JP2007296925A - Shock-absorbing seat device - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a shock-absorbing seat device capable of surely absorbing a shock load applied to an occupant due to rear collision of a vehicle, in particular capable of protecting a head from shocks. <P>SOLUTION: When a shock load due to rear collision that a vehicle is collided from behind is applied to an occupant, a seat back 2c is rotated by rotation of a first link piece 45 and a third link piece 47, so as to cause a first shock absorbing action for absorbing shocks by a first damper 43 mounted to the first link piece 45. Thereafter, the seat back 2c is lowered downward by rotation of a second link piece 46 and the third link piece 47, so as to cause a second shock absorbing action for absorbing shocks by a second damper 44 mounted to the second link piece 46. The shock load applied to the occupant by the shock absorbing actions in first and second stages can be surely absorbed. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2008,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to an impact-absorbing seat device that cushions a load caused by a vehicle being collided from behind without greatly changing an inclination angle of a seat back with respect to a seat cushion.

  In the case of a vehicle seat, when the vehicle is involved in a rear collision that is collided from behind, the vehicle seat is pressed backward by inertial force against an occupant seated on the seat. At this time, since the seat back is almost in contact from the back of the occupant to the buttocks, there is almost no movement even if an inertial force is applied to the rear. However, the head is located away from the headrest especially in the case of an occupant driving a vehicle. When an inertia force is applied to the rear, the head moves rearward and is struck against the headrest. Then, the head was vigorously shaken back and forth by an external force, and the cervical vertebra and surrounding supporting tissues were damaged, and there was a high possibility of injuries such as whiplash.

  In order to prevent such an injury, an impact absorbing sheet device that protects an occupant by absorbing the load when a collision load due to a vehicle collision is applied to the occupant has been considered. In this shock-absorbing sheet device, in order to prevent the head from being shaken violently back and forth by an external force, only the headrest moves forward with the head, so that the headrest and the head Proposals have been made to reduce the distance or to reduce the distance between the headrest and the head by swinging the seat back itself forward.

  Among them, for example, Patent Document 1 discloses a technique for reducing the distance between the headrest and the head by swinging the seat back itself forward. In the shock absorbing sheet of Patent Document 1, a reclining device to which a seat back is attached is attached to a support plate (32). The support plate (32) is attached to a bracket (3) attached to the seat cushion side via a pivot link (27), a second pivot link (33) on the bow side, and an intermediate support plate (15). The pivot link (27) has a lower hole (29) rotatably attached to the support plate (32) and an upper hole (26) rotatably attached to the intermediate support plate (15). The pivot link (27) has a hole (28) that engages a weakened portion of the release element (23) attached to the intermediate support plate (15).

  As for the second pivot link (33), the second hole (35) is rotatably attached to the support plate (32), and the first hole (34) is freely rotatable to the intermediate support plate (15). Is attached. A substantially triangular guide hole (21) is provided at a position where the second hole (35) of the intermediate support plate (15) is attached, and the second pivot link (33) is provided in the first hole (34). ) Around the guide hole (21).

  If comprised in this way, if the collision load by a vehicle collision will be applied to a passenger | crew, a passenger | crew will apply a load back by inertia force, and will come to push a seat back backward. Then, as a first operation, the support plate (32) is moved backward through the reclining device with the pivot hole (26) and the first hole (34) as the rotation axis by the pivot link (27) and the second pivot link (33). , The lower part of the seat back moves rearward, and the upper part (including the headrest) of the seat back moves forward. At this time, the pivot link (27) is connected only when the weak part of the release element (23) engaged with the hole (28) of the pivot link (27) is strong enough to be destroyed. Is designed to rotate. Therefore, the distance between the headrest and the head is reduced, and the head can be prevented from being violently hit against the headrest.

  After the first operation, as the second operation, when the head comes into contact with the headrest, the headrest is pushed backward, so that the lower portion of the seat back moves forward. Then, the support plate (32) rotates about the lower hole (29) of the pivot link (27) as the axis, and the second hole (35) of the second pivot link (33) moves upward along the guide hole (21). To push up. Thereby, the second pivot link (33) is bent by the recess (38) of the second pivot link (33) to absorb the load and prevent the head from being shaken back and forth. .

JP 2000-516557 gazette

  However, in Patent Document 1, the impact is absorbed by bending the second pivot link in the second operation, and the impact is absorbed by the breakage of the fragile portion of the release element in the first operation. There is a reservoir before destruction, and since there is no resistance acting until the second operation is started after the fragile part is destroyed, there is a problem that the headrest hits the head due to sudden movement There is a possibility.

  Also, in the second operation, the second pivot link is bent to absorb the shock, but it is difficult to adjust the strength of the link and the absorption load due to the bending, and how long to accept a certain load. There is a possibility that inconvenience may occur that it is difficult to determine whether to use a link having a higher strength.

