JP2007290948A - Granular mixed fertilizer, method of manufacturing the same, and method of applying the same - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To facilitate handling of a lime nitrogen-containing fertilizer and to reduce ammonia odor. <P>SOLUTION: The granular mixed fertilizer contains 10-94 wt.% granular fertilizer containing 1-25% ammonia nitrogen, 5-90 wt.% granular lime nitrogen and 1-50 wt.% superphosphate of lime and/or 1-50 wt.% triple superphosphate of lime. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2008,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a granular fertilizer containing a granular fertilizer containing ammoniacal nitrogen, granular lime nitrogen, and superphosphate lime and / or heavy superphosphate lime, and more specifically, utilizing the mutual characteristics, TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a granular compound fertilizer for reducing load and fertilizing labor, a manufacturing method thereof, and a fertilizing method thereof.

  In recent years, along with “safety and security for food”, the public's interest in environmental issues has been increasing and further consideration for the global environment has been demanded. Also in the agricultural field, groundwater contamination of fertilizer components has become apparent at agricultural production sites, and measures to reduce the environmental burden are being taken.

  Currently, as a technology that is widely used as a measure to reduce environmental impacts in the agricultural field, (1) Enforcement of appropriate fertilizer application, (2) Utilization of slow-release fertilizer, (3) Fertilization technique according to crop characteristics (fertilization method) (4) Application of organic fertilizer is recommended.

  Under such circumstances, the granular lime nitrogen used in the present invention is (1) dicyandiamide produced in the granulation production process and the decomposition process in the soil has the effect of suppressing nitrification, so that the run-off as nitric acid is prevented. Less, the utilization rate of nitrogen becomes higher. (2) Ammonia nitrogen produced in the decomposition process is adsorbed on the soil for a long period of time, so the fertilization effect is moderate and has a sustained effect. (3) Pesticide effect (bactericidal, insecticidal, weeding, dormancy awakening), but there is no persistence and the effect is soft. (4) It has an effect of promoting rice straw decomposition of paddy fields and organic matter decomposition of fields, and also has soil disinfection effect, and has many features such as useful for the creation of comprehensive soil, and has long been a multifunctional fertilizer. It is a material that has been used in the field of agricultural production, and is expected to produce safe and secure crops while protecting the environment.

  Patent Document 1 describes a granular fertilizer for basic fertilizer containing molten mashed phosphorus fertilizer and lime nitrogen. This fertilizer is obtained by adding a caking agent to 80 to 85% by weight of alkaline fertilizer such as molten mashed phosphorus fertilizer and 10 to 15% by weight of lime nitrogen (paragraph 0024, Examples in Table 1). Fertilizers containing ammonia nitrogen such as ammonium sulfate and ammonium phosphate are not used. Moreover, this fertilizer for basic fertilizer is a fertilizer used for the purpose of promoting the ripening of the rice straw remaining after harvesting the rice, and is not a granular fertilizer to be applied to the field 1 to 21 days before sowing or planting.

  Patent Document 2 describes a method of claiming lime nitrogen and immature organic matter after harvesting paddy rice (claims 1 and 2), but no fertilizer containing ammoniacal nitrogen is used. In addition, it is a method of planting immature organic matter after harvesting rice for the purpose of promoting ripening, and is not a method of applying to a field 1 to 21 days before sowing or planting.

  Patent Documents 3 and 4 propose a technique of adding an organic oily substance to granular lime nitrogen [Patent Document 3] and a technique of containing anhydrous calcium chloride for the purpose of further preventing diffusion [Patent Document 4]. Both, fertilizers containing ammoniacal nitrogen are not used.

  Patent Document 5 describes a granular material (claim 1) containing lime nitrogen and an inorganic material other than lime nitrogen. However, the inorganic substance other than lime nitrogen is one or more selected from molten phosphorous fertilizer, calcined phosphorous fertilizer, lime heavy superphosphate, potassium chloride and potassium sulfate [Claim 2], and ammonia nitrogen. The fertilizer it contains is not used.

  Patent Document 6 discloses the production of granular fertilizer that granulates a mixture of lime nitrogen and molten phosphorus fertilizer, calcined phosphorus fertilizer, ammonium phosphate and potassium salt with one or more kinds using urea. A method [claim 1] is described. However, the raw materials for the granular fertilizer described in the examples are lime nitrogen, molten phosphorus fertilizer, potassium chloride, urea and rice bran [Examples 1 to 4], and ammonium phosphate having ammonia nitrogen as a guarantee component. Is not described. Applicant judges that ammonium phosphate can be mixed with lime nitrogen as well as raw material mixture such as molten phosphorus fertilizer, potassium chloride, urea, rice bran etc. that could actually be pelletized in the examples. I think that it is described, but when a raw material mixture containing lime nitrogen, ammonium phosphate and urea is put into an extruder and pelletized, lime nitrogen and ammonium phosphate cause a chemical reaction to produce ammonia gas. As a result, the pellets are pulverized and the fertilizer components are segregated (see Formulation 7 (Comparative Product) in Table 4).

  For this reason, the granular compounding fertilizer of the present invention which has a low powdering rate and can be mechanically fertilized uniformly in the field cannot be produced by the method described in Patent Document 6.

Thus, there has never been a granular fertilizer containing ammonia nitrogen and lime nitrogen, a granular fertilizer containing ammonia nitrogen and a granular compound fertilizer containing granular lime nitrogen, and generally contains lime nitrogen and ammonia nitrogen. The development of a granular compound fertilizer that can uniformly fertilize the granular fertilizer at once was expected.
JP 2004-339060 A Japanese Patent No. 3688272 Japanese Patent Publication 2-54314 JP-A-4-130080 JP 2001-19577 A JP-A-7-157385

  The mixing of general granular fertilizer (inorganic granular fertilizer and organic granular fertilizer) containing ammoniacal nitrogen and granular lime nitrogen has the following problems.

  (1) The pH of “lime nitrogen fertilizer” is a strong alkali. (2) The currently commercially available granular lime nitrogen is easily pulverized by blending with other fertilizers, and also has a particle size distribution and shape. It is difficult to use as a raw material for blended fertilizer. In particular, mixing with a complex fertilizer containing ammoniacal nitrogen has a technical problem to prevent generation of ammonia, occurrence of caking, and the like. Therefore, when applying lime nitrogen in agricultural production, fertilizer is applied in advance separately from other complex fertilizers, and due to the recent aging of agricultural workers, the number of fertilization is reduced, and the number of topdressing by basic fertilizer priority fertilization is reduced The reduction of fertilizer application labor by the production was strongly desired from the production site.

  In the present invention, in view of such circumstances, the present invention has been made to improve the problems. By implementing the present invention, the following problems can be solved. In particular, it is a granular compounded fertilizer that incorporates granular lime nitrogen itself and takes advantage of its characteristics (effects), and has the greatest feature of contributing to a reduction in environmental burden and a reduction in fertilization labor.

(1) Technology for producing granular compound fertilizer (bulk blend fertilizer) using granular lime nitrogen and other granular composite fertilizer.

(2) To solve the conventional technical problems caused by product quality.

(3) It becomes possible to mix compound fertilizers containing organic fertilizers and inorganic fertilizers as raw materials, contributing to labor savings by reducing the environmental burden at the agricultural production site and reducing the number of fertilizer applications.

  The present inventors have found that when blending a granular fertilizer containing strong alkaline granular lime nitrogen and ammonia nitrogen, lime superphosphate and heavy superphosphate lime act as both stabilizers.

  And both the lime nitrogen and the granular fertilizer (composite fertilizer) containing ammonia nitrogen are made into a granule, and the said conventional problem was solved by containing a superphosphate lime and a heavy superphosphate lime.

    In addition, cyanamide nitrogen is included in the ratio of 10 to 50% of the total nitrogen content, and the particle size distribution is included in the range of 1.5 to 4.0 mm by 95% by weight or more, and lime nitrogen is pulverized. By suppressing the rate to 1.1% by weight or less, it was found that even when a granular fertilizer and granular lime nitrogen were blended, ammonia was hardly generated, and the conventional problems were solved.

  That is, the present invention includes the following inventions.

(1) 10 to 94% by weight of granular fertilizer containing 1 to 25% of ammoniacal nitrogen, 5 to 90% by weight of granular lime nitrogen, 1 to 50% by weight of superphosphate lime and / or heavy superphosphate lime A granular compound fertilizer containing 1 to 50% by weight.

(2) (A) 10 to 94% by weight of granular fertilizer containing 1 to 25% ammoniacal nitrogen,
(B) 5 to 90% by weight of granular lime nitrogen,
(C) 1-50% by weight of granular lime superphosphate and / or 1-50% by weight of granular heavy superphosphate.

