JP2007292449A - Refrigerating machine system and cooling water tank - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To divide and isolate a refrigerating machine and a cooling tower by every apparatus through a cooling water tank in a cooling water system at a condenser side of a refrigerating machine system. <P>SOLUTION: This cooling water system at the condenser side of the refrigerating machine system comprises a refrigerating machine circuit having the refrigerating machine and a cooling water pump, a cooling tower circuit having the cooling tower and a cooling tower pump, and a cooling water tank partitioned into a water tank for low-temperature water, a water tank for intermediate-temperature water and a water tank for high-temperature water, the refrigerating machine circuit is disposed between the water tank for intermediate-temperature water and the water tank for high-temperature water, the cooling tower circuit is disposed between the water tank for low-temperature water and the water tank for high-temperature water, a tank spacing wall partitioning the water tank for low-temperature water and the water tank for intermediate-temperature water, is provided with an opening for forming the waterfall of the cooling water falling from the water tank for low-temperature water to the water tank for intermediate-temperature water by utilizing the difference in water levels between the water tank for low-temperature water and the water tank for intermediate-temperature water, and a tank spacing wall partitioning the water tank for intermediate-temperature water and the water tank for high-temperature water is provided with an opening for forming the waterfall of the cooling water falling from the water tank for high-temperature water to the water tank for intermediate-temperature water by utilizing the difference in water levels between the water tank for high-temperature water and the water tank for intermediate-temperature water. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2008,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a refrigerator system and a cooling water tank used for an air conditioner or the like.

Conventionally, this kind of refrigerator system manufactures the cold water used by the air conditioning apparatus of comparatively large capacity | capacitances, such as a central type air conditioning apparatus of an office building, a semiconductor factory, etc. (for example, refer patent document 1).
One example will be described with reference to FIG.
For example, chilled water used in the cooling coil 8 of the air conditioner 7 such as a central air conditioner in an office building or a relatively large capacity air conditioner such as a semiconductor factory is cooled by the evaporator of the refrigerator 1 and the circulation pump 2. As shown by the arrow, it is conveyed on the cold water going path through the going header 5. The cold water heated by the cooling coil 8 of the air conditioner 7 returns from the cold water return path to the refrigerator 1 via the return header 6 as indicated by the arrow. The refrigerator 1 constitutes a refrigeration cycle that uses the latent heat of evaporation of refrigerant gas such as an evaporator, a compressor, a condenser, an expansion valve, and an evaporator, and a cooling water pump from a cooling tower 3 installed outdoors. As shown by the arrow through 4, the cooling water conveyed in the cooling water going path is introduced into the condenser of the refrigerator 1, is heat-exchanged with the refrigerant of the refrigeration cycle, is heated, and is cooled by the cooling water return path. 3 is conveyed. Then, the cooling water which is cooled by exchanging heat with the atmosphere in the cooling tower 3 is conveyed through the cooling water going path via the cooling water pump 4 as indicated by arrows. When a plurality of refrigerators 1 and cooling towers 3 are used in combination, each refrigerator 1 is connected to a forward header 5 and a return header 6 and is connected to a condenser of each refrigerator 1. The forward path and the cooling water return path are each connected to a plurality of cooling towers, or connected together to a large collective cooling tower.
FIG. 3 of JP-A-10-9796

However, in the cooling water system on the condenser side of the conventional refrigerator system, the condenser of the refrigerator 1, the cooling tower 3, and the cooling water pump 4 are connected by a single pipe to form an independent closed circuit. Therefore, even if any device in the circuit malfunctions, the independent system falls into a disconnected state, and even if a plurality of systems are arranged in parallel, there is a possibility that a large output shortage occurs. Further, even if one device in the system is regularly maintained even if the device is not malfunctioning, the entire system must be stopped.
The present invention was made in order to solve such a conventional problem, and its purpose is to provide a refrigerator and a cooling tower via a cooling water tank in the cooling water system on the condenser side of the refrigerator system. Even if a malfunction occurs in any one of a plurality of refrigerators, one of a plurality of cooling towers, or one of a plurality of cooling water pumps. It is an object of the present invention to provide a refrigerator system and a cooling water tank that can be maintained freely without causing a large output shortage by recombining and backing up normal devices of the same type and other devices.

  In the cooling water system on the condenser side of the refrigerator system, the invention according to claim 1 is a refrigerator circuit having a refrigerator and a cooling water pump, a cooling tower circuit having a cooling tower and a cooling tower pump, and low-temperature water. A cooling water tank partitioned into a water tank, a medium-temperature water tank and a high-temperature water tank, the refrigerator circuit is arranged between the medium-temperature water tank and the high-temperature water tank, and the cooling tower circuit is for low-temperature water The tank separation wall, which is arranged between the water tank and the high-temperature water tank and separates the low-temperature water tank and the medium-temperature water tank, uses the water level difference between the low-temperature water tank and the medium-temperature water tank. An opening is formed to form a waterfall that drops cooling water from the water tank to the medium temperature water tank, and the tank interval wall that separates the medium temperature water tank and the high temperature water tank is a space between the high temperature water tank and the medium temperature water tank. Opening that forms a waterfall that drops cooling water from the hot water tank to the medium hot water tank using the water level difference And wherein the are.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the refrigerator system according to the first aspect, the opening provided in the tank interval wall that separates the low temperature water tank and the intermediate temperature water tank includes the high temperature water tank and the intermediate temperature water tank. It is located higher than the opening provided in the tank space | interval wall which partitions off.
The invention according to claim 3 is the refrigerator system according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the heat exchanger circuit having the heat exchanger and the circulation pump is disposed between the high-temperature water tank and the low-temperature water tank. It is characterized by being arranged.