  Furthermore, in order to perform the first operation and the second operation, the second pivot link has to move along the side of the guide hole formed in a substantially triangular shape, but depending on the collision load applied to the occupant, There is a possibility that the first operation and the second operation as described above are not necessarily performed, and the movement does not follow the side of the guide hole, and the operation of absorbing the shock is not performed reliably.

  The present invention has been made in order to solve the above-described problem, and it is possible to reliably absorb an impact load applied to an occupant when the vehicle is collided from behind, and particularly to protect the head from the impact. An object is to provide an absorbent sheet device.

  In order to solve the above-described problem, in the shock absorbing seat device according to claim 1, a seat cushion side bracket attached together with the seat cushion to the vehicle body side, and a seat back side bracket attached to the seat cushion so as to be tiltable. And an impact absorbing device is attached so as to connect the seat cushion side bracket and the seat back side bracket. By a first shock absorbing operation for moving the lower portion of the seat back side bracket backward, and a second shock absorbing operation for moving the lower portion of the seat back side bracket downward from the position after the first shock absorbing operation. Shock absorbing sheet device capable of reducing load applied to passengers The impact absorbing device includes a first link piece connected between the seat back side bracket and the seat cushion side bracket and rotatably attached thereto, the seat back side bracket, and the seat cushion. A second link piece and a third link piece that are pivotally connected to the side bracket and that are also pivotally connected to each other; the first link piece and the seat cushion side A first shock absorbing member connected between the bracket and a second shock absorbing member connected between the second link piece and the seat cushion side bracket; The link piece is arranged such that the first shock absorbing member is pivotally attached to the center portion, and the distance from the third link piece is shortened from below to above. The second link piece connected to the third link piece is disposed at an angle with respect to the third link piece, and a central portion is rotatably attached to the seat cushion side bracket. In the first shock absorbing operation, the first and third link pieces rotate, and the first shock absorbing member is actuated by the rotation of the first link piece, whereby the second link. What is arranged so that the angle between the piece and the third link piece is an acute angle before the first shock absorbing operation is substantially perpendicular after the first shock absorbing operation. In the subsequent second shock absorbing operation, the third link piece and the second link piece are rotated, and the second shock absorbing member is rotated by the rotation of the second link piece. Activated, the second link piece and the second link piece The technical feature is that an angle between the third link piece and the third link piece moves from a substantially right angle after the first shock absorbing operation to an obtuse angle after the second shock absorbing operation.

  In the shock absorbing sheet device according to claim 2, the first shock absorbing member is disposed between the seat cushion side bracket and the first link piece so as to be substantially parallel to the traveling direction of the vehicle. The second shock absorbing member is disposed so as to be substantially perpendicular to the second link piece before the second shock absorbing operation, and after the second shock absorbing operation, The seat cushion side bracket is at an acute angle with respect to the second link piece and is substantially parallel to the third link piece from after the first shock absorbing operation until after the second shock absorbing operation. And the second link piece, the first and second shock absorbing members are activated when a certain load is applied, and the second shock absorbing member is the first shock absorbing member. Load required to operate more than Wherein the set to be larger.

  Further, in the shock absorbing seat device according to claim 3, the seat cushion side bracket attached to the vehicle body side together with the seat cushion, and the seat back side bracket attached to the seat cushion so as to be tiltable, An impact absorbing device is attached so as to suspend the seat cushion side bracket and the seat back side bracket. A load applied to the occupant is reduced by a first shock absorbing operation for moving the lower portion rearward and a second shock absorbing operation for moving the lower portion of the seat back side bracket downward from the position after the first shock absorbing operation. A shock absorbing sheet device capable of performing the shock absorbing sheet device. The apparatus is connected between the seat back side bracket and the seat cushion side bracket and is pivotally attached, and between the first link piece and the seat cushion side bracket. The first link piece is connected to the first shock absorbing member, and the second shock absorbing member is connected between the seat back side bracket and the seat cushion side bracket. In the first shock absorbing operation, the first shock absorbing member is rotatably attached to the portion, and the distance from the second shock absorbing member is shortened from the bottom to the top. The first link piece and the second shock absorbing member are rotated, and the first shock absorbing member is actuated by the rotation of the first link piece. In the shock absorbing operation, a technical feature is that the second shock absorbing member operates.

  According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in the shock absorbing seat device, the first shock absorbing member is disposed between the seat cushion side bracket and the first link piece so as to be substantially parallel to the traveling direction of the vehicle. The first and second shock absorbing members are actuated when a certain load is applied, and the second shock absorbing member is loaded with a load required to operate more than the first shock absorbing member. It is characterized by being set large

  Furthermore, in the impact absorbing sheet device according to claim 5, when the first impact absorbing member and the second impact absorbing member are operated to a certain position, a stopper member that stops the movement of the seat back side bracket is provided. It is provided.