A granular compounded fertilizer obtained by blending a granular fertilizer containing the above (A), (B), (C).

(3) (A) 1 to 99 parts by weight of nitrogenous fertilizer having ammonia nitrogen as a guarantee component and / or 1 to 99 parts by weight of compound fertilizer having ammonia nitrogen as a guarantee component and 1 to 50 weight of lime superphosphate 10 to 95% by weight of granular fertilizer containing 1 to 25% of ammonia nitrogen obtained by granulating a raw material containing 1 to 50 parts by weight of lime and / or heavy superphosphate
(B) 5 to 90% by weight of granular lime nitrogen.

A granular compound fertilizer obtained by blending the granular fertilizer containing (A) or (B).

(4) The above-mentioned (1) to (3), wherein the granular fertilizer containing 1 to 25% of ammonia nitrogen is a granular organic fertilizer containing a fertilizer having ammonia nitrogen as a guarantee component and an organic fertilizer. The granular compound fertilizer according to any one of (1).

(5) The granular compound fertilizer according to any one of (1) to (4), wherein cyanamide nitrogen is contained in an amount of 10 to 50% of the total nitrogen content.

(6) The granular compounded fertilizer according to any one of (1) to (5), wherein the particle size distribution of the granular compounded fertilizer is 95% by weight or more within a range of 1.5 to 4.0 mm. .

(7) The granular blended fertilizer according to any one of (1) to (6), wherein the content of the powder having a particle size of less than 1.5 mm is 1.0% by weight or less.

(8) The granular compounded fertilizer according to any one of (1) to (7), wherein the pulverization rate of the granular lime nitrogen is 1.1% by weight or less in the following pulverization test.

[Powdering test]
The sample is sieved beforehand with a 1.5 mm sieve to remove powder less than 1.5 mm. After putting 250 g of a sample from which powder of less than 1.5 mm has been removed into a 500 ml styrol stick bottle and capping, it was shaken for 15 minutes with a reciprocating shaker (TAITEC's RECIPRO SHAKER SR-2w, shake setting: 300 min-1). The sample is again sieved with a 1.5 mm sieve, and the ratio of the portion passing through the sieve is determined and used as the powdering rate (% by weight).

(9) Fertilizer raw material for blending combined with granular lime nitrogen [granular fertilizer containing (A) and (C) described in (2) above, and granular containing (A) or (A) described in (3) above The granular fertilizer according to any one of (1) to (8) above, wherein the fertilizer has an average pH of 7.0 to 3.0.

(10) In the pulverization test according to (8), the granular compounding fertilizer has a pulverization rate of 0.5% by weight or less, and the granularity according to any one of (1) to (9), Compound fertilizer.

(11) The granular blended fertilizer according to any one of (1) to (7), wherein the ammonia concentration after one week is 10 ppm or less in the following ammonia volatility test.

[Ammonia volatility test]
1 kg of the obtained granular blended fertilizer sample is packed in a plastic bag with a chuck and sealed. One week after the sample creation date, the ammonia concentration in the plastic bag with the chuck is measured.

(12) (A) Powder raw material containing fertilizer containing ammonia nitrogen as a guarantee component is supplied to a granulator, and a particle size distribution of 1.5 to 4.0 mm is 95% by weight or more and less than 1.5 mm Containing 1 to 25% by weight of ammoniacal nitrogen obtained by granulation and sieving so that the content is 1.0% by weight or less and the hardness is 1.0 kgf / cm ² or more. Granular fertilizer,
(B) The lime nitrogen powder is supplied to a granulator, the particle size distribution of 1.5 to 4.0 mm is 95% by weight or more, the content of the powder of less than 1.5 mm is 1.0% by weight or less, and the hardness Granulated lime nitrogen obtained by granulating and sieving so that becomes 1.0 kgf / cm ² or more,
(C) The raw material powder is supplied to a granulator, the particle size distribution of 1.5 to 4.0 mm is 95% by weight or more, the content of the powder of less than 1.5 mm is 1.0% by weight or less, and the hardness is Granular superphosphate and / or granular heavy superphosphate obtained by granulating and sieving to be 1.0 kgf / cm ² or more.

The method for producing a granular mixed fertilizer according to any one of (2) or (4) to (11), wherein the granular fertilizer containing (A), (B), or (C) is mixed.

(13) (A) Nitrogenous fertilizer with ammonia nitrogen as a guarantee component and / or a composite fertilizer with ammonia nitrogen as a guarantee component, and a powder raw material containing lime superphosphate and / or heavy superphosphate lime Is supplied to a granulator, the particle size distribution of 1.5 to 4.0 mm is 95% by weight or more, the content of powder of less than 1.5 mm is 1.0% by weight or less, and the hardness is 1.0 kgf / cm. Granular fertilizer containing 1 to 25% by weight or more of ammoniacal nitrogen obtained by granulating and sieving to be ² or more,
(B) The lime nitrogen powder is supplied to a granulator, the particle size distribution of 1.5 to 4.0 mm is 95% by weight or more, the content of the powder of less than 1.5 mm is 1.0% by weight or less, and the hardness Granular lime nitrogen obtained by granulating and sieving so that the slag is 1.0 kgf / cm ² or more.

The method for producing a granular fertilizer according to any one of (3) to (11), wherein the granular fertilizer containing (A) and (B) is blended.

(14) (A) A granular fertilizer containing 1 to 25% by weight or more of ammoniacal nitrogen supplies a powder raw material containing a fertilizer containing ammonia nitrogen as a guarantee component and an organic fertilizer to a granulator; Granulation and sieving so that the particle size distribution of 5 to 4.0 mm is 95% by weight or more, the content of powders of less than 1.5 mm is 1.0% by weight or less, and the hardness is 1.0 kgf / cm ² or more. The method for producing a granular compounded fertilizer according to any one of (12) and (13), wherein the granular organic fertilizer contains 1 to 25% by weight or more of ammoniacal nitrogen obtained by dividing. .

(15) The granular mixed fertilizer according to any one of (1) to (11) or the granular mixed fertilizer obtained by the production method according to any one of claims 12 to 14, A method of fertilizing granular compound fertilizer, characterized by fertilizing the field 21 days ago.

(16) The method for fertilizing a granular compound fertilizer according to (15), wherein the crop to be seeded or planted is a vegetable, fruit tree, flower bud, or legume.

  Furthermore, the present invention includes the following inventions.

(17) In the following ammonia volatility test, the concentration of ammonia after 2 weeks is 5 ppm or less, and the granular mixed fertilizer according to any one of (1) to (11) and (12) to The granular compound fertilizer obtained by the manufacturing method of (14).

[Ammonia volatility test]
1 kg of the obtained granular compound fertilizer sample is packed in a checked plastic bag and sealed. Two weeks after the sample creation date, a gas detector tube is inserted into the checked plastic bag, and the ammonia concentration is measured.

(18) Granular fertilizer containing 1 to 25% of ammonia nitrogen is contained in a powder having a particle size distribution of 95% by weight or more within a range of 1.5 to 4.0 mm and a particle size distribution of less than 1.5 mm The granular blended fertilizer according to any one of the above (1) to (11) and the granular blend obtained by the production method according to (12) to (14), wherein the rate is 1.0% by weight or less fertilizer.

(19) Granular lime nitrogen is contained in a range of a particle size distribution of 1.5 to 4.0 mm in an amount of 95% by weight or more, and the content of powder having a particle size distribution of less than 1.5 mm is 1.0% by weight or less. The granular blended fertilizer according to any one of (1) to (11) and the granular blended fertilizer obtained by the production method according to (12) to (14).

(20) Powder having granular lime and / or granular heavy superphosphate containing 95% by weight or more in the range of 1.5 to 4.0 mm in particle size distribution and less than 1.5 mm in particle size distribution The granulated compound fertilizer according to any one of (2) and (4) to (11) above, and the production method according to (12) and (14) above, wherein the content of the fertilizer is 1.0% by weight or less Granular compound fertilizer obtained in

  Since granular fertilizers (general chemical fertilizers) containing lime nitrogen and ammonia nitrogen had to be applied separately so far, in Japan, where the farming population has decreased and aging has advanced, lime nitrogen should be properly fertilized. It was a difficult situation. However, the granular blended fertilizer of the present invention has an effect of being able to fertilize lime nitrogen having a nitrification inhibitory effect simultaneously with a general granular fertilizer, so that leaching of nitric acid from soil and the nitrate nature of crop bodies can be achieved. There is an effect that high-quality crop production such as nitrogen reduction can be performed without much trouble.

  Moreover, according to this invention, there exists an effect which reduced powdering rate and reduced generation | occurrence | production of ammonia remarkably.

  Furthermore, as a blended fertilizer, there is an effect that fertilization can be applied to the field 1 to 21 days before sowing or planting.