  The invention according to claim 4 is the cooling water tank used in the cooling water system on the condenser side of the refrigerator system, comprising a low temperature water tank, a medium temperature water tank, and a high temperature water tank, and a low temperature water tank, An opening that forms a waterfall that drops cooling water from the low-temperature water tank to the medium-temperature water tank using the difference in water level between the low-temperature water tank and the medium-temperature water tank in the tank wall that partitions the medium-temperature water tank Cooling water from the high-temperature water tank to the intermediate-temperature water tank is utilized on the tank interval wall that separates the intermediate-temperature water tank and the high-temperature water tank from the water level difference between the high-temperature water tank and the intermediate-temperature water tank. An opening for forming a waterfall that falls is provided.

In the cooling water system on the condenser side of the refrigeration system, the cooling tower capacity changes greatly with the seasonal fluctuation of the outside air temperature, and the cooling water temperature fluctuates greatly. The capacity of the refrigerator, cooling water pump, and cooling tower of the refrigerator system is selected according to the total cooling load during the summer when the building load and the outdoor air load are the highest. Therefore, when the outside air temperature decreases in seasons other than summer, the capacity of the cooling tower using outside air as a heat source is increased, but the building load and the outside air load are reduced, and the capacity of the equipment becomes excessive. Therefore, part of the cooling tower is stopped during the intermediate period and winter period, and the total flow rate of the cooling water pump can be reduced.
Refrigerators increase in efficiency by reducing the capacity of the compressor against the decrease in cooling water temperature introduced into the condenser due to the increased capacity of the cooling tower and the decrease in the outside air temperature at times other than summer, The coefficient of performance (COP) = the amount of heat taken by the evaporator (kcal) / (the amount of power required for the compressor (KW) × 860 (kcal / KW)) is improved, and the power consumption can be reduced.
Therefore, in the present invention, in order to operate the refrigerator with high efficiency with respect to the refrigerator load other than the peak load time in summer, the cooling water system is not a closed system but a cooling water tank is installed to collect the cooling water once. Controlling the number of operating units, including stopping the cooling tower fan and cooling water pump so as to manage the cooling water temperature of the aquarium, enables efficient operation of the cold heat source equipment and energy saving.

Further, in a cold heat source system, normally, an independent closed circuit of a refrigerator, a cooling tower, and a pump is formed, so that even if any malfunction occurs in that circuit, the independent system falls into a disconnected state. . In addition, in the case where one device in the system is maintained, the entire system is stopped.
On the other hand, in the cooling water system on the condenser side of the refrigeration system, the present invention divides the chiller and the cooling tower through the cooling water tank so as to be divided and independent for each device. Even if one of the cooling towers, one of the cooling towers, or one of the cooling water pumps malfunctions, the other normal devices of the same type and other devices should be backed up. It is an object of the present invention to provide a refrigerator system and a cooling water tank that do not fall into a large output shortage and can be maintained freely. For this reason, since it can be handled as a refrigerator group including a cooling water pump and a cooling tower group including a cooling water pump, if there is one spare machine in each group, the periodic maintenance can be performed even at the maximum load. It is possible to operate the equipment for the maximum load capacity in total, and it can respond properly, and there is no shortage of output.

According to the present invention, in the winter or intermediate period, in the case where the front heating load for humidifying the outside air in the outdoor air conditioner or the use of hot water occurs, the exhaust heat on the condenser side of the refrigerator is reduced. Since it is collected once in the high-temperature water tank of the cooling water tank, it can be used as a heating heat source by connecting a separate circulation path from here to the load, the high-temperature water tank and the low-temperature water tank and circulating with a pump. The number of operating units can be reduced and the number of operating cooling towers can be reduced, reducing energy consumption. Since the exhaust heat on the condenser side of the refrigerator is about 37 ° C., sufficient pre-heating is possible to humidify the outside air in the outdoor air conditioner and to humidify the water up to the 11 ° C. dew point required by semiconductor manufacturing factories. I can pay.
According to the present invention, the refrigerator and the cooling tower do not form a fixed pair by forming a closed circuit with the piping, and the refrigerator group and the cooling tower group can be formed as separate piping systems. A cooling tower group is formed by combining cooling towers having different characteristics, and white smoke prevention and road surface freezing prevention measures can be efficiently performed according to weather conditions.

  According to the present invention, when the exhaust heat of the by-product generated in the refrigeration cycle condenser of the refrigerator intended for cooling is used as a heating heat source, the exhaust heat remaining without partitioning is dissipated to the atmosphere in the cooling tower. In the case of, etc., a cooling water tank as a buffer that absorbs sudden changes in water temperature is interposed, so that the heat capacity of refrigerators, cooling towers, cooling coils, heating heat exchangers, heating coils, pipes and automatic control of them The risk of disturbance in the heat source system can be avoided due to the characteristics of the control system. Similarly, a cooling water tank as a buffer that absorbs sudden changes in water temperature intervenes to enable switching to maintain the system with high efficiency against fluctuations in load and weather conditions, as well as periodic maintenance and equipment. It is possible to suppress the occurrence of turbulence in the entire cooling water system of the refrigerator system due to switching of operating equipment due to trouble.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described based on embodiments shown in the drawings.
1 to 3 show a refrigerator system 10 and a cooling water tank 50 according to an embodiment of the present invention.
The refrigerator system 10 according to this embodiment includes three refrigerator circuits 20a, 20b, and 20c, three cooling tower circuits 30a, 30b, and 30c, two heat exchanger circuits 40a and 40b, and a low-temperature water tank. 51, a cooling water tank 50 partitioned into a medium temperature water tank 52 and a high temperature water tank 53.