  According to the impact absorbing seat device of the first aspect, the impact absorbing device has the first to third three link pieces that connect the seat cushion side bracket and the seat back side bracket, and from the rear of the vehicle. The first link piece has a distance from the third link piece in the first shock absorbing operation in which the lower part of the seat back moves rearward in accordance with the load applied to the occupant who has received the impact due to the rear-end collision. Since it is arranged so as to become shorter from the bottom to the top, the buttock is always in contact with the seat back from the back of the occupant, so the lower part of the seat back (the lower part of the bracket on the seat back side) moves backward, The upper part of the back (including the headrest) will move forward. Therefore, the distance between the headrest and the head can be reduced, and the head can be prevented from being violently hit against the headrest. Further, a first shock absorbing member connected between the first link piece and the seat cushion side bracket is rotatably attached to the central portion of the first link piece, and the first and third As the link piece rotates and the first impact absorbing member is actuated by the rotation of the first link piece, the shock can be absorbed more.

  Next, after the first shock absorbing operation, the head of the occupant comes into contact with the headrest, and the head and body are directly moved from the headrest to the seat back. Then, the seat back side bracket pivots downward with respect to the seat cushion side bracket by the second link piece and the third link piece that are pivotally attached to the seat cushion side bracket. The headrest is pivoted downward as the head and the body are pressed to absorb the shock applied to the head and prevent the head from being shaken back and forth. Further, even when this operation is performed, since the second shock absorbing member is operated by the rotation of the second link piece and operates while receiving the resistance force by the shock absorbing member, the shock can be absorbed more. it can.

  Further, in the first shock absorbing operation, the first and third link pieces rotate, and the first shock absorbing member is activated by the rotation of the first link piece, so that the second link piece and the third link piece are operated. What is arranged so that the angle between the link piece and the link piece is an acute angle before the first shock absorbing operation becomes substantially right after the first shock absorbing operation, and in the subsequent second shock absorbing operation, The third link piece and the second link piece rotate, and the second shock absorbing member is activated by the rotation of the second link piece, so that the second link piece and the third link piece are The angle becomes substantially obtuse after the second shock absorbing operation from a substantially right angle after the first shock absorbing operation. In this case, since the angle of the third link piece with respect to the second link piece is an acute angle before the first shock absorbing operation (normal time), it is difficult to apply a load to the second link piece. After the shock absorbing operation 1 is performed, the second link piece is likely to be loaded because it is almost perpendicular. In other words, since the second link piece is difficult to rotate during normal operation, it is possible to prevent the second link piece from operating before the first shock absorbing operation, and to rotate easily after the first shock absorbing operation. The second shock absorbing operation can be entered smoothly.

  In addition, since the first and second shock absorbing operations are all performed only by the rotation operation of the link piece, the operation is more uniform than the guide hole or the like that is moved along it. Thus, the load applied to the occupant can be surely reduced. Therefore, it is possible to reliably absorb the collision load applied to the occupant by the shock absorbing operation in the first and second stages.

  Further, in the shock absorbing seat device according to claim 2, the first shock absorbing member is connected between the seat cushion side bracket and the first link piece so as to be substantially parallel to the traveling direction of the vehicle. The second shock absorbing member is disposed so as to be substantially perpendicular to the second link before the second shock absorbing operation, and becomes acute with respect to the second link after the second shock absorbing operation. From the first shock absorbing operation to after the second shock absorbing operation, the seat cushion side bracket and the second link piece are connected so as to be substantially parallel to the third link. In this case, when the shock absorbing operation is performed, the first and second shock absorbing members are always attached in the direction in which the load is applied, so that the resistance force is surely given from the start of the operation. Can do. Further, since the second shock absorbing member has a larger load required to operate than the first shock absorbing member, the shock absorbing operation can be reliably operated from the first to the second. .

  Further, according to the shock absorbing seat device of claim 3, the shock absorbing device moves the lower part of the seat back to the rear in accordance with the load applied to the occupant who receives the impact from the rear impact of the vehicle. In the first shock absorbing operation, the first link piece and the second shock absorbing member that connect the seat cushion side bracket and the seat back side bracket are provided, and the first link piece has a first shock absorption at the center. Since the member is rotatably attached and is disposed so that the distance from the second shock absorbing member is shortened from the bottom to the top, the heel portion is always in contact with the seat back from the back of the occupant. The lower part of the seat back (lower part of the seat back side bracket) moves backward, and the upper part (including the headrest) of the seat back moves forward. Therefore, the distance between the headrest and the head can be reduced, and the head can be prevented from being violently hit against the headrest. In addition, a first shock absorbing member connected between the first link piece and the seat cushion side bracket is rotatably attached to the central portion of the first link, and the first link piece and the first link piece Since the second shock absorbing member rotates and the first shock absorbing member operates by the rotation of the first link piece, the shock can be absorbed more.

  Next, after the first shock absorbing operation, the head of the occupant comes into contact with the headrest, and the head and body are directly moved from the headrest to the seat back. Then, the seat back side bracket rotates downward with respect to the seat cushion side bracket by the operation of the second shock absorbing member, so that the seat back and the headrest rotate downward as the head and body push. It can move and absorb the shock applied to the head to prevent the head from being shaken back and forth. Also, when this operation is performed, the second shock absorbing member is operated while receiving the resistance force by the shock absorbing member, so that the shock can be absorbed more.