  Thus, the granular compound fertilizer of the present invention (the products of the present invention in Tables 2 to 4, 7, and 8) has a low pulverization rate and is granular, despite containing lime nitrogen and ammoniacal nitrogen. Since there is almost no segregation of fertilizer components between the particles of the blended fertilizer, it can be uniformly applied to the field.

  The granular blended fertilizer of the present invention is well blended with an appropriate ratio of both fast-acting ammonia nitrogen and slow-acting lime nitrogen, and further, the fertilizing effect is sustained by the nitrification inhibition effect of lime nitrogen. Therefore, since the absorption efficiency of the crop is increased, the growth is good and the yield is increased (the crop obtained in the present invention section of Tables 11, 14 and 15).

  In particular, for root vegetables, the yield is high and the proportion of large ones (eg, L (100 g or more) products, M (70 g or more) products with high commercial value in potatoes) increases (see Table 15). Potatoes obtained in the invention zone).

  Furthermore, the granular compound fertilizers of the present invention containing organic fertilizers (compound products 5 and 8 (product of the present invention) in Table 4 and product products of the present invention in Tables 7 and 8) are organic fertilizers that serve as food for living organisms. Increases the number of microorganisms and has the effect of mildly adjusting physicochemical properties and environmental conditions.

  Total nitrogen (TN), ammonia nitrogen (AN), and nitrate nitrogen (NN) are guaranteed components described in the official standard for ordinary fertilizer based on the Fertilizer Control Law. Published by Japan Fertilizer Examination Association, Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries, National Institute of Agricultural Environment Technology, 4.1.1 Total nitrogen, 4.1.2 Ammonia nitrogen, 4.1.3 Nitrate nitrogen) It has been produced. Cyanamide nitrogen (CN) is produced by the quantitative method described in the fertilizer analysis method (same as above, 4.1.5 cyanamide nitrogen).

  The granular fertilizer containing 1 to 25% by weight of ammonia nitrogen is particularly limited as long as it is a granular fertilizer that uses ammonia nitrogen as a guarantee component as described in the official standard of ordinary fertilizer based on the Fertilizer Control Law. Specifically, granular nitrogenous fertilizers (single fertilizer) such as ammonium sulfate, ammonia chloride, ammonium nitrate soda fertilizer, ammonium nitrate lime fertilizer, chemical fertilizer, molded composite fertilizer, adsorption composite fertilizer, coated composite fertilizer, Among the granular compound fertilizers such as compound fertilizers, those that guarantee ammoniacal nitrogen, and those that guarantee ammoniacal nitrogen among the granular fertilizers mixed with agricultural chemicals and other materials, etc. can be mentioned.

  The present invention is a granular compound fertilizer containing fertilizer containing ammoniacal nitrogen, granular lime nitrogen, and superphosphate lime and / or heavy superphosphate lime.

  Specifically, the following granular blended fertilizers described in (1) and (2), and (3) the following granular blended fertilizers in (2) blended with organic fertilizers.

(1) Granular fertilizer obtained by blending the following three types of blending fertilizer raw materials (granular fertilizer) (A) (A) Granular fertilizer containing 1 to 25% ammoniacal nitrogen ( Example: Nitrogenous fertilizers such as ammonia sulfate and salted ammonia, composite fertilizers such as ammonium phosphate, composite fertilizers using ammonia in the granulation process) 10 to 94% by weight,
(B) 5 to 90% by weight of granular lime nitrogen,
(C) Granular superphosphate and / or granular heavy superphosphate 1-50 wt%
Granular fertilizers obtained by blending granular fertilizers containing lime (fertilizers A and B containing lime nitrogen of Example 2, CN / TN of Example 3 are 12.5%, 25%, 50% granular fertilizer and Formulations 4 and 8 of Example 4 (see Table 4)).

  In addition, it is preferable that the granular compounding fertilizer of this invention obtained by mix | blending three types of fertilizer raw materials for mixing | filling satisfy | fills one or more of the conditions of following (i)-(v). It is preferable to satisfy the above, to satisfy at least three of the following conditions, and to satisfy at least four of the following conditions, and most preferably to satisfy all of the following conditions.

(I) Containing 10 to 50% of cyanamide nitrogen based on the total nitrogen content.

(Ii) The particle size distribution of the granular compound fertilizer is 95% by weight or more within the range of 1.5 to 4.0 mm.

(Iii) The content rate of the powder less than 1.5 mm should be 1.0% by weight or less.

(Iv) Use granular lime nitrogen whose powdering rate (details will be described later) is suppressed to 1.1 wt% or less. (V) Fertilizer raw material for blending combined with granular lime nitrogen (the above (A) and (C) The average pH of the granular fertilizer to be contained is adjusted to 7.0 to 3.0. Further, the fertilizer raw material for blending (the above (A), (B), (C)) is a commercially available granular fertilizer (eg, ammonia). Granular fertilizer that guarantees natural nitrogen, granular lime nitrogen, granular superphosphate lime, granular heavy perphosphate lime) may be used, but at least one of the following conditions (i) to (iii) It is preferable to use a blending fertilizer raw material that satisfies, more preferably a blending fertilizer raw material that satisfies two or more of the following conditions, and most preferably a blending fertilizer raw material that satisfies all of the following conditions.

(I) Fertilizer raw material for blending having a particle size distribution of 1.5 to 4.0 mm of 95% by weight or more (ii) Fertilizer raw material for blending having a powder content of less than 1.5 mm of 1.0% by weight or less (iii) Fertilizer raw material for blending obtained by granulating and sieving so that the hardness becomes 1.0 kgf / cm ² or more. Note that the granular blended fertilizer obtained by blending the three types of granular fertilizers of the present invention is the above-mentioned In addition to (A), (B), and (C), the three types of fertilizer raw materials for mixing include nitrogenous fertilizers such as urea, potassium fertilizers such as potassium chloride and potassium sulfate, phosphate fertilizers, and ammonia nitrogen. Contains non-contained compound fertilizers, siliceous fertilizers, bitter fertilizers, manganese fertilizers, boron fertilizers, inorganic particulate fertilizers such as trace element composite fertilizers, and granular composite fertilizers made from this May be. In addition, materials approved by the Fertilizer Control Law such as granulation accelerator, anti-caking material, and anti-floating material can be added.

(2) Granular fertilizer obtained by blending the following two fertilizer raw materials (granular fertilizer) (A) and (B) (A) Nitrogenous fertilizer with ammoniacal nitrogen as a guarantee component (example: ammonia sulfate) , Ammonia chloride) and / or 1 to 99 parts by weight of a complex fertilizer (eg, ammonia phosphate) containing ammoniacal nitrogen as a guarantee component, and 1 to 50 parts by weight of superphosphate and / or heavy superphosphate lime Granular fertilizer containing 1 to 25% by weight or more of ammoniacal nitrogen obtained by granulating the raw material containing it (those using ammonia in the granulation process even if raw materials containing ammoniacal nitrogen are not used) 10 to 95% by weight)
(B) Granular lime nitrogen 5 to 90 wt%
Granular fertilizers obtained by blending granular fertilizers containing (combined products 2 and 5 of Example 4 (Table 4), mixed fertilizers 028A and B of Example 6 and mixed fertilizers 888A and B (Tables 7 and 8) ).

  In addition, it is preferable that the granular compound fertilizer of the present invention obtained by blending two kinds of compound fertilizer raw materials satisfies one or more of the following conditions (i) to (v). It is preferable to satisfy the above, to satisfy at least three of the following conditions, and to satisfy at least four of the following conditions, and most preferably to satisfy all of the following conditions.

(I) Containing 10 to 50% of cyanamide nitrogen based on the total nitrogen content.

(Ii) The particle size distribution of the granular compound fertilizer is 95% by weight or more within the range of 1.5 to 4.0 mm.

(Iii) The content rate of the powder less than 1.5 mm should be 1.0% by weight or less.

(Iv) Use granular lime nitrogen whose powdering rate (details will be described later) is suppressed to 1.1 wt% or less. (V) Fertilizer raw material for blending combined with granular lime nitrogen (granular fertilizer containing (A) above) In addition, the fertilizer raw material for blending (above (A), (B)) is a commercially available granular fertilizer (eg, lime superphosphate and / or heavy excess). Granular fertilizer containing lime phosphate and guaranteeing ammonia nitrogen (granular lime nitrogen) may be used, but a fertilizer raw material for blending satisfying one or more of the following conditions (i) to (iii) It is preferable to use, it is more preferable to use a fertilizer raw material for blending that satisfies two or more of the following conditions, and it is most preferable to use a raw material for blending that satisfies all of the following conditions.