The three refrigerator circuits 20a, 20b, and 20c have refrigerators 21, 23, and 25 and cooling water pumps 22, 24, and 26, respectively, and are arranged between the medium-temperature water tank 52 and the high-temperature water tank 53. ing. The cooling water pumps 22, 24, and 26 may be driven by a frequency control motor using an inverter that can control the rotational speed in order to adjust the flow rate.
The three cooling tower circuits 30 a, 30 b, 30 c have cooling towers 31, 33, 35 and cooling tower pumps 32, 34, 36, respectively, and are arranged between the low-temperature water tank 51 and the high-temperature water tank 53. Has been. The cooling tower pumps 32, 34, and 36 may be driven by a frequency control motor using an inverter that can control the number of revolutions in order to adjust the flow rate.

  The two heat exchanger circuits 40 a and 40 b have heat exchangers 41 and 43 and circulation pumps 42 and 44, and are arranged between the high temperature water tank 53 and the low temperature water tank 51. Here, the heat exchangers 41 and 43 generally use high-temperature cooling water pumped from a high-temperature water tank as a heating heat source for heating the heat medium (air or water) on the secondary side of the heat exchanger to about 30 ° C. Used for. The temperature of the high-temperature cooling water can be raised to a maximum of about 37 ° C., which is the rated outlet water temperature on the condenser side of a normal refrigerator. In some special refrigerators, the temperature at the outlet of the condenser supplied to the high-temperature water tank is raised to 40 ° C. or higher. By using this, the temperature of the high-temperature cooling water can be raised to about 40 ° C. The heat exchangers 41 and 43 can be used for heating pure water by using this high-temperature cooling water as a heat source and flowing pure water to the secondary side of the heat exchanger. If the intake air flows to the secondary side of the heat exchanger, It can also be used as a heat source for heating the outside air so that the outside air can be heat-insulated and humidified up to the 11 ° C. dew point required by a semiconductor manufacturing plant or the like by humidifying the outside air with an outside air conditioner in winter.

  The cooling water tank 50 is divided into a low temperature water tank 51, a medium temperature water tank 52, and a high temperature water tank 53 by a tank interval wall 54 and a tank interval wall 56. The tank spacing wall 54 that separates the low temperature water tank 51 and the intermediate temperature water tank 53 from the low temperature water tank 51 to the intermediate temperature water tank using the difference in water level between the low temperature water tank 51 and the intermediate temperature water tank 52. An opening 55 is provided to form a waterfall for dropping cooling water to 52. A tank spacing wall 56 that separates the intermediate temperature water tank 52 and the high temperature water tank 53 from the high temperature water tank 53 to the intermediate temperature water tank using a difference in water level between the high temperature water tank 53 and the intermediate temperature water tank 52. An opening 57 is formed to form a waterfall for dropping cooling water to 52.

The low-temperature water tank 51, the medium-temperature water tank 52, and the high-temperature water tank 53 of the cooling water tank 50 are not intended to store heat, but are associated with changes in the operating conditions of the system due to fluctuations in outside air conditions and load fluctuations. In order to suppress variations in the water temperature in the aquarium, it will vary slightly depending on the overall length of the system, but it should be about a few minutes (2 to 3 minutes) of the circulating water volume at maximum load.
The low-temperature water tank 51 is cooled by cooling towers 31, 33, 35 (cooling tower pumps 32, 34, 36 flow at the rated water amount at the maximum load in summer, and cool if the cooling tower inlet temperature is 37 ° C. The cooling water is cooled to a tower outlet temperature of 32 ° C. In winter, the total flow rate of the cooling tower pump is reduced and the outside air temperature is lowered. For example, if the cooling tower inlet temperature is 37 ° C, the cooling tower outlet temperature is reduced. Cooling water cooled to 27 ° C.) and water in the low-temperature water tank is mixed, so it is averaged to a low temperature as low-temperature cooling water, and between the tanks with the medium-temperature water tank 52 The cooling water cooled to the intermediate temperature water tank 52 is sent to the waterfall tank 52 using waterfall difference between the two tanks through the opening 55 provided in the partition wall 54. In part of the summer and intermediate periods, the cooling water temperature in the low temperature water tank 51 is managed in the operating state of the cooling towers 31, 33, and 35. Further, in the winter season or the like, it is also a cooling water receiving water tank that is used as a heating source that has passed through the heat exchanger circuits 40a and 40b from the high-temperature water water tank 53 to be cooled and returned. In this case, the temperature and flow rate of the return water from the heat exchanger circuits 40 a and 40 b are also used as a management signal for the cooling water temperature in the low temperature water tank 51.