  In addition, since the first and second shock absorbing operations are performed only by the pivoting operation of the link, there is no variation in the operation and the operation is constant rather than providing a guide hole or the like and moving along the guide hole. The operation can be obtained and the load applied to the occupant can be reliably reduced. Further, by using the shock absorbing member as a link, the number of parts can be minimized. Therefore, it is possible to reliably absorb the collision load applied to the occupant by the shock absorbing operation in the first and second stages.

  Further, in the shock absorbing seat device according to claim 4, the first shock absorbing member is connected between the seat cushion side bracket and the first link piece so as to be substantially parallel to the traveling direction of the vehicle. Yes. In this case, when the shock absorbing operation is performed, the first and second shock absorbing members are always attached in the direction in which the load is applied, so that the resistance force is surely given from the start of the operation. Can do. Further, since the second shock absorbing member has a larger load required to operate than the first shock absorbing member, the shock absorbing operation can be reliably operated from the first to the second. .

  The shock absorbing sheet device according to claim 5 is provided with a stopper member that stops the movement of the seat back side bracket when the first shock absorbing member and the second shock absorbing member are operated to a certain position. Since the first and second shock absorbing members do not exceed the range in which the shock can be absorbed, it is possible to prevent the first and second shock absorbing members from working and preventing the passenger from being loaded again. .

  An impact absorbing sheet device 1 according to a first embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.

  As shown in FIG. 1 to FIG. 3, the shock absorbing seat device 1 according to the present invention is attached to a slide rail that allows a vehicle seat to slide back and forth, and a seat to which a seat cushion 2 a on which an occupant sits is attached. A reclining device 3 is provided for attaching the cushion bracket 2b and a seat back 2c that supports the back of the occupant to the seat cushion bracket 2b so that the seat cushion bracket 2b and the reclining device 3 are suspended. An impact absorbing device 4 is interposed. The gist of the present invention is that the impact absorbing device 4 is interposed so as to connect the seat cushion bracket 2b and the reclining device 3, and other members constituting the vehicle seat are generally used. It is similar to what is being done.

  The shock absorbing device 4 includes a “first support plate 41” attached to and supported by the seat cushion bracket 2b, a “second support plate 42” attached to and supported by the reclining device 3, and a first support plate 41. A “link mechanism” that connects the first and second support plates 42, a “first damper 43” (first shock absorbing member) that absorbs a load applied to the shock absorbing device 4, and a “second damper 44”. "(Second shock absorbing member) is the main component. Each element will be described with reference to FIGS.

  The first support plate 41 will be described. The first support plate 41 is attached to the seat cushion bracket 2b via a support member 41a (the support member 41a can be omitted depending on the shape of the seat cushion bracket 2b). The first support plate 41 is provided with link attachment holes 41b and 41c, and a “link mechanism” described later is attached to the attachment holes, and the second support plate 42 is connected via the “link mechanism”. The first support plate 41 is rotatably attached (connected). Further, the first support plate 41 is provided with a circular hole 41d, and when the shock absorbing device 4 receives a load, a "link mechanism" comes into contact and a stopper member 5 serving as a stopper is attached. ing. In the middle of the first support plate 41, an escape hole 41e is formed along the movement locus of the mounting pin 6 when the "link mechanism" rotates.

  The second support plate 42 is a substantially H-shaped plate material, and the reclining device 3 is attached to the lycra mounting holes 42a and 42b drilled in the upper two convex parts, and the lower two convex parts. A “link mechanism”, which will be described later, is rotatably attached to the link attachment holes 42c and 42d formed in the portion.

  In the present invention, the first support plate 41 is attached to the seat cushion bracket 2b, the second support plate 42 is attached to the reclining device 3, and the first and second support plates are connected by a link mechanism. When used in a seat without a reclining device such as a rear seat, there is no problem even if the link mechanism is directly attached and connected to the seat cushion side bracket 2b and the seat back side bracket 2d without using a support plate.

The “link mechanism” includes a first link piece 45, a second link piece 46, and a third link piece 47. The first link piece 45 is composed of two plates, and the upper end portion 45b of the first support plate 41 sandwiches the first support plate 41 with the two plates in the link mounting hole 41b of the first support plate 41, and It is pivotally attached. Further, the lower end portion 45c of the first link piece 45 sandwiches a washer 45a having the same thickness as the thickness of the first support plate 41 between the two plates, and is attached to the link of the second support plate 42. The hole 42c is rotatably attached. An attachment portion 43a of a first damper 43, which will be described later, is sandwiched between two plates and attached to the center portion of the first link piece 45 so as to be rotatable.

  The second link piece 46 is rotatably attached to the link attachment hole 41c of the first support plate 41 through a rotation hole 46a drilled in the center thereof by a pin or the like, and a third link piece 46 is attached to one end thereof. A link mounting hole 46b to which the link piece 47 is rotatably connected is drilled, and a damper mounting hole 46c to which a second damper 44 described later is rotatably mounted is drilled at the other end.