(I) Fertilizer raw material for blending having a particle size distribution of 1.5 to 4.0 mm of 95% by weight or more (ii) Fertilizer raw material for blending having a powder content of less than 1.5 mm of 1.0% by weight or less (iii) It is preferable to use a fertilizer raw material for blending obtained by granulation and sieving so that the hardness is 1.0 kgf / cm ² or more.

  In addition, the granular compound fertilizer obtained by blending the two types of granular fertilizers of the present invention includes nitrogenous fertilizers such as urea, and potassium chloride in addition to the above-described two types of compound fertilizer raw materials (A) and (B). Mineral fertilizers such as potassium fertilizer, sulfate fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, compound fertilizer not containing ammonia nitrogen, silicic acid fertilizer, bitter fertilizer, manganese fertilizer, boron fertilizer, trace element compound fertilizer, etc. You may contain fertilizer (simple substance), the granular compound fertilizer which used this as a raw material, etc. In addition, materials approved by the Fertilizer Control Law such as granulation accelerator, anti-caking material, and anti-floating material can be added.

(3) Compounded granular fertilizer blended with organic fertilizer The granular fertilizer containing 1 to 25% of ammonia nitrogen of (1) (A) or (2) (A) is composed of ammonia nitrogen and organic fertilizer (example: secondary fertilizer) It may be a granular organic fertilizer containing plant-derived fertilizer, steamed leather powder, rapeseed oil cake) ((1) (A) containing three kinds of granular fertilizer) 4) Compounding two types of granular fertilizer (2) (A) is the compounded product 5 of Example 4 (Table 4), the compounded fertilizers 028A and B of Example 6, and the compounded fertilizers 888A and B (Tables 7 and 8). )).

  The present invention is described in detail below, but the present invention is not limited to the following description.

  For example, all of (i) to (v) described in the part of the granular fertilizer obtained by blending the granular fertilizer containing 1 to 25% of ammoniacal nitrogen with the two types of blending fertilizer raw materials of (2) In the case of satisfying the above, as the granular lime nitrogen, a conventional product having a high powdering rate can be used (the blended fertilizers 888A and 028A of Example 6 (Tables 1, 7, and 8)).

  The particle size distribution of the granular fertilizer containing 1 to 25% ammonia nitrogen (said granular fertilizer) is preferably 95% by weight or more within the range of 1.5 to 4.0 mm. Further, the content of the powder of less than 1.5 mm is preferably 1.0% by weight or less, and 0.8% by weight or less, 0.6% by weight or less, 0.5% by weight or less, 0.4% or less. It is preferable in the order of not more than wt% and not more than 0.3 wt%, and most preferably not more than 0.2 wt%. When the particle size distribution of 1.5 to 4.0 mm is less than 95% by weight or the content of the powder of less than 1.5 mm is more than 1.0% by weight, it was obtained by the raw material for fertilizer to be combined. This is not preferable because the ammonia concentration generated from the granular blended fertilizer may increase or the fertilizer components may segregate (Tables 5, 7, and 8).

  The granular lime nitrogen is not particularly limited as long as it is granular lime nitrogen described in matters such as determining the official standard of ordinary fertilizer based on the Fertilizer Control Law. The granular lime nitrogen currently manufactured with the method is mentioned. Moreover, it is preferable that the granular lime nitrogen of this invention is granular lime nitrogen whose powdering rate is 1.1 weight% or less in the following pulverization test in the said manufacturing method, and is 1.0 weight% or less. More preferably, it is more preferably 0.9% by weight or less, and most preferably the powdering rate is 0.8% by weight or less. When the powdering rate exceeds 1.1% by weight, the concentration of ammonia generated from the obtained granular blended fertilizer may increase depending on the blended fertilizer raw material to be combined. Product).

[Powdering test]
The sample is sieved beforehand with a 1.5 mm sieve to remove powder less than 1.5 mm. After putting 250 g of a sample from which powder of less than 1.5 mm has been removed into a 500 ml styrol stick bottle and capping, it was shaken for 15 minutes with a reciprocating shaker (TAITEC's RECIPRO SHAKER SR-2w, shake setting: 300 min-1). The sample is again sieved with a 1.5 mm sieve, and the ratio of the portion passing through the sieve is determined and used as the powdering rate (% by weight).

  The particle size distribution of the granular lime nitrogen is preferably 95% by weight or more within a range of 1.5 to 4.0 mm. Further, the content of the powder of less than 1.5 mm is preferably 1.0% by weight or less, more preferably 0.8% by weight or less, still more preferably 0.7% by weight or less, Most preferably, it is 0.6% by weight or less. When the particle size distribution of 1.5 to 4.0 mm is less than 95% by weight, or the content of the powder of less than 1.5 mm is more than 1.0% by weight, the granules obtained by the fertilizer raw material for combination are combined. Since the ammonia concentration generated from the blended fertilizer may increase, it is not preferable (refer to lime nitrogen of conventional products in Tables 1, 7, and 8 and lime nitrogen of improved products).

  Fertilizer raw material for blending combined with granular lime nitrogen (in the granular blended fertilizer obtained by blending the three fertilizer raw materials for blending (1) (A) granular fertilizer containing 1 to 25% ammoniacal nitrogen ( (A) Ammonia in granular fertilizer obtained by blending granular fertilizer containing granular superphosphate and / or granular heavy perphosphate lime, and two kinds of blending fertilizer raw materials of (2) above The granular fertilizer containing 1 to 25% of nitrogen or the granular fertilizer containing (A)) is preferably adjusted to an average pH of 7.0 to 3.0, and the average pH of 7.0 to 4 It is more preferable to adjust to 0.0, and it is most preferable to adjust the average pH to 6.8 to 4.0 (the products of the present invention and reference products in Table 4).

  When the average pH exceeds 7.0, the amount of ammonia generated increases when blended with granular lime nitrogen, and the powdering rate of the granular blended fertilizer increases, which is not preferable (comparative product in Table 4).

  The granular compounded fertilizer of the present invention preferably has an ammonia concentration of 10 ppm or less after one week in the following ammonia volatility test, preferably in the order of 8 ppm or less and 6 ppm or less, and more preferably 5 ppm or less. . If the ammonia concentration exceeds 10 ppm, the powdering rate increases, which is not preferable (comparative product in Table 4).

  In addition, the granular mixed fertilizer of the present invention preferably has an ammonia concentration of 15 ppm or less after 2 weeks in the following ammonia volatility test, preferably in the order of 12 ppm, 10 ppm, 8 ppm, 6 ppm or less, and 5 ppm or less. It is most preferable (mixed fertilizer 888A, B, mixed fertilizer 028A, B in Table 8).

[Ammonia volatility test]
A 1 kg granular fertilizer sample is packed in a plastic bag with a chuck and sealed. One week or two weeks after the sample preparation date, the ammonia concentration in the plastic bag with the chuck is measured.

  The granular compound fertilizer of the present invention preferably contains 1 to 25% ammoniacal nitrogen and 10 to 50% by weight of cyanamide nitrogen based on the total nitrogen content. By adjusting the content of ammonia nitrogen and the content of cyanamide nitrogen relative to the total nitrogen, a granular compound fertilizer blended with granular fertilizer containing ammonia nitrogen and granular lime nitrogen can be obtained.

  The granular compound fertilizer of the present invention preferably has a cyanamide nitrogen (CN) / nitrogen total amount (TN) of 10 to 50%, more preferably 15 to 50%, still more preferably 20 to 50%, and most preferably. Is 20-40%. If cyanamide nitrogen is less than 10.0% of the total nitrogen content, the nitrification rate in the mineralization rate increases (Table 2), and if it exceeds 50%, the nitrification rate in the mineralization rate becomes too low. Not preferred (Table 3).

  The blending ratio of the granular lime nitrogen mixed in the granular blended fertilizer of the present invention is 5% by weight or more ((1.0% or more by the total amount of nitrogen which is a guarantee component of lime nitrogen), and 6% by weight or more (lime) Nitrogen as a guarantee component of nitrogen is 1.2% or more), 7 wt% or more (nitrogen as a guarantee component of lime nitrogen is 1.4% or more), 8 wt% or more (as a guarantee component of lime nitrogen) 1.6% or more in terms of total nitrogen), 9% by weight or more (1.8% or more in terms of total nitrogen, which is a lime nitrogen guarantee component), preferably 10% by weight or more (a lime nitrogen guarantee component) When the blending ratio is less than 5% by weight, the cyanamide nitrogen content decreases, and a sufficient nitrification inhibitory effect cannot be expected (Table 6).

  The granular blended fertilizer of the present invention can be obtained by blending two or more kinds of granular fertilizers. When powdered fertilizer is blended, the ammonia concentration generated from the obtained blended fertilizer increases, so it is better not to blend.