The medium-temperature water tank 52 is a cooling water supply tank that is usually adjusted by the low-temperature water tank 51 to the refrigerators 21, 23, 25. In the winter and intermediate periods, the low-temperature water tank 51 has an opening 55. There is a stirring and mixing of the waterfall-like low-temperature cooling water that falls and flows in and the waterfall-like high-temperature cooling water that falls and flows from the high-temperature water tank 53 through the opening 57, and a temperature adjustment function.
The low-temperature cooling water that falls from the opening 55 and the high-temperature cooling water that falls through the opening 57 are generated in the winter and intermediate periods. The amount of cooling water on the refrigerator side is at the inlet and outlet of the condenser of the refrigerator. While operating with the temperature difference kept at 5 ° C., the water temperature difference between the inlets and outlets of the cooling towers 31, 33, 35 is due to an increase in cooling tower capacity due to a decrease in outside air temperature and a reduction in cooling load due to a decrease in outside air temperature. This is caused by a flow rate that is less than half the rated ratio of the cooling tower pumps 32, 34, 36 due to, for example, a difference of 10 ° C. instead of a difference of 5 ° C. of the rating. The cooling water flowing through the condensers of the refrigerators 21, 23, 25 has a temperature difference of 5 ° C. even if it is smaller than the rating due to the reduction of the cooling load. If the total flow rate of the refrigerator circuits 20 a +20 b + 20 c at this time is 1, If the inlet / outlet water temperature difference of the towers 31, 33, 35 is 10 ° C. and the flow rates of the heat exchanger circuits 40a, 40b are zero, the total flow rate of the cooling tower circuits 30a + 30b + 30c is 0.5. Therefore, when the refrigerant circuit 20a, 20b, 20c is pumped from the intermediate-temperature water tank 52 at a flow rate of 1 and transferred to the high-temperature water tank 53, the cooling tower circuits 20a, 20b, 20c The low-temperature water tank 51 is transferred to the low-temperature water tank 51 at a flow rate of 0.5, and the remaining 0.5 becomes surplus in the high-temperature water tank 53 and is poured down into the medium-temperature water tank 52 through the opening 57. The medium-temperature water tank 52 is supplied with the cooling water having a flow rate of 0.5 poured from the low-temperature water tank 51 through the cooling tower circuits 30a, 30b, and 30c through the opening 55.
The high-temperature water tank 53 receives the high-temperature cooling water in which the exhaust heat from the refrigerant in the refrigeration cycle by the condensers of the refrigerators 21, 23, 25 is heat-exchanged, and the cooling tower pumps of the cooling tower circuits 30 a, 30 b, 30 c Refrigerator exhaust heat pumped up by the circulation pumps 42 and 44 of the heat exchanger circuits 40a and 40b is used as a supply source of high-temperature cooling water pumped up by the pumps 32, 34 and 36 and sent to the cooling towers 31, 33 and 35. The high-temperature cooling water to be carried becomes a supply source for supplying water to the heating load as a heat source. Furthermore, the capacity of the cooling towers 31, 33, and 35 increases with a decrease in the outside air temperature in the intermediate period and winter, and a large cooling water temperature difference occurs, so that the number of operating cooling towers 31, 33, and 35 is larger than the number of operating refrigerators. When the water temperature is reduced, the water is dropped into a waterfall using the water level difference between the two tanks from the opening 57 provided in the tank interval wall 56 between the water tank 52 and the warm water tank 52. To control the water temperature of the medium temperature water tank 52 and to secure the amount of water supplied to the refrigerators 21, 23, 25.

  And the opening 55 provided in the tank space | interval wall 54 which divides the low temperature water tank 51 and the intermediate temperature water tank 52 is provided with the opening 57 provided in the tank space wall 56 which partitions the high temperature water tank 53 and the intermediate temperature water tank 52. It is formed to be located at a higher place. Thus, the low-temperature water tank 51, the medium-temperature water tank 52, and the high-temperature water tank 53 can always hold the water level so that the low-temperature water tank 51 becomes high, and the operation of the refrigerator group and the cooling tower group In addition, the intermediate temperature water tank 52 can be held such that the water level is always lower than that of the high temperature water tank 53. Therefore, the flow direction can always be determined from the low temperature water tank 51 to the medium temperature water tank 52 and from the high temperature water tank 53 to the medium temperature water tank 52, and the flow direction is changed inadvertently. Unexpected water temperature mixing can be avoided. Therefore, the functional purpose of each tank is clarified.

The openings 55 and 57 and the waterfall will be described. By providing the openings 55 and 57, the low-temperature water tank 51, the medium-temperature water tank 52, and the high-temperature water tank 53 each maintain a predetermined water level to generate waterfall-like waterfall, which occurs simultaneously with the collision stirring by the waterfall. The mixture of the two (water and water in the medium-temperature water tank) or the three (water in the medium-temperature water tank and the water in the medium-temperature water tank) is quickly mixed with the agitation action caused by the rising of the bubbles. It is possible to reduce the internal temperature difference.
The refrigerators 21, 23, and 25 are respectively connected to the inlet and outlet of the evaporator of the refrigerator so that cold water can be supplied to the cold water coil of the air conditioner as in the conventional device shown in FIG. And a pipe line connecting the return header.