  The third link piece 47 is composed of two plates similarly to the first link piece 45, and the upper end portion 47b of the second link piece 46 is attached to the mounting hole 46b of the second link piece 46 by the two plates. The pieces 46 are connected so as to sandwich the pieces 46 so as to be rotatable. Further, the lower end portion 47c of the third link piece 47 sandwiches a washer 47a having the same thickness as the plate thickness of the second link piece 46 between the two plates, and the link of the second support plate 42. It is rotatably attached to the attachment hole 42d.

  The first and third link pieces 45 and 47 are set such that the distance between them decreases from the lower end portion toward the upper end portion. More specifically, the intersection of the straight lines connecting the end portions (the upper end portion 45b and the lower end portion 45c in the first link piece 45 and the upper end portion 47b and the lower end portion 47c in the third link piece 47) is from the headrest 2e to the seat cushion 2a. It is arrange | positioned so that it may become between. Further, since the first and third link pieces 45 and 47 rotate when the shock absorbing device 4 receives a load, two plates are used to maintain the strength to withstand the load. However, the same effect can be obtained by using a single plate with increased thickness by increasing the thickness.

  The first damper 43 is a pipe damper as shown in FIG. 6, and a shaft 43b is attached to a mounting portion 43a that is rotatably attached to the first link piece 45, and a hemisphere is attached to the tip of the shaft 43b. The body 43c is attached with a nut, and the hemisphere 43c is press-fitted in advance near the end in the cylindrical body 43d. A shaft hole 43e is bored at the end of the cylindrical body 43d, and is fixed to the seat cushion bracket 2b via the mounting bracket 48 while being pivotally supported by the mounting bracket 48.

  The second damper 44 has the same configuration as that of the first damper 43, and is pivotally mounted on a mounting portion 44a that is rotatably mounted by a pin 6 in a damper mounting hole 46c of the second link piece 46. 44b is attached, and a hemisphere 44c is attached to the tip of the shaft 44b by a nut, and the hemisphere 44c is press-fitted in advance toward the end in the cylindrical body 44d. A shaft hole 44e is formed at the end of the cylindrical body 44d, and is fixed to the first support plate 41 in a state where the shaft hole 44e is pivotally supported by the fixing bracket 49.

  In the dampers 43 and 44, when a load is applied, the shaft 43b (44b) is pulled, and the hemisphere 43c (44c) press-fitted into the cylindrical body 43d (44d) expands the cylindrical body 43d (44d). The continuous substantially constant resistance force by moving in the direction of the mounting portion of the cylindrical body 43d (44d) is used as an absorbing force for impact energy, thereby absorbing the impact. Further, the first damper 43 is operated before the second damper 44, and a load required to operate is set smaller than that of the second damper 44.

  Next, with reference to FIGS. 7 to 9, the operation of the shock absorbing sheet device according to the first embodiment of the present invention will be described.

  When a collision load is applied to the occupant due to a rear collision in which the vehicle is rear-projected from the rear, the occupant is loaded backward by the inertial force, and the seat back 2c is pushed backward from the place where the occupant is always in contact with the buttocks. become. Then, as the first shock absorbing operation, the second support plate 42 is moved backward by the first link piece 45 and the third link piece 47 about the upper end portions 45b and 47b of the respective link pieces through the reclining device. By moving, the lower part of the seat back 2c moves backward, and the upper part (including the headrest 2e) of the seat back 2c moves forward. As a result, the distance between the headrest 2e and the head can be reduced, and the head can be prevented from being hit hard against the headrest 2e.

  In addition, the first shock absorbing operation is started only when a load is applied to the first damper 43 to actuate the damper, and the first link piece 45 and the third link piece 47 are respectively When pivoting backward with the upper end portions 45b and 47b as the rotation axis, the attachment portion 43a of the first damper 43 pivotably attached to the first link piece 45 is pulled backward. Then, the shaft 43b attached to the attachment portion 43a is pulled, and the hemisphere 43c press-fitted into the cylindrical body 43d continues to move by moving toward the attachment portion of the cylindrical body 43d while expanding the cylindrical body 43d. The shock can be absorbed by using a substantially constant resistance force as a shock energy absorption force. As a result, the load applied to the occupant can be reduced even in the first shock absorbing operation of pushing the seat back 2c backward from the back of the occupant to the buttocks, and at the same time the headrest 2e is brought close to the head, so that the headrest is strongly struck with the headrest 2e. Can also be prevented.

  Further, as the second shock absorbing operation, the head rests on the headrest 2e after the first shock absorbing operation, and the head and body are left as they are in the headrest 2e and the seat back 2c. The back 2c tries to move downward. Then, the second support plate 42 is rotated by the second link piece 46 and the third link piece 47, the link attachment hole 46b of the second link piece 46 is lowered and the damper attachment hole 46c is raised upward, The second link piece 46 rotates until it comes into contact with the stopper member 5. Accordingly, the third link piece 47 is pushed down and the rear portion of the second support plate 42 (the link attachment hole 42d) is lowered downward, so that the head and body push the headrest 2e and the seat back 2c. Accordingly, the headrest 2e and the seat back 2c move downward to absorb the impact on the head and prevent the head from being shaken back and forth.

