge valve (not shown) that opens and closes. Accordingly, the refrigerant is sucked into the cylinder bore 111 from the suction chamber 131 during the suction stroke of the piston 165, and the compressed refrigerant is discharged from the cylinder bore 111 to the discharge chamber 132 during the compression stroke.

A discharge passage 133 is formed in the rear housing 130 so that the refrigerant in the discharge chamber 132 is discharged to the outside, and a control valve 170 is provided in the control valve port 136 in order to appropriately adjust the capacity of the refrigerant in the crank chamber 121. is set up.
Further, when the control valve 170 is opened, a capacity control passage 171 that connects the crank chamber 121 from the control valve port 136 is formed so that the refrigerant and oil in the discharge chamber 132 flow into the crank chamber 121 side.
A suction muffler chamber 113 having a suction port 112 is formed outside the cylinder block 110 so that a refrigerant can flow from the outside. The suction muffler chamber 113 communicates with the suction chamber 131 of the rear housing 130. Yes.

A drive shaft 150 that is rotatably supported by the cylinder block 110 and the front housing 120 via a bearing 122 is installed.
A rotor 161 for transmitting the rotation of the drive shaft 150 to the swash plate 160 is coupled on the drive shaft 150 in the crank chamber 121, and the rotor 161 is rotatably supported toward the inner surface of the front housing 120. Has been.
The swash plate 160 is mounted on the drive shaft 150 so as to change the inclination angle according to the pressure change of the crank chamber 121 and coupled to the rotor 161 via the hinge means 162.

A sleeve 163 coupled to the inside of the swash plate 160 so that the swash plate 160 can be tilted is slidably coupled to the drive shaft 150.
The refrigerant is sucked in while reciprocating linearly in the cylinder bore 111 according to the rotational swinging motion of the swash plate 160 while being coupled via a pair of hemispherical shoes 166 contacting the outer peripheral sliding surface of the swash plate 160. A number of pistons 165 to be compressed are installed.
On the other hand, a compression coil spring 164 is installed between the rotor 161 and the sleeve 163 in order to return the swash plate 160 to the initial position.
A discharge muffler chamber 180 is formed in the discharge chamber 132 to reduce the pulsation pressure of the discharged refrigerant.

The discharge muffler chamber 180 is formed with a circular partition wall 135 at the central position of the discharge chamber 132 so as to be separated from the inside of the discharge chamber 132, and a check valve 190 (to be described later) is coupled to one side where the partition wall 135 is opened. Has been.
That is, on the refrigerant discharge path of the rear housing 130, when the air conditioner is turned off (OFF), a check valve 190 that allows the refrigerant to circulate inside the compressor 100 and prevents the refrigerant from flowing back from the outside is installed. In the present invention, however, the discharge muffler chamber 180 is formed by the check valve 190.
Accordingly, the check valve 190 is coupled to the inside of the partition wall 135 so as to cover one side of the discharge muffler chamber 180, and is provided on the end side of the partition wall 135 so as to secure a space for the discharge muffler chamber 180. It is tilted and combined.

Here, the check valve 190 is preferably pushed into and coupled to the inside of the partition wall 135. At this time, a retainer 195 is coupled to the inside of the partition wall 135 to prevent the check valve 190 from being detached. On the other hand, a mounting claw 135a is formed on the inner surface of the partition wall 135 so that the check valve 190 is mounted.
Further, the check valve 190 is installed in the central portion of the discharge chamber 132 by being coupled to the partition wall 135 formed in the central portion of the discharge chamber 132, and the pulsation pressure waveform is discharged during discharge of the high-pressure refrigerant. Can be avoided.

  By forming the discharge muffler chamber 180 by the check valve 190 in this way, it is possible to omit parts for forming the discharge muffler chamber 90 (conventional) separately as in the prior art, and not only reducing the number of work steps but also the amount of discharged refrigerant. The pulsation pressure (pulsation noise) is also reduced, and the check valve 190 can be installed in the discharge muffler chamber 180 where the installation area of the check valve 190 is secured, so there is no need to increase the size of the compressor 100.

As the check valve 190 described above, various known check valves can be used. However, the check valve 190 of the present invention is pushed / coupled inside the partition wall 135 as shown in FIG. It is possible to flow between the cover part 191 formed with the refrigerant inflow hole 191a, the valve body 192 coupled to one side of the cover part 191 and formed with the refrigerant discharge hole 192a, and between the cover part 191 and the valve body 192. It comprises a valve body 193 that is installed and elastically opens and closes the refrigerant inflow hole 191a by an elastic member 194 supported on the valve body 192 side.
The valve body 192 has a “U” -shaped cross section, and a support claw 192 b that supports the elastic member 194 protrudes from the inner center, and a flange 192 c is formed on one outer peripheral surface.

The cover portion 191 and the valve body 192 are formed by binding (banding) the beads 191b in a state in which the valve body 192 is inserted inside a bead 191b formed to protrude from one side of the cover portion 191. The flanges 192c are covered so as to be coupled.
Therefore, the swash plate angle is kept to a minimum when the air conditioner is off. Since the angle is not 0 °, the refrigerant is discharged. At this time, the amount of refrigerant discharged is very small and the pressure is low, so the check valve 190 is not opened. That is, since the check valve 190 is opened only when a certain pressure or more is applied, the check valve 190 is closed when the air conditioner is off because the swash plate angle is minimized and the pressure is also slightly reduced.
As a result, when the air conditioner is turned off, the refrigerant inside the compressor 100 can be circulated inside without being discharged to the outside, and the reverse flow of the refrigerant from the outside can also be prevented.