Next, the operation of the refrigerator system 10 according to the present embodiment configured as described above will be described.
FIG. 4 shows a normal operation at a cooling peak load in summer.
In the refrigerator system of FIG. 1 and FIG. 4 without a spare machine, the three refrigerators 21, 23, 25 and the three cooling towers 31, 33, 35 are all fully operated, and the three refrigerator circuits 20a. , 20b, 20c and the three cooling tower circuits 30a, 30b, 30c, the respective cooling water pumps and cooling tower pumps are operated at rated flow rates. In FIG. 4, the operated circuit is indicated by a bold line. Thereby, the cooling water pumped up from the intermediate temperature water tank 52 by the cooling water pumps 22, 24, and 26 of the three refrigerator circuits 20a, 20b, and 20c passes through the condensers of the refrigerators 21, 23, and 25, respectively. Heat exchange with the refrigerant in the refrigeration cycle results in a high temperature, which is sent to the high temperature water tank 53. The cooling water pumped up from the high-temperature water tank 53 by the cooling tower pumps 32, 34, and 36 of the three cooling tower circuits 30a, 30b, and 30c is cooled by the cooling towers 31, 33, and 35, respectively. 51 is sent out. Here, at the peak load in summer, the wet bulb temperature of the outside air rises to a maximum of about 27 ° C. Therefore, 37 ° C high-temperature cooling water that has been exchanged by the condenser of the refrigerator is introduced into the cooling tower. However, even if the cooling tower has a full rated capacity and heat exchange with the outside air, it can only be cooled to 32 ° C, and the inlet / outlet temperature difference of the cooling tower is 5 ° C. The cooling water at the inlet / outlet of the cooling tower is substantially equal to the inlet / outlet cooling water temperature difference of 5 ° C. and the absolute values of 32 ° C. and 37 ° C. of the condenser of the refrigerator. Therefore, the amount of cooling water pumped from the intermediate temperature water tank 52 by the refrigerator circuit is equal to the amount of cooling water pumped by the cooling tower circuit from the high temperature water tank 53. Therefore, a water flow from the opening 57 of the high-temperature water tank 53 toward the medium-temperature water tank 52 does not occur, and falls as a waterfall from the opening 55 of the low-temperature water tank 51 toward the medium-temperature water tank 52.
The refrigerators 21, 23, and 25 are capacity-controlled following the load, and the cooling towers 31, 33, and 35 are controlled in number or fan so as to keep the low-temperature water tank 51 at 32 ° C.

FIG. 5 shows normal operation in winter.
The outside air temperature becomes low, the outside air load and the building load decrease, and the outside air of the other party that exchanges heat in the cooling tower becomes low temperature, so that the capacity of the cooling tower increases. For example, two refrigerators 21, 23 and 1 The cooling tower 31 is operated. As a result, the cooling water in the water tank 52 for medium temperature water is pumped up by the cooling water pumps 22 and 24 of the two refrigerator circuits 20a and 20b, and heat is exchanged with the refrigerant of the refrigeration cycle in the condensers of the refrigerators 21 and 23, respectively. It is heated by this and becomes 37 degreeC high temperature cooling water, and is sent out to the water tank 53 for high temperature water. In this case, the amount of cooling water on the refrigerator side is operated while maintaining the temperature difference at the inlet and outlet of the condenser of the refrigerator at 5 ° C. On the other hand, the difference in water temperature at the inlet and outlet of the cooling tower can be 10 ° C difference instead of the rated 5 ° C difference due to the increase of the cooling tower capacity due to the decrease in outside air temperature. It can be demonstrated. Therefore, the cooling water in the high temperature water tank 53 is pumped up by the cooling tower pump 32 of one cooling tower circuit 30 a, cooled by the cooling tower 31, and sent to the low temperature water tank 51. The cooling water sent by the cooling tower circuit 30 a sent to the low temperature water tank 51 falls as a waterfall from the opening 55 toward the medium temperature water tank 52. Here, since the cooling tower exhibits a cooling capacity double that of the peak load in summer and the temperature difference of the cooling tower pump 32 can be sent at 10 ° C. instead of 5 ° C., the refrigerator circuit 20a, Of the cooling water pumped from the intermediate temperature water tank 52 to the high temperature water tank in 20b, the flow rate for one refrigerator circuit that was not pumped to the cooling tower circuit is from the opening 57 of the high temperature water tank 53 for medium temperature water. It falls as a waterfall toward the aquarium 52.

In the present embodiment, the exhaust heat transferred to the cooling water by heat exchange with the refrigerant of the refrigeration cycle in the condensers of the refrigerators 21 and 23 is transferred to the high temperature water tank 53 by the two heat exchanger circuits 40a and 40b. Cooling water is used as a heat source, pumped up by circulation pumps 42 and 44, and pure water is used to heat the secondary side of the heat exchanger and used for heating pure water, or outside air is introduced to the secondary side of the heat exchanger and used in winter. It is also used as a heat source for pre-heating of the outside air that can humidify the outside air up to the 11 ° C. dew point required by a semiconductor manufacturing factory etc. by humidifying the outside air with an outside air conditioner.
According to the present embodiment, the cooling capacity of the cooling tower increases as the outside air temperature decreases, so the cooling tower processing heat amount becomes larger than the exhaust heat quantity in the condenser of the refrigerator, and thus depends on the measured temperature of the low temperature water tank 51. Based on the control signal, the number of fans or the number of rotations of the cooling towers 31, 33, and 35 and the cooling tower pumps 32, 34, and 36 are controlled (for fan and pump power saving). The temperature of the low-temperature water tank 51 is changed according to the season and load, such as 27 ° C., for example.