The granular compound fertilizer of the present invention preferably contains 95% by weight or more in a particle size distribution within a range of 1.5 to 4 mm. And it is more preferable that the content rate of the powder less than 1.5 mm is 1.0 weight% or less, 0.8 weight% or less, 0.7 weight% or less, 0.6 weight% or less, 0.0. It is preferable in the order of 5% by weight or less and most preferably 0.4% by weight or less. When the particle size distribution of 1.5 to 4.0 mm is less than 95% by weight, or the content of the powder of less than 1.5 mm exceeds 1.0% by weight, depending on the fertilizer raw material to be combined, Since the generated ammonia concentration may increase, it is not preferable.
The granular compound fertilizer of the present invention preferably has a pulverization rate of 1.1% by weight or less in the pulverization test described above, 1.0% or less, 0.8% by weight or less, 0.8% or less. It is preferably in the order of 6% by weight or less, 0.5% by weight or less, and 0.4% by weight or less, and most preferably 0.3% by weight or less. When the powdering rate exceeds 1.1% by weight, clogging during mechanical fertilization is caused, which is not preferable.
The granular compound fertilizer of the present invention may contain granular organic fertilizer or granular composite fertilizer made from organic fertilizer (powder or fiber). Granular compound fertilizer containing organic fertilizer is suitable for special cultivation because it has a mild and mild effect on the soil. The organic fertilizer is not particularly limited as long as it is an organic fertilizer stipulated in the official standards. Specifically, rapeseed oil cake, steamed leather powder, by-product vegetable fertilizer, steamed hair powder, by-product animal fertilizer, dried Examples include fungal fertilizer and fish waste processed fertilizer.

  Moreover, the granular compound fertilizer of the present invention includes the above-mentioned granular fertilizer containing ammoniacal nitrogen, granular lime nitrogen, nitrogenous fertilizer such as urea, potassium fertilizer such as potassium chloride, potassium sulfate, phosphate fertilizer, Compound fertilizers that do not contain ammonia nitrogen, silicic acid fertilizers, bitter fertilizers, manganese fertilizers, boron fertilizers, inorganic particulate fertilizers such as trace element composite fertilizers, and granular composite fertilizers using these as raw materials Etc. may be contained. In addition, materials approved by the Fertilizer Control Law such as granulation accelerators, anti-caking materials, and anti-floating materials, inorganic materials such as granular gypsum, and agricultural chemicals may be added.

  When blending these inorganic granular fertilizers (individual) into the granular blended fertilizer of the present invention, the amount added varies depending on the type of blended fertilizer, but is preferably 1 to 50% by weight, and 2 to 40% by weight. More preferably, it is most preferably 3 to 30% by weight. The amount of granular heavy superphosphate and granular superphosphate added is preferably 1 to 50% by weight, more preferably 2 to 40% by weight, and 3 to 30% by weight. Most preferred.

The granular fertilizer used for the granular blended fertilizer of the present invention (a granular fertilizer containing ammonia nitrogen, granular lime nitrogen, granular superphosphate lime, granular heavy superphosphate lime, and other granular fertilizers described above) has a hardness of 1. is preferably 0 kgf / cm ² or more, more preferably 1.2 kgf / cm ² or more, and most preferred is at 1.5 kgf / cm ² or more. A granular fertilizer having a hardness of less than 1.0 kgf / cm ² is not preferable because it tends to collapse into powder during storage or transportation, and mechanical fertilization becomes difficult.

  Moreover, when using as a raw material of the granular fertilizer which contains 1-25% of ammonia nitrogen, the addition amount of the superphosphate lime and the heavy superphosphate lime is 1-50 weight% of the obtained granular compound fertilizer Is preferable, more preferably 2 to 40% by weight, and most preferably 3 to 30% by weight.

  The average pH of the granular blended fertilizer is preferably 7.0 to 3.0, and more preferably 6.0 to 4.0. A pH exceeding 7.0 is not preferable because ammonia tends to volatilize (comparative product in Table 4).

  Among the granular blended fertilizers of the present invention, those having particularly good quality preferably have an ammonia concentration of 10 ppm or less after 36 days in the following deposition test, preferably 8 ppm or less, 6 ppm or less, and 5 ppm or less in this order. Most preferably, it is 4 ppm or less (formulated fertilizers 888B and 028B in Table 8)).

[Deposition test]
A 7cm x 10-tier pallet is stacked in the warehouse, and the test bag is the lowest layer. After 36 days, the test bag is taken out and a gas detector is inserted and the ammonia concentration is measured before opening.

  The compounded fertilizer of the present invention contains a granular fertilizer containing 1 to 25% of ammoniacal nitrogen and granular lime nitrogen, and the particle size distribution in which all of the two or more types of granular fertilizers to be blended are 1.5 to 4.0 mm. It is preferable to manufacture by the method of mix | blending the granular fertilizer granulated so that it may contain 95 weight% or more in the range (Examples 2 and 6).

  The granular compound fertilizer of the present invention can be mechanically fertilized in a field using a machine for applying a general granular fertilizer. The granular compound fertilizer can be used for both primary fertilization applied 1 to 21 days before sowing and planting, preferably 7 to 10 days before, and additional fertilization performed after sowing and planting, but contains lime nitrogen. Therefore, it is preferable to apply as a raw fertilizer (Test Example 9).

  The granular compound fertilizer of the present invention is particularly useful for crops of vegetables, fruit trees, flower buds, and beans (Test Examples 8 and 9).

  The amount of fertilizer application varies depending on the characteristics of the land and the type of granular compound fertilizer used, but the reference fertilizer amount (per 10a) in the case of basic fertilizer is as follows.

Vegetables: 100-200kg
Craft crops (tea etc.): 120-160kg,
Fruit tree: 80-160kg

  Since the granular blended fertilizer of the present invention is blended with lime nitrogen, it is preferably applied 7 to 10 days before being mixed and well mixed with soil before sowing or planting. Moreover, in high cold districts and winter cropping, the nitrating action is further delayed at low temperatures, so it is preferably applied 2-3 weeks before.

The granular compound fertilizer of the present invention is
(I) Crop that prefers ammonia nitrogen and crops that require a certain proportion of ammonia: lettuce (Table 11), celery, leek, tea, chrysanthemum (ii) Long-term cultivation and long-lasting fertilization, number of topdressing Crops aiming for a stable income with low quality: Potatoes (Tables 14 and 15), eggplant, tomatoes, leeks, cucumbers, carrots, onions, corns, raccoos Crop grown in areas where nitrogen absorption efficiency is required: tea, lettuce, celery (iv) Crop requiring reduction of nitrate nitrogen in crops: spinach, komatsuna, lettuce (v) Reduced chemical cultivation and special It is particularly useful for crops in the region that aim for environmentally friendly agriculture (eco-agriculture) such as cultivation.

Action

  When blending a granular fertilizer containing strong alkaline granular lime nitrogen and ammonia nitrogen, the present inventors acted as a stabilizer for both, and volatilization and emission of ammonia. Found to reduce dust.

  According to the present invention, granular fertilizer (composite fertilizer) and lime nitrogen are granulated, and superphosphate lime and / or heavy superphosphate lime are added, so that ammonia volatilization is small and dust generation is also small. In addition, the particle size distribution is included in the range of 1.5 to 4.0 mm and 95% or more, and the pulverization rate of lime nitrogen is suppressed to 1.1% by weight or less. There are few, and the improvement has a remarkable effect. Moreover, since the average pH of the fertilizer raw material for mixing | blending (refer Table 4) combined with granular lime nitrogen was set to 7.0-3.0, it is suppressed to acidity.

  The present invention will be described in detail below, but the present invention is not limited to the following description.

  Each of the above conditions was verified by the following tests.

  In the above, if the cyanamide nitrogen is less than 10.0% of the total nitrogen content, the nitrification ratio in the mineralization rate increases (comparative product in Table 2), and if it exceeds 50%, the nitrification in the mineralization rate. Since the ratio becomes too low (CN / TN 50% fertilizer in Table 3 (product of the present invention)), it is 50% or less, preferably 10.0% or more and 40% or less.

  Next, ammonia nitrogen is usually 1% or more, but should not be more than 25%. Preferably, it is 1% to 16%.

  Moreover, when the average pH of granular fertilizers other than granular lime nitrogen exceeds 7.0, it is not preferable because it is alkaline, and since it is too acidic at 3.0 or less, it is generally set to 7.0 to 3.0. Preferably it is 7.0-4.0 (the product of the present invention and the reference product in Table 4).

Example 1 [Production of granular lime nitrogen (improved product)]
Lime nitrogen (powder) and granulation aid are supplied to the granulator, the particle size distribution of 4.0 to 1.5 mm is 95% or more, and the content of powder of less than 1.5 mm is 1.0% by weight or less. In addition, granulation and sieving were performed so that the hardness was 1.0 kgf / cm ² or more to obtain granular lime nitrogen (improved product).