  The stopper member 5 regulates the rotation range of the second link piece 46 and prevents the hemisphere 44c of the second damper 44 attached to the second link piece 46 from coming off from the cylindrical body 44d. It is out. By doing so, the resistance force of the second damper 44 is interrupted, and it is possible to prevent the passenger from being loaded again. By the way, as the stopper means for the first damper 43, when the first link piece formed by the two plates to which the damper 43 is attached is rotated by the first shock absorbing operation, By abutting and stopping on the side portion 41 f of the support plate 41, it plays the role of a stopper. Of course, the same effect can be obtained by providing a separate stopper on the first support plate 41.

  Also, in the second shock absorbing operation, when the second link piece 46 rotates about the rotation hole 46a, the second damper 44 attached to the second link piece 46 is rotatably attached. The portion 44a is pulled substantially upward. Then, the shaft 44b attached to the attachment portion 44a is pulled, and the hemisphere 44c press-fitted into the cylindrical body 44d continues to move by moving toward the attachment portion of the cylindrical body 44d while expanding the cylindrical body 44d. The shock can be absorbed by using a substantially constant resistance force as a shock energy absorption force. As a result, even in the second shock absorbing operation following the first shock absorbing operation, it is possible to prevent severe back and forth shaking due to the head being separated from the headrest 2e after absorbing the shock. .

  As described above, in the impact absorbing sheet device according to the first embodiment of the present invention, the first link piece 45 and the third link member 3 are applied when a collision load is applied to the occupant due to a rear collision in which the vehicle is rear-projected from behind. The seat back 2c is rotated by the rotation of the link piece 47 and the impact is absorbed by the first damper 43 attached to the first link piece 45, thereby reducing the load applied to the occupant and the headrest 2e. A first shock absorbing operation is performed to reduce the distance between the head and the head and prevent the head from being struck hard against the headrest 2e. After that, the seat back 2c is lowered by the rotation of the second link piece 46 and the third link piece 47, and the impact is absorbed by the second damper 44 attached to the second link piece 46. In the first and second stages, the second shock absorbing operation is performed to absorb the shock applied to the head and prevent the head from shaking back and forth due to the head moving away from the headrest 2e after the first operation. The impact load applied to the occupant can be reliably absorbed by the shock absorbing operation.

  Next, a second embodiment according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.

  In the second embodiment, a part of the link piece of the link mechanism that connects the first support plate 41 and the second support plate 42 is replaced with a damper. As shown in FIG. 10, the link mechanism here includes a first link piece 450, a first damper 430, and a second damper 440.

  The first link piece 450 is composed of two plates, and the upper end portion 450b of the first link piece 450 is rotatable so that the first support plate 41 is sandwiched between the first support plate 41 and the two plates. It is attached. The lower end portion 450c of the first link piece 450 sandwiches a washer (corresponding to 45a of the first embodiment) having the same thickness as the thickness of the first support plate 41 between the two plates, and The second support plate 42 is rotatably attached. An attachment portion 43a of a first damper 430, which will be described later, is sandwiched between two plates and is rotatably attached to the center portion of the first link piece 450.

  The first damper 430 is the same as the first damper of the first embodiment described above as shown in FIG. 6, and is an attachment portion 43 a that is rotatably attached to the first link piece 450. The hemisphere 43c is attached to the tip of the shaft 43b with a nut, and the hemisphere 43c is press-fitted in advance toward the end in the cylindrical body 43d. A shaft hole 43e is bored at the end of the cylindrical body 43d, and is fixed to the seat cushion bracket 2b via the mounting bracket 48 while being pivotally supported by the mounting bracket 48.

  The second damper 440 is also the same as the second damper of the first embodiment described above, and a shaft 44b is attached to an attachment portion 44a that is rotatably attached to the second support plate 42. A hemisphere 44c is attached to the tip of the shaft 44b with a nut, and the hemisphere 44c is press-fitted in advance toward the end in the cylindrical body 44d. A shaft hole 44e is formed at the end of the cylindrical body 44d, and is fixed to the first support plate 41 in a state where the shaft hole 44e is pivotally supported by the fixing bracket 49.

  Also in the dampers 430 and 440, when a load is applied, the shaft 43b (44b) is pulled, and the hemisphere 43c (44c) press-fitted into the cylindrical body 43d (44d) expands the cylindrical body 43d (44d). The continuous substantially constant resistance force by moving in the direction of the mounting portion of the cylindrical body 43d (44d) is used as an absorbing force for impact energy, thereby absorbing the impact. Further, the first damper 430 is operated before the second damper 440, and a load required to operate is set smaller than that of the second damper 440.

  Next, the operation of the shock absorbing sheet device in the second embodiment of the present invention will be described. The operation of the sheet is the same as that of the first embodiment, as shown in FIGS.