  When the operation number control of the cooling tower pumps 32, 34, 36 is performed by the measured temperature control signal of the low temperature water tank 51, the two refrigerators 21, 23 are operated, that is, both the refrigerator circuits 20a, 20b are operated. In some cases, the cooling water pump is operated and only one cooling tower circuit 30a is operated, so that the refrigerator system is established. At this time, when two cooling water pumps 22 and 24 operate and one cooling tower pump 32 works, if the flow rates of the cooling water pumps 22 and 24 and the cooling tower pumps 32, 34 and 36 are the same, Since the amount of cooling water for one cooling tower pump becomes excessive in the high temperature water tank 53, water falls and flows from the high temperature water tank 53 to the intermediate temperature water tank 52 through the opening 57, and the low temperature water tank 51. Since there is also a supply of low-temperature cooling water through the opening 55, the inflow from the low-temperature water tank 51 and the high-temperature water tank 53 into the already filled water of the intermediate-temperature water tank 52 in the intermediate-temperature water tank 52. It is necessary for these three parties to mix and homogenize promptly. If mixing is not uniform, the temperature of the cooling water pumped into the refrigerator circuit will fluctuate, which will hinder proper cooling of the cold water by the refrigerator. These mixing and agitation mechanisms are accumulated by the ripples caused by the collision between the cooling water supplied as the falling water from the openings 55 and 57 and the water stored in the intermediate temperature water tank 52 and the potential energy of the falling water mass. Air bubbles generated in the pooled water in the hot water tank 52 due to air entrainment caused by rushing into the water and convection caused by it, vortices generated when the falling water mass flows in, and disturbance of the water surface It is used for agitation due to the speed difference from the convection of water due to the water, and is mixed very uniformly. For example, the sum of the point where the falling water parabola at the flow rate of one cooling tower pump 32 that falls from the opening 55 intersects the stable water level of the medium-temperature water tank 52 and the cooling water pumps 22 and 24 that fall from the opening 57. If the distance between the tank interval wall 54 and the tank interval wall 56 is set so that the parabola of the falling water due to the flow rate substantially coincides with the point where the water level of the stable medium temperature water tank 52 intersects, the falling water at different temperatures falls. The water mass can be mixed well and the effect can be further demonstrated.

FIG. 6 shows the normal operation in the intermediate period.
Since the outside air becomes low temperature, the outside air load and the building load decrease, and the outside air of the partner to exchange heat in the cooling tower becomes low temperature, the capacity of the cooling tower increases. For example, three refrigerators 21, 23, 25 And two cooling towers 31 and 33 are operated. As a result, the cooling water in the medium-temperature water tank 52 is pumped up by the cooling water pumps 22, 24, and 26 of the three refrigerator circuits 20a, 20b, and 20C, and the refrigeration cycle of the refrigerators 21, 23, and 25 is respectively performed. It is heated by exchanging heat with the refrigerant and becomes high-temperature cooling water at 37 ° C., and is sent to the high-temperature water tank 53. In this case, the amount of cooling water on the refrigerator side is operated while maintaining the temperature difference at the inlet and outlet of the condenser of the refrigerator at 5 ° C. On the other hand, the water temperature difference at the inlet and outlet of the cooling tower is not the rated 5 ° C difference due to the increased capacity of the cooling tower due to a decrease in the outside air temperature. You will be able to demonstrate your ability from time to time. Therefore, the cooling water in the high temperature water tank 53 is pumped up by the cooling tower pumps 32 and 34 of the two cooling tower circuits 30 a and 30 b, cooled by the cooling towers 31 and 33, and sent to the low temperature water tank 51. The cooling water sent by the cooling tower circuits 30 a and 30 b sent to the low-temperature water tank 51 falls as a waterfall from the opening 55 toward the medium-temperature water tank 52. Here, since the cooling tower exhibits a larger cooling capacity than at the peak load in summer, and the temperature difference can be sent at a rated flow rate of the cooling tower pump 32 with a large temperature difference instead of 5 ° C., the refrigerator circuit 20a , 20b, 20c, the flow rate for one line of the refrigerator circuit that has not been pumped to the cooling tower circuit from the medium-temperature water tank 52 to the high-temperature water tank is supplied from the opening 57 of the high-temperature water tank 53. It falls as a waterfall toward the medium temperature water tank 52.

During the interim period, the outdoor wet bulb temperature is low, so the capacity of the cooling tower is greater than during summer peak loads. Therefore, the two cooling towers 31 and 33 can be used to cool the exhaust heat exchanged by the condensers of the three refrigerators 21, 23 and 25. In this case, the cooling water inlet / outlet temperature difference between the cooling towers 31 and 33 is larger than 5 ° C., such as 7 ° C. to 9 ° C.
According to the present embodiment, the cooling capacity of the cooling tower increases as the outside air temperature decreases, so the cooling tower processing heat amount becomes larger than the exhaust heat quantity in the condenser of the refrigerator, and thus depends on the measured temperature of the low temperature water tank 51. Based on the control signal, the number of fans or the number of rotations of the cooling towers 31, 33, and 35 and the cooling tower pumps 32, 34, and 36 are controlled (for fan and pump power saving). The temperature of the low-temperature water tank 51 is changed according to the season and load, such as 27 ° C., for example.

  When the operation number control of the cooling tower pumps 32, 34, 36 is performed by the measured temperature control signal of the low temperature water tank 51, the three refrigerators 21, 23, 25 are operated, that is, the refrigerator circuit 20a, In some cases, the cooling water pump is operated for both 20b and 20c, and the refrigerator system is established only by operating the two cooling tower circuits 30a and 30b. At this time, when the three cooling water pumps 22, 24, and 26 operate and the two cooling tower pumps 32 and 34 work, the flow rates of the cooling water pumps 22 and 24 and the cooling tower pumps 32, 34, and 36 are the same. Then, since the amount of cooling water for one cooling tower pump is excessive in the high temperature water tank 53, water flows in from the high temperature water tank 53 to the intermediate temperature water tank 52 through the opening 57, and the low temperature water Since there is also a supply of low-temperature cooling water from the water tank 51 through the opening 55, in the medium-temperature water tank 52, the low-temperature water tank 51 and the high-temperature water tank 53 are added to the already filled water in the medium-temperature water tank 52. Inflow, and it is necessary for these three to quickly mix and homogenize. If mixing is not uniform, the temperature of the cooling water pumped into the refrigerator circuit will fluctuate, which will hinder proper cooling of the cold water by the refrigerator. These mixing and agitation mechanisms are accumulated by the ripples caused by the collision between the cooling water supplied as the falling water from the openings 55 and 57 and the water stored in the intermediate temperature water tank 52 and the potential energy of the falling water mass. Air bubbles generated in the pooled water in the hot water tank 52 due to air entrainment caused by rushing into the water and convection caused by it, vortices generated when the falling water mass flows in, and disturbance of the water surface It is used for agitation due to the speed difference from the convection of water due to the water, and is mixed very uniformly. For example, the parabolic line of the falling water with the flow rate of two cooling tower pumps 32 and 34 that drop from the opening 55 intersects the stable water level of the medium-temperature water tank 52, and one of the cooling water pumps 22 that drop from the opening 57. If the distance between the tank interval wall 54 and the tank interval wall 56 is set so that the parabola of the falling water due to the flow rate of the table substantially coincides with the point where the water level of the stable medium-temperature water tank 52 intersects, the falling will differ. The temperature falling water mass can be mixed well, and the effect can be further exhibited.