  On the other hand, commercially available granular lime nitrogen was used as granular lime nitrogen (conventional product).

  The experimental granular lime nitrogen (improved product) was packaged in a 20 kg plastic bag (no-pin bag).

Test Example 1 [Measurement of various physical properties]
Table 1 shows the physical properties of commercially available granular lime nitrogen (conventional product) and experimentally produced granular lime nitrogen (improved product).

Example 2 [Manufacture of fertilizer containing lime nitrogen]
(A) Powder raw materials of ammonium sulfate, ammonium phosphate, and potassium chloride are supplied to a granulator, and the particle size distribution of 1.5 to 4.0 mm is 95% by weight or more and the content of powder of less than 1.5 mm is 1. The guaranteed components of nitrogen, phosphoric acid, and potassium obtained by granulating and sieving so that the hardness is 0% by weight or less and the hardness is 1.0 kgf / cm ² or more are each 14% inorganic chemical fertilizer. , (B) granular lime nitrogen (improved product) and (C) powdered superphosphate lime are supplied to the granulator, and the particle size distribution of 1.5 to 4.0 mm is 95% by weight or more and less than 1.5 mm The granular perphosphate lime obtained by granulating and sieving so that the content of the powder is 1.0 wt% or less and the hardness is 1.0 kgf / cm ² or more is converted to cyanamide nitrogen / Mix 15% and 10% total nitrogen and 11% ammonia nitrogen. , Fertilizer A containing lime nitrogen having a particle size distribution of less than 1.5 mm and containing 0.7% by weight (product of the present invention) and 0.5% by weight of powder having a particle size distribution of less than 1.5 mm Lime nitrogen-containing fertilizer B (product of the present invention) was produced (Table 2).

Test Example 2 [Inorganic test 1]
Purpose In order to know the nitrification inhibition effect of lime nitrogen known conventionally, the mineralization rate and nitrification rate of fertilizer samples having different cyanamide nitrogen ratios were measured.

Sample The inorganic chemical fertilizer (comparative product) produced in Example 2 (A) and the lime nitrogen fertilizers A and B (product of the present invention) produced in Example 2 were used as samples.

Method In accordance with the mineralization test method (No. 50 No. 7007, Director General of Agriculture and Horticulture, Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry).

Nitrogen charge: 40 mg / 100 g dry soil, soil moisture: 55% of maximum water capacity, test soil: volcanic ash soil (field soil)
Culture temperature: 25 ° C
Measurement: A sample is taken after a lapse of a predetermined period, and the entire contents are put into a shaking bottle with 10% aqueous solution of potassium chloride, shaken for 30 minutes, filtered, analyzed for AN and NN in the filtrate, and blank from that value. The mineralization rate and the nitrification rate were determined, and the nitrification ratio in the mineralization rate was calculated.

Result In inorganic fertilizers, nitrification progressed with the passage of days, whereas it was confirmed that fertilizers containing lime nitrogen suppressed nitrification.

As a result, Table 2 was obtained.

Example 3 [Production of granular fertilizer of CN / TN 12.5% to 50%]
Purpose In order to know the fertilization effect of compound fertilizer blended (blended) with granular lime nitrogen, a mineralization test was conducted.

Sample (A) A powder raw material of ammonium sulfate, ammonium phosphate, and potassium chloride is supplied to a granulator, and the particle size distribution of 1.5 to 4.0 mm is 95% by weight or more and the content of powder of less than 1.5 mm is 1 0.08% by weight and 8% nitrogen guarantee component obtained by granulation and sieving so that the hardness is 1.0 kgf / cm ² or more (nitrogen, phosphoric acid, potassium guarantee component) 8-20-20) inorganic chemical fertilizer (comparative product), and (B) granular lime nitrogen (improved product) produced in (A) and Example 2, and (C) granular superphosphate lime, CN / TN 25% fertilizer, adjusted to be CN / TN 25%, CN / TN 50%, CN / TN 12.5%, and the content of powder with a particle size distribution of less than 1.5 mm is 0.6% by weight, respectively. (Invention product), 0.7% by weight of CN / TN 50% fertilizer (Invention) ), And 0.4 wt% of CN / TN12.5% fertilizer (present invention) and the sample (Table 3).

Test Example 3 [Mineralization Test 2]
Method According to the mineralization test method (No. 50 No. 7007, Director General of Agriculture and Horticulture, Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry).

Nitrogen charge: 100 mg / 100 g dry soil, soil moisture: 60% of maximum water capacity, test soil: volcanic ash soil (field soil)
Culture temperature: 25 ° C
Measurement: A sample is taken out after a lapse of a predetermined period, and the contents are put into a shaking bottle with a 10% aqueous potassium chloride solution, shaken for 30 minutes, filtered, and the filtrates AN (ammonia nitrogen), NN (nitrate nitrogen) The value of the blank was subtracted from the value to obtain the mineralization rate and nitrification rate, and the nitrification ratio in the mineralization rate was calculated.

As a result, Table 3 was obtained.

  Results The above is illustrated in FIG.

  Compared with inorganic chemical fertilizer (comparative product), it was confirmed that the fertilizer containing lime nitrogen (the product of the present invention) suppresses nitrification (retards the nitrification time).

  Ammonia nitrogen is a cation and is adsorbed on the soil, but nitrate nitrogen is an anion and is not adsorbed, and is leached by rainwater, etc., leading to environmental pollution.

  In inorganic fertilizers, nitrification has progressed to 80% of inorganic nitrogen by the 4th week, and in leafy vegetables with a short cultivation period (60 days), the plant body is still small, so the amount of absorption is small and leached without being used. There is a high possibility of end.

  On the other hand, leafy vegetables prefer nitrate nitrogen, so nitrate nitrogen according to the growth stage is necessary, so the nitrification ratio of inorganic nitrogen up to the 4th week is suppressed to 50%, the second half A fertilization pattern is desired in which the remaining nitrification proceeds in 4 weeks.

Example 4 [Manufacture of various blended fertilizers (invention product, reference product, comparative product)]
Methods Various fertilizer raw materials and granular lime nitrogen (improved product) were mixed at various mixing ratios to prepare mixed fertilizers (Table 4).

The granular inorganic chemical fertilizer (i) of raw materials A and F supplies powder raw materials of ammonia sulfate, urea, ammonia phosphate, and potassium chloride to the granulator, and the particle size distribution of 1.5 to 4.0 mm is 95% by weight. Above, nitrogen, phosphoric acid, obtained by granulating and sieving so that the content of powder of less than 1.5 mm is 1.0% by weight or less and the hardness is 1.0 kgf / cm ² or more, It is a granular composite fertilizer with a Kali guarantee component of 16-18-14.

The granular inorganic chemical fertilizer (ii) of the raw material B supplies powder raw materials of ammonia sulfate, urea, ammonia phosphate, lime perphosphate, chlorinated potassium, and granulation accelerator to the granulator. Granulation and sieving so that the particle size distribution of 0 mm is 95% by weight or more, the content of powder of less than 1.5 mm is 1.0% by weight or less, and the hardness is 1.0 kgf / cm ² or more. The obtained nitrogen, phosphoric acid, and Kari's guarantee components are 12-14-16 granular composite fertilizers.

The raw material C, H, J granular heavy superphosphate lime powder is supplied to the granulator, the particle size distribution of 1.5-4.0mm is 95wt% or more, less than 1.5mm Is a granular heavy superphosphate obtained by granulating and sieving so that the content of the powder is 1.0 wt% or less and the hardness is 1.0 kgf / cm ² or more.

The raw material D and E granular superphosphate lime powder is supplied to the granulator, and the particle size distribution of 1.5 to 4.0 mm is 95% by weight or more and less than 1.5 mm. Granular superphosphate obtained by granulation and sieving such that the rate is 1.0% by weight or less and the hardness is 1.0 kgf / cm ² or more.

The granular organic chemical fertilizer (i) of the raw material G is ammonium sulfate, ammonium phosphate, heavy perphosphate lime, superphosphate lime, potassium chloride, organic fertilizer (by-product animal fertilizer, steamed leather powder, rapeseed oil residue) The powder raw material is supplied to a granulator, the particle size distribution of 1.5 to 4.0 mm is 95% by weight or more, the content of powder of less than 1.5 mm is 1.0% by weight or less, and the hardness is 1.0 kgf. It is a granular organic fertilizer in which the guaranteed components of nitrogen, phosphoric acid and potassium obtained by granulating and sieving so as to be at least / cm ² are 8-15-8.