  When a collision load is applied to the occupant due to a rear collision in which the vehicle is rear-projected from the rear, the occupant is loaded backward by the inertial force, and the seat back 2c is pushed backward from the place where the occupant is always in contact with the buttocks. become. Then, as the first shock absorbing operation, the second support plate 42 is moved through the reclining device by the first link piece 450 and the second damper 440, the upper end portion 450 b of the first link piece 450, the second damper 440. The lower part of the seat back 2c moves rearward and the upper part (including the headrest 2e) of the seat back 2c moves forward by moving the part pivotally supported by the fixed bracket 49 to the rear. Become. As a result, the distance between the headrest 2e and the head can be reduced, and the head can be prevented from being hit hard against the headrest 2e.

  The first shock absorbing operation is started only when the first damper 430 is subjected to a load for operating the damper, and the first link piece 450 and the second damper 440 are moved backward. When rotating, the attaching portion 43a of the first damper 430 attached to the first link piece 450 so as to freely rotate is pulled rearward. Then, the shaft 43b attached to the attachment portion 43a is pulled, and the hemisphere 43c press-fitted into the cylindrical body 43d continues to move by moving toward the attachment portion of the cylindrical body 43d while expanding the cylindrical body 43d. The shock can be absorbed by using a substantially constant resistance force as a shock energy absorption force. As a result, the load applied to the occupant can be reduced even in the first shock absorbing operation of pushing the seat back 2c backward from the back of the occupant to the buttocks, and at the same time the headrest 2e is brought close to the head, so that the headrest is strongly struck with the headrest 2e. Can also be prevented.

  Further, the second shock absorbing operation is continuously performed after the first shock absorbing operation. The head comes into contact with the headrest 2e after the first shock absorbing operation, and the head and body are left in the headrest 2e and the seat back 2c, and the headrest 2e and the seat back 2c try to move downward. Then, the 2nd support plate 42 rotates because the attaching part 44a of the 2nd damper 440 extends below. As a result, the rear portion of the second support plate 42 (in the direction of the link attachment hole 42d) is lowered, so that the headrest 2e and the seatback 2c are moved in accordance with the pressing of the headrest 2e and the seatback 2c by the head and the body. By moving downward, the shock applied to the head can be absorbed and the head can be prevented from being shaken back and forth.

  Further, in the second shock absorbing operation, as shown in FIG. 11, the second damper 440 directly operates and the attachment portion 44a is pulled substantially downward, thereby moving the headrest 2e and the seat back 2c downward. In addition, the impact can be absorbed by using a continuous resistance force that is substantially constant as the absorption capacity of the impact energy. As a result, even in the second shock absorbing operation following the first shock absorbing operation, it is possible to prevent severe back and forth shaking due to the head being separated from the headrest 2e after absorbing the shock. .

  Furthermore, in the second shock absorbing operation, the load applied to the occupant is reduced by the operation of the second damper 440, but when the damper is operated more than a certain amount, the hemisphere is detached from the cylindrical body, As a result of this reaction, the passenger is again loaded, and a stopper (corresponding to the stopper member 5 in the first embodiment) is provided on the seat cushion side bracket or the seat back side bracket so that the damper does not operate more than a certain amount. . As in the first embodiment, when the first damper 430 is rotated by the first shock absorbing operation, the first damper 430 comes into contact with the side portion 41f of the first support plate 41 and stops, thereby serving as a stopper. Plays. Of course, the same effect can be obtained by providing a separate stopper on the first support plate 41.

  As described above, in the impact absorbing sheet device according to the second embodiment of the present invention, the impact load applied to the occupant is reliably absorbed by the impact absorbing operation in the first and second stages with a simpler configuration. It can be done.

FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing a main part of an impact absorbing sheet device according to a first embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a perspective view (outside) showing attachment of the shock absorbing device. FIG. 3 is a perspective view (inner side) showing attachment of the shock absorbing device. FIG. 4 is an exploded perspective view (outside) showing the configuration of the shock absorbing device. FIG. 5 is an exploded perspective view (inner side) showing the configuration of the shock absorbing device. FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a damper (impact absorbing member). FIG. 7 is a side view showing a normal position of the shock absorbing sheet device. FIG. 8 is a side view showing a state after the first shock absorbing operation of the shock absorbing sheet device. FIG. 9 is a side view showing a state after the second shock absorbing operation of the shock absorbing sheet device. FIG. 10 is a schematic view showing a main part of an impact absorbing sheet device according to the second embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 11 is a side view of the main part showing a state after the second shock absorbing operation in the second embodiment.