Next, the case where the exhaust heat exchanged by the condensers of the refrigerators 21, 23, 25 is used (however, the amount of exhaust heat of the refrigerator> the amount of exhaust heat used) will be described.
When using the exhaust heat exchanged by the condensers of the refrigerators 21, 23, 25 in the summer, the intermediate period, and the winter, a part of the heat exhaust to the outside air in the cooling towers 31, 33, 35 is used as the exhaust heat utilization unit That is, since the heat exchanger circuits 40a and 40b are digested, the corresponding cooling towers are stopped, the amount of water in the cooling tower circuits 30a, 30b and 30c is reduced, and the exhaust heat utilization system, that is, the heat exchanger circuits 40a and 40b. However, when the temperature difference of the exhaust heat utilization system is significantly larger than the rated cooling tower inlet / outlet cooling water temperature difference of 5 ° C, the amount of water flowing through the exhaust heat utilization system decreases. Since the amount of cooling water is excessive in the water tank 53, a flow through the opening 57 from the high-temperature water tank 53 to the medium-temperature water tank 52 occurs (the amount of heat is different). At this time, a waterfall-like flow from both the low temperature water tank 51 and the high temperature water tank 53 can be made to the intermediate temperature water tank 52. It is necessary to mix the flow of greatly different water temperatures for a short time in a small space. For this reason, the parabolic line of the falling water by the flow rate of the two cooling tower pumps 32 and 34 that fall from the opening 55 intersects the stable water level of the medium temperature water tank 52 and the cooling water pump 22 that falls from the opening 57. If the distance between the tank interval wall 54 and the tank interval wall 56 is set so that the parabola of the falling water due to the flow rate for one unit substantially coincides with the point where the water level of the stable medium temperature water tank 52 intersects, it falls. The falling water masses of different temperatures can be mixed well, and the mixing and stirring mechanism, that is, the ripples caused by the collision between the cooling water supplied as the falling water from the openings 55 and 57 and the accumulated water in the intermediate temperature water tank 52, The water tank 52 for medium-temperature water is supplied by rushing with the velocity of the accumulated water due to the potential energy of the falling water mass and the occurrence of convection, and the air accompanied by the vortex generated when the falling water mass flows and the disturbance of the water surface. In Agitation effect due to the speed difference between the convection of water by bubbles generated in order was water can maximize.

As described above, when the exhaust heat generated by the refrigeration cycle condenser of the refrigerator is radiated to the atmosphere in the cooling tower, the cooling water at different temperatures in the cooling water tank is well mixed except during summer peak loads. By using the exhaust heat generated by the refrigeration cycle condenser of the refrigerator as a heating heat source while operating according to the load of the refrigerator, the exhaust heat is dissipated to the atmosphere in the cooling tower. it can. Also, if there are cases where a preheating load for humidifying the outside air in the outdoor air conditioner occurs during the winter or intermediate period, the exhaust heat on the condenser side of the refrigerator is transferred to the high-temperature water tank of the cooling water tank. Since it is collected once, it can be used as a heating heat source by connecting the load and the cooling water tank low temperature water tank through a pump and circulating with a pump from here, reducing the number of operating boilers and the number of cooling towers Can be reduced. In addition, when using the exhaust heat of the by-product generated in the refrigeration cycle condenser of a refrigerator intended for cooling as a heating heat source, if the exhaust heat remaining without partitioning is dissipated to the atmosphere in the cooling tower, the water temperature By interposing a cooling water tank as a buffer that absorbs sudden changes, the heat source from the heat capacity of the refrigerator, cooling tower, cooling coil, heating heat exchanger, heating coil, piping, and the characteristics of the automatic control system that controls them The risk of system disruption can be avoided. Similarly, a cooling water tank as a buffer that absorbs sudden changes in water temperature intervenes to enable switching to maintain the system with high efficiency against fluctuations in load and weather conditions, as well as periodic maintenance and equipment. It is possible to suppress the occurrence of turbulence in the entire cooling water system of the refrigerator system due to switching of operating equipment due to trouble.
Furthermore, according to the present embodiment, the compressor capacity can be reduced for the refrigerators 21, 23, 25 with respect to high-efficiency operation other than during summer peak load, that is, the cooling water temperature being lowered into the condenser. Efficiency, that is, coefficient of performance (COP) = amount of heat taken by the evaporator (kcal) / (electric power required for the compressor (KW) x 860 (kcal / KW)) is improved, and power consumption is reduced. It is possible to manage the operation of the cooling towers 31, 33, and 35 so as to lower the cooling water temperature according to the outside air temperature.
Except during summer peak load, when the outdoor wet bulb temperature is low, the cooling water temperature can be set low, and the COP of the refrigerators 21, 23, 25 can be increased.