The granular ammonium phosphate of the raw material I supplies powdered ammonium phosphate to a granulator, and the particle size distribution of 1.5 to 4.0 mm is 95% by weight or more and the content of powder of less than 1.5 mm is 1. It is a granular ammonium phosphate obtained by granulating and sieving so that the hardness is 0% by weight or less and the hardness is 1.0 kgf / cm ² or more.

Furthermore, the granular organic chemical fertilizer (ii) of the raw material K supplies powder raw materials of ammonia sulfate, ammonium phosphate, potassium chloride, organic fertilizer (rapeseed oil cake, fish waste processing fertilizer) to the granulator, 1.5 ~ Granulation and sieving so that the particle size distribution of 4.0 mm is 95% by weight or more, the content of powder of less than 1.5 mm is 1.0% by weight or less, and the hardness is 1.0 kgf / cm ² or more. The guaranteed component of nitrogen, phosphoric acid, and potassium obtained by the experiment is a granular organic fertilizer having 10-15-10.

Test Example 4 [Ammonia volatilization test]
1 kg of the prepared blended fertilizer sample was packed in a plastic bag with a chuck and sealed.

  Immediately after sample preparation and one week later, the gas detector tube was inserted to measure the ammonia concentration.

As a result of the test, Table 4 was obtained.

  The results are as follows.

Result As the average pH of the fertilizer raw material for blending increased, ammonia tended to volatilize. However, since the concentration at which ammonia odor can be easily detected by human odor is 30 ppm or more, blended product (treatment section) 2, 3,4,5,6,8 granular blended fertilizer (blended products 2,4,5,8 are invention products, blended products 3,6 are reference products) The upper limit of the average pH of the combined fertilizer raw material to be combined was determined to be 7.0, preferably 6.8 or less, and more preferably 6.8 to 4.0.

  Compound 1 which does not contain superphosphate lime or heavy superphosphate lime has a high powdering rate, and the fertilizer bag may be damaged by the generated ammonia gas when packed in a sealed fertilizer bag. It was judged that it was difficult to distribute (comparative product).

  On the other hand, the compound 4, 8 ((A) granular inorganic chemical fertilizer (i) or granular organic chemical fertilizer (ii) and (B) obtained by blending granular superphosphate and / or granular heavy superphosphate lime 3) Contains granular lime nitrogen (improved product) and (C) 3 types of raw materials such as granular superphosphate or granular heavy superphosphate), superphosphate and / or heavy superphosphate lime (2) (A) Granular inorganic chemical fertilizer (ii) containing superphosphate lime or Granular organic chemical fertilizer (ii) containing heavy superphosphate and superphosphate lime (B) ) Mixing two kinds of raw materials of granular lime nitrogen (improved product)), there is almost no ammonia gas generated, and there is an effect to suppress the generation of ammonia gas in superphosphate lime and heavy superphosphate lime It was found.

  And when blending granular fertilizer containing ammonia nitrogen and strong alkaline granular lime nitrogen, the present invention product blended with heavy superphosphate lime or superphosphate lime as a stabilizer should be distributed as a product. Was determined to be possible.

  In addition, the blended products 2, 4, 5, 8 (product of the present invention) and the blended products 3, 6 (reference product) having an ammonia concentration (immediately and after one week) of 10 ppm or less are hardly powdered and are 1.5 mm. The content of less than the powder was 1.0% by weight or less.

Example 5 [Production Example Production of granular organic chemicals A and B]
Sulfuric acid potassium, ammonia sulfate, heavy superphosphate lime, by-product vegetable fertilizer, steamed leather powder, gypsum powder raw material is supplied to granulator, granulated, dried, cooled, sieved, product A granular organic chemical conversion A having a size (4.0 to 1.5 mm) particle size distribution of 97.1% by weight or more was obtained.

  In addition, 17 parts by weight of potassium chloride, 7 parts by weight of ammonium sulfate, 3 parts by weight of urea, 28 parts by weight of ammonium phosphate (an ammonium phosphate), 25 parts by weight of rapeseed oil cake, 9 parts by weight of lime superphosphate, 5% by-product clay fertilizer Part by weight, 3 parts by weight of molten trace element composite fertilizer and 3 parts by weight of bentonite are supplied to a granulator, granulated, dried and cooled, and then sieved to obtain a product size (4-1 to 1. 5 mm) of granular organic chemical conversion B having a particle size distribution of 95.8% by weight or more was obtained.

Test Example 5 [Measurement of various physical properties]
The test granular organic chemicals are as follows.

Method Powdering rate: Remove powder of less than 1.5 mm from the sample in advance. 250 g of this product is put in 500 mL of styrol in a stick bottle, covered, and then shaken for 15 minutes with a reciprocating shaker.

  The sample after shaking is sieved again with a 1.5-mm sieve, and the ratio of the sieve passing part (under-sieved part) is determined and used as the powdering rate.

Reciprocating shaker: TAIPEC's RECIPRO SHAKER SR-2w
Amplitude setting: 300 min-1
Hardness: Measured with Kiyama-type hardness meter, average value of 10 grains Table 5 was obtained as a result.

Example 6 [Production of Compound Fertilizer 888 and Compound Fertilizer 028]
The granular organic chemical fertilizers A and B (Table 5) obtained in Example 5 and the granular lime nitrogen (conventional products and improved products, Table 1) are mixed using the actual mixing plant based on the mixing design of Table 6 and the mixed fertilizer 888A. (Conventional product), Mixed fertilizer 028A (Conventional product), Mixed fertilizer 888B (Improved product), Mixed fertilizer 028B (Improved product) were prototyped for 5t each. The experimental fertilizer was packed in a 20 kg plastic bag (no-pin bag).

Test Example 6 [Measurement of various physical properties]
The result of the above (production of compounded fertilizer 888A, B and compounded fertilizer 028A, B) is
Powdering rate: The sample is sieved in advance with a sieve of 1.5 mm, and the powder of less than 1.5 mm is removed. 250 g of this product is put into a 500 mL styrol bar, covered, and then shaken for 15 minutes with a reciprocating shaker.

  The sample after shaking is sieved again with a 1.5 mm sieve, and the ratio of the portion under the sieve is determined and used as the powdering rate.

Reciprocating shaker: TAIPEC's RECIPRO SHAKER SR-2w
Amplitude setting: 300 min-1
Hardness: Measured with Kiyama-type hardness meter, average value of 10 grains. Table 7 was obtained when the physical properties of the blended products (mixed fertilizer 888A, B and mixed fertilizer 028A, B) were investigated.

  In the compound fertilizer 888A, since TP and WK which are not related to lime nitrogen are combined from the analysis of the powder with the under-milling rate, the physical properties of organic chemicals mixed with granular lime nitrogen also affect the powdering rate. It was suggested that the physical properties of the granular compound fertilizer after mixing were important.

  In addition, cyanamide nitrogen (CN) / total nitrogen (TN) of the mixed fertilizers 028A and B was 30.0%, and CN / TN of the mixed fertilizers 888A and B was 32.5%. In addition, the content of cyanamide nitrogen (CN) was 2.5% for both 028A, B, 888A, and B.

Test Example 7 [Deposition Test]
Next, the deposition test of the blended product is as shown in Table 8.

Method The packaged product was deposited according to the actual storage conditions.

  Storage location: Deposition conditions in the warehouse: 7 斤 × 10-stage pallet stacking, the test bag was the bottom layer, and two pallets with the same stacking were mounted.

  Measurement: After the lapse of a predetermined date, the test bag was taken out and the ammonia concentration was measured by inserting a gas detector tube before opening. Furthermore, it opened and the presence or absence of caking was confirmed. In addition, the fertilizer was removed from the bag and the dust generation status was confirmed.

Results Compound fertilizers 888A and 028A produced using granular organic chemicals A and B (Table 5) and conventional granular lime nitrogen (powdering rate 1.5% by weight (Table 1)) The product of the present invention was judged to have an ammonia concentration less than half of the concentration (30 ppm) that can be easily detected by humans.

  On the other hand, compounded fertilizers 888B and 028B (product of the present invention) prepared using granular organic chemicals A and B and improved granular lime nitrogen (powdering rate 0.8% by weight (Table 1)) are 36 Amount of volatilization of ammonia after 2 days was as low as 2 ppm and nd (below the detection limit), and dust generation during opening was also small.

  As described above, the particle size distribution of the granular blended fertilizer (particularly, the ratio of the powder of less than 1.5 mm (0.2 wt% for the blended fertilizer 888B and 0.3 wt% for 028B)) and the powdering rate of the granular lime nitrogen (888B) And 028B use granular lime nitrogen having a powdering rate of 0.8% by weight), and it was confirmed that ammonia volatilization and dust generation after storage for 36 days were greatly affected.