Hereinafter, the refrigerant circulation process of the variable capacity swash plate compressor 100 according to the present invention will be described.
First, when the drive shaft 150 is rotated by the power of the engine, the swash plate 160 mounted on the drive shaft 150 swings forward and backward while rotating together with the drive shaft 150, and thereby coupled to the outer periphery of the swash plate 160. A number of the pistons 165 thus reciprocated in the cylinder bore 111 of the cylinder block 110 sequentially, and the suction and compression strokes are repeated.
Here, during the suction stroke of the piston 165, the suction valve (not shown) of the valve unit 140 is opened by the pressure drop inside the cylinder bore 111 and the cylinder bore 111 and the suction chamber 131 are communicated with each other. The refrigerant supplied into the suction chamber 131 through the suction muffler chamber 113 flows into the cylinder bore 111.

Then, during the compression stroke of the piston 165, the discharge valve (not shown) of the valve unit 140 is opened while the refrigerant is compressed by the pressure increase inside the cylinder bore 111, and the cylinder bore 111 and the discharge chamber 132 are communicated with each other. The refrigerant is discharged from the cylinder bore 111 to the discharge chamber 132.
Subsequently, the refrigerant discharged into the discharge chamber 132 is a high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant, and the check valve 190 is opened by such a high-pressure refrigerant. When the check valve 190 is thus opened, the refrigerant discharged into the discharge chamber 132 passes through the refrigerant inflow hole 191a and the refrigerant discharge hole 192a of the check valve 190 and moves to the discharge muffler chamber 180. It is discharged outside through the passage 133.

At this time, in the process in which the refrigerant in the discharge chamber 132 passes through the check valve 190 and then moves to the discharge muffler chamber 180, the refrigerant is enlarged in the discharge chamber 132 and reduced while passing through the check valve 190. At 180, the pulsating pressure of the discharged refrigerant decreases because it is enlarged again.
On the other hand, when the air conditioner is off, as described above, the swash plate angle of the swash plate 160 is minimized, not only there is almost no refrigerant flow, but the refrigerant pressure is also reduced to close the check valve 190. Therefore, the refrigerant can circulate inside the compressor 100.

It is sectional drawing which shows the conventional variable displacement type swash plate type compressor. It is sectional drawing which shows the variable capacity | capacitance type swash plate type compressor which concerns on this invention. It is the sectional view on the AA line of FIG. It is the fragmentary sectional view which expanded the discharge muffler chamber of the variable capacity | capacitance type swash plate type compressor which concerns on this invention. It is sectional drawing which shows the non-return valve of the variable capacity | capacitance type swash plate type compressor which concerns on this invention.

Explanation of symbols

100 Compressor 110 Cylinder block 111 Cylinder bore 112 Suction port 113 Suction muffler chamber 120 Front housing 121 Crank chamber 122 Bearing 130 Rear housing 131 Suction chamber 132 Discharge chamber 133 Discharge passage 134 Partition wall 135 Partition wall 136 Control valve port 140 Valve unit 141 Valve plate 142 Suction port 143 Discharge port 150 Drive shaft 160 Swash plate 161 Rotor 162 Hinge means 163 Sleeve 164 Compression coil spring 165 Piston 166 Shoe 170 Control valve 171 Capacity control passage 180 Discharge muffler chamber 190 Check valve 191 Cover portion 191a Refrigerant inflow hole 191b Bead 192 Valve body 192a Refrigerant discharge hole 192b Support claw 192c Flange 193 Valve body 194 Elastic member 195 Retainer

Claims (5)

A cylinder block (110) having a number of cylinder bores (111) therein;
A front housing (120) coupled to the front of the cylinder block (110) and forming a crank chamber (121) therein;
A drive shaft (150) rotatably mounted on the cylinder block (110) and the front housing (120);
A plurality of pistons (165) mounted on the drive shaft (150) and interlocked with a swash plate (160) rotating in a crank chamber (121) to reciprocate inside the cylinder bore (111);
The cylinder block (110) is coupled to the rear of the cylinder block (110), and is partitioned into a suction chamber (131) and a discharge chamber (132) by a partition wall (134) formed therein, and the discharge chamber (132) has a discharge refrigerant. A rear housing (130) in which a discharge muffler chamber (180) for reducing the pulsating pressure of the chamber is defined by a partition wall (135);
A check valve (190) that is coupled to the inside of the partition wall (135) and that allows the refrigerant to circulate within the compressor (100) when the air conditioner is off (OFF) and prevents backflow of the refrigerant;
A variable capacity swash plate compressor.   The variable capacity swash plate compressor according to claim 1, wherein the check valve (190) is installed at a central portion of the discharge chamber (132).   The variable capacity swash plate compressor according to claim 1, wherein a retainer (195) is coupled to the partition wall (135) to prevent the check valve (190) from being detached. The check valve (190) includes a cover part (191) having a refrigerant inflow hole (191a) formed in the center;
A valve body (192) coupled to one side of the cover part (191) and having a refrigerant discharge hole (192a);
The refrigerant inflow hole (191a) is elastically opened and closed by an elastic member (194) which is installed between the cover (191) and the valve body (192) and is supported on the valve body (192) side. A valve body (193) to
The variable capacity swash plate compressor according to claim 1, wherein   The variable capacity swash plate compressor according to claim 1, wherein the check valve (190) is pushed into and coupled to the inside of the partition wall (135).

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