Explanation of symbols

1 Shock Absorbing Seat Device 2a Seat Cushion 2b Seat Cushion Bracket 2c Seat Back 2d Seat Back Bracket 2e Headrest 3 Reclining Device 4 Shock Absorbing Device 41 First Support Plate (Seat Cushion Side)
41a Support members 41b, 41c Link mounting hole 41d Circular hole 41e Escape hole 42 Second support plate (seat back side)
42a, 42b Licra mounting holes 42c, 42d Link mounting holes 43, 430 First damper 44, 440 Second damper 43a, 44a Mounting portion 43b, 44b Shaft 43c, 44c Hemisphere 43d, 44d Cylindrical body 43e, 44e Shaft hole 45, 450 First link piece 46 Second link piece 47 Third link piece 45a, 47a Washers 45b, 47b, 450b Upper end 45c, 47c, 450c Lower end 46a Rotating hole 46b Link attachment hole 46c Damper attachment hole 48 Mounting bracket 49 Fixed bracket 5 Stopper member 6 Pin

Claims (5)

A seat cushion side bracket attached to the vehicle body together with the seat cushion,
A seat back side bracket attached to the seat cushion so as to be tiltable,
In the case of a rear collision in which an impact absorbing device is attached so as to connect the seat cushion side bracket and the seat back side bracket and the vehicle is rear-projected from the rear, the seat back side bracket with respect to the seat cushion side bracket A load applied to the occupant by a first shock absorbing operation for moving the lower part of the rearward of the vehicle and a second shock absorbing operation for moving the lower part of the bracket on the seat back side downward from the position after the first shock absorbing operation. A shock absorbing sheet device that can be reduced,
The impact absorbing device is connected between the seat back side bracket and the seat cushion side bracket, and a first link piece that is rotatably attached,
A second link piece and a third link piece, which are rotatably connected between the seat back side bracket and the seat cushion side bracket, and the link pieces are also rotatably connected to each other;
A first shock absorbing member coupled between the first link piece and the seat cushion side bracket;
A second impact absorbing member coupled between the second link piece and the seat cushion side bracket;
The first link piece is disposed so that the first shock absorbing member is pivotally attached to a central portion, and the distance from the third link piece is shortened from below to above,
The second link piece connected to the third link piece is disposed at an angle with respect to the third link piece, and a central portion is rotatably attached to the seat cushion side bracket,
In the first shock absorbing operation, the first and third link pieces rotate, the first shock absorbing member is operated by the rotation of the first link piece, and the second link piece and What is arranged so that the angle between the third link piece and the third shock piece is an acute angle before the first shock absorbing operation moves so as to become a substantially right angle after the first shock absorbing operation. And
In the subsequent second shock absorbing operation, the third link piece and the second link piece are rotated, and the second shock absorbing member is operated by the rotation of the second link piece, The angle between the second link piece and the third link piece moves from a substantially right angle after the first shock absorbing operation to an obtuse angle after the second shock absorbing operation. A shock-absorbing sheet device. The first shock absorbing member is connected between the seat cushion side bracket and the first link piece so as to be substantially parallel to the traveling direction of the vehicle,
The second shock absorbing member is disposed so as to be substantially perpendicular to the second link piece before the second shock absorbing operation, and after the second shock absorbing operation, the second shock absorbing member is disposed. The seat cushion side bracket and the second bracket have an acute angle with respect to the link piece, and are substantially parallel to the third link piece from after the first shock absorbing operation to after the second shock absorbing operation. Connected to the link piece of
The first and second shock absorbing members operate when a certain load is applied, and the second shock absorbing member has a larger load required to operate than the first shock absorbing member. The impact-absorbing sheet device according to claim 1. A seat cushion side bracket attached to the vehicle body together with the seat cushion,
A seat back side bracket attached to the seat cushion so as to be tiltable,
In the case of a rear collision in which an impact absorbing device is attached to suspend the seat cushion side bracket and the seat back side bracket and the vehicle is rear-projected from the rear, the seat back side bracket with respect to the seat cushion side bracket A load applied to the occupant by a first shock absorbing operation for moving the lower part of the rearward of the vehicle and a second shock absorbing operation for moving the lower part of the bracket on the seat back side downward from the position after the first shock absorbing operation. A shock absorbing sheet device that can be reduced,
The impact absorbing device is connected between the seat back side bracket and the seat cushion side bracket, and a first link piece that is rotatably attached,
The first shock absorbing member coupled between the first link piece and the seat cushion side bracket;
A second impact absorbing member coupled between the seat back side bracket and the seat cushion side bracket, wherein the first link absorbing member is rotatable at a central portion of the first link piece. Is disposed such that the distance from the second shock absorbing member is shortened from below to above,
In the first shock absorbing operation, the first link piece and the second shock absorbing member are rotated, and the first shock absorbing member is operated by the rotation of the first link piece. In the second shock absorbing operation, the second shock absorbing member is actuated. The first shock absorbing member is connected between the seat cushion side bracket and the first link piece so as to be substantially parallel to the traveling direction of the vehicle,
The first and second shock absorbing members operate when a certain load is applied, and the second shock absorbing member has a larger load required to operate than the first shock absorbing member. The impact-absorbing sheet device according to claim 3.   The stopper member which stops the movement of the said seat back side bracket when the said 1st impact-absorbing member and the said 2nd impact-absorbing member act | operate to a fixed position is provided. The shock absorbing sheet device according to any one of the above.

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