Test Example 8 [Fertilization Test 1]
In order to confirm the effect on the actual crops of the granular compound fertilizer containing the granular organic chemical fertilizer and granular lime nitrogen (the compound fertilizer 888B of Example 6), a fertilization effect test was performed.

Crop lettuce (variety: Berkeley)
Table 9 shows the test fertilizers.

The fertilization design is shown in Table 10.

Cultivation overview Sowing date November 26, 2004
Horticulture seedling cultivation soil (Coop Chemical: Genki-kun No. 2)
Seedling in a seedling tray filled with seedlings, raising seedlings in the house
Fertilization date December 30, 2004
Full surface fertilization on the bed in the house, mulch after mixing and
tunnel
Date of planting January 7, 2005
Harvest survey date March 6, 2005

The survey results are shown in Table 11.

  The test group fertilized with the granular blended fertilizer (mixed fertilizer 888B) of the present invention has a higher yield than the comparative group fertilized with only the organic chemical fertilizer. Recently, consumers have preferred that the nitrate ion in the leaf is low, and the test plot is also superior in this respect.

Test Example 9 [Fertilization Test 2]
Crop Potato (Cultivar: Early White)
The test fertilizer (mixed fertilizer 028B of Example 6) is as shown in Table 12.

The fertilization design is shown in Table 13.

Cultivation overview Fertilization date March 15, 2005
After full surface fertilization and cultivation in the test area of the test field (outdoor)
Freshly made
Planting date March 23, 2005
Harvest survey date June 7, 2005

  The survey results are shown in Tables 14 and 15.

Standard product standards are 3L (150 g-), 2L (120 g-), L (100 g-), M (70 g-), S (40 g-), 2S (20 g-).

  The test group fertilized with the granular compounded fertilizer of the present invention (compounded fertilizer 028B) has a higher yield and a higher ratio of L and M standard products with higher product value than the comparative group fertilized with only organic chemical fertilizer. . (The test plot is 22.7 for L size (100 g) or more and 49.4 for M size (70 g) or more, whereas the comparison plot is 18.6 for L size or more and 36.7 for M size or more)

The graph of the distribution ratio in the mineralization rate of this invention.

Claims (16)

  10 to 94% by weight of granular fertilizer containing 1 to 25% of ammonia nitrogen, 5 to 90% by weight of granular lime nitrogen, 1 to 50% by weight of superphosphate lime and / or 1 to 50% of heavy superphosphate lime % Containing granular fertilizer. (A) 10 to 94% by weight of granular fertilizer containing 1 to 25% ammoniacal nitrogen,
(B) 5 to 90% by weight of granular lime nitrogen,
(C) 1-50% by weight of granular lime superphosphate and / or 1-50% by weight of granular heavy superphosphate.
A granular compound fertilizer obtained by blending a granular fertilizer containing the above (A), (B), (C). (A) 1 to 99 parts by weight of nitrogenous fertilizer having ammonia nitrogen as a guarantee component and / or 1 to 99 parts by weight of complex fertilizer having ammonia nitrogen as a guarantee component, 1 to 50 parts by weight of superphosphate lime, and / or Or 10 to 95% by weight of granular fertilizer containing 1 to 25% of ammoniacal nitrogen obtained by granulating a raw material containing 1 to 50 parts by weight of lime heavy superphosphate,
(B) 5 to 90% by weight of granular lime nitrogen.
A granular compounded fertilizer obtained by blending the granular fertilizer containing (A) or (B).   The granular fertilizer containing 1 to 25% of ammonia nitrogen is a granular organic fertilizer containing a fertilizer containing ammonia nitrogen as a guarantee component and an organic fertilizer. The granular compound fertilizer according to item.   The granular compound fertilizer according to any one of claims 1 to 4, comprising cyanamide nitrogen in an amount of 10 to 50% of the total nitrogen content.   The granular compounded fertilizer according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein a particle size distribution of the granular compounded fertilizer is 95% by weight or more within a range of 1.5 to 4.0 mm.   The granular compound fertilizer according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the content of the powder having a particle size of less than 1.5 mm is 1.0% by weight or less. The granular compounding fertilizer according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the pulverization rate of granular lime nitrogen is 1.1 wt% or less in the following pulverization test.
[Powdering test]
The sample is sieved beforehand with a 1.5 mm sieve to remove powder less than 1.5 mm. After putting 250 g of a sample from which powder of less than 1.5 mm has been removed into a 500 ml styrol stick bottle and capping, it was shaken for 15 minutes with a reciprocating shaker (TAITEC's RECIPRO SHAKER SR-2w, shake setting: 300 min-1). The sample is again sieved with a 1.5 mm sieve, and the ratio of the portion passing through the sieve is determined and used as the powdering rate (% by weight).   Average pH of fertilizer raw material for blending combined with granular lime nitrogen [granular fertilizer containing (A) and (C) according to claim 2 and granular fertilizer containing (A) or (A) according to claim 3] The granular compound fertilizer according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein is 7.0 to 3.0.   The powdered fertilizer according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein in the powdered test according to claim 8, the powdered rate of the powdered fertilizer is 0.5% by weight or less. The granular blended fertilizer according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein in the following ammonia volatility test, the ammonia concentration after one week is 10 ppm or less.
[Ammonia volatility test]
A 1 kg granular fertilizer sample is packed in a plastic bag with a chuck and sealed. One week after the date of preparation of the sample, the ammonia concentration in the plastic bag with the chuck is measured. (A) A powder raw material containing fertilizer containing ammoniacal nitrogen as a guarantee component is supplied to a granulator, and the content ratio of a powder having a particle size distribution of 1.5 to 4.0 mm is 95% by weight or more and less than 1.5 mm Is a granulated fertilizer containing 1 to 25% by weight of ammoniacal nitrogen obtained by granulating so that the hardness is 1.0% by weight or less and having a hardness of 1.0 kgf / cm ² or more,
(B) The lime nitrogen powder is supplied to a granulator, the particle size distribution of 1.5 to 4.0 mm is 95% by weight or more, the content of the powder of less than 1.5 mm is 1.0% by weight or less, and the hardness Granulated so as to be 1.0 kgf / cm ² or more, and sieving to obtain granular lime nitrogen,
(C) The raw material powder is supplied to a granulator, the particle size distribution of 1.5 to 4.0 mm is 95% by weight or more, the content of the powder of less than 1.5 mm is 1.0% by weight or less, and the hardness is Granular superphosphate and / or granular heavy superphosphate obtained by granulating to 1.0 kgf / cm ² or more and sieving.
The granular fertilizer containing said (A), (B), (C) is mix | blended, The manufacturing method of the granular compound fertilizer of any one of Claims 2-11 characterized by the above-mentioned. (A) Granulated powdery raw material containing nitrogenous fertilizer with ammonia nitrogen as a guarantee component and / or composite fertilizer with ammonia nitrogen as a guarantee component and superphosphate lime and / or heavy superphosphate lime The particle size distribution of 1.5 to 4.0 mm is 95% by weight or more, the content of powder of less than 1.5 mm is 1.0% by weight or less, and the hardness is 1.0 kgf / cm ² or more. Granular fertilizer containing 1 to 25% by weight or more of ammoniacal nitrogen obtained by granulation and sieving,
(B) The lime nitrogen powder is supplied to a granulator, the particle size distribution of 1.5 to 4.0 mm is 95% by weight or more, the content of the powder of less than 1.5 mm is 1.0% by weight or less, and the hardness Granular lime nitrogen obtained by granulating and sieving so that the slag becomes 1.0 kgf / cm ² or more.
The method for producing a granular fertilizer according to any one of claims 3 to 11, wherein the granular fertilizer containing (A) and (B) is blended. (A) A granular fertilizer containing 1 to 25% by weight or more of ammoniacal nitrogen supplies a granulating machine with a powder raw material containing fertilizer and organic fertilizer having ammonia nitrogen as a guarantee component, and 1.5 to 4 Granulation so that the particle size distribution of 0.0 mm is 95% by weight or more, the content of powders of less than 1.5 mm is 1.0% by weight or less, and the hardness is 1.0 kgf / cm ² or more. The method for producing a granular compounded fertilizer according to any one of claims 12 and 13, wherein the organic fertilizer is a granular organic fertilizer containing 1 to 25% by weight or more of the ammoniacal nitrogen obtained.   The granular compound fertilizer according to any one of claims 1 to 11 or the granular compound fertilizer obtained by the production method according to any one of claims 12 to 14 before 1 to 21 days before sowing or planting. Fertilization method of granular compound fertilizer characterized by applying fertilization to a field.   The method for fertilizing a granular compound fertilizer according to claim 15, characterized in that the crop to be seeded or planted is a vegetable, fruit tree, flower bud or bean.

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