In the intermediate and winter seasons, the cooling tower capacity increases during periods when the outdoor wet bulb temperature is low, but the refrigerator and cooling tower form a closed circuit with a pipe and are not a fixed pair. Since the cooling tower group can be formed as a separate piping system, the number of fans and cooling tower pumps 32, 34, and 36 provided in the cooling towers 31, 33, and 35, respectively, by a control signal based on the measured temperature of the low-temperature water tank 51. Control or rotational speed control is performed, and if it is unit control, a partial stop is possible.
When troubles occur in the refrigerators 21, 23, 25, the cooling towers 31, 33, 35, pumps, and devices, the flexibility of combinations of the devices increases. In addition, flexibility can be obtained during maintenance.

Refrigerator exhaust heat (refrigerator outlet cooling water) can be used as a heat source, and the power of the cooling tower can be reduced.
The fluctuation of the cooling water temperature at the refrigerator inlet can be reduced, and the refrigerator can be operated stably.
In addition, since the refrigerator and the cooling tower form a closed circuit with a pipe and do not form a fixed pair, the refrigerator group and the cooling tower group can be formed as separate piping systems. Various combinations of cooling tower) method, type, characteristics, etc. are possible, and it is easy to take an appropriate method depending on load conditions, outside air conditions, environmental response (white smoke prevention), etc.

  In the above embodiment, the three refrigerator circuits 20a, 20b, and 20c, the three cooling tower circuits 30a, 30b, and 30c, the one cold water transfer circuit 40, and the two heat exchanger circuits 40a and 40b are provided. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and the (refrigerator, cooling tower) system, type, characteristics, number, capacity, etc. of each device can be arbitrarily changed according to the purpose of use. is there. For example, for a refrigerator, a compression type refrigerator has been described as an example, but naturally, a cooling system that transfers heat to an absorber and a condenser of an absorption refrigerator is also referred to as a “condenser of a refrigerator system”. Needless to say, this is the “cooling water system on the side”.

It is explanatory drawing which shows the refrigerator system which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention. It is a perspective view which shows the cooling water tank used for the refrigerator system of FIG. It is a top view which shows the cooling water tank used for the refrigerator system of FIG. It is explanatory drawing which shows the driving | running state of the summer of the refrigerator system of FIG. It is explanatory drawing which shows the driving | running state in the winter of the refrigerator system of FIG. It is explanatory drawing which shows the operation state of the intermediate | middle period of the refrigerator system of FIG. It is explanatory drawing which shows the conventional refrigerator system.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Refrigerator system 20a, 20b, 20c Refrigerator circuit 21,23,25 Refrigerator 22,24,26 Cooling water pump 30a, 30b, 30c Cooling tower circuit 31,33,35 Cooling tower 31,33,35 Cooling tower pump 40a, 40b Heat exchanger circuits 41, 43 Heat exchangers 42, 44 Circulating pump 50 Cooling water tank 51 Low temperature water tank 52 Medium temperature water tank 53 High temperature water tank 54, 56 Spacing walls 55, 57 Opening

Claims (4)

In the cooling water system on the condenser side of the refrigerator system,
A refrigerator circuit having a refrigerator and a cooling water pump;
A cooling tower circuit having a cooling tower and a cooling tower pump;
A cooling water tank partitioned into a low temperature water tank, a medium temperature water tank and a high temperature water tank,
The refrigerator circuit is arranged between the medium temperature water tank and the high temperature water tank,
The cooling tower circuit is arranged between the low temperature water tank and the high temperature water tank,
The tank wall separating the low temperature water tank and the intermediate temperature water tank is provided with a water gap between the low temperature water tank and the intermediate temperature water tank by utilizing a water level difference between the low temperature water tank and the intermediate temperature water tank. Provide an opening to form a waterfall that drops cooling water to
The intermediate wall for partitioning the intermediate-temperature water tank and the high-temperature water tank is separated from the high-temperature water tank using the water level difference between the high-temperature water tank and the intermediate-temperature water tank. A refrigerator system characterized in that an opening is formed to form a waterfall in which cooling water falls. The refrigerator system according to claim 1, wherein
The opening provided in the tank interval wall that partitions the low temperature water tank and the intermediate temperature water tank is positioned higher than the opening provided in the tank interval wall that partitions the high temperature water tank and the intermediate temperature water tank. A refrigerator system characterized by that. The refrigerator system according to claim 1 or 2,
A refrigerator system, wherein a heat exchanger circuit having a heat exchanger and a circulation pump is disposed between the high-temperature water tank and the low-temperature water tank. In the cooling water tank used for the cooling water system on the condenser side of the refrigerator system,
A low-temperature water tank, a medium-temperature water tank, and a high-temperature water tank,
Cooling water is supplied from the low-temperature water tank to the tank interval wall that partitions the low-temperature water tank and the intermediate-temperature water tank using the difference in water level between the low-temperature water tank and the intermediate-temperature water tank. An opening is formed to form a waterfall that falls into the hot water tank,
The intermediate wall for partitioning the intermediate-temperature water tank and the high-temperature water tank is separated from the high-temperature water tank using the water level difference between the high-temperature water tank and the intermediate-temperature water tank. A cooling water tank characterized by having an opening that forms a waterfall that drops cooling water.

Images